{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4415036071","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2505.20623","title":"Constructing Algorithmic Authority: How Multi-Channel Networks (MCNs) Govern Live-Streaming Labor in China","display_name":"Constructing Algorithmic Authority: How Multi-Channel Networks (MCNs) Govern Live-Streaming Labor in China","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-05-27","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4415036071","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2505.20623"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2505.20623","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2505.20623","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2505.20623","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["arxiv","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2505.20623","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100558829","display_name":"Qing Xiao","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiao, Qing","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065256993","display_name":"Rongyi Chen","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chen, Rongyi","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111336119","display_name":"Jingjia Xiao","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiao, Jingjia","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089918880","display_name":"Tao Fu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4713-7269"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fu, Tianyang","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089449170","display_name":"Alice Qian Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-6407-6981"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhang, Alice Qian","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066511027","display_name":"X. L. Fan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4784-0213"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fan, Xianzhe","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Zhang, Bingbing","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhang, Bingbing","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063218435","display_name":"Zheng\u2010Hong Lu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2050-0822"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lu, Zhicong","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Shen, Hong","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shen, Hong","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12501","display_name":"Digital Economy and Work Transformation","score":0.9894000291824341,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12501","display_name":"Digital Economy and Work Transformation","score":0.9894000291824341,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10628","display_name":"China's Socioeconomic Reforms and Governance","score":0.9232000112533569,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/function","display_name":"Function (biology)","score":0.5795999765396118},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/accountability","display_name":"Accountability","score":0.5734000205993652},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/frame","display_name":"Frame (networking)","score":0.5429999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ethnography","display_name":"Ethnography","score":0.5178999900817871},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/probabilistic-logic","display_name":"Probabilistic logic","score":0.4553999900817871},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/narrative","display_name":"Narrative","score":0.4271000027656555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/china","display_name":"China","score":0.3862999975681305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/division-of-labour","display_name":"Division of labour","score":0.3643999993801117}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14036430","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3736076","display_name":"Function (biology)","level":2,"score":0.5795999765396118},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776007630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2798912","display_name":"Accountability","level":2,"score":0.5734000205993652},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126042441","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1324888","display_name":"Frame (networking)","level":2,"score":0.5429999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179454799","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q132151","display_name":"Ethnography","level":2,"score":0.5178999900817871},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56739046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192060","display_name":"Knowledge management","level":1,"score":0.5084999799728394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.45989999175071716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49937458","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2599292","display_name":"Probabilistic logic","level":2,"score":0.4553999900817871},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199033989","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1318295","display_name":"Narrative","level":2,"score":0.4271000027656555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191935318","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q148","display_name":"China","level":2,"score":0.3862999975681305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.3855000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C994546","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207449","display_name":"Division of labour","level":2,"score":0.3643999993801117},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39549134","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133080","display_name":"Public relations","level":1,"score":0.3637999892234802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138268822","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1051925","display_name":"Resolution (logic)","level":2,"score":0.35839998722076416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.3564000129699707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776359362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2145286","display_name":"Representation (politics)","level":3,"score":0.3483999967575073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198439703","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1461602","display_name":"Computer-supported cooperative work","level":3,"score":0.3303000032901764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777451423","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q629962","display_name":"Arbitrariness","level":2,"score":0.31839999556541443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777488495","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1742093","display_name":"Remuneration","level":2,"score":0.3179999887943268},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195094911","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14167904","display_name":"Process management","level":1,"score":0.30059999227523804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177212765","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q627335","display_name":"Workflow","level":2,"score":0.2964000105857849},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198783460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q629173","display_name":"Management system","level":2,"score":0.2822999954223633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.27889999747276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.2662000060081482},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80984254","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q608190","display_name":"Labor relations","level":2,"score":0.2603999972343445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C539667460","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2414942","display_name":"Management science","level":1,"score":0.2549000084400177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199776023","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q202875","display_name":"Negotiation","level":2,"score":0.2547999918460846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.25459998846054077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202372285","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1056396","display_name":"Human resource management","level":2,"score":0.2524000108242035}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2505.20623","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2505.20623","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2505.20623","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:doi:10.48550/arxiv.2505.20623","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4406922384","display_name":"Open MIND","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"publisher-specific-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/publisher-specific-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2505.20623","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2505.20623","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2505.20623","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2505.20623","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2505.20623","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320309029","display_name":"George Mason University","ror":"https://ror.org/02jqj7156"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4415036071.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4415036071.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0,182],"study":[1,183],"examines":[2],"the":[3],"discursive":[4],"construction":[5],"of":[6,34,39,67,83,204],"algorithms":[7,36,69,90],"and":[8,30,48,55,63,93,96,103,113,124,142,156,163,180,187,214],"its":[9],"role":[10],"in":[11,14,106,159,216],"labor":[12,40,189,210],"management":[13,144],"Chinese":[15],"live-streaming":[16,139],"industry":[17],"by":[18,191],"focusing":[19],"on":[20,43],"how":[21,60,193,208],"intermediary":[22,202],"organizations":[23],"(Multi-Channel":[24],"Networks,":[25],"MCNs)":[26],"actively":[27],"construct,":[28],"stabilize,":[29],"deploy":[31],"particular":[32],"interpretations":[33,66,133],"platform":[35,68,119,188,209],"as":[37,91,121,200],"instruments":[38],"management.":[41],"Drawing":[42],"a":[44],"nine-month":[45],"ethnographic":[46],"fieldwork":[47],"44":[49],"interviews":[50],"with":[51,108],"live-streamers,":[52,54],"former":[53],"MCN":[56],"staff,":[57],"we":[58],"examine":[59],"MCNs":[61,76,87,110],"produce":[62],"circulate":[64,111],"structured":[65],"across":[70],"organizational":[71],"settings.":[72],"We":[73],"show":[74],"that":[75,117],"articulate":[77],"two":[78],"asymmetric":[79],"yet":[80],"interconnected":[81],"forms":[82],"algorithmic":[84,115,132,196],"interpretations.":[85],"Internally,":[86],"managers":[88,179],"approach":[89],"volatile":[92],"uncertain":[94],"systems":[95,120],"adopt":[97],"probabilistic":[98],"strategies":[99],"to":[100,126,165,185],"manage":[101],"performance":[102,140],"risk.":[104],"Externally,":[105],"interactions":[107],"streamers,":[109],"simplified":[112],"prescriptive":[114],"narratives":[116],"frame":[118],"transparent,":[122],"fair,":[123],"responsive":[125],"individual":[127],"effort.":[128],"These":[129],"organizationally":[130],"produced":[131],"are":[134],"embedded":[135],"into":[136],"training":[137],"materials,":[138],"metrics,":[141],"everyday":[143],"practices.":[145],"Through":[146],"these":[147],"mechanisms,":[148],"streamers":[149],"internalize":[150],"responsibility":[151],"for":[152,171],"outcomes,":[153],"intensify":[154],"self-discipline,":[155],"increase":[157],"investments":[158],"equipment,":[160],"performing":[161],"skills,":[162],"routines":[164],"maintain":[166],"streamer-audience":[167],"relationship,":[168],"while":[169],"accountability":[170],"unpredictable":[172],"outcomes":[173],"is":[174,211],"increasingly":[175],"shifted":[176],"away":[177],"from":[178],"platforms.":[181],"contributes":[184],"CSCW":[186],"research":[190],"demonstrating":[192],"discursively":[194],"constructed":[195],"knowledge":[197],"can":[198],"function":[199],"an":[201],"infrastructure":[203],"soft":[205],"control,":[206],"shaping":[207],"regulated,":[212],"moralized,":[213],"governed":[215],"practice.":[217]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-01T06:00:48.157686","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
