% 서베이 논문
@misc{survey,
      title={A Survey of Large Language Models}, 
      author={Wayne Xin Zhao and Kun Zhou and Junyi Li and Tianyi Tang and Xiaolei Wang and Yupeng Hou and Yingqian Min and Beichen Zhang and Junjie Zhang and Zican Dong and Yifan Du and Chen Yang and Yushuo Chen and Zhipeng Chen and Jinhao Jiang and Ruiyang Ren and Yifan Li and Xinyu Tang and Zikang Liu and Peiyu Liu and Jian-Yun Nie and Ji-Rong Wen},
      year={2026},
      eprint={2303.18223},
      archivePrefix={arXiv},
      primaryClass={cs.CL},
      url={https://arxiv.org/abs/2303.18223}, 
}

% 혜윤님
@inproceedings{baek,
author = {Baek, Hye-Yoon and Choi, Jinho and Seo, Jimyeung and Jin, Xiongnan and Lee, Dongcheon and Oh, Byungkook},
title = {Relation-Faceted Graph Pooling with LLM Guidance for Dynamic Span-Aware Information Extraction},
year = {2025},
isbn = {9798400720406},
publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery},
address = {New York, NY, USA},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1145/3746252.3761243},
doi = {10.1145/3746252.3761243},
abstract = {Joint information extraction aims to convert unstructured text into structured knowledge by identifying entities and their relations. However, existing methods often rely on static span formation and relation-agnostic validation, limiting their ability to capture dynamic, context-sensitive semantics. We present RePooL, a hierarchical validation framework that performs fine-grained token-level filtering followed by coarse-grained span-level validation, enabling robust multi-granular semantic modeling. RePooL constructs a dual-view knowledge graph that models tokens and relations as distinct node types. It leverages auxiliary structural relations to encode token-relation semantic compatibility via subject and object roles and to compose multi-token spans dynamically, thereby enabling relation-aware validation across multiple granularities. To further strengthen semantic grounding, RePooL incorporates LLM-guided alignment, which evaluates candidate triples against the input text to specifically reinforce coherent extractions. Extensive experiments on standard IE benchmarks show that RePooL achieves superior performance, demonstrating its effectiveness in modeling fine-grained entity-relation interactions.},
booktitle = {Proceedings of the 34th ACM International Conference on Information and Knowledge Management},
pages = {109–118},
numpages = {10},
keywords = {dynamic span, joint information extraction, large language models, preference distillation, semantic alignment},
location = {Seoul, Republic of Korea},
series = {CIKM '25}
}

% 우진이형
@inproceedings{woojin,
    title = "Multilingual, Not Multicultural: Uncovering the Cultural Empathy Gap in {LLM}s through a Comparative Empathetic Dialogue Benchmark",
    author = "Lee, Woojin  and
      Sim, Yujin  and
      Kim, Hongjin  and
      Kim, Harksoo",
    editor = "Inui, Kentaro  and
      Sakti, Sakriani  and
      Wang, Haofen  and
      Wong, Derek F.  and
      Bhattacharyya, Pushpak  and
      Banerjee, Biplab  and
      Ekbal, Asif  and
      Chakraborty, Tanmoy  and
      Singh, Dhirendra Pratap",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 14th International Joint Conference on Natural Language Processing and the 4th Conference of the Asia-Pacific Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics",
    month = dec,
    year = "2025",
    address = "Mumbai, India",
    publisher = "The Asian Federation of Natural Language Processing and The Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://aclanthology.org/2025.ijcnlp-long.44/",
    pages = "791--809",
    ISBN = "979-8-89176-298-5",
    abstract = "Large Language Models (LLMs) demonstrate remarkable multilingual capabilities, yet it remains unclear whether they are truly multicultural. Do they merely process different languages, or can they genuinely comprehend the unique cultural contexts embedded within them? This study investigates this critical question by examining whether LLM{'}s perception of emotion and empathy differs across linguistic and cultural boundaries. To facilitate this, we introduce the Korean Empathetic Dialogues (KoED), a benchmark extending the English-based EmpatheticDialogues (ED) dataset. Moving beyond direct translation, we meticulously reconstructed dialogues specifically selected for their potential for cultural adaptation, aligning them with Korean emotional nuances and incorporating key cultural concepts like `jeong' and `han' that lack direct English equivalents. Our cross-cultural evaluation of leading multilingual LLMs reveals a significant ``cultural empathy gap'': models consistently underperform on KoED compared to ED, struggling especially with uniquely Korean emotional expressions. Notably, the Korean-centric model, EXAONE, exhibits significantly higher cultural appropriateness. This result provides compelling evidence that aligns with the ``data provenance effect'', suggesting that the cultural alignment of pre-training data is a critical factor for genuine empathetic communication. These findings demonstrate that current LLMs have cultural blind spots and underscore the necessity of benchmarks like KoED to move beyond simple linguistic fluency towards truly culturally adaptive AI systems."
}

% Task
@inproceedings{semeval2026task7,
title = "{S}em{E}val-2026 {T}ask 7: {E}veryday {K}nowledge {A}cross {D}iverse {L}anguages and {C}ultures",
author = "Nedjma Ousidhoum and Junho Myung and Carla Perez-Almendros and Jiho Jin and
Amr Keleg and Meriem Beloucif and Yi Zhou and Rodrigo Agerri and Vladimir Araujo and
Naomi Baes and James Barry and Joanne Boisson and Nancy F. Chen and Christine de Kock and
Aleksandra Edwards and Joseba Fernandez de Landa and Mohamed Fazli Imam and Huda Hakami and
Shu-Kai Hsieh and Joseph Marvin Imperial and Roy Ka-Wei Lee and Chenyang Lyu and
Younes Samih and Johan Sjons and Bryan Tan and Asahi Ushio and Weihua Zheng and Zhengyuan Liu and
Alice Oh and Jose Camacho-Collados",
booktitle = "Proceedings of the 20th International Workshop on Semantic Evaluation (SemEval-2026)",
year = "2026",
publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics"
}
% workshop
@proceedings{semeval2026workshop,
    title = "Proceedings of the 20th International Workshop on Semantic Evaluation (SemEval-2026)",
    editor = "Ghosh, Debanjan and North, Kai and Kochmar, Ekaterina and Komachi, Mamoru and Zampieri, Marcos",
    month = jul,
    year = "2026",
    address = "San Diego, United States",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics"
}

% BLEnD
@article{blend,
title={Blend: A benchmark for llms on everyday knowledge in diverse cultures and languages},
author={Myung, Junho and Lee, Nayeon and Zhou, Yi and Jin, Jiho and Putri, Rifki and Antypas, Dimosthenis and Borkakoty, Hsuvas and Kim, Eunsu and Perez-Almendros, Carla and Ayele, Abinew Ali and others},
journal={Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems},
volume={37},
pages={78104--78146},
year={2024}
}
% 2.1
% KoBBQ
@article{kobbq,
    title = "{K}o{BBQ}: {K}orean Bias Benchmark for Question Answering",
    author = "Jin, Jiho  and
      Kim, Jiseon  and
      Lee, Nayeon  and
      Yoo, Haneul  and
      Oh, Alice  and
      Lee, Hwaran",
    journal = "Transactions of the Association for Computational Linguistics",
    volume = "12",
    year = "2024",
    address = "Cambridge, MA",
    publisher = "MIT Press",
    url = "https://aclanthology.org/2024.tacl-1.28/",
    doi = "10.1162/tacl_a_00661",
    pages = "507--524",
    abstract = "Warning: This paper contains examples of stereotypes and biases. The Bias Benchmark for Question Answering (BBQ) is designed to evaluate social biases of language models (LMs), but it is not simple to adapt this benchmark to cultural contexts other than the US because social biases depend heavily on the cultural context. In this paper, we present KoBBQ, a Korean bias benchmark dataset, and we propose a general framework that addresses considerations for cultural adaptation of a dataset. Our framework includes partitioning the BBQ dataset into three classes{---}Simply-Transferred (can be used directly after cultural translation), Target-Modified (requires localization in target groups), and Sample-Removed (does not fit Korean culture){---}and adding four new categories of bias specific to Korean culture. We conduct a large-scale survey to collect and validate the social biases and the targets of the biases that reflect the stereotypes in Korean culture. The resulting KoBBQ dataset comprises 268 templates and 76,048 samples across 12 categories of social bias. We use KoBBQ to measure the accuracy and bias scores of several state-of-the-art multilingual LMs. The results clearly show differences in the bias of LMs as measured by KoBBQ and a machine-translated version of BBQ, demonstrating the need for and utility of a well-constructed, culturally aware social bias benchmark."
}

% 2.2
% MAD
@inproceedings{mad,
    title = "Encouraging Divergent Thinking in Large Language Models through Multi-Agent Debate",
    author = "Liang, Tian  and
      He, Zhiwei  and
      Jiao, Wenxiang  and
      Wang, Xing  and
      Wang, Yan  and
      Wang, Rui  and
      Yang, Yujiu  and
      Shi, Shuming  and
      Tu, Zhaopeng",
    editor = "Al-Onaizan, Yaser  and
      Bansal, Mohit  and
      Chen, Yun-Nung",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 2024 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing",
    month = nov,
    year = "2024",
    address = "Miami, Florida, USA",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://aclanthology.org/2024.emnlp-main.992/",
    doi = "10.18653/v1/2024.emnlp-main.992",
    pages = "17889--17904",
    abstract = "Modern large language models (LLMs) like ChatGPT have shown remarkable performance on general language tasks but still struggle on complex reasoning tasks, which drives the research on cognitive behaviors of LLMs to explore human-like problem-solving strategies. Along this direction, one representative strategy is self-reflection, which asks an LLM to refine the solution with the feedback generated by itself iteratively. However, our study shows that such reflection-style methods suffer from the Degeneration-of-Thought (DoT) problem: once the LLM has established confidence in its solutions, it is unable to generate novel thoughts later through reflection even if its initial stance is incorrect. To address the DoT problem, we propose a Multi-Agent Debate (MAD) framework, in which multiple agents express their arguments in the state of ``tit for tat'' and a judge manages the debate process to obtain a final solution. Clearly, our MAD framework encourages divergent thinking in LLMs which would be helpful for tasks that require deep levels of contemplation. Experiment results on two challenging datasets, commonsense machine translation and counter-intuitive arithmetic reasoning, demonstrate the effectiveness of our MAD framework. Extensive analyses suggest that the adaptive break of debate and the modest level of ``tit for tat'' state are required for MAD to obtain good performance. Moreover, we find that LLMs might not be a fair judge if different LLMs are used for agents."
}

# MAD
@inproceedings{mad2,
 author = {Estornell, Andrew and Liu, Yang},
 booktitle = {Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems},
 doi = {10.52202/079017-0911},
 editor = {A. Globerson and L. Mackey and D. Belgrave and A. Fan and U. Paquet and J. Tomczak and C. Zhang},
 pages = {28938--28964},
 publisher = {Curran Associates, Inc.},
 title = {Multi-LLM Debate: Framework, Principals, and Interventions},
 url = {https://proceedings.neurips.cc/paper_files/paper/2024/file/32e07a110c6c6acf1afbf2bf82b614ad-Paper-Conference.pdf},
 volume = {37},
 year = {2024}
}


% 2.2
% Multiple LLM Agent Debate -> MAD랑 같이 레퍼 달아도 될 거 같아.
@inproceedings{mad3,
    title = "Multiple {LLM} Agents Debate for Equitable Cultural Alignment",
    author = "Ki, Dayeon  and
      Rudinger, Rachel  and
      Zhou, Tianyi  and
      Carpuat, Marine",
    editor = "Che, Wanxiang  and
      Nabende, Joyce  and
      Shutova, Ekaterina  and
      Pilehvar, Mohammad Taher",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 63rd Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (Volume 1: Long Papers)",
    month = jul,
    year = "2025",
    address = "Vienna, Austria",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://aclanthology.org/2025.acl-long.1210/",
    doi = "10.18653/v1/2025.acl-long.1210",
    pages = "24841--24877",
    ISBN = "979-8-89176-251-0",
    abstract = "Large Language Models (LLMs) need to adapt their predictions to diverse cultural contexts to benefit diverse communities across the world. While previous efforts have focused on single-LLM, single-turn approaches, we propose to exploit the complementary strengths of multiple LLMs to promote cultural adaptability. We introduce a Multi-Agent Debate framework, where two LLM-based agents debate over a cultural scenario and collaboratively reach a final decision. We propose two variants: one where either LLM agents exclusively debate and another where they dynamically choose between self-reflection and debate during their turns. We evaluate these approaches on 7 open-weight LLMs (and 21 LLM combinations) using the NormAd-ETI benchmark for social etiquette norms in 75 countries. Experiments show that debate improves both overall accuracy and cultural group parity over single-LLM baselines. Notably, multi-agent debate enables relatively small LLMs (7-9B) to achieve accuracies comparable to that of a much larger model (27B parameters)."
}

% gpt-4o-mini
@misc{gpt,
  title={GPT-4o mini: advancing cost-efficient intelligence},
  author={OpenAI},
  year={2024},
  url={https://openai.com/index/gpt-4o-mini-advancing-cost-efficient-intelligence/}}
}

@misc{gpt4o,
      title={GPT-4o System Card}, 
      author={OpenAI and : and Aaron Hurst and Adam Lerer and Adam P. Goucher and Adam Perelman and Aditya Ramesh and Aidan Clark and AJ Ostrow and Akila Welihinda and Alan Hayes and Alec Radford and Aleksander Mądry and Alex Baker-Whitcomb and Alex Beutel and Alex Borzunov and Alex Carney and Alex Chow and Alex Kirillov and Alex Nichol and Alex Paino and Alex Renzin and Alex Tachard Passos and Alexander Kirillov and Alexi Christakis and Alexis Conneau and Ali Kamali and Allan Jabri and Allison Moyer and Allison Tam and Amadou Crookes and Amin Tootoochian and Amin Tootoonchian and Ananya Kumar and Andrea Vallone and Andrej Karpathy and Andrew Braunstein and Andrew Cann and Andrew Codispoti and Andrew Galu and Andrew Kondrich and Andrew Tulloch and Andrey Mishchenko and Angela Baek and Angela Jiang and Antoine Pelisse and Antonia Woodford and Anuj Gosalia and Arka Dhar and Ashley Pantuliano and Avi Nayak and Avital Oliver and Barret Zoph and Behrooz Ghorbani and Ben Leimberger and Ben Rossen and Ben Sokolowsky and Ben Wang and Benjamin Zweig and Beth Hoover and Blake Samic and Bob McGrew and Bobby Spero and Bogo Giertler and Bowen Cheng and Brad Lightcap and Brandon Walkin and Brendan Quinn and Brian Guarraci and Brian Hsu and Bright Kellogg and Brydon Eastman and Camillo Lugaresi and Carroll Wainwright and Cary Bassin and Cary Hudson and Casey Chu and Chad Nelson and Chak Li and Chan Jun Shern and Channing Conger and Charlotte Barette and Chelsea Voss and Chen Ding and Cheng Lu and Chong Zhang and Chris Beaumont and Chris Hallacy and Chris Koch and Christian Gibson and Christina Kim and Christine Choi and Christine McLeavey and Christopher Hesse and Claudia Fischer and Clemens Winter and Coley Czarnecki and Colin Jarvis and Colin Wei and Constantin Koumouzelis and Dane Sherburn and Daniel Kappler and Daniel Levin and Daniel Levy and David Carr and David Farhi and David Mely and David Robinson and David Sasaki and Denny Jin and Dev Valladares and Dimitris Tsipras and Doug Li and Duc Phong Nguyen and Duncan Findlay and Edede Oiwoh and Edmund Wong and Ehsan Asdar and Elizabeth Proehl and Elizabeth Yang and Eric Antonow and Eric Kramer and Eric Peterson and Eric Sigler and Eric Wallace and Eugene Brevdo and Evan Mays and Farzad Khorasani and Felipe Petroski Such and Filippo Raso and Francis Zhang and Fred von Lohmann and Freddie Sulit and Gabriel Goh and Gene Oden and Geoff Salmon and Giulio Starace and Greg Brockman and Hadi Salman and Haiming Bao and Haitang Hu and Hannah Wong and Haoyu Wang and Heather Schmidt and Heather Whitney and Heewoo Jun and Hendrik Kirchner and Henrique Ponde de Oliveira Pinto and Hongyu Ren and Huiwen Chang and Hyung Won Chung and Ian Kivlichan and Ian O'Connell and Ian O'Connell and Ian Osband and Ian Silber and Ian Sohl and Ibrahim Okuyucu and Ikai Lan and Ilya Kostrikov and Ilya Sutskever and Ingmar Kanitscheider and Ishaan Gulrajani and Jacob Coxon and Jacob Menick and Jakub Pachocki and James Aung and James Betker and James Crooks and James Lennon and Jamie Kiros and Jan Leike and Jane Park and Jason Kwon and Jason Phang and Jason Teplitz and Jason Wei and Jason Wolfe and Jay Chen and Jeff Harris and Jenia Varavva and Jessica Gan Lee and Jessica Shieh and Ji Lin and Jiahui Yu and Jiayi Weng and Jie Tang and Jieqi Yu and Joanne Jang and Joaquin Quinonero Candela and Joe Beutler and Joe Landers and Joel Parish and Johannes Heidecke and John Schulman and Jonathan Lachman and Jonathan McKay and Jonathan Uesato and Jonathan Ward and Jong Wook Kim and Joost Huizinga and Jordan Sitkin and Jos Kraaijeveld and Josh Gross and Josh Kaplan and Josh Snyder and Joshua Achiam and Joy Jiao and Joyce Lee and Juntang Zhuang and Justyn Harriman and Kai Fricke and Kai Hayashi and Karan Singhal and Katy Shi and Kavin Karthik and Kayla Wood and Kendra Rimbach and Kenny Hsu and Kenny Nguyen and Keren Gu-Lemberg and Kevin Button and Kevin Liu and Kiel Howe and Krithika Muthukumar and Kyle Luther and Lama Ahmad and Larry Kai and Lauren Itow and Lauren Workman and Leher Pathak and Leo Chen and Li Jing and Lia Guy and Liam Fedus and Liang Zhou and Lien Mamitsuka and Lilian Weng and Lindsay McCallum and Lindsey Held and Long Ouyang and Louis Feuvrier and Lu Zhang and Lukas Kondraciuk and Lukasz Kaiser and Luke Hewitt and Luke Metz and Lyric Doshi and Mada Aflak and Maddie Simens and Madelaine Boyd and Madeleine Thompson and Marat Dukhan and Mark Chen and Mark Gray and Mark Hudnall and Marvin Zhang and Marwan Aljubeh and Mateusz Litwin and Matthew Zeng and Max Johnson and Maya Shetty and Mayank Gupta and Meghan Shah and Mehmet Yatbaz and Meng Jia Yang and Mengchao Zhong and Mia Glaese and Mianna Chen and Michael Janner and Michael Lampe and Michael Petrov and Michael Wu and Michele Wang and Michelle Fradin and Michelle Pokrass and Miguel Castro and Miguel Oom Temudo de Castro and Mikhail Pavlov and Miles Brundage and Miles Wang and Minal Khan and Mira Murati and Mo Bavarian and Molly Lin and Murat Yesildal and Nacho Soto and Natalia Gimelshein and Natalie Cone and Natalie Staudacher and Natalie Summers and Natan LaFontaine and Neil Chowdhury and Nick Ryder and Nick Stathas and Nick Turley and Nik Tezak and Niko Felix and Nithanth Kudige and Nitish Keskar and Noah Deutsch and Noel Bundick and Nora Puckett and Ofir Nachum and Ola Okelola and Oleg Boiko and Oleg Murk and Oliver Jaffe and Olivia Watkins and Olivier Godement and Owen Campbell-Moore and Patrick Chao and Paul McMillan and Pavel Belov and Peng Su and Peter Bak and Peter Bakkum and Peter Deng and Peter Dolan and Peter Hoeschele and Peter Welinder and Phil Tillet and Philip Pronin and Philippe Tillet and Prafulla Dhariwal and Qiming Yuan and Rachel Dias and Rachel Lim and Rahul Arora and Rajan Troll and Randall Lin and Rapha Gontijo Lopes and Raul Puri and Reah Miyara and Reimar Leike and Renaud Gaubert and Reza Zamani and Ricky Wang and Rob Donnelly and Rob Honsby and Rocky Smith and Rohan Sahai and Rohit Ramchandani and Romain Huet and Rory Carmichael and Rowan Zellers and Roy Chen and Ruby Chen and Ruslan Nigmatullin and Ryan Cheu and Saachi Jain and Sam Altman and Sam Schoenholz and Sam Toizer and Samuel Miserendino and Sandhini Agarwal and Sara Culver and Scott Ethersmith and Scott Gray and Sean Grove and Sean Metzger and Shamez Hermani and Shantanu Jain and Shengjia Zhao and Sherwin Wu and Shino Jomoto and Shirong Wu and Shuaiqi and Xia and Sonia Phene and Spencer Papay and Srinivas Narayanan and Steve Coffey and Steve Lee and Stewart Hall and Suchir Balaji and Tal Broda and Tal Stramer and Tao Xu and Tarun Gogineni and Taya Christianson and Ted Sanders and Tejal Patwardhan and Thomas Cunninghman and Thomas Degry and Thomas Dimson and Thomas Raoux and Thomas Shadwell and Tianhao Zheng and Todd Underwood and Todor Markov and Toki Sherbakov and Tom Rubin and Tom Stasi and Tomer Kaftan and Tristan Heywood and Troy Peterson and Tyce Walters and Tyna Eloundou and Valerie Qi and Veit Moeller and Vinnie Monaco and Vishal Kuo and Vlad Fomenko and Wayne Chang and Weiyi Zheng and Wenda Zhou and Wesam Manassra and Will Sheu and Wojciech Zaremba and Yash Patil and Yilei Qian and Yongjik Kim and Youlong Cheng and Yu Zhang and Yuchen He and Yuchen Zhang and Yujia Jin and Yunxing Dai and Yury Malkov},
      year={2024},
      eprint={2410.21276},
      archivePrefix={arXiv},
      primaryClass={cs.CL},
      url={https://arxiv.org/abs/2410.21276}, 
}

% Gemma
@misc{gemma,
      title={Gemma 3 Technical Report}, 
      author={Gemma Team and Aishwarya Kamath and Johan Ferret and Shreya Pathak and Nino Vieillard and Ramona Merhej and Sarah Perrin and Tatiana Matejovicova and Alexandre Ramé and Morgane Rivière and Louis Rouillard and Thomas Mesnard and Geoffrey Cideron and Jean-bastien Grill and Sabela Ramos and Edouard Yvinec and Michelle Casbon and Etienne Pot and Ivo Penchev and Gaël Liu and Francesco Visin and Kathleen Kenealy and Lucas Beyer and Xiaohai Zhai and Anton Tsitsulin and Robert Busa-Fekete and Alex Feng and Noveen Sachdeva and Benjamin Coleman and Yi Gao and Basil Mustafa and Iain Barr and Emilio Parisotto and David Tian and Matan Eyal and Colin Cherry and Jan-Thorsten Peter and Danila Sinopalnikov and Surya Bhupatiraju and Rishabh Agarwal and Mehran Kazemi and Dan Malkin and Ravin Kumar and David Vilar and Idan Brusilovsky and Jiaming Luo and Andreas Steiner and Abe Friesen and Abhanshu Sharma and Abheesht Sharma and Adi Mayrav Gilady and Adrian Goedeckemeyer and Alaa Saade and Alex Feng and Alexander Kolesnikov and Alexei Bendebury and Alvin Abdagic and Amit Vadi and András György and André Susano Pinto and Anil Das and Ankur Bapna and Antoine Miech and Antoine Yang and Antonia Paterson and Ashish Shenoy and Ayan Chakrabarti and Bilal Piot and Bo Wu and Bobak Shahriari and Bryce Petrini and Charlie Chen and Charline Le Lan and Christopher A. Choquette-Choo and CJ Carey and Cormac Brick and Daniel Deutsch and Danielle Eisenbud and Dee Cattle and Derek Cheng and Dimitris Paparas and Divyashree Shivakumar Sreepathihalli and Doug Reid and Dustin Tran and Dustin Zelle and Eric Noland and Erwin Huizenga and Eugene Kharitonov and Frederick Liu and Gagik Amirkhanyan and Glenn Cameron and Hadi Hashemi and Hanna Klimczak-Plucińska and Harman Singh and Harsh Mehta and Harshal Tushar Lehri and Hussein Hazimeh and Ian Ballantyne and Idan Szpektor and Ivan Nardini and Jean Pouget-Abadie and Jetha Chan and Joe Stanton and John Wieting and Jonathan Lai and Jordi Orbay and Joseph Fernandez and Josh Newlan and Ju-yeong Ji and Jyotinder Singh and Kat Black and Kathy Yu and Kevin Hui and Kiran Vodrahalli and Klaus Greff and Linhai Qiu and Marcella Valentine and Marina Coelho and Marvin Ritter and Matt Hoffman and Matthew Watson and Mayank Chaturvedi and Michael Moynihan and Min Ma and Nabila Babar and Natasha Noy and Nathan Byrd and Nick Roy and Nikola Momchev and Nilay Chauhan and Noveen Sachdeva and Oskar Bunyan and Pankil Botarda and Paul Caron and Paul Kishan Rubenstein and Phil Culliton and Philipp Schmid and Pier Giuseppe Sessa and Pingmei Xu and Piotr Stanczyk and Pouya Tafti and Rakesh Shivanna and Renjie Wu and Renke Pan and Reza Rokni and Rob Willoughby and Rohith Vallu and Ryan Mullins and Sammy Jerome and Sara Smoot and Sertan Girgin and Shariq Iqbal and Shashir Reddy and Shruti Sheth and Siim Põder and Sijal Bhatnagar and Sindhu Raghuram Panyam and Sivan Eiger and Susan Zhang and Tianqi Liu and Trevor Yacovone and Tyler Liechty and Uday Kalra and Utku Evci and Vedant Misra and Vincent Roseberry and Vlad Feinberg and Vlad Kolesnikov and Woohyun Han and Woosuk Kwon and Xi Chen and Yinlam Chow and Yuvein Zhu and Zichuan Wei and Zoltan Egyed and Victor Cotruta and Minh Giang and Phoebe Kirk and Anand Rao and Kat Black and Nabila Babar and Jessica Lo and Erica Moreira and Luiz Gustavo Martins and Omar Sanseviero and Lucas Gonzalez and Zach Gleicher and Tris Warkentin and Vahab Mirrokni and Evan Senter and Eli Collins and Joelle Barral and Zoubin Ghahramani and Raia Hadsell and Yossi Matias and D. Sculley and Slav Petrov and Noah Fiedel and Noam Shazeer and Oriol Vinyals and Jeff Dean and Demis Hassabis and Koray Kavukcuoglu and Clement Farabet and Elena Buchatskaya and Jean-Baptiste Alayrac and Rohan Anil and Dmitry and Lepikhin and Sebastian Borgeaud and Olivier Bachem and Armand Joulin and Alek Andreev and Cassidy Hardin and Robert Dadashi and Léonard Hussenot},
      year={2025},
      eprint={2503.19786},
      archivePrefix={arXiv},
      primaryClass={cs.CL},
      url={https://arxiv.org/abs/2503.19786}, 
}

% llama
@misc{llama,
      title={The Llama 3 Herd of Models}, 
      author={Aaron Grattafiori and Abhimanyu Dubey and Abhinav Jauhri and Abhinav Pandey and Abhishek Kadian and Ahmad Al-Dahle and Aiesha Letman and Akhil Mathur and Alan Schelten and Alex Vaughan and Amy Yang and Angela Fan and Anirudh Goyal and Anthony Hartshorn and Aobo Yang and Archi Mitra and Archie Sravankumar and Artem Korenev and Arthur Hinsvark and Arun Rao and Aston Zhang and Aurelien Rodriguez and Austen Gregerson and Ava Spataru and Baptiste Roziere and Bethany Biron and Binh Tang and Bobbie Chern and Charlotte Caucheteux and Chaya Nayak and Chloe Bi and Chris Marra and Chris McConnell and Christian Keller and Christophe Touret and Chunyang Wu and Corinne Wong and Cristian Canton Ferrer and Cyrus Nikolaidis and Damien Allonsius and Daniel Song and Danielle Pintz and Danny Livshits and Danny Wyatt and David Esiobu and Dhruv Choudhary and Dhruv Mahajan and Diego Garcia-Olano and Diego Perino and Dieuwke Hupkes and Egor Lakomkin and Ehab AlBadawy and Elina Lobanova and Emily Dinan and Eric Michael Smith and Filip Radenovic and Francisco Guzmán and Frank Zhang and Gabriel Synnaeve and Gabrielle Lee and Georgia Lewis Anderson and Govind Thattai and Graeme Nail and Gregoire Mialon and Guan Pang and Guillem Cucurell and Hailey Nguyen and Hannah Korevaar and Hu Xu and Hugo Touvron and Iliyan Zarov and Imanol Arrieta Ibarra and Isabel Kloumann and Ishan Misra and Ivan Evtimov and Jack Zhang and Jade Copet and Jaewon Lee and Jan Geffert and Jana Vranes and Jason Park and Jay Mahadeokar and Jeet Shah and Jelmer van der Linde and Jennifer Billock and Jenny Hong and Jenya Lee and Jeremy Fu and Jianfeng Chi and Jianyu Huang and Jiawen Liu and Jie Wang and Jiecao Yu and Joanna Bitton and Joe Spisak and Jongsoo Park and Joseph Rocca and Joshua Johnstun and Joshua Saxe and Junteng Jia and Kalyan Vasuden Alwala and Karthik Prasad and Kartikeya Upasani and Kate Plawiak and Ke Li and Kenneth Heafield and Kevin Stone and Khalid El-Arini and Krithika Iyer and Kshitiz Malik and Kuenley Chiu and Kunal Bhalla and Kushal Lakhotia and Lauren Rantala-Yeary and Laurens van der Maaten and Lawrence Chen and Liang Tan and Liz Jenkins and Louis Martin and Lovish Madaan and Lubo Malo and Lukas Blecher and Lukas Landzaat and Luke de Oliveira and Madeline Muzzi and Mahesh Pasupuleti and Mannat Singh and Manohar Paluri and Marcin Kardas and Maria Tsimpoukelli and Mathew Oldham and Mathieu Rita and Maya Pavlova and Melanie Kambadur and Mike Lewis and Min Si and Mitesh Kumar Singh and Mona Hassan and Naman Goyal and Narjes Torabi and Nikolay Bashlykov and Nikolay Bogoychev and Niladri Chatterji and Ning Zhang and Olivier Duchenne and Onur Çelebi and Patrick Alrassy and Pengchuan Zhang and Pengwei Li and Petar Vasic and Peter Weng and Prajjwal Bhargava and Pratik Dubal and Praveen Krishnan and Punit Singh Koura and Puxin Xu and Qing He and Qingxiao Dong and Ragavan Srinivasan and Raj Ganapathy and Ramon Calderer and Ricardo Silveira Cabral and Robert Stojnic and Roberta Raileanu and Rohan Maheswari and Rohit Girdhar and Rohit Patel and Romain Sauvestre and Ronnie Polidoro and Roshan Sumbaly and Ross Taylor and Ruan Silva and Rui Hou and Rui Wang and Saghar Hosseini and Sahana Chennabasappa and Sanjay Singh and Sean Bell and Seohyun Sonia Kim and Sergey Edunov and Shaoliang Nie and Sharan Narang and Sharath Raparthy and Sheng Shen and Shengye Wan and Shruti Bhosale and Shun Zhang and Simon Vandenhende and Soumya Batra and Spencer Whitman and Sten Sootla and Stephane Collot and Suchin Gururangan and Sydney Borodinsky and Tamar Herman and Tara Fowler and Tarek Sheasha and Thomas Georgiou and Thomas Scialom and Tobias Speckbacher and Todor Mihaylov and Tong Xiao and Ujjwal Karn and Vedanuj Goswami and Vibhor Gupta and Vignesh Ramanathan and Viktor Kerkez and Vincent Gonguet and Virginie Do and Vish Vogeti and Vítor Albiero and Vladan Petrovic and Weiwei Chu and Wenhan Xiong and Wenyin Fu and Whitney Meers and Xavier Martinet and Xiaodong Wang and Xiaofang Wang and Xiaoqing Ellen Tan and Xide Xia and Xinfeng Xie and Xuchao Jia and Xuewei Wang and Yaelle Goldschlag and Yashesh Gaur and Yasmine Babaei and Yi Wen and Yiwen Song and Yuchen Zhang and Yue Li and Yuning Mao and Zacharie Delpierre Coudert and Zheng Yan and Zhengxing Chen and Zoe Papakipos and Aaditya Singh and Aayushi Srivastava and Abha Jain and Adam Kelsey and Adam Shajnfeld and Adithya Gangidi and Adolfo Victoria and Ahuva Goldstand and Ajay Menon and Ajay Sharma and Alex Boesenberg and Alexei Baevski and Allie Feinstein and Amanda Kallet and Amit Sangani and Amos Teo and Anam Yunus and Andrei Lupu and Andres Alvarado and Andrew Caples and Andrew Gu and Andrew Ho and Andrew Poulton and Andrew Ryan and Ankit Ramchandani and Annie Dong and Annie Franco and Anuj Goyal and Aparajita Saraf and Arkabandhu Chowdhury and Ashley Gabriel and Ashwin Bharambe and Assaf Eisenman and Azadeh Yazdan and Beau James and Ben Maurer and Benjamin Leonhardi and Bernie Huang and Beth Loyd and Beto De Paola and Bhargavi Paranjape and Bing Liu and Bo Wu and Boyu Ni and Braden Hancock and Bram Wasti and Brandon Spence and Brani Stojkovic and Brian Gamido and Britt Montalvo and Carl Parker and Carly Burton and Catalina Mejia and Ce Liu and Changhan Wang and Changkyu Kim and Chao Zhou and Chester Hu and Ching-Hsiang Chu and Chris Cai and Chris Tindal and Christoph Feichtenhofer and Cynthia Gao and Damon Civin and Dana Beaty and Daniel Kreymer and Daniel Li and David Adkins and David Xu and Davide Testuggine and Delia David and Devi Parikh and Diana Liskovich and Didem Foss and Dingkang Wang and Duc Le and Dustin Holland and Edward Dowling and Eissa Jamil and Elaine Montgomery and Eleonora Presani and Emily Hahn and Emily Wood and Eric-Tuan Le and Erik Brinkman and Esteban Arcaute and Evan Dunbar and Evan Smothers and Fei Sun and Felix Kreuk and Feng Tian and Filippos Kokkinos and Firat Ozgenel and Francesco Caggioni and Frank Kanayet and Frank Seide and Gabriela Medina Florez and Gabriella Schwarz and Gada Badeer and Georgia Swee and Gil Halpern and Grant Herman and Grigory Sizov and Guangyi and Zhang and Guna Lakshminarayanan and Hakan Inan and Hamid Shojanazeri and Han Zou and Hannah Wang and Hanwen Zha and Haroun Habeeb and Harrison Rudolph and Helen Suk and Henry Aspegren and Hunter Goldman and Hongyuan Zhan and Ibrahim Damlaj and Igor Molybog and Igor Tufanov and Ilias Leontiadis and Irina-Elena Veliche and Itai Gat and Jake Weissman and James Geboski and James Kohli and Janice Lam and Japhet Asher and Jean-Baptiste Gaya and Jeff Marcus and Jeff Tang and Jennifer Chan and Jenny Zhen and Jeremy Reizenstein and Jeremy Teboul and Jessica Zhong and Jian Jin and Jingyi Yang and Joe Cummings and Jon Carvill and Jon Shepard and Jonathan McPhie and Jonathan Torres and Josh Ginsburg and Junjie Wang and Kai Wu and Kam Hou U and Karan Saxena and Kartikay Khandelwal and Katayoun Zand and Kathy Matosich and Kaushik Veeraraghavan and Kelly Michelena and Keqian Li and Kiran Jagadeesh and Kun Huang and Kunal Chawla and Kyle Huang and Lailin Chen and Lakshya Garg and Lavender A and Leandro Silva and Lee Bell and Lei Zhang and Liangpeng Guo and Licheng Yu and Liron Moshkovich and Luca Wehrstedt and Madian Khabsa and Manav Avalani and Manish Bhatt and Martynas Mankus and Matan Hasson and Matthew Lennie and Matthias Reso and Maxim Groshev and Maxim Naumov and Maya Lathi and Meghan Keneally and Miao Liu and Michael L. Seltzer and Michal Valko and Michelle Restrepo and Mihir Patel and Mik Vyatskov and Mikayel Samvelyan and Mike Clark and Mike Macey and Mike Wang and Miquel Jubert Hermoso and Mo Metanat and Mohammad Rastegari and Munish Bansal and Nandhini Santhanam and Natascha Parks and Natasha White and Navyata Bawa and Nayan Singhal and Nick Egebo and Nicolas Usunier and Nikhil Mehta and Nikolay Pavlovich Laptev and Ning Dong and Norman Cheng and Oleg Chernoguz and Olivia Hart and Omkar Salpekar and Ozlem Kalinli and Parkin Kent and Parth Parekh and Paul Saab and Pavan Balaji and Pedro Rittner and Philip Bontrager and Pierre Roux and Piotr Dollar and Polina Zvyagina and Prashant Ratanchandani and Pritish Yuvraj and Qian Liang and Rachad Alao and Rachel Rodriguez and Rafi Ayub and Raghotham Murthy and Raghu Nayani and Rahul Mitra and Rangaprabhu Parthasarathy and Raymond Li and Rebekkah Hogan and Robin Battey and Rocky Wang and Russ Howes and Ruty Rinott and Sachin Mehta and Sachin Siby and Sai Jayesh Bondu and Samyak Datta and Sara Chugh and Sara Hunt and Sargun Dhillon and Sasha Sidorov and Satadru Pan and Saurabh Mahajan and Saurabh Verma and Seiji Yamamoto and Sharadh Ramaswamy and Shaun Lindsay and Shaun Lindsay and Sheng Feng and Shenghao Lin and Shengxin Cindy Zha and Shishir Patil and Shiva Shankar and Shuqiang Zhang and Shuqiang Zhang and Sinong Wang and Sneha Agarwal and Soji Sajuyigbe and Soumith Chintala and Stephanie Max and Stephen Chen and Steve Kehoe and Steve Satterfield and Sudarshan Govindaprasad and Sumit Gupta and Summer Deng and Sungmin Cho and Sunny Virk and Suraj Subramanian and Sy Choudhury and Sydney Goldman and Tal Remez and Tamar Glaser and Tamara Best and Thilo Koehler and Thomas Robinson and Tianhe Li and Tianjun Zhang and Tim Matthews and Timothy Chou and Tzook Shaked and Varun Vontimitta and Victoria Ajayi and Victoria Montanez and Vijai Mohan and Vinay Satish Kumar and Vishal Mangla and Vlad Ionescu and Vlad Poenaru and Vlad Tiberiu Mihailescu and Vladimir Ivanov and Wei Li and Wenchen Wang and Wenwen Jiang and Wes Bouaziz and Will Constable and Xiaocheng Tang and Xiaojian Wu and Xiaolan Wang and Xilun Wu and Xinbo Gao and Yaniv Kleinman and Yanjun Chen and Ye Hu and Ye Jia and Ye Qi and Yenda Li and Yilin Zhang and Ying Zhang and Yossi Adi and Youngjin Nam and Yu and Wang and Yu Zhao and Yuchen Hao and Yundi Qian and Yunlu Li and Yuzi He and Zach Rait and Zachary DeVito and Zef Rosnbrick and Zhaoduo Wen and Zhenyu Yang and Zhiwei Zhao and Zhiyu Ma},
      year={2024},
      eprint={2407.21783},
      archivePrefix={arXiv},
      primaryClass={cs.AI},
      url={https://arxiv.org/abs/2407.21783}, 
}

% midm
@misc{midm,
      title={Mi:dm 2.0 Korea-centric Bilingual Language Models}, 
      author={Donghoon Shin and Sejung Lee and Soonmin Bae and Hwijung Ryu and Changwon Ok and Hoyoun Jung and Hyesung Ji and Jeehyun Lim and Jehoon Lee and Ji-Eun Han and Jisoo Baik and Mihyeon Kim and Riwoo Chung and Seongmin Lee and Wonjae Park and Yoonseok Heo and Youngkyung Seo and Seyoun Won and Boeun Kim and Cheolhun Heo and Eunkyeong Lee and Honghee Lee and Hyeongju Ju and Hyeontae Seo and Jeongyong Shim and Jisoo Lee and Junseok Koh and Junwoo Kim and Minho Lee and Minji Kang and Minju Kim and Sangha Nam and Seongheum Park and Taehyeong Kim and Euijai Ahn and Hong Seok Jeung and Jisu Shin and Jiyeon Kim and Seonyeong Song and Seung Hyun Kong and Sukjin Hong and Taeyang Yun and Yu-Seon Kim and A-Hyun Lee and Chae-Jeong Lee and Hye-Won Yu and Ji-Hyun Ahn and Song-Yeon Kim and Sun-Woo Jung and Eunju Kim and Eunji Ha and Jinwoo Baek and Yun-ji Lee and Wanjin Park and Jeong Yeop Kim and Eun Mi Kim and Hyoung Jun Park and Jung Won Yoon and Min Sung Noh and Myung Gyo Oh and Wongyoung Lee and Yun Jin Park and Young S. Kwon and Hyun Keun Kim and Jieun Lee and YeoJoo Park},
      year={2026},
      eprint={2601.09066},
      archivePrefix={arXiv},
      primaryClass={cs.CL},
      url={https://arxiv.org/abs/2601.09066}, 
}

% cyberagent/Mistral-Nemo-Japanese-Instruct-2408 (7B)
@misc{cyberagent-mistral-nemo-japanese-instruct-2408,
      title={Mistral-Nemo-Japanese-Instruct-2408},
      url={https://huggingface.co/cyberagent/Mistral-Nemo-Japanese-Instruct-2408},
      author={Ryosuke Ishigami},
      year={2024},
}

% Qwen/Qwen2.5-14B-Instruct (14B)
@misc{qwen2.5,
    title = {Qwen2.5: A Party of Foundation Models},
    url = {https://qwenlm.github.io/blog/qwen2.5/},
    author = {Qwen Team},
    month = {September},
    year = {2024}
}

% Sealion
@misc{sealion,
  title={SEA-LION (Southeast Asian Languages In One Network): A Family of Large Language Models for Southeast Asia},
  author={AI Singapore},
  year={2024},
  howpublished={\url{https://github.com/aisingapore/sealion}}
}

% tiiuae/Falcon3-10B-Instruct (10B)
@misc{Falcon3,
    title = {The Falcon 3 Family of Open Models},
    url = {https://huggingface.co/blog/falcon3},
    author = {Falcon-LLM Team},
    month = {December},
    year = {2024}
}
% mistral
@misc{mistral,
      title={Mistral 7B}, 
      author={Albert Q. Jiang and Alexandre Sablayrolles and Arthur Mensch and Chris Bamford and Devendra Singh Chaplot and Diego de las Casas and Florian Bressand and Gianna Lengyel and Guillaume Lample and Lucile Saulnier and Lélio Renard Lavaud and Marie-Anne Lachaux and Pierre Stock and Teven Le Scao and Thibaut Lavril and Thomas Wang and Timothée Lacroix and William El Sayed},
      year={2023},
      eprint={2310.06825},
      archivePrefix={arXiv},
      primaryClass={cs.CL},
      url={https://arxiv.org/abs/2310.06825}, 
}

% utter-project/EuroLLM-22B-Instruct-2512 (22B) – Europe
@misc{eurollm,
      title={EuroLLM-22B: Technical Report}, 
      author={Miguel Moura Ramos and Duarte M. Alves and Hippolyte Gisserot-Boukhlef and João Alves and Pedro Henrique Martins and Patrick Fernandes and José Pombal and Nuno M. Guerreiro and Ricardo Rei and Nicolas Boizard and Amin Farajian and Mateusz Klimaszewski and José G. C. de Souza and Barry Haddow and François Yvon and Pierre Colombo and Alexandra Birch and André F. T. Martins},
      year={2026},
      eprint={2602.05879},
      archivePrefix={arXiv},
      primaryClass={cs.CL},
      url={https://arxiv.org/abs/2602.05879}, 
}
% claude-3.5-haiku
@techreport{claude3,
  title={The Claude 3 Model Family: Opus, Sonnet, Haiku},
  author={Anthropic},
  year={2024},
  institution={Anthropic},
  url={https://www-cdn.anthropic.com/de8ba9b01c9ab7cbabf5c33b80b7bbc618857627/Model_Card_Claude_3.pdf}
}

% MasRouter
@inproceedings{masrouter,
    title = "{M}as{R}outer: Learning to Route {LLM}s for Multi-Agent Systems",
    author = "Yue, Yanwei  and
      Zhang, Guibin  and
      Liu, Boyang  and
      Wan, Guancheng  and
      Wang, Kun  and
      Cheng, Dawei  and
      Qi, Yiyan",
    editor = "Che, Wanxiang  and
      Nabende, Joyce  and
      Shutova, Ekaterina  and
      Pilehvar, Mohammad Taher",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the 63rd Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (Volume 1: Long Papers)",
    month = jul,
    year = "2025",
    address = "Vienna, Austria",
    publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
    url = "https://aclanthology.org/2025.acl-long.757/",
    doi = "10.18653/v1/2025.acl-long.757",
    pages = "15549--15572",
    ISBN = "979-8-89176-251-0",
    abstract = "Multi-agent systems (MAS) powered by Large Language Models (LLMs) have been demonstrated to push the boundaries of LLM capabilities, yet they often incur significant costs and face challenges in dynamic LLM selection. Current LLM routing methods effectively reduce overhead in single-agent scenarios by customizing LLM selection for each query, but they overlook the critical decisions regarding collaboration modes and agent roles in MAS. In response to this challenge, we first introduce the problem of \textbf{Multi-Agent System Routing (MASR)}, which integrates all components of MAS into a unified routing framework. Toward this goal, we propose MasRouter, the first high-performing, cost-effective, and inductive \textbf{MASR} solution. MasRouter employs collaboration mode determination, role allocation, and LLM routing through a cascaded controller network, progressively constructing a MAS that balances effectiveness and efficiency. Extensive experiments demonstrate that MasRouter is \textbf{(1) high-performing}, achieving a 1.8 improvement over the state-of-the-art method on MBPP; \textbf{(2) economical}, reducing overhead by up to 52.07 compared to SOTA methods on HumanEval; and \textbf{(3) plug-and-play}, seamlessly integrating with mainstream MAS frameworks, reducing overhead by 17.21 via customized routing."
}

% AOP
@inproceedings{
aop,
title={Agent-Oriented Planning in Multi-Agent Systems},
author={Ao Li and Yuexiang Xie and Songze Li and Fugee Tsung and Bolin Ding and Yaliang Li},
booktitle={The Thirteenth International Conference on Learning Representations},
year={2025},
url={https://openreview.net/forum?id=EqcLAU6gyU}
}