{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,2]],"date-time":"2026-01-02T07:49:53Z","timestamp":1767340193779,"version":"3.44.0"},"reference-count":98,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,1]],"date-time":"2022-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1661990400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/2.zoppoz.workers.dev:443\/https\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,1]],"date-time":"2022-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1661990400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/2.zoppoz.workers.dev:443\/https\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,10]],"date-time":"2022-06-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1654819200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/2.zoppoz.workers.dev:443\/http\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Computers & Security"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,9]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.cose.2022.102776","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,26]],"date-time":"2022-05-26T11:55:27Z","timestamp":1653566127000},"page":"102776","update-policy":"https:\/\/2.zoppoz.workers.dev:443\/https\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"special_numbering":"C","title":["An internet of secure and private things: A service-oriented architecture"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"120","author":[{"given":"Ahmad","family":"Showail","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rashid","family":"Tahir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Muhammad Fareed","family":"Zaffar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Muhammad Haris","family":"Noor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohammed","family":"Al-Khatib","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.cose.2022.102776_bib0001","unstructured":"A connected car platform for all vehicles - Ericsson. https:\/\/2.zoppoz.workers.dev:443\/https\/www.ericsson.com\/en\/connected-vehicles\/platform. 2021a."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cose.2022.102776_bib0002","unstructured":"AMD pro security. https:\/\/2.zoppoz.workers.dev:443\/https\/www.amd.com\/en\/technologies\/pro-security. 2022."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cose.2022.102776_bib0003","first-page":"383","article-title":"Security issues in the internet of things (IoT): acomprehensive study","volume":"8","author":"Abdur","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int. J. Adv. Comput. Sci. Appl."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cose.2022.102776_bib0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11020","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2018.2876939","article-title":"Internet of things: a comprehensive study of security issues and defense mechanisms","volume":"7","author":"Ahanger","year":"2019","journal-title":"IEEE Access"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cose.2022.102776_bib0005","series-title":"2016 19th International Conference on Computer and Information Technology (ICCIT)","first-page":"213","article-title":"Activity recognition of a badminton game through accelerometer and gyroscope","author":"Anik","year":"2016"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cose.2022.102776_bib0006","series-title":"Proceedings of the 12th USENIX Conference on Operating Systems Design and Implementation","article-title":"SCONE: secure Linux containers with intel SGX","author":"Arnautov","year":"2016"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cose.2022.102776_bib0007","unstructured":"Apps Facebook Mark Zuckerberg Facebook now has 2 billion monthly users and responsibility. https:\/\/2.zoppoz.workers.dev:443\/https\/techcrunch.com\/2017\/06\/27\/facebook-2-billion-users\/. 2017."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cose.2022.102776_bib0008","unstructured":"Arm TrustZone Technology. https:\/\/2.zoppoz.workers.dev:443\/https\/developer.arm.com\/ip-products\/security-ip\/trustzone. 2017."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cose.2022.102776_bib0009","series-title":"2011 IEEE Symposium on Computers Informatics","first-page":"617","article-title":"Recognizing user activity based on accelerometer data from a mobile phone","author":"Ayu","year":"2011"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cose.2022.102776_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1145\/2799647","article-title":"Shielding applications from an untrusted cloud with haven","volume":"33","author":"Baumann","year":"2015","journal-title":"ACM Trans. Comput. Syst."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cose.2022.102776_bib0011","first-page":"585","article-title":"Simon and speck: block ciphers for the internet of things","volume":"2015","author":"Beaulieu","year":"2015","journal-title":"IACR Cryptol. ePrint Arch."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cose.2022.102776_bib0012","series-title":"The Fourth International Conference on Future Energy Systems, e-Energy \u201913, Berkeley, CA, USA, May 22\u201324, 2013","first-page":"75","article-title":"Automatic socio-economic classification of households using electricity consumption data","author":"Beckel","year":"2013"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cose.2022.102776_bib0013","first-page":"177","article-title":"Secure cloud micro services using intel SGX","author":"Brenner","year":"2017"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cose.2022.102776_bib0014","unstructured":"Bulterman, D. C. A., Bos, H., Rowstron, A. I. T., Druschel, P. (Eds.), 2014. Ninth Eurosys Conference 2014, EuroSys 2014, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, April 13\u201316, 2014, ACM."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.cose.2022.102776_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1181","DOI":"10.1007\/s10916-011-9722-1","article-title":"Digiswitch: a device to allow older adults to monitor and direct the collection and transmission of health information collected at home","volume":"35","author":"Caine","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Med. Syst."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cose.2022.102776_bib0016","unstructured":"Corporate IoT a path to intrusion. https:\/\/2.zoppoz.workers.dev:443\/https\/msrc-blog.microsoft.com\/2019\/08\/05\/corporate-iot-a-path-to-intrusion\/. 2019."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cose.2022.102776_sbref0017","first-page":"86","article-title":"Intel SGX explained","volume":"2016","author":"Costan","year":"2016","journal-title":"IACR Cryptol. ePrint Arch."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cose.2022.102776_bib0018","unstructured":"Connected Devices Give Spies a Powerful New Way to Surveil. https:\/\/2.zoppoz.workers.dev:443\/https\/www.wired.com\/2017\/01\/connected-devices-give-spies-powerful-new-way-surveil\/. 2017."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cose.2022.102776_bib0019","unstructured":"Complaint Letter by Electronic Privacy Information Center. https:\/\/2.zoppoz.workers.dev:443\/https\/epic.org\/privacy\/internet\/ftc\/EPIC-Letter-FTC-AG-Always-On.pdf. 2015."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cose.2022.102776_bib0020","unstructured":"Contiki-NG, the OS for Next Generation IoT Devices. https:\/\/2.zoppoz.workers.dev:443\/https\/www.contiki-ng.org\/. 2016."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cose.2022.102776_bib0021","series-title":"Proceedings of the Twentieth International Conference on Architectural Support for Programming Languages and Operating Systems, ASPLOS \u201915, Istanbul, Turkey, March 14\u201318, 2015","first-page":"191","article-title":"Nested kernel: an operating system architecture for intra-kernel privilege separation","author":"Dautenhahn","year":"2015"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cose.2022.102776_bib0022","unstructured":"De, A., Nicola, G., Arfib, B. D., 2000. Traditional Implementations of a Phase-Vocoder: The Tricks of the Trade. https:\/\/2.zoppoz.workers.dev:443\/https\/www.cs.princeton.edu\/courses\/archive\/spr09\/cos325\/Bernardini.pdf."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cose.2022.102776_bib0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"94","DOI":"10.1145\/2398356.2398377","article-title":"Computer security and the modern home","volume":"56","author":"Denning","year":"2013","journal-title":"Commun. ACM"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cose.2022.102776_bib0024","series-title":"International Symposium on Intelligent and Distributed Computing","first-page":"263","article-title":"Modeling and analysis of IoT energy resource exhaustion attacks","author":"Desnitsky","year":"2017"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cose.2022.102776_bib0025","unstructured":"Electronics all over your home could be spying on you. Here\u2019s how to stop it. https:\/\/2.zoppoz.workers.dev:443\/https\/globalnews.ca\/news\/3330143\/how-to-stop-gadgets-from-spying\/. 2017a."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cose.2022.102776_sbref0026","series-title":"Proceedings of the 4th International Conference for Internet Technology and Secured Transactions, ICITST 2009, London, UK, November 9\u201312, 2009","first-page":"1","article-title":"Lightweight implementation of hummingbird cryptographic algorithm on 4-bit microcontrollers","author":"Fan","year":"2009"},{"issue":"16","key":"10.1016\/j.cose.2022.102776_bib0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5290","DOI":"10.1109\/JSEN.2017.2722105","article-title":"Recognizing human activity in free-living using multiple body-worn accelerometers","volume":"17","author":"Fullerton","year":"2017","journal-title":"IEEE Sens. J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cose.2022.102776_bib0028","unstructured":"FBI director covers his webcam with tape, and says you should too. https:\/\/2.zoppoz.workers.dev:443\/https\/globalnews.ca\/news\/2940974\/fbi-director-covers-his-webcam-with-tape-and-says-you-should-too\/. 2016."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cose.2022.102776_bib0029","series-title":"Proceedings of the 10th European Workshop on Systems Security, EUROSEC 2017, Belgrade, Serbia, April 23, 2017","first-page":"2:1","article-title":"Cache attacks on intel SGX","author":"G\u00f6tzfried","year":"2017"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cose.2022.102776_bib0030","series-title":"Proceedings of the 10th European Workshop on Systems Security, EUROSEC 2017, Belgrade, Serbia, April 23, 2017","first-page":"2:1","article-title":"Cache attacks on intel SGX","author":"G\u00f6tzfried","year":"2017"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cose.2022.102776_bib0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gremaud, P., Durand, A., Pasquier, J., 2017. A secure, privacy-preserving IoT middleware using intel SGX. pp. 1\u20132. doi:10.1145\/3131542.3140258","DOI":"10.1145\/3131542.3140258"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cose.2022.102776_bib0032","unstructured":"Greveler, U., Justus, B., L\u00f6hr, D., 2012. Multimedia content identification through smart meter power usage profiles."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cose.2022.102776_bib0033","series-title":"Financial Cryptography and Data Security - FC 2016 International Workshops, BITCOIN, VOTING, and WAHC, Christ Church, Barbados, February 26, 2016, Revised Selected Papers","first-page":"302","article-title":"Using intel software guard extensions for efficient two-party secure function evaluation","author":"Gupta","year":"2016"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cose.2022.102776_sbref0034","series-title":"2011 Spring Simulation Multi-conference, SpringSim \u201911, Boston, MA, USA, April 03\u201307, 2011. Volume 8: Proceedings of the 2011 Symposium on Simulation for Architecture and Urban Design (SimAUD).","first-page":"141","article-title":"Real-time occupancy detection using decision trees with multiple sensor types","author":"Hailemariam","year":"2011"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cose.2022.102776_bib0035","series-title":"Fourth International Conference on Communication Systems and Networks, COMSNETS 2012, Bangalore, India, January 3\u20137, 2012","first-page":"1","article-title":"Accomplice: location inference using accelerometers on smartphones","author":"Han","year":"2012"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cose.2022.102776_bib0036","series-title":"The 11th ACM Conference on Embedded Network Sensor Systems, SenSys \u201913, Roma, Italy, November 11\u201315, 2013","first-page":"4:1","article-title":"isleep: unobtrusive sleep quality monitoring using smartphones","author":"Hao","year":"2013"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cose.2022.102776_bib0037","series-title":"AMIA Annual Symposium Proceedings","first-page":"645","article-title":"Security concerns in android mhealth apps","volume":"vol. 2014","author":"He","year":"2014"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cose.2022.102776_bib0038","series-title":"Proceedings of the 11th ACM on Asia Conference on Computer and Communications Security, AsiaCCS 2016, Xi\u2019an, China, May 30\u2013June 3, 2016","article-title":"Smart locks: lessons for securing commodity internet of things devices","author":"Ho","year":"2016"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cose.2022.102776_bib0039","unstructured":"How to protect your privacy as more apps harvest your data. https:\/\/2.zoppoz.workers.dev:443\/https\/www.nytimes.com\/2017\/05\/03\/technology\/personaltech\/how-to-protect-your-privacy-as-more-apps-harvest-your-data.html."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cose.2022.102776_bib0040","unstructured":"House of Keys: Industry-Wide HTTPS Certificate and SSH Key Reuse Endangers Millions of Devices Worldwide. 2015. https:\/\/2.zoppoz.workers.dev:443\/https\/sec-consult.com\/blog\/detail\/house-of-keys-industry-wide-https\/."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cose.2022.102776_bib0041","unstructured":"Home Security Camera Streams Private Video of Woman to Stranger. https:\/\/2.zoppoz.workers.dev:443\/https\/www.nbcchicago.com\/investigations\/Home-Security-Camera-Streams-Private-Video-of-Woman-to-Stranger-437082383.html. 2017b."},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.cose.2022.102776_bib0042","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1686","DOI":"10.1109\/COMST.2020.2986444","article-title":"Machine learning in IoT security: current solutions and future challenges","volume":"22","author":"Hussain","year":"2020","journal-title":"IEEE Commun. Surv. Tutor."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.cose.2022.102776_bib0043","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.1515\/popets-2017-0041","article-title":"To permit or not to permit, that is the usability question: crowdsourcing mobile apps\u2019 privacy permission settings","volume":"2017","author":"Ismail","year":"2017","journal-title":"Proc. Privacy Enhanc. Technol."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cose.2022.102776_bib0044","unstructured":"Internet of Shit. https:\/\/2.zoppoz.workers.dev:443\/https\/twitter.com\/internetofshit?lang=en. 2017."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cose.2022.102776_bib0045","unstructured":"Intel Software Guard Extensions (Intel SGX). https:\/\/2.zoppoz.workers.dev:443\/https\/www.intel.com\/content\/www\/us\/en\/architecture-and-technology\/software-guard-extensions.html. 2021."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cose.2022.102776_bib0046","unstructured":"Internet of Things Privacy Threats and Countermeasures. https:\/\/2.zoppoz.workers.dev:443\/http\/www.postscapes.com\/internet-of-things-privacy-threats-and-countermeasures\/. 2016."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cose.2022.102776_bib0047","series-title":"Proceedings of the Network and Distributed System Security Symposium, San Diego, CA","article-title":"OpenSGX: An Open Platform for SGX Research","author":"Jain","year":"2016"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cose.2022.102776_sbref0048","series-title":"Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITSC), 2011 14th International IEEE Conference on","first-page":"1609","article-title":"Driving style recognition using a smartphone as a sensor platform","author":"Johnson","year":"2011"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cose.2022.102776_bib0049","unstructured":"KILL YOUR PHONE. https:\/\/2.zoppoz.workers.dev:443\/https\/killyourphone.com\/. 2014."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cose.2022.102776_bib0050","series-title":"Proceedings of the Twelfth European Conference on Computer Systems, EuroSys 2017, Belgrade, Serbia, April 23\u201326, 2017","first-page":"205","article-title":"SGXBOUNDS: memory safety for shielded execution","author":"Kuvaiskii","year":"2017"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cose.2022.102776_bib0051","first-page":"70","article-title":"AES implementation and performance evaluation on 8-bit microcontrollers","volume":"6","author":"Lee","year":"2009","journal-title":"(IJCSIS) Int. J. Comput. Sci. Inf. Secur."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cose.2022.102776_bib0052","series-title":"2017 IEEE International Conference on Big Data and Smart Computing (BigComp)","first-page":"131","article-title":"Human activity recognition from accelerometer data using convolutional neural network","author":"Lee","year":"2017"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cose.2022.102776_bib0053","unstructured":"LoRa Alliance Wide Area Networks for IoT. https:\/\/2.zoppoz.workers.dev:443\/https\/www.lora-alliance.org\/. 2017."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cose.2022.102776_bib0054","first-page":"2","article-title":"Teens, social media, and privacy","volume":"21","author":"Madden","year":"2013","journal-title":"Pew Res. Center"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cose.2022.102776_bib0055","series-title":"Architectural Support for Programming Languages and Operating Systems, ASPLOS \u201913, Houston, TX, USA - March 16\u201320, 2013","first-page":"461","article-title":"Unikernels: library operating systems for the cloud","author":"Madhavapeddy","year":"2013"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cose.2022.102776_bib0056","series-title":"Proceedings of the 32nd Annual Conference on Computer Security Applications","first-page":"226","article-title":"On the (in) security of the latest generation implantable cardiac defibrillators and how to secure them","author":"Marin","year":"2016"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cose.2022.102776_bib0057","unstructured":"Maker of \u2018Smart\u2019 Vibrators Settles Data Collection Lawsuit for $3.75 Million. https:\/\/2.zoppoz.workers.dev:443\/https\/www.nytimes.com\/2017\/03\/14\/technology\/we-vibe-vibrator-lawsuit-spying.html. 2017a."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cose.2022.102776_bib0058","series-title":"31st IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy, S&P 2010, 16\u201319 May 2010, Berleley\/Oakland, California, USA","first-page":"143","article-title":"Trustvisor: efficient TCB reduction and attestation","author":"McCune","year":"2010"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cose.2022.102776_bib0059","series-title":"Proceedings of the 2008 EuroSys Conference, Glasgow, Scotland, UK, April 1\u20134, 2008","first-page":"315","article-title":"Flicker: an execution infrastructure for TCB minimization","author":"McCune","year":"2008"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.cose.2022.102776_bib0060","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8182","DOI":"10.1109\/JIOT.2019.2935189","article-title":"IoT: internet of threats? A survey of practical security vulnerabilities in real IoT devices","volume":"6","author":"Meneghello","year":"2019","journal-title":"IEEE Internet Things J."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cose.2022.102776_bib0061","unstructured":"Microsoft Connected Vehicle Platform: trends and investment areas. https:\/\/2.zoppoz.workers.dev:443\/https\/azure.microsoft.com\/en-us\/blog\/microsoft-connected-vehicle-platform-trends-and-investment-areas\/. 2020."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cose.2022.102776_bib0062","series-title":"USENIX Security","first-page":"785","article-title":"Powerspy: location tracking using mobile device power analysis","author":"Michalevsky","year":"2015"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cose.2022.102776_bib0063","series-title":"BuildSys\u201910, Proceedings of the 2nd ACM Workshop on Embedded Sensing Systems for Energy-Efficiency in Buildings, Zurich, Switzerland, November 3\u20135, 2010","first-page":"61","article-title":"Private memoirs of a smart meter","author":"Molina-Markham","year":"2010"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cose.2022.102776_bib0064","unstructured":"N.P. v Standard Innovation Corp We-Vibe Settlement. https:\/\/2.zoppoz.workers.dev:443\/http\/www.sicclassactionsettlement.com\/. 2017b."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cose.2022.102776_bib0065","series-title":"Proceedings of the Twelfth European Conference on Computer Systems, EuroSys 2017, Belgrade, Serbia, April 23\u201326, 2017","first-page":"238","article-title":"Eleos: exitless os services for SGX enclaves","author":"Orenbach","year":"2017"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cose.2022.102776_bib0066","series-title":"Proceedings of the 17th International Middleware Conference, Trento, Italy, December 12\u201316, 2016","first-page":"10","article-title":"Secure content-based routing using intel software guard extensions","author":"Pires","year":"2016"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cose.2022.102776_bib0067","unstructured":"Privacy management on social media sites. https:\/\/2.zoppoz.workers.dev:443\/http\/www.pewinternet.org\/2012\/02\/24\/privacy-management-on-social-media-sites\/. 2012."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cose.2022.102776_bib0068","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/s42452-021-04156-9","article-title":"Security trends in internet of things: a survey","volume":"3","author":"Rachit","year":"2021","journal-title":"SN Appl. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cose.2022.102776_bib0069","series-title":"Black Hat Conference Presentation Slides","article-title":"Hacking medical devices for fun and insulin: breaking the human SCADA system","volume":"vol. 2011","author":"Radcliffe","year":"2011"},{"year":"2015","series-title":"Personal Data Management in the Internet of Things","author":"Ray Manpreet Singh Matharu","key":"10.1016\/j.cose.2022.102776_bib0070"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cose.2022.102776_bib0071","series-title":"2015 IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy, SP 2015, San Jose, CA, USA, May 17\u201321, 2015","first-page":"38","article-title":"VC3: trustworthy data analytics in the cloud using SGX","author":"Schuster","year":"2015"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cose.2022.102776_bib0072","unstructured":"Screwed by sex toy spying? You may get $10k. https:\/\/2.zoppoz.workers.dev:443\/https\/www.cnet.com\/news\/app-enabled-sex-toy-users-get-10000-each-after-privacy-breach\/. 2017c."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cose.2022.102776_bib0073","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Soda: a software-defined security framework for IoT environments. Comput. Netw. 163, 106889. 2019. doi:10.1016\/j.comnet.2019.106889.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.comnet.2019.106889"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cose.2022.102776_bib0074","unstructured":"Samsung SmartThings Hub. https:\/\/2.zoppoz.workers.dev:443\/https\/www.samsung.com\/us\/smartthings\/. 2021."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cose.2022.102776_bib0075","series-title":"Proceedings of the 21st ACM Symposium on Operating Systems Principles 2007, SOSP 2007, Stevenson, Washington, USA, October 14\u201317, 2007","first-page":"335","article-title":"Secvisor: a tiny hypervisor to provide lifetime kernel code integrity for commodity oses","author":"Seshadri","year":"2007"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cose.2022.102776_bib0076","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Shinde, S., Le, D., Tople, S., Saxena, P., 2017. PANOPLY: low-TCB Linux applications with SGXenclaves. 10.14722\/ndss.2017.23500.","DOI":"10.14722\/ndss.2017.23500"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cose.2022.102776_bib0077","series-title":"Pervasive Computing and Communications Workshops (PerCom Workshops), 2017 IEEE International Conference on","first-page":"551","article-title":"Securing vulnerable home IoT devices with an in-hub security manager","author":"Simpson","year":"2017"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cose.2022.102776_bib0078","unstructured":"SmartThings. https:\/\/2.zoppoz.workers.dev:443\/https\/www.smartthings.com\/. 2021b."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cose.2022.102776_bib0079","series-title":"Proceedings of the 32nd Annual Conference on Computer Security Applications","first-page":"1","article-title":"Formal security analysis of smart embedded systems","author":"Tabrizi","year":"2016"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cose.2022.102776_bib0080","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4102","DOI":"10.3390\/app10124102","article-title":"IoT privacy and security: challenges and solutions","volume":"10","author":"Tawalbeh","year":"2020","journal-title":"Appl. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cose.2022.102776_bib0081","unstructured":"These Devices May Be Spying On You (Even In Your Own Home). https:\/\/2.zoppoz.workers.dev:443\/https\/tinyurl.com\/y98crelc. 2014."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cose.2022.102776_bib0082","unstructured":"The Botnet That Broke the Internet Isn\u2019t Going Away. https:\/\/2.zoppoz.workers.dev:443\/https\/www.wired.com\/2016\/12\/botnet-broke-internet-isnt-going-away\/. 2016."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cose.2022.102776_bib0083","unstructured":"The FBI Could Be Eavesdropping On Your Toaster. 2016a. https:\/\/2.zoppoz.workers.dev:443\/https\/www.huffpost.com\/entry\/fbi-surveillance-internet-of-things_n_56b4d6f0e4b04f9b57d957fc."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cose.2022.102776_bib0084","unstructured":"The Internet of Things has a dirty little secret: it\u2019s not really yours. https:\/\/2.zoppoz.workers.dev:443\/https\/www.theverge.com\/circuitbreaker\/2016\/7\/12\/12159766\/internet-of-things-iot-internet-of-shit-twitter. 2016."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cose.2022.102776_bib0085","unstructured":"The IoT threat to privacy. https:\/\/2.zoppoz.workers.dev:443\/https\/techcrunch.com\/2016\/08\/14\/the-iot-threat-to-privacy\/. 2016."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cose.2022.102776_bib0086","series-title":"22nd Asia and South Pacific Design Automation Conference, ASP-DAC 2017, Chiba, Japan, January 16\u201319, 2017","first-page":"354","article-title":"Sgxcrypter: IP protection for portable executables using intel\u2019s SGX technology","author":"Tychalas","year":"2017"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cose.2022.102776_bib0087","unstructured":"US intelligence chief: we might use the internet of things to spy on you. https:\/\/2.zoppoz.workers.dev:443\/https\/www.theguardian.com\/technology\/2016\/feb\/09\/internet-of-things-smart-home-devices-government-surveillance-james-clapper. 2016b."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cose.2022.102776_bib0088","unstructured":"Unikernels: Rethinking Cloud Infrastructure. https:\/\/2.zoppoz.workers.dev:443\/http\/unikernel.org\/. 2016."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.cose.2022.102776_bib0089","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"88","DOI":"10.1109\/TCAD.2017.2750067","article-title":"Enabling security-enhanced attestation with intel SGXfor remote terminal and IoT","volume":"37","author":"Wang","year":"2018","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Computer-Aided Des. Integr. Circuits Syst."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cose.2022.102776_bib0090","unstructured":"Watch out, new parents internet-connected baby monitors are easy to hack. https:\/\/2.zoppoz.workers.dev:443\/https\/splinternews.com\/watch-out-new-parents-internet-connected-baby-monitors-1793850489. 2015."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cose.2022.102776_bib0091","series-title":"Proceedings of the Seventh ACM on Conference on Data and Application Security and Privacy, CODASPY 2017, Scottsdale, AZ, USA, March 22\u201324, 2017","first-page":"261","article-title":"SGXIO: generic trusted I\/O path for intel SGX","author":"Weiser","year":"2017"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.cose.2022.102776_bib0092","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1109\/TAU.1967.1161901","article-title":"The use of fast fourier transform for the estimation of power spectra: a method based on time averaging over short, modified periodograms","volume":"15","author":"Welch","year":"1967","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Audio Electroacoust."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cose.2022.102776_bib0093","unstructured":"Why the NSA and other spies will love the Internet of Things. https:\/\/2.zoppoz.workers.dev:443\/http\/www.recode.net\/2016\/6\/11\/11906856\/nsa-spying-hacker-internet-of-things. 2016."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cose.2022.102776_bib0094","series-title":"2017 IEEE International Conference on Intelligence and Security Informatics (ISI)","first-page":"179","article-title":"Identifying vulnerabilities of consumer internet of things (IoT) devices: a scalable approach","author":"Williams","year":"2017"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.cose.2022.102776_bib0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1109\/MSP.2018.2825478","article-title":"IoT security techniques based on machine learning: how do IoT devices use ai to enhance security?","volume":"35","author":"Xiao","year":"2018","journal-title":"IEEE Signal Process. Mag."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cose.2022.102776_sbref0096","series-title":"9th International Conference, QShine 2013, Greader Noida, India","article-title":"WG-8: a lightweight stream cipher for resource-constrained smart devices","author":"Xinxin Fan","year":"2013"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cose.2022.102776_bib0097","unstructured":"Xinxin Fan, K. M., Gong, G., 2014. Security analysis of wearable fitness devices (Fitbit). https:\/\/2.zoppoz.workers.dev:443\/https\/courses.csail.mit.edu\/6.857\/2014\/files\/17-cyrbritt-webbhorn-specter-dmiao-hacking-fitbit.pdf"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.cose.2022.102776_bib0098","series-title":"17th IEEE International Conference on Computational Science and Engineering, CSE 2014, Chengdu, China, December 19\u201321, 2014","first-page":"1469","article-title":"An ensemble approach for activity recognition with accelerometer in mobile-phone","author":"Yuan","year":"2014"}],"container-title":["Computers & Security"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/2.zoppoz.workers.dev:443\/https\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0167404822001717?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/2.zoppoz.workers.dev:443\/https\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0167404822001717?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,28]],"date-time":"2025-09-28T19:15:58Z","timestamp":1759086958000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/2.zoppoz.workers.dev:443\/https\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0167404822001717"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,9]]},"references-count":98,"alternative-id":["S0167404822001717"],"URL":"https:\/\/2.zoppoz.workers.dev:443\/https\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cose.2022.102776","relation":{},"ISSN":["0167-4048"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0167-4048"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"An internet of secure and private things: A service-oriented architecture","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Computers & Security","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/2.zoppoz.workers.dev:443\/https\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.cose.2022.102776","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2022 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}],"article-number":"102776"}}