{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2128119909","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/43.229735","title":"Switch-level timing simulation of bipolar ECL circuits","display_name":"Switch-level timing simulation of bipolar ECL circuits","publication_year":1993,"publication_date":"1993-04-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2128119909","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/43.229735","mag":"2128119909"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/43.229735","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/43.229735","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S100835903","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Computer-Aided Design of Integrated Circuits and Systems","issn_l":"0278-0070","issn":["0278-0070","1937-4151"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Computer-Aided Design of Integrated Circuits and Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113566990","display_name":"A.T. Yang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I201448701","display_name":"University of Washington","ror":"https://ror.org/00cvxb145","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A.T. Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA","[Dept. of Electr. Eng., Washington Univ., Seattle, WA, USA]"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Dept. of Electr. Eng., Washington Univ., Seattle, WA, USA]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079591307","display_name":"Yi-Shing Chang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9747-2586"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I201448701","display_name":"University of Washington","ror":"https://ror.org/00cvxb145","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Y.-H. Chang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA","[Dept. of Electr. Eng., Washington Univ., Seattle, WA, USA]"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Dept. of Electr. Eng., Washington Univ., Seattle, WA, USA]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201448701"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021334492","display_name":"D.G. Saab","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157725225","display_name":"University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign","ror":"https://ror.org/047426m28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"D.G. Saab","raw_affiliation_strings":["Coordinated Science Laboratory and the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA","[Coordinated Science Laboratory, and the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA]"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Coordinated Science Laboratory and the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Coordinated Science Laboratory, and the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110213018","display_name":"I.N. Hajj","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157725225","display_name":"University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign","ror":"https://ror.org/047426m28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"I.N. Hajj","raw_affiliation_strings":["Coordinated Science Laboratory and the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA","[Coordinated Science Laboratory, and the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA]"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Coordinated Science Laboratory and the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Coordinated Science Laboratory, and the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.0668,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.77797611,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":93},"biblio":{"volume":"12","issue":"4","first_page":"516","last_page":"530"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10363","display_name":"Low-power high-performance VLSI design","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10363","display_name":"Low-power high-performance VLSI design","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10472","display_name":"Semiconductor materials and devices","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12495","display_name":"Electrostatic Discharge in Electronics","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spice","display_name":"Spice","score":0.6888900399208069},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bipolar-junction-transistor","display_name":"Bipolar junction transistor","score":0.6303352117538452},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5467416644096375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-circuit","display_name":"Electronic circuit","score":0.5237160325050354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interconnection","display_name":"Interconnection","score":0.5225702524185181},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.5030602812767029},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/propagation-delay","display_name":"Propagation delay","score":0.44889453053474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transistor","display_name":"Transistor","score":0.371738463640213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/topology","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","score":0.3309176564216614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.27861469984054565},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.20699593424797058},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.08894690871238708}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780077345","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16891888","display_name":"Spice","level":2,"score":0.6888900399208069},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23061349","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188946","display_name":"Bipolar junction transistor","level":4,"score":0.6303352117538452},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5467416644096375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134146338","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1815901","display_name":"Electronic circuit","level":2,"score":0.5237160325050354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123745756","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1665949","display_name":"Interconnection","level":2,"score":0.5225702524185181},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.5030602812767029},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C90806461","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1144416","display_name":"Propagation delay","level":2,"score":0.44889453053474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172385210","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5339","display_name":"Transistor","level":3,"score":0.371738463640213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184720557","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7825049","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","level":2,"score":0.3309176564216614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.27861469984054565},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.20699593424797058},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.08894690871238708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/43.229735","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/43.229735","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S100835903","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Computer-Aided Design of Integrated Circuits and Systems","issn_l":"0278-0070","issn":["0278-0070","1937-4151"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Computer-Aided Design of Integrated Circuits and Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":19,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1543879942","https://openalex.org/W2044278996","https://openalex.org/W2056225453","https://openalex.org/W2063209251","https://openalex.org/W2085972998","https://openalex.org/W2089509357","https://openalex.org/W2097774098","https://openalex.org/W2111905598","https://openalex.org/W2116898719","https://openalex.org/W2117795311","https://openalex.org/W2138202641","https://openalex.org/W2139002947","https://openalex.org/W2163478049","https://openalex.org/W2171819565","https://openalex.org/W3145563800","https://openalex.org/W4252162448","https://openalex.org/W6676703414","https://openalex.org/W6677638796","https://openalex.org/W6793422655"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2204879205","https://openalex.org/W2096437374","https://openalex.org/W1943174035","https://openalex.org/W1928481607","https://openalex.org/W3135165657","https://openalex.org/W2798845339","https://openalex.org/W2912949236","https://openalex.org/W1545891137","https://openalex.org/W3211084114","https://openalex.org/W2035475131"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0],"method":[1],"for":[2],"switch-level":[3],"timing":[4],"simulation":[5],"of":[6,20,25,32,54,59,98,117],"bipolar":[7],"emitter-coupled-logic":[8],"(ECL)":[9],"circuits":[10],"is":[11,15,40,70],"presented.":[12],"The":[13,38,90,115],"approach":[14],"based":[16,78],"on":[17,29,79,95],"the":[18,26,30,33,45,51,55,96,141],"development":[19],"a":[21,36,73,118,153],"switch":[22],"level":[23],"model":[24,77,92,113],"transistor":[27,82],"and":[28,44,62,87,103,110,136],"representation":[31],"circuit":[34,39,109],"by":[35,152],"switch-graph.":[37],"partitioned":[41],"into":[42],"subcircuits,":[43],"symbolic":[46],"logic":[47,52],"expressions,":[48],"which":[49],"represent":[50],"states":[53],"nodes":[56],"in":[57],"terms":[58],"subcircuit":[60],"inputs":[61],"initial":[63],"conditions,":[64],"are":[65,150],"then":[66],"generated.":[67],"Timing":[68],"information":[69],"computed":[71],"using":[72],"new":[74],"physical":[75],"delay":[76,91],"device":[80],"equations,":[81],"interconnection,":[83],"input":[84],"slew":[85],"rate,":[86],"loading":[88],"conditions.":[89],"was":[93],"derived":[94],"basis":[97],"average":[99],"branch":[100],"current":[101,149],"analysis":[102],"incorporates":[104],"more":[105],"than":[106],"15":[107],"delay-sensitive":[108],"SPICE":[111],"BJT":[112],"parameters.":[114],"use":[116],"novel":[119],"parametric":[120],"correction":[121],"scheme":[122],"permits":[123],"greater":[124],"freedom":[125],"to":[126,146],"handle":[127],"complex":[128],"effects":[129,144],"such":[130],"as":[131],"high-level":[132],"injection,":[133],"parasitic":[134],"resistances,":[135],"interconnection":[137],"delay.":[138],"In":[139],"addition,":[140],"dynamic":[142],"fanout":[143,154],"due":[145],"base":[147],"leakage":[148],"incorporated":[151],"collapsing":[155],"technique.<":[156],"<ETX":[157],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[158],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">&gt;</ETX>":[159]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
