{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4415238744","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2508.14280","title":"Multi-Rationale Explainable Object Recognition via Contrastive Conditional Inference","display_name":"Multi-Rationale Explainable Object Recognition via Contrastive Conditional Inference","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-08-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4415238744","doi":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2508.14280"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2508.14280","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2508.14280","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2508.14280","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["arxiv","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2508.14280","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079962204","display_name":"Ali Rasekh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-6808-6730"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rasekh, Ali","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113184517","display_name":"Sepehr Kazemi Ranjbar","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ranjbar, Sepehr Kazemi","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083931403","display_name":"Simon Gottschalk","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2576-4640"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gottschalk, Simon","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":null,"last_page":null},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12026","display_name":"Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI)","score":0.9442999958992004,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12026","display_name":"Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI)","score":0.9442999958992004,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discriminative-model","display_name":"Discriminative model","score":0.77920001745224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inference","display_name":"Inference","score":0.7146999835968018},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/object","display_name":"Object (grammar)","score":0.6452000141143799},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/probabilistic-logic","display_name":"Probabilistic logic","score":0.5931000113487244},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/benchmark","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","score":0.5580999851226807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/representation","display_name":"Representation (politics)","score":0.5376999974250793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognitive-neuroscience-of-visual-object-recognition","display_name":"Cognitive neuroscience of visual object recognition","score":0.5055000185966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.4438999891281128},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.42250001430511475}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97931131","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5282087","display_name":"Discriminative model","level":2,"score":0.77920001745224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7504000067710876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776214188","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q408386","display_name":"Inference","level":2,"score":0.7146999835968018},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6765000224113464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781238097","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175026","display_name":"Object (grammar)","level":2,"score":0.6452000141143799},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49937458","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2599292","display_name":"Probabilistic logic","level":2,"score":0.5931000113487244},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185798385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1161707","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","level":2,"score":0.5580999851226807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776359362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2145286","display_name":"Representation (politics)","level":3,"score":0.5376999974250793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C64876066","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5141226","display_name":"Cognitive neuroscience of visual object recognition","level":3,"score":0.5055000185966492},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.4634999930858612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.4438999891281128},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.42250001430511475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776760102","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5139990","display_name":"Code (set theory)","level":3,"score":0.4083000123500824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118505674","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42586063","display_name":"Encoder","level":2,"score":0.3707999885082245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94124525","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q912550","display_name":"Categorization","level":2,"score":0.3398999869823456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125411270","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18653","display_name":"Encoding (memory)","level":2,"score":0.33390000462532043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204321447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30642","display_name":"Natural language processing","level":1,"score":0.3334999978542328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44492722","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q327069","display_name":"Conditional probability","level":2,"score":0.3224000036716461},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75294576","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165192","display_name":"Contextual image classification","level":3,"score":0.32100000977516174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776151529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3045304","display_name":"Object detection","level":3,"score":0.3034999966621399},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177148314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170084","display_name":"Generalization","level":2,"score":0.3003000020980835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114289077","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3284399","display_name":"Statistical model","level":2,"score":0.295199990272522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C20894473","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1116105","display_name":"Object model","level":3,"score":0.28600001335144043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152565575","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1124538","display_name":"Conditional random field","level":2,"score":0.27810001373291016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43126263","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128751","display_name":"Source code","level":2,"score":0.2705000042915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184337299","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1437428","display_name":"Semantics (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.25619998574256897}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2508.14280","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2508.14280","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2508.14280","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2508.14280","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2508.14280","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Preprint"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2508.14280","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2508.14280","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2508.14280","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Explainable":[0],"object":[1,75,147,158,194],"recognition":[2,76,159],"using":[3],"vision-language":[4],"models":[5,121,191],"such":[6],"as":[7],"CLIP":[8],"involves":[9],"predicting":[10],"accurate":[11,146],"category":[12,128],"labels":[13],"supported":[14],"by":[15],"rationales":[16,55,143],"that":[17,56,119],"justify":[18],"the":[19,60,102,106,122,155,179],"decision-making":[20],"process.":[21],"Existing":[22],"methods":[23],"typically":[24],"rely":[25],"on":[26,41,142,154],"prompt-based":[27],"conditioning,":[28],"which":[29,81],"suffers":[30],"from":[31],"limitations":[32,107],"in":[33,80,192],"CLIP's":[34],"text":[35],"encoder":[36],"and":[37,52,130,165,174],"provides":[38,183],"weak":[39],"conditioning":[40,141],"explanatory":[42],"structures.":[43],"Additionally,":[44],"prior":[45],"datasets":[46,79],"are":[47],"often":[48],"restricted":[49],"to":[50,58,95,144],"single,":[51],"frequently":[53],"noisy,":[54],"fail":[57],"capture":[59],"full":[61],"diversity":[62],"of":[63,101,108],"discriminative":[64],"image":[65,83,126],"features.":[66],"In":[67],"this":[68,181],"work,":[69],"we":[70,111],"introduce":[71],"a":[72,97,113,167,184],"multi-rationale":[73,156],"explainable":[74,157,193],"benchmark":[77],"comprising":[78],"each":[82],"is":[84],"annotated":[85],"with":[86,91,178],"multiple":[87],"ground-truth":[88],"rationales,":[89],"along":[90],"evaluation":[92],"metrics":[93],"designed":[94],"offer":[96],"more":[98,139,185],"comprehensive":[99],"representation":[100],"task.":[103],"To":[104],"overcome":[105],"previous":[109],"approaches,":[110],"propose":[112],"contrastive":[114],"conditional":[115],"inference":[116],"(CCI)":[117],"framework":[118,137,187],"explicitly":[120],"probabilistic":[123],"relationships":[124],"among":[125],"embeddings,":[127],"labels,":[129],"rationales.":[131],"Without":[132],"requiring":[133],"any":[134],"training,":[135],"our":[136],"enables":[138],"effective":[140],"predict":[145],"categories.":[148],"Our":[149],"approach":[150],"achieves":[151],"state-of-the-art":[152],"results":[153],"benchmark,":[160,180],"including":[161],"strong":[162],"zero-shot":[163],"performance,":[164],"sets":[166],"new":[168],"standard":[169],"for":[170,188],"both":[171],"classification":[172],"accuracy":[173],"rationale":[175],"quality.":[176],"Together":[177],"work":[182],"complete":[186],"evaluating":[189],"future":[190],"recognition.":[195],"The":[196],"code":[197],"will":[198],"be":[199],"made":[200],"available":[201],"online.":[202]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-03T08:13:44.112507","created_date":"2025-10-16T00:00:00"}
