{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,6]],"date-time":"2026-04-06T10:26:25Z","timestamp":1775471185206,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Frontiers Media SA","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,1]],"date-time":"2021-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1614556800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/2.zoppoz.workers.dev:443\/https\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["frontiersin.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Front. Robot. AI"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Haru is a social, affective robot designed to support a wide range of research into human\u2013robot communication. This article analyses the design process for Haru beta, identifying how both visual and performing arts were an essential part of that process, contributing to ideas of Haru\u2019s communication as a science and as an art. Initially, the article examines how a modified form of Design Thinking shaped the work of the interdisciplinary development team\u2014including animators, performers and sketch artists working alongside roboticists\u2014to frame Haru\u2019s interaction style in line with sociopsychological and cybernetic\u2013semiotic communication theory. From these perspectives on communication, the focus is on creating a robot that is persuasive and able to transmit precise information clearly. The article moves on to highlight two alternative perspectives on communication, based on phenomenological and sociocultural theories, from which such a robot can be further developed as a more flexible and dynamic communicative agent. The various theoretical perspectives introduced are brought together by considering communication across three elements: encounter, story and dance. Finally, the article explores the potential of Haru as a research platform for human\u2013robot communication across various scenarios designed to investigate how to support long-term interactions between humans and robots in different contexts. In particular, it gives an overview of plans for humanities-based, qualitative research with Haru.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3389\/frobt.2021.577107","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,1]],"date-time":"2021-03-01T15:34:26Z","timestamp":1614612866000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/2.zoppoz.workers.dev:443\/https\/doi.org\/10.3389\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Art, Design and Communication Theory in Creating the Communicative Social Robot \u2018Haru\u2019"],"prefix":"10.3389","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Eleanor","family":"Sandry","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Randy","family":"Gomez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Keisuke","family":"Nakamura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1965","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"B1","volume-title":"Legislations: the politics of deconstruction","author":"Bennington","year":"1994"},{"key":"B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.7551\/mitpress\/2376.001.0001","volume-title":"Designing sociable robots","author":"Breazeal","year":"2002"},{"key":"B3","volume-title":"Communication as culture: essays on media and society","author":"Carey","year":"1992"},{"key":"B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"135485651983779","DOI":"10.1177\/1354856519837792","article-title":"What do home robots want? 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