{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4387355694","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2310.01558","title":"Making Retrieval-Augmented Language Models Robust to Irrelevant Context","display_name":"Making Retrieval-Augmented Language Models Robust to Irrelevant Context","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-10-02","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4387355694","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2310.01558"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2310.01558","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2310.01558","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2310.01558","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"text"},"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["arxiv","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2310.01558","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052315546","display_name":"Ori Yoran","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yoran, Ori","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059849645","display_name":"Tomer Wolfson","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wolfson, Tomer","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058640064","display_name":"Ori Ram","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ram, Ori","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045872048","display_name":"Jonathan Berant","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Berant, Jonathan","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":21,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10181","display_name":"Natural Language Processing Techniques","score":0.9941999912261963,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11714","display_name":"Multimodal Machine Learning Applications","score":0.9879000186920166,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.875571072101593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/leverage","display_name":"Leverage (statistics)","score":0.7856588959693909},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/language-model","display_name":"Language model","score":0.6946796178817749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inference","display_name":"Inference","score":0.6154319047927856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/question-answering","display_name":"Question answering","score":0.606476366519928},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.528965413570404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language","display_name":"Natural language","score":0.5221474766731262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.4937325417995453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-processing","display_name":"Natural language processing","score":0.48447608947753906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.4600609838962555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/natural-language-understanding","display_name":"Natural language understanding","score":0.44968125224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/baseline","display_name":"Baseline (sea)","score":0.4218190610408783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/information-retrieval","display_name":"Information retrieval","score":0.36397048830986023}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.875571072101593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153083717","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6535263","display_name":"Leverage (statistics)","level":2,"score":0.7856588959693909},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137293760","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3621696","display_name":"Language model","level":2,"score":0.6946796178817749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776214188","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q408386","display_name":"Inference","level":2,"score":0.6154319047927856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44291984","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1074173","display_name":"Question answering","level":2,"score":0.606476366519928},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.528965413570404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195324797","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33742","display_name":"Natural language","level":2,"score":0.5221474766731262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.4937325417995453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.48447608947753906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.4600609838962555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779439875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1078276","display_name":"Natural language understanding","level":3,"score":0.44968125224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12725497","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q810247","display_name":"Baseline (sea)","level":2,"score":0.4218190610408783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23123220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q816826","display_name":"Information retrieval","level":1,"score":0.36397048830986023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111368507","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43518","display_name":"Oceanography","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2310.01558","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2310.01558","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2310.01558","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2310.01558","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2310.01558","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2310.01558","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2310.01558","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2310.01558","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.7099999785423279,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","display_name":"Quality Education"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4469933747","display_name":"Computing Answers to Complex Questions in Broad Domains","funder_award_id":"802800","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","display_name":"European Commission","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4387355694.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4288267738","https://openalex.org/W2964413124","https://openalex.org/W4388937922","https://openalex.org/W3157284875","https://openalex.org/W2259406085","https://openalex.org/W2099715052","https://openalex.org/W2147241511","https://openalex.org/W4226247999","https://openalex.org/W4213176082","https://openalex.org/W3113264705"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Retrieval-augmented":[0],"language":[1,8,125,157],"models":[2],"(RALMs)":[3],"hold":[4],"promise":[5],"to":[6,58,102,122,154,159,183,187,190],"produce":[7],"understanding":[9],"systems":[10],"that":[11,24,66,110,115,178],"are":[12,13],"factual,":[14],"efficient,":[15],"and":[16,34,169],"up-to-date.":[17],"An":[18],"important":[19,46],"desideratum":[20],"of":[21,53,140,167],"RALMs,":[22],"is":[23,32,41,44,130],"retrieved":[25,113,162],"information":[26],"helps":[27],"model":[28,158,186],"performance":[29,38,134,196],"when":[30,39,93],"it":[31,40],"relevant,":[33],"does":[35],"not":[36,117],"harm":[37],"not.":[42],"This":[43,129],"particularly":[45],"in":[47,132],"multi-hop":[48],"reasoning":[49],"scenarios,":[50],"where":[51],"misuse":[52],"irrelevant":[54,170,191],"evidence":[55],"can":[56,69],"lead":[57],"cascading":[59],"errors.":[60],"However,":[61],"recent":[62],"work":[63],"has":[64],"shown":[65],"retrieval":[67,94],"augmentation":[68],"sometimes":[70],"have":[71],"a":[72,82,107,123,138,148,165],"negative":[73],"effect":[74],"on":[75,85,197],"performance.":[76],"In":[77],"this":[78,104],"work,":[79],"we":[80,146],"present":[81],"thorough":[83],"analysis":[84],"five":[86],"open-domain":[87],"question":[88],"answering":[89],"benchmarks,":[90],"characterizing":[91],"cases":[92],"reduces":[95],"accuracy.":[96],"We":[97,175],"then":[98],"propose":[99,147],"two":[100],"methods":[101],"mitigate":[103],"issue.":[105],"First,":[106],"simple":[108],"baseline":[109],"filters":[111],"out":[112],"passages":[114],"do":[116],"entail":[118],"question-answer":[119],"pairs":[120],"according":[121],"natural":[124],"inference":[126],"(NLI)":[127],"model.":[128],"effective":[131],"preventing":[133],"reduction,":[135],"but":[136],"at":[137,172],"cost":[139],"also":[141],"discarding":[142],"relevant":[143,168,200],"passages.":[144],"Thus,":[145],"method":[149],"for":[150],"automatically":[151],"generating":[152],"data":[153],"fine-tune":[155],"the":[156,185],"properly":[160],"leverage":[161],"passages,":[163],"using":[164],"mix":[166],"contexts":[171,192],"training":[173],"time.":[174],"empirically":[176],"show":[177],"even":[179],"1,000":[180],"examples":[181,198],"suffice":[182],"train":[184],"be":[188],"robust":[189],"while":[193],"maintaining":[194],"high":[195],"with":[199],"ones.":[201]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-07-01T06:00:48.157686","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
