{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,7]],"date-time":"2025-07-07T11:25:42Z","timestamp":1751887542514},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2-3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,6,3]],"date-time":"2009-06-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1243987200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":2,"URL":"https:\/\/2.zoppoz.workers.dev:443\/http\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Computer Animation &amp; Virtual"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>We present a novel approach to the creation of varied animations from a small set of simple 2D input shapes. Instead of providing a new 2D shape for each keyframe of an animation sequence, we interpolate between a few example shapes in a reduced pose\u2010space. Similar approaches have been presented in the past, but were restricted in the types of input or range of deformations allowed. In order to address these limitations, we reformulate the problem as an N\u2010way morphing process on 2D input bitmap or vector graphics. Our formulation includes an N\u2010way mapping technique, an efficient, rigidity preserving nonlinear blending function, improved extrapolation and a novel scattered data interpolation technique to manage the reduced pose\u2010space. The resulting animations are correlated to paths in the reduced pose\u2010space, allowing users to intuitively and interactively control temporal behaviours with simple gestures. We demonstrate our techniques in several example animations. Copyright \u00a9 2009 John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/cav.310","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,6,3]],"date-time":"2009-06-03T11:17:04Z","timestamp":1244027824000},"page":"79-87","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["N\u2010way morphing for 2D animation"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"William","family":"Baxter","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pascal","family":"Barla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ken","family":"Anjyo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,6,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_2","volume-title":"The Animator's Survival Kit","author":"Williams R","year":"2001"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/364338.364382"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1073204.1073323"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-8659.2006.00967.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_2","first-page":"329","volume-title":"Proceedings of WSCG 99, Plzen","author":"Alexa M","year":"1999"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/502348.502378"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/344779.344859"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_2","volume-title":"Proceedings of the Non\u2010Photorealistic Animation and Rendering","author":"Baxter W","year":"2008"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/566570.566595"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1060244.1060274"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s003710050148"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1073368.1073383"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1186822.1073218"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1142\/S0218195993000038"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_1_16_2","first-page":"147","article-title":"High quality compatible triangulations","volume":"20","author":"Surazhsky V","year":"2004","journal-title":"Engineering With Computers"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_2"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9780511617539"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1137\/1.9781611970128"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_2","first-page":"203","volume-title":"Applied Computational Geometry: Towards Geometric Engineering, Volume 1148 of Lecture Notes in Computer Science","author":"Shewchuk JR","year":"1996"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_21_2","volume-title":"Proceedings of the Graphics Interface","author":"Shoemake K","year":"1992"}],"container-title":["Computer Animation and Virtual Worlds"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/2.zoppoz.workers.dev:443\/https\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fcav.310","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/2.zoppoz.workers.dev:443\/https\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/cav.310","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,31]],"date-time":"2023-08-31T18:15:05Z","timestamp":1693505705000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/2.zoppoz.workers.dev:443\/https\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/cav.310"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2009,6]]},"references-count":20,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2-3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/cav.310"],"URL":"https:\/\/2.zoppoz.workers.dev:443\/https\/doi.org\/10.1002\/cav.310","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1546-4261","1546-427X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1546-4261","type":"print"},{"value":"1546-427X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2009,6]]}}}