{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,15]],"date-time":"2026-06-15T18:15:56Z","timestamp":1781547356931,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,2,1]],"date-time":"2016-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1454284800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/2.zoppoz.workers.dev:443\/https\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,2,1]],"date-time":"2016-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1454284800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/2.zoppoz.workers.dev:443\/https\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Computers in Human Behavior"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,2]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.chb.2015.08.009","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,14]],"date-time":"2015-09-14T01:45:29Z","timestamp":1442195129000},"page":"62-68","update-policy":"https:\/\/2.zoppoz.workers.dev:443\/https\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":39,"special_numbering":"PA","title":["Exploring hope and expectations in the youth mental health online counselling environment"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"55","author":[{"given":"Mitchell","family":"Dowling","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Debra","family":"Rickwood","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.chb.2015.08.009_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"494","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-842X.2001.tb00310.x","article-title":"Interpreting scores on the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K10)","volume":"25","author":"Andrews","year":"2001","journal-title":"Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"10.1016\/j.chb.2015.08.009_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1007\/s10488-011-0390-8","article-title":"Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS) in caregivers of clinically-referred youth: psychometric properties and mediation analysis","volume":"39","author":"Athay","year":"2012","journal-title":"Administration and Policy in Mental Health"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.chb.2015.08.009_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1037\/a0014455","article-title":"The hour of departure: predicting attrition in the training clinic from role expectancies","volume":"3","author":"Aubuchon-Endsley","year":"2009","journal-title":"Training and Education in Professional Psychology"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.chb.2015.08.009_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1080\/14733140802055011","article-title":"Online counselling: the experience of counsellors providing synchronous single-session counselling to young people","volume":"8","author":"Bambling","year":"2008","journal-title":"Counselling and Psychotherapy Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chb.2015.08.009_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1007\/s12160-009-9130-7","article-title":"Defining internet-supported therapeutic interventions","volume":"38","author":"Barak","year":"2009","journal-title":"Annals of Behavioral Medicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chb.2015.08.009_bib6","series-title":"Manual of the Peabody treatment progress battery","author":"Bickman","year":"2010"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chb.2015.08.009_bib7","series-title":"Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences","author":"Cohen","year":"1988"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.chb.2015.08.009_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.1002\/jclp.20754","article-title":"Expectations","volume":"67","author":"Constantino","year":"2011","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Psychology"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"10.1016\/j.chb.2015.08.009_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"90","DOI":"10.1007\/s10488-012-0406-z","article-title":"Validation and use of the youth and caregiver Treatment Outcome Expectations Scale (TOES) to assess the relationships between expectations, pretreatment characteristics, and outcomes","volume":"39","author":"Dew-Reeves","year":"2012","journal-title":"Administration and Policy in Mental Health"},{"issue":"1\u20132","key":"10.1016\/j.chb.2015.08.009_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1007\/s10488-012-0411-2","article-title":"Validation and use of the Children's Hope Scale-revised PTPB edition (CHS-PTPB): high initial youth hope and elevated baseline symptomatology predict poor treatment outcomes","volume":"39","author":"Dew-Reeves","year":"2012","journal-title":"Administration and Policy in Mental Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.chb.2015.08.009_bib11","first-page":"1","article-title":"Online counseling and therapy for mental health problems: a systematic review of individual synchronous interventions using chat","volume":"31","author":"Dowling","year":"2013","journal-title":"Journal of Technology in Human Sciences"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.chb.2015.08.009_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"745","DOI":"10.1007\/s10902-011-9292-4","article-title":"Can hope be changed in 90 minutes? Testing the efficacy of a single-session goal-pursuit intervention for college students","volume":"13","author":"Feldman","year":"2012","journal-title":"Journal of Happiness Studies"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.chb.2015.08.009_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"479","DOI":"10.1521\/jscp.2009.28.4.479","article-title":"Hope and goal attainment: testing a basic prediction of hope theory","volume":"28","author":"Feldman","year":"2009","journal-title":"Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.chb.2015.08.009_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1037\/h0055434","article-title":"A\u00a0theoretical interpretation of shifts in level of aspiration","volume":"49","author":"Festinger","year":"1942","journal-title":"Psychological Review"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.chb.2015.08.009_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"759","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-7610.2008.02024.x","article-title":"Children's experiences with chat support and telephone support","volume":"50","author":"Fukkink","year":"2009","journal-title":"Journal of Child Psychology & Psychiatry"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.chb.2015.08.009_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1099-0992(200001\/02)30:1<123::AID-EJSP981>3.0.CO;2-T","article-title":"The reinstatement of dissonance and psychological discomfort following failed affirmations","volume":"30","author":"Galinsky","year":"2000","journal-title":"European Journal of Social Psychology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chb.2015.08.009_bib42","series-title":"Handbook of psychotherapy and behavior change","first-page":"190","article-title":"Research on client variables in psychotherapy","author":"Garfield","year":"1994"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.chb.2015.08.009_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"652","DOI":"10.1521\/soco.2012.30.6.652","article-title":"Back to the future of dissonance theory: cognitive consistency as a core motive","volume":"30","author":"Gawronski","year":"2012","journal-title":"Social Cognition"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.chb.2015.08.009_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1037\/0003-066X.59.2.93","article-title":"Should we trust web-based studies? A comparative analysis of six preconceptions about internet questionnaires","volume":"59","author":"Gosling","year":"2004","journal-title":"American Psychologist"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.chb.2015.08.009_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"372","DOI":"10.1037\/0735-7028.21.5.372","article-title":"Where are the commonalities among the therapeutic common factors?","volume":"21","author":"Grencavage","year":"1990","journal-title":"Professional Psychology: Research and Practice"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.chb.2015.08.009_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1080\/14733145.2011.560273","article-title":"Understanding the online therapeutic alliance through the eyes of adolescent service users","volume":"12","author":"Hanley","year":"2011","journal-title":"Counselling and Psychotherapy Research"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.chb.2015.08.009_bib43","first-page":"329","article-title":"The psychotherapy dose-response effect and its implications for treatment delivery services","volume":"9","author":"Hansen","year":"2002","journal-title":"Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.chb.2015.08.009_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"419","DOI":"10.1037\/1053-0479.14.4.419","article-title":"The relationships between hope and outcomes at the pretreatment, beginning, and later phases of psychotherapy","volume":"14","author":"Irving","year":"2004","journal-title":"Journal of Psychotherapy Integration"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.chb.2015.08.009_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"959","DOI":"10.1017\/S0033291702006074","article-title":"Short screening scales to monitor population prevalences and trends in non-specific psychological distress","volume":"32","author":"Kessler","year":"2002","journal-title":"Psychological Medicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chb.2015.08.009_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"593","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.62.6.593","article-title":"Lifetime prevalence and age-of-onset distributions of DSM-IV disorders in the National Comorbidity Survey Replication","volume":"62","author":"Kessler","year":"2005","journal-title":"Archives of General Psychiatry"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.chb.2015.08.009_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1080\/14733140600848179","article-title":"Online counselling: the motives and experiences of young people who choose the Internet instead of face to face or telephone counselling","volume":"6","author":"King","year":"2006","journal-title":"Counselling and Psychotherapy Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chb.2015.08.009_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175","DOI":"10.1080\/14733140600874084","article-title":"Telephone and online counselling for young people: a naturalistic comparison of session outcome, session impact and therapeutic alliance","volume":"6","author":"King","year":"2006","journal-title":"Counselling and Psychotherapy Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chb.2015.08.009_bib26","series-title":"Handbook of psychotherapy integration","first-page":"94","article-title":"Psychotherapy outcome research: Implications for integrative and eclectic therapists","author":"Lambert","year":"1992"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.chb.2015.08.009_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1007\/s10447-011-9115-7","article-title":"The dimensions of common factors in counseling","volume":"33","author":"Leibert","year":"2011","journal-title":"International Journal for the Advancement of Counselling"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chb.2015.08.009_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"347","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1369-7625.2009.00570.x","article-title":"Why health expectations and hopes are different: the development of a conceptual model","volume":"12","author":"Leung","year":"2009","journal-title":"Health Expectations"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chb.2015.08.009_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.17744\/mehc.28.1.f0h37djrw89nv6vb","article-title":"An exploratory study of client perceptions of internet counselling and the therapeutic alliance","volume":"28","author":"Liebert","year":"2006","journal-title":"Journal of Mental Health Counselling"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.chb.2015.08.009_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.1080\/14733145.2010.486865","article-title":"Online counselling: an initial examination of the process in a synchronous chat environment","volume":"11","author":"Mallen","year":"2011","journal-title":"Counselling and Psychotherapy Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chb.2015.08.009_bib31","series-title":"Psychotherapy relationships that work","first-page":"3","article-title":"Evidence-based therapy relationships","author":"Norcross","year":"2011"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chb.2015.08.009_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1247","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpr.2011.08.003","article-title":"Controversy clarified: an updated review of clinical psychology and tele-health","volume":"31","author":"Perle","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clinical Psychology Review"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.chb.2015.08.009_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"994","DOI":"10.1002\/jclp.21974","article-title":"Online counseling: a narrative and critical review of the literature","volume":"69","author":"Richards","year":"2013","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Psychology"},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.chb.2015.08.009_bib33","first-page":"35","article-title":"When and how do young people seek professional help for mental health problems","volume":"187","author":"Rickwood","year":"2007","journal-title":"The Medical Journal of Australia"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chb.2015.08.009_bib34","series-title":"The mental health of Australians 2: Report on the 2007 national survey of mental health and wellbeing","author":"Slade","year":"2009"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.chb.2015.08.009_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1207\/S15327965PLI1304_01","article-title":"Hope theory: rainbows in the mind","volume":"13","author":"Snyder","year":"2002","journal-title":"Psychological Inquiry"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.chb.2015.08.009_bib36","series-title":"Handbook of psychological change: Psychotherapy processes & practices for the 21st century","first-page":"128","article-title":"Hope theory: Updating a common process for psychological change","author":"Snyder","year":"2000"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.chb.2015.08.009_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"284","DOI":"10.1037\/a0031941","article-title":"Increasing hope by addressing clients' outcome expectations","volume":"50","author":"Swift","year":"2013","journal-title":"Psychotherapy"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.chb.2015.08.009_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsp.2006.03.005","article-title":"An analysis of hope as a psychological strength","volume":"44","author":"Valle","year":"2006","journal-title":"Journal of School Psychology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.chb.2015.08.009_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.5172\/jamh.2013.12.1.75","article-title":"Disconfirmed expectations of therapy and young people's clinical outcome, help-seeking intentions, and mental health service use","volume":"12","author":"Watsford","year":"2013","journal-title":"Advances in Mental Health"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.chb.2015.08.009_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.2975\/35.4.2012.345.348","article-title":"The relationship between hope and symptoms","volume":"35","author":"Waynor","year":"2012","journal-title":"Psychiatric Rehabilitation Journal"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.chb.2015.08.009_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1080\/14733140802490606","article-title":"In-session processes in online counselling with young people: an exploratory approach","volume":"9","author":"Williams","year":"2009","journal-title":"Counselling and Psychotherapy Research"}],"container-title":["Computers in Human Behavior"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/2.zoppoz.workers.dev:443\/https\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S074756321530087X?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/2.zoppoz.workers.dev:443\/https\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S074756321530087X?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,9]],"date-time":"2025-10-09T23:48:35Z","timestamp":1760053715000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/2.zoppoz.workers.dev:443\/https\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S074756321530087X"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,2]]},"references-count":44,"alternative-id":["S074756321530087X"],"URL":"https:\/\/2.zoppoz.workers.dev:443\/https\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.chb.2015.08.009","relation":{},"ISSN":["0747-5632"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0747-5632","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Exploring hope and expectations in the youth mental health online counselling environment","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Computers in Human Behavior","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/2.zoppoz.workers.dev:443\/https\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.chb.2015.08.009","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}