{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2981986744","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ucet.2019.8881887","title":"A Partial Ligt-weight Image Encryption Scheme","display_name":"A Partial Ligt-weight Image Encryption Scheme","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-08-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2981986744","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ucet.2019.8881887","mag":"2981986744"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/ucet.2019.8881887","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ucet.2019.8881887","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2019 UK/ China Emerging Technologies (UCET)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100754273","display_name":"Jawad Ahmad","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6289-8248"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I195939026","display_name":"Glasgow Caledonian University","ror":"https://ror.org/03dvm1235","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I195939026"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jawad Ahmad","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computing, Engineering and Built Environment, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow, UK"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computing, Engineering and Built Environment, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I195939026"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019898978","display_name":"Ahsen Tahir","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8247-9390"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142732210","display_name":"University of Engineering and Technology Lahore","ror":"https://ror.org/0051w2v06","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142732210"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ahsen Tahir","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142732210"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018703130","display_name":"Jan Sher Khan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2580-5641"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I59738393","display_name":"Gaziantep University","ror":"https://ror.org/020vvc407","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I59738393"]}],"countries":["TR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jan Sher Khan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Gaziantep, Gaziantep, Turkey"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Gaziantep, Gaziantep, Turkey","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59738393"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029347215","display_name":"Muazzam A. Khan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6140-1201"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I929597975","display_name":"National University of Sciences and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03w2j5y17","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I929597975"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Muazzam A Khan","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, NUST, Islamabad, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, NUST, Islamabad, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I929597975"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041415251","display_name":"Fadia Ali Khan","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I195024194","display_name":"Riphah International University","ror":"https://ror.org/02kdm5630","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I195024194"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fadia Ali Khan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Riphah International University, Islamabad, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Riphah International University, Islamabad, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I195024194"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Arshad","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I29698356","display_name":"HITEC University","ror":"https://ror.org/013d87239","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I29698356"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Arshad","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, HITEC University Taxila, Taxila, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, HITEC University Taxila, Taxila, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I29698356"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073589919","display_name":"Zeeshan Habib","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I29698356","display_name":"HITEC University","ror":"https://ror.org/013d87239","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I29698356"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zeeshan Habib","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, HITEC University Taxila, Taxila, Pakistan"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, HITEC University Taxila, Taxila, Pakistan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I29698356"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.915,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":14,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.83489884,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"3"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11017","display_name":"Chaos-based Image/Signal Encryption","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11017","display_name":"Chaos-based Image/Signal Encryption","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10388","display_name":"Advanced Steganography and Watermarking Techniques","score":0.9871000051498413,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/encryption","display_name":"Encryption","score":0.8388880491256714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6822015047073364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/probabilistic-encryption","display_name":"Probabilistic encryption","score":0.5137122869491577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/plaintext","display_name":"Plaintext","score":0.5126701593399048},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/40-bit-encryption","display_name":"40-bit encryption","score":0.4904458224773407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/on-the-fly-encryption","display_name":"On-the-fly encryption","score":0.47726863622665405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/entropy","display_name":"Entropy (arrow of time)","score":0.43215465545654297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pixel","display_name":"Pixel","score":0.4258059859275818},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multiple-encryption","display_name":"Multiple encryption","score":0.4235430359840393},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/theoretical-computer-science","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","score":0.40334489941596985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.3594895303249359},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.33205991983413696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.3304564356803894}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148730421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141090","display_name":"Encryption","level":2,"score":0.8388880491256714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6822015047073364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54569210","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7246854","display_name":"Probabilistic encryption","level":3,"score":0.5137122869491577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C92717368","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1162538","display_name":"Plaintext","level":3,"score":0.5126701593399048},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158215988","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4637271","display_name":"40-bit encryption","level":3,"score":0.4904458224773407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147977885","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q117010","display_name":"On-the-fly encryption","level":3,"score":0.47726863622665405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106301342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4117933","display_name":"Entropy (arrow of time)","level":2,"score":0.43215465545654297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160633673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q355198","display_name":"Pixel","level":2,"score":0.4258059859275818},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184685986","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3505167","display_name":"Multiple encryption","level":3,"score":0.4235430359840393},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.40334489941596985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.3594895303249359},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.33205991983413696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.3304564356803894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/ucet.2019.8881887","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ucet.2019.8881887","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2019 UK/ China Emerging Technologies (UCET)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:researchonline.gcu.ac.uk:openaire_cris_publications/62b868de-72db-486c-8d9a-147178b67bc6","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://researchonline.gcu.ac.uk/en/publications/62b868de-72db-486c-8d9a-147178b67bc6","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402566","display_name":"ResearchOnline (Glasgow Caledonian University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I195939026","host_organization_name":"Glasgow Caledonian University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I195939026"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Ahmad , J , Tahir , A , Khan , J S , Khan , M A , Khan , F A , Arshad & Habib , Z 2019 , A partial ligt-weight image encryption scheme . in 2019 UK/China Emerging Technologies, UCET 2019 . IEEE , the 4th International Conference on UK-China Emerging Technologies , Glasgow , United Kingdom , 21/08/19 . https://doi.org/10.1109/UCET.2019.8881887","raw_type":"contributionToPeriodical"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.44999998807907104}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":24,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1918016542","https://openalex.org/W2411122105","https://openalex.org/W2463113177","https://openalex.org/W2515743591","https://openalex.org/W2580751378","https://openalex.org/W2607845680","https://openalex.org/W2753468832","https://openalex.org/W2780988358","https://openalex.org/W2783935701","https://openalex.org/W2786277245","https://openalex.org/W2795259304","https://openalex.org/W2801494666","https://openalex.org/W2805013403","https://openalex.org/W2808004990","https://openalex.org/W2898176284","https://openalex.org/W2899297558","https://openalex.org/W2911077331","https://openalex.org/W2926299542","https://openalex.org/W2931280866","https://openalex.org/W2968705375","https://openalex.org/W6714458238","https://openalex.org/W6736398531","https://openalex.org/W6756506189","https://openalex.org/W6758235349"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2361619969","https://openalex.org/W2188276378","https://openalex.org/W2545514196","https://openalex.org/W2144246620","https://openalex.org/W2396533199","https://openalex.org/W2389178160","https://openalex.org/W1993945719","https://openalex.org/W2111426419","https://openalex.org/W4315815885","https://openalex.org/W2387840805"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Due":[0],"to":[1,15,41],"greater":[2],"network":[3],"capacity":[4],"and":[5,32,101,114,126,137],"faster":[6],"data":[7],"speed,":[8],"fifth":[9],"generation":[10],"(5G)":[11],"technology":[12],"is":[13,94,109],"expected":[14],"provide":[16,68],"a":[17,54,79],"huge":[18],"improvement":[19],"in":[20],"Internet":[21],"of":[22,50,57,105,147,158],"Things":[23],"(IoTs)":[24],"applications,":[25],"Augmented":[26],"&":[27],"Virtual":[28],"Reality":[29],"(AR/VR)":[30],"technologies,":[31],"Machine":[33],"Type":[34],"Communications":[35],"(MTC).":[36],"Consumer":[37],"will":[38],"be":[39],"able":[40],"send/receive":[42],"high":[43],"quality":[44],"multimedia":[45,52],"data.":[46],"For":[47],"the":[48,89,106,124,132,156,159],"protection":[49],"sensitive":[51],"data,":[53],"large":[55],"number":[56],"encryption":[58,64,70,84,162],"algorithms":[59],"are":[60],"available,":[61],"however,":[62],"these":[63],"schemes":[65],"does":[66],"not":[67],"light-weight":[69,112,161],"solution":[71],"for":[72,85,123],"real-time":[73],"application":[74],"requirements.":[75],"This":[76],"paper":[77],"proposes":[78],"new":[80],"multi-chaos":[81],"computational":[82],"efficient":[83],"digital":[86],"images.":[87],"In":[88],"proposed":[90,160],"scheme,":[91],"plaintext":[92],"image":[93,108,133],"transformed":[95,107],"using":[96,111],"Lifting":[97],"Wavelet":[98],"Transform":[99],"(LWT)":[100],"only":[102],"one-fourth":[103],"part":[104],"encrypted":[110],"Chebyshev":[113],"Intertwining":[115],"maps.":[116],"Both":[117],"chaotic":[118],"maps":[119],"were":[120],"chaotically":[121],"coupled":[122],"confusion":[125],"diffusion":[127],"processes":[128],"which":[129],"further":[130],"enhances":[131],"security.":[134],"Encryption/decryption":[135],"speed":[136],"other":[138],"security":[139],"measures":[140],"such":[141],"as":[142],"correlation":[143],"coefficient,":[144],"entropy,":[145],"Number":[146],"Pixels":[148],"Change":[149],"Rate":[150],"(NPCR),":[151],"contrast,":[152],"energy,":[153],"homogeneity":[154],"confirm":[155],"superiority":[157],"scheme.":[163]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T14:22:42.915294","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}