{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]],"date-time":"2025-07-30T11:47:34Z","timestamp":1753876054232,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,18]],"date-time":"2021-09-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1631923200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/2.zoppoz.workers.dev:443\/https\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,18]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Information diffusion is an important part of the social network. Information flows between the individuals in the social networks to shape and update their opinions about various topics. The updated opinion values of them further spread the information in the network. The social network is always evolving by nature, leading to the dynamics of the network. Connections keep on changing among the individuals based on the various characteristics of the networks and individuals. Opinions of individuals may again be affected by the changes in the network which leads to dynamics on the network. Therefore, the co-evolving nature of dynamics on\/of the network is proposed. Co-evolving Temporal Model for Opinion and Triad Network Formation is modelled to evaluate the opinion convergence. Some fully stubborn agents are chosen in the network to affect opinion evolution, framing society\u2019s opinion. It is also analysed how these agents can divert the whole network towards their opinion values. When temporal modelling is done using all the three conditions, Triadic Closure, Opinion Threshold value and the Page Rank value over the network, the network does not reach consensus at the convergence point. Various individuals with different opinion values still exist.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/comnet\/cnab033","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,18]],"date-time":"2021-09-18T19:09:48Z","timestamp":1631992188000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Opinion evolution in society with stubborn agents using Temporal Model for Opinion and Triad Network Formation (TMOTNF)"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Eeti","family":"Jain","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science & Engineering, National Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi - 110040"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anurag","family":"Singh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science & Engineering, National Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi - 110040"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021093008432574000_B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1142\/S0219525900000078","article-title":"Mixing beliefs among interacting agents","volume":"3","author":"Deffuant,","year":"2000","journal-title":"Adv. Complex Syst."},{"key":"2021093008432574000_B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0172982","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0172982","article-title":"Opinion formation with time-varying bounded confidence","volume":"12","author":"Zhang,","year":"2017","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"2021093008432574000_B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"364","DOI":"10.1007\/s11467-007-0039-y","article-title":"Small-world and the growing properties of the Chinese railway network","volume":"2","author":"Liu,","year":"2007","journal-title":"Front. Phys. China"},{"key":"2021093008432574000_B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.2307\/270703","article-title":"Local structure in social networks","volume":"7","author":"Holland,","year":"1976","journal-title":"Sociol. Methodol."},{"journal-title":"Stanford InfoLab","year":"1999","author":"Page,","key":"2021093008432574000_B5"},{"key":"2021093008432574000_B6","first-page":"89","article-title":"Opinion dynamics on coevolving networks","volume-title":"Dynamics On and Of Complex Networks","author":"Vazquez,","year":"2013"},{"key":"2021093008432574000_B7","first-page":"177","article-title":"Misinformation spreading on Facebook. Complex spreading phenomena in social systems","author":"Zollo,","year":"2017"},{"key":"2021093008432574000_B8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"554","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1517441113","article-title":"The spreading of misinformation online","volume":"113","author":"Del Vicario,","year":"2016","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"2021093008432574000_B9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"118","DOI":"10.1080\/01621459.1974.10480137","article-title":"Reaching a consensus","volume":"69","author":"DeGroot,","year":"1974","journal-title":"J. Am. Stat. Assoc."},{"key":"2021093008432574000_B10","first-page":"1","article-title":"Opinion dynamics and bounded confidence models, analysis, and simulation","volume":"5","author":"Hegselmann,","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Artif. Soc. Soc. Simul."},{"key":"2021093008432574000_B11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5779","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physa.2012.06.047","article-title":"PageRank model of opinion formation on social networks","volume":"391","author":"Kandiah,","year":"2012","journal-title":"Phys. A: Stat. Mech. Appl."},{"key":"2021093008432574000_B12","first-page":"491","article-title":"TTPROF: a weighted threshold model for studying opinion dynamics in directed temporal network","volume-title":"International Workshop on Complex Networks and their Applications","author":"Jain,","year":"2018"},{"key":"2021093008432574000_B13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"403","DOI":"10.1145\/2556195.2559896","article-title":"Modeling opinion dynamics in social networks","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 7th ACM International Conference on Web Search and Data Mining","author":"Das,","year":"2014"},{"key":"2021093008432574000_B14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"581","DOI":"10.1093\/biomet\/60.3.581","article-title":"A model for spatial conflict","volume":"60","author":"Clifford,","year":"1973","journal-title":"Biometrika"},{"key":"2021093008432574000_B15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1109\/ITA.2010.5454090","article-title":"Voting models in random networks","volume-title":"Information Theory and Applications Workshop (ITA), 2010","author":"Yildiz,","year":"2010"},{"key":"2021093008432574000_B16","first-page":"450","article-title":"Vox populi (The wisdom of crowds)","volume":"75","author":"Galton,","year":"1907","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2021093008432574000_B17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121791","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physa.2019.121791","article-title":"Opinion clusters in a modified Hegselmann\u2013Krause model with heterogeneous bounded confidences and stubbornness","volume":"531","author":"Han,","year":"2019","journal-title":"Phys. A"},{"key":"2021093008432574000_B18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1850115","DOI":"10.1142\/S0129183118501152","article-title":"An energy-based interaction model for population opinion dynamics with topic coupling","volume":"29","author":"Noorazar,","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int. J. Mod. Phys. C"},{"key":"2021093008432574000_B19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1777","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physa.2011.09.017","article-title":"Identifying influential nodes in complex networks","volume":"391","author":"Chen,","year":"2012","journal-title":"Phys. A"},{"key":"2021093008432574000_B20","article-title":"Influential node control strategy for opinion evolution on social networks","volume-title":"Abstract and Applied Analysis","author":"Ju,","year":"2013"},{"key":"2021093008432574000_B21","first-page":"259","article-title":"Tractable models for information diffusion in social networks","volume-title":"European Conference on Principles of Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery","author":"Kimura,","year":"2006"},{"key":"2021093008432574000_B22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"707","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physa.2015.05.095","article-title":"Opinion formation driven by PageRank node influence on directed networks","volume":"436","author":"Eom,","year":"2015","journal-title":"Phys. A"},{"key":"2021093008432574000_B23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1982","DOI":"10.1109\/ACC.2013.6580126","article-title":"Opinion dynamics in social networks: a local interaction game with stubborn agents","volume-title":"2013 American Control Conference","author":"Ghaderi,","year":"2013"},{"key":"2021093008432574000_B24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ifacol.2019.06.007","article-title":"Control of network opinion dynamics by a selfish agent with limited visibility","volume":"52","author":"Wendt,","year":"2019","journal-title":"IFAC-PapersOnLine"},{"key":"2021093008432574000_B25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1007","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physa.2008.11.021","article-title":"Temporal graphs","volume":"388","author":"Kostakos,","year":"2009","journal-title":"Phys. A"},{"key":"2021093008432574000_B26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1142\/q0033","volume-title":"A Guide to Temporal Networks","author":"Masuda,","year":"2016"},{"key":"2021093008432574000_B27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1109\/DSAA.2015.7344810","article-title":"A unifying model for representing time-varying graphs","volume-title":"IEEE International Conference on Data Science and Advanced Analytics (DSAA), 2015. 36678 2015.","author":"Wehmuth,","year":"2015"},{"key":"2021093008432574000_B28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"016102","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevE.77.016102","article-title":"Consensus formation on adaptive networks","volume":"77","author":"Kozma,","year":"2008","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. E"},{"key":"2021093008432574000_B29","article-title":"Centrality-based opinion modeling on temporal networks","volume-title":"IEEE Access","author":"Singh,","year":"2019"},{"key":"2021093008432574000_B30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1016\/j.procs.2020.06.016","article-title":"Effect of influential nodes on time varying opinion formation models","volume":"173","author":"Singh,","year":"2020","journal-title":"Proc. Comput. Sci."},{"key":"2021093008432574000_B31","first-page":"3070","article-title":"Leaderless coordination via bidirectional and unidirectional time-dependent communication","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 42nd IEEE Conference on Decision and Control, 2003,","author":"Moreau,","year":"2003"},{"key":"2021093008432574000_B32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"748","DOI":"10.1109\/ACC.2008.4586582","article-title":"Consensus on scale-free network","volume-title":"American Control Conference, 2008","author":"Wang,","year":"2008"},{"key":"2021093008432574000_B33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"701","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physa.2004.09.027","article-title":"Consensus formation on a triad scale-free network","volume":"348","author":"Sousa,","year":"2005","journal-title":"Phys. A"},{"key":"2021093008432574000_B34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"066121","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevE.80.066121","article-title":"Consensus over directed static networks with arbitrary finite communication delays","volume":"80","author":"Lu,","year":"2009","journal-title":"Phys. Rev. E"},{"key":"2021093008432574000_B35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3374","DOI":"10.1109\/TKDE.2015.2453956","article-title":"Triadic closure pattern analysis and prediction in social networks","volume":"27","author":"Huang,","year":"2015","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Knowl. Data Eng."},{"key":"2021093008432574000_B36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"61","DOI":"10.1080\/0022250X.1977.9989865","article-title":"Random directed graph distributions and the triad census in social networks","volume":"5","author":"Wasserman,","year":"1977","journal-title":"J. Math. Sociol."},{"key":"2021093008432574000_B37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.2307\/j.ctvcm4gh1","volume-title":"Social and Economic Networks","author":"Jackson,","year":"2010"},{"key":"2021093008432574000_B38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1109\/MCAS.2003.1228503","article-title":"Complex networks: small-world, scale-free and beyond","volume":"3","author":"Wang,","year":"2003","journal-title":"IEEE Circuits Syst. Mag."},{"key":"2021093008432574000_B39","first-page":"132","article-title":"Directed scale-free graphs","volume-title":"SODA Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics","author":"Bollob\u00e1s,","year":"2003"}],"container-title":["Journal of Complex Networks"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/2.zoppoz.workers.dev:443\/http\/academic.oup.com\/comnet\/article-pdf\/9\/5\/cnab033\/40482113\/cnab033.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/2.zoppoz.workers.dev:443\/http\/academic.oup.com\/comnet\/article-pdf\/9\/5\/cnab033\/40482113\/cnab033.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,30]],"date-time":"2021-09-30T08:53:19Z","timestamp":1632991999000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/2.zoppoz.workers.dev:443\/https\/academic.oup.com\/comnet\/article\/doi\/10.1093\/comnet\/cnab033\/6378194"}},"subtitle":[],"editor":[{"given":"Naomichi","family":"Hatano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"editor","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,18]]},"references-count":39,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,18]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/2.zoppoz.workers.dev:443\/https\/doi.org\/10.1093\/comnet\/cnab033","relation":{},"ISSN":["2051-1310","2051-1329"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"2051-1310"},{"type":"electronic","value":"2051-1329"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,1]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,18]]},"article-number":"cnab033"}}