{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7131116024","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iccvw69036.2025.00461","title":"Automated C-Arm Positioning via Conformal Landmark Localization","display_name":"Automated C-Arm Positioning via Conformal Landmark Localization","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-10-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7131116024","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iccvw69036.2025.00461"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/iccvw69036.2025.00461","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iccvw69036.2025.00461","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 IEEE/CVF International Conference on Computer Vision Workshops (ICCVW)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5092094033","display_name":"Ahmad Arrabi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111236770","display_name":"University of Vermont","ror":"https://ror.org/0155zta11","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111236770"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ahmad Arrabi","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Vermont,Department of Computer Science,Burlington,VT,USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Vermont,Department of Computer Science,Burlington,VT,USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111236770"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101893302","display_name":"Jaewook Jung","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8742-007X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111236770","display_name":"University of Vermont","ror":"https://ror.org/0155zta11","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111236770"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jay Hwasung Jung","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Vermont,Department of Computer Science,Burlington,VT,USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Vermont,Department of Computer Science,Burlington,VT,USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111236770"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5125739650","display_name":"Jax Luo","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1316902750","display_name":"Cleveland Clinic","ror":"https://ror.org/03xjacd83","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1316902750"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jax Luo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Neurological Institute,Cleveland Clinic,Cleveland,OH,USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Neurological Institute,Cleveland Clinic,Cleveland,OH,USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1316902750"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054108066","display_name":"Nathan Franssen","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2801980284","display_name":"University of Vermont Medical Center","ror":"https://ror.org/04cewr321","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801980284"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nathan Franssen","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Vermont Medical Center,Burlington,VT,USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Vermont Medical Center,Burlington,VT,USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2801980284"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076473916","display_name":"S. Raymond","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1316902750","display_name":"Cleveland Clinic","ror":"https://ror.org/03xjacd83","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1316902750"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Scott Raymond","raw_affiliation_strings":["Neurological Institute,Cleveland Clinic,Cleveland,OH,USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Neurological Institute,Cleveland Clinic,Cleveland,OH,USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1316902750"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001816279","display_name":"Safwan Wshah","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5051-7719"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111236770","display_name":"University of Vermont","ror":"https://ror.org/0155zta11","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111236770"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Safwan Wshah","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Vermont,Department of Computer Science,Burlington,VT,USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Vermont,Department of Computer Science,Burlington,VT,USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111236770"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.4704,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94412443,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"4451","last_page":"4460"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":0.4262999892234802,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":0.4262999892234802,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10191","display_name":"Robotics and Sensor-Based Localization","score":0.179299995303154,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11325","display_name":"Inertial Sensor and Navigation","score":0.11270000040531158,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/landmark","display_name":"Landmark","score":0.9194999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pipeline","display_name":"Pipeline (software)","score":0.6226999759674072},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/probabilistic-logic","display_name":"Probabilistic logic","score":0.5853000283241272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/regularization","display_name":"Regularization (linguistics)","score":0.4587000012397766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/conformal-map","display_name":"Conformal map","score":0.45329999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.3732999861240387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/component","display_name":"Component (thermodynamics)","score":0.37299999594688416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/displacement","display_name":"Displacement (psychology)","score":0.36970001459121704}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780297707","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4895393","display_name":"Landmark","level":2,"score":0.9194999933242798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6887000203132629},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.659600019454956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.6503999829292297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43521106","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2165493","display_name":"Pipeline (software)","level":2,"score":0.6226999759674072},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49937458","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2599292","display_name":"Probabilistic logic","level":2,"score":0.5853000283241272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776135515","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17143721","display_name":"Regularization (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.4587000012397766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98214594","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q850275","display_name":"Conformal map","level":2,"score":0.45329999923706055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.3732999861240387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168167062","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1117970","display_name":"Component (thermodynamics)","level":2,"score":0.37299999594688416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107551265","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1458245","display_name":"Displacement (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.36970001459121704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52102323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1671968","display_name":"Pose","level":2,"score":0.3506999909877777},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.34369999170303345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36503486","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11235244","display_name":"Domain (mathematical analysis)","level":2,"score":0.32429999113082886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160920958","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7662746","display_name":"Synthetic data","level":2,"score":0.2973000109195709},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51632099","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3985153","display_name":"Training set","level":2,"score":0.2840000092983246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.27489998936653137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177264268","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1514741","display_name":"Set (abstract data type)","level":2,"score":0.271699994802475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143380155","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5160088","display_name":"Confidence region","level":3,"score":0.26739999651908875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.2624000012874603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32230216","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7882499","display_name":"Uncertainty quantification","level":2,"score":0.25850000977516174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776151529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3045304","display_name":"Object detection","level":3,"score":0.2517000138759613}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/iccvw69036.2025.00461","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/iccvw69036.2025.00461","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 IEEE/CVF International Conference on Computer Vision Workshops (ICCVW)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6917067170143127,"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3481635175","display_name":"RII Track-2 FEC: Explainable and Adaptable Artificial Intelligence for Advanced Manufacturing","funder_award_id":"2218063","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":24,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2086060506","https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2611650229","https://openalex.org/W2887220326","https://openalex.org/W2963270077","https://openalex.org/W2964059111","https://openalex.org/W2978390708","https://openalex.org/W2979988078","https://openalex.org/W3012852601","https://openalex.org/W3034975586","https://openalex.org/W3091945056","https://openalex.org/W3097323383","https://openalex.org/W3102100346","https://openalex.org/W3118929067","https://openalex.org/W3166517714","https://openalex.org/W4293152273","https://openalex.org/W4312443924","https://openalex.org/W4383377291","https://openalex.org/W4385442856","https://openalex.org/W4402351138","https://openalex.org/W4406745762","https://openalex.org/W4407351641","https://openalex.org/W4410297386","https://openalex.org/W4412397389"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Accurate":[0],"and":[1,21,79,86,162],"reliable":[2,73,163],"C-arm":[3,35,165],"positioning":[4],"is":[5],"essential":[6],"for":[7],"fluoroscopy-guided":[8],"interventions.":[9],"However,":[10],"clinical":[11],"work-flows":[12],"rely":[13],"on":[14,53,128],"manual":[15],"alignment":[16],"that":[17,31],"increases":[18],"radiation":[19],"exposure":[20],"procedural":[22],"delays.":[23],"In":[24],"this":[25],"work,":[26],"we":[27,75],"present":[28],"a":[29,60,112,129,158],"pipeline":[30],"autonomously":[32],"navigates":[33],"the":[34,54,57,69,83,104,154],"to":[36,119],"predefined":[37],"anatomical":[38],"landmarks":[39],"utilizing":[40],"X-ray":[41,46,131],"images.":[42],"Given":[43],"an":[44,49],"input":[45],"image":[47],"from":[48,134],"arbitrary":[50],"starting":[51],"location":[52],"operating":[55],"table,":[56],"model":[58],"predicts":[59],"3D":[61,100],"displacement":[62],"vector":[63],"toward":[64],"each":[65],"target":[66],"landmark":[67,106],"along":[68],"body.":[70],"To":[71],"ensure":[72],"deployment,":[74],"capture":[76],"both":[77],"aleatoric":[78],"epistemic":[80],"uncertainties":[81],"in":[82,160],"model's":[84],"predictions":[85],"further":[87],"calibrate":[88],"them":[89],"using":[90],"conformal":[91],"prediction.":[92],"The":[93,108],"derived":[94],"prediction":[95,149],"regions":[96,102],"are":[97],"interpreted":[98],"as":[99,157],"confidence":[101],"around":[103],"predicted":[105],"locations.":[107],"training":[109],"framework":[110],"combines":[111],"probabilistic":[113],"loss":[114],"with":[115],"skeletal":[116],"pose":[117],"regularization":[118],"encourage":[120],"anatomically":[121],"plausible":[122],"outputs.":[123],"We":[124],"validate":[125],"our":[126],"approach":[127],"synthetic":[130],"dataset":[132],"generated":[133],"DeepDRR.":[135],"Results":[136],"show":[137],"not":[138],"only":[139],"strong":[140],"localization":[141],"accuracy":[142],"across":[143],"multiple":[144],"architectures":[145],"but":[146],"also":[147],"well-calibrated":[148],"bounds.":[150],"These":[151],"findings":[152],"highlight":[153],"pipeline's":[155],"potential":[156],"component":[159],"safe":[161],"autonomous":[164],"systems.":[166]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T14:22:42.915294","created_date":"2026-02-24T00:00:00"}