{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,17]],"date-time":"2025-10-17T13:58:49Z","timestamp":1760709529371,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,1]],"date-time":"2018-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1527811200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/2.zoppoz.workers.dev:443\/https\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Science and Technology Support Plan","award":["2013BAH21B02-01"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2013BAH21B02-01"]}]},{"name":"National Nature Science Foundation of China Research Program","award":["61375059, 61672065"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["61375059, 61672065"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004826","name":"Beijing Natural Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["4153058"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["4153058"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004826","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Expert Systems with Applications"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,6]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2018.02.003","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,16]],"date-time":"2018-02-16T10:51:36Z","timestamp":1518778296000},"page":"157-164","update-policy":"https:\/\/2.zoppoz.workers.dev:443\/https\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Hierarchy construction and text classification based on the relaxation strategy and least information model"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"100","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/2.zoppoz.workers.dev:443\/https\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6867-2063","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yongping","family":"Du","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jingxuan","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Weimao","family":"Ke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xuemei","family":"Gong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2018.02.003_bib0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1145\/582415.582416","article-title":"Probabilistic models of information retrieval based on measuring the divergence from randomness","volume":"20","author":"Amati","year":"2002","journal-title":"ACM Transsactions on Information System"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2018.02.003_bib0002","series-title":"Proceedings of the 23rd annual international ACM SIGIR conference on Research and development in information retrieval","first-page":"104","article-title":"The feature quantity: An information theoretic perspective of tfidf-like measures","author":"Aizawa","year":"2000"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2018.02.003_bib0003","series-title":"International conference on neural information processing systems","first-page":"163","article-title":"Label embedding trees for large multi-class tasks","author":"Bengio","year":"2010"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2018.02.003_bib0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2016.09.009","article-title":"Turning from TF-IDF to TF-IGM for term weighting in text classification","volume":"66","author":"Chen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Expert Systems with Applications"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2018.02.003_bib0005","series-title":"IEEE international symposium on geoscience and remote sensing","first-page":"949","article-title":"Integrating support vector machines in a hierarchical output space decomposition framework","volume":"2","author":"Chen","year":"2004"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2018.02.003_bib0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"268","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2017.03.057","article-title":"Variable global feature selection scheme for automatic classification of text documents","volume":"81","author":"Deepak","year":"2017","journal-title":"Expert Systems with Applications"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2018.02.003_bib0007","first-page":"567","article-title":"Fast and balanced: efficient label tree learning for large scale object recognition","volume":"24","author":"Deng","year":"2011","journal-title":"Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2018.02.003_bib0008","series-title":"IEEE international conference on computer vision","first-page":"2072","article-title":"Discriminative learning of relaxed hierarchy for large-scale visual recognition","author":"Gao","year":"2011"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2018.02.003_bib0009","series-title":"IEEE computer society conference on computer vision and pattern recognition","first-page":"1","article-title":"Learning and using taxonomies for fast visual categorization","author":"Griffin","year":"2008"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2018.02.003_bib0010","series-title":"ACM WSDM 2015 workshop on heterogeneous information access (HIA\u201915). Shanghai, China","article-title":"Term weighting for interactive cluster labeling based on least information gain","author":"Gong","year":"2015"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2018.02.003_bib0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"493","DOI":"10.1108\/00220410410560573","article-title":"A statistical interpretation of term specificity and its application in retrieval","volume":"60","author":"Jones","year":"2004","journal-title":"Journal of Documentation"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2018.02.003_bib0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1007\/s00799-014-0121-3","article-title":"Information-theoretic term weighting schemes for document clustering and classification","volume":"16","author":"Ke","year":"2015","journal-title":"International Journal on Digital Libraries"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2018.02.003_bib0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1214\/aoms\/1177729694","article-title":"On information and sufficiency","volume":"22","author":"Kullback","year":"1951","journal-title":"Annals of Mathematical Statistics"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2018.02.003_bib0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1109\/18.61115","article-title":"Divergence measures based on the Shannon entropy","volume":"37","author":"Lin","year":"1991","journal-title":"IEEE Trans on Information Theory"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2018.02.003_bib0015","series-title":"IEEE international conference on multimedia and expo","first-page":"1190","article-title":"Adaptive hierarchical multi-class SVM classifier for texture-based image classification","author":"Liu","year":"2005"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2018.02.003_bib0016","series-title":"Proceedings of the twentieth international conference on machine learning (ICML 2003)","first-page":"488","article-title":"An evaluation on feature selection for text clustering","author":"Liu","year":"2003"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2018.02.003_bib0017","series-title":"European conference on computer vision","first-page":"479","article-title":"Constructing category hierarchies for visual recognition","author":"Marcin","year":"2008"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2018.02.003_bib0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2017.03.020","article-title":"Text classification method based on self-training and LDA topic models","volume":"80","author":"Pavlinek","year":"2017","journal-title":"Expert Systems with Applications"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2018.02.003_bib0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"503","DOI":"10.1108\/00220410410560582","article-title":"Understanding inverse document frequency: On theoretical arguments for idf","volume":"60","author":"Robertson","year":"2004","journal-title":"Journal of Documentation"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2018.02.003_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1561\/1500000019","article-title":"The probabilistic relevance framework: Bm25 and beyond","volume":"3","author":"Robertson","year":"2009","journal-title":"Foundations and Trends R in Information Retrieval"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2018.02.003_bib0021","series-title":"Fourth ACM international conference on web search and data mining","first-page":"685","article-title":"Large-Scale hierarchical text classification without labelled data","author":"Viet","year":"2011"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2018.02.003_bib0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"540","DOI":"10.1049\/el.2011.0501","article-title":"Tree-structured bayesian network learning with application to scene classification","volume":"47","author":"Wang","year":"2011","journal-title":"Electronics Letters"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2018.02.003_bib0023","series-title":"Proceedings of the fourteenth international conference on machine learning (ICML\u201997)","first-page":"412","article-title":"A Comparative study on feature selection in text categorization","author":"Yang","year":"1997"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2018.02.003_bib0024","series-title":"Proceedings of the 34th international ACM SIGIR conference on research and development in information retrieval","first-page":"873","article-title":"Document clustering with universum","author":"Zhang","year":"2011"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2018.02.003_bib0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1016\/j.patcog.2017.05.007","article-title":"Hierarchical multi-label classification using fully associative ensemble learning","volume":"70","author":"Zhang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Pattern Recognition"}],"container-title":["Expert Systems with Applications"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/2.zoppoz.workers.dev:443\/https\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0957417418300733?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/2.zoppoz.workers.dev:443\/https\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0957417418300733?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,23]],"date-time":"2018-08-23T21:32:52Z","timestamp":1535059972000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/2.zoppoz.workers.dev:443\/https\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0957417418300733"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,6]]},"references-count":25,"alternative-id":["S0957417418300733"],"URL":"https:\/\/2.zoppoz.workers.dev:443\/https\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.eswa.2018.02.003","relation":{},"ISSN":["0957-4174"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0957-4174"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Hierarchy construction and text classification based on the relaxation strategy and least information model","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Expert Systems with Applications","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/2.zoppoz.workers.dev:443\/https\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.eswa.2018.02.003","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}