{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4409835077","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/net.22280","title":"A New Formulation for the Traveling Salesman Problem With Drone and Lockers","display_name":"A New Formulation for the Traveling Salesman Problem With Drone and Lockers","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-04-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4409835077","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/net.22280"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1002/net.22280","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/net.22280","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S191798613","display_name":"Networks","issn_l":"0028-3045","issn":["0028-3045","1097-0037"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Networks","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/net.22280","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5117330902","display_name":"Danilo Amitrano","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-4903-3406"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I71267560","display_name":"University of Naples Federico II","ror":"https://ror.org/05290cv24","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I71267560"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Danilo Amitrano","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology University of Naples Federico II  Naples Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-4903-3406","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology University of Naples Federico II  Naples Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I71267560"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069880315","display_name":"Maurizio Boccia","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4947-9852"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I71267560","display_name":"University of Naples Federico II","ror":"https://ror.org/05290cv24","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I71267560"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Maurizio Boccia","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology University of Naples Federico II  Naples Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology University of Naples Federico II  Naples Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I71267560"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091226524","display_name":"Adriano Masone","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8515-736X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I71267560","display_name":"University of Naples Federico II","ror":"https://ror.org/05290cv24","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I71267560"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Adriano Masone","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology University of Naples Federico II  Naples Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology University of Naples Federico II  Naples Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I71267560"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022694629","display_name":"Claudio Sterle","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2545-5306"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210162062","display_name":"Istituto di Analisi dei Sistemi ed Informatica Antonio Ruberti","ror":"https://ror.org/054ye0e45","country_code":"IT","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210155236","https://openalex.org/I4210162062"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I71267560","display_name":"University of Naples Federico II","ror":"https://ror.org/05290cv24","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I71267560"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Claudio Sterle","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology University of Naples Federico II  Naples Italy","Istituto di Analisi dei Sistemi ed Informatica A.Ruberti, IASI\u2010CNR  Rome Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology University of Naples Federico II  Naples Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I71267560"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Istituto di Analisi dei Sistemi ed Informatica A.Ruberti, IASI\u2010CNR  Rome Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210162062"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":3400,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3400},"apc_paid":{"value":3400,"currency":"USD","value_usd":3400},"fwci":2.3331,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.88320328,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"86","issue":"2","first_page":"112","last_page":"143"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10567","display_name":"Vehicle Routing Optimization Methods","score":0.9975000023841858,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10567","display_name":"Vehicle Routing Optimization Methods","score":0.9975000023841858,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11133","display_name":"UAV Applications and Optimization","score":0.9943000078201294,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11942","display_name":"Transportation and Mobility Innovations","score":0.9902999997138977,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/travelling-salesman-problem","display_name":"Travelling salesman problem","score":0.8209748864173889},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7180870771408081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/benchmark","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","score":0.7002270221710205},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scalability","display_name":"Scalability","score":0.6670849919319153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/truck","display_name":"Truck","score":0.6267764568328857},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/drone","display_name":"Drone","score":0.6031226515769958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vehicle-routing-problem","display_name":"Vehicle routing problem","score":0.5544589161872864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/set","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","score":0.5334280729293823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operations-research","display_name":"Operations research","score":0.46930956840515137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.4399122893810272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/routing","display_name":"Routing (electronic design automation)","score":0.31051427125930786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.1792500615119934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.16478338837623596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.11451572179794312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.08906784653663635}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175859090","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q322212","display_name":"Travelling salesman problem","level":2,"score":0.8209748864173889},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7180870771408081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185798385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1161707","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","level":2,"score":0.7002270221710205},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48044578","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727490","display_name":"Scalability","level":2,"score":0.6670849919319153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52121051","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43193","display_name":"Truck","level":2,"score":0.6267764568328857},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59519942","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q650665","display_name":"Drone","level":2,"score":0.6031226515769958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123784306","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944041","display_name":"Vehicle routing problem","level":3,"score":0.5544589161872864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.5334280729293823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42475967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194292","display_name":"Operations research","level":1,"score":0.46930956840515137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.4399122893810272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74172769","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1446839","display_name":"Routing (electronic design automation)","level":2,"score":0.31051427125930786},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.1792500615119934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.16478338837623596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.11451572179794312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.08906784653663635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13280743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131089","display_name":"Geodesy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146978453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798668","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1002/net.22280","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/net.22280","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S191798613","display_name":"Networks","issn_l":"0028-3045","issn":["0028-3045","1097-0037"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Networks","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1002/net.22280","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/net.22280","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S191798613","display_name":"Networks","issn_l":"0028-3045","issn":["0028-3045","1097-0037"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320595","host_organization_name":"Wiley","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320595"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Wiley"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Networks","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":25,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1977319619","https://openalex.org/W2168919539","https://openalex.org/W2346699423","https://openalex.org/W2589118488","https://openalex.org/W2750190423","https://openalex.org/W2767877925","https://openalex.org/W2940865666","https://openalex.org/W2947073481","https://openalex.org/W2969298238","https://openalex.org/W2980382628","https://openalex.org/W3032947628","https://openalex.org/W3087935424","https://openalex.org/W3099096819","https://openalex.org/W3118985022","https://openalex.org/W3119167717","https://openalex.org/W3125377832","https://openalex.org/W3128252576","https://openalex.org/W3159668595","https://openalex.org/W3200556744","https://openalex.org/W4221013694","https://openalex.org/W4224309848","https://openalex.org/W4383264439","https://openalex.org/W4387331274","https://openalex.org/W4390746704","https://openalex.org/W4391449396"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4229448053","https://openalex.org/W4247925126","https://openalex.org/W4327774218","https://openalex.org/W2059768187","https://openalex.org/W4312858960","https://openalex.org/W4386036939","https://openalex.org/W4379143281","https://openalex.org/W2605096541","https://openalex.org/W3200286695","https://openalex.org/W4212885606"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"ABSTRACT":[0],"Nowadays,":[1],"driven":[2],"by":[3,147,166],"factors":[4],"such":[5],"as":[6,40],"the":[7,26,34,49,60,71,88,124,140,148,163,180,196,200,204,207,233,236,253,256],"rapid":[8],"growth":[9],"of":[10,29,36,51,78,95,105,203,228,235,248],"online":[11],"sales,":[12],"different":[13,249],"delivery":[14,45,81,135,142,149],"methods":[15],"are":[16],"being":[17],"explored":[18],"to":[19,43,48,75,86,101,132,151,231],"improve":[20],"last\u2010mile":[21],"logistics":[22],"processes.":[23],"Among":[24],"these,":[25],"combined":[27],"use":[28,186],"trucks":[30],"and":[31,33,66,98,144,170,255],"drones":[32],"option":[35],"utilizing":[37],"parcel":[38,121,155],"lockers":[39],"an":[41,246],"alternative":[42],"home":[44,114],"have":[46],"led":[47],"definition":[50],"new":[52,160,226],"optimization":[53,73],"problems.":[54],"In":[55],"this":[56],"work,":[57],"we":[58,223,240],"study":[59],"Traveling":[61],"Salesman":[62],"Problem":[63],"with":[64],"Drone":[65],"Lockers":[67],"(":[68],"TSP\u2010DL":[69,208],"),":[70],"first":[72],"problem":[74],"integrate":[76],"both":[77],"these":[79],"innovative":[80],"methods.":[82],"The":[83,129],"goal":[84],"is":[85,131],"determine":[87],"optimal":[89,212],"route":[90],"for":[91,162,206,217],"a":[92,96,99,103,120,159,173,225],"tandem":[93,125],"consisting":[94],"truck":[97,254],"drone":[100],"serve":[102],"set":[104,227],"customers.":[106],"Each":[107],"customer":[108],"can":[109],"either":[110,211],"be":[111],"served":[112,153],"at":[113],"or":[115,214],"retrieve":[116],"their":[117],"package":[118],"from":[119,245],"locker":[122],"where":[123],"has":[126],"delivered":[127],"it.":[128],"objective":[130],"minimize":[133],"total":[134,141],"costs,":[136],"which":[137],"depend":[138],"on":[139,191],"time":[143,187],"compensation":[145],"provided":[146],"company":[150],"customers":[152],"via":[154],"lockers.":[156],"We":[157],"propose":[158],"formulation":[161],"TSP\u2010DL,":[164],"strengthened":[165],"additional":[167],"valid":[168],"inequalities":[169],"solved":[171],"using":[172],"Branch\u2010and\u2010Cut":[174],"algorithm.":[175],"Unlike":[176],"other":[177],"formulations":[178],"in":[179],"literature,":[181],"our":[182],"approach":[183,198],"does":[184],"not":[185],"variables.":[188],"Computational":[189],"experiments":[190],"benchmark":[192,229],"instances":[193,230],"demonstrate":[194],"that":[195],"proposed":[197,237],"outperforms":[199],"current":[201],"state":[202],"art":[205],",":[209],"providing":[210],"solutions":[213],"improved":[215],"bounds":[216],"several":[218],"previously":[219],"unsolved":[220],"instances.":[221],"Additionally,":[222],"introduce":[224],"evaluate":[232],"scalability":[234],"approach.":[238],"Finally,":[239],"provide":[241],"managerial":[242],"insights":[243],"derived":[244],"analysis":[247],"coordination":[250],"policies":[251],"between":[252],"drone.":[257]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
