{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]],"date-time":"2026-06-30T19:08:47Z","timestamp":1782846527167,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":64,"publisher":"Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)","issue":"FSE","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]],"date-time":"2026-06-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782777600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/2.zoppoz.workers.dev:443\/https\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/legalcode"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Proc. ACM Softw. Eng."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Modern infrastructures rely on Infrastructure as Code (IaC) systems to keep complex deployments consistent, reproducible, and scalable at production scale. The reliability of these infrastructures, however, depends on the correctness of their building blocks, which are reusable components (modules) that each performs a dedicated task, such as installing a package, managing an OS user, or configuring a service, and reconciling its state with the desired specification. A central promise of these components is portability: a specification written once should correctly  \nmanage the targeted resource on every OS the IaC component supports. When this property is violated,  \ndefects can propagate across entire infrastructures, causing outages, security vulnerabilities,  \nand costly misconfigurations.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>In this work, we introduce crOSsible, the first automated framework for cross-OS testing of IaC modules. crOSsible leverages large language models (LLMs) to synthesize and repair integration tests from structured module documentation, and executes them across 13 versions of 8 major Linux distributions. While our techniques are generally applicable to different IaC systems, we instantiate and evaluate them on Ansible, the most widely used IaC framework for managing individual servers. Evaluation across 259 popular Ansible modules demonstrates both effectiveness and real-world impact. In just 12 hours of testing, crOSsible uncovered 36 previously unknown bugs, including 22 portability violations. In total, 27 issues have been confirmed by maintainers, with 17 already fixed. The discovered issues range from crashes to dangerous soundness defects where modules reported success despite leaving systems misconfigured. Beyond bug discovery, crOSsible improved the code coverage of Ansible modules by 12.3% on average, systematically exercising OS-specific code paths that existing tests missed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1145\/3797097","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]],"date-time":"2026-06-30T17:06:14Z","timestamp":1782839174000},"page":"1536-1559","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Unfulfilled Promises: LLM-Based Detection of OS Compatibility Issues in Infrastructure as Code"],"prefix":"10.1145","volume":"3","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/2.zoppoz.workers.dev:443\/https\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-2457-1421","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Georgios-Petros","family":"Drosos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/2.zoppoz.workers.dev:443\/https\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-8947-2075","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Georgios","family":"Alexopoulos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Athens, Athens, Greece"},{"name":"National Infrastructures for Research and Technology, Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/2.zoppoz.workers.dev:443\/https\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9906-3073","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thodoris","family":"Sotiropoulos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/2.zoppoz.workers.dev:443\/https\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5061-9018","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dimitris","family":"Mitropoulos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Athens, Athens, Greece"},{"name":"National Infrastructures for Research and Technology, Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/2.zoppoz.workers.dev:443\/https\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2970-1391","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhendong","family":"Su","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_1_1","volume-title":"Fix pathing bugs present on Windows. https:\/\/2.zoppoz.workers.dev:443\/https\/github.com\/hashicorp\/terraform-provider-archive\/ commit\/1df4cc8b73ee651322897b302b049fb22c69817f [Online","author":"Pilon Alex","year":"2025","unstructured":"Alex Pilon. 2020. Fix pathing bugs present on Windows. https:\/\/2.zoppoz.workers.dev:443\/https\/github.com\/hashicorp\/terraform-provider-archive\/ commit\/1df4cc8b73ee651322897b302b049fb22c69817f [Online; accessed 31-August-2025]."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","unstructured":"Amazon Web Services Inc. or its affiliates. 2017. Summary of the Amazon S3 Service Disruption in the Northern Virginia (US-EAST-1) Region. https:\/\/2.zoppoz.workers.dev:443\/https\/aws.amazon.com\/message\/41926\/ [Online; accessed 7-July-2025]."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Chenxin An Jun Zhang Ming Zhong Lei Li Shansan Gong Yao Luo Jingjing Xu and Lingpeng Kong. 2024. Why Does the Effective Context Length of LLMs Fall Short? arXiv:2410.18745 [cs.CL] doi:10.48550\/arXiv.2410.18745 10.48550\/arXiv.2410.18745","DOI":"10.48550\/arXiv.2410.18745"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","volume-title":"https:\/\/2.zoppoz.workers.dev:443\/https\/galaxy.ansible.com\/ui\/ [Online","author":"Galaxy Ansible","year":"2025","unstructured":"Ansible. 2024. Ansible Galaxy. https:\/\/2.zoppoz.workers.dev:443\/https\/galaxy.ansible.com\/ui\/ [Online; accessed 7-July-2025]."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","volume-title":"https:\/\/2.zoppoz.workers.dev:443\/https\/docs.ansible.com\/ansible\/latest\/plugins\/module.html#enabling-modules [Online","year":"2025","unstructured":"Ansible. 2024. Modules. https:\/\/2.zoppoz.workers.dev:443\/https\/docs.ansible.com\/ansible\/latest\/plugins\/module.html#enabling-modules [Online; accessed 7-July-2025]."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","volume-title":"ansible.builtin.iptables implementation. https:\/\/2.zoppoz.workers.dev:443\/https\/github.com\/ansible\/ansible\/blob\/devel\/test\/ integration\/targets\/iptables\/tasks\/chain_management.yml [Online","author":"Contributors Ansible","year":"2025","unstructured":"Ansible Contributors. 2025. ansible.builtin.iptables implementation. https:\/\/2.zoppoz.workers.dev:443\/https\/github.com\/ansible\/ansible\/blob\/devel\/test\/ integration\/targets\/iptables\/tasks\/chain_management.yml [Online; accessed 31-August-2025]."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","volume-title":"community.general.xml -Manage bits and pieces of XML files or strings. https: \/\/docs.ansible.com\/ansible\/latest\/collections\/community\/general\/xml_module.html [Online","author":"Documentation Ansible","year":"2025","unstructured":"Ansible Documentation. 2025. community.general.xml -Manage bits and pieces of XML files or strings. https: \/\/docs.ansible.com\/ansible\/latest\/collections\/community\/general\/xml_module.html [Online; accessed 31-August-2025]."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","volume-title":"Selecting an Ansible Package and Version to Install. [Online","author":"Documentation Ansible","year":"2025","unstructured":"Ansible Documentation. 2025. Selecting an Ansible Package and Version to Install. [Online; accessed 31-August-2025]."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","volume-title":"Testing Ansible and Collections. https:\/\/2.zoppoz.workers.dev:443\/https\/docs.ansible.com\/ansible\/latest\/dev_guide\/ testing_running_locally.html [Online","author":"Documentation Ansible","year":"2025","unstructured":"Ansible Documentation. 2025. Testing Ansible and Collections. https:\/\/2.zoppoz.workers.dev:443\/https\/docs.ansible.com\/ansible\/latest\/dev_guide\/ testing_running_locally.html [Online; accessed 31-August-2025]."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3627703.3629553"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","volume-title":"community.general.npm module -Manage node.js packages with npm. https:\/\/2.zoppoz.workers.dev:443\/https\/docs.ansible.com\/ ansible\/latest\/collections\/community\/general\/npm_module.html [Online","author":"Hoffman Chris","year":"2025","unstructured":"Chris Hoffman. 2025. community.general.npm module -Manage node.js packages with npm. https:\/\/2.zoppoz.workers.dev:443\/https\/docs.ansible.com\/ ansible\/latest\/collections\/community\/general\/npm_module.html [Online; accessed 31-August-2025]."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3713081.3731721"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_1","volume-title":"Cronie cron daemon project. https:\/\/2.zoppoz.workers.dev:443\/https\/github.com\/cronie-crond\/cronie [Online","year":"2025","unstructured":"cronie maintainers. 2025. Cronie cron daemon project. https:\/\/2.zoppoz.workers.dev:443\/https\/github.com\/cronie-crond\/cronie [Online; accessed 31-August-2025]."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3419111.3421303"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSE.2021.3051492"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_1","volume-title":"community.crypto.openssh_cert implementation. https:\/\/2.zoppoz.workers.dev:443\/https\/github.com\/ansible-collections\/community. crypto\/blob\/main\/tests\/integration\/targets\/openssh_cert\/tests\/key_idempotency.yml#L80 [Online","author":"Kainz David","year":"2025","unstructured":"David Kainz. 2025. community.crypto.openssh_cert implementation. https:\/\/2.zoppoz.workers.dev:443\/https\/github.com\/ansible-collections\/community. crypto\/blob\/main\/tests\/integration\/targets\/openssh_cert\/tests\/key_idempotency.yml#L80 [Online; accessed 31-August- 2025]."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_1","volume-title":"https:\/\/2.zoppoz.workers.dev:443\/https\/busybox.net\/ [Online","author":"Vlasenko Denys","year":"2025","unstructured":"Denys Vlasenko. 2025. BusyBox. https:\/\/2.zoppoz.workers.dev:443\/https\/busybox.net\/ [Online; accessed 31-August-2025]."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_1","unstructured":"Docker Library. 2025. Alpine Official Image \u2022 Docker Hub. https:\/\/2.zoppoz.workers.dev:443\/https\/hub.docker.com\/_\/alpine. Accessed: 2025-09-07."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_1","unstructured":"Docker Library. 2025. Debian Official Image \u2022 Docker Hub. https:\/\/2.zoppoz.workers.dev:443\/https\/hub.docker.com\/_\/debian. Accessed: 2025-09-07."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_1","unstructured":"Docker Library. 2025. Ubuntu Official Image \u2022 Docker Hub. https:\/\/2.zoppoz.workers.dev:443\/https\/hub.docker.com\/_\/ubuntu. Accessed: 2025-09-07."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_21_1","volume-title":"community.general.cronvar module -Manage variables in crontabs. https:\/\/2.zoppoz.workers.dev:443\/https\/docs.ansible.com\/ansible\/ latest\/collections\/community\/general\/cronvar_module.html [Online","author":"Luce Doug","year":"2025","unstructured":"Doug Luce. 2025. community.general.cronvar module -Manage variables in crontabs. https:\/\/2.zoppoz.workers.dev:443\/https\/docs.ansible.com\/ansible\/ latest\/collections\/community\/general\/cronvar_module.html [Online; accessed 31-August-2025]."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Georgios-Petros Drosos Georgios Alexopoulos Thodoris Sotiropoulos Dimitris Mitropoulos and Zhendong Su. 2026. Artifact for \"Unfulfilled Promises: LLM-Based Detection of OS Compatibility Issues in Infrastructure as Code\". doi:10.5281\/zenodo.19512669 10.5281\/zenodo.19512669","DOI":"10.5281\/zenodo.19512669"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3689799"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"DeepSeek-AI et al. 2025. DeepSeek-R1: Incentivizing Reasoning Capability in LLMs via Reinforcement Learning. arXiv:2501.12948 [cs.CL] doi:10.48550\/arXiv.2501.12948 10.48550\/arXiv.2501.12948","DOI":"10.48550\/arXiv.2501.12948"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"DeepSeek-AI et al. 2025. DeepSeek-V3 Technical Report. arXiv:2412.19437 [cs.CL] doi:10.48550\/arXiv.2412.19437 10.48550\/arXiv.2412.19437","DOI":"10.48550\/arXiv.2412.19437"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_26_1","volume-title":"Email","author":"Fontein Felix","year":"2025","unstructured":"Felix Fontein and Alexei Znamensky. 2025. OS Coverage in Ansible Integration Tests. Private correspondence. Email, 5 Sep 2025."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_27_1","unstructured":"GitHub Inc. 2014. DNS Outage Post Mortem. https:\/\/2.zoppoz.workers.dev:443\/https\/github.blog\/2014-01-18-dns-outage-post-mortem\/ [Online; accessed 7-July-2025]."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3600006.3613161"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICSME.2019.00092"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2983990.2984000"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_31_1","volume-title":"https:\/\/2.zoppoz.workers.dev:443\/https\/github.com\/hashicorp\/terraform [Online","author":"HashiCorp. 2025. Terraform.","year":"2025","unstructured":"HashiCorp. 2025. Terraform. https:\/\/2.zoppoz.workers.dev:443\/https\/github.com\/hashicorp\/terraform [Online; accessed 31-August-2025]."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Md Mahadi Hassan John Salvador Akond Rahman and Santu Karmaker. 2025. Large Language Models for IT Automation Tasks: Are We There Yet? arXiv:2505.20505 [cs.CL] doi:10.48550\/arXiv.2505.20505 10.48550\/arXiv.2505.20505","DOI":"10.48550\/arXiv.2505.20505"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3660790"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3672456"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.52202\/079017-4273"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_36_1","volume-title":"The Kubernetes API. https:\/\/2.zoppoz.workers.dev:443\/https\/kubernetes.io\/docs\/concepts\/overview\/kubernetes-api\/ [Online","author":"Documentation Kubernetes","year":"2025","unstructured":"Kubernetes Documentation. 2025. The Kubernetes API. https:\/\/2.zoppoz.workers.dev:443\/https\/kubernetes.io\/docs\/concepts\/overview\/kubernetes-api\/ [Online; accessed 31-August-2025]."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICSE55347"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_39_1","volume-title":"The top 100 Ansible modules. https:\/\/2.zoppoz.workers.dev:443\/https\/mike42.me\/blog\/2019-01-the-top-100-ansible-modules [Online","author":"Billington Michael","year":"2025","unstructured":"Michael Billington. 2025. The top 100 Ansible modules. https:\/\/2.zoppoz.workers.dev:443\/https\/mike42.me\/blog\/2019-01-the-top-100-ansible-modules [Online; accessed 31-August-2025]."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_40_1","volume-title":"https:\/\/2.zoppoz.workers.dev:443\/https\/github.com\/ansible\/ansible [Online","author":"DeHaan Michael","year":"2025","unstructured":"Michael DeHaan. 2025. Ansible. https:\/\/2.zoppoz.workers.dev:443\/https\/github.com\/ansible\/ansible [Online; accessed 7-July-2025]."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_41_1","volume-title":"musl libc. https:\/\/2.zoppoz.workers.dev:443\/https\/musl.libc.org\/ [Online","year":"2025","unstructured":"musl libc maintainers. 2025. musl libc. https:\/\/2.zoppoz.workers.dev:443\/https\/musl.libc.org\/ [Online; accessed 31-August-2025]."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/SANER64311.2025.00025"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3524842.3527964"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MSR59073.2023.00079"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_45_1","volume-title":"The OpenRC init system. https:\/\/2.zoppoz.workers.dev:443\/https\/github.com\/OpenRC\/openrc [Online","author":"RC","year":"2025","unstructured":"OpenRC maintainers. 2025. The OpenRC init system. https:\/\/2.zoppoz.workers.dev:443\/https\/github.com\/OpenRC\/openrc [Online; accessed 7-July-2025]."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_46_1","volume-title":"https:\/\/2.zoppoz.workers.dev:443\/https\/salsa.debian.org\/debian\/cron [Online","author":"Vixie Paul","year":"2025","unstructured":"Paul Vixie. 2025. Vixie Cron. https:\/\/2.zoppoz.workers.dev:443\/https\/salsa.debian.org\/debian\/cron [Online; accessed 31-August-2025]."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_47_1","volume-title":"https:\/\/2.zoppoz.workers.dev:443\/https\/www.puppet.com\/ [Online","author":"Infrastructure Puppet","year":"2026","unstructured":"Perforce. 2026. Puppet Infrastructure & IT Automation at Scale. https:\/\/2.zoppoz.workers.dev:443\/https\/www.puppet.com\/ [Online; accessed 21- February-2026]."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_48_1","volume-title":"Chef Software DevOps Automation Solutions. https:\/\/2.zoppoz.workers.dev:443\/https\/www.chef.io\/ [Online","year":"2026","unstructured":"Progress. 2026. Chef Software DevOps Automation Solutions. https:\/\/2.zoppoz.workers.dev:443\/https\/www.chef.io\/ [Online; accessed 21-February-2026]."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_49_1","volume-title":"Pulumi -Infrastructure as Code in any programming language. https:\/\/2.zoppoz.workers.dev:443\/https\/www.pulumi.com\/ [Online","year":"2024","unstructured":"Pulumi. 2024. Pulumi -Infrastructure as Code in any programming language. https:\/\/2.zoppoz.workers.dev:443\/https\/www.pulumi.com\/ [Online; accessed 21-February-2024]."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3694715.3695974"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3377811.3380409"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICSE.2019.00033"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3551349.3556945"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ASE56229.2023.00162"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3639476.3639764"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2908080.2908083"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2901739.2901761"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSE.2024.3393070"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3377811.3380384"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_60_1","volume-title":"ansible.builtin.user module -Manage user accounts. https:\/\/2.zoppoz.workers.dev:443\/https\/docs.ansible.com\/ansible\/latest\/ collections\/ansible\/builtin\/user_module.html [Online","author":"Fromm Stephen","year":"2025","unstructured":"Stephen Fromm. 2025. ansible.builtin.user module -Manage user accounts. https:\/\/2.zoppoz.workers.dev:443\/https\/docs.ansible.com\/ansible\/latest\/ collections\/ansible\/builtin\/user_module.html [Online; accessed 31-August-2025]."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_61_1","first-page":"143","volume-title":"Automatic Reliability Testing For Cluster Management Controllers. In 16th USENIX Symposium on Operating Systems Design and Implementation (OSDI 22)","author":"Sun Xudong","year":"2022","unstructured":"Xudong Sun, Wenqing Luo, Jiawei Tyler Gu, Aishwarya Ganesan, Ramnatthan Alagappan, Michael Gasch, Lalith Suresh, and Tianyin Xu. 2022. Automatic Reliability Testing For Cluster Management Controllers. In 16th USENIX Symposium on Operating Systems Design and Implementation (OSDI 22). USENIX Association, Carlsbad, CA, 143-159."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.52202\/075280-2837"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_63_1","volume-title":"Incident documentation\/20170118-Labs. https:\/\/2.zoppoz.workers.dev:443\/https\/wikitech.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/Incidents\/ 2017-01-18_Labs [Online","author":"Commons Wikimedia","year":"2025","unstructured":"Wikimedia Commons. 2017. Incident documentation\/20170118-Labs. https:\/\/2.zoppoz.workers.dev:443\/https\/wikitech.wikimedia.org\/wiki\/Incidents\/ 2017-01-18_Labs [Online; accessed 7-July-2025]."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Tianyi Zhang Shidong Pan Zejun Zhang Zhenchang Xing and Xiaoyu Sun. 2025. Deployability-Centric Infrastructureas-Code Generation: An LLM-based Iterative Framework. arXiv:2506.05623 [cs.SE] doi:10.48550\/arXiv.2506.05623 10.48550\/arXiv.2506.05623","DOI":"10.48550\/arXiv.2506.05623"}],"container-title":["Proceedings of the ACM on Software Engineering"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/2.zoppoz.workers.dev:443\/https\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/3797097","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]],"date-time":"2026-06-30T18:19:39Z","timestamp":1782843579000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/2.zoppoz.workers.dev:443\/https\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3797097"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]]},"references-count":64,"journal-issue":{"issue":"FSE","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1145\/3797097"],"URL":"https:\/\/2.zoppoz.workers.dev:443\/https\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3797097","relation":{},"ISSN":["2994-970X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2994-970X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]]}}}