{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4311188517","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s44196-022-00163-9","title":"Markdown Optimization with Generalized Weighted Least Squares Estimation","display_name":"Markdown Optimization with Generalized Weighted Least Squares Estimation","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-12-12","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4311188517","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s44196-022-00163-9"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s44196-022-00163-9","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s44196-022-00163-9","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s44196-022-00163-9.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190680769","display_name":"International Journal of Computational Intelligence Systems","issn_l":"1875-6883","issn":["1875-6883","1875-6891"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Computational Intelligence Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s44196-022-00163-9.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025996555","display_name":"Mustafa Hekimo\u011flu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9446-0582"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I132286405","display_name":"Kadir Has University","ror":"https://ror.org/03zzckc47","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I132286405"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Mustafa Hekimo\u011flu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Industrial Engineering, Kadir Has University, Cibali Mah., Hisaralt\u0131 Cad. No: 17, Fatih, 34083, Istanbul, Turkey"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9446-0582","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Industrial Engineering, Kadir Has University, Cibali Mah., Hisaralt\u0131 Cad. No: 17, Fatih, 34083, Istanbul, Turkey","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I132286405"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5025996555"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I132286405"],"apc_list":{"value":2090,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2090},"apc_paid":{"value":2090,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2090},"fwci":0.2691,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.62573976,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"15","issue":"1","first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11161","display_name":"Consumer Market Behavior and Pricing","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1406","display_name":"Marketing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11161","display_name":"Consumer Market Behavior and Pricing","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1406","display_name":"Marketing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11918","display_name":"Forecasting Techniques and Applications","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10328","display_name":"Supply Chain and Inventory Management","score":0.987500011920929,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1404","display_name":"Management Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discretization","display_name":"Discretization","score":0.8232612609863281},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generalization","display_name":"Generalization","score":0.7707926034927368},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.5842646956443787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/econometrics","display_name":"Econometrics","score":0.580136239528656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generalized-least-squares","display_name":"Generalized least squares","score":0.5383414626121521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/least-squares-function-approximation","display_name":"Least-squares function approximation","score":0.5269601941108704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/estimation","display_name":"Estimation","score":0.5019590854644775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.4831201732158661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.3709503412246704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.3485879898071289},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economics","display_name":"Economics","score":0.23974007368087769}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73000952","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17007827","display_name":"Discretization","level":2,"score":0.8232612609863281},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177148314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170084","display_name":"Generalization","level":2,"score":0.7707926034927368},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.5842646956443787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149782125","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160039","display_name":"Econometrics","level":1,"score":0.580136239528656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188649462","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2246261","display_name":"Generalized least squares","level":3,"score":0.5383414626121521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9936470","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6510405","display_name":"Least-squares function approximation","level":3,"score":0.5269601941108704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C96250715","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q965330","display_name":"Estimation","level":2,"score":0.5019590854644775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.4831201732158661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3709503412246704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.3485879898071289},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.23974007368087769},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185429906","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1130160","display_name":"Estimator","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1007/s44196-022-00163-9","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s44196-022-00163-9","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s44196-022-00163-9.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190680769","display_name":"International Journal of Computational Intelligence Systems","issn_l":"1875-6883","issn":["1875-6883","1875-6891"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Computational Intelligence Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:f27cb5b05e1140cd9598664a91e524ed","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/f27cb5b05e1140cd9598664a91e524ed","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Computational Intelligence Systems, Vol 15, Iss 1, Pp 1-14 (2022)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1007/s44196-022-00163-9","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s44196-022-00163-9","pdf_url":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s44196-022-00163-9.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190680769","display_name":"International Journal of Computational Intelligence Systems","issn_l":"1875-6883","issn":["1875-6883","1875-6891"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319965","host_organization_name":"Springer Nature","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319965"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Springer Nature"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"International Journal of Computational Intelligence Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4311188517.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4311188517.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":36,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W615510159","https://openalex.org/W641680679","https://openalex.org/W1844439099","https://openalex.org/W1975285668","https://openalex.org/W1979683309","https://openalex.org/W1981780459","https://openalex.org/W2008666452","https://openalex.org/W2017977879","https://openalex.org/W2018868680","https://openalex.org/W2047694274","https://openalex.org/W2073308813","https://openalex.org/W2089513618","https://openalex.org/W2098998642","https://openalex.org/W2109216884","https://openalex.org/W2141221125","https://openalex.org/W2161891455","https://openalex.org/W2170277208","https://openalex.org/W2335300177","https://openalex.org/W2480875231","https://openalex.org/W2487770199","https://openalex.org/W2571304362","https://openalex.org/W2582658777","https://openalex.org/W2598087056","https://openalex.org/W2787894218","https://openalex.org/W2791554353","https://openalex.org/W2800084145","https://openalex.org/W2901462862","https://openalex.org/W2913055028","https://openalex.org/W2937427186","https://openalex.org/W3012369205","https://openalex.org/W3023677070","https://openalex.org/W3124564277","https://openalex.org/W3125579698","https://openalex.org/W3126552509","https://openalex.org/W3172054899","https://openalex.org/W4251532528"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2034819163","https://openalex.org/W2167126078","https://openalex.org/W4319880936","https://openalex.org/W2797020683","https://openalex.org/W1959514624","https://openalex.org/W4250719734","https://openalex.org/W2065890685","https://openalex.org/W4380487384","https://openalex.org/W2123913166","https://openalex.org/W79007405"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Abstract":[0],"Retailers":[1],"increasingly":[2],"apply":[3],"price":[4],"markdowns":[5],"for":[6,46,52,93],"their":[7,95],"seasonal":[8],"products.":[9],"Efficiency":[10],"of":[11,20,27,63,79,86,105,114,133],"these":[12],"markdown":[13,55],"applications":[14],"is":[15,67],"driven":[16],"by":[17,69,127],"the":[18,25,32,48,61,87,102,111,124,134],"accuracy":[19,104,126],"empirical":[21],"models,":[22],"especially":[23],"toward":[24],"end":[26],"a":[28,53,64,84,91],"selling":[29,65],"season.":[30],"In":[31],"literature,":[33],"recent":[34,115],"sales":[35,44,116],"are":[36],"recognized":[37],"to":[38,100,129],"be":[39],"more":[40],"important":[41],"than":[42],"older":[43],"data":[45],"estimating":[47],"current":[49],"period\u2019s":[50],"demand":[51],"given":[54],"level.":[56],"The":[57],"importance":[58,112],"difference":[59,113],"between":[60],"weeks":[62],"season":[66],"addressed":[68],"weighted":[70],"least":[71],"squares":[72],"(WLS)":[73],"method":[74,92],"with":[75],"continuous":[76],"weight":[77,88,121,139],"functions":[78,89,122],"time.":[80],"This":[81],"study":[82],"suggests":[83],"generalization":[85],"and":[90,97,131],"optimizing":[94],"shape":[96],"discretization":[98,140],"parameters":[99],"stimulate":[101],"predictive":[103],"models.":[106],"We":[107],"find":[108],"that":[109],"addressing":[110],"observations":[117],"using":[118],"our":[119,138],"generalized":[120],"improves":[123],"forecast":[125],"up":[128],"20%,":[130],"most":[132],"improvement":[135],"stems":[136],"from":[137],"method.":[141]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-31T08:31:51.225901","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}