{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,15]],"date-time":"2026-05-15T11:39:47Z","timestamp":1778845187066,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":64,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,2,1]],"date-time":"2013-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1359676800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/2.zoppoz.workers.dev:443\/https\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Medical Image Analysis"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,2]]},"DOI":"10.1016\/j.media.2012.10.004","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,12,13]],"date-time":"2012-12-13T02:46:44Z","timestamp":1355366804000},"page":"219-235","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":83,"title":["Multi-kernel graph embedding for detection, Gleason grading of prostate cancer via MRI\/MRS"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Pallavi","family":"Tiwari","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"John","family":"Kurhanewicz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anant","family":"Madabhushi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.1016\/j.media.2012.10.004_b0005","first-page":"1372","article-title":"A computer-aided system for the detection of prostate cancer based on magnetic resonance image analysis","author":"Ampeliotis","year":"2008","journal-title":"Communications, Control and Signal Processing"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.media.2012.10.004_b0020","first-page":"S38","article-title":"Grading prostate cancer","volume":"102","author":"Bostwick","year":"1994","journal-title":"American Journal of Clinical Pathology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.media.2012.10.004_b0025","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1010933404324","article-title":"Random forest","volume":"451","author":"Breiman","year":"2001","journal-title":"Machine Learning"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.media.2012.10.004_b0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cai, D., He, X., Hu, Y., Han, J., Huang, T., 2007. Learning a spatially smooth subspace for face recognition. In: Proc. IEEE Conf. Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Machine Learning (CVPR\u201907), pp. 1\u20137.","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2007.383054"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.media.2012.10.004_b0035","first-page":"S4","article-title":"Magnetic resonance imaging and spectroscopy of prostate cancer","volume":"8","author":"Carroll","year":"2006","journal-title":"Reviews in Urology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.media.2012.10.004_b0040","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2390","DOI":"10.1118\/1.1593633","article-title":"Detection of prostate cancer by integration of line-scan diffusion, T2-mapping and T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging; a multichannel statistical classifier","volume":"30","author":"Chan","year":"2003","journal-title":"Medical Physics"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.media.2012.10.004_b0045","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2005","DOI":"10.1118\/1.3560879","article-title":"Elastic registration of multimodal prostate MRI and histology via multiattribute combined mutual information","volume":"38","author":"Chappelow","year":"2011","journal-title":"Medical Physics"},{"issue":"10","key":"10.1016\/j.media.2012.10.004_b0050","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1264","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/btn112","article-title":"Probabilistic multi-class multi-kernel learning: on protein fold recognition and remote homology detection","volume":"24","author":"Damoulas","year":"2008","journal-title":"Bioinformatics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.media.2012.10.004_b0055","first-page":"1","article-title":"Statistical comparisons of classifiers over multiple data sets","volume":"7","author":"Demsar","year":"2006","journal-title":"Journal of Machine Learning Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.media.2012.10.004_b0060","series-title":"Pattern Classification","author":"Duda","year":"2000"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.media.2012.10.004_b0065","first-page":"57","article-title":"An update of the Gleason grading system","volume":"13","author":"Epstein","year":"2006","journal-title":"Journal of Eurology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.media.2012.10.004_b0070","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"316","DOI":"10.1080\/01621459.1983.10477973","article-title":"Estimating the error rate of a prediction rule: improvement on cross-validation","volume":"78","author":"Efron","year":"1983","journal-title":"Journal of American Statistical Association"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.media.2012.10.004_b0080","first-page":"125","article-title":"Classification of prostatic carcinomas","volume":"50","author":"Gleason","year":"1966","journal-title":"Cancer Chemotherapy Reports"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.media.2012.10.004_b0090","first-page":"1455","article-title":"In vivo proton MR spectroscopy reveals altered metabolite content in malignant prostate tissue","volume":"17","author":"Heerschap","year":"1997","journal-title":"Anticancer Research"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.media.2012.10.004_b0095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"701","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2333030672","article-title":"Prostate depiction at endorectal MR spectroscopic imaging: investigation of a standardized evaluation system","volume":"233","author":"Jung","year":"2004","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.media.2012.10.004_b0100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1002\/mrm.21112","article-title":"Automated estimation of tumor probability in prostate magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging: pattern recognition vs. quantification","volume":"57","author":"Kelm","year":"2007","journal-title":"Magnetic Resonance in Medicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.media.2012.10.004_b0105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1923","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.20584","article-title":"What is insignificant prostate carcinoma","volume":"101","author":"Klein","year":"2004","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"issue":"32","key":"10.1016\/j.media.2012.10.004_b0110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8165","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2005.03.3134","article-title":"Active surveillance for prostate cancer: for whom?","volume":"23","author":"Klotz","year":"2005","journal-title":"Journal of Clinical Oncology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.media.2012.10.004_b0115","first-page":"1074","article-title":"In vivo assessment of prostate cancer aggressiveness using magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging at 3T with an endorectal coil","volume":"60","author":"Kobus","year":"2011","journal-title":"European Radiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.media.2012.10.004_b0120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"795","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.198.3.8628874","article-title":"Three dimensional H-1 MR Spectroscopic Imaging of the in situ human prostate with high (0.24\u20130.7-cm3) spatial resolution","volume":"198","author":"Kurhanewicz","year":"1996","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.media.2012.10.004_b0125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"451","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.10172","article-title":"Combined magnetic resonance imaging and spectroscopic imaging approach to molecular imaging of prostate cancer","volume":"16","author":"Kurhanewicz","year":"2002","journal-title":"Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.media.2012.10.004_b0130","first-page":"300","article-title":"Kernel-based data fusion and its application to protein function prediction in yeast","volume":"9","author":"Lanckriet","year":"2004","journal-title":"Pacific Symposium on Biocomputing"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.media.2012.10.004_b0135","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.21824","article-title":"Prostate cancer detection with multi-parametric MRI: logistic regression analysis of quantitative T2, diffusion-weighted imaging, and dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI","volume":"30","author":"Langer","year":"2009","journal-title":"Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.media.2012.10.004_b0140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"485","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.10091343","article-title":"Prostate tissue composition and MR measurements: investigating the relationships between ADC, T2, Ktrans, ve, and corresponding histologic features1","volume":"255","author":"Langer","year":"2010","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.media.2012.10.004_b0145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lee, G., Doyle, S., Monaco, J., Madabhushi, A., Feldman, M.D., Master, S.R., Tomaszewski, J.E., 2009. A knowledge representation framework for integration, classification of multi-scale imaging and non-imaging data: preliminary results in predicting prostate cancer recurrence by fusing mass spectrometry and histology. In: Proc. ISBI, pp. 77\u201380.","DOI":"10.1109\/ISBI.2009.5192987"},{"issue":"5","key":"10.1016\/j.media.2012.10.004_b0150","article-title":"Riemannian manifold learning","volume":"30","author":"Lin","year":"2008","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence"},{"issue":"6","key":"10.1016\/j.media.2012.10.004_b0160","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"906","DOI":"10.1109\/TMI.2009.2012888","article-title":"Prostate cancer segmentation with simultaneous estimation of Markov random field parameters and class","volume":"28","author":"Liu","year":"2009","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.media.2012.10.004_b0170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1611","DOI":"10.1109\/TMI.2005.859208","article-title":"Automated detection of prostatic adenocarcinoma from high-resolution ex vivo MRI","volume":"24","author":"Madabhushi","year":"2005","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.media.2012.10.004_b0180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1464-410x.2001.00018.x","article-title":"Limited value of endorectal magnetic resonance imaging and transrectal ultrasonography in the staging of clinically localized prostate cancer","volume":"87","author":"May","year":"2001","journal-title":"BJU International"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.media.2012.10.004_b0185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"222","DOI":"10.1016\/S0936-6555(97)80005-2","article-title":"Interobserver variation in prostate cancer Gleason scoring: are there implications for the design of clinical trials and treatment strategies?","volume":"9","author":"McLean","year":"1997","journal-title":"Clinical Oncology"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.media.2012.10.004_b0190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"617","DOI":"10.1016\/j.media.2010.04.007","article-title":"High-throughput detection of prostate cancer in histological sections using probabilistic pairwise Markov models","volume":"14","author":"Monaco","year":"2010","journal-title":"Medical Image Analysis"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.media.2012.10.004_b0195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"181","DOI":"10.1109\/72.914517","article-title":"An introduction to kernel-based learning algorithms","volume":"12","author":"Muller","year":"2001","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.media.2012.10.004_b0200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"654","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.22258","article-title":"Post-processing correction of the endorectal coil reception effects in MR spectroscopic imaging of the prostate","volume":"32","author":"Noworolski","year":"2010","journal-title":"Journal of Magnetic Resonance in Imaging"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.media.2012.10.004_b0205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1873","DOI":"10.1118\/1.3359459","article-title":"Supervised and unsupervised methods for prostate cancer segmentation with multispectral MRI","volume":"37","author":"Ozer","year":"2010","journal-title":"Medical Physics"},{"issue":"18","key":"10.1016\/j.media.2012.10.004_b0210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1358","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/djh259","article-title":"Five-year outcomes after prostatectomy or radiotherapy for prostate cancer: the prostate cancer outcomes study","volume":"96","author":"Potosky","year":"2004","journal-title":"Journal of the National Cancer Institute"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.media.2012.10.004_b0215","series-title":"C4.5: Programs for Machine Learning","author":"Quinlan","year":"1993"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.media.2012.10.004_b0220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1007\/11505730_13","article-title":"Information fusion in biomedical image analysis: combination of data vs. combination of interpretations","volume":"3565","author":"Rohlfing","year":"2005","journal-title":"Information Processing in Medical Imaging"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.media.2012.10.004_b0225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2323","DOI":"10.1126\/science.290.5500.2323","article-title":"Nonlinear dimensionality reduction by locally linear embedding","volume":"290","author":"Roweis","year":"2000","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.media.2012.10.004_b0235","series-title":"Learning with Kernels: Support Vector Machines, Regularization, Optimization, and Beyond","author":"Scholkopf","year":"2001"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.media.2012.10.004_b0240","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"416","DOI":"10.1007\/3-540-44581-1_27","article-title":"A generalized representer theorem","volume":"2111","author":"Schlkopf","year":"2001","journal-title":"Computational Learning Theory"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.media.2012.10.004_b0245","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"888","DOI":"10.1109\/34.868688","article-title":"Normalized cuts and image segmentation","volume":"22","author":"Shi","year":"2000","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.media.2012.10.004_b0250","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2105-11-309","article-title":"L2-norm multiple kernel learning and its application to biomedical data fusion","volume":"11","author":"Shi","year":"2010","journal-title":"BMC Bioinformatics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.media.2012.10.004_b0255","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"786","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1464-410X.2007.06689.x","article-title":"The utility of magnetic resonance imaging and spectroscopy for predicting insignificant prostate cancer: an initial analysis","volume":"99","author":"Shukla-Dave","year":"2007","journal-title":"BJU International"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.media.2012.10.004_b0260","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"803","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2503080473","article-title":"Correlation of MR imaging and MR spectroscopic imaging findings with Ki-67, Phospho-Akt, and androgen receptor expression in prostate cancer","volume":"250","author":"Shukla-Dave","year":"2009","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.media.2012.10.004_b0265","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-68125-0_30","article-title":"Semi-supervised local Fisher discriminant analysis for dimensionality reduction","author":"Sugiyama","year":"2008","journal-title":"Advances in Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining"},{"issue":"2","key":"10.1016\/j.media.2012.10.004_b0270","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1007\/s11063-009-9112-6","article-title":"A new discriminant principal component analysis method with partial supervision","volume":"30","author":"Sun","year":"2009","journal-title":"Neural Processing Letters"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.media.2012.10.004_b0275","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2323","DOI":"10.1126\/science.290.5500.2319","article-title":"A global geometric framework for nonlinear dimensionality reduction","volume":"290","author":"Tenenbaum","year":"2000","journal-title":"Science"},{"issue":"9","key":"10.1016\/j.media.2012.10.004_b0280","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3927","DOI":"10.1118\/1.3180955","article-title":"A hierarchical spectral clustering and nonlinear dimensionality reduction scheme for detection of prostate cancer from magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS)","volume":"36","author":"Tiwari","year":"2009","journal-title":"Medical Physics"},{"issue":"3","key":"10.1016\/j.media.2012.10.004_b0285","first-page":"666","article-title":"Semi Supervised Multi Kernel (SeSMiK) graph embedding: identifying aggressive prostate cancer via magnetic resonance imaging and spectroscopy","volume":"6363","author":"Tiwari","year":"2010","journal-title":"MICCAI"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.media.2012.10.004_b0290","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"607","DOI":"10.1002\/nbm.1777","article-title":"Multimodal wavelet embedding representation for data combination (MaWERiC): integrating magnetic resonance imaging and spectroscopy for prostate cancer detection","volume":"25","author":"Tiwari","year":"2012","journal-title":"NMR in Biomedicine"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.media.2012.10.004_b0305","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.23618","article-title":"Central gland and peripheral zone prostate tumors have significantly different quantitative imaging signatures on 3Tesla endorectal, in vivo T2-weighted MR imagery","volume":"36","author":"Viswanath","year":"2012","journal-title":"Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.media.2012.10.004_b0310","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1719","DOI":"10.1088\/0031-9155\/55\/6\/012","article-title":"Computer-assisted analysis of peripheral zone prostate lesions using T2-weighted and dynamic contrast enhanced T1-weighted MRI","volume":"55","author":"Vos","year":"2010","journal-title":"Physics in Medicine and Biology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.media.2012.10.004_b0315","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"168","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2461070057","article-title":"Assessment of biologic aggressiveness of prostate cancer: correlation of MR signal intensity with Gleason grade after radical prostatectomy","volume":"246","author":"Wang","year":"2008","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.media.2012.10.004_b0320","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1522-2594(200001)43:1<23::AID-MRM4>3.0.CO;2-E","article-title":"Very selective suppression pulses for clinical MRSI studies of brain and prostate cancer","volume":"43","author":"Tran","year":"2000","journal-title":"Magnetic Resonance in Medicine"},{"issue":"18","key":"10.1016\/j.media.2012.10.004_b0325","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1395","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/djm119","article-title":"Detection of prostate cancer via biopsy in the Medicare-SEER population during the PSA era","volume":"99","author":"Welch","year":"2007","journal-title":"Journal of the National Cancer Institute"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.media.2012.10.004_b0330","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"724","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.05.0642","article-title":"Combined MRI and MR spectroscopy of the prostate before radical prostatectomy","volume":"187","author":"Wetter","year":"2006","journal-title":"AJR, American Journal of Roentgenology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.media.2012.10.004_b0335","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"568","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compmedimag.2010.12.003","article-title":"Determining histology-MRI slice correspondences for defining MRI-based disease signatures of prostate cancer","volume":"35","author":"Xiao","year":"2011","journal-title":"Computerized Medical Imaging and Graphics"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.media.2012.10.004_b0345","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2291021383","article-title":"Transition zone prostate cancer: metabolic characteristics at H MR spectroscopic imaginginitial results","volume":"229","author":"Zakian","year":"2003","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.media.2012.10.004_b0350","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"804","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2343040363","article-title":"Correlation of proton MR spectroscopic imaging with Gleason score based on septsection pathologic analysis after radical prostatectomy","volume":"234","author":"Zakian","year":"2005","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.media.2012.10.004_b0355","unstructured":"Zhang, Z., Wang, J., Zha, H., 2011. Adaptive manifold learning. In: IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, Pre-print."},{"issue":"16\u201318","key":"10.1016\/j.media.2012.10.004_b0360","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2385","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neucom.2006.02.010","article-title":"Combining labeled and unlabeled data with graph embedding","volume":"69","author":"Zhao","year":"2006","journal-title":"Neurocomputing"},{"issue":"4","key":"10.1016\/j.media.2012.10.004_b0365","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"561","DOI":"10.1093\/clinchem\/39.4.561","article-title":"Receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) plots: a fundamental evaluation tool in clinical medicine","volume":"39","author":"Zweig","year":"1993","journal-title":"Clinical Chemistry"},{"issue":"1","key":"10.1016\/j.media.2012.10.004_b0370","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2453062042","article-title":"Peripheral zone prostate cancer: accuracy of different interpretative approaches with MR and MR spectroscopic imaging","volume":"246","author":"Westphalen","year":"2008","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"10.1016\/j.media.2012.10.004_b0375","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"812","DOI":"10.2214\/AJR.06.0165","article-title":"Diagnosis of prostate cancer in patients with an elevated prostate-specific antigen level: role of endorectal MRI and MR spectroscopic imaging","volume":"188","author":"Costouros","year":"2008","journal-title":"American Journal of Roentgenology"}],"container-title":["Medical Image Analysis"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/2.zoppoz.workers.dev:443\/https\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1361841512001491?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/2.zoppoz.workers.dev:443\/https\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S1361841512001491?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,18]],"date-time":"2020-07-18T16:07:09Z","timestamp":1595088429000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/2.zoppoz.workers.dev:443\/https\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S1361841512001491"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,2]]},"references-count":64,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,2]]}},"alternative-id":["S1361841512001491"],"URL":"https:\/\/2.zoppoz.workers.dev:443\/https\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.media.2012.10.004","relation":{},"ISSN":["1361-8415"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1361-8415","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,2]]}}}