{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,28]],"date-time":"2026-07-28T15:03:21Z","timestamp":1785251001148,"version":"3.55.0"},"publisher-location":"Cham","reference-count":13,"publisher":"Springer International Publishing","isbn-type":[{"value":"9783030581466","type":"print"},{"value":"9783030581473","type":"electronic"}],"license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,1]],"date-time":"2020-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1577836800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/2.zoppoz.workers.dev:443\/https\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,5]],"date-time":"2020-09-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1599264000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":248,"URL":"https:\/\/2.zoppoz.workers.dev:443\/https\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["link.springer.com"],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>An airborne ultrasound tactile display (AUTD) can focus on an arbitrary position by controlling the phase shift and amplitude of each transducer, and provide a tactile stimulus on the human body without direct contact. However, beyond a distance from the phased array, it cannot secure a focal size comparable to the wavelength and the displayed pressure pattern blurs. In this study, we propose a method with a concave reflector to focus at a farther position and present a tactile sensation without enlarging the array. By appropriately designing the focal length of the concave reflector, the focal point can be formed at a distant position using a mirror formula while keeping the focus size non-extended. We conducted two experiments, the results of which show that the proposed method is valid and that a workspace of several square centimeters can be achieved.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-58147-3_34","type":"book-chapter","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,4]],"date-time":"2020-09-04T16:03:58Z","timestamp":1599235438000},"page":"307-315","update-policy":"https:\/\/2.zoppoz.workers.dev:443\/https\/doi.org\/10.1007\/springer_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Midair Haptic Presentation Using Concave Reflector"],"prefix":"10.1007","author":[{"given":"Kentaro","family":"Ariga","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masahiro","family":"Fujiwara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yasutoshi","family":"Makino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hiroyuki","family":"Shinoda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"297","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"34_CR1","series-title":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-25965-5_10","volume-title":"Augmented Reality, Virtual Reality, and Computer Graphics","author":"D Brice","year":"2019","unstructured":"Brice, D., McRoberts, T., Rafferty, K.: A proof of concept integrated multi-systems approach for large scale tactile feedback in VR. In: De Paolis, L.T., Bourdot, P. (eds.) AVR 2019. LNCS, vol. 11613, pp. 120\u2013137. Springer, Cham (2019). https:\/\/2.zoppoz.workers.dev:443\/https\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-030-25965-5_10"},{"issue":"3","key":"34_CR2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1109\/TOH.2018.2799220","volume":"11","author":"K Hasegawa","year":"2018","unstructured":"Hasegawa, K., Shinoda, H.: Aerial vibrotactile display based on multiunit ultrasound phased array. IEEE Trans. Haptics 11(3), 367\u2013377 (2018)","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Haptics"},{"key":"34_CR3","volume-title":"Optics","author":"E Hecht","year":"2002","unstructured":"Hecht, E.: Optics, 4th edn. Addison-Wesley, San Francisco (2002)","edition":"4"},{"issue":"3","key":"34_CR4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1109\/TOH.2010.4","volume":"3","author":"T Hoshi","year":"2010","unstructured":"Hoshi, T., Takahashi, M., Iwamoto, T., Shinoda, H.: Noncontact tactile display based on radiation pressure of airborne ultrasound. IEEE Trans. Haptics 3(3), 155\u2013165 (2010)","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Haptics"},{"key":"34_CR5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1109\/TOH.2019.2963028","volume":"13","author":"T Howard","year":"2019","unstructured":"Howard, T., Marchal, M., L\u00e9cuyer, A., Pacchierotti, C.: PUMAH: pan-tilt ultrasound mid-air haptics for larger interaction workspace in virtual reality. IEEE Trans. Haptics 13, 38\u201344 (2019)","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Haptics"},{"key":"34_CR6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Inoue, S., Makino, Y., Shinoda, H.: Active touch perception produced by airborne ultrasonic haptic hologram. In: 2015 IEEE World Haptics Conference (WHC), pp. 362\u2013367. IEEE (2015)","DOI":"10.1109\/WHC.2015.7177739"},{"key":"34_CR7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ito, Y.: Linearly convergent aerial ultrasonic source providing a variable incident angle and acoustic radiation force by standing-wave ultrasonic field. Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 48(7S), 07GM11 (2009)","DOI":"10.1143\/JJAP.48.07GM11"},{"issue":"3","key":"34_CR8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.1250\/ast.36.216","volume":"36","author":"Y Ito","year":"2015","unstructured":"Ito, Y.: High-intensity aerial ultrasonic source with a stripe-mode vibrating plate for improving convergence capability. Acoust. Sci. Technol. 36(3), 216\u2013224 (2015)","journal-title":"Acoust. Sci. Technol."},{"key":"34_CR9","series-title":"Lecture Notes in Computer Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"504","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-69057-3_64","volume-title":"Haptics: Perception, Devices and Scenarios","author":"T Iwamoto","year":"2008","unstructured":"Iwamoto, T., Tatezono, M., Shinoda, H.: Non-contact method for producing tactile sensation using airborne ultrasound. In: Ferre, M. (ed.) EuroHaptics 2008. LNCS, vol. 5024, pp. 504\u2013513. Springer, Heidelberg (2008). https:\/\/2.zoppoz.workers.dev:443\/https\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-540-69057-3_64"},{"key":"34_CR10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"7758","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2016.2608835","volume":"4","author":"G Korres","year":"2016","unstructured":"Korres, G., Eid, M.: Haptogram: ultrasonic point-cloud tactile stimulation. IEEE Access 4, 7758\u20137769 (2016)","journal-title":"IEEE Access"},{"key":"34_CR11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Monnai, Y., Hasegawa, K., Fujiwara, M., Yoshino, K., Inoue, S., Shinoda, H.: HaptoMime: mid-air haptic interaction with a floating virtual screen. In: Proceedings of the 27th Annual ACM Symposium on User Interface Software and Technology, pp. 663\u2013667 (2014)","DOI":"10.1145\/2642918.2647407"},{"issue":"3","key":"34_CR12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1365","DOI":"10.1121\/1.4928036","volume":"138","author":"A Rodriguez-Molares","year":"2015","unstructured":"Rodriguez-Molares, A., L\u00f8vstakken, L., Ekroll, I.K., Torp, H.: Reconstruction of specular reflectors by iterative image source localization. J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 138(3), 1365\u20131378 (2015)","journal-title":"J. Acoust. Soc. Am."},{"key":"34_CR13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Suzuki, S., Takahashi, R., Nakajima, M., Hasegawa, K., Makino, Y., Shinoda, H.: Midair haptic display to human upper body. In: 2018 57th Annual Conference of the Society of Instrument and Control Engineers of Japan (SICE), pp. 848\u2013853. IEEE (2018)","DOI":"10.23919\/SICE.2018.8492582"}],"container-title":["Lecture Notes in Computer Science","Haptics: Science, Technology, Applications"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/2.zoppoz.workers.dev:443\/https\/link.springer.com\/content\/pdf\/10.1007\/978-3-030-58147-3_34","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,7]],"date-time":"2024-03-07T15:39:19Z","timestamp":1709825959000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/2.zoppoz.workers.dev:443\/https\/link.springer.com\/10.1007\/978-3-030-58147-3_34"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020]]},"ISBN":["9783030581466","9783030581473"],"references-count":13,"URL":"https:\/\/2.zoppoz.workers.dev:443\/https\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-030-58147-3_34","relation":{},"ISSN":["0302-9743","1611-3349"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0302-9743","type":"print"},{"value":"1611-3349","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020]]},"assertion":[{"value":"5 September 2020","order":1,"name":"first_online","label":"First Online","group":{"name":"ChapterHistory","label":"Chapter History"}},{"value":"EuroHaptics","order":1,"name":"conference_acronym","label":"Conference Acronym","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"International Conference on Human Haptic Sensing and Touch Enabled Computer Applications","order":2,"name":"conference_name","label":"Conference Name","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"Leiden","order":3,"name":"conference_city","label":"Conference City","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"The Netherlands","order":4,"name":"conference_country","label":"Conference Country","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"2020","order":5,"name":"conference_year","label":"Conference Year","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"6 September 2020","order":7,"name":"conference_start_date","label":"Conference Start Date","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"9 September 2020","order":8,"name":"conference_end_date","label":"Conference End Date","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"12","order":9,"name":"conference_number","label":"Conference Number","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"eurohaptics2020","order":10,"name":"conference_id","label":"Conference ID","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"https:\/\/2.zoppoz.workers.dev:443\/http\/eurohaptics2020.org\/","order":11,"name":"conference_url","label":"Conference URL","group":{"name":"ConferenceInfo","label":"Conference Information"}},{"value":"Single-blind","order":1,"name":"type","label":"Type","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}},{"value":"Microsoft","order":2,"name":"conference_management_system","label":"Conference Management System","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}},{"value":"111","order":3,"name":"number_of_submissions_sent_for_review","label":"Number of Submissions Sent for Review","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}},{"value":"60","order":4,"name":"number_of_full_papers_accepted","label":"Number of Full Papers Accepted","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}},{"value":"0","order":5,"name":"number_of_short_papers_accepted","label":"Number of Short Papers Accepted","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}},{"value":"54% - The value is computed by the equation \"Number of Full Papers Accepted \/ Number of Submissions Sent for Review * 100\" and then rounded to a whole number.","order":6,"name":"acceptance_rate_of_full_papers","label":"Acceptance Rate of Full Papers","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}},{"value":"2,7","order":7,"name":"average_number_of_reviews_per_paper","label":"Average Number of Reviews per Paper","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}},{"value":"1,4","order":8,"name":"average_number_of_papers_per_reviewer","label":"Average Number of Papers per Reviewer","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}},{"value":"Yes","order":9,"name":"external_reviewers_involved","label":"External Reviewers Involved","group":{"name":"ConfEventPeerReviewInformation","label":"Peer Review Information (provided by the conference organizers)"}}]}}