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An early enhanced processing of spatially compatible stimuli was observed, which is likely due to spatial attention. This was followed by an attenuation of processing for both spatially and action type compatible stimuli, likely to be driven by efference copy signals that attenuate processing of predicted sensory consequences of actions. Attenuation was not response-modality specific; it was found for manual stimuli when participants prepared manual and vocal responses, in line with the hypothesis that action control is hierarchically organized. These results indicate that spatial attention and forward model prediction mechanisms have opposite, but temporally distinct, effects on perception. This hypothesis can explain the inconsistency of recent findings on action\u2013perception links and thereby supports the view that sensorimotor links are bidirectional. Such effects of action on perception are likely to be crucial, not only for the control of our own actions but also in sociocultural interaction, allowing us to predict the reactions of others to our own actions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1162\/jocn.2009.21409","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,11,25]],"date-time":"2009-11-25T18:08:31Z","timestamp":1259172511000},"page":"2198-2211","update-policy":"https:\/\/2.zoppoz.workers.dev:443\/https\/doi.org\/10.1162\/mitpressjournals.corrections.policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Action Preparation Helps and Hinders Perception of Action"],"prefix":"10.1162","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Clare","family":"Press","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"1University of London"},{"name":"2University College London"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elena","family":"Gherri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"1University of 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