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Using panel data from the global smartphone industry and recent patent wars among key industry rivals, we examine how smartphone vendors that are not directly involved in patent litigation strategically respond to increased litigation risks in this industry. We find that as patent wars intensify, smartphone vendors not involved in any litigation focus more of their business in markets with weaker intellectual property (IP) protection because of institutional arbitrage opportunities. This strategic response is more pronounced for vendors whose stocks of patents are small and whose home markets have weak-IP systems. Our study is the first to examine the relationship between heterogeneity in national patent systems and firms\u2019 global strategies. It provides a more balanced view of firms\u2019 institution-seeking behavior by documenting how they make strategic use of weaker institutions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1287\/orsc.2016.1092","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,21]],"date-time":"2016-11-21T14:02:28Z","timestamp":1479736948000},"page":"1397-1416","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":58,"title":["The Impact of Patent Wars on Firm Strategy: Evidence from the Global Smartphone Industry"],"prefix":"10.1287","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Yongwook","family":"Paik","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Olin Business School, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri 63130"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Feng","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Harvard Business School, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts 02163"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"109","reference":[{"key":"B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/432166"},{"key":"B2","first-page":"385","volume-title":"Handbook of Economic Growth","volume":"1","author":"Acemoglu D","year":"2005"},{"key":"B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/smj.792"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0266(200003)21:3<317::AID-SMJ90>3.0.CO;2-B"},{"key":"B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1287\/orsc.1100.0623"},{"key":"B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/smj.2134"},{"key":"B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0266(199602)17:2<151::AID-SMJ799>3.0.CO;2-Z"},{"key":"B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0048-7333(87)90027-8"},{"key":"B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1257\/000282806777212288"},{"key":"B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/467155"},{"issue":"4","key":"B11","first-page":"781","volume":"48","author":"Black BS","year":"2001","journal-title":"University California Los Angeles Law Rev."},{"key":"B12","volume-title":"The Electric-Lamp Industry: Technological Change and Economic Development from 1800 to 1947","author":"Bright AA","year":"1972"},{"issue":"2","key":"B13","first-page":"1","volume":"4","author":"Carrier M","year":"2012","journal-title":"Competition Policy Internat. 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