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Previous studies have shown that experts and researchers are positive toward Rapid Reviews. However, little is known about how Rapid Reviews differ from traditional Systematic Reviews.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>The goal of this paper is to compare a Rapid Review with a Systematic Review in terms of their methods (e.g., search strategy, study selection, quality assessment, and data extraction) and findings to understand how optimizing the traditional Systematic Review method impacts what we obtain with Rapid Review.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Method<\/jats:title><jats:p>To achieve this goal, we conducted a Systematic Review with the same research questions answered by a pre\u2010existing Rapid Review and compared those two studies. Also, we surveyed experts from industry and academia to evaluate the relevance of the findings obtained from both the secondary studies.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The Rapid Review lasted 6\u00a0days, while the Systematic Review took 1\u00a0year and 2\u00a0months. The main bottlenecks we identified in the Systematic Review are (i) executing the search strategy and (ii) selecting the procedure. Together, they took 10\u00a0months. The researchers had to analyze the information from 11,383 papers for the Systematic Review compared with 1973 for the Rapid Review. Still, most ( 78%) of the papers included in the Systematic Review were returned by the Rapid Review search, and some papers that could be included were unduly excluded during the Rapid Review's selection procedure. Both secondary studies identified the same number of pieces of evidence (30), but the pieces of evidence are not the same.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The Rapid Review and Systematic Review results are inherently different and complementary. The time and cost to conduct a Systematic Review can be prohibitive in experts' contexts. Thus, at least in such situations, a Rapid Review may be an adequate choice. Moreover, a Rapid Review may be executed in the experts' context as a previous low\u2010cost step before deciding to invest in a high\u2010cost Systematic Review.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/smr.2748","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,4]],"date-time":"2024-12-04T00:24:21Z","timestamp":1733271861000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/2.zoppoz.workers.dev:443\/https\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Comparing the Efficacy of Rapid Review With a Systematic Review in the Software Engineering Field"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"37","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/2.zoppoz.workers.dev:443\/https\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7733-2666","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carolline","family":"Pena","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Computer Center Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE)  Recife Pernambuco Brazil"},{"name":"Systems Analysis and Development course Instituto Federal de Pernambuco (IFPE)  Pernambuco Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bruno","family":"Cartaxo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Systems Analysis and Development course Instituto Federal de Pernambuco (IFPE)  Pernambuco Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/2.zoppoz.workers.dev:443\/https\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0612-5790","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Igor","family":"Steinmacher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Informatics, Computing, and Cyber Systems Northern Arizona University  Flagstaff Arizona USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Deepika","family":"Badampudi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Software Engineering Blekinge Institute of Technology  Karlskrona Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Deyvson","family":"da Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Computer Center Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE)  Recife Pernambuco Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Williby","family":"Ferreira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Computer Center Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE)  Recife Pernambuco Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Adauto","family":"Almeida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Software Engineering Universidade de Pernambuco (UPE)  Garanhuns Pernambuco Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fernando","family":"Kamei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Information Systems course Instituto Federal de Alagoas (IFAL)  Macei\u00f3 Alagoas Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S\u00e9rgio","family":"Soares","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Computer Center Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE)  Recife Pernambuco Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","unstructured":"B.Kitchenham T.Dyba andM.Jorgensen \u201cEvidence\u2010Based Software Engineering \u201d inProceedings of the 26th International Conference on Software Engineering ICSE '04 (2004):273\u2013281."},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1468-0009.t01-1-00052"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.infsof.2015.03.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.infsof.2010.12.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"E.Hassler J. 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