{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,5]],"date-time":"2026-02-05T09:45:13Z","timestamp":1770284713724,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"IEEE","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,1]],"date-time":"2020-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1598918400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/2.zoppoz.workers.dev:443\/https\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/Xplorehelp\/downloads\/license-information\/IEEE.html"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,1]],"date-time":"2020-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1598918400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/2.zoppoz.workers.dev:443\/https\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,1]],"date-time":"2020-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1598918400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/2.zoppoz.workers.dev:443\/https\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,9]]},"DOI":"10.1109\/icfhr2020.2020.00034","type":"proceedings-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,25]],"date-time":"2020-11-25T22:18:08Z","timestamp":1606342688000},"page":"133-138","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["A Study of BPE-based Language Modeling for Open Vocabulary Latin Language OCR"],"prefix":"10.1109","author":[{"given":"Wenping","family":"Hu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yikang","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ji","family":"Meng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zifei","family":"Qian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Qiang","family":"Huo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"263","reference":[{"key":"ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICDAR.2017.32"},{"key":"ref38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-49127-9_28"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.patcog.2019.07.002"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICDAR.2015.7333804"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICDAR.2015.7333794"},{"key":"ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICDAR.2015.7333730"},{"key":"ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2017.690"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1143844.1143891"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2016.2646371"},{"key":"ref34","first-page":"228","article-title":"Handwriting recognition with large multidimensional long short-term memory recurrent neural networks","author":"voigtlaender","year":"0","journal-title":"Proc ICFHR"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21437\/Interspeech.2018-1616"},{"key":"ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICASSP.2012.6288848"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICASSP.2013.6639275"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICFHR.2014.64"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/DAS.2014.24"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/34.771314"},{"key":"ref15","first-page":"725","article-title":"Open vocabulary speech recognition with flat hybrid models","author":"bisani","year":"0","journal-title":"Proc INTERSPEECH"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICDAR.2017.91"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3115\/1118647.1118650"},{"key":"ref18","first-page":"663","article-title":"Using ASR methods for OCR","author":"aroral","year":"0","journal-title":"Proc ICDAR"},{"key":"ref19","first-page":"121","article-title":"Multilingual offline handwriting recognition in real-world images","author":"kozielski","year":"0","journal-title":"Proc DAS"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.patcog.2016.12.026"},{"key":"ref4","article-title":"RoBERTa: A robustly optimized BERT pretraining approach","author":"liu","year":"2019","journal-title":"ArXiv Preprint"},{"key":"ref27","first-page":"84","article-title":"Deep knowledge training and heterogeneous CNN for handwritten Chinese text recognition","author":"wang","year":"0","journal-title":"Proc ICFHR"},{"key":"ref3","first-page":"4171","article-title":"BERT: Pre-training of deep bidirectional transformers for language understanding","author":"devlin","year":"0","journal-title":"Proc ACL"},{"key":"ref6","article-title":"ALBERT: A lite BERT for self-supervised learning of language representations","author":"lan","year":"0","journal-title":"Proc ICLR"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2008.137"},{"key":"ref5","first-page":"5754","article-title":"XLNet: Generalized autoregressive pretraining for language understanding","author":"yang","year":"0","journal-title":"Proc NeurIPS"},{"key":"ref8","first-page":"597","article-title":"Massively multilingual sentence em-beddings for zero-shot cross-lingual transfer and beyond","volume":"7","author":"artetxe","year":"2019","journal-title":"Trans ACL"},{"key":"ref7","first-page":"7059","article-title":"Cross-lingual language model pretraining","author":"lample","year":"0","journal-title":"Proc NeurIPS"},{"key":"ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/P16-1162"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/D19-1252"},{"key":"ref1","first-page":"23","article-title":"A new algorithm for data compression","volume":"12","author":"gage","year":"1994","journal-title":"C\/C++ Users J"},{"key":"ref46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CAHPC.2018.8645935"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICFHR.2014.57"},{"key":"ref45","first-page":"901","article-title":"SRILM - an extensible language modeling toolkit","author":"stolcke","year":"0","journal-title":"Proc ICSLP"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICDAR.2019.00013"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICDAR.2017.111"},{"key":"ref42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1007\/s100320200071","article-title":"The IAM-database: An English sentence database for offline handwriting recognition","volume":"5","author":"marti","year":"2002","journal-title":"IJDAR"},{"key":"ref24","first-page":"21","article-title":"A web-based OCR service for documents","author":"walker","year":"0","journal-title":"Proc DAS"},{"key":"ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TASLP.2016.2558826"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICDAR.2017.35"},{"key":"ref44","article-title":"Adam: A method for stochastic optimization","author":"kingma","year":"0","journal-title":"Proc ICLR"},{"key":"ref26","first-page":"193","article-title":"On the benefits of convolutional neural network combinations in offline handwriting recognition","author":"suryani","year":"0","journal-title":"Proc ICFHR"},{"key":"ref43","article-title":"Accurate, large minibatch SGD: Training ImageNet in 1 hour","author":"goyal","year":"2017","journal-title":"ArXiv Preprint"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.patrec.2018.07.027"}],"event":{"name":"2020 17th International Conference on Frontiers in Handwriting Recognition (ICFHR)","location":"Dortmund, Germany","start":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,8]]},"end":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,10]]}},"container-title":["2020 17th International Conference on Frontiers in Handwriting Recognition (ICFHR)"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/2.zoppoz.workers.dev:443\/http\/xplorestaging.ieee.org\/ielx7\/9257614\/9257615\/09257766.pdf?arnumber=9257766","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,28]],"date-time":"2022-06-28T00:10:45Z","timestamp":1656375045000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/2.zoppoz.workers.dev:443\/https\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/9257766\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,9]]},"references-count":46,"URL":"https:\/\/2.zoppoz.workers.dev:443\/https\/doi.org\/10.1109\/icfhr2020.2020.00034","relation":{},"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,9]]}}}