Agentic AI With Orchestrator-Agent Trust: A Modular Visual Classification Framework With Trust-Aware Orchestration and RAG-Based Reasoning.

Manoj Karkee https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5337-4848 https://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q124627944 https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=ajjssGAAAAAJ https://id.loc.gov/authorities/names/no2019190309

Konstantinos I. Roumeliotis Ranjan Sapkota Manoj Karkee Nikolaos D. Tselikas Agentic AI With Orchestrator-Agent Trust: A Modular Visual Classification Framework With Trust-Aware Orchestration and RAG-Based Reasoning. 2026 26965-26982 14 IEEE Access https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2026.3662282 db/journals/access/access14.html#RoumeliotisSKT26 streams/journals/access

Shaina Raza Ranjan Sapkota Manoj Karkee Christos Emmanouilidis TRiSM for Agentic AI: A review of Trust, Risk, and Security Management in LLM-based Agentic Multi-Agent Systems. 2026 71-95 7 AI Open https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aiopen.2026.02.006 db/journals/aiopen/aiopen7.html#RazaSKE26 streams/journals/aiopen

L. G. Divyanth Syed Usama Bin Sabir Divya Rathore Lav R. Khot Chakradhar Mattupalli Manoj Karkee Design, integration, and evaluation of a dual-arm robotic system for high throughput sampling from potato tubers. 111266 2026 241 Comput. Electron. Agric. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compag.2025.111266 db/journals/cea/cea241.html#DivyanthSRKMK26 streams/journals/cea

Atif Bilal Asad Paudel Achyut Safal Kshetri Chenchen Kang Salik Ram Khanal Nataliya Shcherbatyuk Pierre Davadant R. Paul Schreiner Santosh Kalauni Manoj Karkee Markus Keller Integrating feature selection and machine learning for nitrogen assessment in grapevine leaves using in-field hyperspectral imaging. 2026 112093 252 Comput. Electron. Agric. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compag.2026.112093 db/journals/cea/cea252.html#AsadAKKKSDSKKK26 streams/journals/cea

Ranjan Sapkota Manoj Karkee Object detection with multimodal large vision-language models: An in-depth review. 103575 2026 126 Inf. Fusion https://doi.org/10.1016/j.inffus.2025.103575 db/journals/inffus/inffus126.html#SapkotaK26 streams/journals/inffus

Ranjan Sapkota Konstantinos I. Roumeliotis Manoj Karkee AI Agents vs. Agentic AI: A Conceptual taxonomy, applications and challenges. 103599 2026 126 Inf. Fusion https://doi.org/10.1016/j.inffus.2025.103599 db/journals/inffus/inffus126.html#SapkotaRK26 streams/journals/inffus

Ranjan Sapkota Manoj Karkee YOLOE-26: Integrating YOLO26 with YOLOE for Real-Time Open-Vocabulary Instance Segmentation. 2026 February abs/2602.00168 CoRR https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2602.00168 db/journals/corr/corr2602.html#abs-2602-00168 streams/journals/corr

Ranjan Sapkota Marco Flores-Calero Rizwan Qureshi Chetan Badgujar Upesh Nepal Alwin Poulose Peter Zeno Uday Bhanu Prakash Vaddevolu Sheheryar Khan Maged Shoman Hong Yan 0001 Manoj Karkee YOLO advances to its genesis: a decadal and comprehensive review of the You Only Look Once (YOLO) series. 274 2025 September 58 Artif. Intell. Rev. 9 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10462-025-11253-3 db/journals/air/air58.html#SapkotaFQBNPZVKSYK25 streams/journals/air

Dawood Ahmed Ranjan Sapkota Martin Churuvija Manoj Karkee Estimating optimal crop-load for individual branches in apple tree canopies using YOLOv8. 109697 2025 229 Comput. Electron. Agric. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compag.2024.109697 db/journals/cea/cea229.html#AhmedSCK25 streams/journals/cea

Martin Churuvija Ranjan Sapkota Dawood Ahmed Manoj Karkee A pose-versatile imaging system for comprehensive 3D modeling of planar-canopy fruit trees for automated orchard operations. 109899 2025 230 Comput. Electron. Agric. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compag.2025.109899 db/journals/cea/cea230.html#ChuruvijaSAK25 streams/journals/cea

Shiv Kumar Lohan Chander Prakash Navjeet Lohan Sachin Kansal Manoj Karkee State-of-the-art in real-time virtual interfaces for tractors and farm machines: A systematic review. 109947 2025 231 Comput. Electron. Agric. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compag.2025.109947 db/journals/cea/cea231.html#LohanPLKK25 streams/journals/cea

Uddhav Bhattarai Ranjan Sapkota Safal Kshetri Changki Mo Matthew D. Whiting Qin Zhang 0012 Manoj Karkee A vision-based robotic system for precision pollination of apples. 110158 2025 234 Comput. Electron. Agric. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compag.2025.110158 https://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q134296357 db/journals/cea/cea234.html#BhattaraiSKMWZK25 streams/journals/cea

Zixuan He Manoj Karkee Qin Zhang 0012 Enhanced machine vision system for field-based detection of pickable strawberries: Integrating an advanced two-step deep learning model merging improved YOLOv8 and YOLOv5-cls. 110173 2025 234 Comput. Electron. Agric. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compag.2025.110173 db/journals/cea/cea234.html#HeKZ25 streams/journals/cea

Paudel Achyut Jostan Brown Priyanka Upadhyaya Atif Bilal Asad Safal Kshetri Joseph R. Davidson Cindy Grimm Ashley Thompson Bernardita V. Sallato Matthew D. Whiting Manoj Karkee Machine vision-based assessment of fall color changes in apple leaves and its relationship with nitrogen concentration. 110366 2025 236 Comput. Electron. Agric. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compag.2025.110366 db/journals/cea/cea236.html#AchyutBUAKDGTSWK25 streams/journals/cea

Zixuan He Zibo Liu Zhiyan Zhou Manoj Karkee Qin Zhang 0012 Improving picking efficiency under occlusion: Design, development, and field evaluation of an innovative robotic strawberry harvester. 110684 2025 237 Comput. Electron. Agric. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compag.2025.110684 db/journals/cea/cea237.html#HeLZKZ25 streams/journals/cea

Xinyang Mu Long He Paul H. Heinemann James Schupp Manoj Karkee Minghui Zhu UGV-Based Precision Spraying System for Chemical Apple Blossom Thinning on Trellis Trained Canopies. 1000-1011 2025 June 42 J. Field Robotics 4 https://doi.org/10.1002/rob.22435 db/journals/jfr/jfr42.html#MuHHSKZ25 streams/journals/jfr

Xiaoqiang Du Zhichao Meng Yawei Wang Yuechan Li Zenghong Ma Leiying He Wenwu Lu Jianneng Chen Chuanyu Wu Manoj Karkee Multistage Synchronous Telescopic Manipulator With End-Effector-Biased Rotating-Pulling Mode for Damage-Free Robotic Picking. 2297-2317 2025 August 42 J. Field Robotics 5 https://doi.org/10.1002/rob.22521 db/journals/jfr/jfr42.html#DuMWLMHLCWK25 streams/journals/jfr

Ranjan Sapkota Rizwan Qureshi Muhammad Usman Hadi Syed Zohaib Hassan Ferhat Sadak Maged Shoman Muhammad Sajjad Fayaz Ali Dharejo Paudel Achyut Jiajia Li Zhichao Meng John M. Shutske Manoj Karkee Multi-Modal LLMs in Agriculture: A Comprehensive Review. 22510-22540 2025 22 IEEE Trans Autom. Sci. Eng. https://doi.org/10.1109/TASE.2025.3612154 db/journals/tase/tase22.html#SapkotaQHHSSSDALMSK25 streams/journals/tase

Ranjan Sapkota Shaina Raza Maged Shoman Paudel Achyut Manoj Karkee Image, Text, and Speech Data Augmentation using Multimodal LLMs for Deep Learning: A Survey. 2025 January abs/2501.18648 CoRR https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2501.18648 db/journals/corr/corr2501.html#abs-2501-18648 streams/journals/corr

Ranjan Sapkota Shaina Raza Manoj Karkee Comprehensive Analysis of Transparency and Accessibility of ChatGPT, DeepSeek, And other SoTA Large Language Models. 2025 February abs/2502.18505 CoRR https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2502.18505 db/journals/corr/corr2502.html#abs-2502-18505 streams/journals/corr

Ranjan Sapkota Manoj Karkee Improved YOLOv12 with LLM-Generated Synthetic Data for Enhanced Apple Detection and Benchmarking Against YOLOv11 and YOLOv10. 2025 March abs/2503.00057 CoRR https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2503.00057 db/journals/corr/corr2503.html#abs-2503-00057 streams/journals/corr

Dawood Ahmed Basit Muhammad Imran Martin Churuvija Manoj Karkee Adaptive Vision-Guided Robotic Arm Control for Precision Pruning in Dynamic Orchard Environments. 2025 April abs/2504.07309 CoRR https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2504.07309 db/journals/corr/corr2504.html#abs-2504-07309 streams/journals/corr

Ranjan Sapkota Rahul Harsha Cheppally Ajay Sharda Manoj Karkee RF-DETR Object Detection vs YOLOv12 : A Study of Transformer-based and CNN-based Architectures for Single-Class and Multi-Class Greenfruit Detection in Complex Orchard Environments Under Label Ambiguity. 2025 April abs/2504.13099 CoRR https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2504.13099 db/journals/corr/corr2504.html#abs-2504-13099 streams/journals/corr

Ranjan Sapkota Konstantinos I. Roumeliotis Rahul Harsha Cheppally Marco Flores-Calero Manoj Karkee A Review of 3D Object Detection with Vision-Language Models. 2025 April abs/2504.18738 CoRR https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2504.18738 db/journals/corr/corr2504.html#abs-2504-18738 streams/journals/corr

Konstantinos I. Roumeliotis Ranjan Sapkota Manoj Karkee Nikolaos D. Tselikas Dimitrios K. Nasiopoulos Plant Disease Detection through Multimodal Large Language Models and Convolutional Neural Networks. 2025 April abs/2504.20419 CoRR https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2504.20419 db/journals/corr/corr2504.html#abs-2504-20419 streams/journals/corr

L. G. Divyanth Syed Usama Bin Sabir Divya Rathore Lav R. Khot Chakradhar Mattupalli Manoj Karkee Design, Integration, and Evaluation of a Dual-Arm Robotic System for High Throughput Tissue Sampling from Potato Tubers. 2025 May abs/2505.00774 CoRR https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2505.00774 db/journals/corr/corr2505.html#abs-2505-00774 streams/journals/corr

Ranjan Sapkota Yang Cao Konstantinos I. Roumeliotis Manoj Karkee Vision-Language-Action Models: Concepts, Progress, Applications and Challenges. 2025 May abs/2505.04769 CoRR https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2505.04769 db/journals/corr/corr2505.html#abs-2505-04769 streams/journals/corr

Ranjan Sapkota Konstantinos I. Roumeliotis Manoj Karkee AI Agents vs. Agentic AI: A Conceptual Taxonomy, Applications and Challenges. 2025 May abs/2505.10468 CoRR https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2505.10468 db/journals/corr/corr2505.html#abs-2505-10468 streams/journals/corr

Ranjan Sapkota Konstantinos I. Roumeliotis Manoj Karkee Vibe Coding vs. Agentic Coding: Fundamentals and Practical Implications of Agentic AI. 2025 May abs/2505.19443 CoRR https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2505.19443 db/journals/corr/corr2505.html#abs-2505-19443 streams/journals/corr

Shaina Raza Ranjan Sapkota Manoj Karkee Christos Emmanouilidis TRiSM for Agentic AI: A Review of Trust, Risk, and Security Management in LLM-based Agentic Multi-Agent Systems. 2025 June abs/2506.04133 CoRR https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2506.04133 db/journals/corr/corr2506.html#abs-2506-04133 streams/journals/corr

Ranjan Sapkota Konstantinos I. Roumeliotis Manoj Karkee UAVs Meet Agentic AI: A Multidomain Survey of Autonomous Aerial Intelligence and Agentic UAVs. 2025 June abs/2506.08045 CoRR https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2506.08045 db/journals/corr/corr2506.html#abs-2506-08045 streams/journals/corr

Rizwan Qureshi Ranjan Sapkota Abbas Shah Amgad Muneer Anas Zafar Ashmal Vayani Maged Shoman Abdelrahman B. M. Eldaly Kai Zhang Ferhat Sadak Shaina Raza Xinqi Fan Ravid Shwartz-Ziv Hong Yan 0001 Vinjia Jain Aman Chadha Manoj Karkee Jia Wu 0009 Seyedali Mirjalili Thinking Beyond Tokens: From Brain-Inspired Intelligence to Cognitive Foundations for Artificial General Intelligence and its Societal Impact. 2025 July abs/2507.00951 CoRR https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2507.00951 db/journals/corr/corr2507.html#abs-2507-00951 streams/journals/corr

Ranjan Sapkota Zhichao Meng Martin Churuvija Xiaoqiang Du Zenghong Ma Manoj Karkee 3D Reconstruction and Information Fusion between Dormant and Canopy Seasons in Commercial Orchards Using Deep Learning and Fast GICP. 2025 July abs/2507.01912 CoRR https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2507.01912 db/journals/corr/corr2507.html#abs-2507-01912 streams/journals/corr

Konstantinos I. Roumeliotis Ranjan Sapkota Manoj Karkee Nikolaos D. Tselikas Orchestrator-Agent Trust: A Modular Agentic AI Visual Classification System with Trust-Aware Orchestration and RAG-Based Reasoning. 2025 July abs/2507.10571 CoRR https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2507.10571 db/journals/corr/corr2507.html#abs-2507-10571 streams/journals/corr

Ranjan Sapkota Manoj Karkee Object Detection with Multimodal Large Vision-Language Models: An In-depth Review. 2025 August abs/2508.19294 CoRR https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2508.19294 db/journals/corr/corr2508.html#abs-2508-19294 streams/journals/corr

Ranjan Sapkota Rahul Harsha Cheppally Ajay Sharda Manoj Karkee YOLO26: Key Architectural Enhancements and Performance Benchmarking for Real-Time Object Detection. 2025 September abs/2509.25164 CoRR https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2509.25164 db/journals/corr/corr2509.html#abs-2509-25164 streams/journals/corr

Ranjan Sapkota Manoj Karkee Ultralytics YOLO Evolution: An Overview of YOLO26, YOLO11, YOLOv8 and YOLOv5 Object Detectors for Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition. 2025 October abs/2510.09653 CoRR https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2510.09653 db/journals/corr/corr2510.html#abs-2510-09653 streams/journals/corr

Ranjan Sapkota Konstantinos I. Roumeliotis Manoj Karkee The SAM2-to-SAM3 Gap in the Segment Anything Model Family: Why Prompt-Based Expertise Fails in Concept-Driven Image Segmentation. 2025 December abs/2512.06032 CoRR https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2512.06032 db/journals/corr/corr2512.html#abs-2512-06032 streams/journals/corr

Ranjan Sapkota Konstantinos I. Roumeliotis Manoj Karkee Nikolaos D. Tselikas Generalization vs. Specialization: Evaluating Segment Anything Model (SAM3) Zero-Shot Segmentation Against Fine-Tuned YOLO Detectors. 2025 December abs/2512.11884 CoRR https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2512.11884 db/journals/corr/corr2512.html#abs-2512-11884 streams/journals/corr

Ranjan Sapkota Dawood Ahmed Martin Churuvija Manoj Karkee Immature Green Apple Detection and Sizing in Commercial Orchards Using YOLOv8 and Shape Fitting Techniques. 43436-43452 2024 12 IEEE Access https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2024.3378261 db/journals/access/access12.html#SapkotaACK24

Jie Guo Zhou Yang 0005 Manoj Karkee Qianjing Jiang Xuping Feng Yong He 0001 Technology progress in mechanical harvest of fresh market strawberries. 109468 2024 226 Comput. Electron. Agric. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compag.2024.109468 db/journals/cea/cea226.html#GuoYKJFH24 streams/journals/cea

Chenchen Kang Geraldine Diverres Manoj Karkee Qin Zhang 0012 Markus Keller Assessing grapevine water status through fusion of hyperspectral imaging and 3D point clouds. 109488 2024 226 Comput. Electron. Agric. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compag.2024.109488 db/journals/cea/cea226.html#KangDKZK24 streams/journals/cea

Jostan Brown Paudel Achyut Deven Biehler Ashley Thompson Manoj Karkee Cindy Grimm Joseph R. Davidson Tree detection and in-row localization for autonomous precision orchard management. 109454 2024 227 Comput. Electron. Agric. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compag.2024.109454 db/journals/cea/cea227.html#BrownABTKGD24 streams/journals/cea

Uddhav Bhattarai Santosh Bhusal Qin Zhang 0012 Manoj Karkee AgRegNet: A deep regression network for flower and fruit density estimation, localization, and counting in orchards. 109534 2024 227 Comput. Electron. Agric. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compag.2024.109534 db/journals/cea/cea227.html#BhattaraiBZK24 streams/journals/cea

Jie Guo Yufei Liu 0006 Manoj Karkee Xuping Feng Zichen Huang 0003 Yuwei Wang Wenkai Zhang Xiaoli Li 0010 Yong He 0001 Determination and quantitative evaluation of early postharvest hidden damage in fresh strawberry fruit based on coupling of dynamic finite element method and response surface methodology. 109588 2024 227 Comput. Electron. Agric. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compag.2024.109588 db/journals/cea/cea227.html#GuoLKFHWZLH24 streams/journals/cea

Uddhav Bhattarai Qin Zhang 0012 Manoj Karkee Design, integration, and field evaluation of a robotic blossom thinning system for tree fruit crops. 1366-1385 2024 August 41 J. Field Robotics 5 https://doi.org/10.1002/rob.22330 db/journals/jfr/jfr41.html#BhattaraiZK24 streams/journals/jfr

Christopher Ninatanta Ryan Cole Ian Wells Ariel Ramos Justin Pilgrim Jacob Benedict Ryan Taylor Ryan Dorosh Kyle T. Yoshida Manoj Karkee Ming Luo 0004 Design and Evaluation of a Lightweight Soft Electrical Apple Harvesting Gripper. 479-484 2024 RoboSoft https://doi.org/10.1109/RoboSoft60065.2024.10521995 conf/robosoft/2024 db/conf/robosoft/robosoft2024.html#NinatantaCWRPBTDYKL24

Ranjan Sapkota Dawood Ahmed Martin Churuvija Manoj Karkee Immature Green Apple Detection and Sizing in Commercial Orchards using YOLOv8 and Shape Fitting Techniques. 2024 abs/2401.08629 CoRR https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2401.08629 db/journals/corr/corr2401.html#abs-2401-08629

Paudel Achyut Jostan Brown Priyanka Upadhyaya Atif Bilal Asad Safal Kshetri Manoj Karkee Joseph R. Davidson Cindy Grimm Ashley Thompson Machine Vision Based Assessment of Fall Color Changes in Apple Trees: Exploring Relationship with Leaf Nitrogen Concentration. 2024 abs/2404.14653 CoRR https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2404.14653 db/journals/corr/corr2404.html#abs-2404-14653

Ranjan Sapkota Rizwan Qureshi Marco Flores-Calero Chetan Badjugar Upesh Nepal Alwin Poulose Peter Zeno Uday Bhanu Prakash Vaddevolu Hong Yan 0001 Manoj Karkee YOLOv10 to Its Genesis: A Decadal and Comprehensive Review of The You Only Look Once Series. 2024 abs/2406.19407 CoRR https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2406.19407 db/journals/corr/corr2406.html#abs-2406-19407 streams/journals/corr

Ranjan Sapkota Zhichao Meng Dawood Ahmed Martin Churuvija Xiaoqiang Du Zenghong Ma Manoj Karkee Comprehensive Performance Evaluation of YOLOv10, YOLOv9 and YOLOv8 on Detecting and Counting Fruitlet in Complex Orchard Environments. 2024 abs/2407.12040 CoRR https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2407.12040 db/journals/corr/corr2407.html#abs-2407-12040 streams/journals/corr

Uddhav Bhattarai Santosh Bhusal Qin Zhang 0012 Manoj Karkee AgRegNet: A Deep Regression Network for Flower and Fruit Density Estimation, Localization, and Counting in Orchards. 2024 abs/2409.17400 CoRR https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2409.17400 db/journals/corr/corr2409.html#abs-2409-17400 streams/journals/corr

Uddhav Bhattarai Ranjan Sapkota Safal Kshetri Changki Mo Matthew D. Whiting Qin Zhang 0012 Manoj Karkee A Robotic System for Precision Pollination in Apples: Design, Development and Field Evaluation. 2024 abs/2409.19918 CoRR https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2409.19918 db/journals/corr/corr2409.html#abs-2409-19918 streams/journals/corr

Ranjan Sapkota Manoj Karkee YOLO11 and Vision Transformers based 3D Pose Estimation of Immature Green Fruits in Commercial Apple Orchards for Robotic Thinning. 2024 abs/2410.19846 CoRR https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2410.19846 db/journals/corr/corr2410.html#abs-2410-19846 streams/journals/corr

Ranjan Sapkota Manoj Karkee Comparing YOLO11 and YOLOv8 for instance segmentation of occluded and non-occluded immature green fruits in complex orchard environment. 2024 abs/2410.19869 CoRR https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2410.19869 db/journals/corr/corr2410.html#abs-2410-19869 streams/journals/corr

Ranjan Sapkota Paudel Achyut Manoj Karkee Zero-Shot Automatic Annotation and Instance Segmentation using LLM-Generated Datasets: Eliminating Field Imaging and Manual Annotation for Deep Learning Model Development. 2024 abs/2411.11285 CoRR https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2411.11285 db/journals/corr/corr2411.html#abs-2411-11285 streams/journals/corr

Ranjan Sapkota Manoj Karkee Integrating YOLO11 and Convolution Block Attention Module for Multi-Season Segmentation of Tree Trunks and Branches in Commercial Apple Orchards. 2024 abs/2412.05728 CoRR https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2412.05728 db/journals/corr/corr2412.html#abs-2412-05728 streams/journals/corr

Sergio Bayano-Tejero Manoj Karkee Antonio Rodríguez-Lizana Rafael R. Sola-Guirado Estimation of harvested fruit weight using volume measurements with distance sensors: A case study with olives in a big box. 107620 2023 February 205 Comput. Electron. Agric. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compag.2023.107620 db/journals/cea/cea205.html#BayanoTejeroKRS23

Daniel Borrenpohl Manoj Karkee Automated pruning decisions in dormant sweet cherry canopies using instance segmentation. 107716 2023 April 207 Comput. Electron. Agric. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compag.2023.107716 db/journals/cea/cea207.html#BorrenpohlK23

Chenchen Kang Geraldine Diverres Manoj Karkee Qin Zhang 0012 Markus Keller Decision-support system for precision regulated deficit irrigation management for wine grapes. 107777 2023 May 208 Comput. Electron. Agric. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compag.2023.107777 db/journals/cea/cea208.html#KangDKZK23

Chenchen Kang Geraldine Diverres Paudel Achyut Manoj Karkee Qin Zhang 0012 Markus Keller Estimating soil and grapevine water status using ground based hyperspectral imaging under diffused lighting conditions: Addressing the effect of lighting variability in vineyards. 108175 2023 September 212 Comput. Electron. Agric. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compag.2023.108175 db/journals/cea/cea212.html#KangDAKZK23

Alexander You Nidhi Parayil Josyula Gopala Krishna Uddhav Bhattarai Ranjan Sapkota Dawood Ahmed Matthew D. Whiting Manoj Karkee Cindy M. Grimm Joseph R. Davidson Semiautonomous Precision Pruning of Upright Fruiting Offshoot Orchard Systems: An Integrated Approach. 10-19 2023 December 30 IEEE Robotics Autom. Mag. 4 https://doi.org/10.1109/MRA.2023.3309098 db/journals/ram/ram30.html#YouPKBSAWKGD23

Ryan Dorosh Justin Allen Zixuan He Christopher Ninatanta Jack Coleman Jack Spieker Ethan Tuck Jordan Kurtz Qin Zhang 0012 Matthew D. Whiting Jiecai Luo Manoj Karkee Ming Luo 0004 Design, Modeling, and Control of a Low-Cost and Rapid Response Soft-Growing Manipulator for Orchard Operations. 4184-4190 2023 IROS https://doi.org/10.1109/IROS55552.2023.10341507 db/conf/iros/iros2023.html#DoroshAHNCSTKZW23

Uddhav Bhattarai Qin Zhang 0012 Manoj Karkee Design, Integration, and Field Evaluation of a Robotic Blossom Thinning System for Tree Fruit Crops. 2023 abs/2304.04919 CoRR https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2304.04919 db/journals/corr/corr2304.html#abs-2304-04919

Salik Ram Khanal Ranjan Sapkota Dawood Ahmed Uddhav Bhattarai Manoj Karkee Machine Vision System for Early-stage Apple Flowers and Flower Clusters Detection for Precision Thinning and Pollination. 2023 abs/2304.09351 CoRR https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2304.09351 db/journals/corr/corr2304.html#abs-2304-09351

Dawood Ahmed Ranjan Sapkota Martin Churuvija Manoj Karkee Machine Vision-Based Crop-Load Estimation Using YOLOv8. 2023 abs/2304.13282 CoRR https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2304.13282 db/journals/corr/corr2304.html#abs-2304-13282

Zixuan He Salik Ram Khanal Xin Zhang 0085 Manoj Karkee Qin Zhang 0012 Real-time Strawberry Detection Based on Improved YOLOv5s Architecture for Robotic Harvesting in open-field environment. 2023 abs/2308.03998 CoRR https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2308.03998 db/journals/corr/corr2308.html#abs-2308-03998

Ryan Dorosh Justin Allen Zixuan He Christopher Ninatanta Jack Coleman Jack Spieker Ethan Tuck Jordan Kurtz Qin Zhang 0012 Matthew D. Whiting Jiecai Luo Manoj Karkee Ming Luo 0004 Design, Modeling, and Control of a Low-Cost and Rapid Response Soft-Growing Manipulator for Orchard Operations. 2023 abs/2311.00197 CoRR https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2311.00197 db/journals/corr/corr2311.html#abs-2311-00197

Ranjan Sapkota Dawood Ahmed Salik Ram Khanal Uddhav Bhattarai Changki Mo Matthew D. Whiting Manoj Karkee Robotic Pollination of Apples in Commercial Orchards. 2023 abs/2311.10755 CoRR https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2311.10755 db/journals/corr/corr2311.html#abs-2311-10755

Ranjan Sapkota Dawood Ahmed Manoj Karkee Comparing YOLOv8 and Mask RCNN for object segmentation in complex orchard environments. 2023 abs/2312.07935 CoRR https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2312.07935 db/journals/corr/corr2312.html#abs-2312-07935

Shenglian Lu Wenkang Chen Xin Zhang 0085 Manoj Karkee Canopy-attention-YOLOv4-based immature/mature apple fruit detection on dense-foliage tree architectures for early crop load estimation. 106696 2022 193 Comput. Electron. Agric. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compag.2022.106696 db/journals/cea/cea193.html#LuCZK22

Santosh Bhusal Manoj Karkee Uddhav Bhattarai Yaqoob Majeed Qin Zhang 0012 Automated execution of a pest bird deterrence system using a programmable unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV). 106972 2022 198 Comput. Electron. Agric. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compag.2022.106972 db/journals/cea/cea198.html#BhusalKBMZ22

Uddhav Bhattarai Manoj Karkee A weakly-supervised approach for flower/fruit counting in apple orchards. 103635 2022 138 Comput. Ind. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compind.2022.103635 db/journals/cii/cii138.html#BhattaraiK22

Shiv Kumar Lohan Mahesh Kumar Narang Manjeet Singh Derminder Singh H. S. Sidhu Sukhmeet Singh Anoop Kumar Dixit Manoj Karkee Design and development of remote-control system for two-wheel paddy transplanter. 177-187 2022 39 J. Field Robotics 3 https://doi.org/10.1002/rob.22045 db/journals/jfr/jfr39.html#LohanNSSSSDK22

Shenglian Lu Xiaoyu Liu Zixuan He Xin Zhang 0085 Wenbo Liu Manoj Karkee Swin-Transformer-YOLOv5 for Real-Time Wine Grape Bunch Detection. 5853 2022 14 Remote. Sens. 22 https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14225853 db/journals/remotesensing/remotesensing14.html#LuLHZLK22

Alexander You Nidhi Parayil Josyula Gopala Krishna Uddhav Bhattarai Ranjan Sapkota Dawood Ahmed Matthew D. Whiting Manoj Karkee Cindy M. Grimm Joseph R. Davidson An autonomous robot for pruning modern, planar fruit trees. 2022 abs/2206.07201 CoRR https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2206.07201 db/journals/corr/corr2206.html#abs-2206-07201

Shenglian Lu Xiaoyu Liu Zixaun He Manoj Karkee Xin Zhang 0085 Swin-transformer-yolov5 For Real-time Wine Grape Bunch Detection. 2022 abs/2208.14508 CoRR https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2208.14508 db/journals/corr/corr2208.html#abs-2208-14508

Jie Guo Manoj Karkee Zhou Yang 0005 Han Fu Jun Li 0089 Yinlong Jiang Tingting Jiang Enxiu Liu Jieli Duan Research of simulation analysis and experimental optimization of banana de-handing device with self-adaptive profiling function. 106148 2021 185 Comput. Electron. Agric. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compag.2021.106148 db/journals/cea/cea185.html#GuoKYFLJJLD21

Jie Guo Manoj Karkee Zhou Yang 0005 Han Fu Jun Li 0089 Yinlong Jiang Tingting Jiang Enxiu Liu Jieli Duan Discrete element modeling and physical experiment research on the biomechanical properties of banana bunch stalk for postharvest machine development. 106308 2021 188 Comput. Electron. Agric. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compag.2021.106308 db/journals/cea/cea188.html#GuoKYFLJJLD21a

Xin Zhang 0085 Manoj Karkee Qin Zhang 0012 Matthew D. Whiting Computer vision-based tree trunk and branch identification and shaking points detection in Dense-Foliage canopy for automated harvesting of apples. 476-493 2021 38 J. Field Robotics 3 https://doi.org/10.1002/rob.21998 db/journals/jfr/jfr38.html#ZhangKZW21

Yaqoob Majeed Manoj Karkee Qin Zhang 0012 Longsheng Fu Matthew D. Whiting Development and performance evaluation of a machine vision system and an integrated prototype for automated green shoot thinning in vineyards. 898-916 2021 38 J. Field Robotics 6 https://doi.org/10.1002/rob.22013 db/journals/jfr/jfr38.html#MajeedKZFW21

Yaqoob Majeed Jing Zhang Xin Zhang 0085 Longsheng Fu Manoj Karkee Qin Zhang 0012 Matthew D. Whiting Deep learning based segmentation for automated training of apple trees on trellis wires. 105277 2020 170 Comput. Electron. Agric. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compag.2020.105277 db/journals/cea/cea170.html#MajeedZZFKZW20

Yaqoob Majeed Manoj Karkee Qin Zhang 0012 Longsheng Fu Matthew D. Whiting Determining grapevine cordon shape for automated green shoot thinning using semantic segmentation-based deep learning networks. 105308 2020 171 Comput. Electron. Agric. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compag.2020.105308 db/journals/cea/cea171.html#MajeedKZFW20

Jing Zhang Manoj Karkee Qin Zhang 0012 Xin Zhang 0085 Yaqoob Majeed Longsheng Fu Shumao Wang Multi-class object detection using faster R-CNN and estimation of shaking locations for automated shake-and-catch apple harvesting. 105384 2020 173 Comput. Electron. Agric. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compag.2020.105384 db/journals/cea/cea173.html#ZhangKZZMFW20

Fangfang Gao Longsheng Fu Xin Zhang 0085 Yaqoob Majeed Rui Li 0069 Manoj Karkee Qin Zhang 0012 Multi-class fruit-on-plant detection for apple in SNAP system using Faster R-CNN. 105634 2020 176 Comput. Electron. Agric. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compag.2020.105634 db/journals/cea/cea176.html#GaoFZMLKZ20

Yaqoob Majeed Manoj Karkee Qin Zhang 0012 Estimating the trajectories of vine cordons in full foliage canopies for automated green shoot thinning in vineyards. 105671 2020 176 Comput. Electron. Agric. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compag.2020.105671 db/journals/cea/cea176.html#MajeedKZ20

Longsheng Fu Fangfang Gao Jingzhu Wu Rui Li 0069 Manoj Karkee Qin Zhang 0012 Application of consumer RGB-D cameras for fruit detection and localization in field: A critical review. 105687 2020 177 Comput. Electron. Agric. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compag.2020.105687 db/journals/cea/cea177.html#FuGWLKZ20

Alexander You Fouad Sukkar Robert Fitch Manoj Karkee Joseph R. Davidson An Efficient Planning and Control Framework for Pruning Fruit Trees. 3930-3936 2020 ICRA https://doi.org/10.1109/ICRA40945.2020.9197551 conf/icra/2020 db/conf/icra/icra2020.html#YouSFKD20

Qin Zhang 0012 Manoj Karkee Amy Tabb The Use of Agricultural Robots in Orchard Management. 2019 abs/1907.13114 CoRR http://arxiv.org/abs/1907.13114 db/journals/corr/corr1907.html#abs-1907-13114

Jing Zhang Long He Manoj Karkee Qin Zhang 0012 Xin Zhang 0085 Zongmei Gao Branch detection for apple trees trained in fruiting wall architecture using depth features and Regions-Convolutional Neural Network (R-CNN). 386-393 2018 155 Comput. Electron. Agric. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compag.2018.10.029 db/journals/cea/cea155.html#ZhangHKZZG18

Abhisesh Silwal Joseph R. Davidson Manoj Karkee Changki Mo Qin Zhang 0012 Karen Lewis Design, integration, and field evaluation of a robotic apple harvester. 1140-1159 2017 34 J. Field Robotics 6 https://doi.org/10.1002/rob.21715 db/journals/jfr/jfr34.html#SilwalDKMZL17

Suraj Amatya Manoj Karkee Qin Zhang 0012 Matthew D. Whiting Automated Detection of Branch Shaking Locations for Robotic Cherry Harvesting Using Machine Vision. 31 2017 6 Robotics 4 https://doi.org/10.3390/robotics6040031 db/journals/robotics/robotics6.html#AmatyaKZW17

A. Gongal Abhisesh Silwal Suraj Amatya Manoj Karkee Q. Zhang Karen Lewis Apple crop-load estimation with over-the-row machine vision system. 26-35 2016 120 Comput. Electron. Agric. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compag.2015.10.022 db/journals/cea/cea120.html#GongalSAKZL16

Jianfeng Zhou Long He Manoj Karkee Qin Zhang 0012 Effect of catching surface and tilt angle on bruise damage of sweet cherry due to mechanical impact. 282-289 2016 121 Comput. Electron. Agric. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compag.2016.01.004 db/journals/cea/cea121.html#ZhouHKZ16

Jun Li 0089 Manoj Karkee Qin Zhang 0012 Kehui Xiao Tao Feng Characterizing apple picking patterns for robotic harvesting. 633-640 2016 127 Comput. Electron. Agric. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compag.2016.07.024 db/journals/cea/cea127.html#LiKZXF16

Joseph R. Davidson Abhisesh Silwal Cameron J. Hohimer Manoj Karkee Changki Mo Qin Zhang 0012 Proof-of-concept of a robotic apple harvester. 634-639 2016 IROS https://doi.org/10.1109/IROS.2016.7759119 conf/iros/2016 db/conf/iros/iros2016.html#DavidsonSHKMZ16

Ajay Sharda Manoj Karkee Qin Zhang 0012 Igor Ewlanow Ute Adameit Jay Brunner Effect of emitter type and mounting configuration on spray coverage for solid set canopy delivery system. 184-192 2015 112 Comput. Electron. Agric. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compag.2014.07.012 db/journals/cea/cea112.html#ShardaKZEAB15

A. Gongal Suraj Amatya Manoj Karkee Q. Zhang Karen Lewis Sensors and systems for fruit detection and localization: A review. 8-19 2015 116 Comput. Electron. Agric. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compag.2015.05.021 https://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q125812118 db/journals/cea/cea116.html#GongalAKZL15

Madhu Monga Daniel Roggow Manoj Karkee Song Sun Lakshmi Kiran Tondehal Brian L. Steward Atul G. Kelkar Joseph Zambreno Real-time simulation of dynamic vehicle models using a high-performance reconfigurable platform. 720-740 2015 39 Microprocess. Microsystems 8 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.micpro.2015.08.014 db/journals/mam/mam39.html#MongaRKSTSKZ15

Madhu Monga Manoj Karkee Song Sun Lakshmi Kiran Tondehal Brian L. Steward Atul G. Kelkar Joseph Zambreno Real-time Simulation of Dynamic Vehicle Models using a High-performance Reconfigurable Platform. 338-347 2012 conf/iccS/2012 ICCS https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2012.04.036 db/journals/procedia/procedia9.html#MongaKSTSKZ12

Manoj Karkee Brian L. Steward Atul G. Kelkar Zachary T. Kemp Modeling and real-time simulation architectures for virtual prototyping of off-road vehicles. 83-96 2011 15 Virtual Real. 1 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10055-009-0150-1 db/journals/vr/vr15.html#KarkeeSKK11

Paudel Achyut Ute Adameit Dawood Ahmed Justin Allen Suraj Amatya Atif Bilal Asad Chetan Badgujar Chetan Badjugar Sergio Bayano-Tejero Jacob Benedict Uddhav Bhattarai Santosh Bhusal Deven Biehler Daniel Borrenpohl Jostan Brown Jay Brunner Yang Cao Aman Chadha Jianneng Chen Wenkang Chen Rahul Harsha Cheppally Martin Churuvija Ryan Cole Jack Coleman Pierre Davadant Joseph R. Davidson Fayaz Ali Dharejo Geraldine Diverres L. G. Divyanth Anoop Kumar Dixit Ryan Dorosh Xiaoqiang Du Jieli Duan Abdel-Rahman B. M. El-DalyAbdelrahman B. M. Eldaly Christos Emmanouilidis Igor Ewlanow Xinqi Fan Tao Feng Xuping Feng Robert Fitch Marco Flores-Calero Han Fu Longsheng Fu Fangfang Gao Zongmei Gao A. Gongal Cindy GrimmCindy M. Grimm Jie Guo Muhammad Usman Hadi Syed Zohaib Hassan Leiying He Long He Yong He 0001 Zixaun He Zixuan He Paul H. Heinemann Cameron J. Hohimer Zichen Huang 0003 Basit Muhammad Imran Vinjia Jain Qianjing Jiang Tingting Jiang Yinlong Jiang Santosh Kalauni Chenchen Kang Sachin Kansal Atul G. Kelkar Markus Keller Zachary T. Kemp Sheheryar Khan Salik Ram Khanal Lav R. Khot Josyula Gopala Krishna Safal Kshetri Jordan Kurtz Karen Lewis Jiajia Li Jun Li 0089 Rui Li 0069 Xiaoli Li 0010 Yuechan Li Enxiu Liu Wenbo Liu Xiaoyu Liu Yufei Liu 0006 Zibo Liu Navjeet Lohan Shiv Kumar Lohan Shenglian Lu Wenwu Lu Jiecai Luo Ming Luo 0004 Zenghong Ma Yaqoob Majeed Chakradhar Mattupalli Zhichao Meng Seyedali Mirjalili Changki Mo Madhu Monga Xinyang Mu Amgad Muneer Mahesh Kumar Narang Dimitrios K. Nasiopoulos Upesh Nepal Christopher Ninatanta Nidhi Parayil Justin Pilgrim Alwin Poulose Chander Prakash Rizwan Qureshi Ariel Ramos Divya Rathore Shaina Raza Antonio Rodríguez-Lizana Daniel Roggow Konstantinos I. Roumeliotis Syed Usama Bin Sabir Ferhat Sadak Muhammad Sajjad Bernardita V. Sallato Ranjan Sapkota R. Paul Schreiner James Schupp Abbas Shah Ajay Sharda Nataliya Shcherbatyuk Maged Shoman John M. Shutske Ravid Shwartz-Ziv H. S. Sidhu Abhisesh Silwal Derminder Singh Manjeet Singh Sukhmeet Singh Rafael R. Sola-Guirado Jack Spieker Brian L. Steward Fouad Sukkar Song Sun Amy Tabb Ryan Taylor Ashley Thompson Lakshmi Kiran Tondehal Nikolaos D. Tselikas Ethan Tuck Priyanka Upadhyaya Uday Bhanu Prakash Vaddevolu Ashmal Vayani Shumao Wang Yawei Wang Yuwei Wang Ian Wells Matthew D. Whiting Chuanyu Wu Jia Wu 0009 Jingzhu Wu Kehui Xiao Hong Yan 0001 Zhou Yang 0005 Kyle T. Yoshida Alexander You Anas Zafar Joseph Zambreno Peter Zeno Jing Zhang Kai Zhang Q. Zhang Qin Zhang 0012 Wenkai Zhang Xin Zhang 0085 Jianfeng Zhou Zhiyan Zhou Minghui Zhu