{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,17]],"date-time":"2026-04-17T05:05:47Z","timestamp":1776402347923,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,1]],"date-time":"2016-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1470009600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/2.zoppoz.workers.dev:443\/https\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["61572242"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["61572242"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["71171107"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["71171107"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["61305058"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["61305058"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["61373062"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["61373062"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["61503160"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["61503160"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["61471182"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["61471182"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["61233011"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["61233011"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002858","name":"Postdoctoral Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2014M550293"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2014M550293"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002858","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Information Sciences"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,8]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.ins.2016.01.103","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,4,9]],"date-time":"2016-04-09T14:27:35Z","timestamp":1460212055000},"page":"282-298","update-policy":"https:\/\/2.zoppoz.workers.dev:443\/https\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":44,"special_numbering":"C","title":["Cost-sensitive rough set approach"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"355-356","author":[{"given":"Hengrong","family":"Ju","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xibei","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hualong","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tongjun","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dong-Jun","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jingyu","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.ins.2016.01.103_bib0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2015.09.011","article-title":"Decision-theoretic rough set: a multicost strategy","volume":"91","author":"Dou","year":"2016","journal-title":"Knowl. Based Syst."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ins.2016.01.103_bib0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2052","DOI":"10.1109\/TKDE.2011.149","article-title":"Rank entropy based decision trees for monotonic classification","volume":"24","author":"Hu","year":"2012","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Knowl. Data Eng."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ins.2016.01.103_bib0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1109\/TFUZZ.2011.2167235","article-title":"Feature selection for monotonic classification","volume":"20","author":"Hu","year":"2012","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Fuzzy Syst."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ins.2016.01.103_bib0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3577","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ins.2008.05.024","article-title":"Neighborhood rough set based heterogeneous feature subset selection","volume":"178","author":"Hu","year":"2008","journal-title":"Inf. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ins.2016.01.103_bib0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ins.2012.07.010","article-title":"Minimum cost attribute reduction in decision-theoretic rough set models","volume":"219","author":"Jia","year":"2013","journal-title":"Inf. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ins.2016.01.103_bib0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"156","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijar.2013.02.010","article-title":"On an optimization representation of decision-theoretic rough set model","volume":"55","author":"Jia","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int. J. Approx. Reason."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ins.2016.01.103_bib0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"981","DOI":"10.1007\/s13042-014-0242-4","article-title":"Dynamic updating multigranulation fuzzy rough set: approximations and reducts","volume":"5","author":"Ju","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int. J. Mach. Learn. Cybern."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ins.2016.01.103_bib0008","series-title":"Proceedings of 15th International Conference of RSFDGrC","first-page":"376","article-title":"A moderate attribute reduction approach in decision-theoretic rough set","author":"Ju","year":"2015"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ins.2016.01.103_bib0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"775","DOI":"10.1007\/s13042-013-0225-x","article-title":"An incremental approach to attribute reduction of dynamic set-valued information systems","volume":"5","author":"Lang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int. J. Mach. Learn. Cybern."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ins.2016.01.103_bib0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"415","DOI":"10.3233\/FI-2013-889","article-title":"Non-monotonic attribute reduction in decision-theoretic rough sets","volume":"126","author":"Li","year":"2013","journal-title":"Fundam. Inf."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ins.2016.01.103_bib0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2015.07.040","article-title":"Sequential three-way decision and granulation for cost-sensitive face recognition","volume":"91","author":"Li","year":"2016","journal-title":"Knowl. Based Syst."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ins.2016.01.103_bib0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ins.2015.04.020","article-title":"Double-quantitative decision-theoretic rough set","volume":"316","author":"Li","year":"2015","journal-title":"Inf. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ins.2016.01.103_bib0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.3233\/FI-2015-1226","article-title":"Multigranulation decision-theoretic rough set in ordered information system","volume":"139","author":"Li","year":"2015","journal-title":"Fundam. Inf."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ins.2016.01.103_bib0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1087","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijar.2013.03.014","article-title":"Triangular fuzzy decision-theoretic rough sets","volume":"54","author":"Liang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int. J. Approx. Reason."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ins.2016.01.103_bib0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ins.2014.02.054","article-title":"Systematic studies on three-way decisions with interval-valued decision-theoretic rough sets","volume":"276","author":"Liang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Inf. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ins.2016.01.103_bib0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.3233\/FI-2012-648","article-title":"A multiple-category classification approach with decision-theoretic rough sets","volume":"115","author":"Liu","year":"2012","journal-title":"Fundam. Inf."},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.ins.2016.01.103_bib0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijar.2013.02.013","article-title":"Incorporating logistic regression to decision-theoretic rough sets for classification","volume":"55","author":"Liu","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int. J. Approx. Reason."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ins.2016.01.103_bib0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"614","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ins.2014.03.078","article-title":"Decision region distribution preservation reduction in decision-theoretic rough set model","volume":"278","author":"Ma","year":"2014","journal-title":"Inf. Sci."},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.ins.2016.01.103_bib0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"789","DOI":"10.1007\/s13042-013-0214-0","article-title":"Attribute reductions in object-oriented concept lattice","volume":"5","author":"Ma","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int. J. Mach. Learn. Cybern."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ins.2016.01.103_bib0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2442","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ins.2009.03.007","article-title":"A hierarchical model for test-cost-sensitive decision systems","volume":"179","author":"Min","year":"2009","journal-title":"Inf. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ins.2016.01.103_bib0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4928","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ins.2011.07.010","article-title":"Test-cost-sensitive attribute reduction","volume":"181","author":"Min","year":"2011","journal-title":"Inf. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ins.2016.01.103_bib0022","series-title":"Proceedings of International Conference on Machine Learning and Computing","first-page":"432","article-title":"Attribute reduction in test-cost-sensitive decision systems with common-test-costs","author":"He","year":"2011"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ins.2016.01.103_bib0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ins.2012.04.031","article-title":"Attribute reduction of data with error ranges and test costs","volume":"211","author":"Min","year":"2012","journal-title":"Inf. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ins.2016.01.103_bib0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijar.2013.04.003","article-title":"Feature selection with test cost constraint","volume":"55","author":"Min","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int.l J. Approx. Reason."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ins.2016.01.103_bib0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"289","DOI":"10.1007\/s13042-011-0034-z","article-title":"Attribute reduction in decision formal context based on homomorphism","volume":"2","author":"Pei","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int. J. Mach. Learn. Cybernet."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ins.2016.01.103_bib0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1007\/s13042-012-0090-z","article-title":"Consistency-preserving attribute reduction in fuzzy rough set framework","volume":"4","author":"Qian","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int. J. Mach. Learn. Cybern."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ins.2016.01.103_bib0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijar.2013.03.004","article-title":"Multigranulation decision-theoretic rough sets","volume":"55","author":"Qian","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int. J. Approx. Reason."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ins.2016.01.103_bib0030","series-title":"Proceedings of the Cost-Sensitive Learning Workshop, 17th ICML, California","first-page":"1","article-title":"Types of cost in inductive concept learning","author":"Turney","year":"2000"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.ins.2016.01.103_bib0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"853","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijar.2013.10.002","article-title":"A novel cognitive system model and approach to transformation of information granules","volume":"55","author":"Xu","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int. J. Approx. Reason."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.ins.2016.01.103_bib0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1241","DOI":"10.1007\/s00500-012-0979-1","article-title":"Multi-granulation rough sets based on tolerance relations","volume":"17","author":"Xu","year":"2013","journal-title":"Soft Comput."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ins.2016.01.103_bib0033","first-page":"55","article-title":"Multi-granulation rough set: from crisp to fuzzy case","volume":"1","author":"Yang","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ann. Fuzzy Math. Inf."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ins.2016.01.103_bib0034","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1007\/s13042-011-0054-8","article-title":"On multigranulation rough sets in incomplete information system","volume":"3","author":"Yang","year":"2012","journal-title":"Int. J. Mach. Learn. Cybern."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ins.2016.01.103_bib0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ins.2013.06.057","article-title":"Test cost sensitive multigranulation rough set: Model and minimal cost selection","volume":"250","author":"Yang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Inf. Sci."},{"issue":"7","key":"10.1016\/j.ins.2016.01.103_bib0036","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"754","DOI":"10.1080\/03081079.2013.810625","article-title":"Hierarchy on multigranulation structures: A knowledge distance approach","volume":"42","author":"Yang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int. J. Gen. Syst."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ins.2016.01.103_bib0037","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2014.03.021","article-title":"Updating multigranulation rough approximations with increasing of granular structures","volume":"64","author":"Yang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Knowl. Based Syst."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ins.2016.01.103_bib0038","series-title":"Proceedings of ISMIS","first-page":"17","article-title":"A decision-theoretic rough set model","author":"Yao","year":"1990"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ins.2016.01.103_bib0039","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"793","DOI":"10.1016\/0020-7373(92)90069-W","article-title":"A decision theoretic framework for approximating concepts","volume":"37","author":"Yao","year":"1992","journal-title":"Int. J. Man-mach. Stud."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ins.2016.01.103_bib0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijar.2007.05.019","article-title":"Probabilistic rough set approximations","volume":"49","author":"Yao","year":"2008","journal-title":"Int. J. Approx. Reason."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ins.2016.01.103_bib0042","series-title":"Proceedings of RSKT , LNAI,","first-page":"642","article-title":"Three-way decision: an interpretation of rules in rough set theory","volume":"vol. 5589","author":"Yao","year":"2009"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ins.2016.01.103_bib0043","series-title":"Proceedings of RSKT 2010, LNAI,","first-page":"719","article-title":"Naive Bayesian rough sets","volume":"vol. 6401","author":"Yao","year":"2010"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ins.2016.01.103_bib0044","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1080","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ins.2010.11.019","article-title":"The superiority of three-way decisions in probabilistic rough set models","volume":"181","author":"Yao","year":"2011","journal-title":"Inf. Sci."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ins.2016.01.103_bib0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijar.2013.03.018","article-title":"An automatic method to determine the number of clusters using decision-theoretic rough set","volume":"55","author":"Yu","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int. J. Approx. Reason."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ins.2016.01.103_bib0046","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1016\/S0165-0114(97)00077-8","article-title":"Toward a theory of fuzzy information granulation and its centrality in human reasoning and fuzzy logic","volume":"90","author":"Zadeh","year":"1997","journal-title":"Fuzzy Sets Syst."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ins.2016.01.103_bib0047","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1440","DOI":"10.1016\/j.patcog.2007.10.009","article-title":"Constraint score: a new filter method for feature selection with pairwise constraints","volume":"41","author":"Zhang","year":"2008","journal-title":"Pattern Recognit."},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.ins.2016.01.103_bib0048","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1758","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2009.195","article-title":"Cost-sensitive face recognition","volume":"32","author":"Zhang","year":"2010","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ins.2016.01.103_bib0049","series-title":"Proceedings of TRS XIII, LNCS,","first-page":"260","article-title":"A note on attribute reduction in the decision-theoretic rough set model","volume":"vol. 6499","author":"Zhao","year":"2011"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ins.2016.01.103_bib0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4959","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ins.2007.06.031","article-title":"Data analysis based on discernibility and indiscernibility","volume":"177","author":"Zhao","year":"2007","journal-title":"Inf. Sci."},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.ins.2016.01.103_bib0051","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1007\/s13042-011-0027-y","article-title":"Matroidal approaches to generalized rough sets based on relations","volume":"2","author":"Zhu","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int. J. Mach. Learn. Cybern."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ins.2016.01.103_bib0052","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"211","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijar.2013.04.006","article-title":"Multi-class decision-theoretic rough sets","volume":"55","author":"Zhou","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int. J. Approx. Reason."},{"key":"10.1016\/j.ins.2016.01.103_bib0053","series-title":"Proceedings of MDAI , LNAI,","first-page":"17","article-title":"Cost-sensitive learning","volume":"vol. 6820","author":"Zhou","year":"2011"}],"container-title":["Information Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/2.zoppoz.workers.dev:443\/https\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0020025516302262?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/2.zoppoz.workers.dev:443\/https\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0020025516302262?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,18]],"date-time":"2020-09-18T10:39:26Z","timestamp":1600425566000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/2.zoppoz.workers.dev:443\/https\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0020025516302262"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,8]]},"references-count":50,"alternative-id":["S0020025516302262"],"URL":"https:\/\/2.zoppoz.workers.dev:443\/https\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ins.2016.01.103","relation":{},"ISSN":["0020-0255"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0020-0255","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Cost-sensitive rough set approach","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"Information Sciences","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/2.zoppoz.workers.dev:443\/https\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ins.2016.01.103","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"\u00a9 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}