{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2168183820","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tc.2007.70771","title":"Optimal Power/Performance Pipeline Depth for SMT in Scaled Technologies","display_name":"Optimal Power/Performance Pipeline Depth for SMT in Scaled Technologies","publication_year":2008,"publication_date":"2008-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2168183820","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tc.2007.70771","mag":"2168183820"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tc.2007.70771","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tc.2007.70771","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S157670870","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Computers","issn_l":"0018-9340","issn":["0018-9340","0016-9340","1557-9956","2326-3814"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Computers","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060645023","display_name":"Zeshan Chishti","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1455-4843"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1343180700","display_name":"Intel (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/01ek73717","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1343180700"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zeshan Chishti","raw_affiliation_strings":["Intel Corporation, Hillsboro, OR, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Intel Corporation, Hillsboro, OR, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1343180700"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103145581","display_name":"T. N. Vijaykumar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6624-4372"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I219193219","display_name":"Purdue University West Lafayette","ror":"https://ror.org/02dqehb95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"T.N. Vijaykumar","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.0261,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":10,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.82179811,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"57","issue":"1","first_page":"69","last_page":"81"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10054","display_name":"Parallel Computing and Optimization Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10054","display_name":"Parallel Computing and Optimization Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10829","display_name":"Interconnection Networks and Systems","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10363","display_name":"Low-power high-performance VLSI design","score":0.9983000159263611,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pipeline","display_name":"Pipeline (software)","score":0.9250146150588989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6710220575332642},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pipeline-transport","display_name":"Pipeline transport","score":0.5860130190849304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.5707542896270752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/performance-metric","display_name":"Performance metric","score":0.5285778641700745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metric","display_name":"Metric (unit)","score":0.4775570034980774},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-engineering","display_name":"Computer engineering","score":0.46017634868621826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scaling","display_name":"Scaling","score":0.4212878942489624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parallel-computing","display_name":"Parallel computing","score":0.4085322916507721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.329105943441391},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.15075397491455078},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.1501826047897339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.07470658421516418}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43521106","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2165493","display_name":"Pipeline (software)","level":2,"score":0.9250146150588989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6710220575332642},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175309249","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q725864","display_name":"Pipeline transport","level":2,"score":0.5860130190849304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.5707542896270752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780898871","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860554","display_name":"Performance metric","level":2,"score":0.5285778641700745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176217482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860554","display_name":"Metric (unit)","level":2,"score":0.4775570034980774},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113775141","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q428691","display_name":"Computer engineering","level":1,"score":0.46017634868621826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99844830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q102441924","display_name":"Scaling","level":2,"score":0.4212878942489624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.4085322916507721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.329105943441391},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.15075397491455078},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.1501826047897339},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.07470658421516418},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21547014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423657","display_name":"Operations management","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87717796","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q146326","display_name":"Environmental engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tc.2007.70771","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tc.2007.70771","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S157670870","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Computers","issn_l":"0018-9340","issn":["0018-9340","0016-9340","1557-9956","2326-3814"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Computers","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.7400000095367432,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":37,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1488327529","https://openalex.org/W1991805474","https://openalex.org/W2032094184","https://openalex.org/W2034919323","https://openalex.org/W2043687377","https://openalex.org/W2085705957","https://openalex.org/W2097273347","https://openalex.org/W2102081731","https://openalex.org/W2102727118","https://openalex.org/W2105834362","https://openalex.org/W2106625514","https://openalex.org/W2111880608","https://openalex.org/W2118532220","https://openalex.org/W2120230074","https://openalex.org/W2120368896","https://openalex.org/W2121050483","https://openalex.org/W2138351227","https://openalex.org/W2153169188","https://openalex.org/W2155470578","https://openalex.org/W2157676568","https://openalex.org/W2167683540","https://openalex.org/W2171825402","https://openalex.org/W2913171050","https://openalex.org/W3140903683","https://openalex.org/W3142147837","https://openalex.org/W4230084366","https://openalex.org/W4235861380","https://openalex.org/W4236258190","https://openalex.org/W4246870635","https://openalex.org/W4251451722","https://openalex.org/W4253378714","https://openalex.org/W4253421865","https://openalex.org/W4255868121","https://openalex.org/W6629068169","https://openalex.org/W6792903772","https://openalex.org/W6792941224","https://openalex.org/W6817363484"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4380433113","https://openalex.org/W4386072068","https://openalex.org/W252339960","https://openalex.org/W2390529043","https://openalex.org/W2378320433","https://openalex.org/W2358343511","https://openalex.org/W2051877971","https://openalex.org/W1970117064","https://openalex.org/W1787170397","https://openalex.org/W2752178021"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Performance":[0],"and":[1,52,122,140,166,182],"power":[2,36,51,106,121,139,181,280],"act":[3],"as":[4,195],"opposing":[5],"constraints":[6],"for":[7,47,69,84,132,176,231,249],"the":[8,17,24,35,43,79,94,113,129,146,153,168,173,214,243,255,265],"optimal":[9,44,80,133,147],"pipeline":[10,18,32,45,82,96,118,135,149,194,207,226,257],"depth":[11,19,46,83,97,119,208,258],"of":[12,116,216,235,267],"a":[13,30,75,187,232,278],"processor.":[14],"Although":[15,86],"increasing":[16],"may":[20],"enable":[21],"performance":[22,53,123],"improvement,":[23],"higher":[25],"clock":[26],"speed":[27],"associated":[28],"with":[29,210,229],"deeper":[31,188],"also":[33],"increases":[34,209],"dissipation.":[37],"Previous":[38],"papers":[39],"have":[40],"shown":[41,90],"that":[42,91],"superscalars":[48],"considering":[49,137,179],"both":[50,138,180],"is":[54,74,164],"18":[55],"to":[56,77,127,197],"20":[57],"fan-out-of-four":[58],"(FO4)":[59],"inverter":[60],"delays.":[61],"As":[62],"simultaneous":[63],"multithreading":[64],"(SMT)":[65],"becomes":[66,227],"increasingly":[67],"important":[68],"modern":[70],"high-end":[71],"processors,":[72],"there":[73],"need":[76],"quantify":[78,145],"power-performance":[81,155],"SMT.":[85],"previous":[87],"work":[88],"has":[89,186],"SMT":[92,134,148,177,185,206,225,247,272,285],"retains":[93],"performance-optimal":[95],"in":[98,213],"near-future":[99],"technologies,":[100],"this":[101],"result":[102],"does":[103],"not":[104],"take":[105],"into":[107,246],"account.":[108],"The":[109,200,219],"intricate":[110],"interplay":[111],"between":[112],"relative":[114],"impacts":[115],"changing":[117],"on":[120,152,238,270],"makes":[124],"it":[125],"difficult":[126],"predict":[128],"scaling":[130,174],"trends":[131,175],"depths":[136,150],"performance.":[141],"Using":[142],"simulations,":[143],"we":[144,241],"based":[151],"well-known":[154],"metric":[156],"PD":[157,189,201,220],"<sup":[158,190,202,221],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[159,191,203,222],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">3</sup>":[160,192,204,223],".":[161],"Our":[162],"analysis":[163],"novel":[165],"provides":[167],"following":[169,244],"key":[170],"results":[171],"about":[172],"pipelines":[178,286],"performance:":[183],"1)":[184,252],"-optimal":[193,205,224],"compared":[196],"superscalar.":[198],"2)":[199,275],"an":[211,271],"increase":[212],"number":[215,234,266],"programs.":[217,236],"3)":[218],"shallower":[228],"technology":[230,260,283],"given":[233],"Based":[237],"these":[239],"results,":[240],"provide":[242],"insights":[245],"designs":[248],"future":[250],"technologies:":[251],"To":[253,276],"retain":[254],"PD3-optimal":[256],"across":[259,282],"generations":[261],"while":[262],"being":[263],"energy-efficient,":[264],"programs":[268],"running":[269],"must":[273,287],"increase.":[274],"maintain":[277],"constant":[279],"dissipation":[281],"generations,":[284],"become":[288],"shallower.":[289]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}