{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2145063378","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tevc.2004.840153","title":"Domain of Competence of XCS Classifier System in Complexity Measurement Space","display_name":"Domain of Competence of XCS Classifier System in Complexity Measurement Space","publication_year":2005,"publication_date":"2005-02-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2145063378","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tevc.2004.840153","mag":"2145063378"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/tevc.2004.840153","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tevc.2004.840153","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S93787993","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Evolutionary Computation","issn_l":"1089-778X","issn":["1089-778X","1941-0026"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Evolutionary Computation","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050251949","display_name":"Ester Bernad\u00f3-Mansilla","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9204-4144"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I5593406","display_name":"Universitat Ramon Llull","ror":"https://ror.org/04p9k2z50","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I5593406"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I72090969","display_name":"Nokia (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/038km2573","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2738502077","https://openalex.org/I72090969"]}],"countries":["ES","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"E. Bernado-Mansilla","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer Engineering Department, Enginyeria i Arquitectura La Salle, Ramon Llull University, Barcelona, Spain","Comput. Sci. Res. Center, Bell Labs., Murray Hill, NJ, USA#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer Engineering Department, Enginyeria i Arquitectura La Salle, Ramon Llull University, Barcelona, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5593406"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Comput. Sci. Res. Center, Bell Labs., Murray Hill, NJ, USA#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I72090969"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103907847","display_name":"T.K. Ho","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I72090969","display_name":"Nokia (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/038km2573","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2738502077","https://openalex.org/I72090969"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"T.K. Ho","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computing Sciences Research Center, Bell Laboratories, Lucent Technologies, Inc., Murray Hill, NJ, USA","Comput. Sci. Res. Center, Bell Labs., Murray Hill, NJ, USA#TAB#"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computing Sciences Research Center, Bell Laboratories, Lucent Technologies, Inc., Murray Hill, NJ, USA","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Comput. Sci. Res. Center, Bell Labs., Murray Hill, NJ, USA#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I72090969"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":12.8641,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":107,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98651098,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"9","issue":"1","first_page":"82","last_page":"104"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11975","display_name":"Evolutionary Algorithms and Applications","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11975","display_name":"Evolutionary Algorithms and Applications","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10100","display_name":"Metaheuristic Optimization Algorithms Research","score":0.989799976348877,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12002","display_name":"Computability, Logic, AI Algorithms","score":0.9805999994277954,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/classifier","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","score":0.820609450340271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6332773566246033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.5458630919456482},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quadratic-classifier","display_name":"Quadratic classifier","score":0.5179589986801147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5162720680236816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/margin-classifier","display_name":"Margin classifier","score":0.45393598079681396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.4263845682144165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.3852262496948242}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95623464","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1096149","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","level":2,"score":0.820609450340271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6332773566246033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.5458630919456482},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52620605","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7268357","display_name":"Quadratic classifier","level":3,"score":0.5179589986801147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5162720680236816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173102733","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6760396","display_name":"Margin classifier","level":3,"score":0.45393598079681396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.4263845682144165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.3852262496948242}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/tevc.2004.840153","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/tevc.2004.840153","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S93787993","display_name":"IEEE Transactions on Evolutionary Computation","issn_l":"1089-778X","issn":["1089-778X","1941-0026"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Transactions on Evolutionary Computation","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.7699999809265137,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":62,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W137305107","https://openalex.org/W195633326","https://openalex.org/W1497256448","https://openalex.org/W1506349967","https://openalex.org/W1511618494","https://openalex.org/W1511791572","https://openalex.org/W1515620500","https://openalex.org/W1548227173","https://openalex.org/W1572356254","https://openalex.org/W1638203394","https://openalex.org/W1639032689","https://openalex.org/W1840702012","https://openalex.org/W1964402642","https://openalex.org/W1966375248","https://openalex.org/W1989101984","https://openalex.org/W1994660406","https://openalex.org/W2017927472","https://openalex.org/W2027390033","https://openalex.org/W2043003550","https://openalex.org/W2052153221","https://openalex.org/W2084028892","https://openalex.org/W2084812512","https://openalex.org/W2098888151","https://openalex.org/W2106728932","https://openalex.org/W2113242816","https://openalex.org/W2121502920","https://openalex.org/W2121863487","https://openalex.org/W2125321720","https://openalex.org/W2125877832","https://openalex.org/W2126926002","https://openalex.org/W2139281265","https://openalex.org/W2147169507","https://openalex.org/W2149965671","https://openalex.org/W2151772090","https://openalex.org/W2154225404","https://openalex.org/W2157838568","https://openalex.org/W2163200437","https://openalex.org/W2167277498","https://openalex.org/W2286297822","https://openalex.org/W2410791435","https://openalex.org/W2469703414","https://openalex.org/W2477329842","https://openalex.org/W2786741601","https://openalex.org/W2895774836","https://openalex.org/W2912934387","https://openalex.org/W2951539267","https://openalex.org/W3003623942","https://openalex.org/W3023540311","https://openalex.org/W3028232160","https://openalex.org/W4212883601","https://openalex.org/W4214717370","https://openalex.org/W4244238212","https://openalex.org/W4248194948","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W6607865546","https://openalex.org/W6607979454","https://openalex.org/W6630418814","https://openalex.org/W6630594069","https://openalex.org/W6677845425","https://openalex.org/W6678845729","https://openalex.org/W6714846193","https://openalex.org/W7047109785"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2162083125","https://openalex.org/W1483596504","https://openalex.org/W2009506202","https://openalex.org/W58702947","https://openalex.org/W47559851","https://openalex.org/W1775174800","https://openalex.org/W2297694731","https://openalex.org/W204488290","https://openalex.org/W2096969571","https://openalex.org/W2040550925"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,39,123],"XCS":[1,25,65,111,153,167],"classifier":[2,157,181,203,214],"system":[3],"has":[4,42,116],"recently":[5],"shown":[6],"a":[7,13,69,76,80,86,202,207,217],"high":[8,126,162],"degree":[9,163],"of":[10,15,23,48,53,62,64,68,75,82,88,133,135,139,143,152,164,166,178,187,196],"competence":[11,63,165],"on":[12,110],"variety":[14],"data":[16],"mining":[17],"problems,":[18,170],"but":[19],"to":[20,45,100,174,183],"what":[21],"kind":[22],"problems":[24,91],"is":[26,31],"well":[27],"and":[28,103,131,141],"poorly":[29],"suited":[30],"seldom":[32],"understood,":[33],"especially":[34],"for":[35,106,120,216],"real-world":[36,54],"classification":[37,55,77,90,219],"problems.":[38,56],"major":[40],"inconvenience":[41],"been":[43,117],"attributed":[44],"the":[46,50,60,73,149,161,176,179,184,188,191,197,212],"difficulty":[47],"determining":[49,211],"intrinsic":[51],"characteristics":[52],"This":[57],"paper":[58],"investigates":[59],"domain":[61],"by":[66,79],"means":[67],"methodology":[70],"that":[71],"characterizes":[72],"complexity":[74,95,186,198],"problem":[78],"set":[81],"geometrical":[83,185],"descriptors.":[84],"In":[85],"study":[87],"392":[89],"along":[92],"with":[93,112,154],"their":[94],"characterization,":[96],"we":[97,171],"are":[98,172],"able":[99,173],"identify":[101],"difficult":[102],"easy":[104],"domains":[105],"XCS.":[107],"We":[108,146],"focus":[109],"hyperrectangle":[113],"codification,":[114],"which":[115],"predominantly":[118],"used":[119],"real-attributed":[121],"domains.":[122],"results":[124,192],"show":[125],"correlations":[127],"between":[128],"XCS's":[129],"performance":[130,151],"measures":[132],"length":[134],"class":[136],"boundaries,":[137],"compactness":[138],"classes,":[140],"nonlinearities":[142],"decision":[144],"boundaries.":[145],"also":[147],"compare":[148],"relative":[150],"other":[155],"traditional":[156],"schemes.":[158],"Besides":[159],"confirming":[160],"in":[168],"these":[169],"relate":[175],"behavior":[177],"different":[180],"schemes":[182],"problem.":[189,220],"Moreover,":[190],"highlight":[193],"certain":[194],"regions":[195],"measurement":[199],"space":[200],"where":[201],"scheme":[204,215],"excels,":[205],"establishing":[206],"first":[208],"step":[209],"toward":[210],"best":[213],"given":[218]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":8}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}