{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2971290680","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iv.2019.00039","title":"Denoising and Stability using Independent Component Analysis in High Dimensions \u2013 Visual Inspection Still Required","display_name":"Denoising and Stability using Independent Component Analysis in High Dimensions \u2013 Visual Inspection Still Required","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2971290680","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iv.2019.00039","mag":"2971290680"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/iv.2019.00039","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iv.2019.00039","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2019 23rd International Conference Information Visualisation (IV)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074396845","display_name":"Subhajit Chakrabarty","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0818-3190"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I133738476","display_name":"University of Massachusetts Lowell","ror":"https://ror.org/03hamhx47","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I133738476"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Subhajit Chakrabarty","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dept. of Computer Science, University Massachusetts Lowell, MA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Computer Science, University Massachusetts Lowell, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I133738476"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029374376","display_name":"Haim Levkowitz","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I133738476","display_name":"University of Massachusetts Lowell","ror":"https://ror.org/03hamhx47","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I133738476"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Haim Levkowitz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dept. of Computer Science, University Massachusetts Lowell, MA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Computer Science, University Massachusetts Lowell, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I133738476"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I133738476"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.3823,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.50821761,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"12","issue":null,"first_page":"181","last_page":"185"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11447","display_name":"Blind Source Separation Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11447","display_name":"Blind Source Separation Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11021","display_name":"ECG Monitoring and Analysis","score":0.9911999702453613,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2705","display_name":"Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10688","display_name":"Image and Signal Denoising Methods","score":0.9824000000953674,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/independent-component-analysis","display_name":"Independent component analysis","score":0.7990628480911255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resampling","display_name":"Resampling","score":0.7276334762573242},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6786516904830933},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stability","display_name":"Stability (learning theory)","score":0.6346032619476318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dimensionality-reduction","display_name":"Dimensionality reduction","score":0.5998848676681519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/principal-component-analysis","display_name":"Principal component analysis","score":0.5814342498779297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noise-reduction","display_name":"Noise reduction","score":0.5755479335784912},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noise","display_name":"Noise (video)","score":0.5655434131622314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cluster-analysis","display_name":"Cluster analysis","score":0.5516433119773865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/curse-of-dimensionality","display_name":"Curse of dimensionality","score":0.527969479560852},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5011956691741943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/component","display_name":"Component (thermodynamics)","score":0.47743257880210876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bootstrapping","display_name":"Bootstrapping (finance)","score":0.47166740894317627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/projection-pursuit","display_name":"Projection pursuit","score":0.4592762589454651},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.45883601903915405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/visual-inspection","display_name":"Visual inspection","score":0.4367062747478485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.4298282861709595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/index","display_name":"Index (typography)","score":0.41000261902809143},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.3089001178741455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.24814468622207642},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.21553191542625427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/econometrics","display_name":"Econometrics","score":0.10001853108406067}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51432778","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1259145","display_name":"Independent component analysis","level":2,"score":0.7990628480911255},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150921843","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1170431","display_name":"Resampling","level":2,"score":0.7276334762573242},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6786516904830933},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112972136","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7595718","display_name":"Stability (learning theory)","level":2,"score":0.6346032619476318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70518039","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16000077","display_name":"Dimensionality reduction","level":2,"score":0.5998848676681519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27438332","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2873","display_name":"Principal component analysis","level":2,"score":0.5814342498779297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163294075","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q581861","display_name":"Noise reduction","level":2,"score":0.5755479335784912},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99498987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2210247","display_name":"Noise (video)","level":3,"score":0.5655434131622314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73555534","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q622825","display_name":"Cluster analysis","level":2,"score":0.5516433119773865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111030470","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1430460","display_name":"Curse of dimensionality","level":2,"score":0.527969479560852},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5011956691741943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168167062","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1117970","display_name":"Component (thermodynamics)","level":2,"score":0.47743257880210876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207609745","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4944086","display_name":"Bootstrapping (finance)","level":2,"score":0.47166740894317627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118038509","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q382970","display_name":"Projection pursuit","level":2,"score":0.4592762589454651},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.45883601903915405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168820333","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q448889","display_name":"Visual inspection","level":2,"score":0.4367062747478485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.4298282861709595},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777382242","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6017816","display_name":"Index (typography)","level":2,"score":0.41000261902809143},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.3089001178741455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.24814468622207642},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.21553191542625427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149782125","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160039","display_name":"Econometrics","level":1,"score":0.10001853108406067},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97355855","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11473","display_name":"Thermodynamics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/iv.2019.00039","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iv.2019.00039","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2019 23rd International Conference Information Visualisation (IV)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":44,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W127503630","https://openalex.org/W1524841735","https://openalex.org/W1596301525","https://openalex.org/W1759737326","https://openalex.org/W1965551074","https://openalex.org/W1985803566","https://openalex.org/W1988710410","https://openalex.org/W2007221293","https://openalex.org/W2019502123","https://openalex.org/W2021345747","https://openalex.org/W2026769592","https://openalex.org/W2038010805","https://openalex.org/W2052070544","https://openalex.org/W2056925087","https://openalex.org/W2068257608","https://openalex.org/W2076396344","https://openalex.org/W2078993594","https://openalex.org/W2082930519","https://openalex.org/W2083444903","https://openalex.org/W2092965986","https://openalex.org/W2105909330","https://openalex.org/W2112879383","https://openalex.org/W2114512489","https://openalex.org/W2122393449","https://openalex.org/W2123649031","https://openalex.org/W2124757684","https://openalex.org/W2127666100","https://openalex.org/W2128160875","https://openalex.org/W2133069808","https://openalex.org/W2137387582","https://openalex.org/W2141224535","https://openalex.org/W2145444715","https://openalex.org/W2150665176","https://openalex.org/W2157765880","https://openalex.org/W2160704933","https://openalex.org/W2165871444","https://openalex.org/W2171746332","https://openalex.org/W2541843830","https://openalex.org/W2574774005","https://openalex.org/W6647550179","https://openalex.org/W6670693114","https://openalex.org/W6675871858","https://openalex.org/W6679756777","https://openalex.org/W6683344597"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1534274833","https://openalex.org/W3117246195","https://openalex.org/W2472372988","https://openalex.org/W2121429698","https://openalex.org/W2182042810","https://openalex.org/W2375771286","https://openalex.org/W69222743","https://openalex.org/W1913467779","https://openalex.org/W4229900761","https://openalex.org/W2149345204"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Independent":[0],"Component":[1],"Analysis":[2],"(ICA)":[3],"has":[4],"emerged":[5],"as":[6,15],"a":[7,83,91,97,107],"useful":[8],"method":[9],"for":[10,114,237],"separation":[11,133],"of":[12,24,27,57,66,76,86,101,109,146,163,173,177,230],"components,":[13],"such":[14],"in":[16,32,78,225],"removing":[17,203],"noise":[18,204],"from":[19],"data.":[20],"We":[21,89,104,121],"examine":[22,71],"one":[23],"the":[25,36,54,58,61,123,127,131,137,155,161,178,189,211,213,216,231],"challenges":[26],"ICA":[28,43,77,117],"-":[29,113,188,240],"instability,":[30],"particularly":[31],"high":[33,79,185,226],"dimensions,":[34,227],"when":[35,42,182],"independent":[37],"components":[38,205,233],"vary,":[39],"each":[40],"time":[41,99],"is":[44,69,96,149,168,234],"performed.":[45],"This":[46],"may":[47,191,196],"be":[48],"due":[49],"to":[50,70,154],"various":[51],"causes":[52],"including":[53],"stochastic":[55],"nature":[56],"algorithm":[59],"and":[60,73,81,111,119,136,195],"additive":[62],"noise.":[63],"The":[64,142,165],"objective":[65],"this":[67,147],"study":[68],"denoising":[72,239],"stability":[74,129],"issues":[75],"dimensions":[80],"make":[82],"comparative":[84],"evaluation":[85],"select":[87],"approaches.":[88],"take":[90],"challenging":[92],"electrocardiogram":[93],"dataset":[94],"which":[95],"high-dimensional":[98],"series":[100],"multiple":[102],"sensors.":[103],"experiment":[105],"with":[106,184],"mix":[108],"approaches":[110],"methods":[112,243],"resampling,":[115],"clustering,":[116],"algorithms":[118],"dimensionality.":[120],"check":[122],"internal":[124],"validity":[125],"using":[126],"Icasso":[128,214],"index,":[130],"Amari":[132],"performance":[134],"index":[135,181,190,218],"Minimum":[138,179],"Distance":[139,180],"(MD)":[140],"index.":[141],"first":[143],"key":[144],"contribution":[145,167],"work":[148],"that":[150,157,169],"it":[151,170],"finds":[152,171],"counter-evidence":[153],"claim":[156],"resampling":[158],"(bootstrapping)":[159],"tackles":[160],"question":[162],"stability.":[164],"second":[166],"evidence":[172],"an":[174],"important":[175],"limitation":[176],"dealing":[183],"dimensional":[186],"data":[187,241],"become":[192],"highly":[193],"concentrated":[194],"remain":[197],"sub-optimal":[198],"at":[199],"all":[200],"dimensions.":[201],"Selectively":[202],"by":[206],"visual":[207,228],"inspection":[208,229],"can":[209],"improve":[210],"Amari,":[212],"or":[215],"MD":[217],"values.":[219],"Some":[220],"automated":[221],"tools":[222],"exist,":[223],"but":[224],"individual":[232],"still":[235],"required":[236],"effective":[238],"driven":[242],"are":[244],"not":[245],"good":[246],"enough.":[247]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T14:22:42.915294","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
