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Second, and most critically, we use a control condition to identify that this discrimination is not specific to gender. Employers are simply less willing to hire a worker from a group that performs worse on average, even when this group is, instead, defined by a nonstereotypical characteristic. In this way, beliefs about average group differences are the key driver of discrimination against women in our setting. We also document some evidence for in-group preferences that contribute to the gender discrimination observed. Finally, our design allows us to understand and quantify the extent to which image concerns mitigate discriminatory behavior. <\/jats:p><jats:p> This paper was accepted by Yan Chen, decision analysis. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1287\/mnsc.2020.3660","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,4]],"date-time":"2021-02-04T15:57:43Z","timestamp":1612454263000},"page":"3551-3569","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":120,"title":["The Role of Beliefs in Driving Gender Discrimination"],"prefix":"10.1287","volume":"67","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/2.zoppoz.workers.dev:443\/https\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4293-2220","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Katherine B.","family":"Coffman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Harvard Business School, Boston, Massachusetts 02163;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/2.zoppoz.workers.dev:443\/https\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0760-8871","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christine L.","family":"Exley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Harvard Business School, Boston, Massachusetts 02163;"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/2.zoppoz.workers.dev:443\/https\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4955-2186","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Muriel","family":"Niederle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Stanford Institute for Economic Policy Research, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305;"},{"name":"National Bureau of Economic Research, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"109","reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Altonji JG, Blank RM (1999) Race and gender in the labor market. 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