Annotation of html5/spec/syntax.html, revision 1.100
1.2 mike 1: <!DOCTYPE HTML>
1.12 mike 2: <html lang="en-US-x-Hixie"><head><title>9 The HTML syntax — HTML 5</title><style type="text/css">
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1.2 mike 173: </style><link href="data:text/css," rel="stylesheet" title="Complete specification"><link href="data:text/css,.impl%20%7B%20display:%20none;%20%7D" rel="alternate stylesheet" title="Author documentation only"><link href="data:text/css,.impl%20%7B%20background:%20%23FFEEEE;%20%7D" rel="alternate stylesheet" title="Highlight implementation requirements"><link href="http://www.w3.org/StyleSheets/TR/W3C-ED" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css"><!-- ZZZ ED vs WD -->
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175: <link href="comms.html" title="8 Communication" rel="prev">
176: <link href="spec.html#contents" title="Table of contents" rel="index">
1.1 mike 177: <link href="named-character-references.html" title="9.6 Named character references" rel="next">
1.16 mike 178: </head><body onload="fixBrokenLink(); fixBrokenLink()"><div class="head">
1.1 mike 179: <p><a href="http://www.w3.org/"><img alt="W3C" height="48" src="http://www.w3.org/Icons/w3c_home" width="72"></a></p>
1.4 mike 180: <h1>HTML 5</h1>
1.1 mike 181: <h2 class="no-num no-toc" id="a-vocabulary-and-associated-apis-for-html-and-xhtml">A vocabulary and associated APIs for HTML and XHTML</h2>
1.97 mike 182: </div>
183:
184: <nav>
1.1 mike 185: <a href="comms.html">← 8 Communication</a> –
1.2 mike 186: <a href="spec.html#contents">Table of contents</a> –
1.1 mike 187: <a href="named-character-references.html">9.6 Named character references →</a>
1.100 ! mike 188: </nav><p>This is revision 1.2767.</p>
1.97 mike 189:
1.11 mike 190:
1.97 mike 191: <h2 id="syntax"><span class="secno">9 </span><dfn>The HTML syntax</dfn></h2>
1.1 mike 192:
1.97 mike 193: <p class="note">This section only describes the rules for
1.83 mike 194: <code><a href="iana-considerations.html#text-html">text/html</a></code> resources. Rules for XML resources are
1.1 mike 195: discussed in the section below entitled "<a href="the-xhtml-syntax.html#the-xhtml-syntax">The XHTML
1.97 mike 196: syntax</a>".</p>
197:
198:
199: <h3 id="writing"><span class="secno">9.1 </span>Writing HTML documents</h3>
200:
201: <div class="impl">
1.1 mike 202:
203: <p><i>This section only applies to documents, authoring tools, and
204: markup generators. In particular, it does not apply to conformance
205: checkers; conformance checkers must use the requirements given in
206: the next section ("parsing HTML documents").</i></p>
207:
1.97 mike 208: </div>
209:
210: <p>Documents must consist of the following parts, in the given
211: order:</p>
212:
213: <ol><li>Optionally, a single U+FEFF BYTE ORDER MARK (BOM) character.</li>
1.1 mike 214:
215: <li>Any number of <a href="#syntax-comments" title="syntax-comments">comments</a> and
216: <a href="infrastructure.html#space-character" title="space character">space characters</a>.</li>
217:
218: <li>A <a href="#syntax-doctype" title="syntax-doctype">DOCTYPE</a>.
219:
220: </li><li>Any number of <a href="#syntax-comments" title="syntax-comments">comments</a> and
221: <a href="infrastructure.html#space-character" title="space character">space characters</a>.</li>
222:
223: <li>The root element, in the form of an <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element">html</a></code> <a href="#syntax-elements" title="syntax-elements">element</a>.</li>
224:
225: <li>Any number of <a href="#syntax-comments" title="syntax-comments">comments</a> and
226: <a href="infrastructure.html#space-character" title="space character">space characters</a>.</li>
227:
228: </ol><p>The various types of content mentioned above are described in the
1.97 mike 229: next few sections.</p>
230:
231: <p>In addition, there are some restrictions on how <a href="semantics.html#character-encoding-declaration" title="character encoding declaration">character encoding
1.1 mike 232: declarations</a> are to be serialized, as discussed in the
1.97 mike 233: section on that topic.</p>
234:
235: <div class="note">
1.1 mike 236:
237: <p>Space characters before the root <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element">html</a></code> element, and
238: space characters at the start of the <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element">html</a></code> element and
239: before the <code><a href="semantics.html#the-head-element">head</a></code> element, will be dropped when the
240: document is parsed; space characters <em>after</em> the root
241: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element">html</a></code> element will be parsed as if they were at the end
242: of the <code><a href="semantics.html#the-body-element">body</a></code> element. Thus, space characters around the
243: root element do not round-trip.</p>
244:
245: <p>It is suggested that newlines be inserted after the DOCTYPE,
246: after any comments that are before the root element, after the
247: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element">html</a></code> element's start tag (if it is not <a href="#syntax-tag-omission" title="syntax-tag-omission">omitted</a>), and after any comments
248: that are inside the <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element">html</a></code> element but before the
249: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-head-element">head</a></code> element.</p>
250:
1.97 mike 251: </div>
252:
253: <p>Many strings in the HTML syntax (e.g. the names of elements and
1.1 mike 254: their attributes) are case-insensitive, but only for characters in
255: the ranges U+0041 .. U+005A (LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A to LATIN CAPITAL
256: LETTER Z) and U+0061 .. U+007A (LATIN SMALL LETTER A to LATIN SMALL
257: LETTER Z). For convenience, in this section this is just referred to
1.97 mike 258: as "case-insensitive".</p>
259:
260:
261: <h4 id="the-doctype"><span class="secno">9.1.1 </span>The DOCTYPE</h4>
262:
263: <p>A <dfn id="syntax-doctype" title="syntax-doctype">DOCTYPE</dfn> is a mostly useless,
264: but required, header.</p>
265:
266: <p class="note">DOCTYPEs are required for legacy reasons. When
1.1 mike 267: omitted, browsers tend to use a different rendering mode that is
268: incompatible with some specifications. Including the DOCTYPE in a
269: document ensures that the browser makes a best-effort attempt at
1.97 mike 270: following the relevant specifications.</p>
271:
272: <p>A DOCTYPE must consist of the following characters, in this
273: order:</p>
274:
275: <ol class="brief"><li>A U+003C LESS-THAN SIGN (<code><</code>) character.</li>
1.1 mike 276: <li>A U+0021 EXCLAMATION MARK (<code>!</code>) character.</li>
277: <li>A string that is an <a href="infrastructure.html#ascii-case-insensitive">ASCII case-insensitive</a> match for the string "<code title="">DOCTYPE</code>".</li>
278: <li>One or more <a href="infrastructure.html#space-character" title="space character">space characters</a>.</li>
279: <li>A string that is an <a href="infrastructure.html#ascii-case-insensitive">ASCII case-insensitive</a> match for the string "<code title="">HTML</code>".</li>
280: <li>Optionally, a <a href="#doctype-legacy-string">DOCTYPE legacy string</a> (defined below).</li>
281: <li>Zero or more <a href="infrastructure.html#space-character" title="space character">space characters</a>.</li>
282: <li>A U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN (<code>></code>) character.</li>
283: </ol><p class="note">In other words, <code><!DOCTYPE HTML></code>,
1.97 mike 284: case-insensitively.</p>
285:
286: <p>For the purposes of HTML generators that cannot output HTML
1.1 mike 287: markup with the short DOCTYPE "<code title=""><!DOCTYPE
288: HTML></code>", a <dfn id="doctype-legacy-string">DOCTYPE legacy string</dfn> may be inserted
289: into the DOCTYPE (in the position defined above). This string must
1.97 mike 290: consist of:</p>
291:
292: <ol class="brief"><li>One or more <a href="infrastructure.html#space-character" title="space character">space characters</a>.</li>
1.1 mike 293: <li>A string that is an <a href="infrastructure.html#ascii-case-insensitive">ASCII case-insensitive</a> match for the string "<code title="">SYSTEM</code>".</li>
294: <li>One or more <a href="infrastructure.html#space-character" title="space character">space characters</a>.</li>
295: <li>A U+0022 QUOTATION MARK or U+0027 APOSTROPHE character (the <i>quote mark</i>).</li>
296: <li>The literal string "<code title="">about:legacy-compat</code>".</li>
297: <li>A matching U+0022 QUOTATION MARK or U+0027 APOSTROPHE character (i.e. the same character as in the earlier step marked <i>quote mark</i>).</li>
298: </ol><p class="note">In other words, <code><!DOCTYPE HTML SYSTEM
299: "about:legacy-compat"></code> or <code><!DOCTYPE HTML SYSTEM
300: 'about:legacy-compat'></code>, case-insensitively except for the bit
1.97 mike 301: in quotes.</p>
302:
303: <p>The <a href="#doctype-legacy-string">DOCTYPE legacy string</a> should not be used unless
1.1 mike 304: the document is generated from a system that cannot output the
1.97 mike 305: shorter string.</p>
306:
307:
308:
309: <h4 id="elements-0"><span class="secno">9.1.2 </span>Elements</h4>
310:
311: <p>There are five different kinds of <dfn id="syntax-elements" title="syntax-elements">elements</dfn>: void elements, raw text
1.1 mike 312: elements, RCDATA elements, foreign elements, and normal
1.97 mike 313: elements.</p>
314:
315: <dl><dt><dfn id="void-elements">Void elements</dfn></dt>
1.1 mike 316:
317: <dd><code><a href="the-canvas-element.html#the-area-element">area</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-base-element">base</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-br-element">br</a></code>,
318: <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-col-element">col</a></code>, <code><a href="interactive-elements.html#the-command">command</a></code>, <code><a href="embedded-content-0.html#the-embed-element">embed</a></code>,
319: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-hr-element">hr</a></code>, <code><a href="embedded-content-0.html#the-img-element">img</a></code>, <code><a href="forms.html#the-input-element">input</a></code>,
320: <code><a href="forms.html#the-keygen-element">keygen</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-link-element">link</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#meta">meta</a></code>,
321: <code><a href="embedded-content-0.html#the-param-element">param</a></code>, <code><a href="video.html#the-source-element">source</a></code></dd>
322:
1.91 mike 323: <dt>Raw text elements</dt>
1.1 mike 324:
325: <dd><code><a href="semantics.html#script">script</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-style-element">style</a></code></dd> <!-- iframe and
1.91 mike 326: noscript don't count as raw text for syntax purposes -->
1.1 mike 327:
328: <dt>RCDATA elements</dt>
329:
330: <dd><code><a href="forms.html#the-textarea-element">textarea</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-title-element">title</a></code></dd>
331:
332: <dt>Foreign elements</dt>
333:
334: <dd>Elements from the <a href="#mathml-namespace">MathML namespace</a>
335: and the <a href="#svg-namespace">SVG namespace</a>.</dd>
336:
337: <dt>Normal elements</dt>
338:
339: <dd>All other allowed <a href="infrastructure.html#html-elements">HTML elements</a> are normal
340: elements.</dd>
341:
342: </dl><p><dfn id="syntax-tags" title="syntax-tags">Tags</dfn> are used to delimit the start
1.91 mike 343: and end of elements in the markup. Raw text, RCDATA, and normal
1.1 mike 344: elements have a <a href="#syntax-start-tag" title="syntax-start-tag">start tag</a> to
345: indicate where they begin, and an <a href="#syntax-end-tag" title="syntax-end-tag">end
346: tag</a> to indicate where they end. The start and end tags of
347: certain normal elements can be <a href="#syntax-tag-omission" title="syntax-tag-omission">omitted</a>, as described
348: later. Those that cannot be omitted must not be omitted. <a href="#void-elements">Void
349: elements</a> only have a start tag; end tags must not be
350: specified for void elements. Foreign elements must either have a
351: start tag and an end tag, or a start tag that is marked as
1.97 mike 352: self-closing, in which case they must not have an end tag.</p>
353:
354: <p>The contents of the element must be placed between just after the
1.1 mike 355: start tag (which <a href="#syntax-tag-omission" title="syntax-tag-omission">might be implied,
356: in certain cases</a>) and just before the end tag (which again,
357: <a href="#syntax-tag-omission" title="syntax-tag-omission">might be implied in certain
358: cases</a>). The exact allowed contents of each individual element
359: depends on the content model of that element, as described earlier
360: in this specification. Elements must not contain content that their
361: content model disallows. In addition to the restrictions placed on
362: the contents by those content models, however, the five types of
1.97 mike 363: elements have additional <em>syntactic</em> requirements.</p>
364:
365: <p><a href="#void-elements">Void elements</a> can't have any contents (since there's
1.1 mike 366: no end tag, no content can be put between the start tag and the end
1.97 mike 367: tag).</p>
368:
369: <p>Raw text elements can have <a href="#syntax-text" title="syntax-text">text</a>,
1.1 mike 370: though it has <a href="#cdata-rcdata-restrictions">restrictions</a>
1.97 mike 371: described below.</p>
372:
373: <p>RCDATA elements can have <a href="#syntax-text" title="syntax-text">text</a>
1.1 mike 374: and <a href="#syntax-charref" title="syntax-charref">character references</a>, but
375: the text must not contain an <a href="#syntax-ambiguous-ampersand" title="syntax-ambiguous-ampersand">ambiguous ampersand</a>.
376: There are also <a href="#cdata-rcdata-restrictions">further
1.97 mike 377: restrictions</a> described below.</p>
378:
379: <p>Foreign elements whose start tag is marked as self-closing can't
1.1 mike 380: have any contents (since, again, as there's no end tag, no content
381: can be put between the start tag and the end tag). Foreign elements
382: whose start tag is <em>not</em> marked as self-closing can have
383: <a href="#syntax-text" title="syntax-text">text</a>, <a href="#syntax-charref" title="syntax-charref">character references</a>, <a href="#syntax-cdata" title="syntax-cdata">CDATA sections</a>, other <a href="#syntax-elements" title="syntax-elements">elements</a>, and <a href="#syntax-comments" title="syntax-comments">comments</a>, but the text must not
384: contain the character U+003C LESS-THAN SIGN (<code><</code>) or
385: an <a href="#syntax-ambiguous-ampersand" title="syntax-ambiguous-ampersand">ambiguous
1.97 mike 386: ampersand</a>.</p>
387:
388: <p>Normal elements can have <a href="#syntax-text" title="syntax-text">text</a>,
1.1 mike 389: <a href="#syntax-charref" title="syntax-charref">character references</a>, other
390: <a href="#syntax-elements" title="syntax-elements">elements</a>, and <a href="#syntax-comments" title="syntax-comments">comments</a>, but the text must not
391: contain the character U+003C LESS-THAN SIGN (<code><</code>) or
392: an <a href="#syntax-ambiguous-ampersand" title="syntax-ambiguous-ampersand">ambiguous
393: ampersand</a>. Some normal elements also have <a href="#element-restrictions">yet more restrictions</a> on what
394: content they are allowed to hold, beyond the restrictions imposed by
395: the content model and those described in this paragraph. Those
1.97 mike 396: restrictions are described below.</p>
397:
398: <p>Tags contain a <dfn id="syntax-tag-name" title="syntax-tag-name">tag name</dfn>,
1.1 mike 399: giving the element's name. HTML elements all have names that only
400: use characters in the range U+0030 DIGIT ZERO .. U+0039 DIGIT NINE,
401: U+0061 LATIN SMALL LETTER A .. U+007A LATIN SMALL LETTER Z, U+0041
402: LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A .. U+005A LATIN CAPITAL LETTER Z, and U+002D
403: HYPHEN-MINUS (<code>-</code>). In the HTML syntax, tag names may be
404: written with any mix of lower- and uppercase letters that, when
405: converted to all-lowercase, matches the element's tag name; tag
1.97 mike 406: names are case-insensitive.</p>
407:
408:
409: <h5 id="start-tags"><span class="secno">9.1.2.1 </span>Start tags</h5>
410:
411: <p><dfn id="syntax-start-tag" title="syntax-start-tag">Start tags</dfn> must have the
412: following format:</p>
413:
414: <ol><li>The first character of a start tag must be a U+003C LESS-THAN
1.1 mike 415: SIGN (<code><</code>).</li>
416:
417: <li>The next few characters of a start tag must be the element's
418: <a href="#syntax-tag-name" title="syntax-tag-name">tag name</a>.</li>
419:
420: <li>If there are to be any attributes in the next step, there must
421: first be one or more <a href="infrastructure.html#space-character" title="space character">space
422: characters</a>.</li>
423:
424: <li>Then, the start tag may have a number of attributes, the <a href="#syntax-attributes" title="syntax-attributes">syntax for which</a> is described
425: below. Attributes may be separated from each other by one or more
426: <a href="infrastructure.html#space-character" title="space character">space characters</a>.</li>
427:
428: <li>After the attributes, there may be one or more <a href="infrastructure.html#space-character" title="space character">space characters</a>. (Some attributes
429: are required to be followed by a space. See the <a href="#syntax-attributes" title="syntax-attributes">attributes section</a> below.)</li>
430:
431: <li>Then, if the element is one of the <a href="#void-elements">void elements</a>,
432: or if the element is a foreign element, then there may be a single
433: U+002F SOLIDUS (<code>/</code>) character. This character has no
434: effect on void elements, but on foreign elements it marks the start
435: tag as self-closing.</li>
436:
437: <li>Finally, start tags must be closed by a U+003E GREATER-THAN
438: SIGN (<code>></code>) character.</li>
439:
1.97 mike 440: </ol><h5 id="end-tags"><span class="secno">9.1.2.2 </span>End tags</h5>
441:
442: <p><dfn id="syntax-end-tag" title="syntax-end-tag">End tags</dfn> must have the
443: following format:</p>
444:
445: <ol><li>The first character of an end tag must be a U+003C LESS-THAN
1.1 mike 446: SIGN (<code><</code>).</li>
447:
448: <li>The second character of an end tag must be a U+002F SOLIDUS
449: (<code>/</code>).</li>
450:
451: <li>The next few characters of an end tag must be the element's
452: <a href="#syntax-tag-name" title="syntax-tag-name">tag name</a>.</li>
453:
454: <li>After the tag name, there may be one or more <a href="infrastructure.html#space-character" title="space
455: character">space characters</a>.</li>
456:
457: <li>Finally, end tags must be closed by a U+003E GREATER-THAN
458: SIGN (<code>></code>) character.</li>
459:
1.97 mike 460: </ol><h5 id="attributes"><span class="secno">9.1.2.3 </span>Attributes</h5>
461:
462: <p><dfn id="syntax-attributes" title="syntax-attributes">Attributes</dfn> for an element
463: are expressed inside the element's start tag.</p>
464:
465: <p>Attributes have a name and a value. <dfn id="syntax-attribute-name" title="syntax-attribute-name">Attribute names</dfn> must consist of
1.1 mike 466: one or more characters other than the <a href="infrastructure.html#space-character" title="space
467: character">space characters</a>, U+0000 NULL, U+0022 QUOTATION
468: MARK ("), U+0027 APOSTROPHE ('), U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN
469: (>), U+002F SOLIDUS (/), and U+003D EQUALS SIGN (=) characters,
470: the control characters, and any characters that are not defined by
471: Unicode. In the HTML syntax, attribute names may be written with any
472: mix of lower- and uppercase letters that are an <a href="infrastructure.html#ascii-case-insensitive">ASCII
1.97 mike 473: case-insensitive</a> match for the attribute's name.</p>
474:
475: <p><dfn id="syntax-attribute-value" title="syntax-attribute-value">Attribute values</dfn> are a
1.1 mike 476: mixture of <a href="#syntax-text" title="syntax-text">text</a> and <a href="#syntax-charref" title="syntax-charref">character references</a>, except with the
1.97 mike 477: additional restriction that the text cannot contain an <a href="#syntax-ambiguous-ampersand" title="syntax-ambiguous-ampersand">ambiguous ampersand</a>.</p>
478:
479: <p>Attributes can be specified in four different ways:</p>
480:
481: <dl><dt>Empty attribute syntax</dt>
1.1 mike 482:
483: <dd>
484:
485: <p>Just the <a href="#syntax-attribute-name" title="syntax-attribute-name">attribute
486: name</a>.</p>
487:
488: <div class="example">
489:
490: <p>In the following example, the <code title="attr-fe-disabled"><a href="forms.html#attr-fe-disabled">disabled</a></code> attribute is given with
491: the empty attribute syntax:</p>
492:
493: <pre><input <em>disabled</em>></pre>
494:
495: </div>
496:
497: <p>If an attribute using the empty attribute syntax is to be
498: followed by another attribute, then there must be a <a href="infrastructure.html#space-character">space
499: character</a> separating the two.</p>
500:
501: </dd>
502:
1.2 mike 503: <dt id="unquoted">Unquoted attribute value syntax</dt>
1.1 mike 504:
505: <dd>
506:
507: <p>The <a href="#syntax-attribute-name" title="syntax-attribute-name">attribute name</a>,
508: followed by zero or more <a href="infrastructure.html#space-character" title="space character">space
509: characters</a>, followed by a single U+003D EQUALS SIGN
510: character, followed by zero or more <a href="infrastructure.html#space-character" title="space
511: character">space characters</a>, followed by the <a href="#syntax-attribute-value" title="syntax-attribute-value">attribute value</a>, which, in
512: addition to the requirements given above for attribute values,
513: must not contain any literal <a href="infrastructure.html#space-character" title="space character">space
514: characters</a>, any U+0022 QUOTATION MARK (<code>"</code>)
515: characters, U+0027 APOSTROPHE (<code>'</code>) characters,
516: U+003D EQUALS SIGN (<code>=</code>) characters, U+003C LESS-THAN
517: SIGN (<code><</code>) characters, or U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN
518: (<code>></code>) characters, and must not be the empty
519: string.</p>
520:
521: <div class="example">
522:
523: <p>In the following example, the <code title="attr-input-value"><a href="forms.html#attr-input-value">value</a></code> attribute is given
524: with the unquoted attribute value syntax:</p>
525:
526: <pre><input <em>value=yes</em>></pre>
527:
528: </div>
529:
530: <p>If an attribute using the unquoted attribute syntax is to be
531: followed by another attribute or by one of the optional U+002F
532: SOLIDUS (<code>/</code>) characters allowed in step 6 of the <a href="#syntax-start-tag" title="syntax-start-tag">start tag</a> syntax above, then there
533: must be a <a href="infrastructure.html#space-character">space character</a> separating the two.</p>
534:
535: </dd>
536:
537: <dt>Single-quoted attribute value syntax</dt>
538:
539: <dd>
540:
541: <p>The <a href="#syntax-attribute-name" title="syntax-attribute-name">attribute name</a>,
542: followed by zero or more <a href="infrastructure.html#space-character" title="space character">space
543: characters</a>, followed by a single U+003D EQUALS SIGN
544: character, followed by zero or more <a href="infrastructure.html#space-character" title="space
545: character">space characters</a>, followed by a single U+0027
546: APOSTROPHE (<code>'</code>) character, followed by the <a href="#syntax-attribute-value" title="syntax-attribute-value">attribute value</a>, which, in
547: addition to the requirements given above for attribute values,
548: must not contain any literal U+0027 APOSTROPHE (<code>'</code>)
549: characters, and finally followed by a second single U+0027
550: APOSTROPHE (<code>'</code>) character.</p>
551:
552: <div class="example">
553:
554: <p>In the following example, the <code title="attr-input-type"><a href="forms.html#attr-input-type">type</a></code> attribute is given with the
555: single-quoted attribute value syntax:</p>
556:
557: <pre><input <em>type='checkbox'</em>></pre>
558:
559: </div>
560:
561: <p>If an attribute using the single-quoted attribute syntax is to
562: be followed by another attribute, then there must be a <a href="infrastructure.html#space-character">space
563: character</a> separating the two.</p>
564:
565: </dd>
566:
567: <dt>Double-quoted attribute value syntax</dt>
568:
569: <dd>
570:
571: <p>The <a href="#syntax-attribute-name" title="syntax-attribute-name">attribute name</a>,
572: followed by zero or more <a href="infrastructure.html#space-character" title="space character">space
573: characters</a>, followed by a single U+003D EQUALS SIGN
574: character, followed by zero or more <a href="infrastructure.html#space-character" title="space
575: character">space characters</a>, followed by a single U+0022
576: QUOTATION MARK (<code>"</code>) character, followed by the <a href="#syntax-attribute-value" title="syntax-attribute-value">attribute value</a>, which, in
577: addition to the requirements given above for attribute values,
578: must not contain any literal U+0022 QUOTATION MARK
579: (<code>"</code>) characters, and finally followed by a second
580: single U+0022 QUOTATION MARK (<code>"</code>) character.</p>
581:
582: <div class="example">
583:
584: <p>In the following example, the <code title="attr-fe-name"><a href="forms.html#attr-fe-name">name</a></code> attribute is given with the
585: double-quoted attribute value syntax:</p>
586:
587: <pre><input <em>name="be evil"</em>></pre>
588:
589: </div>
590:
591: <p>If an attribute using the double-quoted attribute syntax is to
592: be followed by another attribute, then there must be a <a href="infrastructure.html#space-character">space
593: character</a> separating the two.</p>
594:
595: </dd>
596:
597: </dl><p>There must never be two or more attributes on the same start tag
598: whose names are an <a href="infrastructure.html#ascii-case-insensitive">ASCII case-insensitive</a> match for
1.97 mike 599: each other.</p>
600:
601:
602: <h5 id="optional-tags"><span class="secno">9.1.2.4 </span>Optional tags</h5>
603:
604: <p>Certain tags can be <dfn id="syntax-tag-omission" title="syntax-tag-omission">omitted</dfn>.</p>
605:
606: <p class="note">Omitting an element's <a href="#syntax-start-tag" title="syntax-start-tag">start tag</a> does not mean the element
1.1 mike 607: is not present; it is implied, but it is still there. An HTML
608: document always has a root <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element">html</a></code> element, even if the
609: string <code title=""><html></code> doesn't appear anywhere in
1.97 mike 610: the markup.</p>
611:
612: <!-- <html> -->
613: <p>An <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element">html</a></code> element's <a href="#syntax-start-tag" title="syntax-start-tag">start tag</a> may be omitted if the
614: first thing inside the <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element">html</a></code> element is not a <a href="#syntax-comments" title="syntax-comments">comment</a>.</p>
615:
616: <!-- </html> -->
617: <p>An <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element">html</a></code> element's <a href="#syntax-end-tag" title="syntax-end-tag">end
1.1 mike 618: tag</a> may be omitted if the <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element">html</a></code> element is not
1.97 mike 619: immediately followed by a <a href="#syntax-comments" title="syntax-comments">comment</a>.</p>
620:
621: <!-- <head> -->
622: <p>A <code><a href="semantics.html#the-head-element">head</a></code> element's <a href="#syntax-start-tag" title="syntax-start-tag">start tag</a> may be omitted <!--if the
1.1 mike 623: element is empty, or--> if the first thing inside the
1.97 mike 624: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-head-element">head</a></code> element is an element.</p>
625:
626: <!-- </head> -->
627: <p>A <code><a href="semantics.html#the-head-element">head</a></code> element's <a href="#syntax-end-tag" title="syntax-end-tag">end
1.1 mike 628: tag</a> may be omitted if the <code><a href="semantics.html#the-head-element">head</a></code> element is not
1.97 mike 629: immediately followed by a <a href="infrastructure.html#space-character">space character</a> or a <a href="#syntax-comments" title="syntax-comments">comment</a>.</p>
630:
631: <!-- <body> -->
632: <p>A <code><a href="semantics.html#the-body-element">body</a></code> element's <a href="#syntax-start-tag" title="syntax-start-tag">start tag</a> may be omitted if the
1.1 mike 633: element is empty, or if the first thing inside the <code><a href="semantics.html#the-body-element">body</a></code>
634: element is not a <a href="infrastructure.html#space-character">space character</a> or a <a href="#syntax-comments" title="syntax-comments">comment</a>, except if the first thing
635: inside the <code><a href="semantics.html#the-body-element">body</a></code> element is a <code><a href="semantics.html#script">script</a></code> or
636: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-style-element">style</a></code> element. <!-- Note that even if the </head> end
637: tag is present, the parser makes <style> and <script> elements
638: between </head> and <body> end up in the <head> instead of implying
1.97 mike 639: the <body> --></p>
640:
641: <!-- </body> -->
642: <p>A <code><a href="semantics.html#the-body-element">body</a></code> element's <a href="#syntax-end-tag" title="syntax-end-tag">end
1.1 mike 643: tag</a> may be omitted if the <code><a href="semantics.html#the-body-element">body</a></code> element is not
1.97 mike 644: immediately followed by a <a href="#syntax-comments" title="syntax-comments">comment</a>.</p>
645:
646: <!-- </li> -->
647: <p>A <code><a href="semantics.html#the-li-element">li</a></code> element's <a href="#syntax-end-tag" title="syntax-end-tag">end
1.1 mike 648: tag</a> may be omitted if the <code><a href="semantics.html#the-li-element">li</a></code> element is
649: immediately followed by another <code><a href="semantics.html#the-li-element">li</a></code> element or if there
1.97 mike 650: is no more content in the parent element.</p>
651:
652: <!-- </dt> -->
653: <p>A <code><a href="semantics.html#the-dt-element">dt</a></code> element's <a href="#syntax-end-tag" title="syntax-end-tag">end
1.1 mike 654: tag</a> may be omitted if the <code><a href="semantics.html#the-dt-element">dt</a></code> element is
655: immediately followed by another <code><a href="semantics.html#the-dt-element">dt</a></code> element or a
1.97 mike 656: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-dd-element">dd</a></code> element.</p>
657:
658: <!-- </dd> -->
659: <p>A <code><a href="semantics.html#the-dd-element">dd</a></code> element's <a href="#syntax-end-tag" title="syntax-end-tag">end
1.1 mike 660: tag</a> may be omitted if the <code><a href="semantics.html#the-dd-element">dd</a></code> element is
661: immediately followed by another <code><a href="semantics.html#the-dd-element">dd</a></code> element or a
662: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-dt-element">dt</a></code> element, or if there is no more content in the
1.97 mike 663: parent element.</p>
664:
665: <!-- </p> -->
666: <p>A <code><a href="semantics.html#the-p-element">p</a></code> element's <a href="#syntax-end-tag" title="syntax-end-tag">end
1.1 mike 667: tag</a> may be omitted if the <code><a href="semantics.html#the-p-element">p</a></code> element is
668: immediately followed by an <code><a href="semantics.html#the-address-element">address</a></code>,
669: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-article-element">article</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-aside-element">aside</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-blockquote-element">blockquote</a></code>,
1.86 mike 670: <!--v2DATAGRID <code>datagrid</code>,--> <code><a href="semantics.html#the-dialog-element">dialog</a></code>,
671: <code><a href="obsolete.html#dir">dir</a></code>, <code><a href="interactive-elements.html#the-div-element">div</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-dl-element">dl</a></code>,
672: <code><a href="forms.html#the-fieldset-element">fieldset</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-footer-element">footer</a></code>, <code><a href="forms.html#the-form-element">form</a></code>,
673: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-h1-h2-h3-h4-h5-and-h6-elements">h1</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-h1-h2-h3-h4-h5-and-h6-elements">h2</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-h1-h2-h3-h4-h5-and-h6-elements">h3</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-h1-h2-h3-h4-h5-and-h6-elements">h4</a></code>,
674: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-h1-h2-h3-h4-h5-and-h6-elements">h5</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-h1-h2-h3-h4-h5-and-h6-elements">h6</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-header-element">header</a></code>,
675: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-hgroup-element">hgroup</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-hr-element">hr</a></code>, <code><a href="interactive-elements.html#menus">menu</a></code>,
676: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-nav-element">nav</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-ol-element">ol</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-p-element">p</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-pre-element">pre</a></code>,
1.1 mike 677: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-section-element">section</a></code>, <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-table-element">table</a></code>, or <code><a href="semantics.html#the-ul-element">ul</a></code>,
678: element, or if there is no more content in the parent element and
1.97 mike 679: the parent element is not an <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-a-element">a</a></code> element.</p>
680:
681: <!-- </rt> -->
682: <p>An <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-rt-element">rt</a></code> element's <a href="#syntax-end-tag" title="syntax-end-tag">end
1.1 mike 683: tag</a> may be omitted if the <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-rt-element">rt</a></code> element is
684: immediately followed by an <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-rt-element">rt</a></code> or <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-rp-element">rp</a></code>
1.97 mike 685: element, or if there is no more content in the parent element.</p>
686:
687: <!-- </rp> -->
688: <p>An <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-rp-element">rp</a></code> element's <a href="#syntax-end-tag" title="syntax-end-tag">end
1.1 mike 689: tag</a> may be omitted if the <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-rp-element">rp</a></code> element is
690: immediately followed by an <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-rt-element">rt</a></code> or <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-rp-element">rp</a></code>
1.97 mike 691: element, or if there is no more content in the parent element.</p>
692:
693: <!-- </optgroup> (the text assumes <optgroup> can only be inside a
1.1 mike 694: <select>; commented out text below can handle the non-<select> case
1.97 mike 695: if we ever allow it) -->
696: <p>An <code><a href="forms.html#the-optgroup-element">optgroup</a></code> element's <a href="#syntax-end-tag" title="syntax-end-tag">end tag</a> may be omitted if the
1.1 mike 697: <code><a href="forms.html#the-optgroup-element">optgroup</a></code> element <!--has an ancestor
698: <code>select</code> element and--> is immediately followed by
699: another <code><a href="forms.html#the-optgroup-element">optgroup</a></code> element, or if <!--all of the elements
700: that are ancestors of the <code>optgroup</code> element, up to and
701: including the first ancestor element that is not an
702: <code>optgroup</code> element, have no more content--> there is no
1.97 mike 703: more content in the parent element.</p>
704: <!-- so e.g. the max number of </optgroup>s are omitted here:
1.1 mike 705: <select><optgroup></select>
706: <p id=x><optgroup></optgroup>x</p>
707: <p id=x><optgroup><optgroup></optgroup></optgroup>x</p>
708: <p><optgroup id=x><optgroup></optgroup>x</p>
709: <p><optgroup><optgroup id=x>x</p>
1.97 mike 710: -->
711:
712: <!-- </option> -->
713: <p>An <code><a href="forms.html#the-option-element">option</a></code> element's <a href="#syntax-end-tag" title="syntax-end-tag">end
1.1 mike 714: tag</a> may be omitted if the <code><a href="forms.html#the-option-element">option</a></code> element is
715: immediately followed by another <code><a href="forms.html#the-option-element">option</a></code> element, or if
716: it is immediately followed by an <code><a href="forms.html#the-optgroup-element">optgroup</a></code> element, or
1.97 mike 717: if there is no more content in the parent element.</p>
718:
719: <!-- <colgroup> -->
720: <p>A <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-colgroup-element">colgroup</a></code> element's <a href="#syntax-start-tag" title="syntax-start-tag">start tag</a> may be omitted if the
1.1 mike 721: first thing inside the <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-colgroup-element">colgroup</a></code> element is a
722: <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-col-element">col</a></code> element, and if the element is not immediately
723: preceded by another <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-colgroup-element">colgroup</a></code> element whose <a href="#syntax-end-tag" title="syntax-end-tag">end tag</a> has been omitted. (It can't be
1.97 mike 724: omitted if the element is empty.)</p>
725:
726: <!-- </colgroup> -->
727: <p>A <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-colgroup-element">colgroup</a></code> element's <a href="#syntax-end-tag" title="syntax-end-tag">end tag</a> may be omitted if the
1.1 mike 728: <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-colgroup-element">colgroup</a></code> element is not immediately followed by a
1.97 mike 729: <a href="infrastructure.html#space-character">space character</a> or a <a href="#syntax-comments" title="syntax-comments">comment</a>.</p>
730:
731: <!-- </thead> -->
732: <p>A <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-thead-element">thead</a></code> element's <a href="#syntax-end-tag" title="syntax-end-tag">end
1.1 mike 733: tag</a> may be omitted if the <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-thead-element">thead</a></code> element is
734: immediately followed by a <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tbody-element">tbody</a></code> or <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tfoot-element">tfoot</a></code>
1.97 mike 735: element.</p>
736:
737: <!-- <tbody> -->
738: <p>A <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tbody-element">tbody</a></code> element's <a href="#syntax-start-tag" title="syntax-start-tag">start tag</a> may be omitted if the
1.1 mike 739: first thing inside the <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tbody-element">tbody</a></code> element is a
740: <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tr-element">tr</a></code> element, and if the element is not immediately
741: preceded by a <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tbody-element">tbody</a></code>, <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-thead-element">thead</a></code>, or
742: <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tfoot-element">tfoot</a></code> element whose <a href="#syntax-end-tag" title="syntax-end-tag">end
743: tag</a> has been omitted. (It can't be omitted if the element is
1.97 mike 744: empty.)</p>
745:
746: <!-- </tbody> -->
747: <p>A <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tbody-element">tbody</a></code> element's <a href="#syntax-end-tag" title="syntax-end-tag">end
1.1 mike 748: tag</a> may be omitted if the <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tbody-element">tbody</a></code> element is
749: immediately followed by a <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tbody-element">tbody</a></code> or <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tfoot-element">tfoot</a></code>
1.97 mike 750: element, or if there is no more content in the parent element.</p>
751:
752: <!-- </tfoot> -->
753: <p>A <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tfoot-element">tfoot</a></code> element's <a href="#syntax-end-tag" title="syntax-end-tag">end
1.1 mike 754: tag</a> may be omitted if the <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tfoot-element">tfoot</a></code> element is
755: immediately followed by a <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tbody-element">tbody</a></code> element, or if there is
1.97 mike 756: no more content in the parent element.</p>
757:
758: <!-- </tr> -->
759: <p>A <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tr-element">tr</a></code> element's <a href="#syntax-end-tag" title="syntax-end-tag">end
1.1 mike 760: tag</a> may be omitted if the <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tr-element">tr</a></code> element is
761: immediately followed by another <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tr-element">tr</a></code> element, or if there
1.97 mike 762: is no more content in the parent element.</p>
763:
764: <!-- </td> -->
765: <p>A <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-td-element">td</a></code> element's <a href="#syntax-end-tag" title="syntax-end-tag">end
1.1 mike 766: tag</a> may be omitted if the <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-td-element">td</a></code> element is
767: immediately followed by a <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-td-element">td</a></code> or <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-th-element">th</a></code>
1.97 mike 768: element, or if there is no more content in the parent element.</p>
769:
770: <!-- </th> -->
771: <p>A <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-th-element">th</a></code> element's <a href="#syntax-end-tag" title="syntax-end-tag">end
1.1 mike 772: tag</a> may be omitted if the <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-th-element">th</a></code> element is
773: immediately followed by a <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-td-element">td</a></code> or <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-th-element">th</a></code>
1.97 mike 774: element, or if there is no more content in the parent element.</p>
775:
776: <p><strong>However</strong>, a <a href="#syntax-start-tag" title="syntax-start-tag">start
777: tag</a> must never be omitted if it has any attributes.</p>
778:
779:
780: <h5 id="element-restrictions"><span class="secno">9.1.2.5 </span>Restrictions on content models</h5>
781:
782: <p>For historical reasons, certain elements have extra restrictions
783: beyond even the restrictions given by their content model.</p>
784:
785: <p>A <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-table-element">table</a></code> element must not contain <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tr-element">tr</a></code>
1.1 mike 786: elements, even though these elements are technically allowed inside
787: <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-table-element">table</a></code> elements according to the content models
788: described in this specification. (If a <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tr-element">tr</a></code> element is
789: put inside a <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-table-element">table</a></code> in the markup, it will in fact imply
1.97 mike 790: a <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tbody-element">tbody</a></code> start tag before it.)</p>
791:
792: <p>A single U+000A LINE FEED (LF) character may be placed
1.1 mike 793: immediately after the <a href="#syntax-start-tag" title="syntax-start-tag">start
794: tag</a> of <code><a href="semantics.html#the-pre-element">pre</a></code> and <code><a href="forms.html#the-textarea-element">textarea</a></code>
795: elements. This does not affect the processing of the element. The
796: otherwise optional U+000A LINE FEED (LF) character <em>must</em> be
797: included if the element's contents start with that character
798: (because otherwise the leading newline in the contents would be
1.97 mike 799: treated like the optional newline, and ignored).</p>
800:
801: <div class="example">
1.1 mike 802: <p>The following two <code><a href="semantics.html#the-pre-element">pre</a></code> blocks are equivalent:</p>
803: <pre><pre>Hello</pre></pre>
804: <pre><pre><br>Hello</pre></pre>
1.97 mike 805: </div>
806:
807:
808: <h5 id="cdata-rcdata-restrictions"><span class="secno">9.1.2.6 </span>Restrictions on the contents of raw text and RCDATA elements</h5>
809:
810: <p>The text in raw text and RCDATA elements must not contain any
1.1 mike 811: occurrences of the string "<code title=""></</code>" (U+003C
812: LESS-THAN SIGN, U+002F SOLIDUS) followed by characters that
813: case-insensitively match the tag name of the element followed by one
814: of U+0009 CHARACTER TABULATION, U+000A LINE FEED (LF), U+000C FORM
815: FEED (FF), U+0020 SPACE, U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN (>), or U+002F
1.97 mike 816: SOLIDUS (/), unless that string is part of an <a href="#syntax-escape" title="syntax-escape">escaping text span</a>.</p>
817:
818: <p>An <dfn id="syntax-escape" title="syntax-escape">escaping text span</dfn> is a span
1.1 mike 819: of <a href="#syntax-text" title="syntax-text">text</a> that starts with an <a href="#syntax-escape-start" title="syntax-escape-start">escaping text span start</a> that is
820: not itself in an <a href="#syntax-escape" title="syntax-escape">escaping text
821: span</a>, and ends at the next <a href="#syntax-escape-end" title="syntax-escape-end">escaping text span end</a>. There
822: cannot be any <a href="#syntax-charref" title="syntax-charref">character
823: references</a> inside an <a href="#syntax-escape" title="syntax-escape">escaping
824: text span</a> — sequences of characters that would look
825: like <a href="#syntax-charref" title="syntax-charref">character references</a> do not
1.97 mike 826: have special meaning.</p>
827:
828: <p>An <dfn id="syntax-escape-start" title="syntax-escape-start">escaping text span
1.1 mike 829: start</dfn> is a part of <a href="#syntax-text" title="syntax-text">text</a> that
830: consists of the four character sequence "<code title=""><!--</code>" (U+003C LESS-THAN SIGN, U+0021 EXCLAMATION
1.97 mike 831: MARK, U+002D HYPHEN-MINUS, U+002D HYPHEN-MINUS).</p>
832:
833: <p>An <dfn id="syntax-escape-end" title="syntax-escape-end">escaping text span end</dfn> is
1.1 mike 834: a part of <a href="#syntax-text" title="syntax-text">text</a> that consists of the
835: three character sequence "<code title="">--></code>" (U+002D
836: HYPHEN-MINUS, U+002D HYPHEN-MINUS, U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN) whose
1.97 mike 837: U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN (>).</p>
838:
839: <p>An <a href="#syntax-escape-start" title="syntax-escape-start">escaping text span
1.1 mike 840: start</a> may share its U+002D HYPHEN-MINUS characters with its
841: corresponding <a href="#syntax-escape-end" title="syntax-escape-end">escaping text span
1.97 mike 842: end</a>.</p>
843:
844: <p>The text in raw text elements and RCDATA elements must not have
1.91 mike 845: an <a href="#syntax-escape-start" title="syntax-escape-start">escaping text span start</a>
846: that is not followed by an <a href="#syntax-escape-end" title="syntax-escape-end">escaping
1.97 mike 847: text span end</a>.</p>
848:
849:
850: <h4 id="text-0"><span class="secno">9.1.3 </span>Text</h4>
851:
852: <p><dfn id="syntax-text" title="syntax-text">Text</dfn> is allowed inside elements,
1.1 mike 853: attributes, and comments. Text must consist of Unicode characters.
854: Text must not contain U+0000 characters. Text must not contain
855: permanently undefined Unicode characters. Text must not contain
856: control characters other than <a href="infrastructure.html#space-character" title="space character">space
857: characters</a>. Extra constraints are placed on what is and what
858: is not allowed in text based on where the text is to be put, as
1.97 mike 859: described in the other sections.</p>
860:
861:
862: <h5 id="newlines"><span class="secno">9.1.3.1 </span>Newlines</h5>
863:
864: <p><dfn id="syntax-newlines" title="syntax-newlines">Newlines</dfn> in HTML may be
1.1 mike 865: represented either as U+000D CARRIAGE RETURN (CR) characters, U+000A
866: LINE FEED (LF) characters, or pairs of U+000D CARRIAGE RETURN (CR),
1.97 mike 867: U+000A LINE FEED (LF) characters in that order.</p>
868:
869:
870: <h4 id="character-references"><span class="secno">9.1.4 </span>Character references</h4>
871:
872: <p>In certain cases described in other sections, <a href="#syntax-text" title="syntax-text">text</a> may be mixed with <dfn id="syntax-charref" title="syntax-charref">character references</dfn>. These can be used
1.1 mike 873: to escape characters that couldn't otherwise legally be included in
1.97 mike 874: <a href="#syntax-text" title="syntax-text">text</a>.</p>
875:
876: <p>Character references must start with a U+0026 AMPERSAND
1.1 mike 877: (<code>&</code>). Following this, there are three possible kinds
1.97 mike 878: of character references:</p>
879:
880: <dl><dt>Named character references</dt>
1.1 mike 881:
882: <dd>The ampersand must be followed by one of the names given in the
883: <a href="named-character-references.html#named-character-references">named character references</a> section, using the same
884: case. The name must be one that is terminated by a U+003B SEMICOLON
885: (<code title="">;</code>) character.</dd>
886:
887:
888: <dt>Decimal numeric character reference</dt>
889:
890: <dd>The ampersand must be followed by a U+0023 NUMBER SIGN
891: (<code>#</code>) character, followed by one or more digits in the
892: range U+0030 DIGIT ZERO .. U+0039 DIGIT NINE, representing a
893: base-ten integer that itself is a Unicode code point that is
894: not U+0000, U+000D, in the range U+0080 .. U+009F, or in the range
895: 0xD800 .. 0xDFFF (surrogates). The digits must then be followed by
896: a U+003B SEMICOLON character (<code title="">;</code>).</dd>
897:
898:
899: <dt>Hexadecimal numeric character reference</dt>
900:
901: <dd>The ampersand must be followed by a U+0023 NUMBER SIGN
902: (<code>#</code>) character, which must be followed by either a
903: U+0078 LATIN SMALL LETTER X or a U+0058 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER X
904: character, which must then be followed by one or more digits in the
905: range U+0030 DIGIT ZERO .. U+0039 DIGIT NINE, U+0061 LATIN SMALL
906: LETTER A .. U+0066 LATIN SMALL LETTER F, and U+0041 LATIN CAPITAL
907: LETTER A .. U+0046 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER F, representing a
908: base-sixteen integer that itself is a Unicode code point that is
909: not U+0000, U+000D, in the range U+0080 .. U+009F, or in the range
910: 0xD800 .. 0xDFFF (surrogates). The digits must then be followed by
911: a U+003B SEMICOLON character (<code title="">;</code>).</dd>
912:
913: </dl><p>An <dfn id="syntax-ambiguous-ampersand" title="syntax-ambiguous-ampersand">ambiguous
914: ampersand</dfn> is a U+0026 AMPERSAND (<code>&</code>) character
915: that is followed by some <a href="#syntax-text" title="syntax-text">text</a> other
916: than a <a href="infrastructure.html#space-character">space character</a>, a U+003C LESS-THAN SIGN
917: character ('<'), or another U+0026 AMPERSAND (<code>&</code>)
1.97 mike 918: character.</p>
919:
920:
921: <h4 id="cdata-sections"><span class="secno">9.1.5 </span>CDATA sections</h4>
922:
923: <p><dfn id="syntax-cdata" title="syntax-cdata">CDATA sections</dfn> must start with
1.1 mike 924: the character sequence U+003C LESS-THAN SIGN, U+0021 EXCLAMATION
925: MARK, U+005B LEFT SQUARE BRACKET, U+0043 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER C,
926: U+0044 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER D, U+0041 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A, U+0054
927: LATIN CAPITAL LETTER T, U+0041 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A, U+005B LEFT
928: SQUARE BRACKET (<code title=""><![CDATA[</code>). Following this
929: sequence, the CDATA section may have <a href="#syntax-text" title="syntax-text">text</a>, with the additional restriction
930: that the text must not contain the three character sequence U+005D
931: RIGHT SQUARE BRACKET, U+005D RIGHT SQUARE BRACKET, U+003E
932: GREATER-THAN SIGN (<code title="">]]></code>). Finally, the CDATA
933: section must be ended by the three character sequence U+005D RIGHT
934: SQUARE BRACKET, U+005D RIGHT SQUARE BRACKET, U+003E GREATER-THAN
1.97 mike 935: SIGN (<code title="">]]></code>).</p>
936:
937:
938: <h4 id="comments"><span class="secno">9.1.6 </span>Comments</h4>
939:
940: <p><dfn id="syntax-comments" title="syntax-comments">Comments</dfn> must start with the
1.1 mike 941: four character sequence U+003C LESS-THAN SIGN, U+0021 EXCLAMATION
942: MARK, U+002D HYPHEN-MINUS, U+002D HYPHEN-MINUS (<code title=""><!--</code>). Following this sequence, the comment may
943: have <a href="#syntax-text" title="syntax-text">text</a>, with the additional
944: restriction that the text must not start with a single U+003E
945: GREATER-THAN SIGN ('>') character, nor start with a U+002D
946: HYPHEN-MINUS (<code title="">-</code>) character followed by a
947: U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN ('>') character, nor contain two
948: consecutive U+002D HYPHEN-MINUS (<code title="">-</code>)
949: characters, nor end with a U+002D HYPHEN-MINUS (<code title="">-</code>) character. Finally, the comment must be ended by
950: the three character sequence U+002D HYPHEN-MINUS, U+002D
1.97 mike 951: HYPHEN-MINUS, U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN (<code title="">--></code>).</p>
952:
953:
954: <div class="impl">
1.1 mike 955:
956: <h3 id="parsing"><span class="secno">9.2 </span>Parsing HTML documents</h3>
957:
958: <p><i>This section only applies to user agents, data mining tools,
959: and conformance checkers.</i></p>
960:
961: <p class="note">The rules for parsing XML documents into DOM trees
962: are covered by the next section, entitled "<a href="the-xhtml-syntax.html#the-xhtml-syntax">The XHTML
963: syntax</a>".</p>
964:
965: <p>For <a href="dom.html#html-documents">HTML documents</a>, user agents must use the parsing
966: rules described in this section to generate the DOM trees. Together,
967: these rules define what is referred to as the <dfn id="html-parser">HTML
968: parser</dfn>.</p>
969:
970: <div class="note">
971:
972: <p>While the HTML syntax described in this specification bears a
973: close resemblance to SGML and XML, it is a separate language with
974: its own parsing rules.</p>
975:
976: <p>Some earlier versions of HTML (in particular from HTML 2 to
977: HTML 4) were based on SGML and used SGML parsing rules. However, few
978: (if any) web browsers ever implemented true SGML parsing for HTML
979: documents; the only user agents to strictly handle HTML as an SGML
980: application have historically been validators. The resulting
981: confusion — with validators claiming documents to have one
982: representation while widely deployed Web browsers interoperably
983: implemented a different representation — has wasted decades
984: of productivity. This version of HTML thus returns to a non-SGML
985: basis.</p>
986:
987: <p>Authors interested in using SGML tools in their authoring
988: pipeline are encouraged to use XML tools and the XML serialization
989: of HTML.</p>
990:
991: </div>
992:
993: <p>This specification defines the parsing rules for HTML documents,
994: whether they are syntactically correct or not. Certain points in the
995: parsing algorithm are said to be <dfn id="parse-error" title="parse error">parse
996: errors</dfn>. The error handling for parse errors is well-defined:
997: user agents must either act as described below when encountering
998: such problems, or must abort processing at the first error that they
999: encounter for which they do not wish to apply the rules described
1000: below.</p>
1001:
1002: <p>Conformance checkers must report at least one parse error
1003: condition to the user if one or more parse error conditions exist in
1004: the document and must not report parse error conditions if none
1005: exist in the document. Conformance checkers may report more than one
1006: parse error condition if more than one parse error conditions exist
1007: in the document. Conformance checkers are not required to recover
1008: from parse errors.</p>
1009:
1010: <p class="note">Parse errors are only errors with the
1011: <em>syntax</em> of HTML. In addition to checking for parse errors,
1012: conformance checkers will also verify that the document obeys all
1013: the other conformance requirements described in this
1014: specification.</p>
1015:
1016: <p>For the purposes of conformance checkers, if a resource is
1017: determined to be in <a href="#syntax">the HTML syntax</a>, then it is an
1018: <a href="dom.html#html-documents" title="HTML documents">HTML document</a>.</p>
1019:
1020:
1021: <h4 id="overview-of-the-parsing-model"><span class="secno">9.2.1 </span>Overview of the parsing model</h4>
1022:
1023: <p>The input to the HTML parsing process consists of a stream of
1024: Unicode characters, which is passed through a
1025: <a href="#tokenization">tokenization</a> stage followed by a <a href="#tree-construction">tree
1026: construction</a> stage. The output is a <code>Document</code>
1027: object.</p>
1028:
1029: <p class="note">Implementations that <a href="infrastructure.html#non-scripted">do not
1030: support scripting</a> do not have to actually create a DOM
1031: <code>Document</code> object, but the DOM tree in such cases is
1032: still used as the model for the rest of the specification.</p>
1033:
1034: <p>In the common case, the data handled by the tokenization stage
1035: comes from the network, but <a href="dom.html#dynamic-markup-insertion" title="dynamic markup
1036: insertion">it can also come from script</a>, e.g. using the <code title="dom-document-write"><a href="dom.html#dom-document-write">document.write()</a></code> API.</p>
1037:
1038: <p><img alt="" src="images/parsing-model-overview.png"></p>
1039:
1040: <p id="nestedParsing">There is only one set of states for the
1041: tokenizer stage and the tree construction stage, but the tree
1042: construction stage is reentrant, meaning that while the tree
1043: construction stage is handling one token, the tokenizer might be
1044: resumed, causing further tokens to be emitted and processed before
1045: the first token's processing is complete.</p>
1046:
1047: <div class="example">
1048:
1049: <p>In the following example, the tree construction stage will be
1050: called upon to handle a "p" start tag token while handling the
1051: "script" start tag token:</p>
1052:
1053: <pre>...
1054: <script>
1055: document.write('<p>');
1056: </script>
1057: ...</pre>
1058:
1059: </div>
1060:
1061: <p>To handle these cases, parsers have a <dfn id="script-nesting-level">script nesting
1062: level</dfn>, which must be initially set to zero, and a <dfn id="parser-pause-flag">parser
1063: pause flag</dfn>, which must be initially set to false.</p>
1064:
1065:
1066:
1067: <h4 id="the-input-stream"><span class="secno">9.2.2 </span>The <dfn>input stream</dfn></h4>
1068:
1069: <p>The stream of Unicode characters that comprises the input to the
1070: tokenization stage will be initially seen by the user agent as a
1071: stream of bytes (typically coming over the network or from the local
1072: file system). The bytes encode the actual characters according to a
1073: particular <em>character encoding</em>, which the user agent must
1074: use to decode the bytes into characters.</p>
1075:
1076: <p class="note">For XML documents, the algorithm user agents must
1077: use to determine the character encoding is given by the XML
1078: specification. This section does not apply to XML documents. <a href="references.html#references">[XML]</a></p>
1079:
1080:
1081: <h5 id="determining-the-character-encoding"><span class="secno">9.2.2.1 </span>Determining the character encoding</h5>
1082:
1083: <p>In some cases, it might be impractical to unambiguously determine
1084: the encoding before parsing the document. Because of this, this
1085: specification provides for a two-pass mechanism with an optional
1086: pre-scan. Implementations are allowed, as described below, to apply
1087: a simplified parsing algorithm to whatever bytes they have available
1088: before beginning to parse the document. Then, the real parser is
1089: started, using a tentative encoding derived from this pre-parse and
1090: other out-of-band metadata. If, while the document is being loaded,
1091: the user agent discovers an encoding declaration that conflicts with
1092: this information, then the parser can get reinvoked to perform a
1093: parse of the document with the real encoding.</p>
1094:
1095: <p id="documentEncoding">User agents must use the following
1096: algorithm (the <dfn id="encoding-sniffing-algorithm">encoding sniffing algorithm</dfn>) to determine
1097: the character encoding to use when decoding a document in the first
1098: pass. This algorithm takes as input any out-of-band metadata
1099: available to the user agent (e.g. the <a href="infrastructure.html#content-type" title="Content-Type">Content-Type metadata</a> of the document)
1100: and all the bytes available so far, and returns an encoding and a
1101: <dfn id="concept-encoding-confidence" title="concept-encoding-confidence">confidence</dfn>. The
1102: confidence is either <i>tentative</i>, <i>certain</i>, or
1103: <i>irrelevant</i>. The encoding used, and whether the confidence in
1104: that encoding is <i>tentative</i> or <i>certain</i>, is <a href="#meta-charset-during-parse">used during the parsing</a> to
1105: determine whether to <a href="#change-the-encoding">change the encoding</a>. If no
1106: encoding is necessary, e.g. because the parser is operating on a
1107: stream of Unicode characters and doesn't have to use an encoding at
1108: all, then the <a href="#concept-encoding-confidence" title="concept-encoding-confidence">confidence</a> is
1109: <i>irrelevant</i>.</p>
1110:
1111: <ol><li><p>If the transport layer specifies an encoding, and it is
1112: supported, return that encoding with the <a href="#concept-encoding-confidence" title="concept-encoding-confidence">confidence</a>
1113: <i>certain</i>, and abort these steps.</p></li>
1114:
1115: <li><p>The user agent may wait for more bytes of the resource to be
1116: available, either in this step or at any later step in this
1117: algorithm. For instance, a user agent might wait 500ms or 512
1118: bytes, whichever came first. In general preparsing the source to
1119: find the encoding improves performance, as it reduces the need to
1120: throw away the data structures used when parsing upon finding the
1121: encoding information. However, if the user agent delays too long to
1122: obtain data to determine the encoding, then the cost of the delay
1123: could outweigh any performance improvements from the
1124: preparse.</p></li>
1125:
1126: <li><p>For each of the rows in the following table, starting with
1127: the first one and going down, if there are as many or more bytes
1128: available than the number of bytes in the first column, and the
1129: first bytes of the file match the bytes given in the first column,
1130: then return the encoding given in the cell in the second column of
1131: that row, with the <a href="#concept-encoding-confidence" title="concept-encoding-confidence">confidence</a>
1132: <i>certain</i>, and abort these steps:</p>
1133:
1134: <!-- this table is present in several forms in this file; keep them in sync -->
1135: <table><thead><tr><th>Bytes in Hexadecimal
1136: </th><th>Encoding
1137: </th></tr></thead><tbody><!-- nobody uses this
1138: <tr>
1139: <td>00 00 FE FF
1140: <td>UTF-32BE
1141: <tr>
1142: <td>FF FE 00 00
1143: <td>UTF-32LE
1144: --><tr><td>FE FF
1145: </td><td>UTF-16BE
1146: </td></tr><tr><td>FF FE
1147: </td><td>UTF-16LE
1148: </td></tr><tr><td>EF BB BF
1149: </td><td>UTF-8
1150: <!-- nobody uses this
1151: <tr>
1152: <td>DD 73 66 73
1153: <td>UTF-EBCDIC
1154: -->
1155: </td></tr></tbody></table><p class="note">This step looks for Unicode Byte Order Marks
1156: (BOMs).</p></li>
1157:
1158: <li><p>Otherwise, the user agent will have to search for explicit
1159: character encoding information in the file itself. This should
1160: proceed as follows:
1161:
1162: </p><p>Let <var title="">position</var> be a pointer to a byte in the
1163: input stream, initially pointing at the first byte. If at any
1164: point during these substeps the user agent either runs out of
1165: bytes or decides that scanning further bytes would not be
1166: efficient, then skip to the next step of the overall character
1167: encoding detection algorithm. User agents may decide that scanning
1168: <em>any</em> bytes is not efficient, in which case these substeps
1169: are entirely skipped.</p>
1170:
1171: <p>Now, repeat the following "two" steps until the algorithm
1172: aborts (either because user agent aborts, as described above, or
1173: because a character encoding is found):</p>
1174:
1175: <ol><li><p>If <var title="">position</var> points to:</p>
1176:
1177: <dl class="switch"><dt>A sequence of bytes starting with: 0x3C 0x21 0x2D 0x2D (ASCII '<!--')</dt>
1178: <dd>
1179:
1180: <p>Advance the <var title="">position</var> pointer so that it
1181: points at the first 0x3E byte which is preceded by two 0x2D
1182: bytes (i.e. at the end of an ASCII '-->' sequence) and comes
1183: after the 0x3C byte that was found. (The two 0x2D bytes can be
1184: the same as the those in the '<!--' sequence.)</p>
1185:
1186: </dd>
1187:
1188: <dt>A sequence of bytes starting with: 0x3C, 0x4D or 0x6D, 0x45 or 0x65, 0x54 or 0x74, 0x41 or 0x61, and finally one of 0x09, 0x0A, 0x0C, 0x0D, 0x20, 0x2F (case-insensitive ASCII '<meta' followed by a space or slash)</dt>
1189: <dd>
1190:
1191: <ol><li><p>Advance the <var title="">position</var> pointer so
1192: that it points at the next 0x09, 0x0A, 0x0C, 0x0D, 0x20, or
1193: 0x2F byte (the one in sequence of characters matched
1194: above).</p></li>
1195:
1196: <li><p><a href="#concept-get-attributes-when-sniffing" title="concept-get-attributes-when-sniffing">Get
1197: an attribute</a> and its value. If no attribute was
1198: sniffed, then skip this inner set of steps, and jump to the
1199: second step in the overall "two step" algorithm.</p></li>
1200:
1201: <li><p>If the attribute's name is neither "<code title="">charset</code>" nor "<code title="">content</code>",
1202: then return to step 2 in these inner steps.</p></li>
1203:
1204: <li><p>If the attribute's name is "<code title="">charset</code>", let <var title="">charset</var> be
1205: the attribute's value, interpreted as a character
1206: encoding.</p></li>
1207:
1208: <li><p>Otherwise, the attribute's name is "<code title="">content</code>": apply the <a href="infrastructure.html#algorithm-for-extracting-an-encoding-from-a-content-type">algorithm for
1209: extracting an encoding from a Content-Type</a>, giving the
1210: attribute's value as the string to parse. If an encoding is
1211: returned, let <var title="">charset</var> be that
1212: encoding. Otherwise, return to step 2 in these inner
1213: steps.</p></li>
1214:
1215: <li><p>If <var title="">charset</var> is a UTF-16 encoding,
1216: change the value of <var title="">charset</var> to
1217: UTF-8.</p></li>
1218:
1219: <li><p>If <var title="">charset</var> is a supported
1220: character encoding, then return the given encoding, with
1221: <a href="#concept-encoding-confidence" title="concept-encoding-confidence">confidence</a>
1222: <i>tentative</i>, and abort all these steps.</p></li>
1223:
1224: <li><p>Otherwise, return to step 2 in these inner
1225: steps.</p></li>
1226:
1227: </ol></dd>
1228:
1229: <dt>A sequence of bytes starting with a 0x3C byte (ASCII '<'), optionally a 0x2F byte (ASCII '/'), and finally a byte in the range 0x41-0x5A or 0x61-0x7A (an ASCII letter)</dt>
1230: <dd>
1231:
1232: <ol><li><p>Advance the <var title="">position</var> pointer so
1233: that it points at the next 0x09 (ASCII TAB), 0x0A (ASCII LF),
1234: 0x0C (ASCII FF), 0x0D (ASCII CR), 0x20 (ASCII space), or 0x3E
1235: (ASCII '>') byte.</p></li>
1236:
1237: <li><p>Repeatedly <a href="#concept-get-attributes-when-sniffing" title="concept-get-attributes-when-sniffing">get an
1238: attribute</a> until no further attributes can be found,
1239: then jump to the second step in the overall "two step"
1240: algorithm.</p></li>
1241:
1242: </ol></dd>
1243:
1244: <dt>A sequence of bytes starting with: 0x3C 0x21 (ASCII '<!')</dt>
1245: <dt>A sequence of bytes starting with: 0x3C 0x2F (ASCII '</')</dt>
1246: <dt>A sequence of bytes starting with: 0x3C 0x3F (ASCII '<?')</dt>
1247: <dd>
1248:
1249: <p>Advance the <var title="">position</var> pointer so that it
1250: points at the first 0x3E byte (ASCII '>') that comes after the
1251: 0x3C byte that was found.</p>
1252:
1253: </dd>
1254:
1255: <dt>Any other byte</dt>
1256: <dd>
1257:
1258: <p>Do nothing with that byte.</p>
1259:
1260: </dd>
1261:
1262: </dl></li>
1263:
1264: <li>Move <var title="">position</var> so it points at the next
1265: byte in the input stream, and return to the first step of this
1266: "two step" algorithm.</li>
1267:
1268: </ol><p>When the above "two step" algorithm says to <dfn id="concept-get-attributes-when-sniffing" title="concept-get-attributes-when-sniffing">get an
1269: attribute</dfn>, it means doing this:</p>
1270:
1271: <ol><li><p>If the byte at <var title="">position</var> is one of 0x09
1272: (ASCII TAB), 0x0A (ASCII LF), 0x0C (ASCII FF), 0x0D (ASCII CR),
1273: 0x20 (ASCII space), or 0x2F (ASCII '/') then advance <var title="">position</var> to the next byte and redo this
1274: substep.</p></li>
1275:
1276: <li><p>If the byte at <var title="">position</var> is 0x3E (ASCII
1277: '>'), then abort the "get an attribute" algorithm. There isn't
1278: one.</p></li>
1279:
1280: <li><p>Otherwise, the byte at <var title="">position</var> is the
1281: start of the attribute name. Let <var title="">attribute
1282: name</var> and <var title="">attribute value</var> be the empty
1283: string.</p></li>
1284:
1285: <li><p><i>Attribute name</i>: Process the byte at <var title="">position</var> as follows:</p>
1286:
1287: <dl class="switch"><dt>If it is 0x3D (ASCII '='), and the <var title="">attribute
1288: name</var> is longer than the empty string</dt>
1289:
1290: <dd>Advance <var title="">position</var> to the next byte and
1291: jump to the step below labeled <i>value</i>.</dd>
1292:
1293: <dt>If it is 0x09 (ASCII TAB), 0x0A (ASCII LF), 0x0C (ASCII
1294: FF), 0x0D (ASCII CR), or 0x20 (ASCII space)</dt>
1295:
1296: <dd>Jump to the step below labeled <i>spaces</i>.</dd>
1297:
1298: <dt>If it is 0x2F (ASCII '/') or 0x3E (ASCII '>')</dt>
1299:
1300: <dd>Abort the "get an attribute" algorithm. The attribute's
1301: name is the value of <var title="">attribute name</var>, its
1302: value is the empty string.</dd>
1303:
1304: <dt>If it is in the range 0x41 (ASCII 'A') to 0x5A (ASCII
1305: 'Z')</dt>
1306:
1307: <dd>Append the Unicode character with code point <span title=""><var title="">b</var>+0x20</span> to <var title="">attribute
1308: name</var> (where <var title="">b</var> is the value of the
1309: byte at <var title="">position</var>).</dd>
1310:
1311: <dt>Anything else</dt>
1312:
1313: <dd>Append the Unicode character with the same code point as the
1314: value of the byte at <var title="">position</var>) to <var title="">attribute name</var>. (It doesn't actually matter how
1315: bytes outside the ASCII range are handled here, since only
1316: ASCII characters can contribute to the detection of a character
1317: encoding.)</dd>
1318:
1319: </dl></li>
1320:
1321: <li><p>Advance <var title="">position</var> to the next byte and
1322: return to the previous step.</p></li>
1323:
1324: <li><p><i>Spaces</i>: If the byte at <var title="">position</var> is one of 0x09 (ASCII TAB), 0x0A (ASCII
1325: LF), 0x0C (ASCII FF), 0x0D (ASCII CR), or 0x20 (ASCII space) then
1326: advance <var title="">position</var> to the next byte, then,
1327: repeat this step.</p></li>
1328:
1329: <li><p>If the byte at <var title="">position</var> is
1330: <em>not</em> 0x3D (ASCII '='), abort the "get an attribute"
1331: algorithm. The attribute's name is the value of <var title="">attribute name</var>, its value is the empty
1332: string.</p></li>
1333:
1334: <li><p>Advance <var title="">position</var> past the 0x3D (ASCII
1335: '=') byte.</p></li>
1336:
1337: <li><p><i>Value:</i> If the byte at <var title="">position</var> is one of 0x09 (ASCII TAB), 0x0A (ASCII
1338: LF), 0x0C (ASCII FF), 0x0D (ASCII CR), or 0x20 (ASCII space) then
1339: advance <var title="">position</var> to the next byte, then,
1340: repeat this step.</p></li>
1341:
1342: <li><p>Process the byte at <var title="">position</var> as
1343: follows:</p>
1344:
1345: <dl class="switch"><dt>If it is 0x22 (ASCII '"') or 0x27 ("'")</dt>
1346:
1347: <dd>
1348:
1349: <ol><li>Let <var title="">b</var> be the value of the byte at
1350: <var title="">position</var>.</li>
1351:
1352: <li>Advance <var title="">position</var> to the next
1353: byte.</li>
1354:
1355: <li>If the value of the byte at <var title="">position</var>
1356: is the value of <var title="">b</var>, then advance <var title="">position</var> to the next byte and abort the "get
1357: an attribute" algorithm. The attribute's name is the value of
1358: <var title="">attribute name</var>, and its value is the
1359: value of <var title="">attribute value</var>.</li>
1360:
1361: <li>Otherwise, if the value of the byte at <var title="">position</var> is in the range 0x41 (ASCII 'A') to
1362: 0x5A (ASCII 'Z'), then append a Unicode character to <var title="">attribute value</var> whose code point is 0x20 more
1363: than the value of the byte at <var title="">position</var>.</li>
1364:
1365: <li>Otherwise, append a Unicode character to <var title="">attribute value</var> whose code point is the same as
1366: the value of the byte at <var title="">position</var>.</li>
1367:
1368: <li>Return to the second step in these substeps.</li>
1369:
1370: </ol></dd>
1371:
1372: <dt>If it is 0x3E (ASCII '>')</dt>
1373:
1374: <dd>Abort the "get an attribute" algorithm. The attribute's
1375: name is the value of <var title="">attribute name</var>, its
1376: value is the empty string.</dd>
1377:
1378:
1379: <dt>If it is in the range 0x41 (ASCII 'A') to 0x5A (ASCII
1380: 'Z')</dt>
1381:
1382: <dd>Append the Unicode character with code point <span title=""><var title="">b</var>+0x20</span> to <var title="">attribute
1383: value</var> (where <var title="">b</var> is the value of the
1384: byte at <var title="">position</var>). Advance <var title="">position</var> to the next byte.</dd>
1385:
1386: <dt>Anything else</dt>
1387:
1388: <dd>Append the Unicode character with the same code point as the
1389: value of the byte at <var title="">position</var>) to <var title="">attribute value</var>. Advance <var title="">position</var> to the next byte.</dd>
1390:
1391: </dl></li>
1392:
1393: <li><p>Process the byte at <var title="">position</var> as
1394: follows:</p>
1395:
1396: <dl class="switch"><dt>If it is 0x09 (ASCII TAB), 0x0A (ASCII LF), 0x0C (ASCII
1397: FF), 0x0D (ASCII CR), 0x20 (ASCII space), or 0x3E (ASCII
1398: '>')</dt>
1399:
1400: <dd>Abort the "get an attribute" algorithm. The attribute's
1401: name is the value of <var title="">attribute name</var> and its
1402: value is the value of <var title="">attribute value</var>.</dd>
1403:
1404: <dt>If it is in the range 0x41 (ASCII 'A') to 0x5A (ASCII
1405: 'Z')</dt>
1406:
1407: <dd>Append the Unicode character with code point <span title=""><var title="">b</var>+0x20</span> to <var title="">attribute
1408: value</var> (where <var title="">b</var> is the value of the
1409: byte at <var title="">position</var>).</dd>
1410:
1411: <dt>Anything else</dt>
1412:
1413: <dd>Append the Unicode character with the same code point as the
1414: value of the byte at <var title="">position</var>) to <var title="">attribute value</var>.</dd>
1415:
1416: </dl></li>
1417:
1418: <li><p>Advance <var title="">position</var> to the next byte and
1419: return to the previous step.</p></li>
1420:
1421: </ol><p>For the sake of interoperability, user agents should not use a
1422: pre-scan algorithm that returns different results than the one
1423: described above. (But, if you do, please at least let us know, so
1424: that we can improve this algorithm and benefit everyone...)</p>
1425:
1426: </li>
1427:
1428: <li><p>If the user agent has information on the likely encoding for
1429: this page, e.g. based on the encoding of the page when it was last
1430: visited, then return that encoding, with the <a href="#concept-encoding-confidence" title="concept-encoding-confidence">confidence</a>
1431: <i>tentative</i>, and abort these steps.</p></li>
1432:
1433: <li><p>The user agent may attempt to autodetect the character
1434: encoding from applying frequency analysis or other algorithms to
1435: the data stream. If autodetection succeeds in determining a
1436: character encoding, then return that encoding, with the <a href="#concept-encoding-confidence" title="concept-encoding-confidence">confidence</a>
1437: <i>tentative</i>, and abort these steps. <a href="references.html#references">[UNIVCHARDET]</a></p></li> <!--
1438: http://www.mozilla.org/projects/intl/UniversalCharsetDetection.html
1439: -->
1440:
1441: <li><p>Otherwise, return an implementation-defined or
1442: user-specified default character encoding, with the <a href="#concept-encoding-confidence" title="concept-encoding-confidence">confidence</a>
1443: <i>tentative</i>. In non-legacy environments, the more
1444: comprehensive <code title="">UTF-8</code> encoding is
1445: recommended. Due to its use in legacy content, <code title="">windows-1252</code> is recommended as a default in
1446: predominantly Western demographics instead. Since these encodings
1447: can in many cases be distinguished by inspection, a user agent may
1448: heuristically decide which to use as a default.</p></li>
1449:
1450: </ol><p>The <a href="dom.html#document-s-character-encoding">document's character encoding</a> must immediately
1451: be set to the value returned from this algorithm, at the same time
1452: as the user agent uses the returned value to select the decoder to
1453: use for the input stream.</p>
1454:
1455:
1456:
1457: <h5 id="preprocessing-the-input-stream"><span class="secno">9.2.2.2 </span>Preprocessing the input stream</h5>
1458:
1459: <p>Given an encoding, the bytes in the input stream must be
1460: converted to Unicode characters for the tokenizer, as described by
1461: the rules for that encoding, except that the leading U+FEFF BYTE
1462: ORDER MARK character, if any, must not be stripped by the encoding
1463: layer (it is stripped by the rule below).</p> <!-- this is to
1464: prevent two leading BOMs from being both stripped, once by the
1465: decoder, and once by the parser -->
1466:
1467: <p>Bytes or sequences of bytes in the original byte stream that
1468: could not be converted to Unicode characters must be converted to
1469: U+FFFD REPLACEMENT CHARACTER code points.</p>
1470:
1471: <p class="note">Bytes or sequences of bytes in the original byte
1472: stream that did not conform to the encoding specification
1473: (e.g. invalid UTF-8 byte sequences in a UTF-8 input stream) are
1474: errors that conformance checkers are expected to report.</p>
1475:
1476: <p>Any byte or sequences of bytes in the original byte stream that
1477: is <a href="infrastructure.html#misinterpreted-for-compatibility">misinterpreted for compatibility</a> is a <a href="#parse-error">parse
1478: error</a>.</p>
1479:
1480: <p>One leading U+FEFF BYTE ORDER MARK character must be ignored if
1481: any are present.</p>
1482:
1483: <p>All U+0000 NULL characters in the input must be replaced by
1484: U+FFFD REPLACEMENT CHARACTERs. Any occurrences of such characters is
1485: a <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a>.</p>
1486:
1487: <p>Any occurrences of any characters in the ranges U+0001 to U+0008,
1488: <!-- HT, LF allowed --> <!-- U+000B is in the next list --> <!-- FF,
1489: CR allowed --> U+000E to U+001F, <!-- ASCII allowed --> U+007F
1490: <!--to U+0084, (U+0085 NEL not allowed), U+0086--> to U+009F, U+D800
1491: to U+DFFF<!-- surrogates not allowed -->, U+FDD0 to U+FDEF, and
1492: characters U+000B, U+FFFE, U+FFFF, U+1FFFE, U+1FFFF, U+2FFFE,
1493: U+2FFFF, U+3FFFE, U+3FFFF, U+4FFFE, U+4FFFF, U+5FFFE, U+5FFFF,
1494: U+6FFFE, U+6FFFF, U+7FFFE, U+7FFFF, U+8FFFE, U+8FFFF, U+9FFFE,
1495: U+9FFFF, U+AFFFE, U+AFFFF, U+BFFFE, U+BFFFF, U+CFFFE, U+CFFFF,
1496: U+DFFFE, U+DFFFF, U+EFFFE, U+EFFFF, U+FFFFE, U+FFFFF, U+10FFFE, and
1497: U+10FFFF are <a href="#parse-error" title="parse error">parse errors</a>. (These
1498: are all control characters or permanently undefined Unicode
1499: characters.)</p>
1500:
1501: <p>U+000D CARRIAGE RETURN (CR) characters and U+000A LINE FEED (LF)
1502: characters are treated specially. Any CR characters that are
1503: followed by LF characters must be removed, and any CR characters not
1504: followed by LF characters must be converted to LF characters. Thus,
1505: newlines in HTML DOMs are represented by LF characters, and there
1506: are never any CR characters in the input to the
1507: <a href="#tokenization">tokenization</a> stage.</p>
1508:
1509: <p>The <dfn id="next-input-character">next input character</dfn> is the first character in the
1510: input stream that has not yet been <dfn id="consumed">consumed</dfn>. Initially,
1511: the <i><a href="#next-input-character">next input character</a></i> is the first character in the
1512: input. The <dfn id="current-input-character">current input character</dfn> is the last character
1513: to have been <i><a href="#consumed">consumed</a></i>.</p>
1514:
1515: <p>The <dfn id="insertion-point">insertion point</dfn> is the position (just before a
1516: character or just before the end of the input stream) where content
1517: inserted using <code title="dom-document-write"><a href="dom.html#dom-document-write">document.write()</a></code> is actually
1518: inserted. The insertion point is relative to the position of the
1519: character immediately after it, it is not an absolute offset into
1520: the input stream. Initially, the insertion point is
1.10 mike 1521: undefined.</p>
1.1 mike 1522:
1523: <p>The "EOF" character in the tables below is a conceptual character
1524: representing the end of the <a href="#the-input-stream">input stream</a>. If the parser
1525: is a <a href="dom.html#script-created-parser">script-created parser</a>, then the end of the
1526: <a href="#the-input-stream">input stream</a> is reached when an <dfn id="explicit-eof-character">explicit "EOF"
1527: character</dfn> (inserted by the <code title="dom-document-close"><a href="dom.html#dom-document-close">document.close()</a></code> method) is
1528: consumed. Otherwise, the "EOF" character is not a real character in
1529: the stream, but rather the lack of any further characters.</p>
1530:
1531:
1532: <h5 id="changing-the-encoding-while-parsing"><span class="secno">9.2.2.3 </span>Changing the encoding while parsing</h5>
1533:
1534: <p>When the parser requires the user agent to <dfn id="change-the-encoding">change the
1535: encoding</dfn>, it must run the following steps. This might happen
1536: if the <a href="#encoding-sniffing-algorithm">encoding sniffing algorithm</a> described above
1537: failed to find an encoding, or if it found an encoding that was not
1538: the actual encoding of the file.</p>
1539:
1540: <ol><li>If the new encoding is identical or equivalent to the encoding
1541: that is already being used to interpret the input stream, then set
1542: the <a href="#concept-encoding-confidence" title="concept-encoding-confidence">confidence</a> to
1543: <i>certain</i> and abort these steps. This happens when the
1544: encoding information found in the file matches what the
1545: <a href="#encoding-sniffing-algorithm">encoding sniffing algorithm</a> determined to be the
1546: encoding, and in the second pass through the parser if the first
1547: pass found that the encoding sniffing algorithm described in the
1548: earlier section failed to find the right encoding.</li>
1549:
1550: <li>If the encoding that is already being used to interpret the
1551: input stream is a UTF-16 encoding, then set the <a href="#concept-encoding-confidence" title="concept-encoding-confidence">confidence</a> to
1552: <i>certain</i> and abort these steps. The new encoding is ignored;
1553: if it was anything but the same encoding, then it would be clearly
1554: incorrect.</li>
1555:
1556: <li>If the new encoding is a UTF-16 encoding, change it to
1557: UTF-8.</li>
1558:
1559: <li>If all the bytes up to the last byte converted by the current
1560: decoder have the same Unicode interpretations in both the current
1561: encoding and the new encoding, and if the user agent supports
1562: changing the converter on the fly, then the user agent may change
1563: to the new converter for the encoding on the fly. Set the
1564: <a href="dom.html#document-s-character-encoding">document's character encoding</a> and the encoding used to
1565: convert the input stream to the new encoding, set the <a href="#concept-encoding-confidence" title="concept-encoding-confidence">confidence</a> to
1566: <i>certain</i>, and abort these steps.</li>
1567:
1568: <li>Otherwise, <a href="history.html#navigate">navigate</a> to the document again, with
1569: <a href="history.html#replacement-enabled">replacement enabled</a>, and using the same <a href="history.html#source-browsing-context">source
1570: browsing context</a>, but this time skip the <a href="#encoding-sniffing-algorithm">encoding
1571: sniffing algorithm</a> and instead just set the encoding to the
1572: new encoding and the <a href="#concept-encoding-confidence" title="concept-encoding-confidence">confidence</a> to
1573: <i>certain</i>. Whenever possible, this should be done without
1574: actually contacting the network layer (the bytes should be
1575: re-parsed from memory), even if, e.g., the document is marked as
1576: not being cacheable. If this is not possible and contacting the
1577: network layer would involve repeating a request that uses a method
1578: other than HTTP GET (<a href="infrastructure.html#concept-http-equivalent-get" title="concept-http-equivalent-get">or
1579: equivalent</a> for non-HTTP URLs), then instead set the <a href="#concept-encoding-confidence" title="concept-encoding-confidence">confidence</a> to
1580: <i>certain</i> and ignore the new encoding. The resource will be
1581: misinterpreted. User agents may notify the user of the situation,
1582: to aid in application development.</li>
1583:
1584: </ol><h4 id="parse-state"><span class="secno">9.2.3 </span>Parse state</h4>
1585:
1586: <h5 id="the-insertion-mode"><span class="secno">9.2.3.1 </span>The insertion mode</h5>
1587:
1588: <p>The <dfn id="insertion-mode">insertion mode</dfn> is a state variable that controls
1589: the primary operation of the tree construction stage.</p>
1590:
1591: <p>Initially, the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> is "<a href="#the-initial-insertion-mode" title="insertion mode: initial">initial</a>". It can change to
1592: "<a href="#the-before-html-insertion-mode" title="insertion mode: before html">before html</a>",
1593: "<a href="#the-before-head-insertion-mode" title="insertion mode: before head">before head</a>",
1594: "<a href="#parsing-main-inhead" title="insertion mode: in head">in head</a>", "<a href="#parsing-main-inheadnoscript" title="insertion mode: in head noscript">in head noscript</a>",
1.91 mike 1595: "<a href="#the-after-head-insertion-mode" title="insertion mode: after head">after head</a>", "<a href="#parsing-main-inbody" title="insertion mode: in body">in body</a>", "<a href="#parsing-main-incdata" title="insertion mode: in RAWTEXT/RCDATA">in RAWTEXT/RCDATA</a>",
1.1 mike 1596: "<a href="#parsing-main-intable" title="insertion mode: in table">in table</a>", "<a href="#parsing-main-intabletext" title="insertion mode: in table text">in table text</a>", "<a href="#parsing-main-incaption" title="insertion mode: in caption">in caption</a>", "<a href="#parsing-main-incolgroup" title="insertion mode: in column group">in column group</a>",
1597: "<a href="#parsing-main-intbody" title="insertion mode: in table body">in table body</a>",
1598: "<a href="#parsing-main-intr" title="insertion mode: in row">in row</a>", "<a href="#parsing-main-intd" title="insertion mode: in cell">in cell</a>", "<a href="#parsing-main-inselect" title="insertion mode: in select">in select</a>", "<a href="#parsing-main-inselectintable" title="insertion mode: in select in table">in select in
1599: table</a>", "<a href="#parsing-main-inforeign" title="insertion mode: in foreign content">in
1600: foreign content</a>", "<a href="#parsing-main-afterbody" title="insertion mode: after
1601: body">after body</a>", "<a href="#parsing-main-inframeset" title="insertion mode: in
1602: frameset">in frameset</a>", "<a href="#parsing-main-afterframeset" title="insertion mode: after
1603: frameset">after frameset</a>", "<a href="#the-after-after-body-insertion-mode" title="insertion mode:
1604: after after body">after after body</a>", and "<a href="#the-after-after-frameset-insertion-mode" title="insertion mode: after after frameset">after after
1605: frameset</a>" during the course of the parsing, as described in
1606: the <a href="#tree-construction">tree construction</a> stage. The insertion mode affects
1607: how tokens are processed and whether CDATA sections are
1608: supported.</p>
1609:
1610: <p>Seven of these modes, namely "<a href="#parsing-main-inhead" title="insertion mode: in
1611: head">in head</a>", "<a href="#parsing-main-inbody" title="insertion mode: in body">in
1612: body</a>", "<a href="#parsing-main-intable" title="insertion mode: in table">in
1613: table</a>", "<a href="#parsing-main-intbody" title="insertion mode: in table body">in table
1614: body</a>", "<a href="#parsing-main-intr" title="insertion mode: in row">in row</a>",
1615: "<a href="#parsing-main-intd" title="insertion mode: in cell">in cell</a>", and "<a href="#parsing-main-inselect" title="insertion mode: in select">in select</a>", are special, in
1616: that the other modes defer to them at various times. When the
1617: algorithm below says that the user agent is to do something
1618: "<dfn id="using-the-rules-for">using the rules for</dfn> the <var title="">m</var> insertion
1619: mode", where <var title="">m</var> is one of these modes, the user
1620: agent must use the rules described under the <var title="">m</var>
1621: <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a>'s section, but must leave the
1622: <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> unchanged unless the rules in <var title="">m</var> themselves switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a>
1623: to a new value.</p>
1624:
1625: <p>When the insertion mode is switched to "<a href="#parsing-main-incdata" title="insertion
1.91 mike 1626: mode: in RAWTEXT/RCDATA">in RAWTEXT/RCDATA</a>" or "<a href="#parsing-main-intabletext" title="insertion mode: in table text">in table text</a>", the
1.1 mike 1627: <dfn id="original-insertion-mode">original insertion mode</dfn> is also set. This is the
1628: insertion mode to which the tree construction stage will return.</p>
1629:
1630: <p>When the insertion mode is switched to "<a href="#parsing-main-inforeign" title="insertion
1631: mode: in foreign content">in foreign content</a>", the
1632: <dfn id="secondary-insertion-mode">secondary insertion mode</dfn> is also set. This secondary mode
1633: is used within the rules for the "<a href="#parsing-main-inforeign" title="insertion mode: in
1634: foreign content">in foreign content</a>" mode to handle HTML
1635: (i.e. not foreign) content.</p>
1636:
1637: <hr><p>When the steps below require the UA to <dfn id="reset-the-insertion-mode-appropriately">reset the insertion
1638: mode appropriately</dfn>, it means the UA must follow these
1639: steps:</p>
1640:
1641: <ol><li>Let <var title="">last</var> be false.</li>
1642:
1643: <li>Let <var title="">node</var> be the last node in the
1644: <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a>.</li>
1645:
1646: <li>If <var title="">node</var> is the first node in the stack of
1647: open elements, then set <var title="">last</var> to true and set
1648: <var title="">node</var> to the <var title="">context</var>
1649: element. (<a href="#fragment-case">fragment case</a>)</li>
1650:
1651: <li>If <var title="">node</var> is a <code><a href="forms.html#the-select-element">select</a></code> element,
1652: then switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to "<a href="#parsing-main-inselect" title="insertion mode: in select">in select</a>" and abort these
1653: steps. (<a href="#fragment-case">fragment case</a>)</li>
1654:
1655: <li>If <var title="">node</var> is a <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-td-element">td</a></code> or
1656: <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-th-element">th</a></code> element and <var title="">last</var> is false, then
1657: switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to "<a href="#parsing-main-intd" title="insertion
1658: mode: in cell">in cell</a>" and abort these steps.</li>
1659:
1660: <li>If <var title="">node</var> is a <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tr-element">tr</a></code> element, then
1661: switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to "<a href="#parsing-main-intr" title="insertion
1662: mode: in row">in row</a>" and abort these steps.</li>
1663:
1664: <li>If <var title="">node</var> is a <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tbody-element">tbody</a></code>,
1665: <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-thead-element">thead</a></code>, or <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tfoot-element">tfoot</a></code> element, then switch the
1666: <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to "<a href="#parsing-main-intbody" title="insertion mode: in
1667: table body">in table body</a>" and abort these steps.</li>
1668:
1669: <li>If <var title="">node</var> is a <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-caption-element">caption</a></code> element,
1670: then switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to "<a href="#parsing-main-incaption" title="insertion mode: in caption">in caption</a>" and abort
1671: these steps.</li>
1672:
1673: <li>If <var title="">node</var> is a <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-colgroup-element">colgroup</a></code> element,
1674: then switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to "<a href="#parsing-main-incolgroup" title="insertion mode: in column group">in column group</a>" and
1675: abort these steps. (<a href="#fragment-case">fragment case</a>)</li>
1676:
1677: <li>If <var title="">node</var> is a <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-table-element">table</a></code> element,
1678: then switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to "<a href="#parsing-main-intable" title="insertion mode: in table">in table</a>" and abort these
1679: steps.</li>
1680:
1681: <li>If <var title="">node</var> is an element from the <a href="#mathml-namespace">MathML
1682: namespace</a> or the <a href="#svg-namespace">SVG namespace</a>, then switch the
1683: <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to "<a href="#parsing-main-inforeign" title="insertion mode: in
1684: foreign content">in foreign content</a>", let the
1685: <a href="#secondary-insertion-mode">secondary insertion mode</a> be "<a href="#parsing-main-inbody" title="insertion
1686: mode: in body">in body</a>", and abort these steps.</li>
1687:
1688: <li>If <var title="">node</var> is a <code><a href="semantics.html#the-head-element">head</a></code> element,
1689: then switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to "<a href="#parsing-main-inbody" title="insertion mode: in body">in body</a>" ("<a href="#parsing-main-inbody" title="insertion mode: in body">in body</a>"! <em> not "<a href="#parsing-main-inhead" title="insertion mode: in head">in head</a>"</em>!) and abort
1690: these steps. (<a href="#fragment-case">fragment case</a>)</li> <!-- This is only
1691: here for now in case people think that the spec accidentally
1692: omitted it and try to "fix" it. Note that noscript-in-head is also
1693: handled this way. This is all intentional. The only thing it
1694: doesn't handle is the scripting-disabled fragment parsing case for
1695: a <head> element containing a <noscript> which itself contains
1696: something other than a <link> or a <style> element; you'd expect
1697: that to break out of the <noscript> but it doesn't. This is an edge
1698: case that doesn't affect the spec, since the algorithm for fragment
1699: parsing is only used for innerHTML/outerHTML/insertAdjacentHTML(),
1700: where we know scripting is enabled. (XXX except maybe if innerHTML
1701: is set from another browsing context on a document with designMode
1702: set?) -->
1703:
1704: <li>If <var title="">node</var> is a <code><a href="semantics.html#the-body-element">body</a></code> element,
1705: then switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to "<a href="#parsing-main-inbody" title="insertion mode: in body">in body</a>" and abort these
1706: steps.</li>
1707:
1.5 mike 1708: <li>If <var title="">node</var> is a <code><a href="obsolete.html#frameset">frameset</a></code> element,
1.1 mike 1709: then switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to "<a href="#parsing-main-inframeset" title="insertion mode: in frameset">in frameset</a>" and abort
1710: these steps. (<a href="#fragment-case">fragment case</a>)</li>
1711:
1712: <li>If <var title="">node</var> is an <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element">html</a></code> element,
1713: then: if the <a href="#head-element-pointer"><code title="">head</code> element
1714: pointer</a> is null, switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to
1715: "<a href="#the-before-head-insertion-mode" title="insertion mode: before head">before head</a>",
1716: otherwise, switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to "<a href="#the-after-head-insertion-mode" title="insertion mode: after head">after head</a>". In either
1717: case, abort these steps. (<a href="#fragment-case">fragment case</a>)</li> <!-- XXX
1718: can the head element pointer ever be non-null when we're going
1719: through these steps? -->
1720:
1721: <li>If <var title="">last</var> is true, then switch the
1722: <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to "<a href="#parsing-main-inbody" title="insertion mode: in
1723: body">in body</a>" and abort these steps. (<a href="#fragment-case">fragment
1724: case</a>)</li>
1725:
1726: <li>Let <var title="">node</var> now be the node before <var title="">node</var> in the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open
1727: elements</a>.</li>
1728:
1729: <li>Return to step 3.</li>
1730:
1731: </ol><h5 id="the-stack-of-open-elements"><span class="secno">9.2.3.2 </span>The stack of open elements</h5>
1732:
1733: <p>Initially, the <dfn id="stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</dfn> is empty. The
1734: stack grows downwards; the topmost node on the stack is the first
1735: one added to the stack, and the bottommost node of the stack is the
1736: most recently added node in the stack (notwithstanding when the
1737: stack is manipulated in a random access fashion as part of <a href="#adoptionAgency">the handling for misnested tags</a>).</p>
1738:
1739: <p>The "<a href="#the-before-html-insertion-mode" title="insertion mode: before html">before
1740: html</a>" <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> creates the
1741: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element">html</a></code> root element node, which is then added to the
1742: stack.</p>
1743:
1744: <p>In the <a href="#fragment-case">fragment case</a>, the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open
1745: elements</a> is initialized to contain an <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element">html</a></code>
1746: element that is created as part of <a href="#html-fragment-parsing-algorithm" title="html fragment
1747: parsing algorithm">that algorithm</a>. (The <a href="#fragment-case">fragment
1748: case</a> skips the "<a href="#the-before-html-insertion-mode" title="insertion mode: before
1749: html">before html</a>" <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a>.)</p>
1750:
1751: <p>The <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element">html</a></code> node, however it is created, is the topmost
1752: node of the stack. It never gets popped off the stack.</p>
1753:
1754: <p>The <dfn id="current-node">current node</dfn> is the bottommost node in this
1755: stack.</p>
1756:
1757: <p>The <dfn id="current-table">current table</dfn> is the last <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-table-element">table</a></code>
1758: element in the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a>, if there is
1759: one. If there is no <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-table-element">table</a></code> element in the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of
1760: open elements</a> (<a href="#fragment-case">fragment case</a>), then the
1761: <a href="#current-table">current table</a> is the first element in the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack
1762: of open elements</a> (the <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element">html</a></code> element).</p>
1763:
1764: <p>Elements in the stack fall into the following categories:</p>
1765:
1766: <dl><dt><dfn id="special">Special</dfn></dt>
1767:
1768: <dd><p>The following HTML elements have varying levels of special
1769: parsing rules: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-address-element">address</a></code>, <code><a href="the-canvas-element.html#the-area-element">area</a></code>,
1770: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-article-element">article</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-aside-element">aside</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-base-element">base</a></code>,
1.5 mike 1771: <code><a href="obsolete.html#basefont">basefont</a></code>, <code>bgsound</code>,
1.1 mike 1772: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-blockquote-element">blockquote</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-body-element">body</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-br-element">br</a></code>,
1.5 mike 1773: <code><a href="obsolete.html#center">center</a></code>, <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-col-element">col</a></code>, <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-colgroup-element">colgroup</a></code>,
1.86 mike 1774: <code><a href="interactive-elements.html#the-command">command</a></code>, <!--v2DDATAGRID--><code>datagrid</code>,
1775: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-dd-element">dd</a></code>, <code><a href="interactive-elements.html#the-details-element">details</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-dialog-element">dialog</a></code>,
1776: <code><a href="obsolete.html#dir">dir</a></code>, <code><a href="interactive-elements.html#the-div-element">div</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-dl-element">dl</a></code>,
1777: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-dt-element">dt</a></code>, <code><a href="embedded-content-0.html#the-embed-element">embed</a></code>, <code><a href="forms.html#the-fieldset-element">fieldset</a></code>,
1778: <code><a href="embedded-content-0.html#the-figure-element">figure</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-footer-element">footer</a></code>, <code><a href="forms.html#the-form-element">form</a></code>,
1779: <code><a href="obsolete.html#frame">frame</a></code>, <code><a href="obsolete.html#frameset">frameset</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-h1-h2-h3-h4-h5-and-h6-elements">h1</a></code>,
1780: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-h1-h2-h3-h4-h5-and-h6-elements">h2</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-h1-h2-h3-h4-h5-and-h6-elements">h3</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-h1-h2-h3-h4-h5-and-h6-elements">h4</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-h1-h2-h3-h4-h5-and-h6-elements">h5</a></code>,
1781: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-h1-h2-h3-h4-h5-and-h6-elements">h6</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-head-element">head</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-header-element">header</a></code>,
1782: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-hgroup-element">hgroup</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-hr-element">hr</a></code>, <code><a href="embedded-content-0.html#the-iframe-element">iframe</a></code>, <!--
1783: <code>image</code>, (commented out because this isn't an element
1784: that can end up on the stack, so it doesn't matter) -->
1785: <code><a href="embedded-content-0.html#the-img-element">img</a></code>, <code><a href="forms.html#the-input-element">input</a></code>, <code><a href="obsolete.html#isindex-0">isindex</a></code>,
1786: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-li-element">li</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-link-element">link</a></code>, <code><a href="obsolete.html#listing">listing</a></code>,
1787: <code><a href="interactive-elements.html#menus">menu</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#meta">meta</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-nav-element">nav</a></code>,
1788: <code><a href="obsolete.html#noembed">noembed</a></code>, <code><a href="obsolete.html#noframes">noframes</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-noscript-element">noscript</a></code>,
1789: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-ol-element">ol</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-p-element">p</a></code>, <code><a href="embedded-content-0.html#the-param-element">param</a></code>,
1790: <code><a href="obsolete.html#plaintext">plaintext</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-pre-element">pre</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#script">script</a></code>,
1791: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-section-element">section</a></code>, <code><a href="forms.html#the-select-element">select</a></code>, <code><a href="obsolete.html#spacer">spacer</a></code>,
1792: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-style-element">style</a></code>, <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tbody-element">tbody</a></code>, <code><a href="forms.html#the-textarea-element">textarea</a></code>,
1793: <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tfoot-element">tfoot</a></code>, <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-thead-element">thead</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-title-element">title</a></code>,
1794: <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tr-element">tr</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-ul-element">ul</a></code>, and <code>wbr</code>.</p></dd>
1.1 mike 1795:
1796: <dt><dfn id="scoping">Scoping</dfn></dt>
1797: <dd><p>The following HTML elements introduce new <a href="#has-an-element-in-scope" title="has
1798: an element in scope">scopes</a> for various parts of the
1.5 mike 1799: parsing: <code><a href="obsolete.html#the-applet-element">applet</a></code>, <code><a href="forms.html#the-button-element">button</a></code>,
1800: <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-caption-element">caption</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element">html</a></code>, <code><a href="obsolete.html#the-marquee-element-0">marquee</a></code>,
1.1 mike 1801: <code><a href="embedded-content-0.html#the-object-element">object</a></code>, <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-table-element">table</a></code>, <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-td-element">td</a></code>,
1802: <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-th-element">th</a></code>, and SVG's <code>foreignObject</code>.</p></dd>
1803:
1804: <dt><dfn id="formatting">Formatting</dfn></dt>
1805: <dd><p>The following HTML elements are those that end up in the
1806: <a href="#list-of-active-formatting-elements">list of active formatting elements</a>: <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-a-element">a</a></code>,
1.5 mike 1807: <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-b-element">b</a></code>, <code><a href="obsolete.html#big">big</a></code>, <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-code-element">code</a></code>,
1808: <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-em-element">em</a></code>, <code><a href="obsolete.html#font">font</a></code>, <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-i-element">i</a></code>,
1809: <code>nobr</code>, <code><a href="obsolete.html#s">s</a></code>, <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-small-element">small</a></code>,
1810: <code><a href="obsolete.html#strike">strike</a></code>, <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-strong-element">strong</a></code>, <code><a href="obsolete.html#tt">tt</a></code>, and
1811: <code><a href="obsolete.html#u">u</a></code>.</p></dd>
1.1 mike 1812:
1813: <dt><dfn id="phrasing">Phrasing</dfn></dt>
1814: <dd><p>All other elements found while parsing an HTML
1815: document.</p></dd>
1816:
1817: </dl><p>The <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> is said to <dfn id="has-an-element-in-scope" title="has an element in scope">have an element in scope</dfn> when
1818: the following algorithm terminates in a match state:</p>
1819:
1820: <ol><li><p>Initialize <var title="">node</var> to be the <a href="#current-node">current
1821: node</a> (the bottommost node of the stack).</p></li>
1822:
1823: <li><p>If <var title="">node</var> is the target node, terminate in
1824: a match state.</p></li>
1825:
1826: <li><p>Otherwise, if <var title="">node</var> is one of the
1827: following elements, terminate in a failure state:</p>
1.5 mike 1828: <ul class="brief"><li><code><a href="obsolete.html#the-applet-element">applet</a></code> in the HTML namespace</li>
1.1 mike 1829: <li><code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-caption-element">caption</a></code> in the HTML namespace</li>
1830: <li><code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element">html</a></code> in the HTML namespace</li> <!-- (This can only happen if the <var title="">node</var> is the topmost node of the <span>stack of open elements</span>, and prevents the next step from being invoked if there are no more elements in the stack.) -->
1831: <li><code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-table-element">table</a></code> in the HTML namespace</li>
1832: <li><code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-td-element">td</a></code> in the HTML namespace</li>
1833: <li><code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-th-element">th</a></code> in the HTML namespace</li>
1834: <li><code><a href="forms.html#the-button-element">button</a></code> in the HTML namespace</li>
1.5 mike 1835: <li><code><a href="obsolete.html#the-marquee-element-0">marquee</a></code> in the HTML namespace</li>
1.1 mike 1836: <li><code><a href="embedded-content-0.html#the-object-element">object</a></code> in the HTML namespace</li>
1837: <li><code title="">foreignObject</code> in the SVG namespace</li>
1838: </ul></li>
1839:
1840: <li><p>Otherwise, set <var title="">node</var> to the previous
1841: entry in the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> and return to step
1842: 2. (This will never fail, since the loop will always terminate in
1843: the previous step if the top of the stack — an
1844: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element">html</a></code> element — is reached.)</p></li>
1845:
1846: </ol><p>The <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> is said to <dfn id="has-an-element-in-table-scope" title="has an element in table scope">have an element in <em>table
1847: scope</em></dfn> when the following algorithm terminates in a match
1848: state:</p>
1849:
1850: <ol><li><p>Initialize <var title="">node</var> to be the <a href="#current-node">current
1851: node</a> (the bottommost node of the stack).</p></li>
1852:
1853: <li><p>If <var title="">node</var> is the target node, terminate in
1854: a match state.</p></li>
1855:
1856: <li><p>Otherwise, if <var title="">node</var> is one of the
1857: following elements, terminate in a failure state:</p>
1858: <ul class="brief"><li><code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element">html</a></code> in the HTML namespace</li> <!-- (This can only happen if the <var title="">node</var> is the topmost node of the <span>stack of open elements</span>, and prevents the next step from being invoked if there are no more elements in the stack.) -->
1859: <li><code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-table-element">table</a></code> in the HTML namespace</li>
1860: </ul></li>
1861:
1862: <li><p>Otherwise, set <var title="">node</var> to the previous
1863: entry in the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> and return to step
1864: 2. (This will never fail, since the loop will always terminate in
1865: the previous step if the top of the stack — an
1866: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element">html</a></code> element — is reached.)</p></li>
1867:
1868: </ol><p>Nothing happens if at any time any of the elements in the
1869: <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> are moved to a new location in,
1870: or removed from, the <code>Document</code> tree. In particular, the
1871: stack is not changed in this situation. This can cause, amongst
1872: other strange effects, content to be appended to nodes that are no
1873: longer in the DOM.</p>
1874:
1875: <p class="note">In some cases (namely, when <a href="#adoptionAgency">closing misnested formatting elements</a>),
1876: the stack is manipulated in a random-access fashion.</p>
1877:
1878:
1879: <h5 id="the-list-of-active-formatting-elements"><span class="secno">9.2.3.3 </span>The list of active formatting elements</h5>
1880:
1881: <p>Initially, the <dfn id="list-of-active-formatting-elements">list of active formatting elements</dfn> is
1882: empty. It is used to handle mis-nested <a href="#formatting" title="formatting">formatting element tags</a>.</p>
1883:
1884: <p>The list contains elements in the <a href="#formatting">formatting</a>
1885: category, and scope markers. The scope markers are inserted when
1.5 mike 1886: entering <code><a href="obsolete.html#the-applet-element">applet</a></code> elements, buttons, <code><a href="embedded-content-0.html#the-object-element">object</a></code>
1.1 mike 1887: elements, marquees, table cells, and table captions, and are used to
1.5 mike 1888: prevent formatting from "leaking" <em>into</em> <code><a href="obsolete.html#the-applet-element">applet</a></code>
1.1 mike 1889: elements, buttons, <code><a href="embedded-content-0.html#the-object-element">object</a></code> elements, marquees, and
1890: tables.</p>
1891:
1892: <p class="note">The scope markers are unrelated to the concept of an
1893: element being <a href="#has-an-element-in-scope" title="has an element in scope">in
1894: scope</a>.</p>
1895:
1896: <p>In addition, each element in the <a href="#list-of-active-formatting-elements">list of active formatting
1897: elements</a> is associated with the token for which it was
1898: created, so that further elements can be created for that token if
1899: necessary.</p>
1900:
1901: <p>When the steps below require the UA to <dfn id="reconstruct-the-active-formatting-elements">reconstruct the
1902: active formatting elements</dfn>, the UA must perform the following
1903: steps:</p>
1904:
1905: <ol><li>If there are no entries in the <a href="#list-of-active-formatting-elements">list of active formatting
1906: elements</a>, then there is nothing to reconstruct; stop this
1907: algorithm.</li>
1908:
1909: <li>If the last (most recently added) entry in the <a href="#list-of-active-formatting-elements">list of
1910: active formatting elements</a> is a marker, or if it is an
1911: element that is in the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a>, then
1912: there is nothing to reconstruct; stop this algorithm.</li>
1913:
1914: <li>Let <var title="">entry</var> be the last (most recently added)
1915: element in the <a href="#list-of-active-formatting-elements">list of active formatting
1916: elements</a>.</li>
1917:
1918: <li>If there are no entries before <var title="">entry</var> in the
1919: <a href="#list-of-active-formatting-elements">list of active formatting elements</a>, then jump to step
1920: 8.</li>
1921:
1922: <li>Let <var title="">entry</var> be the entry one earlier than
1923: <var title="">entry</var> in the <a href="#list-of-active-formatting-elements">list of active formatting
1924: elements</a>.</li>
1925:
1926: <li>If <var title="">entry</var> is neither a marker nor an element
1927: that is also in the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a>, go to step
1928: 4.</li>
1929:
1930: <li>Let <var title="">entry</var> be the element one later than
1931: <var title="">entry</var> in the <a href="#list-of-active-formatting-elements">list of active formatting
1932: elements</a>.</li>
1933:
1934: <li><a href="#create-an-element-for-the-token">Create an element for the token</a> for which the
1935: element <var title="">entry</var> was created, to obtain <var title="">new element</var>.</li>
1936:
1937: <li>Append <var title="">new element</var> to the <a href="#current-node">current
1938: node</a> and push it onto the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open
1939: elements</a> so that it is the new <a href="#current-node">current
1940: node</a>.</li>
1941:
1942: <li>Replace the entry for <var title="">entry</var> in the list
1943: with an entry for <var title="">new element</var>.</li>
1944:
1945: <li>If the entry for <var title="">new element</var> in the
1946: <a href="#list-of-active-formatting-elements">list of active formatting elements</a> is not the last
1947: entry in the list, return to step 7.</li>
1948:
1949: </ol><p>This has the effect of reopening all the formatting elements that
1950: were opened in the current body, cell, or caption (whichever is
1951: youngest) that haven't been explicitly closed.</p>
1952:
1953: <p class="note">The way this specification is written, the
1954: <a href="#list-of-active-formatting-elements">list of active formatting elements</a> always consists of
1955: elements in chronological order with the least recently added
1956: element first and the most recently added element last (except for
1957: while steps 8 to 11 of the above algorithm are being executed, of
1958: course).</p>
1959:
1960: <p>When the steps below require the UA to <dfn id="clear-the-list-of-active-formatting-elements-up-to-the-last-marker">clear the list of
1961: active formatting elements up to the last marker</dfn>, the UA must
1962: perform the following steps:</p>
1963:
1964: <ol><li>Let <var title="">entry</var> be the last (most recently added)
1965: entry in the <a href="#list-of-active-formatting-elements">list of active formatting elements</a>.</li>
1966:
1967: <li>Remove <var title="">entry</var> from the <a href="#list-of-active-formatting-elements">list of active
1968: formatting elements</a>.</li>
1969:
1970: <li>If <var title="">entry</var> was a marker, then stop the
1971: algorithm at this point. The list has been cleared up to the last
1972: marker.</li>
1973:
1974: <li>Go to step 1.</li>
1975:
1976: </ol><h5 id="the-element-pointers"><span class="secno">9.2.3.4 </span>The element pointers</h5>
1977:
1978: <p>Initially, the <dfn id="head-element-pointer"><code title="">head</code> element
1979: pointer</dfn> and the <dfn id="form-element-pointer"><code title="">form</code> element
1980: pointer</dfn> are both null.</p>
1981:
1982: <p>Once a <code><a href="semantics.html#the-head-element">head</a></code> element has been parsed (whether
1983: implicitly or explicitly) the <a href="#head-element-pointer"><code title="">head</code>
1984: element pointer</a> gets set to point to this node.</p>
1985:
1986: <p>The <a href="#form-element-pointer"><code title="">form</code> element pointer</a>
1987: points to the last <code><a href="forms.html#the-form-element">form</a></code> element that was opened and
1988: whose end tag has not yet been seen. It is used to make form
1989: controls associate with forms in the face of dramatically bad
1990: markup, for historical reasons.</p>
1991:
1992:
1993: <h5 id="other-parsing-state-flags"><span class="secno">9.2.3.5 </span>Other parsing state flags</h5>
1994:
1995: <p>The <dfn id="scripting-flag">scripting flag</dfn> is set to "enabled" if <a href="browsers.html#concept-n-script" title="concept-n-script">scripting was enabled</a> for the
1996: <code>Document</code> with which the parser is associated when the
1997: parser was created, and "disabled" otherwise.</p>
1998:
1999: <p class="note">The <a href="#scripting-flag">scripting flag</a> can be enabled even
2000: when the parser was originally created for the <a href="#html-fragment-parsing-algorithm">HTML fragment
2001: parsing algorithm</a>, even though <code><a href="semantics.html#script">script</a></code> elements
2002: don't execute in that case.</p>
2003:
2004: <p>The <dfn id="frameset-ok-flag">frameset-ok flag</dfn> is set to "ok" when the parser is
2005: created. It is set to "not ok" after certain tokens are seen.</p>
2006:
2007:
2008: <h4 id="tokenization"><span class="secno">9.2.4 </span><dfn>Tokenization</dfn></h4>
2009:
2010: <p>Implementations must act as if they used the following state
2011: machine to tokenize HTML. The state machine must start in the
2012: <a href="#data-state">data state</a>. Most states consume a single character,
2013: which may have various side-effects, and either switches the state
2014: machine to a new state to <em>reconsume</em> the same character, or
2015: switches it to a new state (to consume the next character), or
2016: repeats the same state (to consume the next character). Some states
2017: have more complicated behavior and can consume several characters
2018: before switching to another state.</p>
2019:
2020: <p>The exact behavior of certain states depends on a <dfn id="content-model-flag">content
2021: model flag</dfn> that is set after certain tokens are emitted. The
1.91 mike 2022: flag has several states: <i title="">PCDATA</i>, <i title="">RCDATA</i>, <i title="">RAWTEXT</i>, and <i title="">PLAINTEXT</i>. Initially, it must be in the PCDATA
2023: state. In the RCDATA and RAWTEXT states, a further <dfn id="escape-flag">escape
1.1 mike 2024: flag</dfn> is used to control the behavior of the tokenizer. It is
2025: either true or false, and initially must be set to the false
2026: state. The <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> and the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open
2027: elements</a> also affects tokenization.</p>
2028:
2029: <p>The output of the tokenization step is a series of zero or more
2030: of the following tokens: DOCTYPE, start tag, end tag, comment,
2031: character, end-of-file. DOCTYPE tokens have a name, a public
2032: identifier, a system identifier, and a <i>force-quirks
2033: flag</i>. When a DOCTYPE token is created, its name, public
2034: identifier, and system identifier must be marked as missing (which
2035: is a distinct state from the empty string), and the <i>force-quirks
2036: flag</i> must be set to <i>off</i> (its other state is
2037: <i>on</i>). Start and end tag tokens have a tag name, a
2038: <i>self-closing flag</i>, and a list of attributes, each of which
2039: has a name and a value. When a start or end tag token is created,
2040: its <i>self-closing flag</i> must be unset (its other state is that
2041: it be set), and its attributes list must be empty. Comment and
2042: character tokens have data.</p>
2043:
2044: <p>When a token is emitted, it must immediately be handled by the
2045: <a href="#tree-construction">tree construction</a> stage. The tree construction stage
2046: can affect the state of the <a href="#content-model-flag">content model flag</a>, and can
2047: insert additional characters into the stream. (For example, the
2048: <code><a href="semantics.html#script">script</a></code> element can result in scripts executing and
2049: using the <a href="dom.html#dynamic-markup-insertion">dynamic markup insertion</a> APIs to insert
2050: characters into the stream being tokenized.)</p>
2051:
2052: <p>When a start tag token is emitted with its <i>self-closing
2053: flag</i> set, if the flag is not <dfn id="acknowledge-self-closing-flag" title="acknowledge
2054: self-closing flag">acknowledged</dfn> when it is processed by the
2055: tree construction stage, that is a <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a>.</p>
2056:
2057: <p>When an end tag token is emitted, the <a href="#content-model-flag">content model
2058: flag</a> must be switched to the PCDATA state.</p>
2059:
2060: <p>When an end tag token is emitted with attributes, that is a
2061: <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a>.</p>
2062:
2063: <p>When an end tag token is emitted with its <i>self-closing
2064: flag</i> set, that is a <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a>.</p>
2065:
2066: <p>Before each step of the tokenizer, the user agent must first
2067: check the <a href="#parser-pause-flag">parser pause flag</a>. If it is true, then the
2068: tokenizer must abort the processing of any nested invocations of the
2069: tokenizer, yielding control back to the caller. If it is false, then
2070: the user agent may then check to see if either one of the scripts in
2071: the <a href="semantics.html#list-of-scripts-that-will-execute-as-soon-as-possible">list of scripts that will execute as soon as
2072: possible</a> or the first script in the <a href="semantics.html#list-of-scripts-that-will-execute-asynchronously">list of scripts
2073: that will execute asynchronously</a>, has <a href="semantics.html#completed-loading">completed
2074: loading</a>. If one has, then it must be <a href="semantics.html#executing-a-script-block" title="executing a
2075: script block">executed</a> and removed from its list.</p>
2076:
2077: <p>The tokenizer state machine consists of the states defined in the
2078: following subsections.</p>
2079:
2080: <!-- XXX should go through these reordering the entries so that
2081: they're in some consistent order, like, by Unicode, errors last, or
2082: something -->
2083:
2084: <h5 id="data-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.1 </span><dfn>Data state</dfn></h5>
2085:
2086: <p>Consume the <a href="#next-input-character">next input character</a>:</p>
2087:
2088: <dl class="switch"><dt>U+0026 AMPERSAND (&)</dt>
2089: <dd>When the <a href="#content-model-flag">content model flag</a> is set to one of the
2090: PCDATA or RCDATA states and the <a href="#escape-flag">escape flag</a> is
2091: false: switch to the <a href="#character-reference-data-state">character reference data
1.56 mike 2092: state</a>.</dd>
2093: <dd>Otherwise: treat it as per the "anything else" entry
2094: below.</dd>
1.1 mike 2095:
2096: <dt>U+002D HYPHEN-MINUS (-)</dt>
2097: <dd>
2098:
2099: <p>If the <a href="#content-model-flag">content model flag</a> is set to either the
1.91 mike 2100: RCDATA state or the RAWTEXT state, and the <a href="#escape-flag">escape flag</a>
1.1 mike 2101: is false, and there are at least three characters before this
2102: one in the input stream, and the last four characters in the
2103: input stream, including this one, are U+003C LESS-THAN SIGN,
2104: U+0021 EXCLAMATION MARK, U+002D HYPHEN-MINUS, and U+002D
2105: HYPHEN-MINUS ("<!--"), then set the <a href="#escape-flag">escape flag</a>
2106: to true.</p>
2107:
2108: <p>In any case, emit the input character as a character
2109: token. Stay in the <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</p>
2110:
2111: </dd>
2112:
2113: <dt>U+003C LESS-THAN SIGN (<)</dt>
2114: <dd>When the <a href="#content-model-flag">content model flag</a> is set to the PCDATA
2115: state: switch to the <a href="#tag-open-state">tag open state</a>.</dd>
2116: <dd>When the <a href="#content-model-flag">content model flag</a> is set to either the
1.91 mike 2117: RCDATA state or the RAWTEXT state, and the <a href="#escape-flag">escape flag</a>
1.1 mike 2118: is false: switch to the <a href="#tag-open-state">tag open state</a>.</dd>
2119: <dd>Otherwise: treat it as per the "anything else" entry
2120: below.</dd>
2121:
2122: <dt>U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN (>)</dt>
2123: <dd>
2124:
2125: <p>If the <a href="#content-model-flag">content model flag</a> is set to either the
1.91 mike 2126: RCDATA state or the RAWTEXT state, and the <a href="#escape-flag">escape
1.1 mike 2127: flag</a> is true, and the last three characters in the input
2128: stream including this one are U+002D HYPHEN-MINUS, U+002D
2129: HYPHEN-MINUS, U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN ("-->"), set the
2130: <a href="#escape-flag">escape flag</a> to false.</p> <!-- no need to check
2131: that there are enough characters, since you can only run into
2132: this if the flag is true in the first place, which requires four
2133: characters. -->
2134:
2135: <p>In any case, emit the input character as a character
2136: token. Stay in the <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</p>
2137:
2138: </dd>
2139:
2140: <dt>EOF</dt>
2141: <dd>Emit an end-of-file token.</dd>
2142:
2143: <dt>Anything else</dt>
2144: <dd>Emit the input character as a character token. Stay in the
2145: <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd>
2146:
2147: </dl><h5 id="character-reference-data-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.2 </span><dfn>Character reference data state</dfn></h5>
2148:
2149: <p><i>(This cannot happen if the <a href="#content-model-flag">content model flag</a>
1.91 mike 2150: is set to the RAWTEXT state.)</i></p>
1.1 mike 2151:
2152: <p>Attempt to <a href="#consume-a-character-reference">consume a character reference</a>, with no
2153: <a href="#additional-allowed-character">additional allowed character</a>.</p>
2154:
2155: <p>If nothing is returned, emit a U+0026 AMPERSAND character
2156: token.</p>
2157:
2158: <p>Otherwise, emit the character token that was returned.</p>
2159:
2160: <p>Finally, switch to the <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</p>
2161:
2162:
2163: <h5 id="tag-open-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.3 </span><dfn>Tag open state</dfn></h5>
2164:
2165: <p>The behavior of this state depends on the <a href="#content-model-flag">content model
2166: flag</a>.</p>
2167:
2168: <dl><dt>If the <a href="#content-model-flag">content model flag</a> is set to the RCDATA
1.91 mike 2169: or RAWTEXT states</dt>
1.1 mike 2170:
2171: <dd>
2172:
2173: <p>Consume the <a href="#next-input-character">next input character</a>. If it is a
2174: U+002F SOLIDUS (/) character, switch to the <a href="#close-tag-open-state">close tag open
2175: state</a>. Otherwise, emit a U+003C LESS-THAN SIGN character
2176: token and reconsume the <a href="#current-input-character">current input character</a> in the
2177: <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</p>
2178:
2179: </dd>
2180:
2181: <dt>If the <a href="#content-model-flag">content model flag</a> is set to the PCDATA
2182: state</dt>
2183:
2184: <dd>
2185:
2186: <p>Consume the <a href="#next-input-character">next input character</a>:</p>
2187:
2188: <dl class="switch"><dt>U+0021 EXCLAMATION MARK (!)</dt>
2189: <dd>Switch to the <a href="#markup-declaration-open-state">markup declaration open state</a>.</dd>
2190:
2191: <dt>U+002F SOLIDUS (/)</dt>
2192: <dd>Switch to the <a href="#close-tag-open-state">close tag open state</a>.</dd>
2193:
2194: <dt>U+0041 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A through to U+005A LATIN CAPITAL LETTER Z</dt>
2195: <dd>Create a new start tag token, set its tag name to the
2196: lowercase version of the input character (add 0x0020 to the
2197: character's code point), then switch to the <a href="#tag-name-state">tag name
2198: state</a>. (Don't emit the token yet; further details will
2199: be filled in before it is emitted.)</dd>
2200:
2201: <dt>U+0061 LATIN SMALL LETTER A through to U+007A LATIN SMALL LETTER Z</dt>
2202: <dd>Create a new start tag token, set its tag name to the input
2203: character, then switch to the <a href="#tag-name-state">tag name
2204: state</a>. (Don't emit the token yet; further details will
2205: be filled in before it is emitted.)</dd>
2206:
2207: <dt>U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN (>)</dt>
2208: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Emit a U+003C LESS-THAN SIGN
2209: character token and a U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN character
2210: token. Switch to the <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd>
2211:
2212: <dt>U+003F QUESTION MARK (?)</dt>
2213: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Switch to the <a href="#bogus-comment-state">bogus
2214: comment state</a>.</dd>
2215:
2216: <dt>Anything else</dt>
2217: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Emit a U+003C LESS-THAN SIGN
2218: character token and reconsume the <a href="#current-input-character">current input character</a> in the
2219: <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd>
2220:
2221: </dl></dd>
2222:
2223: </dl><h5 id="close-tag-open-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.4 </span><dfn>Close tag open state</dfn></h5>
2224:
2225: <p>If the <a href="#content-model-flag">content model flag</a> is set to the RCDATA or
1.91 mike 2226: RAWTEXT states but no start tag token has ever been emitted by this
1.1 mike 2227: instance of the tokenizer (<a href="#fragment-case">fragment case</a>), or, if the
1.91 mike 2228: <a href="#content-model-flag">content model flag</a> is set to the RCDATA or RAWTEXT states
1.1 mike 2229: and the next few characters do not match the tag name of the last
2230: start tag token emitted (compared in an <a href="infrastructure.html#ascii-case-insensitive">ASCII
2231: case-insensitive</a> manner), or if they do but they are not
2232: immediately followed by one of the following characters:</p>
2233:
2234: <ul class="brief"><li>U+0009 CHARACTER TABULATION</li>
2235: <li>U+000A LINE FEED (LF)</li>
2236: <li>U+000C FORM FEED (FF)</li>
2237: <!--<li>U+000D CARRIAGE RETURN (CR)</li>-->
2238: <li>U+0020 SPACE</li>
2239: <li>U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN (>)</li>
2240: <li>U+002F SOLIDUS (/)</li>
2241: <li>EOF</li>
2242: </ul><p>...then emit a U+003C LESS-THAN SIGN character token, a U+002F
2243: SOLIDUS character token, and switch to the <a href="#data-state">data state</a>
2244: to process the <a href="#next-input-character">next input character</a>.</p>
2245:
2246: <p>Otherwise, if the <a href="#content-model-flag">content model flag</a> is set to the
2247: PCDATA state, or if the next few characters <em>do</em> match that tag
2248: name, consume the <a href="#next-input-character">next input character</a>:</p>
2249:
2250: <dl class="switch"><dt>U+0041 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A through to U+005A LATIN CAPITAL LETTER Z</dt>
2251: <dd>Create a new end tag token, set its tag name to the lowercase
2252: version of the input character (add 0x0020 to the character's
2253: code point), then switch to the <a href="#tag-name-state">tag name
2254: state</a>. (Don't emit the token yet; further details will be
2255: filled in before it is emitted.)</dd>
2256:
2257: <dt>U+0061 LATIN SMALL LETTER A through to U+007A LATIN SMALL LETTER Z</dt>
2258: <dd>Create a new end tag token, set its tag name to the input
2259: character, then switch to the <a href="#tag-name-state">tag name state</a>. (Don't
2260: emit the token yet; further details will be filled in before it
2261: is emitted.)</dd>
2262:
2263: <dt>U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN (>)</dt>
2264: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Switch to the <a href="#data-state">data
2265: state</a>.</dd>
2266:
2267: <dt>EOF</dt>
2268: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Emit a U+003C LESS-THAN SIGN
2269: character token and a U+002F SOLIDUS character token. Reconsume
2270: the EOF character in the <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd>
2271:
2272: <dt>Anything else</dt>
2273: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Switch to the <a href="#bogus-comment-state">bogus
2274: comment state</a>.</dd>
2275:
2276: </dl><h5 id="tag-name-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.5 </span><dfn>Tag name state</dfn></h5>
2277:
2278: <p>Consume the <a href="#next-input-character">next input character</a>:</p>
2279:
2280: <dl class="switch"><dt>U+0009 CHARACTER TABULATION</dt>
2281: <dt>U+000A LINE FEED (LF)</dt>
2282: <dt>U+000C FORM FEED (FF)</dt>
2283: <!--<dt>U+000D CARRIAGE RETURN (CR)</dt>-->
2284: <dt>U+0020 SPACE</dt>
2285: <dd>Switch to the <a href="#before-attribute-name-state">before attribute name state</a>.</dd>
2286:
2287: <dt>U+002F SOLIDUS (/)</dt>
2288: <dd>Switch to the <a href="#self-closing-start-tag-state">self-closing start tag state</a>.</dd>
2289:
2290: <dt>U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN (>)</dt>
2291: <dd>Emit the current tag token. Switch to the <a href="#data-state">data
2292: state</a>.</dd>
2293:
2294: <dt>U+0041 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A through to U+005A LATIN CAPITAL LETTER Z</dt>
2295: <dd>Append the lowercase version of the <a href="#current-input-character">current input character</a>
2296: (add 0x0020 to the character's code point) to the current tag
2297: token's tag name. Stay in the <a href="#tag-name-state">tag name state</a>.</dd>
2298:
2299: <dt>EOF</dt>
2300: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Reconsume the EOF character in the
2301: <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd>
2302:
2303: <dt>Anything else</dt>
2304: <dd>Append the <a href="#current-input-character">current input character</a> to the current tag token's
2305: tag name. Stay in the <a href="#tag-name-state">tag name state</a>.</dd>
2306:
2307: </dl><h5 id="before-attribute-name-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.6 </span><dfn>Before attribute name state</dfn></h5>
2308:
2309: <p>Consume the <a href="#next-input-character">next input character</a>:</p>
2310:
2311: <dl class="switch"><dt>U+0009 CHARACTER TABULATION</dt>
2312: <dt>U+000A LINE FEED (LF)</dt>
2313: <dt>U+000C FORM FEED (FF)</dt>
2314: <!--<dt>U+000D CARRIAGE RETURN (CR)</dt>-->
2315: <dt>U+0020 SPACE</dt>
2316: <dd>Stay in the <a href="#before-attribute-name-state">before attribute name state</a>.</dd>
2317:
2318: <dt>U+002F SOLIDUS (/)</dt>
2319: <dd>Switch to the <a href="#self-closing-start-tag-state">self-closing start tag state</a>.</dd>
2320:
2321: <dt>U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN (>)</dt>
2322: <dd>Emit the current tag token. Switch to the <a href="#data-state">data
2323: state</a>.</dd>
2324:
2325: <dt>U+0041 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A through to U+005A LATIN CAPITAL LETTER Z</dt>
2326: <dd>Start a new attribute in the current tag token. Set that
2327: attribute's name to the lowercase version of the <a href="#current-input-character">current input
2328: character</a> (add 0x0020 to the character's code point), and its
2329: value to the empty string. Switch to the <a href="#attribute-name-state">attribute name
2330: state</a>.</dd>
2331:
2332: <dt>U+0022 QUOTATION MARK (")</dt>
2333: <dt>U+0027 APOSTROPHE (')</dt>
2334: <dt>U+003C LESS-THAN SIGN (<)</dt>
2335: <dt>U+003D EQUALS SIGN (=)</dt>
2336: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Treat it as per the "anything else"
2337: entry below.</dd>
2338:
2339: <dt>EOF</dt>
2340: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Reconsume the EOF character in the
2341: <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd>
2342:
2343: <dt>Anything else</dt>
2344: <dd>Start a new attribute in the current tag token. Set that
2345: attribute's name to the <a href="#current-input-character">current input character</a>, and its value to
2346: the empty string. Switch to the <a href="#attribute-name-state">attribute name
2347: state</a>.</dd>
2348:
2349: </dl><h5 id="attribute-name-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.7 </span><dfn>Attribute name state</dfn></h5>
2350:
2351: <p>Consume the <a href="#next-input-character">next input character</a>:</p>
2352:
2353: <dl class="switch"><dt>U+0009 CHARACTER TABULATION</dt>
2354: <dt>U+000A LINE FEED (LF)</dt>
2355: <dt>U+000C FORM FEED (FF)</dt>
2356: <!--<dt>U+000D CARRIAGE RETURN (CR)</dt>-->
2357: <dt>U+0020 SPACE</dt>
2358: <dd>Switch to the <a href="#after-attribute-name-state">after attribute name state</a>.</dd>
2359:
2360: <dt>U+002F SOLIDUS (/)</dt>
2361: <dd>Switch to the <a href="#self-closing-start-tag-state">self-closing start tag state</a>.</dd>
2362:
2363: <dt>U+003D EQUALS SIGN (=)</dt>
2364: <dd>Switch to the <a href="#before-attribute-value-state">before attribute value state</a>.</dd>
2365:
2366: <dt>U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN (>)</dt>
2367: <dd>Emit the current tag token. Switch to the <a href="#data-state">data
2368: state</a>.</dd>
2369:
2370: <dt>U+0041 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A through to U+005A LATIN CAPITAL LETTER Z</dt>
2371: <dd>Append the lowercase version of the <a href="#current-input-character">current input character</a>
2372: (add 0x0020 to the character's code point) to the current
2373: attribute's name. Stay in the <a href="#attribute-name-state">attribute name
2374: state</a>.</dd>
2375:
2376: <dt>U+0022 QUOTATION MARK (")</dt>
2377: <dt>U+0027 APOSTROPHE (')</dt>
2378: <dt>U+003C LESS-THAN SIGN (<)</dt>
2379: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Treat it as per the "anything else"
2380: entry below.</dd>
2381:
2382: <dt>EOF</dt>
2383: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Reconsume the EOF character in the
2384: <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd>
2385:
2386: <dt>Anything else</dt>
2387: <dd>Append the <a href="#current-input-character">current input character</a> to the current attribute's
2388: name. Stay in the <a href="#attribute-name-state">attribute name state</a>.</dd>
2389:
2390: </dl><p>When the user agent leaves the attribute name state (and before
2391: emitting the tag token, if appropriate), the complete attribute's
2392: name must be compared to the other attributes on the same token;
2393: if there is already an attribute on the token with the exact same
2394: name, then this is a <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a> and the new
2395: attribute must be dropped, along with the value that gets
2396: associated with it (if any).</p>
2397:
2398:
2399: <h5 id="after-attribute-name-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.8 </span><dfn>After attribute name state</dfn></h5>
2400:
2401: <p>Consume the <a href="#next-input-character">next input character</a>:</p>
2402:
2403: <dl class="switch"><dt>U+0009 CHARACTER TABULATION</dt>
2404: <dt>U+000A LINE FEED (LF)</dt>
2405: <dt>U+000C FORM FEED (FF)</dt>
2406: <!--<dt>U+000D CARRIAGE RETURN (CR)</dt>-->
2407: <dt>U+0020 SPACE</dt>
2408: <dd>Stay in the <a href="#after-attribute-name-state">after attribute name state</a>.</dd>
2409:
2410: <dt>U+002F SOLIDUS (/)</dt>
2411: <dd>Switch to the <a href="#self-closing-start-tag-state">self-closing start tag state</a>.</dd>
2412:
2413: <dt>U+003D EQUALS SIGN (=)</dt>
2414: <dd>Switch to the <a href="#before-attribute-value-state">before attribute value state</a>.</dd>
2415:
2416: <dt>U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN (>)</dt>
2417: <dd>Emit the current tag token. Switch to the <a href="#data-state">data
2418: state</a>.</dd>
2419:
2420: <dt>U+0041 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A through to U+005A LATIN CAPITAL LETTER Z</dt>
2421: <dd>Start a new attribute in the current tag token. Set that
2422: attribute's name to the lowercase version of the <a href="#current-input-character">current input character</a>
2423: (add 0x0020 to the character's code point), and its value to
2424: the empty string. Switch to the <a href="#attribute-name-state">attribute name
2425: state</a>.</dd>
2426:
2427: <dt>U+0022 QUOTATION MARK (")</dt>
2428: <dt>U+0027 APOSTROPHE (')</dt>
2429: <dt>U+003C LESS-THAN SIGN (<)</dt>
2430: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Treat it as per the "anything else"
2431: entry below.</dd>
2432:
2433: <dt>EOF</dt>
2434: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Reconsume the EOF character in the
2435: <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd>
2436:
2437: <dt>Anything else</dt>
2438: <dd>Start a new attribute in the current tag token. Set that
2439: attribute's name to the <a href="#current-input-character">current input character</a>, and its value to
2440: the empty string. Switch to the <a href="#attribute-name-state">attribute name
2441: state</a>.</dd>
2442:
2443: </dl><h5 id="before-attribute-value-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.9 </span><dfn>Before attribute value state</dfn></h5>
2444:
2445: <p>Consume the <a href="#next-input-character">next input character</a>:</p>
2446:
2447: <dl class="switch"><dt>U+0009 CHARACTER TABULATION</dt>
2448: <dt>U+000A LINE FEED (LF)</dt>
2449: <dt>U+000C FORM FEED (FF)</dt>
2450: <!--<dt>U+000D CARRIAGE RETURN (CR)</dt>-->
2451: <dt>U+0020 SPACE</dt>
2452: <dd>Stay in the <a href="#before-attribute-value-state">before attribute value state</a>.</dd>
2453:
2454: <dt>U+0022 QUOTATION MARK (")</dt>
2455: <dd>Switch to the <a href="#attribute-value-double-quoted-state">attribute value (double-quoted) state</a>.</dd>
2456:
2457: <dt>U+0026 AMPERSAND (&)</dt>
2458: <dd>Switch to the <a href="#attribute-value-unquoted-state">attribute value (unquoted) state</a>
2459: and reconsume this input character.</dd>
2460:
2461: <dt>U+0027 APOSTROPHE (')</dt>
2462: <dd>Switch to the <a href="#attribute-value-single-quoted-state">attribute value (single-quoted) state</a>.</dd>
2463:
2464: <dt>U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN (>)</dt>
2465: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Emit the current tag token. Switch to
2466: the <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd>
2467:
2468: <dt>U+003C LESS-THAN SIGN (<)</dt>
2469: <dt>U+003D EQUALS SIGN (=)</dt>
2470: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Treat it as per the "anything else"
2471: entry below.</dd>
2472:
2473: <dt>EOF</dt>
2474: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Reconsume the EOF character in the
2475: <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd>
2476:
2477: <dt>Anything else</dt>
2478: <dd>Append the <a href="#current-input-character">current input character</a> to the current
2479: attribute's value. Switch to the <a href="#attribute-value-unquoted-state">attribute value (unquoted)
2480: state</a>.</dd>
2481:
2482: </dl><h5 id="attribute-value-double-quoted-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.10 </span><dfn>Attribute value (double-quoted) state</dfn></h5>
2483:
2484: <p>Consume the <a href="#next-input-character">next input character</a>:</p>
2485:
2486: <dl class="switch"><dt>U+0022 QUOTATION MARK (")</dt>
2487: <dd>Switch to the <a href="#after-attribute-value-quoted-state">after attribute value (quoted)
2488: state</a>.</dd>
2489:
2490: <dt>U+0026 AMPERSAND (&)</dt>
2491: <dd>Switch to the <a href="#character-reference-in-attribute-value-state">character reference in attribute value
2492: state</a>, with the <a href="#additional-allowed-character">additional allowed character</a>
2493: being U+0022 QUOTATION MARK (").</dd>
2494:
2495: <dt>EOF</dt>
2496: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Reconsume the EOF character in the
2497: <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd>
2498:
2499: <dt>Anything else</dt>
2500: <dd>Append the <a href="#current-input-character">current input character</a> to the current attribute's
2501: value. Stay in the <a href="#attribute-value-double-quoted-state">attribute value (double-quoted)
2502: state</a>.</dd>
2503:
2504: </dl><h5 id="attribute-value-single-quoted-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.11 </span><dfn>Attribute value (single-quoted) state</dfn></h5>
2505:
2506: <p>Consume the <a href="#next-input-character">next input character</a>:</p>
2507:
2508: <dl class="switch"><dt>U+0027 APOSTROPHE (')</dt>
2509: <dd>Switch to the <a href="#after-attribute-value-quoted-state">after attribute value (quoted)
2510: state</a>.</dd>
2511:
2512: <dt>U+0026 AMPERSAND (&)</dt>
2513: <dd>Switch to the <a href="#character-reference-in-attribute-value-state">character reference in attribute value
2514: state</a>, with the <a href="#additional-allowed-character">additional allowed character</a>
2515: being U+0027 APOSTROPHE (').</dd>
2516:
2517: <dt>EOF</dt>
2518: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Reconsume the EOF character in the
2519: <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd>
2520:
2521: <dt>Anything else</dt>
2522: <dd>Append the <a href="#current-input-character">current input character</a> to the current attribute's
2523: value. Stay in the <a href="#attribute-value-single-quoted-state">attribute value (single-quoted)
2524: state</a>.</dd>
2525:
2526: </dl><h5 id="attribute-value-unquoted-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.12 </span><dfn>Attribute value (unquoted) state</dfn></h5>
2527:
2528: <p>Consume the <a href="#next-input-character">next input character</a>:</p>
2529:
2530: <dl class="switch"><dt>U+0009 CHARACTER TABULATION</dt>
2531: <dt>U+000A LINE FEED (LF)</dt>
2532: <dt>U+000C FORM FEED (FF)</dt>
2533: <!--<dt>U+000D CARRIAGE RETURN (CR)</dt>-->
2534: <dt>U+0020 SPACE</dt>
2535: <dd>Switch to the <a href="#before-attribute-name-state">before attribute name state</a>.</dd>
2536:
2537: <dt>U+0026 AMPERSAND (&)</dt>
2538: <dd>Switch to the <a href="#character-reference-in-attribute-value-state">character reference in attribute value
2539: state</a>, with no <a href="#additional-allowed-character">additional allowed
2540: character</a>.</dd>
2541:
2542: <dt>U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN (>)</dt>
2543: <dd>Emit the current tag token. Switch to the <a href="#data-state">data
2544: state</a>.</dd>
2545:
2546: <dt>U+0022 QUOTATION MARK (")</dt>
2547: <dt>U+0027 APOSTROPHE (')</dt>
2548: <dt>U+003C LESS-THAN SIGN (<)</dt>
2549: <dt>U+003D EQUALS SIGN (=)</dt>
2550: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Treat it as per the "anything else"
2551: entry below.</dd>
2552:
2553: <dt>EOF</dt>
2554: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Reconsume the EOF character in the
2555: <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd>
2556:
2557: <dt>Anything else</dt>
2558: <dd>Append the <a href="#current-input-character">current input character</a> to the current attribute's
2559: value. Stay in the <a href="#attribute-value-unquoted-state">attribute value (unquoted)
2560: state</a>.</dd>
2561:
2562: </dl><h5 id="character-reference-in-attribute-value-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.13 </span><dfn>Character reference in attribute value state</dfn></h5>
2563:
2564: <p>Attempt to <a href="#consume-a-character-reference">consume a character reference</a>.</p>
2565:
2566: <p>If nothing is returned, append a U+0026 AMPERSAND character to
2567: the current attribute's value.</p>
2568:
2569: <p>Otherwise, append the returned character token to the current
2570: attribute's value.</p>
2571:
2572: <p>Finally, switch back to the attribute value state that you were
2573: in when were switched into this state.</p>
2574:
2575:
2576: <h5 id="after-attribute-value-quoted-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.14 </span><dfn>After attribute value (quoted) state</dfn></h5>
2577:
2578: <p>Consume the <a href="#next-input-character">next input character</a>:</p>
2579:
2580: <dl class="switch"><dt>U+0009 CHARACTER TABULATION</dt>
2581: <dt>U+000A LINE FEED (LF)</dt>
2582: <dt>U+000C FORM FEED (FF)</dt>
2583: <!--<dt>U+000D CARRIAGE RETURN (CR)</dt>-->
2584: <dt>U+0020 SPACE</dt>
2585: <dd>Switch to the <a href="#before-attribute-name-state">before attribute name state</a>.</dd>
2586:
2587: <dt>U+002F SOLIDUS (/)</dt>
2588: <dd>Switch to the <a href="#self-closing-start-tag-state">self-closing start tag state</a>.</dd>
2589:
2590: <dt>U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN (>)</dt>
2591: <dd>Emit the current tag token. Switch to the <a href="#data-state">data
2592: state</a>.</dd>
2593:
2594: <dt>EOF</dt>
2595: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Reconsume the EOF character in the
2596: <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd>
2597:
2598: <dt>Anything else</dt>
2599: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Reconsume the character in
2600: the <a href="#before-attribute-name-state">before attribute name state</a>.</dd>
2601:
2602: </dl><h5 id="self-closing-start-tag-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.15 </span><dfn>Self-closing start tag state</dfn></h5>
2603:
2604: <p>Consume the <a href="#next-input-character">next input character</a>:</p>
2605:
2606: <dl class="switch"><dt>U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN (>)</dt>
2607: <dd>Set the <i>self-closing flag</i> of the current tag
2608: token. Emit the current tag token. Switch to the <a href="#data-state">data
2609: state</a>.</dd>
2610:
2611: <dt>EOF</dt>
2612: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Reconsume the EOF character in the
2613: <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd>
2614:
2615: <dt>Anything else</dt>
2616: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Reconsume the character in
2617: the <a href="#before-attribute-name-state">before attribute name state</a>.</dd>
2618:
2619: </dl><h5 id="bogus-comment-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.16 </span><dfn>Bogus comment state</dfn></h5>
2620:
2621: <p><i>(This can only happen if the <a href="#content-model-flag">content model
2622: flag</a> is set to the PCDATA state.)</i></p>
2623:
2624: <p>Consume every character up to and including the first U+003E
2625: GREATER-THAN SIGN character (>) or the end of the file (EOF),
2626: whichever comes first. Emit a comment token whose data is the
2627: concatenation of all the characters starting from and including
2628: the character that caused the state machine to switch into the
2629: bogus comment state, up to and including the character immediately
2630: before the last consumed character (i.e. up to the character just
2631: before the U+003E or EOF character). (If the comment was started
2632: by the end of the file (EOF), the token is empty.)</p>
2633:
2634: <p>Switch to the <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</p>
2635:
2636: <p>If the end of the file was reached, reconsume the EOF
2637: character.</p>
2638:
2639:
2640: <h5 id="markup-declaration-open-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.17 </span><dfn>Markup declaration open state</dfn></h5>
2641:
2642: <p><i>(This can only happen if the <a href="#content-model-flag">content model
2643: flag</a> is set to the PCDATA state.)</i></p>
2644:
2645: <p>If the next two characters are both U+002D HYPHEN-MINUS (-)
2646: characters, consume those two characters, create a comment token
2647: whose data is the empty string, and switch to the <a href="#comment-start-state">comment
2648: start state</a>.</p>
2649:
2650: <p>Otherwise, if the next seven characters are an <a href="infrastructure.html#ascii-case-insensitive">ASCII
2651: case-insensitive</a> match for the word "DOCTYPE", then consume
2652: those characters and switch to the <a href="#doctype-state">DOCTYPE state</a>.</p>
2653:
2654: <p>Otherwise, if the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> is "<a href="#parsing-main-inforeign" title="insertion mode: in foreign content">in foreign
2655: content</a>" and the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> is not an element
2656: in the <a href="#html-namespace-0">HTML namespace</a> and the next seven characters are
2657: an <span>ASCII case-sensitive</span> match for the string "[CDATA["
2658: (the five uppercase letters "CDATA" with a U+005B LEFT SQUARE
2659: BRACKET character before and after), then consume those characters
1.91 mike 2660: and switch to the <a href="#cdata-section-state">CDATA section state</a>.</p>
1.1 mike 2661:
2662: <p>Otherwise, this is a <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a>. Switch to the
2663: <a href="#bogus-comment-state">bogus comment state</a>. The next character that is
2664: consumed, if any, is the first character that will be in the
2665: comment.</p>
2666:
2667:
2668: <h5 id="comment-start-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.18 </span><dfn>Comment start state</dfn></h5>
2669:
2670: <p>Consume the <a href="#next-input-character">next input character</a>:</p>
2671:
2672: <dl class="switch"><dt>U+002D HYPHEN-MINUS (-)</dt>
2673: <dd>Switch to the <a href="#comment-start-dash-state">comment start dash state</a>.</dd>
2674:
2675: <dt>U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN (>)</dt>
2676: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Emit the comment token. Switch to the
2677: <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd> <!-- see comment in comment end state
2678: -->
2679:
2680: <dt>EOF</dt>
2681: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Emit the comment token. Reconsume
2682: the EOF character in the <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd>
2683:
2684: <dt>Anything else</dt>
2685: <dd>Append the input character to the comment token's
2686: data. Switch to the <a href="#comment-state">comment state</a>.</dd>
2687:
2688: </dl><h5 id="comment-start-dash-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.19 </span><dfn>Comment start dash state</dfn></h5>
2689:
2690: <p>Consume the <a href="#next-input-character">next input character</a>:</p>
2691:
2692: <dl class="switch"><dt>U+002D HYPHEN-MINUS (-)</dt>
2693: <dd>Switch to the <a href="#comment-end-state">comment end state</a></dd>
2694:
2695: <dt>U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN (>)</dt>
2696: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Emit the comment token. Switch to
2697: the <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd>
2698:
2699: <dt>EOF</dt>
2700: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Emit the comment token. Reconsume the
2701: EOF character in the <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd> <!-- see comment
2702: in comment end state -->
2703:
2704: <dt>Anything else</dt>
2705: <dd>Append a U+002D HYPHEN-MINUS (-) character and the input
2706: character to the comment token's data. Switch to the
2707: <a href="#comment-state">comment state</a>.</dd>
2708:
2709: </dl><h5 id="comment-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.20 </span><dfn id="comment">Comment state</dfn></h5>
2710:
2711: <p>Consume the <a href="#next-input-character">next input character</a>:</p>
2712:
2713: <dl class="switch"><dt>U+002D HYPHEN-MINUS (-)</dt>
2714: <dd>Switch to the <a href="#comment-end-dash-state">comment end dash state</a></dd>
2715:
2716: <dt>EOF</dt>
2717: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Emit the comment token. Reconsume the
2718: EOF character in the <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd> <!-- see comment
2719: in comment end state -->
2720:
2721: <dt>Anything else</dt>
2722: <dd>Append the input character to the comment token's data. Stay
2723: in the <a href="#comment-state">comment state</a>.</dd>
2724:
2725: </dl><h5 id="comment-end-dash-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.21 </span><dfn>Comment end dash state</dfn></h5>
2726:
2727: <p>Consume the <a href="#next-input-character">next input character</a>:</p>
2728:
2729: <dl class="switch"><dt>U+002D HYPHEN-MINUS (-)</dt>
2730: <dd>Switch to the <a href="#comment-end-state">comment end state</a></dd>
2731:
2732: <dt>EOF</dt>
2733: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Emit the comment token. Reconsume the
2734: EOF character in the <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd> <!-- see comment
2735: in comment end state -->
2736:
2737: <dt>Anything else</dt>
2738: <dd>Append a U+002D HYPHEN-MINUS (-) character and the input
2739: character to the comment token's data. Switch to the
2740: <a href="#comment-state">comment state</a>.</dd>
2741:
2742: </dl><h5 id="comment-end-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.22 </span><dfn>Comment end state</dfn></h5>
2743:
2744: <p>Consume the <a href="#next-input-character">next input character</a>:</p>
2745:
2746: <dl class="switch"><dt>U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN (>)</dt>
2747: <dd>Emit the comment token. Switch to the <a href="#data-state">data
2748: state</a>.</dd>
2749:
2750: <dt>U+002D HYPHEN-MINUS (-)</dt>
2751: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Append a U+002D HYPHEN-MINUS
2752: (-) character to the comment token's data. Stay in the
2753: <a href="#comment-end-state">comment end state</a>.</dd>
2754:
2755: <dt>U+0009 CHARACTER TABULATION</dt>
2756: <dt>U+000A LINE FEED (LF)</dt>
2757: <dt>U+000C FORM FEED (FF)</dt>
2758: <!--<dt>U+000D CARRIAGE RETURN (CR)</dt>-->
2759: <dt>U+0020 SPACE</dt>
2760: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Append two U+002D HYPHEN-MINUS (-)
2761: characters and the input character to the comment token's
2762: data. Switch to the <a href="#comment-end-space-state">comment end space state</a>.</dd>
2763:
2764: <dt>U+0021 EXCLAMATION MARK (!)</dt>
2765: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Switch to the <a href="#comment-end-bang-state">comment end bang
2766: state</a>.</dd>
2767:
2768: <dt>EOF</dt>
2769: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Emit the comment token. Reconsume
2770: the EOF character in the <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd> <!-- For
2771: security reasons: otherwise, hostile user could put a <script> in
2772: a comment e.g. in a blog comment and then DOS the server so that
2773: the end tag isn't read, and then the commented <script> tag would
2774: be treated as live code -->
2775:
2776: <dt>Anything else</dt>
2777: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Append two U+002D HYPHEN-MINUS (-)
2778: characters and the input character to the comment token's
2779: data. Switch to the <a href="#comment-state">comment state</a>.</dd>
2780:
2781: </dl><h5 id="comment-end-bang-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.23 </span><dfn>Comment end bang state</dfn></h5>
2782:
2783: <p>Consume the <a href="#next-input-character">next input character</a>:</p>
2784:
2785: <dl class="switch"><dt>U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN (>)</dt>
2786: <dd>Emit the comment token. Switch to the <a href="#data-state">data
2787: state</a>.</dd>
2788:
2789: <dt>U+002D HYPHEN-MINUS (-)</dt>
2790: <dd>Append two U+002D HYPHEN-MINUS (-) characters and a U+0021
2791: EXCLAMATION MARK (!) character to the comment token's data. Switch
2792: to the <a href="#comment-end-dash-state">comment end dash state</a>.</dd>
2793:
2794: <dt>EOF</dt>
2795: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Emit the comment token. Reconsume
2796: the EOF character in the <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd> <!-- see
2797: comment in comment end state -->
2798:
2799: <dt>Anything else</dt>
2800: <dd>Append two U+002D HYPHEN-MINUS (-) characters, a U+0021
2801: EXCLAMATION MARK (!) character, and the input character to the
2802: comment token's data. Switch to the <a href="#comment-state">comment
2803: state</a>.</dd>
2804:
2805: </dl><h5 id="comment-end-space-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.24 </span><dfn>Comment end space state</dfn></h5>
2806:
2807: <p>Consume the <a href="#next-input-character">next input character</a>:</p>
2808:
2809: <dl class="switch"><dt>U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN (>)</dt>
2810: <dd>Emit the comment token. Switch to the <a href="#data-state">data
2811: state</a>.</dd>
2812:
2813: <dt>U+002D HYPHEN-MINUS (-)</dt>
2814: <dd>Switch to the <a href="#comment-end-dash-state">comment end dash state</a>.</dd>
2815:
2816: <dt>U+0009 CHARACTER TABULATION</dt>
2817: <dt>U+000A LINE FEED (LF)</dt>
2818: <dt>U+000C FORM FEED (FF)</dt>
2819: <!--<dt>U+000D CARRIAGE RETURN (CR)</dt>-->
2820: <dt>U+0020 SPACE</dt>
2821: <dd>Append the input character to the comment token's data. Stay in
2822: the <a href="#comment-end-space-state">comment end space state</a>.</dd>
2823:
2824: <dt>EOF</dt>
2825: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Emit the comment token. Reconsume
2826: the EOF character in the <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd> <!-- see
2827: comment in comment end state -->
2828:
2829: <dt>Anything else</dt>
2830: <dd>Append the input character to the comment token's data. Switch
2831: to the <a href="#comment-state">comment state</a>.</dd>
2832:
2833: </dl><h5 id="doctype-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.25 </span><dfn>DOCTYPE state</dfn></h5>
2834:
2835: <p>Consume the <a href="#next-input-character">next input character</a>:</p>
2836:
2837: <dl class="switch"><dt>U+0009 CHARACTER TABULATION</dt>
2838: <dt>U+000A LINE FEED (LF)</dt>
2839: <dt>U+000C FORM FEED (FF)</dt>
2840: <!--<dt>U+000D CARRIAGE RETURN (CR)</dt>-->
2841: <dt>U+0020 SPACE</dt>
2842: <dd>Switch to the <a href="#before-doctype-name-state">before DOCTYPE name state</a>.</dd>
2843:
2844: <dt>EOF</dt>
2845: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Create a new DOCTYPE token. Set its
2846: <i>force-quirks flag</i> to <i>on</i>. Emit the token. Reconsume
2847: the EOF character in the <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd>
2848:
2849: <dt>Anything else</dt>
2850: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Reconsume the current
2851: character in the <a href="#before-doctype-name-state">before DOCTYPE name state</a>.</dd>
2852:
2853: </dl><h5 id="before-doctype-name-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.26 </span><dfn>Before DOCTYPE name state</dfn></h5>
2854:
2855: <p>Consume the <a href="#next-input-character">next input character</a>:</p>
2856:
2857: <dl class="switch"><dt>U+0009 CHARACTER TABULATION</dt>
2858: <dt>U+000A LINE FEED (LF)</dt>
2859: <dt>U+000C FORM FEED (FF)</dt>
2860: <!--<dt>U+000D CARRIAGE RETURN (CR)</dt>-->
2861: <dt>U+0020 SPACE</dt>
2862: <dd>Stay in the <a href="#before-doctype-name-state">before DOCTYPE name state</a>.</dd>
2863:
2864: <dt>U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN (>)</dt>
2865: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Create a new DOCTYPE token. Set its
2866: <i>force-quirks flag</i> to <i>on</i>. Emit the token. Switch to
2867: the <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd>
2868:
2869: <dt>U+0041 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A through to U+005A LATIN CAPITAL LETTER Z</dt>
2870: <dd>Create a new DOCTYPE token. Set the token's name to the
2871: lowercase version of the input character (add 0x0020 to the
2872: character's code point). Switch to the <a href="#doctype-name-state">DOCTYPE name
2873: state</a>.</dd>
2874:
2875: <dt>EOF</dt>
2876: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Create a new DOCTYPE token. Set its
2877: <i>force-quirks flag</i> to <i>on</i>. Emit the token. Reconsume
2878: the EOF character in the <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd>
2879:
2880: <dt>Anything else</dt>
2881: <dd>Create a new DOCTYPE token. Set the token's name to the
2882: <a href="#current-input-character">current input character</a>. Switch to the <a href="#doctype-name-state">DOCTYPE name
2883: state</a>.</dd>
2884:
2885: </dl><h5 id="doctype-name-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.27 </span><dfn>DOCTYPE name state</dfn></h5>
2886:
2887: <p>Consume the <a href="#next-input-character">next input character</a>:</p>
2888:
2889: <dl class="switch"><dt>U+0009 CHARACTER TABULATION</dt>
2890: <dt>U+000A LINE FEED (LF)</dt>
2891: <dt>U+000C FORM FEED (FF)</dt>
2892: <!--<dt>U+000D CARRIAGE RETURN (CR)</dt>-->
2893: <dt>U+0020 SPACE</dt>
2894: <dd>Switch to the <a href="#after-doctype-name-state">after DOCTYPE name state</a>.</dd>
2895:
2896: <dt>U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN (>)</dt>
2897: <dd>Emit the current DOCTYPE token. Switch to the <a href="#data-state">data
2898: state</a>.</dd>
2899:
2900: <dt>U+0041 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A through to U+005A LATIN CAPITAL LETTER Z</dt>
2901: <dd>Append the lowercase version of the input character (add 0x0020
2902: to the character's code point) to the current DOCTYPE token's
2903: name. Stay in the <a href="#doctype-name-state">DOCTYPE name state</a>.</dd>
2904:
2905: <dt>EOF</dt>
2906: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Set the DOCTYPE token's
2907: <i>force-quirks flag</i> to <i>on</i>. Emit that DOCTYPE token.
2908: Reconsume the EOF character in the <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd>
2909:
2910: <dt>Anything else</dt>
2911: <dd>Append the <a href="#current-input-character">current input character</a> to the current DOCTYPE
2912: token's name. Stay in the <a href="#doctype-name-state">DOCTYPE name state</a>.</dd>
2913:
2914: </dl><h5 id="after-doctype-name-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.28 </span><dfn>After DOCTYPE name state</dfn></h5>
2915:
2916: <p>Consume the <a href="#next-input-character">next input character</a>:</p>
2917:
2918: <dl class="switch"><dt>U+0009 CHARACTER TABULATION</dt>
2919: <dt>U+000A LINE FEED (LF)</dt>
2920: <dt>U+000C FORM FEED (FF)</dt>
2921: <!--<dt>U+000D CARRIAGE RETURN (CR)</dt>-->
2922: <dt>U+0020 SPACE</dt>
2923: <dd>Stay in the <a href="#after-doctype-name-state">after DOCTYPE name state</a>.</dd>
2924:
2925: <dt>U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN (>)</dt>
2926: <dd>Emit the current DOCTYPE token. Switch to the <a href="#data-state">data
2927: state</a>.</dd>
2928:
2929: <dt>EOF</dt>
2930: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Set the DOCTYPE token's
2931: <i>force-quirks flag</i> to <i>on</i>. Emit that DOCTYPE token.
2932: Reconsume the EOF character in the <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd>
2933:
2934: <dt>Anything else</dt>
2935: <dd>
2936:
2937: <p>If the six characters starting from the <a href="#current-input-character">current input
2938: character</a> are an <a href="infrastructure.html#ascii-case-insensitive">ASCII case-insensitive</a> match
2939: for the word "PUBLIC", then consume those characters and switch to
2940: the <a href="#before-doctype-public-identifier-state">before DOCTYPE public identifier state</a>.</p>
2941:
2942: <p>Otherwise, if the six characters starting from the
2943: <a href="#current-input-character">current input character</a> are an <a href="infrastructure.html#ascii-case-insensitive">ASCII
2944: case-insensitive</a> match for the word "SYSTEM", then consume
2945: those characters and switch to the <a href="#before-doctype-system-identifier-state">before DOCTYPE system
2946: identifier state</a>.</p>
2947:
2948: <p>Otherwise, this is the <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a>. Set the
2949: DOCTYPE token's <i>force-quirks flag</i> to <i>on</i>. Switch to
2950: the <a href="#bogus-doctype-state">bogus DOCTYPE state</a>.</p>
2951:
2952: </dd>
2953:
2954: </dl><h5 id="before-doctype-public-identifier-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.29 </span><dfn>Before DOCTYPE public identifier state</dfn></h5>
2955:
2956: <p>Consume the <a href="#next-input-character">next input character</a>:</p>
2957:
2958: <dl class="switch"><dt>U+0009 CHARACTER TABULATION</dt>
2959: <dt>U+000A LINE FEED (LF)</dt>
2960: <dt>U+000C FORM FEED (FF)</dt>
2961: <!--<dt>U+000D CARRIAGE RETURN (CR)</dt>-->
2962: <dt>U+0020 SPACE</dt>
2963: <dd>Stay in the <a href="#before-doctype-public-identifier-state">before DOCTYPE public identifier state</a>.</dd>
2964:
2965: <dt>U+0022 QUOTATION MARK (")</dt>
2966: <dd>Set the DOCTYPE token's public identifier to the empty string
2967: (not missing), then switch to the <a href="#doctype-public-identifier-double-quoted-state">DOCTYPE public identifier
2968: (double-quoted) state</a>.</dd>
2969:
2970: <dt>U+0027 APOSTROPHE (')</dt>
2971: <dd>Set the DOCTYPE token's public identifier to the empty string
2972: (not missing), then switch to the <a href="#doctype-public-identifier-single-quoted-state">DOCTYPE public identifier
2973: (single-quoted) state</a>.</dd>
2974:
2975: <dt>U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN (>)</dt>
2976: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Set the DOCTYPE token's
2977: <i>force-quirks flag</i> to <i>on</i>. Emit that DOCTYPE
2978: token. Switch to the <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd>
2979:
2980: <dt>EOF</dt>
2981: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Set the DOCTYPE token's
2982: <i>force-quirks flag</i> to <i>on</i>. Emit that DOCTYPE token.
2983: Reconsume the EOF character in the <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd>
2984:
2985: <dt>Anything else</dt>
2986: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Set the DOCTYPE token's
2987: <i>force-quirks flag</i> to <i>on</i>. Switch to the <a href="#bogus-doctype-state">bogus
2988: DOCTYPE state</a>.</dd>
2989:
2990: </dl><h5 id="doctype-public-identifier-double-quoted-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.30 </span><dfn>DOCTYPE public identifier (double-quoted) state</dfn></h5>
2991:
2992: <p>Consume the <a href="#next-input-character">next input character</a>:</p>
2993:
2994: <dl class="switch"><dt>U+0022 QUOTATION MARK (")</dt>
2995: <dd>Switch to the <a href="#after-doctype-public-identifier-state">after DOCTYPE public identifier state</a>.</dd>
2996:
2997: <dt>U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN (>)</dt>
2998: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Set the DOCTYPE token's
2999: <i>force-quirks flag</i> to <i>on</i>. Emit that DOCTYPE
3000: token. Switch to the <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd>
3001:
3002: <dt>EOF</dt>
3003: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Set the DOCTYPE token's
3004: <i>force-quirks flag</i> to <i>on</i>. Emit that DOCTYPE token.
3005: Reconsume the EOF character in the <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd>
3006:
3007: <dt>Anything else</dt>
3008: <dd>Append the <a href="#current-input-character">current input character</a> to the current DOCTYPE
3009: token's public identifier. Stay in the <a href="#doctype-public-identifier-double-quoted-state">DOCTYPE public
3010: identifier (double-quoted) state</a>.</dd>
3011:
3012: </dl><h5 id="doctype-public-identifier-single-quoted-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.31 </span><dfn>DOCTYPE public identifier (single-quoted) state</dfn></h5>
3013:
3014: <p>Consume the <a href="#next-input-character">next input character</a>:</p>
3015:
3016: <dl class="switch"><dt>U+0027 APOSTROPHE (')</dt>
3017: <dd>Switch to the <a href="#after-doctype-public-identifier-state">after DOCTYPE public identifier state</a>.</dd>
3018:
3019: <dt>U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN (>)</dt>
3020: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Set the DOCTYPE token's
3021: <i>force-quirks flag</i> to <i>on</i>. Emit that DOCTYPE
3022: token. Switch to the <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd>
3023:
3024: <dt>EOF</dt>
3025: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Set the DOCTYPE token's
3026: <i>force-quirks flag</i> to <i>on</i>. Emit that DOCTYPE token.
3027: Reconsume the EOF character in the <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd>
3028:
3029: <dt>Anything else</dt>
3030: <dd>Append the <a href="#current-input-character">current input character</a> to the current DOCTYPE
3031: token's public identifier. Stay in the <a href="#doctype-public-identifier-single-quoted-state">DOCTYPE public
3032: identifier (single-quoted) state</a>.</dd>
3033:
3034: </dl><h5 id="after-doctype-public-identifier-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.32 </span><dfn>After DOCTYPE public identifier state</dfn></h5>
3035:
3036: <p>Consume the <a href="#next-input-character">next input character</a>:</p>
3037:
3038: <dl class="switch"><dt>U+0009 CHARACTER TABULATION</dt>
3039: <dt>U+000A LINE FEED (LF)</dt>
3040: <dt>U+000C FORM FEED (FF)</dt>
3041: <!--<dt>U+000D CARRIAGE RETURN (CR)</dt>-->
3042: <dt>U+0020 SPACE</dt>
3043: <dd>Stay in the <a href="#after-doctype-public-identifier-state">after DOCTYPE public identifier state</a>.</dd>
3044:
3045: <dt>U+0022 QUOTATION MARK (")</dt>
3046: <dd>Set the DOCTYPE token's system identifier to the empty string
3047: (not missing), then switch to the <a href="#doctype-system-identifier-double-quoted-state">DOCTYPE system identifier
3048: (double-quoted) state</a>.</dd>
3049:
3050: <dt>U+0027 APOSTROPHE (')</dt>
3051: <dd>Set the DOCTYPE token's system identifier to the empty string
3052: (not missing), then switch to the <a href="#doctype-system-identifier-single-quoted-state">DOCTYPE system identifier
3053: (single-quoted) state</a>.</dd>
3054:
3055: <dt>U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN (>)</dt>
3056: <dd>Emit the current DOCTYPE token. Switch to the <a href="#data-state">data
3057: state</a>.</dd>
3058:
3059: <dt>EOF</dt>
3060: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Set the DOCTYPE token's
3061: <i>force-quirks flag</i> to <i>on</i>. Emit that DOCTYPE token.
3062: Reconsume the EOF character in the <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd>
3063:
3064: <dt>Anything else</dt>
3065: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Set the DOCTYPE token's
3066: <i>force-quirks flag</i> to <i>on</i>. Switch to the <a href="#bogus-doctype-state">bogus
3067: DOCTYPE state</a>.</dd>
3068:
3069: </dl><h5 id="before-doctype-system-identifier-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.33 </span><dfn>Before DOCTYPE system identifier state</dfn></h5>
3070:
3071: <p>Consume the <a href="#next-input-character">next input character</a>:</p>
3072:
3073: <dl class="switch"><dt>U+0009 CHARACTER TABULATION</dt>
3074: <dt>U+000A LINE FEED (LF)</dt>
3075: <dt>U+000C FORM FEED (FF)</dt>
3076: <!--<dt>U+000D CARRIAGE RETURN (CR)</dt>-->
3077: <dt>U+0020 SPACE</dt>
3078: <dd>Stay in the <a href="#before-doctype-system-identifier-state">before DOCTYPE system identifier state</a>.</dd>
3079:
3080: <dt>U+0022 QUOTATION MARK (")</dt>
3081: <dd>Set the DOCTYPE token's system identifier to the empty string
3082: (not missing), then switch to the <a href="#doctype-system-identifier-double-quoted-state">DOCTYPE system identifier
3083: (double-quoted) state</a>.</dd>
3084:
3085: <dt>U+0027 APOSTROPHE (')</dt>
3086: <dd>Set the DOCTYPE token's system identifier to the empty string
3087: (not missing), then switch to the <a href="#doctype-system-identifier-single-quoted-state">DOCTYPE system identifier
3088: (single-quoted) state</a>.</dd>
3089:
3090: <dt>U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN (>)</dt>
3091: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Set the DOCTYPE token's
3092: <i>force-quirks flag</i> to <i>on</i>. Emit that DOCTYPE
3093: token. Switch to the <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd>
3094:
3095: <dt>EOF</dt>
3096: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Set the DOCTYPE token's
3097: <i>force-quirks flag</i> to <i>on</i>. Emit that DOCTYPE token.
3098: Reconsume the EOF character in the <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd>
3099:
3100: <dt>Anything else</dt>
3101: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Set the DOCTYPE token's
3102: <i>force-quirks flag</i> to <i>on</i>. Switch to the <a href="#bogus-doctype-state">bogus
3103: DOCTYPE state</a>.</dd>
3104:
3105: </dl><h5 id="doctype-system-identifier-double-quoted-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.34 </span><dfn>DOCTYPE system identifier (double-quoted) state</dfn></h5>
3106:
3107: <p>Consume the <a href="#next-input-character">next input character</a>:</p>
3108:
3109: <dl class="switch"><dt>U+0022 QUOTATION MARK (")</dt>
3110: <dd>Switch to the <a href="#after-doctype-system-identifier-state">after DOCTYPE system identifier state</a>.</dd>
3111:
3112: <dt>U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN (>)</dt>
3113: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Set the DOCTYPE token's
3114: <i>force-quirks flag</i> to <i>on</i>. Emit that DOCTYPE
3115: token. Switch to the <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd>
3116:
3117: <dt>EOF</dt>
3118: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Set the DOCTYPE token's
3119: <i>force-quirks flag</i> to <i>on</i>. Emit that DOCTYPE token.
3120: Reconsume the EOF character in the <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd>
3121:
3122: <dt>Anything else</dt>
3123: <dd>Append the <a href="#current-input-character">current input character</a> to the current DOCTYPE
3124: token's system identifier. Stay in the <a href="#doctype-system-identifier-double-quoted-state">DOCTYPE system
3125: identifier (double-quoted) state</a>.</dd>
3126:
3127: </dl><h5 id="doctype-system-identifier-single-quoted-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.35 </span><dfn>DOCTYPE system identifier (single-quoted) state</dfn></h5>
3128:
3129: <p>Consume the <a href="#next-input-character">next input character</a>:</p>
3130:
3131: <dl class="switch"><dt>U+0027 APOSTROPHE (')</dt>
3132: <dd>Switch to the <a href="#after-doctype-system-identifier-state">after DOCTYPE system identifier state</a>.</dd>
3133:
3134: <dt>U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN (>)</dt>
3135: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Set the DOCTYPE token's
3136: <i>force-quirks flag</i> to <i>on</i>. Emit that DOCTYPE
3137: token. Switch to the <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd>
3138:
3139: <dt>EOF</dt>
3140: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Set the DOCTYPE token's
3141: <i>force-quirks flag</i> to <i>on</i>. Emit that DOCTYPE token.
3142: Reconsume the EOF character in the <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd>
3143:
3144: <dt>Anything else</dt>
3145: <dd>Append the <a href="#current-input-character">current input character</a> to the current DOCTYPE
3146: token's system identifier. Stay in the <a href="#doctype-system-identifier-single-quoted-state">DOCTYPE system
3147: identifier (single-quoted) state</a>.</dd>
3148:
3149: </dl><h5 id="after-doctype-system-identifier-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.36 </span><dfn>After DOCTYPE system identifier state</dfn></h5>
3150:
3151: <p>Consume the <a href="#next-input-character">next input character</a>:</p>
3152:
3153: <dl class="switch"><dt>U+0009 CHARACTER TABULATION</dt>
3154: <dt>U+000A LINE FEED (LF)</dt>
3155: <dt>U+000C FORM FEED (FF)</dt>
3156: <!--<dt>U+000D CARRIAGE RETURN (CR)</dt>-->
3157: <dt>U+0020 SPACE</dt>
3158: <dd>Stay in the <a href="#after-doctype-system-identifier-state">after DOCTYPE system identifier state</a>.</dd>
3159:
3160: <dt>U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN (>)</dt>
3161: <dd>Emit the current DOCTYPE token. Switch to the <a href="#data-state">data
3162: state</a>.</dd>
3163:
3164: <dt>EOF</dt>
3165: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Set the DOCTYPE token's
3166: <i>force-quirks flag</i> to <i>on</i>. Emit that DOCTYPE token.
3167: Reconsume the EOF character in the <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd>
3168:
3169: <dt>Anything else</dt>
3170: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Switch to the <a href="#bogus-doctype-state">bogus DOCTYPE
3171: state</a>. (This does <em>not</em> set the DOCTYPE token's
3172: <i>force-quirks flag</i> to <i>on</i>.)</dd>
3173:
3174: </dl><h5 id="bogus-doctype-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.37 </span><dfn>Bogus DOCTYPE state</dfn></h5>
3175:
3176: <p>Consume the <a href="#next-input-character">next input character</a>:</p>
3177:
3178: <dl class="switch"><dt>U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN (>)</dt>
3179: <dd>Emit the DOCTYPE token. Switch to the <a href="#data-state">data
3180: state</a>.</dd>
3181:
3182: <dt>EOF</dt>
3183: <dd>Emit the DOCTYPE token. Reconsume the EOF character in the
3184: <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd>
3185:
3186: <dt>Anything else</dt>
3187: <dd>Stay in the <a href="#bogus-doctype-state">bogus DOCTYPE state</a>.</dd>
3188:
3189: </dl><h5 id="cdata-section-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.38 </span><dfn>CDATA section state</dfn></h5>
3190:
3191: <p><i>(This can only happen if the <a href="#content-model-flag">content model
1.91 mike 3192: flag</a> is set to the PCDATA state.)</i></p>
1.1 mike 3193:
3194: <p>Consume every character up to the next occurrence of the three
3195: character sequence U+005D RIGHT SQUARE BRACKET U+005D RIGHT SQUARE
3196: BRACKET U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN (<code title="">]]></code>), or the
3197: end of the file (EOF), whichever comes first. Emit a series of
3198: character tokens consisting of all the characters consumed except
3199: the matching three character sequence at the end (if one was found
3200: before the end of the file).</p>
3201:
3202: <p>Switch to the <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</p>
3203:
3204: <p>If the end of the file was reached, reconsume the EOF
3205: character.</p>
3206:
3207:
3208:
3209: <h5 id="tokenizing-character-references"><span class="secno">9.2.4.39 </span>Tokenizing character references</h5>
3210:
3211: <p>This section defines how to <dfn id="consume-a-character-reference">consume a character
3212: reference</dfn>. This definition is used when parsing character
3213: references <a href="#character-reference-data-state" title="character reference data state">in
3214: text</a> and <a href="#character-reference-in-attribute-value-state" title="character reference in attribute value
3215: state">in attributes</a>.</p>
3216:
3217: <p>The behavior depends on the identity of the next character (the
3218: one immediately after the U+0026 AMPERSAND character):</p>
3219:
3220: <dl class="switch"><dt>U+0009 CHARACTER TABULATION</dt>
3221: <dt>U+000A LINE FEED (LF)</dt>
3222: <dt>U+000C FORM FEED (FF)</dt>
3223: <!--<dt>U+000D CARRIAGE RETURN (CR)</dt>-->
3224: <dt>U+0020 SPACE</dt>
3225: <dt>U+003C LESS-THAN SIGN</dt>
3226: <dt>U+0026 AMPERSAND</dt>
3227: <dt>EOF</dt>
3228: <dt>The <dfn id="additional-allowed-character">additional allowed character</dfn>, if there is one</dt>
3229:
3230: <dd>Not a character reference. No characters are consumed, and
3231: nothing is returned. (This is not an error, either.)</dd>
3232:
3233:
3234: <dt>U+0023 NUMBER SIGN (#)</dt>
3235:
3236: <dd>
3237:
3238: <p>Consume the U+0023 NUMBER SIGN.</p>
3239:
3240: <p>The behavior further depends on the character after the U+0023
3241: NUMBER SIGN:</p>
3242:
3243: <dl class="switch"><dt>U+0078 LATIN SMALL LETTER X</dt>
3244: <dt>U+0058 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER X</dt>
3245:
3246: <dd>
3247:
3248: <p>Consume the X.</p>
3249:
3250: <p>Follow the steps below, but using the range of characters
3251: U+0030 DIGIT ZERO through to U+0039 DIGIT NINE, U+0061 LATIN
3252: SMALL LETTER A through to U+0066 LATIN SMALL LETTER F, and
3253: U+0041 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A, through to U+0046 LATIN CAPITAL
3254: LETTER F (in other words, 0-9, A-F, a-f).</p>
3255:
3256: <p>When it comes to interpreting the number, interpret it as a
3257: hexadecimal number.</p>
3258:
3259: </dd>
3260:
3261:
3262: <dt>Anything else</dt>
3263:
3264: <dd>
3265:
3266: <p>Follow the steps below, but using the range of characters
3267: U+0030 DIGIT ZERO through to U+0039 DIGIT NINE (i.e. just
3268: 0-9).</p>
3269:
3270: <p>When it comes to interpreting the number, interpret it as a
3271: decimal number.</p>
3272:
3273: </dd>
3274:
3275: </dl><p>Consume as many characters as match the range of characters
3276: given above.</p>
3277:
3278: <p>If no characters match the range, then don't consume any
3279: characters (and unconsume the U+0023 NUMBER SIGN character and, if
3280: appropriate, the X character). This is a <a href="#parse-error">parse
3281: error</a>; nothing is returned.</p>
3282:
3283: <p>Otherwise, if the next character is a U+003B SEMICOLON, consume
3284: that too. If it isn't, there is a <a href="#parse-error">parse
3285: error</a>.</p>
3286:
3287: <p>If one or more characters match the range, then take them all
3288: and interpret the string of characters as a number (either
3289: hexadecimal or decimal as appropriate).</p>
3290:
3291: <p>If that number is one of the numbers in the first column of the
3292: following table, then this is a <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a>. Find the
3293: row with that number in the first column, and return a character
3294: token for the Unicode character given in the second column of that
3295: row.</p>
3296:
3297: <table><thead><tr><th>Number </th><th colspan="2">Unicode character
3298: </th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>0x00 </td><td>U+FFFD </td><td>REPLACEMENT CHARACTER
3299: </td></tr><tr><td>0x0D </td><td>U+000A </td><td>LINE FEED (LF)
3300: </td></tr><tr><td>0x80 </td><td>U+20AC </td><td>EURO SIGN ('€')
3301: </td></tr><tr><td>0x81 </td><td>U+0081 </td><td><control>
3302: </td></tr><tr><td>0x82 </td><td>U+201A </td><td>SINGLE LOW-9 QUOTATION MARK ('‚')
3303: </td></tr><tr><td>0x83 </td><td>U+0192 </td><td>LATIN SMALL LETTER F WITH HOOK ('ƒ')
3304: </td></tr><tr><td>0x84 </td><td>U+201E </td><td>DOUBLE LOW-9 QUOTATION MARK ('„')
3305: </td></tr><tr><td>0x85 </td><td>U+2026 </td><td>HORIZONTAL ELLIPSIS ('…')
3306: </td></tr><tr><td>0x86 </td><td>U+2020 </td><td>DAGGER ('†')
3307: </td></tr><tr><td>0x87 </td><td>U+2021 </td><td>DOUBLE DAGGER ('‡')
3308: </td></tr><tr><td>0x88 </td><td>U+02C6 </td><td>MODIFIER LETTER CIRCUMFLEX ACCENT ('ˆ')
3309: </td></tr><tr><td>0x89 </td><td>U+2030 </td><td>PER MILLE SIGN ('‰')
3310: </td></tr><tr><td>0x8A </td><td>U+0160 </td><td>LATIN CAPITAL LETTER S WITH CARON ('Š')
3311: </td></tr><tr><td>0x8B </td><td>U+2039 </td><td>SINGLE LEFT-POINTING ANGLE QUOTATION MARK ('‹')
3312: </td></tr><tr><td>0x8C </td><td>U+0152 </td><td>LATIN CAPITAL LIGATURE OE ('Œ')
3313: </td></tr><tr><td>0x8D </td><td>U+008D </td><td><control>
3314: </td></tr><tr><td>0x8E </td><td>U+017D </td><td>LATIN CAPITAL LETTER Z WITH CARON ('Ž')
3315: </td></tr><tr><td>0x8F </td><td>U+008F </td><td><control>
3316: </td></tr><tr><td>0x90 </td><td>U+0090 </td><td><control>
3317: </td></tr><tr><td>0x91 </td><td>U+2018 </td><td>LEFT SINGLE QUOTATION MARK ('‘')
3318: </td></tr><tr><td>0x92 </td><td>U+2019 </td><td>RIGHT SINGLE QUOTATION MARK ('’')
3319: </td></tr><tr><td>0x93 </td><td>U+201C </td><td>LEFT DOUBLE QUOTATION MARK ('“')
3320: </td></tr><tr><td>0x94 </td><td>U+201D </td><td>RIGHT DOUBLE QUOTATION MARK ('”')
3321: </td></tr><tr><td>0x95 </td><td>U+2022 </td><td>BULLET ('•')
3322: </td></tr><tr><td>0x96 </td><td>U+2013 </td><td>EN DASH ('–')
3323: </td></tr><tr><td>0x97 </td><td>U+2014 </td><td>EM DASH ('—')
3324: </td></tr><tr><td>0x98 </td><td>U+02DC </td><td>SMALL TILDE ('˜')
3325: </td></tr><tr><td>0x99 </td><td>U+2122 </td><td>TRADE MARK SIGN ('™')
3326: </td></tr><tr><td>0x9A </td><td>U+0161 </td><td>LATIN SMALL LETTER S WITH CARON ('š')
3327: </td></tr><tr><td>0x9B </td><td>U+203A </td><td>SINGLE RIGHT-POINTING ANGLE QUOTATION MARK ('›')
3328: </td></tr><tr><td>0x9C </td><td>U+0153 </td><td>LATIN SMALL LIGATURE OE ('œ')
3329: </td></tr><tr><td>0x9D </td><td>U+009D </td><td><control>
3330: </td></tr><tr><td>0x9E </td><td>U+017E </td><td>LATIN SMALL LETTER Z WITH CARON ('ž')
3331: </td></tr><tr><td>0x9F </td><td>U+0178 </td><td>LATIN CAPITAL LETTER Y WITH DIAERESIS ('Ÿ')
1.18 mike 3332: </td></tr></tbody></table><p>Otherwise, if the number is greater than 0x10FFFF, then this is
3333: a <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a>. Return a U+FFFD REPLACEMENT
3334: CHARACTER.</p>
3335:
3336: <p>Otherwise, return a character token for the Unicode character
1.1 mike 3337: whose code point is that number.
3338:
3339: <!-- this is the same as the equivalent list in the input stream
3340: section -->
3341: If the number is in the range 0x0001 to 0x0008, <!-- HT, LF
3342: allowed --> <!-- U+000B is in the next list --> <!-- FF, CR
3343: allowed --> 0x000E to 0x001F, <!-- ASCII allowed --> 0x007F <!--to
3344: 0x0084, (0x0085 NEL not allowed), 0x0086--> to 0x009F, 0xD800 to
3345: 0xDFFF<!-- surrogates not allowed -->, 0xFDD0 to 0xFDEF, or is one
3346: of 0x000B, 0xFFFE, 0xFFFF, 0x1FFFE, 0x1FFFF, 0x2FFFE, 0x2FFFF,
3347: 0x3FFFE, 0x3FFFF, 0x4FFFE, 0x4FFFF, 0x5FFFE, 0x5FFFF, 0x6FFFE,
3348: 0x6FFFF, 0x7FFFE, 0x7FFFF, 0x8FFFE, 0x8FFFF, 0x9FFFE, 0x9FFFF,
3349: 0xAFFFE, 0xAFFFF, 0xBFFFE, 0xBFFFF, 0xCFFFE, 0xCFFFF, 0xDFFFE,
3350: 0xDFFFF, 0xEFFFE, 0xEFFFF, 0xFFFFE, 0xFFFFF, 0x10FFFE, or
1.18 mike 3351: 0x10FFFF, then this is a <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a>.</p>
1.1 mike 3352:
3353: </dd>
3354:
3355:
3356: <dt>Anything else</dt>
3357:
3358: <dd>
3359:
3360: <p>Consume the maximum number of characters possible, with the
3361: consumed characters matching one of the identifiers in the first
3362: column of the <a href="named-character-references.html#named-character-references">named character references</a> table (in a
3363: <a href="infrastructure.html#case-sensitive">case-sensitive</a> manner).</p>
3364:
3365: <p>If no match can be made, then this is a <a href="#parse-error">parse
3366: error</a>. No characters are consumed, and nothing is
3367: returned.</p>
3368:
3369: <p>If the last character matched is not a U+003B SEMICOLON (<code title="">;</code>), there is a <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a>.</p>
3370:
3371: <p>If the character reference is being consumed <a href="#character-reference-in-attribute-value-state" title="character reference in attribute value state">as part of an
3372: attribute</a>, and the last character matched is not a U+003B
3373: SEMICOLON (<code title="">;</code>), and the next character is in
3374: the range U+0030 DIGIT ZERO to U+0039 DIGIT NINE, U+0041 LATIN
3375: CAPITAL LETTER A to U+005A LATIN CAPITAL LETTER Z, or U+0061 LATIN
3376: SMALL LETTER A to U+007A LATIN SMALL LETTER Z, then, for
3377: historical reasons, all the characters that were matched after the
3378: U+0026 AMPERSAND (&) must be unconsumed, and nothing is
3379: returned.</p>
3380:
3381: <p>Otherwise, return a character token for the character
3382: corresponding to the character reference name (as given by the
3383: second column of the <a href="named-character-references.html#named-character-references">named character references</a>
3384: table).</p>
3385:
3386: <div class="example">
3387:
3388: <p>If the markup contains <code title="">I'm &notit; I tell
3389: you</code>, the character reference is parsed as "not", as in,
3390: <code title="">I'm ¬it; I tell you</code>. But if the markup
3391: was <code title="">I'm &notin; I tell you</code>, the
3392: character reference would be parsed as "notin;", resulting in
3393: <code title="">I'm ∉ I tell you</code>.</p>
3394:
3395: </div>
3396:
3397: </dd>
3398:
3399: </dl><h4 id="tree-construction"><span class="secno">9.2.5 </span><dfn>Tree construction</dfn></h4>
3400:
3401: <p>The input to the tree construction stage is a sequence of tokens
3402: from the <a href="#tokenization">tokenization</a> stage. The tree construction
3403: stage is associated with a DOM <code>Document</code> object when a
3404: parser is created. The "output" of this stage consists of
3405: dynamically modifying or extending that document's DOM tree.</p>
3406:
3407: <p>This specification does not define when an interactive user agent
3408: has to render the <code>Document</code> so that it is available to
3409: the user, or when it has to begin accepting user input.</p>
3410:
3411: <p>As each token is emitted from the tokenizer, the user agent must
3412: process the token according to the rules given in the section
3413: corresponding to the current <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a>.</p>
3414:
3415: <p>When the steps below require the UA to <dfn id="insert-a-character">insert a
3416: character</dfn> into a node, if that node has a child immediately
3417: before where the character is to be inserted, and that child is a
3418: <code>Text</code> node, and that <code>Text</code> node was the last
3419: node that the parser inserted into the document, then the character
3420: must be appended to that <code>Text</code> node; otherwise, a new
3421: <code>Text</code> node whose data is just that character must be
3422: inserted in the appropriate place.</p>
3423:
3424: <div class="example">
3425:
3426: <p>Here are some sample inputs to the parser and the corresponding
3427: number of text nodes that they result in, assuming a user agent
3428: that executes scripts.</p>
3429:
3430: <table><thead><tr><th>Input </th><th>Number of text nodes
3431: </th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td><pre>A<script>
3432: var script = document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0];
3433: document.body.removeChild(script);
3434: </script>B</pre>
3435: </td><td>Two adjacent text nodes in the document, containing "A" and "B".
3436: </td></tr><tr><td><pre>A<script>
3437: var text = document.createTextNode('B');
3438: document.body.appendChild(text);
3439: </script>C</pre>
3440: </td><td>Four text nodes; "A" before the script, the script's contents, "B" after the script, and then, immediately after that, "C".
3441: </td></tr><tr><td><pre>A<script>
3442: var text = document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0].firstChild;
3443: text.data = 'B';
3444: document.body.appendChild(text);
3445: </script>B</pre>
3446: </td><td>Two adjacent text nodes in the document, containing "A" and "BB".
3447: </td></tr><tr><td><pre>A<table>B<tr>C</tr>C</table></pre>
3448: </td><td>Three adjacent text nodes before the table, containing "A", "B", and "CC" respectively. (This is caused by <a href="#foster-parent" title="foster parent">foster parenting</a>.)
3449: </td></tr><tr><td><pre>A<table><tr> B</tr> B</table></pre>
3450: </td><td>Two adjacent text nodes before the table, containing "A" and " B B" (space-B-space-B) respectively. (This is caused by <a href="#foster-parent" title="foster parent">foster parenting</a>.)
3451: </td></tr><tr><td><pre>A<table><tr> B</tr> </em>C</table></pre>
3452: </td><td>Three adjacent text nodes before the table, containing "A", " B" (space-B), and "C" respectively, and one text node inside the table (as a child of a <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tbody-element">tbody</a></code>) with a single space character. (Space characters separated from non-space characters by non-character tokens are not affected by <a href="#foster-parent" title="foster parent">foster parenting</a>, even if those other tokens then get ignored.)
3453: </td></tr></tbody></table></div>
3454:
3455: <p id="mutation-during-parsing">DOM mutation events must not fire
3456: for changes caused by the UA parsing the document. (Conceptually,
3457: the parser is not mutating the DOM, it is constructing it.) This
1.94 mike 3458: includes the parsing of any content inserted using <code title="dom-document-write"><a href="dom.html#dom-document-write">document.write()</a></code> and <code title="dom-document-writeln"><a href="dom.html#dom-document-writeln">document.writeln()</a></code> calls. <a href="references.html#references">[DOMEVENTS]</a></p>
1.1 mike 3459:
3460: <p class="note">Not all of the tag names mentioned below are
3461: conformant tag names in this specification; many are included to
3462: handle legacy content. They still form part of the algorithm that
3463: implementations are required to implement to claim conformance.</p>
3464:
3465: <p class="note">The algorithm described below places no limit on the
3466: depth of the DOM tree generated, or on the length of tag names,
3467: attribute names, attribute values, text nodes, etc. While
3468: implementors are encouraged to avoid arbitrary limits, it is
3469: recognized that <a href="infrastructure.html#hardwareLimitations">practical
3470: concerns</a> will likely force user agents to impose nesting
3471: depths.</p>
3472:
3473:
3474: <h5 id="creating-and-inserting-elements"><span class="secno">9.2.5.1 </span>Creating and inserting elements</h5>
3475:
3476: <p>When the steps below require the UA to <dfn id="create-an-element-for-the-token" title="create an
3477: element for the token">create an element for a token</dfn> in a
3478: particular namespace, the UA must create a node implementing the
3479: interface appropriate for the element type corresponding to the tag
3480: name of the token in the given namespace (as given in the
3481: specification that defines that element, e.g. for an <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-a-element">a</a></code>
3482: element in the <a href="#html-namespace-0">HTML namespace</a>, this specification
3483: defines it to be the <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#htmlanchorelement">HTMLAnchorElement</a></code> interface), with
3484: the tag name being the name of that element, with the node being in
3485: the given namespace, and with the attributes on the node being those
3486: given in the given token.</p>
3487:
3488: <p>The interface appropriate for an element in the <a href="#html-namespace-0">HTML
3489: namespace</a> that is not defined in this specification is
1.44 mike 3490: <code><a href="dom.html#htmlunknownelement">HTMLUnknownElement</a></code>. Element in other namespaces whose
1.1 mike 3491: interface is not defined by that namespace's specification must use
3492: the interface <code>Element</code>.</p>
3493:
3494: <p>When a <a href="forms.html#category-reset" title="category-reset">resettable</a> element is
3495: created in this manner, its <a href="forms.html#concept-form-reset-control" title="concept-form-reset-control">reset algorithm</a> must be
3496: invoked once the attributes are set. (This initializes the element's
3497: <a href="forms.html#concept-fe-value" title="concept-fe-value">value</a> and <a href="forms.html#concept-fe-checked" title="concept-fe-checked">checkedness</a> based on the element's
3498: attributes.)</p>
3499:
3500: <hr><p>When the steps below require the UA to <dfn id="insert-an-html-element">insert an HTML
3501: element</dfn> for a token, the UA must first <a href="#create-an-element-for-the-token">create an element
3502: for the token</a> in the <a href="#html-namespace-0">HTML namespace</a>, and then
3503: append this node to the <a href="#current-node">current node</a>, and push it onto
3504: the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> so that it is the new
3505: <a href="#current-node">current node</a>.</p>
3506:
3507: <p>The steps below may also require that the UA insert an HTML
3508: element in a particular place, in which case the UA must follow the
3509: same steps except that it must insert or append the new node in the
3510: location specified instead of appending it to the <a href="#current-node">current
3511: node</a>. (This happens in particular during the parsing of
3512: tables with invalid content.)</p>
3513:
3514: <p>If an element created by the <a href="#insert-an-html-element">insert an HTML element</a>
3515: algorithm is a <a href="forms.html#form-associated-element">form-associated element</a>, and the
3516: <a href="#form-element-pointer"><code title="">form</code> element pointer</a> is not null,
3517: and the newly created element doesn't have a <code title="attr-fae-form"><a href="forms.html#attr-fae-form">form</a></code> attribute, the user agent must
3518: <a href="forms.html#concept-form-association" title="concept-form-association">associate</a> the newly
3519: created element with the <code><a href="forms.html#the-form-element">form</a></code> element pointed to by the
3520: <a href="#form-element-pointer"><code title="">form</code> element pointer</a> before
3521: inserting it wherever it is to be inserted.</p>
3522:
3523: <hr><p>When the steps below require the UA to <dfn id="insert-a-foreign-element">insert a foreign
3524: element</dfn> for a token, the UA must first <a href="#create-an-element-for-the-token">create an element
3525: for the token</a> in the given namespace, and then append this
3526: node to the <a href="#current-node">current node</a>, and push it onto the
3527: <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> so that it is the new
3528: <a href="#current-node">current node</a>. If the newly created element has an <code title="">xmlns</code> attribute in the <a href="#xmlns-namespace">XMLNS namespace</a>
3529: whose value is not exactly the same as the element's namespace, that
3530: is a <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a>. Similarly, if the newly created
3531: element has an <code title="">xmlns:xlink</code> attribute in the
3532: <a href="#xmlns-namespace">XMLNS namespace</a> whose value is not the <a href="#xlink-namespace">XLink
3533: Namespace</a>, that is a <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a>.</p>
3534:
3535: <p>When the steps below require the user agent to <dfn id="adjust-mathml-attributes">adjust MathML
3536: attributes</dfn> for a token, then, if the token has an attribute
3537: named <code title="">definitionurl</code>, change its name to <code title="">definitionURL</code> (note the case difference).</p>
3538:
3539: <p>When the steps below require the user agent to <dfn id="adjust-svg-attributes">adjust SVG
3540: attributes</dfn> for a token, then, for each attribute on the token
3541: whose attribute name is one of the ones in the first column of the
3542: following table, change the attribute's name to the name given in
3543: the corresponding cell in the second column. (This fixes the case of
3544: SVG attributes that are not all lowercase.)</p>
3545:
3546: <table><thead><tr><th> Attribute name on token </th><th> Attribute name on element
3547: </th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td> <code title="">attributename</code> </td><td> <code title="">attributeName</code>
3548: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">attributetype</code> </td><td> <code title="">attributeType</code>
3549: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">basefrequency</code> </td><td> <code title="">baseFrequency</code>
3550: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">baseprofile</code> </td><td> <code title="">baseProfile</code>
3551: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">calcmode</code> </td><td> <code title="">calcMode</code>
3552: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">clippathunits</code> </td><td> <code title="">clipPathUnits</code>
3553: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">contentscripttype</code> </td><td> <code title="">contentScriptType</code>
3554: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">contentstyletype</code> </td><td> <code title="">contentStyleType</code>
3555: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">diffuseconstant</code> </td><td> <code title="">diffuseConstant</code>
3556: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">edgemode</code> </td><td> <code title="">edgeMode</code>
3557: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">externalresourcesrequired</code> </td><td> <code title="">externalResourcesRequired</code>
3558: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">filterres</code> </td><td> <code title="">filterRes</code>
3559: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">filterunits</code> </td><td> <code title="">filterUnits</code>
3560: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">glyphref</code> </td><td> <code title="">glyphRef</code>
3561: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">gradienttransform</code> </td><td> <code title="">gradientTransform</code>
3562: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">gradientunits</code> </td><td> <code title="">gradientUnits</code>
3563: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">kernelmatrix</code> </td><td> <code title="">kernelMatrix</code>
3564: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">kernelunitlength</code> </td><td> <code title="">kernelUnitLength</code>
3565: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">keypoints</code> </td><td> <code title="">keyPoints</code>
3566: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">keysplines</code> </td><td> <code title="">keySplines</code>
3567: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">keytimes</code> </td><td> <code title="">keyTimes</code>
3568: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">lengthadjust</code> </td><td> <code title="">lengthAdjust</code>
3569: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">limitingconeangle</code> </td><td> <code title="">limitingConeAngle</code>
3570: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">markerheight</code> </td><td> <code title="">markerHeight</code>
3571: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">markerunits</code> </td><td> <code title="">markerUnits</code>
3572: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">markerwidth</code> </td><td> <code title="">markerWidth</code>
3573: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">maskcontentunits</code> </td><td> <code title="">maskContentUnits</code>
3574: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">maskunits</code> </td><td> <code title="">maskUnits</code>
3575: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">numoctaves</code> </td><td> <code title="">numOctaves</code>
3576: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">pathlength</code> </td><td> <code title="">pathLength</code>
3577: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">patterncontentunits</code> </td><td> <code title="">patternContentUnits</code>
3578: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">patterntransform</code> </td><td> <code title="">patternTransform</code>
3579: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">patternunits</code> </td><td> <code title="">patternUnits</code>
3580: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">pointsatx</code> </td><td> <code title="">pointsAtX</code>
3581: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">pointsaty</code> </td><td> <code title="">pointsAtY</code>
3582: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">pointsatz</code> </td><td> <code title="">pointsAtZ</code>
3583: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">preservealpha</code> </td><td> <code title="">preserveAlpha</code>
3584: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">preserveaspectratio</code> </td><td> <code title="">preserveAspectRatio</code>
3585: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">primitiveunits</code> </td><td> <code title="">primitiveUnits</code>
3586: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">refx</code> </td><td> <code title="">refX</code>
3587: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">refy</code> </td><td> <code title="">refY</code>
3588: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">repeatcount</code> </td><td> <code title="">repeatCount</code>
3589: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">repeatdur</code> </td><td> <code title="">repeatDur</code>
3590: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">requiredextensions</code> </td><td> <code title="">requiredExtensions</code>
3591: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">requiredfeatures</code> </td><td> <code title="">requiredFeatures</code>
3592: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">specularconstant</code> </td><td> <code title="">specularConstant</code>
3593: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">specularexponent</code> </td><td> <code title="">specularExponent</code>
3594: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">spreadmethod</code> </td><td> <code title="">spreadMethod</code>
3595: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">startoffset</code> </td><td> <code title="">startOffset</code>
3596: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">stddeviation</code> </td><td> <code title="">stdDeviation</code>
3597: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">stitchtiles</code> </td><td> <code title="">stitchTiles</code>
3598: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">surfacescale</code> </td><td> <code title="">surfaceScale</code>
3599: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">systemlanguage</code> </td><td> <code title="">systemLanguage</code>
3600: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">tablevalues</code> </td><td> <code title="">tableValues</code>
3601: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">targetx</code> </td><td> <code title="">targetX</code>
3602: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">targety</code> </td><td> <code title="">targetY</code>
3603: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">textlength</code> </td><td> <code title="">textLength</code>
3604: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">viewbox</code> </td><td> <code title="">viewBox</code>
3605: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">viewtarget</code> </td><td> <code title="">viewTarget</code>
3606: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">xchannelselector</code> </td><td> <code title="">xChannelSelector</code>
3607: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">ychannelselector</code> </td><td> <code title="">yChannelSelector</code>
3608: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">zoomandpan</code> </td><td> <code title="">zoomAndPan</code>
3609: </td></tr></tbody></table><p>When the steps below require the user agent to <dfn id="adjust-foreign-attributes">adjust
3610: foreign attributes</dfn> for a token, then, if any of the attributes
3611: on the token match the strings given in the first column of the
3612: following table, let the attribute be a namespaced attribute, with
3613: the prefix being the string given in the corresponding cell in the
3614: second column, the local name being the string given in the
3615: corresponding cell in the third column, and the namespace being the
3616: namespace given in the corresponding cell in the fourth
3617: column. (This fixes the use of namespaced attributes, in particular
3618: <a href="dom.html#attr-xml-lang" title="attr-xml-lang"><code title="">lang</code> attributes in
3619: the <span>XML namespace</span></a>.)</p>
3620:
3621: <table><thead><tr><th> Attribute name </th><th> Prefix </th><th> Local name </th><th> Namespace
3622: </th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td> <code title="">xlink:actuate</code> </td><td> <code title="">xlink</code> </td><td> <code title="">actuate</code> </td><td> <a href="#xlink-namespace">XLink namespace</a>
3623: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">xlink:arcrole</code> </td><td> <code title="">xlink</code> </td><td> <code title="">arcrole</code> </td><td> <a href="#xlink-namespace">XLink namespace</a>
3624: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">xlink:href</code> </td><td> <code title="">xlink</code> </td><td> <code title="">href</code> </td><td> <a href="#xlink-namespace">XLink namespace</a>
3625: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">xlink:role</code> </td><td> <code title="">xlink</code> </td><td> <code title="">role</code> </td><td> <a href="#xlink-namespace">XLink namespace</a>
3626: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">xlink:show</code> </td><td> <code title="">xlink</code> </td><td> <code title="">show</code> </td><td> <a href="#xlink-namespace">XLink namespace</a>
3627: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">xlink:title</code> </td><td> <code title="">xlink</code> </td><td> <code title="">title</code> </td><td> <a href="#xlink-namespace">XLink namespace</a>
3628: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">xlink:type</code> </td><td> <code title="">xlink</code> </td><td> <code title="">type</code> </td><td> <a href="#xlink-namespace">XLink namespace</a>
3629: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">xml:base</code> </td><td> <code title="">xml</code> </td><td> <code title="">base</code> </td><td> <a href="#xml-namespace">XML namespace</a> <!-- attr-xml-base -->
3630: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">xml:lang</code> </td><td> <code title="">xml</code> </td><td> <code title="">lang</code> </td><td> <a href="#xml-namespace">XML namespace</a>
3631: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">xml:space</code> </td><td> <code title="">xml</code> </td><td> <code title="">space</code> </td><td> <a href="#xml-namespace">XML namespace</a>
3632: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">xmlns</code> </td><td> (none) </td><td> <code title="">xmlns</code> </td><td> <a href="#xmlns-namespace">XMLNS namespace</a>
3633: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">xmlns:xlink</code> </td><td> <code title="">xmlns</code> </td><td> <code title="">xlink</code> </td><td> <a href="#xmlns-namespace">XMLNS namespace</a>
1.91 mike 3634: </td></tr></tbody></table><hr><p>The <dfn id="generic-raw-text-element-parsing-algorithm">generic raw text element parsing algorithm</dfn> and the
1.1 mike 3635: <dfn id="generic-rcdata-element-parsing-algorithm">generic RCDATA element parsing algorithm</dfn> consist of the
3636: following steps. These algorithms are always invoked in response to
3637: a start tag token.</p>
3638:
3639: <ol><li><p><a href="#insert-an-html-element">Insert an HTML element</a> for the token.</p></li>
3640:
1.91 mike 3641: <li><p>If the algorithm that was invoked is the <a href="#generic-raw-text-element-parsing-algorithm">generic raw
3642: text element parsing algorithm</a>, switch the tokenizer's
3643: <a href="#content-model-flag">content model flag</a> to the RAWTEXT state; otherwise the
1.1 mike 3644: algorithm invoked was the <a href="#generic-rcdata-element-parsing-algorithm">generic RCDATA element parsing
3645: algorithm</a>, switch the tokenizer's <a href="#content-model-flag">content model
3646: flag</a> to the RCDATA state.</p></li>
3647:
3648: <li><p>Let the <a href="#original-insertion-mode">original insertion mode</a> be the current
3649: <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a>.</p>
3650:
1.91 mike 3651: </li><li><p>Then, switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to "<a href="#parsing-main-incdata" title="insertion mode: in RAWTEXT/RCDATA">in
3652: RAWTEXT/RCDATA</a>".</p></li>
1.1 mike 3653:
3654: </ol><h5 id="closing-elements-that-have-implied-end-tags"><span class="secno">9.2.5.2 </span>Closing elements that have implied end tags</h5>
3655:
3656: <p>When the steps below require the UA to <dfn id="generate-implied-end-tags">generate implied end
3657: tags</dfn>, then, while the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> is a
3658: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-dd-element">dd</a></code> element, a <code><a href="semantics.html#the-dt-element">dt</a></code> element, an
3659: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-li-element">li</a></code> element, an <code><a href="forms.html#the-option-element">option</a></code> element, an
3660: <code><a href="forms.html#the-optgroup-element">optgroup</a></code> element, a <code><a href="semantics.html#the-p-element">p</a></code> element, an
3661: <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-rp-element">rp</a></code> element, or an <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-rt-element">rt</a></code> element, the UA must
3662: pop the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> off the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open
3663: elements</a>.</p>
3664:
3665: <p>If a step requires the UA to generate implied end tags but lists
3666: an element to exclude from the process, then the UA must perform the
3667: above steps as if that element was not in the above list.</p>
3668:
3669:
3670: <h5 id="foster-parenting"><span class="secno">9.2.5.3 </span>Foster parenting</h5>
3671:
3672: <p>Foster parenting happens when content is misnested in tables.</p>
3673:
3674: <p>When a node <var title="">node</var> is to be <dfn id="foster-parent" title="foster
3675: parent">foster parented</dfn>, the node <var title="">node</var>
3676: must be inserted into the <i><a href="#foster-parent-element">foster parent element</a></i>.</p>
3677:
3678: <p>The <dfn id="foster-parent-element">foster parent element</dfn> is the parent element of the
3679: last <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-table-element">table</a></code> element in the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open
3680: elements</a>, if there is a <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-table-element">table</a></code> element and it has
3681: such a parent element. If there is no <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-table-element">table</a></code> element in
3682: the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> (<a href="#fragment-case">fragment
3683: case</a>), then the <i><a href="#foster-parent-element">foster parent element</a></i> is the first
3684: element in the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> (the
3685: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element">html</a></code> element). Otherwise, if there is a
3686: <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-table-element">table</a></code> element in the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open
3687: elements</a>, but the last <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-table-element">table</a></code> element in the
3688: <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> has no parent, or its parent
3689: node is not an element, then the <i><a href="#foster-parent-element">foster parent element</a></i> is
3690: the element before the last <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-table-element">table</a></code> element in the
3691: <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a>.</p>
3692:
3693: <p>If the <i><a href="#foster-parent-element">foster parent element</a></i> is the parent element of the
3694: last <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-table-element">table</a></code> element in the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open
3695: elements</a>, then <var title="">node</var> must be inserted
3696: immediately <em>before</em> the last <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-table-element">table</a></code> element in
3697: the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> in the <i><a href="#foster-parent-element">foster parent
3698: element</a></i>; otherwise, <var title="">node</var> must be
3699: <em>appended</em> to the <i><a href="#foster-parent-element">foster parent element</a></i>.</p>
3700:
3701:
3702:
3703: <h5 id="the-initial-insertion-mode"><span class="secno">9.2.5.4 </span>The "<dfn title="insertion mode: initial">initial</dfn>" insertion mode</h5>
3704:
3705: <p>When the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> is "<a href="#the-initial-insertion-mode" title="insertion
3706: mode: initial">initial</a>", tokens must be handled as follows:</p>
3707:
3708: <dl class="switch"><dt>A character token that is one of U+0009 CHARACTER
3709: TABULATION, U+000A LINE FEED (LF), U+000C FORM FEED (FF),
3710: <!--U+000D CARRIAGE RETURN (CR),--> or U+0020 SPACE</dt>
3711: <dd>
3712: <p>Ignore the token.</p>
3713: </dd>
3714:
3715: <dt>A comment token</dt>
3716: <dd>
3717: <p>Append a <code>Comment</code> node to the <code>Document</code>
3718: object with the <code title="">data</code> attribute set to the
3719: data given in the comment token.</p>
3720: </dd>
3721:
3722: <dt>A DOCTYPE token</dt>
3723: <dd>
3724:
3725: <p>If the DOCTYPE token's name is not a
3726: <a href="infrastructure.html#case-sensitive">case-sensitive</a> match for the string "<code title="">html</code>", or the token's public identifier is not
3727: missing, or the token's system identifier is neither missing nor a
3728: <a href="infrastructure.html#case-sensitive">case-sensitive</a> match for the string
3729: "<code>about:legacy-compat</code>", and none of the sets of
3730: conditions in the following list are matched, then there is a
3731: <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a>. If one of the sets of conditions in the
3732: following list is matched, then there is an <dfn id="obsolete-permitted-doctype">obsolete
3733: permitted DOCTYPE</dfn>.</p>
3734:
3735: <ul><!-- only things that trigger no-quirks mode and were valid in
3736: some other spec are allowed in this list --><li>The DOCTYPE token's name is an <a href="infrastructure.html#ascii-case-insensitive">ASCII
1.98 mike 3737: case-insensitive</a> match for the string "<code title="">html</code>", the token's public identifier is the
1.1 mike 3738: <a href="infrastructure.html#case-sensitive">case-sensitive</a> string "<code title="">-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0//EN</code>", and the
3739: token's system identifier is either missing or the
3740: <a href="infrastructure.html#case-sensitive">case-sensitive</a> string "<code title="">http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40/strict.dtd</code>".</li>
3741:
3742: <li>The DOCTYPE token's name is an <a href="infrastructure.html#ascii-case-insensitive">ASCII
1.98 mike 3743: case-insensitive</a> match for the string "<code title="">html</code>", the token's public identifier is the
1.1 mike 3744: <a href="infrastructure.html#case-sensitive">case-sensitive</a> string "<code title="">-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN</code>", and the
3745: token's system identifier is either missing or the
3746: <a href="infrastructure.html#case-sensitive">case-sensitive</a> string "<code title="">http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/strict.dtd</code>".</li>
3747:
3748: <li>The DOCTYPE token's name is an <a href="infrastructure.html#ascii-case-insensitive">ASCII
1.98 mike 3749: case-insensitive</a> match for the string "<code title="">html</code>", the token's public identifier is the
1.1 mike 3750: <a href="infrastructure.html#case-sensitive">case-sensitive</a> string "<code title="">-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN</code>",
3751: and the token's system identifier is the
3752: <a href="infrastructure.html#case-sensitive">case-sensitive</a> string "<code title="">http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd</code>".</li>
3753:
3754: <li>The DOCTYPE token's name is an <a href="infrastructure.html#ascii-case-insensitive">ASCII
1.98 mike 3755: case-insensitive</a> match for the string "<code title="">html</code>", the token's public identifier is the
1.1 mike 3756: <a href="infrastructure.html#case-sensitive">case-sensitive</a> string "<code title="">-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.1//EN</code>", and the
3757: token's system identifier is the <a href="infrastructure.html#case-sensitive">case-sensitive</a>
3758: string "<code title="">http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml11/DTD/xhtml11.dtd</code>".</li>
3759:
3760: </ul><p>Conformance checkers may, based on the values (including
3761: presence or lack thereof) of the DOCTYPE token's name, public
3762: identifier, or system identifier, switch to a conformance checking
3763: mode for another language (e.g. based on the DOCTYPE token a
3764: conformance checker could recognize that the document is an
3765: HTML 4-era document, and defer to an HTML 4 conformance
3766: checker.)</p>
3767:
3768: <p>Append a <code>DocumentType</code> node to the
3769: <code>Document</code> node, with the <code title="">name</code>
3770: attribute set to the name given in the DOCTYPE token, or the empty
3771: string if the name was missing; the <code title="">publicId</code>
3772: attribute set to the public identifier given in the DOCTYPE token,
3773: or the empty string if the public identifier was missing; the
3774: <code title="">systemId</code> attribute set to the system
3775: identifier given in the DOCTYPE token, or the empty string if the
3776: system identifier was missing; and the other attributes specific
3777: to <code>DocumentType</code> objects set to null and empty lists
3778: as appropriate. Associate the <code>DocumentType</code> node with
3779: the <code>Document</code> object so that it is returned as the
3780: value of the <code title="">doctype</code> attribute of the
3781: <code>Document</code> object.</p>
3782:
3783: <p id="quirks-mode-doctypes">Then, if the DOCTYPE token matches
3784: one of the conditions in the following list, then set the
3785: <code>Document</code> to <a href="dom.html#quirks-mode">quirks mode</a>:</p>
3786:
3787: <ul class="brief"><li> The <i>force-quirks flag</i> is set to <i>on</i>. </li>
3788: <li> The name is set to anything other than "<code title="">HTML</code>". </li>
3789: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">+//Silmaril//dtd html Pro v0r11 19970101//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
3790: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//AdvaSoft Ltd//DTD HTML 3.0 asWedit + extensions//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
3791: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//AS//DTD HTML 3.0 asWedit + extensions//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
3792: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//IETF//DTD HTML 2.0 Level 1//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
3793: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//IETF//DTD HTML 2.0 Level 2//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
3794: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//IETF//DTD HTML 2.0 Strict Level 1//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
3795: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//IETF//DTD HTML 2.0 Strict Level 2//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
3796: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//IETF//DTD HTML 2.0 Strict//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
3797: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//IETF//DTD HTML 2.0//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
3798: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//IETF//DTD HTML 2.1E//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
3799: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//IETF//DTD HTML 3.0//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
3800: <!--<li> The public identifier is set to: "<code title="">-//IETF//DTD HTML 3.0//EN//</code>" </li>-->
3801: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//IETF//DTD HTML 3.2 Final//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
3802: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//IETF//DTD HTML 3.2//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
3803: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//IETF//DTD HTML 3//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
3804: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//IETF//DTD HTML Level 0//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
3805: <!--<li> The public identifier is set to: "<code title="">-//IETF//DTD HTML Level 0//EN//2.0</code>" </li>-->
3806: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//IETF//DTD HTML Level 1//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
3807: <!--<li> The public identifier is set to: "<code title="">-//IETF//DTD HTML Level 1//EN//2.0</code>" </li>-->
3808: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//IETF//DTD HTML Level 2//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
3809: <!--<li> The public identifier is set to: "<code title="">-//IETF//DTD HTML Level 2//EN//2.0</code>" </li>-->
3810: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//IETF//DTD HTML Level 3//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
3811: <!--<li> The public identifier is set to: "<code title="">-//IETF//DTD HTML Level 3//EN//3.0</code>" </li>-->
3812: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//IETF//DTD HTML Strict Level 0//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
3813: <!--<li> The public identifier is set to: "<code title="">-//IETF//DTD HTML Strict Level 0//EN//2.0</code>" </li>-->
3814: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//IETF//DTD HTML Strict Level 1//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
3815: <!--<li> The public identifier is set to: "<code title="">-//IETF//DTD HTML Strict Level 1//EN//2.0</code>" </li>-->
3816: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//IETF//DTD HTML Strict Level 2//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
3817: <!--<li> The public identifier is set to: "<code title="">-//IETF//DTD HTML Strict Level 2//EN//2.0</code>" </li>-->
3818: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//IETF//DTD HTML Strict Level 3//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
3819: <!--<li> The public identifier is set to: "<code title="">-//IETF//DTD HTML Strict Level 3//EN//3.0</code>" </li>-->
3820: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//IETF//DTD HTML Strict//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
3821: <!--<li> The public identifier is set to: "<code title="">-//IETF//DTD HTML Strict//EN//2.0</code>" </li>-->
3822: <!--<li> The public identifier is set to: "<code title="">-//IETF//DTD HTML Strict//EN//3.0</code>" </li>-->
3823: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//IETF//DTD HTML//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
3824: <!--<li> The public identifier is set to: "<code title="">-//IETF//DTD HTML//EN//2.0</code>" </li>-->
3825: <!--<li> The public identifier is set to: "<code title="">-//IETF//DTD HTML//EN//3.0</code>" </li>-->
3826: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//Metrius//DTD Metrius Presentational//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
3827: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//Microsoft//DTD Internet Explorer 2.0 HTML Strict//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
3828: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//Microsoft//DTD Internet Explorer 2.0 HTML//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
3829: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//Microsoft//DTD Internet Explorer 2.0 Tables//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
3830: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//Microsoft//DTD Internet Explorer 3.0 HTML Strict//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
3831: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//Microsoft//DTD Internet Explorer 3.0 HTML//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
3832: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//Microsoft//DTD Internet Explorer 3.0 Tables//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
3833: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//Netscape Comm. Corp.//DTD HTML//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
3834: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//Netscape Comm. Corp.//DTD Strict HTML//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
3835: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//O'Reilly and Associates//DTD HTML 2.0//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
3836: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//O'Reilly and Associates//DTD HTML Extended 1.0//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
3837: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//O'Reilly and Associates//DTD HTML Extended Relaxed 1.0//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
3838: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//SoftQuad Software//DTD HoTMetaL PRO 6.0::19990601::extensions to HTML 4.0//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
3839: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//SoftQuad//DTD HoTMetaL PRO 4.0::19971010::extensions to HTML 4.0//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
3840: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//Spyglass//DTD HTML 2.0 Extended//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
3841: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//SQ//DTD HTML 2.0 HoTMetaL + extensions//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
3842: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//Sun Microsystems Corp.//DTD HotJava HTML//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
3843: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//Sun Microsystems Corp.//DTD HotJava Strict HTML//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
3844: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//W3C//DTD HTML 3 1995-03-24//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
3845: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//W3C//DTD HTML 3.2 Draft//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
3846: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//W3C//DTD HTML 3.2 Final//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
3847: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//W3C//DTD HTML 3.2//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
3848: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//W3C//DTD HTML 3.2S Draft//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
3849: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Frameset//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
3850: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
3851: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//W3C//DTD HTML Experimental 19960712//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
3852: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//W3C//DTD HTML Experimental 970421//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
3853: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//W3C//DTD W3 HTML//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
3854: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//W3O//DTD W3 HTML 3.0//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
3855: <!--<li> The public identifier is set to: "<code title="">-//W3O//DTD W3 HTML 3.0//EN//</code>" </li>-->
3856: <li> The public identifier is set to: "<code title="">-//W3O//DTD W3 HTML Strict 3.0//EN//</code>" </li>
3857: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//WebTechs//DTD Mozilla HTML 2.0//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
3858: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//WebTechs//DTD Mozilla HTML//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
3859: <li> The public identifier is set to: "<code title="">-/W3C/DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional/EN</code>" </li>
3860: <li> The public identifier is set to: "<code title="">HTML</code>" </li>
3861: <li> The system identifier is set to: "<code title="">http://www.ibm.com/data/dtd/v11/ibmxhtml1-transitional.dtd</code>" </li>
3862: <li> The system identifier is missing and the public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Frameset//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
3863: <li> The system identifier is missing and the public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
3864: </ul><p>Otherwise, if the DOCTYPE token matches one of the conditions
3865: in the following list, then set the <code>Document</code> to
3866: <a href="dom.html#limited-quirks-mode">limited quirks mode</a>:</p>
3867:
3868: <ul class="brief"><li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Frameset//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
3869: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
3870: <li> The system identifier is not missing and the public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Frameset//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
3871: <li> The system identifier is not missing and the public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
3872: </ul><p>The name, system identifier, and public identifier strings must
3873: be compared to the values given in the lists above in an
3874: <a href="infrastructure.html#ascii-case-insensitive">ASCII case-insensitive</a> manner. A system identifier
3875: whose value is the empty string is not considered missing for the
3876: purposes of the conditions above.</p>
3877:
3878: <p>Then, switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to "<a href="#the-before-html-insertion-mode" title="insertion mode: before html">before html</a>".</p>
3879:
3880: </dd>
3881:
3882: <dt>Anything else</dt>
3883: <dd>
3884:
3885: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>.</p>
3886:
3887: <p>Set the <code>Document</code> to <a href="dom.html#quirks-mode">quirks mode</a>.</p>
3888:
3889: <p>Switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to "<a href="#the-before-html-insertion-mode" title="insertion mode: before html">before html</a>", then
3890: reprocess the current token.</p>
3891:
3892: </dd>
3893:
3894: </dl><h5 id="the-before-html-insertion-mode"><span class="secno">9.2.5.5 </span>The "<dfn title="insertion mode: before html">before html</dfn>" insertion mode</h5>
3895:
3896: <p>When the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> is "<a href="#the-before-html-insertion-mode" title="insertion
3897: mode: before html">before html</a>", tokens must be handled as follows:</p>
3898:
3899: <dl class="switch"><dt>A DOCTYPE token</dt>
3900: <dd>
3901: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Ignore the token.</p>
3902: </dd>
3903:
3904: <dt>A comment token</dt>
3905: <dd>
3906: <p>Append a <code>Comment</code> node to the <code>Document</code>
3907: object with the <code title="">data</code> attribute set to the
3908: data given in the comment token.</p>
3909: </dd>
3910:
3911: <dt>A character token that is one of U+0009 CHARACTER
3912: TABULATION, U+000A LINE FEED (LF), U+000C FORM FEED (FF),
3913: <!--U+000D CARRIAGE RETURN (CR),--> or U+0020 SPACE</dt>
3914: <dd>
3915: <p>Ignore the token.</p>
3916: </dd>
3917:
3918: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "html"</dt>
3919: <dd>
3920:
3921: <p><a href="#create-an-element-for-the-token">Create an element for the token</a> in the <a href="#html-namespace-0">HTML
3922: namespace</a>. Append it to the <code>Document</code>
3923: object. Put this element in the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open
3924: elements</a>.</p>
3925:
3926: <p id="parser-appcache">If the <code>Document</code> is being
3927: loaded as part of <a href="history.html#navigate" title="navigate">navigation</a> of a
3928: <a href="browsers.html#browsing-context">browsing context</a>, then: if the newly created element
3929: has a <code title="attr-html-manifest"><a href="semantics.html#attr-html-manifest">manifest</a></code> attribute,
3930: then <a href="infrastructure.html#resolve-a-url" title="resolve a url">resolve</a> the value of that
3931: attribute to an <a href="infrastructure.html#absolute-url">absolute URL</a>, relative to the newly
3932: created element, and if that is successful, run the <a href="offline.html#concept-appcache-init" title="concept-appcache-init">application cache selection
1.29 mike 3933: algorithm</a> with the resulting <a href="infrastructure.html#absolute-url">absolute URL</a> with
3934: any <a href="infrastructure.html#url-fragment" title="url-fragment"><fragment></a> component
3935: removed; otherwise, if there is no such attribute or resolving it
3936: fails, run the <a href="offline.html#concept-appcache-init" title="concept-appcache-init">application
3937: cache selection algorithm</a> with no manifest. The algorithm
3938: must be passed the <code>Document</code> object.</p>
1.1 mike 3939:
3940: <p>Switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to "<a href="#the-before-head-insertion-mode" title="insertion mode: before head">before head</a>".</p>
3941:
3942: </dd>
3943:
3944: <dt>Anything else</dt>
3945: <dd>
3946:
3947: <p>Create an <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element">html</a></code> element. Append it to the
3948: <code>Document</code> object. Put this element in the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack
3949: of open elements</a>.</p>
3950:
3951: <p>If the <code>Document</code> is being loaded as part of <a href="history.html#navigate" title="navigate">navigation</a> of a <a href="browsers.html#browsing-context">browsing
3952: context</a>, then: run the <a href="offline.html#concept-appcache-init" title="concept-appcache-init">application cache selection
3953: algorithm</a> with no manifest, passing it the
3954: <code>Document</code> object.</p>
3955:
3956: <p>Switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to "<a href="#the-before-head-insertion-mode" title="insertion mode: before head">before head</a>", then
3957: reprocess the current token.</p>
3958:
3959: <p class="XXX">Should probably make end tags be ignored, so
3960: that "</head><!-- --><html>" puts the comment before the
3961: root node (or should we?)</p>
3962:
3963: </dd>
3964:
3965: </dl><p>The root element can end up being removed from the
3966: <code>Document</code> object, e.g. by scripts; nothing in particular
3967: happens in such cases, content continues being appended to the nodes
3968: as described in the next section.</p>
3969:
3970:
3971: <h5 id="the-before-head-insertion-mode"><span class="secno">9.2.5.6 </span>The "<dfn title="insertion mode: before head">before head</dfn>" insertion mode</h5>
3972:
3973: <p>When the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> is "<a href="#the-before-head-insertion-mode" title="insertion
3974: mode: before head">before head</a>", tokens must be handled as follows:</p>
3975:
3976: <dl class="switch"><dt>A character token that is one of U+0009 CHARACTER
3977: TABULATION, U+000A LINE FEED (LF), U+000C FORM FEED (FF),
3978: <!--U+000D CARRIAGE RETURN (CR),--> or U+0020 SPACE</dt>
3979: <dd>
3980: <p>Ignore the token.</p> <!-- :-( -->
3981: </dd>
3982:
3983: <dt>A comment token</dt>
3984: <dd>
3985: <p>Append a <code>Comment</code> node to the <a href="#current-node">current
3986: node</a> with the <code title="">data</code> attribute set to
3987: the data given in the comment token.</p>
3988: </dd>
3989:
3990: <dt>A DOCTYPE token</dt>
3991: <dd>
3992: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Ignore the token.</p>
3993: </dd>
3994:
3995: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "html"</dt>
3996: <dd>
3997: <p>Process the token <a href="#using-the-rules-for">using the rules for</a> the "<a href="#parsing-main-inbody" title="insertion mode: in body">in body</a>" <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion
3998: mode</a>.</p>
3999: </dd>
4000:
4001: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "head"</dt>
4002: <dd>
4003:
4004: <p><a href="#insert-an-html-element">Insert an HTML element</a> for the token.</p>
4005:
4006: <p>Set the <a href="#head-element-pointer"><code title="">head</code> element pointer</a>
4007: to the newly created <code><a href="semantics.html#the-head-element">head</a></code> element.</p>
4008:
4009: <p>Switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to "<a href="#parsing-main-inhead" title="insertion mode: in head">in head</a>".</p>
4010:
4011: </dd>
4012:
4013: <dt>An end tag whose tag name is one of: "head", "body", "html", "br"</dt>
4014: <dd>
4015:
4016: <p>Act as if a start tag token with the tag name "head" and no
4017: attributes had been seen, then reprocess the current token.</p>
4018:
4019: </dd>
4020:
4021: <dt>Any other end tag</dt>
4022: <dd>
4023:
4024: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Ignore the token.</p>
4025:
4026: </dd>
4027:
4028: <dt>Anything else</dt>
4029: <dd>
4030:
4031: <p>Act as if a start tag token with the tag name "head" and no
4032: attributes had been seen, then reprocess the current
4033: token.</p>
4034:
4035: </dd>
4036:
4037: </dl><h5 id="parsing-main-inhead"><span class="secno">9.2.5.7 </span>The "<dfn title="insertion mode: in head">in head</dfn>" insertion mode</h5>
4038:
4039: <p>When the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> is "<a href="#parsing-main-inhead" title="insertion
4040: mode: in head">in head</a>", tokens must be handled as follows:</p>
4041:
4042: <dl class="switch"><dt>A character token that is one of U+0009 CHARACTER
4043: TABULATION, U+000A LINE FEED (LF), U+000C FORM FEED (FF),
4044: <!--U+000D CARRIAGE RETURN (CR),--> or U+0020 SPACE</dt>
4045: <dd>
4046: <p><a href="#insert-a-character" title="insert a character">Insert the character</a> into
4047: the <a href="#current-node">current node</a>.</p>
4048: </dd>
4049:
4050: <dt>A comment token</dt>
4051: <dd>
4052: <p>Append a <code>Comment</code> node to the <a href="#current-node">current
4053: node</a> with the <code title="">data</code> attribute set to
4054: the data given in the comment token.</p>
4055: </dd>
4056:
4057: <dt>A DOCTYPE token</dt>
4058: <dd>
4059: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Ignore the token.</p>
4060: </dd>
4061:
4062: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "html"</dt>
4063: <dd>
4064: <p>Process the token <a href="#using-the-rules-for">using the rules for</a> the "<a href="#parsing-main-inbody" title="insertion mode: in body">in body</a>" <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion
4065: mode</a>.</p>
4066: </dd>
4067:
4068: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is one of: "base", "command",
4069: "link"</dt>
4070: <dd>
4071:
4072: <p><a href="#insert-an-html-element">Insert an HTML element</a> for the token. Immediately
4073: pop the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> off the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open
4074: elements</a>.</p>
4075:
4076: <p><a href="#acknowledge-self-closing-flag" title="acknowledge self-closing flag">Acknowledge the
4077: token's <i>self-closing flag</i></a>, if it is set.</p>
4078:
4079: </dd>
4080:
4081: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "meta"</dt>
4082: <dd>
4083:
4084: <p><a href="#insert-an-html-element">Insert an HTML element</a> for the token. Immediately
4085: pop the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> off the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open
4086: elements</a>.</p>
4087:
4088: <p><a href="#acknowledge-self-closing-flag" title="acknowledge self-closing flag">Acknowledge the
4089: token's <i>self-closing flag</i></a>, if it is set.</p>
4090:
4091: <p id="meta-charset-during-parse">If the element has a <code title="attr-meta-charset"><a href="semantics.html#attr-meta-charset">charset</a></code> attribute, and its
4092: value is a supported encoding, and the <a href="#concept-encoding-confidence" title="concept-encoding-confidence">confidence</a> is
4093: currently <i>tentative</i>, then <a href="#change-the-encoding">change the
4094: encoding</a> to the encoding given by the value of the
4095: <code title="attr-meta-charset"><a href="semantics.html#attr-meta-charset">charset</a></code> attribute.</p>
4096:
4097: <p>Otherwise, if the element has a <code title="attr-meta-charset"><a href="semantics.html#attr-meta-charset">content</a></code> attribute, and
4098: applying the <a href="infrastructure.html#algorithm-for-extracting-an-encoding-from-a-content-type">algorithm for extracting an encoding from a
4099: Content-Type</a> to its value returns a supported encoding
4100: <var title="">encoding</var>, and the <a href="#concept-encoding-confidence" title="concept-encoding-confidence">confidence</a> is
4101: currently <i>tentative</i>, then <a href="#change-the-encoding">change the
4102: encoding</a> to the encoding <var title="">encoding</var>.</p>
4103:
4104: </dd>
4105:
4106: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "title"</dt>
4107: <dd>
4108: <p>Follow the <a href="#generic-rcdata-element-parsing-algorithm">generic RCDATA element parsing algorithm</a>.</p>
4109: </dd>
4110:
4111: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "noscript", if the <a href="#scripting-flag">scripting flag</a> is enabled</dt>
4112: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is one of: "noframes", "style"</dt>
4113: <dd>
1.91 mike 4114: <p>Follow the <a href="#generic-raw-text-element-parsing-algorithm">generic raw text element parsing algorithm</a>.</p>
1.1 mike 4115: </dd>
4116:
4117: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "noscript", if the <a href="#scripting-flag">scripting flag</a> is disabled</dt>
4118: <dd>
4119:
4120: <p><a href="#insert-an-html-element">Insert an HTML element</a> for the token.</p>
4121:
4122: <p>Switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to "<a href="#parsing-main-inheadnoscript" title="insertion mode: in head noscript">in head
4123: noscript</a>".</p>
4124:
4125: </dd>
4126:
4127: <dt id="scriptTag">A start tag whose tag name is "script"</dt>
4128: <dd>
4129:
4130: <ol><li><p><a href="#create-an-element-for-the-token">Create an element for the token</a> in the
4131: <a href="#html-namespace-0">HTML namespace</a>.</p></li>
4132:
4133: <li>
4134:
4135: <p>Mark the element as being <a href="semantics.html#parser-inserted">"parser-inserted"</a>.</p>
4136:
4137: <p class="note">This ensures that, if the script is external,
4138: any <code title="dom-document-write"><a href="dom.html#dom-document-write">document.write()</a></code>
4139: calls in the script will execute in-line, instead of blowing the
4140: document away, as would happen in most other cases. It also
4141: prevents the script from executing until the end tag is
4142: seen.</p>
4143:
4144: </li>
4145:
4146: <li><p>If the parser was originally created for the <a href="#html-fragment-parsing-algorithm">HTML
4147: fragment parsing algorithm</a>, then mark the
4148: <code><a href="semantics.html#script">script</a></code> element as <a href="semantics.html#already-executed">"already
4149: executed"</a>. (<a href="#fragment-case">fragment case</a>)</p></li>
4150:
4151: <li><p>Append the new element to the <a href="#current-node">current node</a>
4152: and push it onto the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open
4153: elements</a>.</p></li>
4154:
4155: <li><p>Switch the tokenizer's <a href="#content-model-flag">content model flag</a> to
1.91 mike 4156: the RAWTEXT state.</p></li>
1.1 mike 4157:
4158: <li><p>Let the <a href="#original-insertion-mode">original insertion mode</a> be the current
4159: <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a>.</p>
4160:
1.91 mike 4161: </li><li><p>Switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to "<a href="#parsing-main-incdata" title="insertion mode: in RAWTEXT/RCDATA">in
4162: RAWTEXT/RCDATA</a>".</p></li>
1.1 mike 4163:
4164: </ol></dd>
4165:
4166: <dt>An end tag whose tag name is "head"</dt>
4167: <dd>
4168:
4169: <p>Pop the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> (which will be the
4170: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-head-element">head</a></code> element) off the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open
4171: elements</a>.</p>
4172:
4173: <p>Switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to "<a href="#the-after-head-insertion-mode" title="insertion mode: after head">after head</a>".</p>
4174:
4175: </dd>
4176:
4177: <dt>An end tag whose tag name is one of: "body", "html", "br"</dt>
4178: <dd>
4179: <p>Act as described in the "anything else" entry below.</p>
4180: </dd>
4181:
4182: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "head"</dt>
4183: <dt>Any other end tag</dt>
4184: <dd>
4185: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Ignore the token.</p>
4186: </dd>
4187:
4188: <dt>Anything else</dt>
4189: <dd>
4190:
4191: <!-- can't get here with an EOF and a fragment case -->
4192:
4193: <p>Act as if an end tag token with the tag name "head" had
4194: been seen, and reprocess the current token.</p>
4195:
4196: <p class="XXX">In certain UAs, <a href="https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/attachment.cgi?id=180157&action=view">some
4197: elements</a> don't trigger the "in body" mode straight away,
4198: but instead get put into the head. Do we want to copy
4199: that?</p>
4200:
4201: </dd>
4202:
4203: </dl><h5 id="parsing-main-inheadnoscript"><span class="secno">9.2.5.8 </span>The "<dfn title="insertion mode: in head noscript">in head noscript</dfn>" insertion mode</h5>
4204:
4205: <p>When the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> is "<a href="#parsing-main-inheadnoscript" title="insertion
4206: mode: in head noscript">in head noscript</a>", tokens must be handled as follows:</p>
4207:
4208: <dl class="switch"><dt>A DOCTYPE token</dt>
4209: <dd>
4210: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Ignore the token.</p>
4211: </dd>
4212:
4213: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "html"</dt>
4214: <dd>
4215: <p>Process the token <a href="#using-the-rules-for">using the rules for</a> the "<a href="#parsing-main-inbody" title="insertion mode: in body">in body</a>" <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion
4216: mode</a>.</p>
4217: </dd>
4218:
4219: <dt>An end tag whose tag name is "noscript"</dt>
4220: <dd>
4221:
4222: <p>Pop the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> (which will be a
4223: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-noscript-element">noscript</a></code> element) from the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open
4224: elements</a>; the new <a href="#current-node">current node</a> will be a
4225: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-head-element">head</a></code> element.</p>
4226:
4227: <p>Switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to "<a href="#parsing-main-inhead" title="insertion mode: in head">in head</a>".</p>
4228:
4229: </dd>
4230:
4231: <dt>A character token that is one of U+0009 CHARACTER
4232: TABULATION, U+000A LINE FEED (LF), U+000C FORM FEED (FF),
4233: <!--U+000D CARRIAGE RETURN (CR),--> or U+0020 SPACE</dt>
4234: <dt>A comment token</dt>
4235: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is one of: "link", "meta", "noframes", "style"</dt>
4236: <dd>
4237: <p>Process the token <a href="#using-the-rules-for">using the rules for</a> the "<a href="#parsing-main-inhead" title="insertion mode: in head">in head</a>" <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion
4238: mode</a>.</p>
4239: </dd>
4240:
4241: <dt>An end tag whose tag name is "br"</dt>
4242: <dd>
4243: <p>Act as described in the "anything else" entry below.</p>
4244: </dd>
4245:
4246: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is one of: "head", "noscript"</dt>
4247: <dt>Any other end tag</dt>
4248: <dd>
4249: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Ignore the token.</p>
4250: </dd>
4251:
4252: <dt>Anything else</dt>
4253: <dd>
4254:
4255: <!-- can't get here with an EOF and a fragment case -->
4256:
4257: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Act as if an end tag with the tag
4258: name "noscript" had been seen and reprocess the current
4259: token.</p>
4260:
4261: </dd>
4262:
4263: </dl><h5 id="the-after-head-insertion-mode"><span class="secno">9.2.5.9 </span>The "<dfn title="insertion mode: after head">after head</dfn>" insertion mode</h5>
4264:
4265: <p>When the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> is "<a href="#the-after-head-insertion-mode" title="insertion
4266: mode: after head">after head</a>", tokens must be handled as follows:</p>
4267:
4268: <dl class="switch"><dt>A character token that is one of U+0009 CHARACTER
4269: TABULATION, U+000A LINE FEED (LF), U+000C FORM FEED (FF),
4270: <!--U+000D CARRIAGE RETURN (CR),--> or U+0020 SPACE</dt>
4271: <dd>
4272: <p><a href="#insert-a-character" title="insert a character">Insert the character</a> into
4273: the <a href="#current-node">current node</a>.</p>
4274: </dd>
4275:
4276: <dt>A comment token</dt>
4277: <dd>
4278: <p>Append a <code>Comment</code> node to the <a href="#current-node">current
4279: node</a> with the <code title="">data</code> attribute set to
4280: the data given in the comment token.</p>
4281: </dd>
4282:
4283: <dt>A DOCTYPE token</dt>
4284: <dd>
4285: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Ignore the token.</p>
4286: </dd>
4287:
4288: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "html"</dt>
4289: <dd>
4290: <p>Process the token <a href="#using-the-rules-for">using the rules for</a> the "<a href="#parsing-main-inbody" title="insertion mode: in body">in body</a>" <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion
4291: mode</a>.</p>
4292: </dd>
4293:
4294: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "body"</dt>
4295: <dd>
4296:
4297: <p><a href="#insert-an-html-element">Insert an HTML element</a> for the token.</p>
4298:
4299: <p>Set the <a href="#frameset-ok-flag">frameset-ok flag</a> to "not ok".</p>
4300:
4301: <p>Switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to "<a href="#parsing-main-inbody" title="insertion mode: in body">in body</a>".</p>
4302:
4303: </dd>
4304:
4305: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "frameset"</dt>
4306: <dd>
4307:
4308: <p><a href="#insert-an-html-element">Insert an HTML element</a> for the token.</p>
4309:
4310: <p>Switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to "<a href="#parsing-main-inframeset" title="insertion mode: in frameset">in frameset</a>".</p>
4311:
4312: </dd>
4313:
4314: <dt>A start tag token whose tag name is one of: "base", "link",
4315: "meta", "noframes", "script", "style", "title"</dt>
4316: <dd>
4317:
4318: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>.</p>
4319:
4320: <p>Push the node pointed to by the <a href="#head-element-pointer"><code title="">head</code> element pointer</a> onto the
4321: <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a>.</p>
4322:
4323: <p>Process the token <a href="#using-the-rules-for">using the rules for</a> the "<a href="#parsing-main-inhead" title="insertion mode: in head">in head</a>" <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion
4324: mode</a>.</p>
4325:
4326: <p>Remove the node pointed to by the <a href="#head-element-pointer"><code title="">head</code> element pointer</a> from the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack
4327: of open elements</a>.</p>
4328:
4329: <p class="note">The <a href="#head-element-pointer"><code title="">head</code> element
4330: pointer</a> cannot be null at this point.</p>
4331:
4332: </dd>
4333:
4334: <dt>An end tag whose tag name is one of: "body", "html", "br"</dt>
4335: <dd>
4336: <p>Act as described in the "anything else" entry below.</p>
4337: </dd>
4338:
4339: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "head"</dt>
4340: <dt>Any other end tag</dt>
4341: <dd>
4342: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Ignore the token.</p>
4343: </dd>
4344:
4345: <dt>Anything else</dt>
4346: <dd>
4347: <p>Act as if a start tag token with the tag name "body" and no
4348: attributes had been seen, then set the <a href="#frameset-ok-flag">frameset-ok
4349: flag</a> back to "ok", and then reprocess the current
4350: token.</p>
4351: </dd>
4352:
4353: </dl><h5 id="parsing-main-inbody"><span class="secno">9.2.5.10 </span>The "<dfn title="insertion mode: in body">in body</dfn>" insertion mode</h5>
4354:
4355: <p>When the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> is "<a href="#parsing-main-inbody" title="insertion
4356: mode: in body">in body</a>", tokens must be handled as follows:</p>
4357:
4358: <dl class="switch"><dt>A character token</dt>
4359: <dd>
4360:
4361: <p><a href="#reconstruct-the-active-formatting-elements">Reconstruct the active formatting elements</a>, if
4362: any.</p>
4363:
4364: <p><a href="#insert-a-character" title="insert a character">Insert the token's
4365: character</a> into the <a href="#current-node">current node</a>.</p>
4366:
4367: <p>If the token is not one of U+0009 CHARACTER TABULATION, U+000A
4368: LINE FEED (LF), U+000C FORM FEED (FF), <!--U+000D CARRIAGE RETURN
4369: (CR),--> or U+0020 SPACE, then set the <a href="#frameset-ok-flag">frameset-ok
4370: flag</a> to "not ok".</p>
4371:
4372: </dd>
4373:
4374: <dt>A comment token</dt>
4375: <dd>
4376: <p>Append a <code>Comment</code> node to the <a href="#current-node">current
4377: node</a> with the <code title="">data</code> attribute set to
4378: the data given in the comment token.</p>
4379: </dd>
4380:
4381: <dt>A DOCTYPE token</dt>
4382: <dd>
4383: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Ignore the token.</p>
4384: </dd>
4385:
4386: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "html"</dt>
4387: <dd>
4388: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. For each attribute on the token,
4389: check to see if the attribute is already present on the top
4390: element of the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a>. If it is not,
4391: add the attribute and its corresponding value to that element.</p>
4392: </dd>
4393:
4394: <dt>A start tag token whose tag name is one of: "base", "command",
4395: "link", "meta", "noframes", "script", "style", "title"</dt>
4396: <dd>
4397: <p>Process the token <a href="#using-the-rules-for">using the rules for</a> the "<a href="#parsing-main-inhead" title="insertion mode: in head">in head</a>" <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion
4398: mode</a>.</p>
4399: </dd>
4400:
4401: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "body"</dt>
4402: <dd>
4403:
4404: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>.</p>
4405:
4406: <p>If the second element on the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open
4407: elements</a> is not a <code><a href="semantics.html#the-body-element">body</a></code> element, or, if the
4408: <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> has only one node on it,
4409: then ignore the token. (<a href="#fragment-case">fragment case</a>)</p>
4410:
4411: <p>Otherwise, for each attribute on the token, check to see if
4412: the attribute is already present on the <code><a href="semantics.html#the-body-element">body</a></code>
4413: element (the second element) on the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open
4414: elements</a>. If it is not, add the attribute and its
4415: corresponding value to that element.</p>
4416:
4417: </dd>
4418:
4419: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "frameset"</dt>
4420: <dd>
4421:
4422: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>.</p>
4423:
4424: <p>If the second element on the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open
4425: elements</a> is not a <code><a href="semantics.html#the-body-element">body</a></code> element, or, if the
4426: <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> has only one node on it,
4427: then ignore the token. (<a href="#fragment-case">fragment case</a>)</p>
4428:
4429: <p>If the <a href="#frameset-ok-flag">frameset-ok flag</a> is set to "not ok", ignore
4430: the token.</p>
4431:
4432: <p>Otherwise, run the following steps:</p>
4433:
4434: <ol><li><p>Remove the second element on the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open
4435: elements</a> from its parent node, if it has one.</p></li>
4436:
4437: <li><p>Pop all the nodes from the bottom of the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of
4438: open elements</a>, from the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> up to,
4439: but not including, the root <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element">html</a></code> element.</p>
4440:
4441: </li><li><p><a href="#insert-an-html-element">Insert an HTML element</a> for the
4442: token.</p></li>
4443:
4444: <li><p>Switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to "<a href="#parsing-main-inframeset" title="insertion mode: in frameset">in frameset</a>".</p>
4445:
4446: </li></ol></dd>
4447:
4448: <dt>An end-of-file token</dt>
4449: <dd>
4450:
4451: <p>If there is a node in the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a>
4452: that is not either a <code><a href="semantics.html#the-dd-element">dd</a></code> element, a <code><a href="semantics.html#the-dt-element">dt</a></code>
4453: element, an <code><a href="semantics.html#the-li-element">li</a></code> element, a <code><a href="semantics.html#the-p-element">p</a></code> element, a
4454: <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tbody-element">tbody</a></code> element, a <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-td-element">td</a></code> element, a
4455: <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tfoot-element">tfoot</a></code> element, a <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-th-element">th</a></code> element, a
4456: <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-thead-element">thead</a></code> element, a <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tr-element">tr</a></code> element, the
4457: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-body-element">body</a></code> element, or the <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element">html</a></code> element, then
4458: this is a <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a>.</p> <!-- (some of those are
4459: fragment cases) -->
4460:
4461: <p><a href="#stop-parsing">Stop parsing</a>.</p>
4462:
4463: </dd>
4464:
4465: <dt>An end tag whose tag name is "body"</dt>
4466: <dd>
4467:
4468: <p>If the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> does not <a href="#has-an-element-in-scope" title="has an element in scope">have a <code>body</code> element
4469: in scope</a>, this is a <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a>; ignore the
4470: token.</p>
4471:
4472: <!-- if we get here, the insertion mode here is forcibly "in
4473: body". -->
4474:
4475: <p>Otherwise, if there is a node in the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open
4476: elements</a> that is not either a <code><a href="semantics.html#the-dd-element">dd</a></code> element, a
4477: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-dt-element">dt</a></code> element, an <code><a href="semantics.html#the-li-element">li</a></code> element, an
4478: <code><a href="forms.html#the-optgroup-element">optgroup</a></code> element, an <code><a href="forms.html#the-option-element">option</a></code> element, a
4479: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-p-element">p</a></code> element, an <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-rp-element">rp</a></code> element, an
4480: <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-rt-element">rt</a></code> element, a <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tbody-element">tbody</a></code> element, a
4481: <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-td-element">td</a></code> element, a <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tfoot-element">tfoot</a></code> element, a
4482: <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-th-element">th</a></code> element, a <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-thead-element">thead</a></code> element, a
4483: <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tr-element">tr</a></code> element, the <code><a href="semantics.html#the-body-element">body</a></code> element, or the
4484: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element">html</a></code> element, then this is a <a href="#parse-error">parse
4485: error</a>.</p> <!-- (some of those are fragment cases, e.g. for
4486: <tbody> you'd have hit the first paragraph since the <body>
4487: wouldn't be in scope, unless it was a fragment case) -->
4488:
4489: <!-- If we ever change the frameset-ok flag to an insertion mode,
4490: then we'd have to somehow keep track of its state when we switch
4491: to after-body. -->
4492:
4493: <p>Switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to "<a href="#parsing-main-afterbody" title="insertion mode: after body">after body</a>".</p>
4494:
4495: </dd>
4496:
4497: <dt>An end tag whose tag name is "html"</dt>
4498: <dd>
4499:
4500: <p>Act as if an end tag with tag name "body" had been seen,
4501: then, if that token wasn't ignored, reprocess the current
4502: token.</p>
4503:
4504: <p class="note">The fake end tag token here can only be
4505: ignored in the <a href="#fragment-case">fragment case</a>.</p>
4506:
4507: </dd>
4508:
4509: <!-- start tags for non-phrasing flow content elements -->
4510:
4511: <!-- the normal ones -->
4512: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is one of: "address", "article",
1.86 mike 4513: "aside", "blockquote", "center", <!--v2DATAGRID-->"datagrid",
4514: "details", "dialog", "dir", "div", "dl", "fieldset", "figure",
4515: "footer", "header", "hgroup", "menu", "nav", "ol", "p", "section",
4516: "ul"</dt>
1.1 mike 4517: <dd>
4518:
4519: <!-- As of May 2008 this doesn't match any browser exactly, but is
4520: as close to what IE does as I can get without doing the non-tree
4521: DOM nonsense, and thus should actually afford better compatibility
4522: when implemented by the other browsers. -->
4523:
4524: <p>If the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> <a href="#has-an-element-in-scope" title="has
4525: an element in scope">has a <code>p</code> element in
4526: scope</a>, then act as if an end tag with the tag name
4527: "p" had been seen.</p>
4528:
4529: <p><a href="#insert-an-html-element">Insert an HTML element</a> for the token.</p>
4530:
4531: </dd>
4532:
4533: <!-- as normal, but close h1-h6 if it's the current node -->
4534: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is one of: "h1", "h2", "h3", "h4",
4535: "h5", "h6"</dt>
4536: <dd>
4537:
4538: <p>If the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> <a href="#has-an-element-in-scope" title="has
4539: an element in scope">has a <code>p</code> element in
4540: scope</a>, then act as if an end tag with the tag name
4541: "p" had been seen.</p>
4542:
4543: <p>If the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> is an element whose tag name
4544: is one of "h1", "h2", "h3", "h4", "h5", or "h6", then this is a
4545: <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a>; pop the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> off
4546: the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a>.</p>
4547: <!-- See https://bugs.webkit.org/show_bug.cgi?id=12646 -->
4548:
4549: <p><a href="#insert-an-html-element">Insert an HTML element</a> for the token.</p>
4550:
4551: </dd>
4552:
4553: <!-- as normal, but drops leading newline -->
4554: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is one of: "pre", "listing"</dt>
4555: <dd>
4556:
4557: <p>If the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> <a href="#has-an-element-in-scope" title="has
4558: an element in scope">has a <code>p</code> element in
4559: scope</a>, then act as if an end tag with the tag name
4560: "p" had been seen.</p>
4561:
4562: <p><a href="#insert-an-html-element">Insert an HTML element</a> for the token.</p>
4563:
4564: <p>If the next token is a U+000A LINE FEED (LF) character
4565: token, then ignore that token and move on to the next
4566: one. (Newlines at the start of <code><a href="semantics.html#the-pre-element">pre</a></code> blocks are
4567: ignored as an authoring convenience.)</p>
4568:
4569: <p>Set the <a href="#frameset-ok-flag">frameset-ok flag</a> to "not ok".</p>
4570:
4571: </dd>
4572:
4573: <!-- as normal, but interacts with the form element pointer -->
4574: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "form"</dt>
4575: <dd>
4576:
4577: <p>If the <a href="#form-element-pointer"><code title="form">form</code> element
4578: pointer</a> is not null, then this is a <a href="#parse-error">parse
4579: error</a>; ignore the token.</p>
4580:
4581: <p>Otherwise:</p>
4582:
4583: <p>If the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> <a href="#has-an-element-in-scope" title="has
4584: an element in scope">has a <code>p</code> element in
4585: scope</a>, then act as if an end tag with the tag name
4586: "p" had been seen.</p>
4587:
4588: <p><a href="#insert-an-html-element">Insert an HTML element</a> for the token, and set the
4589: <a href="#form-element-pointer"><code title="form">form</code> element pointer</a> to
4590: point to the element created.</p>
4591:
4592: </dd>
4593:
4594: <!-- as normal, but imply </li> when there's another <li> open in weird cases -->
4595: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "li"</dt>
4596: <dd>
4597:
4598: <p>Run the following algorithm:</p>
4599:
4600: <ol><li><p>Set the <a href="#frameset-ok-flag">frameset-ok flag</a> to "not ok".</p></li>
4601:
4602: <li><p>Initialize <var title="">node</var> to be the <a href="#current-node">current
4603: node</a> (the bottommost node of the stack).</p></li>
4604:
4605: <li><p>If <var title="">node</var> is an <code><a href="semantics.html#the-li-element">li</a></code> element,
4606: then act as if an end tag with the tag name "li" had
4607: been seen, then jump to the last step.</p></li>
4608:
4609: <li><p><i>Loop</i>: If <var title="">node</var> is not in the
4610: <a href="#formatting">formatting</a> category, and is not in the
4611: <a href="#phrasing">phrasing</a> category, and is not an
4612: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-address-element">address</a></code>, <code><a href="interactive-elements.html#the-div-element">div</a></code>, or <code><a href="semantics.html#the-p-element">p</a></code>
4613: element, then jump to the last step.</p></li> <!-- an element
4614: <foo> is in this list if the following markup:
4615:
4616: <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"><body><ol><li><foo><li>
4617:
4618: ...results in the second <li> not being (in any way) a descendant
4619: of the first <li>, or if <foo> is a formatting element that gets
4620: reopened later. -->
4621:
4622: <li><p>Otherwise, set <var title="">node</var> to the previous
4623: entry in the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> and return to
4624: the step labeled <i>loop</i>.</p></li>
4625:
4626: <li>
4627:
4628: <p>This is the last step.</p>
4629:
4630: <p>If the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> <a href="#has-an-element-in-scope" title="has
4631: an element in scope">has a <code>p</code> element in
4632: scope</a>, then act as if an end tag with the tag name
4633: "p" had been seen.</p>
4634:
4635: <p>Finally, <a href="#insert-an-html-element">insert an HTML element</a> for the
4636: token.</p>
4637:
4638: </li>
4639:
4640: </ol></dd>
4641:
4642: <!-- as normal, but imply </dt> or </dd> when there's another <dt> or <dd> open in weird cases -->
4643: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is one of: "dd", "dt"</dt>
4644: <dd>
4645:
4646: <p>Run the following algorithm:</p>
4647:
4648: <ol><li><p>Set the <a href="#frameset-ok-flag">frameset-ok flag</a> to "not ok".</p></li>
4649:
4650: <li><p>Initialize <var title="">node</var> to be the <a href="#current-node">current
4651: node</a> (the bottommost node of the stack).</p></li>
4652:
4653: <li><p><i>Loop</i>: If <var title="">node</var> is a
4654: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-dd-element">dd</a></code> or <code><a href="semantics.html#the-dt-element">dt</a></code> element, then act as if an end
4655: tag with the same tag name as <var title="">node</var> had been
4656: seen, then jump to the last step.</p></li>
4657:
4658: <li><p>If <var title="">node</var> is not in the
4659: <a href="#formatting">formatting</a> category, and is not in the
4660: <a href="#phrasing">phrasing</a> category, and is not an
4661: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-address-element">address</a></code>, <code><a href="interactive-elements.html#the-div-element">div</a></code>, or <code><a href="semantics.html#the-p-element">p</a></code>
4662: element, then jump to the last step.</p></li> <!-- an element
4663: <foo> is in this list if the following markup:
4664:
4665: <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"><body><dl><dt><foo><dt>
4666:
4667: ...results in the second <dt> not being (in any way) a descendant
4668: of the first <dt>, or if <foo> is a formatting element that gets
4669: reopened later. -->
4670:
4671: <li><p>Otherwise, set <var title="">node</var> to the previous
4672: entry in the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> and return to
4673: the step labeled <i>loop</i>.</p></li>
4674:
4675: <li>
4676:
4677: <p>This is the last step.</p>
4678:
4679: <p>If the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> <a href="#has-an-element-in-scope" title="has
4680: an element in scope">has a <code>p</code> element in
4681: scope</a>, then act as if an end tag with the tag name
4682: "p" had been seen.</p>
4683:
4684: <p>Finally, <a href="#insert-an-html-element">insert an HTML element</a> for the
4685: token.</p>
4686:
4687: </li>
4688:
4689: </ol></dd>
4690:
4691: <!-- same as normal, but effectively ends parsing -->
4692: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "plaintext"</dt>
4693: <dd>
4694:
4695: <p>If the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> <a href="#has-an-element-in-scope" title="has
4696: an element in scope">has a <code>p</code> element in
4697: scope</a>, then act as if an end tag with the tag name
4698: "p" had been seen.</p>
4699:
4700: <p><a href="#insert-an-html-element">Insert an HTML element</a> for the token.</p>
4701:
4702: <p>Switch the <a href="#content-model-flag">content model flag</a> to the PLAINTEXT
4703: state.</p>
4704:
4705: <p class="note">Once a start tag with the tag name "plaintext"
4706: has been seen, that will be the last token ever seen other
4707: than character tokens (and the end-of-file token), because
4708: there is no way to switch the <a href="#content-model-flag">content model flag</a>
4709: out of the PLAINTEXT state.</p>
4710:
4711: </dd>
4712:
4713: <!-- end tags for non-phrasing flow content elements -->
4714:
4715: <!-- the normal ones -->
4716: <dt>An end tag whose tag name is one of: "address", "article",
1.86 mike 4717: "aside", "blockquote", "center", <!--v2DATAGRID-->"datagrid",
4718: "details", "dialog", "dir", "div", "dl", "fieldset", "figure",
4719: "footer", "header", "hgroup", "listing", "menu", "nav", "ol",
4720: "pre", "section", "ul"</dt>
1.1 mike 4721: <dd>
4722:
4723: <p>If the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> does not <a href="#has-an-element-in-scope" title="has an element in scope">have an element in scope</a>
4724: with the same tag name as that of the token, then this is a
4725: <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a>; ignore the token.</p>
4726:
4727: <p>Otherwise, run these steps:</p>
4728:
4729: <ol><li><p><a href="#generate-implied-end-tags">Generate implied end tags</a>.</p></li>
4730:
4731: <li><p>If the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> is not an element with
4732: the same tag name as that of the token, then this is a
4733: <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a>.</p></li>
4734:
4735: <li><p>Pop elements from the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a>
4736: until an element with the same tag name as the token has been
4737: popped from the stack.</p></li>
4738:
4739: </ol></dd>
4740:
4741: <!-- removes the form element pointer instead of the matching node -->
4742: <dt>An end tag whose tag name is "form"</dt>
4743: <dd>
4744:
4745: <p>Let <var title="">node</var> be the element that the
4746: <a href="#form-element-pointer"><code title="">form</code> element pointer</a> is set
4747: to.</p>
4748:
4749: <p>Set the <a href="#form-element-pointer"><code title="">form</code> element pointer</a>
4750: to null.</p>
4751:
4752: <p>If <var title="">node</var> is null or the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open
4753: elements</a> does not <a href="#has-an-element-in-scope" title="has an element in
4754: scope">have <var title="">node</var> in scope</a>, then this is
4755: a <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a>; ignore the token.</p>
4756:
4757: <p>Otherwise, run these steps:</p>
4758:
4759: <ol><li><p><a href="#generate-implied-end-tags">Generate implied end tags</a>.</p></li>
4760:
4761: <li><p>If the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> is not <var title="">node</var>, then this is a <a href="#parse-error">parse
4762: error</a>.</p></li>
4763:
4764: <li><p>Remove <var title="">node</var> from the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of
4765: open elements</a>.</p></li>
4766:
4767: </ol></dd>
4768:
4769: <!-- as normal, except </p> implies <p> if there's no <p> in scope, and needs care as the elements have optional tags -->
4770: <dt>An end tag whose tag name is "p"</dt>
4771: <dd>
4772:
4773: <p>If the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> does not <a href="#has-an-element-in-scope" title="has an element in scope">have an element in scope</a>
4774: with the same tag name as that of the token, then this is a
4775: <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a>; act as if a start tag with the tag name
4776: "p" had been seen, then reprocess the current token.</p>
4777:
4778: <p>Otherwise, run these steps:</p>
4779:
4780: <ol><li><p><a href="#generate-implied-end-tags">Generate implied end tags</a>, except
4781: for elements with the same tag name as the token.</p></li>
4782:
4783: <li><p>If the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> is not an element with
4784: the same tag name as that of the token, then this is a
4785: <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a>.</p></li>
4786:
4787: <li><p>Pop elements from the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a>
4788: until an element with the same tag name as the token has been
4789: popped from the stack.</p></li>
4790:
4791: </ol></dd>
4792:
4793: <!-- as normal, but needs care as the elements have optional tags -->
4794: <dt>An end tag whose tag name is one of: "dd", "dt", "li"</dt>
4795: <dd>
4796:
4797: <p>If the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> does not <a href="#has-an-element-in-scope" title="has an element in scope">have an element in scope</a>
4798: with the same tag name as that of the token, then this is a
4799: <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a>; ignore the token.</p>
4800:
4801: <p>Otherwise, run these steps:</p>
4802:
4803: <ol><li><p><a href="#generate-implied-end-tags">Generate implied end tags</a>, except
4804: for elements with the same tag name as the token.</p></li>
4805:
4806: <li><p>If the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> is not an element with
4807: the same tag name as that of the token, then this is a
4808: <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a>.</p></li>
4809:
4810: <li><p>Pop elements from the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a>
4811: until an element with the same tag name as the token has been
4812: popped from the stack.</p></li>
4813:
4814: </ol></dd>
4815:
4816: <!-- as normal, except acts as a closer for any of the h1-h6 elements -->
4817: <dt>An end tag whose tag name is one of: "h1", "h2", "h3", "h4", "h5", "h6"</dt>
4818: <dd>
4819:
4820: <p>If the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> does not <a href="#has-an-element-in-scope" title="has an element in scope">have an element in scope</a>
4821: whose tag name is one of "h1", "h2", "h3", "h4", "h5", or "h6",
4822: then this is a <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a>; ignore the token.</p>
4823:
4824: <p>Otherwise, run these steps:</p>
4825:
4826: <ol><li><p><a href="#generate-implied-end-tags">Generate implied end tags</a>.</p></li>
4827:
4828: <li><p>If the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> is not an element with
4829: the same tag name as that of the token, then this is a
4830: <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a>.</p></li>
4831:
4832: <li><p>Pop elements from the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a>
4833: until an element whose tag name is one of "h1", "h2", "h3", "h4",
4834: "h5", or "h6" has been popped from the stack.</p></li>
4835:
4836: </ol></dd>
4837:
4838: <dt>An end tag whose tag name is "sarcasm"</dt>
4839: <dd>
4840: <p>Take a deep breath, then act as described in the "any other end
4841: tag" entry below.</p>
4842: </dd>
4843:
4844: <!-- ADOPTION AGENCY ELEMENTS
4845: Mozilla-only: bdo blink del ins sub sup q
4846: Safari-only: code dfn kbd nobr samp var wbr
4847: Both: a b big em font i s small strike strong tt u -->
4848:
4849: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "a"</dt>
4850: <dd>
4851:
4852: <p>If the <a href="#list-of-active-formatting-elements">list of active formatting elements</a>
4853: contains an element whose tag name is "a" between the end of
4854: the list and the last marker on the list (or the start of the
4855: list if there is no marker on the list), then this is a
4856: <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a>; act as if an end tag with the tag
4857: name "a" had been seen, then remove that element from the
4858: <a href="#list-of-active-formatting-elements">list of active formatting elements</a> and the
4859: <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> if the end tag didn't
4860: already remove it (it might not have if the element is not
4861: <a href="#has-an-element-in-table-scope" title="has an element in table scope">in table
4862: scope</a>).</p>
4863:
4864: <p class="example">In the non-conforming stream
4865: <code><a href="a">a<table><a href="b">b</table>x</code>,
4866: the first <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-a-element">a</a></code> element would be closed upon seeing
4867: the second one, and the "x" character would be inside a link
4868: to "b", not to "a". This is despite the fact that the outer
4869: <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-a-element">a</a></code> element is not in table scope (meaning that a
4870: regular <code></a></code> end tag at the start of the table
4871: wouldn't close the outer <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-a-element">a</a></code> element).</p>
4872:
4873: <p><a href="#reconstruct-the-active-formatting-elements">Reconstruct the active formatting elements</a>, if
4874: any.</p>
4875:
4876: <p><a href="#insert-an-html-element">Insert an HTML element</a> for the token. Add that
4877: element to the <a href="#list-of-active-formatting-elements">list of active formatting
4878: elements</a>.</p>
4879:
4880: </dd>
4881:
4882: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is one of: "b", "big", "code", "em",
4883: "font", "i", "s", "small", "strike", "strong", "tt", "u"</dt>
4884: <dd>
4885:
4886: <p><a href="#reconstruct-the-active-formatting-elements">Reconstruct the active formatting elements</a>, if
4887: any.</p>
4888:
4889: <p><a href="#insert-an-html-element">Insert an HTML element</a> for the token. Add that
4890: element to the <a href="#list-of-active-formatting-elements">list of active formatting
4891: elements</a>.</p>
4892:
4893: </dd>
4894:
4895: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "nobr"</dt>
4896: <dd>
4897:
4898: <p><a href="#reconstruct-the-active-formatting-elements">Reconstruct the active formatting elements</a>, if
4899: any.</p>
4900:
4901: <p>If the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> <a href="#has-an-element-in-scope" title="has an
4902: element in scope">has a <code>nobr</code> element in scope</a>,
4903: then this is a <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a>; act as if an end tag with
4904: the tag name "nobr" had been seen, then once again
4905: <a href="#reconstruct-the-active-formatting-elements">reconstruct the active formatting elements</a>, if
4906: any.</p>
4907:
4908: <p><a href="#insert-an-html-element">Insert an HTML element</a> for the token. Add that
4909: element to the <a href="#list-of-active-formatting-elements">list of active formatting
4910: elements</a>.</p>
4911:
4912: </dd>
4913:
4914: <dt id="adoptionAgency">An end tag whose tag name is one of: "a",
4915: "b", "big", "code", "em", "font", "i", "nobr", "s", "small",
4916: "strike", "strong", "tt", "u"</dt>
4917: <dd>
4918:
4919: <p>Follow these steps:</p>
4920:
4921: <ol><li>
4922:
4923: <p>Let the <var title="">formatting element</var> be the
4924: last element in the <a href="#list-of-active-formatting-elements">list of active formatting
4925: elements</a> that:</p>
4926:
4927: <ul><li>is between the end of the list and the last scope
4928: marker in the list, if any, or the start of the list
4929: otherwise, and</li>
4930:
4931: <li>has the same tag name as the token.</li>
4932:
4933: </ul><p>If there is no such node, or, if that node is also in the
4934: <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> but the element is not <a href="#has-an-element-in-scope" title="has an element in scope">in scope</a>, then this is a
4935: <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a>; ignore the token, and abort these
4936: steps.</p>
4937:
4938: <p>Otherwise, if there is such a node, but that node is not
4939: in the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a>, then this is a
4940: <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a>; remove the element from the list,
4941: and abort these steps.</p>
4942:
4943: <p>Otherwise, there is a <var title="">formatting
4944: element</var> and that element is in <a href="#stack-of-open-elements" title="stack of
4945: open elements">the stack</a> and is <a href="#has-an-element-in-scope" title="has an
4946: element in scope">in scope</a>. If the element is not the
4947: <a href="#current-node">current node</a>, this is a <a href="#parse-error">parse
4948: error</a>. In any case, proceed with the algorithm as
4949: written in the following steps.</p>
4950:
4951: </li>
4952:
4953: <li><p>Let the <var title="">furthest block</var> be the
4954: topmost node in the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> that
4955: is lower in the stack than the <var title="">formatting
4956: element</var>, and is not an element in the
4957: <a href="#phrasing">phrasing</a> or <a href="#formatting">formatting</a>
4958: categories. There might not be one.</p></li>
4959:
4960: <li><p>If there is no <var title="">furthest block</var>,
4961: then the UA must skip the subsequent steps and instead just
4962: pop all the nodes from the bottom of the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open
4963: elements</a>, from the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> up to and
4964: including the <var title="">formatting element</var>, and
4965: remove the <var title="">formatting element</var> from the
4966: <a href="#list-of-active-formatting-elements">list of active formatting elements</a>.</p></li>
4967:
4968: <li><p>Let the <var title="">common ancestor</var> be the element
4969: immediately above the <var title="">formatting element</var> in the
4970: <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a>.</p></li>
4971:
4972: <li><p>Let a bookmark note the position of the <var title="">formatting element</var> in the <a href="#list-of-active-formatting-elements">list of active
4973: formatting elements</a> relative to the elements on either
4974: side of it in the list.</p></li>
4975:
4976: <li>
4977:
4978: <p>Let <var title="">node</var> and <var title="">last node</var> be the
4979: <var title="">furthest block</var>. Follow these steps:</p>
4980:
4981: <ol><li>Let <var title="">node</var> be the element immediately
4982: above <var title="">node</var> in the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open
4983: elements</a>.</li>
4984:
4985: <li>If <var title="">node</var> is not in the <a href="#list-of-active-formatting-elements">list of
4986: active formatting elements</a>, then remove <var title="">node</var> from the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open
4987: elements</a> and then go back to step 1.</li>
4988:
4989: <li>Otherwise, if <var title="">node</var> is the <var title="">formatting element</var>, then go to the next step
4990: in the overall algorithm.</li>
4991:
4992: <li>Otherwise, if <var title="">last node</var> is the <var title="">furthest block</var>, then move the aforementioned
4993: bookmark to be immediately after the <var title="">node</var> in the <a href="#list-of-active-formatting-elements">list of active formatting
4994: elements</a>.</li>
4995:
4996: <li><a href="#create-an-element-for-the-token">Create an element for the token</a> for which the
4997: element <var title="">node</var> was created, replace the entry
4998: for <var title="">node</var> in the <a href="#list-of-active-formatting-elements">list of active
4999: formatting elements</a> with an entry for the new element,
5000: replace the entry for <var title="">node</var> in the
5001: <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> with an entry for the new
5002: element, and let <var title="">node</var> be the new
5003: element.</li>
5004:
5005: <li>Insert <var title="">last node</var> into <var title="">node</var>, first removing it from its previous
5006: parent node if any.</li>
5007:
5008: <li>Let <var title="">last node</var> be <var title="">node</var>.</li>
5009:
5010: <li>Return to step 1 of this inner set of steps.</li>
5011:
5012: </ol></li>
5013:
5014: <li>
5015:
5016: <p>If the <var title="">common ancestor</var> node is a
5017: <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-table-element">table</a></code>, <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tbody-element">tbody</a></code>, <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tfoot-element">tfoot</a></code>,
5018: <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-thead-element">thead</a></code>, or <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tr-element">tr</a></code> element, then,
5019: <a href="#foster-parent">foster parent</a> whatever <var title="">last
5020: node</var> ended up being in the previous step, first removing
5021: it from its previous parent node if any.</p>
5022:
5023: <p>Otherwise, append whatever <var title="">last node</var>
5024: ended up being in the previous step to the <var title="">common
5025: ancestor</var> node, first removing it from its previous parent
5026: node if any.</p>
5027:
5028: </li>
5029:
5030: <li><p><a href="#create-an-element-for-the-token">Create an element for the token</a> for which the
5031: <var title="">formatting element</var> was created.</p></li>
5032:
5033: <li><p>Take all of the child nodes of the <var title="">furthest
5034: block</var> and append them to the element created in the last
5035: step.</p></li>
5036:
5037: <li><p>Append that new element to the <var title="">furthest
5038: block</var>.</p></li>
5039:
5040: <li><p>Remove the <var title="">formatting element</var> from the
5041: <a href="#list-of-active-formatting-elements">list of active formatting elements</a>, and insert the
5042: new element into the <a href="#list-of-active-formatting-elements">list of active formatting
5043: elements</a> at the position of the aforementioned
5044: bookmark.</p></li>
5045:
5046: <li><p>Remove the <var title="">formatting element</var> from the
5047: <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a>, and insert the new element
5048: into the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> immediately below
5049: the position of the <var title="">furthest block</var> in that
5050: stack.</p></li>
5051:
5052: <li><p>Jump back to step 1 in this series of steps.</p></li>
5053:
5054: </ol><!--XXX
5055: <div class="example">
5056: <p class="XXX">Need an example.</p>
5057: </div>
5058: --><p class="note">Because of the way this algorithm causes elements to
5059: change parents, it has been dubbed the "adoption agency algorithm"
5060: (in contrast with other possibly algorithms for dealing with
5061: misnested content, which included the "incest algorithm", the
5062: "secret affair algorithm", and the "Heisenberg algorithm").</p>
5063:
5064: </dd>
5065:
5066: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "button"</dt>
5067: <dd>
5068:
5069: <p>If the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> <a href="#has-an-element-in-scope" title="has
5070: an element in scope">has a <code>button</code> element in
5071: scope</a>, then this is a <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a>;
5072: act as if an end tag with the tag name "button" had been seen,
5073: then reprocess the token.</p>
5074:
5075: <p>Otherwise:</p>
5076:
5077: <p><a href="#reconstruct-the-active-formatting-elements">Reconstruct the active formatting elements</a>, if
5078: any.</p>
5079:
5080: <p><a href="#insert-an-html-element">Insert an HTML element</a> for the token.</p>
5081:
5082: <p>Insert a marker at the end of the <a href="#list-of-active-formatting-elements">list of active
5083: formatting elements</a>.</p>
5084:
5085: <p>Set the <a href="#frameset-ok-flag">frameset-ok flag</a> to "not ok".</p>
5086:
5087: </dd>
5088:
5089: <dt>A start tag token whose tag name is one of: "applet",
5090: "marquee", "object"</dt>
5091: <dd>
5092:
5093: <p><a href="#reconstruct-the-active-formatting-elements">Reconstruct the active formatting elements</a>, if
5094: any.</p>
5095:
5096: <p><a href="#insert-an-html-element">Insert an HTML element</a> for the token.</p>
5097:
5098: <p>Insert a marker at the end of the <a href="#list-of-active-formatting-elements">list of active
5099: formatting elements</a>.</p>
5100:
5101: <p>Set the <a href="#frameset-ok-flag">frameset-ok flag</a> to "not ok".</p>
5102:
5103: </dd>
5104:
5105: <dt>An end tag token whose tag name is one of: "applet", "button",
5106: "marquee", "object"</dt>
5107: <dd>
5108:
5109: <p>If the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> does not <a href="#has-an-element-in-scope" title="has an element in scope">have an element in scope</a>
5110: with the same tag name as that of the token, then this is a
5111: <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a>; ignore the token.</p>
5112:
5113: <p>Otherwise, run these steps:</p>
5114:
5115: <ol><li><p><a href="#generate-implied-end-tags">Generate implied end tags</a>.</p></li>
5116:
5117: <li><p>If the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> is not an element with
5118: the same tag name as that of the token, then this is a
5119: <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a>.</p></li>
5120:
5121: <li><p>Pop elements from the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a>
5122: until an element with the same tag name as the token has been
5123: popped from the stack.</p></li>
5124:
5125: <li><a href="#clear-the-list-of-active-formatting-elements-up-to-the-last-marker">Clear the list of active formatting elements up to the
5126: last marker</a>.</li>
5127:
5128: </ol></dd>
5129:
5130: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "table"</dt>
5131: <dd>
5132:
5133: <p>If the <code>Document</code> is <em>not</em> set to
5134: <a href="dom.html#quirks-mode">quirks mode</a>, and the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open
5135: elements</a> <a href="#has-an-element-in-scope" title="has an element in scope">has a
5136: <code>p</code> element in scope</a>, then act as if an end tag
5137: with the tag name "p" had been seen.</p> <!-- i hate myself (this
5138: quirk was basically caused by acid2; if i'd realised we could
5139: change the specs when i wrote acid2, we could have avoided having
5140: any parsing-mode quirks) -Hixie -->
5141:
5142: <p><a href="#insert-an-html-element">Insert an HTML element</a> for the token.</p>
5143:
5144: <p>Set the <a href="#frameset-ok-flag">frameset-ok flag</a> to "not ok".</p>
5145:
5146: <p>Switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to "<a href="#parsing-main-intable" title="insertion mode: in table">in table</a>".</p>
5147:
5148: </dd>
5149:
5150: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is one of: "area", "basefont",
5151: "bgsound", "br", "embed", "img", "input", "keygen", "spacer",
5152: "wbr"</dt>
5153: <dd>
5154:
5155: <p><a href="#reconstruct-the-active-formatting-elements">Reconstruct the active formatting elements</a>, if
5156: any.</p>
5157:
5158: <p><a href="#insert-an-html-element">Insert an HTML element</a> for the token. Immediately
5159: pop the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> off the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open
5160: elements</a>.</p>
5161:
5162: <p><a href="#acknowledge-self-closing-flag" title="acknowledge self-closing flag">Acknowledge the
5163: token's <i>self-closing flag</i></a>, if it is set.</p>
5164:
5165: <p>Set the <a href="#frameset-ok-flag">frameset-ok flag</a> to "not ok".</p> <!--
5166: shouldn't really do it for <area>, <basefont>, <bgsound>, and
5167: <spacer> -->
5168:
5169: </dd>
5170:
5171: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is one of: "param", "source"</dt>
5172: <dd>
5173:
5174: <p><a href="#insert-an-html-element">Insert an HTML element</a> for the token. Immediately
5175: pop the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> off the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open
5176: elements</a>.</p>
5177:
5178: <p><a href="#acknowledge-self-closing-flag" title="acknowledge self-closing flag">Acknowledge the
5179: token's <i>self-closing flag</i></a>, if it is set.</p>
5180:
5181: </dd>
5182:
5183: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "hr"</dt>
5184: <dd>
5185:
5186: <p>If the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> <a href="#has-an-element-in-scope" title="has
5187: an element in scope">has a <code>p</code> element in
5188: scope</a>, then act as if an end tag with the tag name
5189: "p" had been seen.</p>
5190:
5191: <p><a href="#insert-an-html-element">Insert an HTML element</a> for the token. Immediately
5192: pop the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> off the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open
5193: elements</a>.</p>
5194:
5195: <p><a href="#acknowledge-self-closing-flag" title="acknowledge self-closing flag">Acknowledge the
5196: token's <i>self-closing flag</i></a>, if it is set.</p>
5197:
5198: <p>Set the <a href="#frameset-ok-flag">frameset-ok flag</a> to "not ok".</p>
5199:
5200: </dd>
5201:
5202: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "image"</dt>
5203: <dd>
5204: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Change the token's tag name
5205: to "img" and reprocess it. (Don't ask.)</p> <!-- As of
5206: 2005-12, studies showed that around 0.2% of pages used the
5207: <image> element. -->
5208: </dd>
5209:
5210: <dt id="isindex">A start tag whose tag name is "isindex"</dt>
5211: <dd>
5212:
5213: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>.</p>
5214:
5215: <p>If the <a href="#form-element-pointer"><code title="">form</code> element
5216: pointer</a> is not null, then ignore the token.</p>
5217:
5218: <p>Otherwise:</p>
5219:
5220: <p><a href="#acknowledge-self-closing-flag" title="acknowledge self-closing flag">Acknowledge the
5221: token's <i>self-closing flag</i></a>, if it is set.</p> <!--
5222: purely to reduce the number of errors (we don't care if they
5223: included the /, they're not supposed to be including the tag at
5224: all! -->
5225:
5226: <p>Act as if a start tag token with the tag name "form" had been seen.</p>
5227:
5228: <p>If the token has an attribute called "action", set the
5229: <code title="attr-form-action">action</code> attribute on the
5230: resulting <code><a href="forms.html#the-form-element">form</a></code> element to the value of the
5231: "action" attribute of the token.</p>
5232:
5233: <p>Act as if a start tag token with the tag name "hr" had been
5234: seen.</p>
5235:
5236: <p>Act as if a start tag token with the tag name "label" had been
5237: seen.</p>
5238:
5239: <p>Act as if a stream of character tokens had been seen (see below
5240: for what they should say).</p>
5241:
5242: <p>Act as if a start tag token with the tag name "input" had been
5243: seen, with all the attributes from the "isindex" token except
5244: "name", "action", and "prompt". Set the <code title="attr-fe-name"><a href="forms.html#attr-fe-name">name</a></code> attribute of the resulting
5245: <code><a href="forms.html#the-input-element">input</a></code> element to the value "<code title="">isindex</code>".</p>
5246:
5247: <p>Act as if a stream of character tokens had been seen (see
5248: below for what they should say).</p>
5249:
5250: <p>Act as if an end tag token with the tag name "label" had been
5251: seen.</p>
5252:
5253: <p>Act as if a start tag token with the tag name "hr" had been
5254: seen.</p>
5255:
5256: <p>Act as if an end tag token with the tag name "form" had been
5257: seen.</p>
5258:
5259: <p>If the token has an attribute with the name "prompt", then the
5260: first stream of characters must be the same string as given in
5261: that attribute, and the second stream of characters must be
5262: empty. Otherwise, the two streams of character tokens together
5263: should, together with the <code><a href="forms.html#the-input-element">input</a></code> element, express the
5264: equivalent of "This is a searchable index. Insert your search
5265: keywords here: (input field)" in the user's preferred
5266: language.</p>
5267:
5268: </dd>
5269:
5270: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "textarea"</dt>
5271: <dd>
5272:
5273: <ol><li><p><a href="#insert-an-html-element">Insert an HTML element</a> for the
5274: token.</p></li>
5275:
5276: <li><p>If the next token is a U+000A LINE FEED (LF) character
5277: token, then ignore that token and move on to the next
5278: one. (Newlines at the start of <code><a href="forms.html#the-textarea-element">textarea</a></code> elements are
5279: ignored as an authoring convenience.)</p></li>
5280:
5281: <li><p>Switch the tokenizer's <a href="#content-model-flag">content model flag</a> to
5282: the RCDATA state.</p></li>
5283:
5284: <li><p>Let the <a href="#original-insertion-mode">original insertion mode</a> be the
5285: current <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a>.</p>
5286:
5287: </li><li><p>Set the <a href="#frameset-ok-flag">frameset-ok flag</a> to "not
5288: ok".</p></li>
5289:
1.91 mike 5290: <li><p>Switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to "<a href="#parsing-main-incdata" title="insertion mode: in RAWTEXT/RCDATA">in
5291: RAWTEXT/RCDATA</a>".</p></li>
1.1 mike 5292:
5293: </ol></dd>
5294:
5295: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "xmp"</dt>
5296: <dd>
5297:
5298: <p><a href="#reconstruct-the-active-formatting-elements">Reconstruct the active formatting elements</a>, if
5299: any.</p>
5300:
5301: <p>Set the <a href="#frameset-ok-flag">frameset-ok flag</a> to "not ok".</p>
5302:
1.91 mike 5303: <p>Follow the <a href="#generic-raw-text-element-parsing-algorithm">generic raw text element parsing algorithm</a>.</p>
1.1 mike 5304:
5305: </dd>
5306:
5307: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "iframe"</dt>
5308: <dd>
5309:
5310: <p>Set the <a href="#frameset-ok-flag">frameset-ok flag</a> to "not ok".</p>
5311:
1.91 mike 5312: <p>Follow the <a href="#generic-raw-text-element-parsing-algorithm">generic raw text element parsing algorithm</a>.</p>
1.1 mike 5313:
5314: </dd>
5315:
5316: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "noembed"</dt>
5317: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "noscript", if the <a href="#scripting-flag">scripting flag</a> is enabled</dt>
5318: <dd>
5319:
1.91 mike 5320: <p>Follow the <a href="#generic-raw-text-element-parsing-algorithm">generic raw text element parsing algorithm</a>.</p>
1.1 mike 5321:
5322: </dd>
5323:
5324: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "select"</dt>
5325: <dd>
5326:
5327: <p><a href="#reconstruct-the-active-formatting-elements">Reconstruct the active formatting elements</a>, if
5328: any.</p>
5329:
5330: <p><a href="#insert-an-html-element">Insert an HTML element</a> for the token.</p>
5331:
5332: <p>Set the <a href="#frameset-ok-flag">frameset-ok flag</a> to "not ok".</p>
5333:
5334: <p>If the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> is one of <a href="#parsing-main-intable" title="insertion mode: in table">in table</a>", "<a href="#parsing-main-incaption" title="insertion mode: in caption">in caption</a>", "<a href="#parsing-main-incolgroup" title="insertion mode: in column group">in column group</a>",
5335: "<a href="#parsing-main-intbody" title="insertion mode: in table body">in table
5336: body</a>", "<a href="#parsing-main-intr" title="insertion mode: in row">in
5337: row</a>", or "<a href="#parsing-main-intd" title="insertion mode: in cell">in
5338: cell</a>", then switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to
5339: "<a href="#parsing-main-inselectintable" title="insertion mode: in select in table">in select in
5340: table</a>". Otherwise, switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a>
5341: to "<a href="#parsing-main-inselect" title="insertion mode: in select">in select</a>".</p>
5342:
5343: </dd>
5344:
5345: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is one of: "optgroup", "option"</dt>
5346: <dd>
5347:
5348: <p>If the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> <a href="#has-an-element-in-scope" title="has an
5349: element in scope">has an <code>option</code> element in
5350: scope</a>, then act as if an end tag with the tag name "option"
5351: had been seen.</p>
5352:
5353: <p><a href="#reconstruct-the-active-formatting-elements">Reconstruct the active formatting elements</a>, if
5354: any.</p>
5355:
5356: <p><a href="#insert-an-html-element">Insert an HTML element</a> for the token.</p>
5357:
5358: </dd>
5359:
5360: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is one of: "rp", "rt"</dt>
5361: <dd>
5362:
5363: <!-- the parsing rules for ruby really don't match IE much at all,
5364: but in practice the markup used is very simple and so strict
5365: compatibility with IE isn't required. For example, as defined
5366: here we get very, very different behaviour than IE for
5367: pathological cases like:
5368:
5369: <ruby><ol><li><p>a<rt>b
5370: <ruby>a<rt>b<p>c
5371:
5372: But in practice most ruby markup falls into these cases:
5373:
5374: <ruby>a<rt>b</ruby>
5375: <ruby>a<rp>b<rt>c<rp>d</ruby>
5376: <ruby>a<rt>b</rt></ruby>
5377: <ruby>a<rp>b</rp><rt>c</rt><rp>d</rp></ruby>
5378:
5379: -->
5380:
5381: <p>If the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> <a href="#has-an-element-in-scope" title="has an
5382: element in scope">has a <code>ruby</code> element in scope</a>,
5383: then <a href="#generate-implied-end-tags">generate implied end tags</a>. If the <a href="#current-node">current
5384: node</a> is not then a <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-ruby-element">ruby</a></code> element, this is a
5385: <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a>; pop all the nodes from the <a href="#current-node">current
5386: node</a> up to the node immediately before the bottommost
5387: <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-ruby-element">ruby</a></code> element on the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open
5388: elements</a>.</p>
5389:
5390: <p><a href="#insert-an-html-element">Insert an HTML element</a> for the token.</p>
5391:
5392: </dd>
5393:
5394: <dt>An end tag whose tag name is "br"</dt>
5395: <dd>
5396: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Act as if a start tag token with
5397: the tag name "br" had been seen. Ignore the end tag token.</p>
5398: </dd>
5399:
5400: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "math"</dt>
5401: <dd>
5402:
5403: <p><a href="#reconstruct-the-active-formatting-elements">Reconstruct the active formatting elements</a>, if
5404: any.</p>
5405:
5406: <p><a href="#adjust-mathml-attributes">Adjust MathML attributes</a> for the token. (This
5407: fixes the case of MathML attributes that are not all
5408: lowercase.)</p>
5409:
5410: <p><a href="#adjust-foreign-attributes">Adjust foreign attributes</a> for the token. (This
5411: fixes the use of namespaced attributes, in particular XLink.)</p>
5412:
5413: <p><a href="#insert-a-foreign-element">Insert a foreign element</a> for the token, in the
5414: <a href="#mathml-namespace">MathML namespace</a>.</p>
5415:
5416: <!-- If we ever change the frameset-ok flag to an insertion mode,
5417: the following change would be implied, except we'd have to do it
5418: even in the face of a self-closed tag:
5419: <p>Set the <span>frameset-ok flag</span> to "not ok".</p>
5420: -->
5421:
5422: <p>If the token has its <i>self-closing flag</i> set, pop the
5423: <a href="#current-node">current node</a> off the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open
5424: elements</a> and <a href="#acknowledge-self-closing-flag" title="acknowledge self-closing
5425: flag">acknowledge the token's <i>self-closing flag</i></a>.</p>
5426:
5427: <p>Otherwise, if the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> is not already
5428: "<a href="#parsing-main-inforeign" title="insertion mode: in foreign content">in foreign
5429: content</a>", let the <a href="#secondary-insertion-mode">secondary insertion mode</a> be
5430: the current <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a>, and then switch the
5431: <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to "<a href="#parsing-main-inforeign" title="insertion mode: in
5432: foreign content">in foreign content</a>".</p>
5433:
5434: </dd>
5435:
5436: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "svg"</dt>
5437: <dd>
5438:
5439: <p><a href="#reconstruct-the-active-formatting-elements">Reconstruct the active formatting elements</a>, if
5440: any.</p>
5441:
5442: <p><a href="#adjust-svg-attributes">Adjust SVG attributes</a> for the token. (This fixes
5443: the case of SVG attributes that are not all lowercase.)</p>
5444:
5445: <p><a href="#adjust-foreign-attributes">Adjust foreign attributes</a> for the token. (This
5446: fixes the use of namespaced attributes, in particular XLink in
5447: SVG.)</p>
5448:
5449: <p><a href="#insert-a-foreign-element">Insert a foreign element</a> for the token, in the
5450: <a href="#svg-namespace">SVG namespace</a>.</p>
5451:
5452: <!-- If we ever change the frameset-ok flag to an insertion mode,
5453: the following change would be implied, except we'd have to do it
5454: even in the face of a self-closed tag:
5455: <p>Set the <span>frameset-ok flag</span> to "not ok".</p>
5456: -->
5457:
5458: <p>If the token has its <i>self-closing flag</i> set, pop the
5459: <a href="#current-node">current node</a> off the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open
5460: elements</a> and <a href="#acknowledge-self-closing-flag" title="acknowledge self-closing
5461: flag">acknowledge the token's <i>self-closing flag</i></a>.</p>
5462:
5463: <p>Otherwise, if the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> is not already
5464: "<a href="#parsing-main-inforeign" title="insertion mode: in foreign content">in foreign
5465: content</a>", let the <a href="#secondary-insertion-mode">secondary insertion mode</a> be
5466: the current <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a>, and then switch the
5467: <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to "<a href="#parsing-main-inforeign" title="insertion mode: in
5468: foreign content">in foreign content</a>".</p>
5469:
5470: </dd>
5471:
5472: <dt>A start <!--or end--> tag whose tag name is one of: "caption",
5473: "col", "colgroup", "frame", "head", "tbody", "td", "tfoot", "th",
5474: "thead", "tr"</dt>
5475: <!--<dt>An end tag whose tag name is one of: "area", "base",
5476: "basefont", "bgsound", "command", "embed", "hr", "iframe", "image",
5477: "img", "input", "isindex", "keygen", "link", "meta", "noembed",
5478: "noframes", "param", "script", "select", "source", "spacer",
5479: "style", "table", "textarea", "title", "wbr"</dt>-->
5480: <!--<dt>An end tag whose tag name is "noscript", if the
5481: <span>scripting flag</span> is enabled</dt>-->
5482: <dd>
5483: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Ignore the token.</p>
5484: <!-- end tags are commented out because since they can never end
5485: up on the stack anyway, the default end tag clause will
5486: automatically handle them. we don't want to have text in the spec
5487: that is just an optimisation, as that detracts from the spec
5488: itself -->
5489: </dd>
5490:
5491: <dt>Any other start tag</dt>
5492: <dd>
5493:
5494: <p><a href="#reconstruct-the-active-formatting-elements">Reconstruct the active formatting elements</a>, if
5495: any.</p>
5496:
5497: <p><a href="#insert-an-html-element">Insert an HTML element</a> for the token.</p>
5498:
5499: <p class="note">This element will be a <a href="#phrasing">phrasing</a>
5500: element.</p>
5501:
5502: </dd>
5503:
5504: <dt>Any other end tag</dt>
5505: <dd>
5506:
5507: <p>Run the following steps:</p>
5508:
5509: <ol><li><p>Initialize <var title="">node</var> to be the <a href="#current-node">current
5510: node</a> (the bottommost node of the stack).</p></li>
5511:
5512: <li><p>If <var title="">node</var> has the same tag name as
5513: the end tag token, then:</p>
5514:
5515: <ol><li><p><a href="#generate-implied-end-tags">Generate implied end tags</a>.</p></li>
5516:
5517: <li><p>If the tag name of the end tag token does not match
5518: the tag name of the <a href="#current-node">current node</a>, this is a
5519: <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a>.</p></li>
5520:
5521: <li><p>Pop all the nodes from the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> up
5522: to <var title="">node</var>, including <var title="">node</var>, then stop these steps.</p></li>
5523:
5524: </ol></li>
5525:
5526: <li><p>Otherwise, if <var title="">node</var> is in neither the
5527: <a href="#formatting">formatting</a> category nor the <a href="#phrasing">phrasing</a>
5528: category, then this is a <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a>; ignore the
5529: token, and abort these steps.</p></li>
5530:
5531: <li><p>Set <var title="">node</var> to the previous entry in the
5532: <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a>.</p></li>
5533:
5534: <li><p>Return to step 2.</p></li>
5535:
5536: </ol></dd>
5537:
1.91 mike 5538: </dl><h5 id="parsing-main-incdata"><span class="secno">9.2.5.11 </span>The "<dfn title="insertion mode: in RAWTEXT/RCDATA">in RAWTEXT/RCDATA</dfn>" insertion mode</h5>
1.1 mike 5539:
5540: <p>When the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> is "<a href="#parsing-main-incdata" title="insertion
1.91 mike 5541: mode: in RAWTEXT/RCDATA">in RAWTEXT/RCDATA</a>", tokens must be
1.1 mike 5542: handled as follows:</p>
5543:
5544: <dl class="switch"><dt>A character token</dt>
5545: <dd>
5546:
5547: <p><a href="#insert-a-character" title="insert a character">Insert the token's
5548: character</a> into the <a href="#current-node">current node</a>.</p>
5549:
5550: </dd>
5551:
5552: <dt>An end-of-file token</dt>
5553: <dd>
5554:
5555: <!-- can't be the fragment case -->
5556: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>.</p>
5557:
5558: <p>If the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> is a <code><a href="semantics.html#script">script</a></code>
5559: element, mark the <code><a href="semantics.html#script">script</a></code> element as <a href="semantics.html#already-executed">"already
5560: executed"</a>.</p>
5561:
5562: <p>Pop the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> off the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open
5563: elements</a>.</p>
5564:
5565: <p>Switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to the <a href="#original-insertion-mode">original
5566: insertion mode</a> and reprocess the current token.</p>
5567:
5568: </dd>
5569:
5570: <dt>An end tag whose tag name is "script"</dt>
5571: <dd>
5572:
5573: <p>Let <var title="">script</var> be the <a href="#current-node">current node</a>
5574: (which will be a <code><a href="semantics.html#script">script</a></code> element).</p>
5575:
5576: <p>Pop the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> off the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open
5577: elements</a>.</p>
5578:
5579: <p>Switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to the <a href="#original-insertion-mode">original
5580: insertion mode</a>.</p>
5581:
5582: <p>Let the <var title="">old insertion point</var> have the
5583: same value as the current <a href="#insertion-point">insertion point</a>. Let
5584: the <a href="#insertion-point">insertion point</a> be just before the <a href="#next-input-character">next
5585: input character</a>.</p>
5586:
5587: <p>Increment the parser's <a href="#script-nesting-level">script nesting level</a> by
5588: one.</p>
5589:
5590: <p><a href="semantics.html#running-a-script" title="running a script">Run</a> the <var title="">script</var>. This might cause some script to execute,
5591: which might cause <a href="dom.html#dom-document-write" title="dom-document-write">new characters
5592: to be inserted into the tokenizer</a>, and might cause the
5593: tokenizer to output more tokens, resulting in a <a href="#nestedParsing">reentrant invocation of the parser</a>.</p>
5594:
5595: <p>Decrement the parser's <a href="#script-nesting-level">script nesting level</a> by
5596: one. If the parser's <a href="#script-nesting-level">script nesting level</a> is zero,
5597: then set the <a href="#parser-pause-flag">parser pause flag</a> to false.</p>
5598:
5599: <p>Let the <a href="#insertion-point">insertion point</a> have the value of the <var title="">old insertion point</var>. (In other words, restore the
5600: <a href="#insertion-point">insertion point</a> to its previous value. This value
5601: might be the "undefined" value.)</p>
5602:
5603: <p id="scriptTagParserResumes">At this stage, if there is a
5604: <a href="semantics.html#pending-external-script">pending external script</a>, then:</p>
5605:
5606: <dl class="switch"><dt>If the <a href="#script-nesting-level">script nesting level</a> is not zero:</dt>
5607:
5608: <dd>
5609:
5610: <p>Set the <a href="#parser-pause-flag">parser pause flag</a> to true, and abort the
5611: processing of any nested invocations of the tokenizer, yielding
5612: control back to the caller. (Tokenization will resume when the
5613: caller returns to the "outer" tree construction stage.)</p>
5614:
5615: <p class="note">The tree construction stage of this particular
5616: parser is <a href="#nestedParsing">being called reentrantly</a>,
5617: say from a call to <code title="dom-document-write"><a href="dom.html#dom-document-write">document.write()</a></code>.</p>
5618:
5619: </dd>
5620:
5621:
5622: <dt>Otherwise:</dt>
5623:
5624: <dd>
5625:
5626: <p>Follow these steps:</p>
5627:
5628: <ol><li><p>Let <var title="">the script</var> be the <a href="semantics.html#pending-external-script">pending
5629: external script</a>. There is no longer a <a href="semantics.html#pending-external-script">pending
5630: external script</a>.</p></li>
5631:
5632: <li><p><a href="browsers.html#pause">Pause</a> until the script has <a href="semantics.html#completed-loading">completed
5633: loading</a>.</p></li>
5634:
5635: <li><p>Let the <a href="#insertion-point">insertion point</a> be just before the
5636: <a href="#next-input-character">next input character</a>.</p></li>
5637:
5638: <li><p>Increment the parser's <a href="#script-nesting-level">script nesting level</a>
5639: by one (it should be zero before this step, so this sets it to
5640: one).</p></li>
5641:
5642: <li><p><a href="semantics.html#executing-a-script-block" title="executing a script block">Execute the
5643: script</a>.</p></li>
5644:
5645: <li><p>Decrement the parser's <a href="#script-nesting-level">script nesting level</a>
5646: by one. If the parser's <a href="#script-nesting-level">script nesting level</a> is
5647: zero (which it always should be at this point), then set the
5648: <a href="#parser-pause-flag">parser pause flag</a> to false.</p>
5649:
5650: </li><li><p>Let the <a href="#insertion-point">insertion point</a> be undefined
5651: again.</p></li>
5652:
5653: <li><p>If there is once again a <a href="semantics.html#pending-external-script">pending external
5654: script</a>, then repeat these steps from step 1.</p></li>
5655:
5656: </ol></dd>
5657:
5658: </dl></dd>
5659:
5660: <dt>Any other end tag</dt>
5661: <dd>
5662:
5663: <p>Pop the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> off the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open
5664: elements</a>.</p>
5665:
5666: <p>Switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to the <a href="#original-insertion-mode">original
5667: insertion mode</a>.</p>
5668:
5669: </dd>
5670:
5671: </dl><h5 id="parsing-main-intable"><span class="secno">9.2.5.12 </span>The "<dfn title="insertion mode: in table">in table</dfn>" insertion mode</h5>
5672:
5673: <p>When the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> is "<a href="#parsing-main-intable" title="insertion
5674: mode: in table">in table</a>", tokens must be handled as follows:</p>
5675:
5676: <dl class="switch"><dt>A character token</dt>
5677: <dd>
5678:
5679: <p>Let the <dfn id="pending-table-character-tokens"><var>pending table character tokens</var></dfn>
5680: be an empty list of tokens.</p>
5681:
5682: <p>Let the <a href="#original-insertion-mode">original insertion mode</a> be the current
5683: <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a>.</p>
5684:
5685: <p>Switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to "<a href="#parsing-main-intabletext" title="insertion mode: in table text">in table text</a>" and
5686: reprocess the token.</p>
5687:
5688: </dd>
5689:
5690: <dt>A comment token</dt>
5691: <dd>
5692: <p>Append a <code>Comment</code> node to the <a href="#current-node">current
5693: node</a> with the <code title="">data</code> attribute set to
5694: the data given in the comment token.</p>
5695: </dd>
5696:
5697: <dt>A DOCTYPE token</dt>
5698: <dd>
5699: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Ignore the token.</p>
5700: </dd>
5701:
5702: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "caption"</dt>
5703: <dd>
5704:
5705: <p><a href="#clear-the-stack-back-to-a-table-context">Clear the stack back to a table context</a>. (See
5706: below.)</p>
5707:
5708: <p>Insert a marker at the end of the <a href="#list-of-active-formatting-elements">list of active
5709: formatting elements</a>.</p>
5710:
5711: <p><a href="#insert-an-html-element">Insert an HTML element</a> for the token, then
5712: switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to "<a href="#parsing-main-incaption" title="insertion mode: in caption">in caption</a>".</p>
5713:
5714: </dd>
5715:
5716: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "colgroup"</dt>
5717: <dd>
5718:
5719: <p><a href="#clear-the-stack-back-to-a-table-context">Clear the stack back to a table context</a>. (See
5720: below.)</p>
5721:
5722: <p><a href="#insert-an-html-element">Insert an HTML element</a> for the token, then
5723: switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to "<a href="#parsing-main-incolgroup" title="insertion mode: in column group">in column
5724: group</a>".</p>
5725:
5726: </dd>
5727:
5728: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "col"</dt>
5729: <dd>
5730: <p>Act as if a start tag token with the tag name "colgroup"
5731: had been seen, then reprocess the current token.</p>
5732: </dd>
5733:
5734: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is one of: "tbody", "tfoot", "thead"</dt>
5735: <dd>
5736:
5737: <p><a href="#clear-the-stack-back-to-a-table-context">Clear the stack back to a table context</a>. (See
5738: below.)</p>
5739:
5740: <p><a href="#insert-an-html-element">Insert an HTML element</a> for the token, then
5741: switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to "<a href="#parsing-main-intbody" title="insertion mode: in table body">in table
5742: body</a>".</p>
5743:
5744: </dd>
5745:
5746: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is one of: "td", "th", "tr"</dt>
5747: <dd>
5748: <p>Act as if a start tag token with the tag name "tbody" had
5749: been seen, then reprocess the current token.</p>
5750: </dd>
5751:
5752: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "table"</dt>
5753: <dd>
5754:
5755: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Act as if an end tag token with
5756: the tag name "table" had been seen, then, if that token wasn't
5757: ignored, reprocess the current token.</p>
5758:
5759: <p class="note">The fake end tag token here can only be
5760: ignored in the <a href="#fragment-case">fragment case</a>.</p>
5761:
5762: </dd>
5763:
5764: <dt>An end tag whose tag name is "table"</dt>
5765: <dd>
5766:
5767: <p>If the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> does not <a href="#has-an-element-in-table-scope" title="has an element in table scope">have an element in table
5768: scope</a> with the same tag name as the token, this is a
5769: <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a>. Ignore the token. (<a href="#fragment-case">fragment
5770: case</a>)</p>
5771:
5772: <p>Otherwise:</p>
5773:
5774: <p>Pop elements from this stack until a <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-table-element">table</a></code>
5775: element has been popped from the stack.</p>
5776:
5777: <p><a href="#reset-the-insertion-mode-appropriately">Reset the insertion mode appropriately</a>.</p>
5778:
5779: </dd>
5780:
5781: <dt>An end tag whose tag name is one of: "body", "caption",
5782: "col", "colgroup", "html", "tbody", "td", "tfoot", "th",
5783: "thead", "tr"</dt>
5784: <dd>
5785: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Ignore the token.</p>
5786: </dd>
5787:
5788: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is one of: "style", "script"</dt>
5789: <dd>
5790:
5791: <p>Process the token <a href="#using-the-rules-for">using the rules for</a> the "<a href="#parsing-main-inhead" title="insertion mode: in head">in head</a>" <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion
5792: mode</a>.</p>
5793:
5794: </dd>
5795:
5796: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "input"</dt>
5797: <dd>
5798:
5799: <p>If the token does not have an attribute with the name "type",
5800: or if it does, but that attribute's value is not an <a href="infrastructure.html#ascii-case-insensitive">ASCII
5801: case-insensitive</a> match for the string "<code title="">hidden</code>", then: act as described in the "anything
5802: else" entry below.</p>
5803:
5804: <p>Otherwise:</p>
5805:
5806: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>.</p>
5807:
5808: <p><a href="#insert-an-html-element">Insert an HTML element</a> for the token.</p>
5809:
5810: <p>Pop that <code><a href="forms.html#the-input-element">input</a></code> element off the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of
5811: open elements</a>.</p>
5812:
5813: </dd>
5814:
5815: <dt>An end-of-file token</dt>
5816: <dd>
5817:
5818: <p>If the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> is not the root
5819: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element">html</a></code> element, then this is a <a href="#parse-error">parse
5820: error</a>.</p>
5821:
5822: <p class="note">It can only be the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> in
5823: the <a href="#fragment-case">fragment case</a>.</p>
5824:
5825: <p><a href="#stop-parsing">Stop parsing</a>.</p>
5826:
5827: </dd>
5828:
5829: <dt>Anything else</dt>
5830: <dd>
5831:
5832: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Process the token <a href="#using-the-rules-for">using the
5833: rules for</a> the "<a href="#parsing-main-inbody" title="insertion mode: in body">in
5834: body</a>" <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a>, except that if the
5835: <a href="#current-node">current node</a> is a <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-table-element">table</a></code>,
5836: <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tbody-element">tbody</a></code>, <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tfoot-element">tfoot</a></code>, <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-thead-element">thead</a></code>, or
5837: <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tr-element">tr</a></code> element, then, whenever a node would be inserted
5838: into the <a href="#current-node">current node</a>, it must instead be <a href="#foster-parent" title="foster parent">foster parented</a>.</p>
5839:
5840: </dd>
5841:
5842: </dl><p>When the steps above require the UA to <dfn id="clear-the-stack-back-to-a-table-context">clear the stack
5843: back to a table context</dfn>, it means that the UA must, while
5844: the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> is not a <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-table-element">table</a></code>
5845: element or an <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element">html</a></code> element, pop elements from the
5846: <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a>.</p>
5847:
5848: <p class="note">The <a href="#current-node">current node</a> being an
5849: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element">html</a></code> element after this process is a <a href="#fragment-case">fragment
5850: case</a>.</p>
5851:
5852:
5853:
5854: <h5 id="parsing-main-intabletext"><span class="secno">9.2.5.13 </span>The "<dfn title="insertion mode: in table text">in table text</dfn>" insertion mode</h5>
5855:
5856: <p>When the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> is "<a href="#parsing-main-intabletext" title="insertion
5857: mode: in table text">in table text</a>", tokens must be handled
5858: as follows:</p>
5859:
5860: <dl class="switch"><dt>A character token</dt>
5861: <dd>
5862:
5863: <p>Append the character token to the <var><a href="#pending-table-character-tokens">pending table character
5864: tokens</a></var> list.</p>
5865:
5866: </dd>
5867:
5868:
5869: <dt>Anything else</dt>
5870: <dd>
5871:
5872: <p>If any of the tokens in the <var><a href="#pending-table-character-tokens">pending table character
5873: tokens</a></var> list are character tokens that are not one of U+0009
5874: CHARACTER TABULATION, U+000A LINE FEED (LF), U+000C FORM FEED
5875: (FF), <!--U+000D CARRIAGE RETURN (CR),--> or U+0020 SPACE, then
5876: reprocess those character tokens using the rules given in the
5877: "anything else" entry in the <a href="#parsing-main-intable" title="insertion mode: in
5878: table">in table</a>" insertion mode.</p>
5879:
5880: <p>Otherwise, <a href="#insert-a-character" title="insert a character">insert the
5881: characters</a> given by the <var><a href="#pending-table-character-tokens">pending table character
5882: tokens</a></var> list into the <a href="#current-node">current node</a>.</p>
5883:
5884: <p>Switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to the <a href="#original-insertion-mode">original
5885: insertion mode</a> and reprocess the token.</p>
5886:
5887: </dd>
5888:
5889: </dl><h5 id="parsing-main-incaption"><span class="secno">9.2.5.14 </span>The "<dfn title="insertion mode: in caption">in caption</dfn>" insertion mode</h5>
5890:
5891: <p>When the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> is "<a href="#parsing-main-incaption" title="insertion
5892: mode: in caption">in caption</a>", tokens must be handled as follows:</p>
5893:
5894: <dl class="switch"><dt>An end tag whose tag name is "caption"</dt>
5895: <dd>
5896:
5897: <p>If the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> does not <a href="#has-an-element-in-table-scope" title="has an element in table scope">have an element in table
5898: scope</a> with the same tag name as the token, this is a
5899: <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a>. Ignore the token. (<a href="#fragment-case">fragment
5900: case</a>)</p>
5901:
5902: <p>Otherwise:</p>
5903:
5904: <p><a href="#generate-implied-end-tags">Generate implied end tags</a>.</p>
5905:
5906: <p>Now, if the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> is not a
5907: <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-caption-element">caption</a></code> element, then this is a <a href="#parse-error">parse
5908: error</a>.</p>
5909:
5910: <p>Pop elements from this stack until a <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-caption-element">caption</a></code>
5911: element has been popped from the stack.</p>
5912:
5913: <p><a href="#clear-the-list-of-active-formatting-elements-up-to-the-last-marker">Clear the list of active formatting elements up to
5914: the last marker</a>.</p>
5915:
5916: <p>Switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to "<a href="#parsing-main-intable" title="insertion mode: in table">in table</a>".</p>
5917:
5918: </dd>
5919:
5920: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is one of: "caption", "col",
5921: "colgroup", "tbody", "td", "tfoot", "th", "thead", "tr"</dt>
5922: <dt>An end tag whose tag name is "table"</dt>
5923: <dd>
5924:
5925: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Act as if an end tag with the tag
5926: name "caption" had been seen, then, if that token wasn't
5927: ignored, reprocess the current token.</p>
5928:
5929: <p class="note">The fake end tag token here can only be
5930: ignored in the <a href="#fragment-case">fragment case</a>.</p>
5931:
5932: </dd>
5933:
5934: <dt>An end tag whose tag name is one of: "body", "col",
5935: "colgroup", "html", "tbody", "td", "tfoot", "th", "thead",
5936: "tr"</dt>
5937: <dd>
5938: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Ignore the token.</p>
5939: </dd>
5940:
5941: <dt>Anything else</dt>
5942: <dd>
5943: <p>Process the token <a href="#using-the-rules-for">using the rules for</a> the "<a href="#parsing-main-inbody" title="insertion mode: in body">in body</a>" <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion
5944: mode</a>.</p>
5945: </dd>
5946:
5947: </dl><h5 id="parsing-main-incolgroup"><span class="secno">9.2.5.15 </span>The "<dfn title="insertion mode: in column group">in column group</dfn>" insertion mode</h5>
5948:
5949: <p>When the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> is "<a href="#parsing-main-incolgroup" title="insertion
5950: mode: in column group">in column group</a>", tokens must be handled as follows:</p>
5951:
5952: <dl class="switch"><dt>A character token that is one of U+0009 CHARACTER
5953: TABULATION, U+000A LINE FEED (LF), U+000C FORM FEED (FF),
5954: <!--U+000D CARRIAGE RETURN (CR),--> or U+0020 SPACE</dt>
5955: <dd>
5956: <p><a href="#insert-a-character" title="insert a character">Insert the character</a> into
5957: the <a href="#current-node">current node</a>.</p>
5958: </dd>
5959:
5960: <dt>A comment token</dt>
5961: <dd>
5962: <p>Append a <code>Comment</code> node to the <a href="#current-node">current
5963: node</a> with the <code title="">data</code> attribute set to
5964: the data given in the comment token.</p>
5965: </dd>
5966:
5967: <dt>A DOCTYPE token</dt>
5968: <dd>
5969: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Ignore the token.</p>
5970: </dd>
5971:
5972: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "html"</dt>
5973: <dd>
5974: <p>Process the token <a href="#using-the-rules-for">using the rules for</a> the "<a href="#parsing-main-inbody" title="insertion mode: in body">in body</a>" <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion
5975: mode</a>.</p>
5976: </dd>
5977:
5978: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "col"</dt>
5979: <dd>
5980:
5981: <p><a href="#insert-an-html-element">Insert an HTML element</a> for the token. Immediately
5982: pop the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> off the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open
5983: elements</a>.</p>
5984:
5985: <p><a href="#acknowledge-self-closing-flag" title="acknowledge self-closing flag">Acknowledge the
5986: token's <i>self-closing flag</i></a>, if it is set.</p>
5987:
5988: </dd>
5989:
5990: <dt>An end tag whose tag name is "colgroup"</dt>
5991: <dd>
5992:
5993: <p>If the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> is the root
5994: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element">html</a></code> element, then this is a <a href="#parse-error">parse
5995: error</a>; ignore the token. (<a href="#fragment-case">fragment
5996: case</a>)</p>
5997:
5998: <p>Otherwise, pop the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> (which will be
5999: a <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-colgroup-element">colgroup</a></code> element) from the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open
6000: elements</a>. Switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to
6001: "<a href="#parsing-main-intable" title="insertion mode: in table">in table</a>".</p>
6002:
6003: </dd>
6004:
6005: <dt>An end tag whose tag name is "col"</dt>
6006: <dd>
6007: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Ignore the token.</p>
6008: </dd>
6009:
6010: <dt>An end-of-file token</dt>
6011: <dd>
6012:
6013: <p>If the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> is the root <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element">html</a></code>
6014: element, then <a href="#stop-parsing">stop parsing</a>. (<a href="#fragment-case">fragment
6015: case</a>)</p>
6016:
6017: <p>Otherwise, act as described in the "anything else" entry
6018: below.</p>
6019:
6020: </dd>
6021:
6022: <dt>Anything else</dt>
6023: <dd>
6024:
6025: <p>Act as if an end tag with the tag name "colgroup" had been
6026: seen, and then, if that token wasn't ignored, reprocess the
6027: current token.</p>
6028:
6029: <p class="note">The fake end tag token here can only be
6030: ignored in the <a href="#fragment-case">fragment case</a>.</p>
6031:
6032: </dd>
6033:
6034: </dl><h5 id="parsing-main-intbody"><span class="secno">9.2.5.16 </span>The "<dfn title="insertion mode: in table body">in table body</dfn>" insertion mode</h5>
6035:
6036: <p>When the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> is "<a href="#parsing-main-intbody" title="insertion
6037: mode: in table body">in table body</a>", tokens must be handled as follows:</p>
6038:
6039: <dl class="switch"><dt>A start tag whose tag name is "tr"</dt>
6040: <dd>
6041:
6042: <p><a href="#clear-the-stack-back-to-a-table-body-context">Clear the stack back to a table body
6043: context</a>. (See below.)</p>
6044:
6045: <p><a href="#insert-an-html-element">Insert an HTML element</a> for the token, then switch
6046: the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to "<a href="#parsing-main-intr" title="insertion mode:
6047: in row">in row</a>".</p>
6048:
6049: </dd>
6050:
6051: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is one of: "th", "td"</dt>
6052: <dd>
6053: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Act as if a start tag with
6054: the tag name "tr" had been seen, then reprocess the current
6055: token.</p>
6056: </dd>
6057:
6058: <dt>An end tag whose tag name is one of: "tbody", "tfoot",
6059: "thead"</dt>
6060: <dd>
6061:
6062: <p>If the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> does not <a href="#has-an-element-in-table-scope" title="has an element in table scope">have an element in table
6063: scope</a> with the same tag name as the token, this is a
6064: <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a>. Ignore the token.</p>
6065:
6066: <p>Otherwise:</p>
6067:
6068: <p><a href="#clear-the-stack-back-to-a-table-body-context">Clear the stack back to a table body
6069: context</a>. (See below.)</p>
6070:
6071: <p>Pop the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> from the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of
6072: open elements</a>. Switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a>
6073: to "<a href="#parsing-main-intable" title="insertion mode: in table">in table</a>".</p>
6074:
6075: </dd>
6076:
6077: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is one of: "caption", "col",
6078: "colgroup", "tbody", "tfoot", "thead"</dt>
6079: <dt>An end tag whose tag name is "table"</dt>
6080: <dd>
6081:
6082: <p>If the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> does not <a href="#has-an-element-in-table-scope" title="has an element in table scope">have a
6083: <code>tbody</code>, <code>thead</code>, or <code>tfoot</code>
6084: element in table scope</a>, this is a <a href="#parse-error">parse
6085: error</a>. Ignore the token. (<a href="#fragment-case">fragment
6086: case</a>)</p>
6087:
6088: <p>Otherwise:</p>
6089:
6090: <p><a href="#clear-the-stack-back-to-a-table-body-context">Clear the stack back to a table body
6091: context</a>. (See below.)</p>
6092:
6093: <p>Act as if an end tag with the same tag name as the
6094: <a href="#current-node">current node</a> ("tbody", "tfoot", or "thead") had
6095: been seen, then reprocess the current token.</p>
6096:
6097: </dd>
6098:
6099: <dt>An end tag whose tag name is one of: "body", "caption",
6100: "col", "colgroup", "html", "td", "th", "tr"</dt>
6101: <dd>
6102: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Ignore the token.</p>
6103: </dd>
6104:
6105: <dt>Anything else</dt>
6106: <dd>
6107: <p>Process the token <a href="#using-the-rules-for">using the rules for</a> the "<a href="#parsing-main-intable" title="insertion mode: in table">in table</a>" <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion
6108: mode</a>.</p>
6109: </dd>
6110:
6111: </dl><p>When the steps above require the UA to <dfn id="clear-the-stack-back-to-a-table-body-context">clear the stack
6112: back to a table body context</dfn>, it means that the UA must,
6113: while the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> is not a <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tbody-element">tbody</a></code>,
6114: <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tfoot-element">tfoot</a></code>, <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-thead-element">thead</a></code>, or <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element">html</a></code>
6115: element, pop elements from the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open
6116: elements</a>.</p>
6117:
6118: <p class="note">The <a href="#current-node">current node</a> being an
6119: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element">html</a></code> element after this process is a <a href="#fragment-case">fragment
6120: case</a>.</p>
6121:
6122:
6123: <h5 id="parsing-main-intr"><span class="secno">9.2.5.17 </span>The "<dfn title="insertion mode: in row">in row</dfn>" insertion mode</h5>
6124:
6125: <p>When the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> is "<a href="#parsing-main-intr" title="insertion
6126: mode: in row">in row</a>", tokens must be handled as follows:</p>
6127:
6128: <dl class="switch"><dt>A start tag whose tag name is one of: "th", "td"</dt>
6129: <dd>
6130:
6131: <p><a href="#clear-the-stack-back-to-a-table-row-context">Clear the stack back to a table row
6132: context</a>. (See below.)</p>
6133:
6134: <p><a href="#insert-an-html-element">Insert an HTML element</a> for the token, then switch
6135: the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to "<a href="#parsing-main-intd" title="insertion mode:
6136: in cell">in cell</a>".</p>
6137:
6138: <p>Insert a marker at the end of the <a href="#list-of-active-formatting-elements">list of active
6139: formatting elements</a>.</p>
6140:
6141: </dd>
6142:
6143: <dt>An end tag whose tag name is "tr"</dt>
6144: <dd>
6145:
6146: <p>If the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> does not <a href="#has-an-element-in-table-scope" title="has an element in table scope">have an element in table
6147: scope</a> with the same tag name as the token, this is a
6148: <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a>. Ignore the token. (<a href="#fragment-case">fragment
6149: case</a>)</p>
6150:
6151: <p>Otherwise:</p>
6152:
6153: <p><a href="#clear-the-stack-back-to-a-table-row-context">Clear the stack back to a table row
6154: context</a>. (See below.)</p>
6155:
6156: <p>Pop the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> (which will be a
6157: <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tr-element">tr</a></code> element) from the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open
6158: elements</a>. Switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to
6159: "<a href="#parsing-main-intbody" title="insertion mode: in table body">in table
6160: body</a>".</p>
6161:
6162: </dd>
6163:
6164: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is one of: "caption", "col",
6165: "colgroup", "tbody", "tfoot", "thead", "tr"</dt>
6166: <dt>An end tag whose tag name is "table"</dt>
6167: <dd>
6168:
6169: <p>Act as if an end tag with the tag name "tr" had been seen,
6170: then, if that token wasn't ignored, reprocess the current
6171: token.</p>
6172:
6173: <p class="note">The fake end tag token here can only be
6174: ignored in the <a href="#fragment-case">fragment case</a>.</p>
6175:
6176: </dd>
6177:
6178: <dt>An end tag whose tag name is one of: "tbody", "tfoot",
6179: "thead"</dt>
6180: <dd>
6181:
6182: <p>If the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> does not <a href="#has-an-element-in-table-scope" title="has an element in table scope">have an element in table
6183: scope</a> with the same tag name as the token, this is a
6184: <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a>. Ignore the token.</p>
6185:
6186: <p>Otherwise, act as if an end tag with the tag name "tr" had
6187: been seen, then reprocess the current token.</p>
6188:
6189: </dd>
6190:
6191: <dt>An end tag whose tag name is one of: "body", "caption",
6192: "col", "colgroup", "html", "td", "th"</dt>
6193: <dd>
6194: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Ignore the token.</p>
6195: </dd>
6196:
6197: <dt>Anything else</dt>
6198: <dd>
6199: <p>Process the token <a href="#using-the-rules-for">using the rules for</a> the "<a href="#parsing-main-intable" title="insertion mode: in table">in table</a>" <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion
6200: mode</a>.</p>
6201: </dd>
6202:
6203: </dl><p>When the steps above require the UA to <dfn id="clear-the-stack-back-to-a-table-row-context">clear the stack
6204: back to a table row context</dfn>, it means that the UA must,
6205: while the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> is not a <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tr-element">tr</a></code>
6206: element or an <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element">html</a></code> element, pop elements from the
6207: <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a>.</p>
6208:
6209: <p class="note">The <a href="#current-node">current node</a> being an
6210: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element">html</a></code> element after this process is a <a href="#fragment-case">fragment
6211: case</a>.</p>
6212:
6213:
6214: <h5 id="parsing-main-intd"><span class="secno">9.2.5.18 </span>The "<dfn title="insertion mode: in cell">in cell</dfn>" insertion mode</h5>
6215:
6216: <p>When the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> is "<a href="#parsing-main-intd" title="insertion
6217: mode: in cell">in cell</a>", tokens must be handled as follows:</p>
6218:
6219: <dl class="switch"><dt>An end tag whose tag name is one of: "td", "th"</dt>
6220: <dd>
6221:
6222: <p>If the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> does not <a href="#has-an-element-in-table-scope" title="has an element in table scope">have an element in table
6223: scope</a> with the same tag name as that of the token, then
6224: this is a <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a> and the token must be
6225: ignored.</p>
6226:
6227: <p>Otherwise:</p>
6228:
6229: <p><a href="#generate-implied-end-tags">Generate implied end tags</a>.</p>
6230:
6231: <p>Now, if the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> is not an element
6232: with the same tag name as the token, then this is a
6233: <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a>.</p>
6234:
6235: <p>Pop elements from this stack until an element with the same
6236: tag name as the token has been popped from the stack.</p>
6237:
6238: <p><a href="#clear-the-list-of-active-formatting-elements-up-to-the-last-marker">Clear the list of active formatting elements up to
6239: the last marker</a>.</p>
6240:
6241: <p>Switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to "<a href="#parsing-main-intr" title="insertion mode: in row">in row</a>". (The
6242: <a href="#current-node">current node</a> will be a <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tr-element">tr</a></code> element at
6243: this point.)</p>
6244:
6245: </dd>
6246:
6247: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is one of: "caption", "col",
6248: "colgroup", "tbody", "td", "tfoot", "th", "thead", "tr"</dt>
6249: <dd>
6250:
6251: <p>If the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> does
6252: <em>not</em> <a href="#has-an-element-in-table-scope" title="has an element in table scope">have
6253: a <code>td</code> or <code>th</code> element in table
6254: scope</a>, then this is a <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a>; ignore
6255: the token. (<a href="#fragment-case">fragment case</a>)</p>
6256:
6257: <p>Otherwise, <a href="#close-the-cell">close the cell</a> (see below) and
6258: reprocess the current token.</p>
6259:
6260: </dd>
6261:
6262: <dt>An end tag whose tag name is one of: "body", "caption",
6263: "col", "colgroup", "html"</dt>
6264: <dd>
6265: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Ignore the token.</p>
6266: </dd>
6267:
6268: <dt>An end tag whose tag name is one of: "table", "tbody",
6269: "tfoot", "thead", "tr"</dt>
6270: <dd>
6271:
6272: <p>If the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> does not <a href="#has-an-element-in-table-scope" title="has an element in table scope">have an element in table
6273: scope</a> with the same tag name as that of the token
6274: (which can only happen for "tbody", "tfoot" and "thead", or,
6275: in the <a href="#fragment-case">fragment case</a>), then this is a <a href="#parse-error">parse
6276: error</a> and the token must be ignored.</p>
6277:
6278: <p>Otherwise, <a href="#close-the-cell">close the cell</a> (see below) and
6279: reprocess the current token.</p>
6280:
6281: </dd>
6282:
6283: <dt>Anything else</dt>
6284: <dd>
6285: <p>Process the token <a href="#using-the-rules-for">using the rules for</a> the "<a href="#parsing-main-inbody" title="insertion mode: in body">in body</a>" <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion
6286: mode</a>.</p>
6287: </dd>
6288:
6289: </dl><p>Where the steps above say to <dfn id="close-the-cell">close the cell</dfn>, they
6290: mean to run the following algorithm:</p>
6291:
6292: <ol><li><p>If the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> <a href="#has-an-element-in-table-scope" title="has an element in table scope">has a <code>td</code>
6293: element in table scope</a>, then act as if an end tag token
6294: with the tag name "td" had been seen.</p></li>
6295:
6296: <li><p>Otherwise, the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> will
6297: <a href="#has-an-element-in-table-scope" title="has an element in table scope">have a
6298: <code>th</code> element in table scope</a>; act as if an end
6299: tag token with the tag name "th" had been seen.</p></li>
6300:
6301: </ol><p class="note">The <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> cannot
6302: have both a <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-td-element">td</a></code> and a <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-th-element">th</a></code> element <a href="#has-an-element-in-table-scope" title="has an element in table scope">in table scope</a> at
6303: the same time, nor can it have neither when the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion
6304: mode</a> is "<a href="#parsing-main-intd" title="insertion mode: in cell">in
6305: cell</a>".</p>
6306:
6307:
6308: <h5 id="parsing-main-inselect"><span class="secno">9.2.5.19 </span>The "<dfn title="insertion mode: in select">in select</dfn>" insertion mode</h5>
6309:
6310: <p>When the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> is "<a href="#parsing-main-inselect" title="insertion
6311: mode: in select">in select</a>", tokens must be handled as follows:</p>
6312:
6313: <dl class="switch"><dt>A character token</dt>
6314: <dd>
6315: <p><a href="#insert-a-character" title="insert a character">Insert the token's
6316: character</a> into the <a href="#current-node">current node</a>.</p>
6317: </dd>
6318:
6319: <dt>A comment token</dt>
6320: <dd>
6321: <p>Append a <code>Comment</code> node to the <a href="#current-node">current
6322: node</a> with the <code title="">data</code> attribute set to
6323: the data given in the comment token.</p>
6324: </dd>
6325:
6326: <dt>A DOCTYPE token</dt>
6327: <dd>
6328: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Ignore the token.</p>
6329: </dd>
6330:
6331: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "html"</dt>
6332: <dd>
6333: <p>Process the token <a href="#using-the-rules-for">using the rules for</a> the "<a href="#parsing-main-inbody" title="insertion mode: in body">in body</a>" <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion
6334: mode</a>.</p>
6335: </dd>
6336:
6337: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "option"</dt>
6338: <dd>
6339:
6340: <p>If the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> is an <code><a href="forms.html#the-option-element">option</a></code>
6341: element, act as if an end tag with the tag name "option" had
6342: been seen.</p>
6343:
6344: <p><a href="#insert-an-html-element">Insert an HTML element</a> for the token.</p>
6345:
6346: </dd>
6347:
6348: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "optgroup"</dt>
6349: <dd>
6350:
6351: <p>If the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> is an <code><a href="forms.html#the-option-element">option</a></code>
6352: element, act as if an end tag with the tag name "option" had
6353: been seen.</p>
6354:
6355: <p>If the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> is an
6356: <code><a href="forms.html#the-optgroup-element">optgroup</a></code> element, act as if an end tag with the
6357: tag name "optgroup" had been seen.</p>
6358:
6359: <p><a href="#insert-an-html-element">Insert an HTML element</a> for the token.</p>
6360:
6361: </dd>
6362:
6363: <dt>An end tag whose tag name is "optgroup"</dt>
6364: <dd>
6365:
6366: <p>First, if the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> is an
6367: <code><a href="forms.html#the-option-element">option</a></code> element, and the node immediately before
6368: it in the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> is an
6369: <code><a href="forms.html#the-optgroup-element">optgroup</a></code> element, then act as if an end tag with
6370: the tag name "option" had been seen.</p>
6371:
6372: <p>If the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> is an
6373: <code><a href="forms.html#the-optgroup-element">optgroup</a></code> element, then pop that node from the
6374: <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a>. Otherwise, this is a
6375: <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a>; ignore the token.</p>
6376:
6377: </dd>
6378:
6379: <dt>An end tag whose tag name is "option"</dt>
6380: <dd>
6381:
6382: <p>If the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> is an <code><a href="forms.html#the-option-element">option</a></code>
6383: element, then pop that node from the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open
6384: elements</a>. Otherwise, this is a <a href="#parse-error">parse
6385: error</a>; ignore the token.</p>
6386:
6387: </dd>
6388:
6389: <dt>An end tag whose tag name is "select"</dt>
6390: <dd>
6391:
6392: <p>If the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> does not <a href="#has-an-element-in-table-scope" title="has an element in table scope">have an element in table
6393: scope</a> with the same tag name as the token, this is a
6394: <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a>. Ignore the token. (<a href="#fragment-case">fragment
6395: case</a>)</p>
6396:
6397: <p>Otherwise:</p>
6398:
6399: <p>Pop elements from the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a>
6400: until a <code><a href="forms.html#the-select-element">select</a></code> element has been popped from the
6401: stack.</p>
6402:
6403: <p><a href="#reset-the-insertion-mode-appropriately">Reset the insertion mode appropriately</a>.</p>
6404:
6405: </dd>
6406:
6407: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "select"</dt>
6408: <dd>
6409:
6410: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Act as if the token had been
6411: an end tag with the tag name "select" instead.</p>
6412:
6413: </dd>
6414:
6415: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is one of: "input", "keygen", "textarea"</dt>
6416: <dd>
1.73 mike 6417:
6418: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>.</p>
6419:
6420: <p>If the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> does not <a href="#has-an-element-in-table-scope" title="has an element in table scope">have an element in table
6421: scope</a> with the same tag name as the token, ignore the
6422: token. (<a href="#fragment-case">fragment case</a>)</p>
6423:
6424: <p>Otherwise, act as if an end tag with the tag name "select" had
6425: been seen, and reprocess the token.</p>
6426:
1.1 mike 6427: </dd>
6428:
6429: <dt>A start tag token whose tag name is "script"</dt>
6430: <dd>
6431: <p>Process the token <a href="#using-the-rules-for">using the rules for</a> the "<a href="#parsing-main-inhead" title="insertion mode: in head">in head</a>" <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion
6432: mode</a>.</p>
6433: </dd>
6434:
6435: <dt>An end-of-file token</dt>
6436: <dd>
6437:
6438: <p>If the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> is not the root
6439: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element">html</a></code> element, then this is a <a href="#parse-error">parse
6440: error</a>.</p>
6441:
6442: <p class="note">It can only be the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> in
6443: the <a href="#fragment-case">fragment case</a>.</p>
6444:
6445: <p><a href="#stop-parsing">Stop parsing</a>.</p>
6446:
6447: </dd>
6448:
6449: <dt>Anything else</dt>
6450: <dd>
6451: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Ignore the token.</p>
6452: </dd>
6453:
6454: </dl><h5 id="parsing-main-inselectintable"><span class="secno">9.2.5.20 </span>The "<dfn title="insertion mode: in select in table">in select in table</dfn>" insertion mode</h5>
6455:
6456: <p>When the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> is "<a href="#parsing-main-inselectintable" title="insertion
6457: mode: in select in table">in select in table</a>", tokens must be handled as follows:</p>
6458:
6459: <dl class="switch"><dt>A start tag whose tag name is one of: "caption", "table",
6460: "tbody", "tfoot", "thead", "tr", "td", "th"</dt>
6461: <dd>
6462: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Act as if an end tag with the tag
6463: name "select" had been seen, and reprocess the token.</p>
6464: </dd>
6465:
6466: <dt>An end tag whose tag name is one of: "caption", "table",
6467: "tbody", "tfoot", "thead", "tr", "td", "th"</dt>
6468: <dd>
6469:
6470: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>.</p>
6471:
6472: <p>If the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> <a href="#has-an-element-in-table-scope">has an
6473: element in table scope</a> with the same tag name as that
6474: of the token, then act as if an end tag with the tag name
6475: "select" had been seen, and reprocess the token. Otherwise,
6476: ignore the token.</p>
6477:
6478: </dd>
6479:
6480: <dt>Anything else</dt>
6481: <dd>
6482: <p>Process the token <a href="#using-the-rules-for">using the rules for</a> the "<a href="#parsing-main-inselect" title="insertion mode: in select">in select</a>" <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion
6483: mode</a>.</p>
6484: </dd>
6485:
6486: </dl><h5 id="parsing-main-inforeign"><span class="secno">9.2.5.21 </span>The "<dfn title="insertion mode: in foreign content">in foreign content</dfn>" insertion mode</h5>
6487:
6488: <p>When the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> is "<a href="#parsing-main-inforeign" title="insertion
6489: mode: in foreign content">in foreign content</a>", tokens must be
6490: handled as follows:</p>
6491:
6492: <dl class="switch"><dt>A character token</dt>
6493: <dd>
6494:
6495: <p><a href="#insert-a-character" title="insert a character">Insert the token's
6496: character</a> into the <a href="#current-node">current node</a>.</p>
6497:
6498: <p>If the token is not one of U+0009 CHARACTER TABULATION, U+000A
6499: LINE FEED (LF), U+000C FORM FEED (FF), <!--U+000D CARRIAGE RETURN
6500: (CR),--> or U+0020 SPACE, then set the <a href="#frameset-ok-flag">frameset-ok
6501: flag</a> to "not ok".</p>
6502:
6503: </dd>
6504:
6505: <dt>A comment token</dt>
6506: <dd>
6507: <p>Append a <code>Comment</code> node to the <a href="#current-node">current
6508: node</a> with the <code title="">data</code> attribute set to
6509: the data given in the comment token.</p>
6510: </dd>
6511:
6512: <dt>A DOCTYPE token</dt>
6513: <dd>
6514: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Ignore the token.</p>
6515: </dd>
6516:
6517: <dt>An end tag whose tag name is "script", if the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> is a <code title="">script</code> element in the <a href="#svg-namespace">SVG namespace</a>.</dt>
6518: <dd>
6519:
6520: <p>Pop the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> off the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open
6521: elements</a>.</p>
6522:
6523: <p>Let the <var title="">old insertion point</var> have the
6524: same value as the current <a href="#insertion-point">insertion point</a>. Let
6525: the <a href="#insertion-point">insertion point</a> be just before the <a href="#next-input-character">next
6526: input character</a>.</p>
6527:
6528: <p>Increment the parser's <a href="#script-nesting-level">script nesting level</a> by
6529: one. Set the <a href="#parser-pause-flag">parser pause flag</a> to true.</p>
6530:
6531: <p><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/SVGMobile12/script.html#ScriptContentProcessing">Process
6532: the <code title="">script</code> element</a> according to the SVG
6533: rules. <a href="references.html#references">[SVG]</a></p>
6534:
6535: <p class="note">Even if this causes <a href="dom.html#dom-document-write" title="dom-document-write">new characters to be inserted into the
6536: tokenizer</a>, the parser will not be executed reentrantly,
6537: since the <a href="#parser-pause-flag">parser pause flag</a> is true.</p>
6538:
6539: <p>Decrement the parser's <a href="#script-nesting-level">script nesting level</a> by
6540: one. If the parser's <a href="#script-nesting-level">script nesting level</a> is zero,
6541: then set the <a href="#parser-pause-flag">parser pause flag</a> to false.</p>
6542:
6543: <p>Let the <a href="#insertion-point">insertion point</a> have the value of the <var title="">old insertion point</var>. (In other words, restore the
6544: <a href="#insertion-point">insertion point</a> to its previous value. This value
6545: might be the "undefined" value.)</p>
6546:
6547: </dd>
6548:
6549: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is neither "mglyph" nor "malignmark", if the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> is an <code title="">mi</code> element in the <a href="#mathml-namespace">MathML namespace</a>.</dt>
6550: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is neither "mglyph" nor "malignmark", if the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> is an <code title="">mo</code> element in the <a href="#mathml-namespace">MathML namespace</a>.</dt>
6551: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is neither "mglyph" nor "malignmark", if the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> is an <code title="">mn</code> element in the <a href="#mathml-namespace">MathML namespace</a>.</dt>
6552: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is neither "mglyph" nor "malignmark", if the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> is an <code title="">ms</code> element in the <a href="#mathml-namespace">MathML namespace</a>.</dt>
6553: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is neither "mglyph" nor "malignmark", if the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> is an <code title="">mtext</code> element in the <a href="#mathml-namespace">MathML namespace</a>.</dt>
6554: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "svg", if the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> is an <code title="">annotation-xml</code> element in the <a href="#mathml-namespace">MathML namespace</a>.</dt>
6555: <dt>A start tag, if the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> is a <code title="">foreignObject</code> element in the <a href="#svg-namespace">SVG namespace</a>.</dt>
6556: <dt>A start tag, if the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> is a <code title="">desc</code> element in the <a href="#svg-namespace">SVG namespace</a>.</dt>
6557: <dt>A start tag, if the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> is a <code title="">title</code> element in the <a href="#svg-namespace">SVG namespace</a>.</dt>
6558: <dt>A start tag, if the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> is an element in the <a href="#html-namespace-0">HTML namespace</a>.</dt>
6559: <dt>An end tag</dt>
6560: <dd>
6561:
6562: <p>Process the token <a href="#using-the-rules-for">using the rules for</a> the
6563: <a href="#secondary-insertion-mode">secondary insertion mode</a>.</p>
6564:
6565: <p>If, after doing so, the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> is still
6566: "<a href="#parsing-main-inforeign" title="insertion mode: in foreign content">in foreign
6567: content</a>", but there is no element in scope that has a
6568: namespace other than the <a href="#html-namespace-0">HTML namespace</a><!-- XXX this
6569: isn't well-defined; it means check to see if the bottom-most HTML
6570: element on the stack is in scope -->, switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion
6571: mode</a> to the <a href="#secondary-insertion-mode">secondary insertion mode</a>.</p>
6572:
6573: </dd>
6574:
6575: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is one of: <!--"a",--> "b", "big",
6576: "blockquote", "body"<!--by inspection-->, "br", "center", "code",
6577: "dd", "div", "dl", "dt"<!-- so that dd and dt can be handled
6578: uniformly throughout the parser -->, "em", "embed", "h1", "h2",
6579: "h3", "h4"<!--for completeness-->, "h5", "h6"<!--for
6580: completeness-->, "head"<!--by inspection-->, "hr", "i", "img",
6581: "li", "listing"<!-- so that pre and listing can be handled
6582: uniformly throughout the parser -->, "menu", "meta", "nobr",
6583: "ol"<!-- so that dl, ul, and ol can be handled uniformly throughout
6584: the parser -->, "p", "pre", "ruby", "s", <!--"script",--> "small",
6585: "span", "strong", "strike"<!-- so that s and strike can be handled
6586: uniformly throughout the parser -->, <!--"style",--> "sub", "sup",
6587: "table"<!--by inspection-->, "tt", "u", "ul", "var"</dt>
6588: <!-- this list was determined empirically by studying over
6589: 6,000,000,000 pages that were specifically not XML pages -->
6590: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "font", if the token has
6591: any attributes named "color", "face", or "size"</dt>
6592: <!-- the attributes here are required so that SVG <font> will go
6593: through as SVG but legacy <font>s won't -->
6594: <dt>An end-of-file token</dt>
6595: <dd>
6596:
6597: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>.</p>
6598:
6599: <p>Pop elements from the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> until
6600: the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> is in the <a href="#html-namespace-0">HTML
6601: namespace</a>.</p>
6602:
6603: <p>Switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to the <a href="#secondary-insertion-mode">secondary
6604: insertion mode</a>, and reprocess the token.</p>
6605:
6606: </dd>
6607:
6608: <dt>Any other start tag</dt>
6609: <dd>
6610:
6611: <p>If the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> is an element in the
6612: <a href="#mathml-namespace">MathML namespace</a>, <a href="#adjust-mathml-attributes">adjust MathML
6613: attributes</a> for the token. (This fixes the case of MathML
6614: attributes that are not all lowercase.)</p>
6615:
6616: <p>If the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> is an element in the <a href="#svg-namespace">SVG
6617: namespace</a>, and the token's tag name is one of the ones in
6618: the first column of the following table, change the tag name to
6619: the name given in the corresponding cell in the second
6620: column. (This fixes the case of SVG elements that are not all
6621: lowercase.)</p>
6622:
6623: <table><thead><tr><th> Tag name </th><th> Element name
6624: </th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td> <code title="">altglyph</code> </td><td> <code title="">altGlyph</code>
6625: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">altglyphdef</code> </td><td> <code title="">altGlyphDef</code>
6626: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">altglyphitem</code> </td><td> <code title="">altGlyphItem</code>
6627: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">animatecolor</code> </td><td> <code title="">animateColor</code>
6628: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">animatemotion</code> </td><td> <code title="">animateMotion</code>
6629: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">animatetransform</code> </td><td> <code title="">animateTransform</code>
6630: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">clippath</code> </td><td> <code title="">clipPath</code>
6631: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">feblend</code> </td><td> <code title="">feBlend</code>
6632: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">fecolormatrix</code> </td><td> <code title="">feColorMatrix</code>
6633: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">fecomponenttransfer</code> </td><td> <code title="">feComponentTransfer</code>
6634: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">fecomposite</code> </td><td> <code title="">feComposite</code>
6635: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">feconvolvematrix</code> </td><td> <code title="">feConvolveMatrix</code>
6636: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">fediffuselighting</code> </td><td> <code title="">feDiffuseLighting</code>
6637: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">fedisplacementmap</code> </td><td> <code title="">feDisplacementMap</code>
6638: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">fedistantlight</code> </td><td> <code title="">feDistantLight</code>
6639: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">feflood</code> </td><td> <code title="">feFlood</code>
6640: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">fefunca</code> </td><td> <code title="">feFuncA</code>
6641: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">fefuncb</code> </td><td> <code title="">feFuncB</code>
6642: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">fefuncg</code> </td><td> <code title="">feFuncG</code>
6643: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">fefuncr</code> </td><td> <code title="">feFuncR</code>
6644: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">fegaussianblur</code> </td><td> <code title="">feGaussianBlur</code>
6645: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">feimage</code> </td><td> <code title="">feImage</code>
6646: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">femerge</code> </td><td> <code title="">feMerge</code>
6647: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">femergenode</code> </td><td> <code title="">feMergeNode</code>
6648: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">femorphology</code> </td><td> <code title="">feMorphology</code>
6649: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">feoffset</code> </td><td> <code title="">feOffset</code>
6650: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">fepointlight</code> </td><td> <code title="">fePointLight</code>
6651: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">fespecularlighting</code> </td><td> <code title="">feSpecularLighting</code>
6652: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">fespotlight</code> </td><td> <code title="">feSpotLight</code>
6653: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">fetile</code> </td><td> <code title="">feTile</code>
6654: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">feturbulence</code> </td><td> <code title="">feTurbulence</code>
6655: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">foreignobject</code> </td><td> <code title="">foreignObject</code>
6656: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">glyphref</code> </td><td> <code title="">glyphRef</code>
6657: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">lineargradient</code> </td><td> <code title="">linearGradient</code>
6658: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">radialgradient</code> </td><td> <code title="">radialGradient</code>
6659: <!--<tr> <td> <code title="">solidcolor</code> <td> <code title="">solidColor</code> (SVG 1.2)-->
6660: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">textpath</code> </td><td> <code title="">textPath</code>
6661: </td></tr></tbody></table><p>If the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> is an element in the <a href="#svg-namespace">SVG
6662: namespace</a>, <a href="#adjust-svg-attributes">adjust SVG attributes</a> for the
6663: token. (This fixes the case of SVG attributes that are not all
6664: lowercase.)</p>
6665:
6666: <p><a href="#adjust-foreign-attributes">Adjust foreign attributes</a> for the token. (This
6667: fixes the use of namespaced attributes, in particular XLink in
6668: SVG.)</p>
6669:
6670: <p><a href="#insert-a-foreign-element">Insert a foreign element</a> for the token, in the
6671: same namespace as the <a href="#current-node">current node</a>.</p>
6672:
6673: <p>If the token has its <i>self-closing flag</i> set, pop the
6674: <a href="#current-node">current node</a> off the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open
6675: elements</a> and <a href="#acknowledge-self-closing-flag" title="acknowledge self-closing
6676: flag">acknowledge the token's <i>self-closing flag</i></a>.</p>
6677:
6678: </dd>
6679:
6680: </dl><h5 id="parsing-main-afterbody"><span class="secno">9.2.5.22 </span>The "<dfn title="insertion mode: after body">after body</dfn>" insertion mode</h5>
6681:
6682: <p>When the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> is "<a href="#parsing-main-afterbody" title="insertion
6683: mode: after body">after body</a>", tokens must be handled as follows:</p>
6684:
6685: <dl class="switch"><dt>A character token that is one of U+0009 CHARACTER
6686: TABULATION, U+000A LINE FEED (LF), U+000C FORM FEED (FF),
6687: <!--U+000D CARRIAGE RETURN (CR),--> or U+0020 SPACE</dt>
6688: <dd>
6689: <p>Process the token <a href="#using-the-rules-for">using the rules for</a> the "<a href="#parsing-main-inbody" title="insertion mode: in body">in body</a>" <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion
6690: mode</a>.</p>
6691: </dd>
6692:
6693: <dt>A comment token</dt>
6694: <dd>
6695: <p>Append a <code>Comment</code> node to the first element in
6696: the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> (the <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element">html</a></code>
6697: element), with the <code title="">data</code> attribute set to
6698: the data given in the comment token.</p>
6699: </dd>
6700:
6701: <dt>A DOCTYPE token</dt>
6702: <dd>
6703: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Ignore the token.</p>
6704: </dd>
6705:
6706: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "html"</dt>
6707: <dd>
6708: <p>Process the token <a href="#using-the-rules-for">using the rules for</a> the "<a href="#parsing-main-inbody" title="insertion mode: in body">in body</a>" <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion
6709: mode</a>.</p>
6710: </dd>
6711:
6712: <dt>An end tag whose tag name is "html"</dt>
6713: <dd>
6714:
6715: <p>If the parser was originally created as part of the <a href="#html-fragment-parsing-algorithm">HTML
6716: fragment parsing algorithm</a>, this is a <a href="#parse-error">parse
6717: error</a>; ignore the token. (<a href="#fragment-case">fragment case</a>)</p>
6718:
6719: <p>Otherwise, switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to "<a href="#the-after-after-body-insertion-mode" title="insertion mode: after after body">after after
6720: body</a>".</p>
6721:
6722: </dd>
6723:
6724: <dt>An end-of-file token</dt>
6725: <dd>
6726: <p><a href="#stop-parsing">Stop parsing</a>.</p>
6727: </dd>
6728:
6729: <dt>Anything else</dt>
6730: <dd>
6731:
6732: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion
6733: mode</a> to "<a href="#parsing-main-inbody" title="insertion mode: in body">in
6734: body</a>" and reprocess the token.</p>
6735:
6736: </dd>
6737:
6738: </dl><h5 id="parsing-main-inframeset"><span class="secno">9.2.5.23 </span>The "<dfn title="insertion mode: in frameset">in frameset</dfn>" insertion mode</h5>
6739:
6740: <p>When the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> is "<a href="#parsing-main-inframeset" title="insertion
6741: mode: in frameset">in frameset</a>", tokens must be handled as follows:</p>
6742:
6743: <dl class="switch"><dt>A character token that is one of U+0009 CHARACTER
6744: TABULATION, U+000A LINE FEED (LF), U+000C FORM FEED (FF),
6745: <!--U+000D CARRIAGE RETURN (CR),--> or U+0020 SPACE</dt>
6746: <dd>
6747: <p><a href="#insert-a-character" title="insert a character">Insert the character</a> into
6748: the <a href="#current-node">current node</a>.</p>
6749: </dd>
6750:
6751: <dt>A comment token</dt>
6752: <dd>
6753: <p>Append a <code>Comment</code> node to the <a href="#current-node">current
6754: node</a> with the <code title="">data</code> attribute set to
6755: the data given in the comment token.</p>
6756: </dd>
6757:
6758: <dt>A DOCTYPE token</dt>
6759: <dd>
6760: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Ignore the token.</p>
6761: </dd>
6762:
6763: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "html"</dt>
6764: <dd>
6765: <p>Process the token <a href="#using-the-rules-for">using the rules for</a> the "<a href="#parsing-main-inbody" title="insertion mode: in body">in body</a>" <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion
6766: mode</a>.</p>
6767: </dd>
6768:
6769: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "frameset"</dt>
6770: <dd>
6771: <p><a href="#insert-an-html-element">Insert an HTML element</a> for the token.</p>
6772: </dd>
6773:
6774: <dt>An end tag whose tag name is "frameset"</dt>
6775: <dd>
6776:
6777: <p>If the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> is the root
6778: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element">html</a></code> element, then this is a <a href="#parse-error">parse
6779: error</a>; ignore the token. (<a href="#fragment-case">fragment
6780: case</a>)</p>
6781:
6782: <p>Otherwise, pop the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> from the
6783: <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a>.</p>
6784:
6785: <p>If the parser was <em>not</em> originally created as part
6786: of the <a href="#html-fragment-parsing-algorithm">HTML fragment parsing algorithm</a>
6787: (<a href="#fragment-case">fragment case</a>), and the <a href="#current-node">current
1.5 mike 6788: node</a> is no longer a <code><a href="obsolete.html#frameset">frameset</a></code> element, then
1.1 mike 6789: switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to "<a href="#parsing-main-afterframeset" title="insertion mode: after frameset">after
6790: frameset</a>".</p>
6791:
6792: </dd>
6793:
6794: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "frame"</dt>
6795: <dd>
6796:
6797: <p><a href="#insert-an-html-element">Insert an HTML element</a> for the token.
6798: Immediately pop the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> off the
6799: <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a>.</p>
6800:
6801: <p><a href="#acknowledge-self-closing-flag" title="acknowledge self-closing flag">Acknowledge the
6802: token's <i>self-closing flag</i></a>, if it is set.</p>
6803:
6804: </dd>
6805:
6806: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "noframes"</dt>
6807: <dd>
6808: <p>Process the token <a href="#using-the-rules-for">using the rules for</a> the "<a href="#parsing-main-inhead" title="insertion mode: in head">in head</a>" <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion
6809: mode</a>.</p>
6810: </dd>
6811:
6812: <dt>An end-of-file token</dt>
6813: <dd>
6814:
6815: <p>If the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> is not the root
6816: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element">html</a></code> element, then this is a <a href="#parse-error">parse
6817: error</a>.</p>
6818:
6819: <p class="note">It can only be the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> in
6820: the <a href="#fragment-case">fragment case</a>.</p>
6821:
6822: <p><a href="#stop-parsing">Stop parsing</a>.</p>
6823:
6824: </dd>
6825:
6826: <dt>Anything else</dt>
6827: <dd>
6828: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Ignore the token.</p>
6829: </dd>
6830:
6831: </dl><h5 id="parsing-main-afterframeset"><span class="secno">9.2.5.24 </span>The "<dfn title="insertion mode: after frameset">after frameset</dfn>" insertion mode</h5>
6832:
6833: <p>When the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> is "<a href="#parsing-main-afterframeset" title="insertion
6834: mode: after frameset">after frameset</a>", tokens must be handled as follows:</p>
6835:
6836: <!-- due to rules in the "in frameset" mode, this can't be entered in the fragment case -->
6837: <dl class="switch"><dt>A character token that is one of U+0009 CHARACTER
6838: TABULATION, U+000A LINE FEED (LF), U+000C FORM FEED (FF),
6839: <!--U+000D CARRIAGE RETURN (CR),--> or U+0020 SPACE</dt>
6840: <dd>
6841: <p><a href="#insert-a-character" title="insert a character">Insert the character</a> into
6842: the <a href="#current-node">current node</a>.</p>
6843: </dd>
6844:
6845: <dt>A comment token</dt>
6846: <dd>
6847: <p>Append a <code>Comment</code> node to the <a href="#current-node">current
6848: node</a> with the <code title="">data</code> attribute set to
6849: the data given in the comment token.</p>
6850: </dd>
6851:
6852: <dt>A DOCTYPE token</dt>
6853: <dd>
6854: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Ignore the token.</p>
6855: </dd>
6856:
6857: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "html"</dt>
6858: <dd>
6859: <p>Process the token <a href="#using-the-rules-for">using the rules for</a> the "<a href="#parsing-main-inbody" title="insertion mode: in body">in body</a>" <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion
6860: mode</a>.</p>
6861: </dd>
6862:
6863: <dt>An end tag whose tag name is "html"</dt>
6864: <dd>
6865: <p>Switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to "<a href="#the-after-after-frameset-insertion-mode" title="insertion mode: after after frameset">after after
6866: frameset</a>".</p>
6867: </dd>
6868:
6869: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "noframes"</dt>
6870: <dd>
6871: <p>Process the token <a href="#using-the-rules-for">using the rules for</a> the "<a href="#parsing-main-inhead" title="insertion mode: in head">in head</a>" <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion
6872: mode</a>.</p>
6873: </dd>
6874:
6875: <dt>An end-of-file token</dt>
6876: <dd>
6877: <p><a href="#stop-parsing">Stop parsing</a>.</p>
6878: </dd>
6879:
6880: <dt>Anything else</dt>
6881: <dd>
6882: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Ignore the token.</p>
6883: </dd>
6884:
6885: </dl><p class="XXX">This doesn't handle UAs that don't support
6886: frames, or that do support frames but want to show the NOFRAMES
6887: content. Supporting the former is easy; supporting the latter is
6888: harder.</p>
6889:
6890:
6891: <h5 id="the-after-after-body-insertion-mode"><span class="secno">9.2.5.25 </span>The "<dfn title="insertion mode: after after body">after after body</dfn>" insertion mode</h5>
6892:
6893: <p>When the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> is "<a href="#the-after-after-body-insertion-mode" title="insertion
6894: mode: after after body">after after body</a>", tokens must be handled as follows:</p>
6895:
6896: <dl class="switch"><dt>A comment token</dt>
6897: <dd>
6898: <p>Append a <code>Comment</code> node to the <code>Document</code>
6899: object with the <code title="">data</code> attribute set to the
6900: data given in the comment token.</p>
6901: </dd>
6902:
6903: <dt>A DOCTYPE token</dt>
6904: <dt>A character token that is one of U+0009 CHARACTER
6905: TABULATION, U+000A LINE FEED (LF), U+000C FORM FEED (FF),
6906: <!--U+000D CARRIAGE RETURN (CR),--> or U+0020 SPACE</dt>
6907: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "html"</dt>
6908: <dd>
6909: <p>Process the token <a href="#using-the-rules-for">using the rules for</a> the "<a href="#parsing-main-inbody" title="insertion mode: in body">in body</a>" <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion
6910: mode</a>.</p>
6911: </dd>
6912:
6913: <dt>An end-of-file token</dt>
6914: <dd>
6915: <p><a href="#stop-parsing">Stop parsing</a>.</p>
6916: </dd>
6917:
6918: <dt>Anything else</dt>
6919: <dd>
6920: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a>
6921: to "<a href="#parsing-main-inbody" title="insertion mode: in body">in body</a>" and
6922: reprocess the token.</p>
6923: </dd>
6924:
6925: </dl><h5 id="the-after-after-frameset-insertion-mode"><span class="secno">9.2.5.26 </span>The "<dfn title="insertion mode: after after frameset">after after frameset</dfn>" insertion mode</h5>
6926:
6927: <p>When the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> is "<a href="#the-after-after-frameset-insertion-mode" title="insertion
6928: mode: after after frameset">after after frameset</a>", tokens must be handled as follows:</p>
6929:
6930: <dl class="switch"><dt>A comment token</dt>
6931: <dd>
6932: <p>Append a <code>Comment</code> node to the <code>Document</code>
6933: object with the <code title="">data</code> attribute set to the
6934: data given in the comment token.</p>
6935: </dd>
6936:
6937: <dt>A DOCTYPE token</dt>
6938: <dt>A character token that is one of U+0009 CHARACTER
6939: TABULATION, U+000A LINE FEED (LF), U+000C FORM FEED (FF),
6940: <!--U+000D CARRIAGE RETURN (CR),--> or U+0020 SPACE</dt>
6941: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "html"</dt>
6942: <dd>
6943: <p>Process the token <a href="#using-the-rules-for">using the rules for</a> the "<a href="#parsing-main-inbody" title="insertion mode: in body">in body</a>" <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion
6944: mode</a>.</p>
6945: </dd>
6946:
6947: <dt>An end-of-file token</dt>
6948: <dd>
6949: <p><a href="#stop-parsing">Stop parsing</a>.</p>
6950: </dd>
6951:
6952: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "noframes"</dt>
6953: <dd>
6954: <p>Process the token <a href="#using-the-rules-for">using the rules for</a> the "<a href="#parsing-main-inhead" title="insertion mode: in head">in head</a>" <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion
6955: mode</a>.</p>
6956: </dd>
6957:
6958: <dt>Anything else</dt>
6959: <dd>
6960: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Ignore the token.</p>
6961: </dd>
6962:
6963: </dl><h4 id="the-end"><span class="secno">9.2.6 </span>The end</h4>
6964:
6965: <p>Once the user agent <dfn id="stop-parsing" title="stop parsing">stops parsing</dfn>
6966: the document, the user agent must follow the steps in this
6967: section.</p>
6968:
1.10 mike 6969: <!-- this happens as part of one of the tasks that runs the parser -->
1.1 mike 6970:
1.10 mike 6971: <p>First, the user agent must set the <a href="dom.html#current-document-readiness">current document
6972: readiness</a> to "interactive" and the <a href="#insertion-point">insertion
6973: point</a> to undefined.</p>
6974:
6975: <p>Then, the user agent must then make a list of all the scripts
6976: that are in the <a href="semantics.html#list-of-scripts-that-will-execute-when-the-document-has-finished-parsing">list of scripts that will execute when the
6977: document has finished parsing</a>, the <a href="semantics.html#list-of-scripts-that-will-execute-asynchronously">list of scripts that
6978: will execute asynchronously</a>, and the <a href="semantics.html#list-of-scripts-that-will-execute-as-soon-as-possible">list of scripts
6979: that will execute as soon as possible</a>. This is the <dfn id="list-of-scripts-pending-after-the-parser-stopped">list
6980: of scripts pending after the parser stopped</dfn>.</p>
6981:
6982: <p>The rules for <a href="semantics.html#when-a-script-completes-loading">when a script completes loading</a> start
6983: applying (script execution is no longer managed by the parser).</p>
1.1 mike 6984:
6985: <p>If any of the scripts in the <a href="semantics.html#list-of-scripts-that-will-execute-as-soon-as-possible">list of scripts that will
6986: execute as soon as possible</a> have <a href="semantics.html#completed-loading">completed
6987: loading</a>, or if the <a href="semantics.html#list-of-scripts-that-will-execute-asynchronously">list of scripts that will execute
6988: asynchronously</a> is not empty and the first script in that list
6989: has <a href="semantics.html#completed-loading">completed loading</a>, then the user agent must act as
6990: if those scripts just completed loading, following the rules given
6991: for that in the <code><a href="semantics.html#script">script</a></code> element definition.</p>
6992:
1.10 mike 6993: <p>If the <a href="semantics.html#list-of-scripts-that-will-execute-when-the-document-has-finished-parsing">list of scripts that will execute when the document
6994: has finished parsing</a> is not empty, and the first item in this
6995: list has already <a href="semantics.html#completed-loading">completed loading</a>, then the user agent
6996: must act as if that script just finished loading.</p>
6997:
6998: <p class="note">By this point, there will be no scripts that have
6999: loaded but have not yet been executed.</p>
7000:
7001: <hr><!-- async --><p>Once all the scripts on the <a href="#list-of-scripts-pending-after-the-parser-stopped">list of scripts pending after
7002: the parser stopped</a> have <a href="semantics.html#completed-loading">completed loading</a> and
7003: been <a href="semantics.html#executing-a-script-block" title="executing a script block">executed</a>, the
7004: user agent must <a href="browsers.html#queue-a-task">queue a task</a> to <a href="browsers.html#fire-a-simple-event">fire a simple
7005: event</a> called <code title="event-DOMContentLoaded">DOMContentLoaded</code> at the
7006: <code>Document</code>. (If the list is empty, this happens
7007: immediately.)</p>
1.1 mike 7008:
1.10 mike 7009: <hr><!-- async --><p>Once everything that <dfn id="delay-the-load-event" title="delay the load event">delays the
1.1 mike 7010: load event</dfn> of the document has completed, the user agent must
7011: run the following steps:</p>
7012:
7013: <ol><li><a href="browsers.html#queue-a-task">Queue a task</a> to set the <a href="dom.html#current-document-readiness">current document
7014: readiness</a> to "complete".</li>
7015:
7016: <li>If the <code>Document</code> is in a <a href="browsers.html#browsing-context">browsing
7017: context</a>, then <a href="browsers.html#queue-a-task">queue a task</a> to <a href="browsers.html#fire-a-simple-event">fire a
7018: simple event</a> called <code title="event-load"><a href="video.html#event-load">load</a></code> at
7019: the <code>Document</code>'s <code><a href="browsers.html#window">Window</a></code> object, but with
7020: its <code title="dom-event-target">target</code> set to the
7021: <code>Document</code> object (and the <code title="dom-event-currentTarget">currentTarget</code> set to the
7022: <code><a href="browsers.html#window">Window</a></code> object).</li>
7023:
7024: <li>If the <code>Document</code> has a <a href="history.html#pending-state-object">pending state
7025: object</a>, then <a href="browsers.html#queue-a-task">queue a task</a> to fire a <code title="event-popstate"><a href="history.html#event-popstate">popstate</a></code> event in no namespace on the
7026: <code>Document</code>'s <code><a href="browsers.html#window">Window</a></code> object using the
7027: <code><a href="history.html#popstateevent">PopStateEvent</a></code> interface, with the <code title="dom-PopStateEvent-state"><a href="history.html#dom-popstateevent-state">state</a></code> attribute set to the
7028: current value of the <a href="history.html#pending-state-object">pending state object</a>. This event
7029: must bubble but not be cancelable and has no default action.</li>
7030:
7031: </ol><p>The <a href="browsers.html#task-source">task source</a> for these tasks is the <a href="browsers.html#dom-manipulation-task-source">DOM
7032: manipulation task source</a>.</p>
7033:
7034: <!-- XXX make sure things "delay the load event", e.g. applet and
7035: object element's frame contents -->
7036:
7037: <p class="XXX">delaying the load event for things like image
7038: loads allows for intranet port scans (even without
7039: javascript!). Should we really encode that into the spec?</p>
7040:
7041:
7042: <!--XXX need to handle
7043: http://lxr.mozilla.org/mozilla/source/parser/htmlparser/src/CNavDTD.cpp#2354
7044: 2354 // Don't open transient styles if it makes the stack deep, bug 58917.
7045: -->
7046:
7047: <!--XXX
7048: http://lxr.mozilla.org/mozilla/source/parser/htmlparser/src/nsHTMLTokenizer.cpp#749
7049: -->
7050:
7051: <!--
7052: see also CTextToken::ConsumeCharacterData() for CDATA parsing?
7053:
7054: 1212 1 Here's a tricky case from bug 22596: <h5><li><h5>
7055: 1213 How do we know that the 2nd <h5> should close the <LI> rather than nest inside the <LI>?
7056: 1214 (Afterall, the <h5> is a legal child of the <LI>).
7057: 1215
7058: 1216 The way you know is that there is no root between the two, so the <h5> binds more
7059: 1217 tightly to the 1st <h5> than to the <LI>.
7060: 1218 2. Also, bug 6148 shows this case: <SPAN><DIV><SPAN>
7061: 1219 From this case we learned not to execute this logic if the parent is a block.
7062: 1220
7063: 1221 3. Fix for 26583
7064: 1222 Ex. <A href=foo.html><B>foo<A href-bar.html>bar</A></B></A> <- A legal HTML
7065: 1223 In the above example clicking on "foo" or "bar" should link to
7066: 1224 foo.html or bar.html respectively. That is, the inner <A> should be informed
7067: 1225 about the presence of an open <A> above <B>..so that the inner <A> can close out
7068: 1226 the outer <A>. The following code does it for us.
7069: 1227
7070: 1228 4. Fix for 27865 [ similer to 22596 ]. Ex: <DL><DD><LI>one<DD><LI>two
7071: - http://lxr.mozilla.org/mozilla/source/parser/htmlparser/src/CNavDTD.cpp#1211
7072:
7073: 815 // Here's a problem. If theTag is legal in here, we don't move it
7074: 816 // out. So if we're moving stuff out of here, the parent of theTag
7075: 817 // gets closed at this point. But some things are legal
7076: 818 // _everywhere_ and hence would effectively close out misplaced
7077: 819 // content in tables. This is undesirable, so treat them as
7078: 820 // illegal here so they'll be shipped out with their parents and
7079: 821 // siblings. See bug 40855 for an explanation (that bug was for
7080: 822 // comments, but the same issues arise with whitespace, newlines,
7081: 823 // noscript, etc). Script is special, though. Shipping it out
7082: 824 // breaks document.write stuff. See bug 243064.
7083: - http://lxr.mozilla.org/mozilla/source/parser/htmlparser/src/CNavDTD.cpp#825
7084:
7085:
7086: 1326 /**************************************************************************************
7087: 1327 *
7088: 1328 * Now a little code to deal with bug #49687 (crash when layout stack gets too deep)
7089: 1329 * I've also opened this up to any container (not just inlines): re bug 55095
7090: 1330 * Improved to handle bug 55980 (infinite loop caused when DEPTH is exceeded and
7091: 1331 * </P> is encountered by itself (<P>) is continuously produced.
7092: 1332 *
7093: 1333 **************************************************************************************/
7094:
7095: 1912 // Oh boy!! we found a "stray" tag. Nav4.x and IE introduce line break in
7096: 1913 // such cases. So, let's simulate that effect for compatibility.
7097: 1914 // Ex. <html><body>Hello</P>There</body></html>
7098: http://lxr.mozilla.org/mozilla/source/parser/htmlparser/src/CNavDTD.cpp#1912
7099:
7100: http://lxr.mozilla.org/seamonkey/search?string=nested
7101: /parser/htmlparser/src/CNavDTD.cpp, line 791 - * 2. <CENTER><DL><DT><A><CENTER> allow nested <CENTER>
7102: /parser/htmlparser/src/CNavDTD.cpp, line 792 - * 3. <TABLE><TR><TD><TABLE>... allow nested <TABLE>
7103: /parser/htmlparser/src/CNavDTD.cpp, line 2562 - // Discard nested forms - bug 72639
7104: /parser/htmlparser/src/nsElementTable.cpp, line 1453 - * 2. <CENTER><DL><DT><A><CENTER> allow nested <CENTER>
7105: /parser/htmlparser/src/nsElementTable.cpp, line 1454 - * 3. <TABLE><TR><TD><TABLE>... allow nested <TABLE>
7106: /parser/htmlparser/src/nsElementTable.cpp, line 1901 - // Ex: <H1><LI><H1><LI>. Inner LI has the potential of getting nested
7107: -->
7108:
7109:
7110: <h4 id="coercing-an-html-dom-into-an-infoset"><span class="secno">9.2.7 </span>Coercing an HTML DOM into an infoset</h4>
7111:
7112: <p>When an application uses an <a href="#html-parser">HTML parser</a> in
7113: conjunction with an XML pipeline, it is possible that the
7114: constructed DOM is not compatible with the XML tool chain in certain
7115: subtle ways. For example, an XML toolchain might not be able to
7116: represent attributes with the name <code title="">xmlns</code>,
7117: since they conflict with the Namespaces in XML syntax. There is also
7118: some data that the <a href="#html-parser">HTML parser</a> generates that isn't
7119: included in the DOM itself. This section specifies some rules for
7120: handling these issues.</p>
7121:
7122: <p>If the XML API being used doesn't support DOCTYPEs, the tool may
7123: drop DOCTYPEs altogether.</p>
7124:
7125: <p>If the XML API doesn't support attributes in no namespace that
7126: are named "<code title="">xmlns</code>", attributes whose names
7127: start with "<code title="">xmlns:</code>", or attributes in the
7128: <a href="#xmlns-namespace">XMLNS namespace</a>, then the tool may drop such
7129: attributes.</p>
7130:
7131: <p>The tool may annotate the output with any namespace declarations
7132: required for proper operation.</p>
7133:
7134: <p>If the XML API being used restricts the allowable characters in
7135: the local names of elements and attributes, then the tool may map
7136: all element and attribute local names that the API wouldn't support
7137: to a set of names that <em>are</em> allowed, by replacing any
7138: character that isn't supported with the uppercase letter U and the
7139: six digits of the character's Unicode code point when expressed in
7140: hexadecimal, using digits 0-9 and capital letters A-F as the
7141: symbols, in increasing numeric order.</p>
7142:
7143: <p class="example">For example, the element name <code title="">foo<bar</code>, which can be output by the <a href="#html-parser">HTML
7144: parser</a>, though it is neither a legal HTML element name nor a
7145: well-formed XML element name, would be converted into <code title="">fooU00003Cbar</code>, which <em>is</em> a well-formed XML
7146: element name (though it's still not legal in HTML by any means).</p>
7147:
7148: <p class="example">As another example, consider the attribute
7149: <code>xlink:href</code>. Used on a MathML element, it becomes, after
7150: being <a href="#adjust-foreign-attributes" title="adjust foreign attributes">adjusted</a>, an
7151: attribute with a prefix "<code title="">xlink</code>" and a local
7152: name "<code title="">href</code>". However, used on an HTML element,
7153: it becomes an attribute with no prefix and the local name "<code title="">xlink:href</code>", which is not a valid NCName, and thus
7154: might not be accepted by an XML API. It could thus get converted,
7155: becoming "<code title="">xlinkU00003Ahref</code>".</p>
7156:
7157: <p class="note">The resulting names from this conversion
7158: conveniently can't clash with any attribute generated by the
7159: <a href="#html-parser">HTML parser</a>, since those are all either lowercase or
7160: those listed in the <a href="#adjust-foreign-attributes">adjust foreign attributes</a>
7161: algorithm's table.</p>
7162:
7163: <p>If the XML API restricts comments from having two consecutive
7164: U+002D HYPHEN-MINUS characters (--), the tool may insert a single
7165: U+0020 SPACE character between any such offending characters.</p>
7166:
7167: <p>If the XML API restricts comments from ending in a
7168: U+002D HYPHEN-MINUS character (-), the tool may insert a single
7169: U+0020 SPACE character at the end of such comments.</p>
7170:
7171: <p>If the XML API restricts allowed characters in character data,
7172: the tool may replace any U+000C FORM FEED (FF) character with a
7173: U+0020 SPACE character, and any other literal non-XML character with
7174: a U+FFFD REPLACEMENT CHARACTER.</p>
7175:
7176: <p>If the tool has no way to convey out-of-band information, then
7177: the tool may drop the following information:</p>
7178:
7179: <ul><li>Whether the document is set to <i><a href="dom.html#no-quirks-mode">no quirks mode</a></i>,
7180: <i><a href="dom.html#limited-quirks-mode">limited quirks mode</a></i>, or <i><a href="dom.html#quirks-mode">quirks mode</a></i></li>
7181:
7182: <li>The association between form controls and forms that aren't
7183: their nearest <code><a href="forms.html#the-form-element">form</a></code> element ancestor (use of the
7184: <a href="#form-element-pointer"><code>form</code> element pointer</a> in the parser)</li>
7185:
7186: </ul><p class="note">The mutations allowed by this section apply
7187: <em>after</em> the <a href="#html-parser">HTML parser</a>'s rules have been
7188: applied. For example, a <code title=""><a::></code> start tag
7189: will be closed by a <code title=""></a::></code> end tag, and
7190: never by a <code title=""></aU00003AU00003A></code> end tag, even
7191: if the user agent is using the rules above to then generate an
7192: actual element in the DOM with the name <code title="">aU00003AU00003A</code> for that start tag.</p>
7193:
7194:
7195:
1.35 mike 7196: <h4 id="an-introduction-to-error-handling-and-strange-cases-in-the-parser"><span class="secno">9.2.8 </span>An introduction to error handling and strange cases in the parser</h4>
1.1 mike 7197:
7198: <p><i>This section is non-normative.</i></p>
7199:
7200: <p>This section examines some erroneous markup and discusses how
7201: the <a href="#html-parser">HTML parser</a> handles these cases.</p>
7202:
7203:
7204: <h5 id="misnested-tags:-b-i-b-i"><span class="secno">9.2.8.1 </span>Misnested tags: <b><i></b></i></h5>
7205:
7206: <p><i>This section is non-normative.</i></p>
7207:
7208: <p>The most-often discussed example of erroneous markup is as
7209: follows:</p>
7210:
7211: <pre><p>1<b>2<i>3</b>4</i>5</p></pre>
7212:
7213: <p>The parsing of this markup is straightforward up to the "3". At
7214: this point, the DOM looks like this:</p>
7215:
7216: <ul class="domTree"><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element">html</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-head-element">head</a></code></li><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-body-element">body</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-p-element">p</a></code><ul><li class="t3"><code>#text</code>: <span title="">1</span></li><li class="t1"><code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-b-element">b</a></code><ul><li class="t3"><code>#text</code>: <span title="">2</span></li><li class="t1"><code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-i-element">i</a></code><ul><li class="t3"><code>#text</code>: <span title="">3</span></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul><p>Here, the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> has five elements
7217: on it: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element">html</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-body-element">body</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-p-element">p</a></code>,
7218: <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-b-element">b</a></code>, and <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-i-element">i</a></code>. The <a href="#list-of-active-formatting-elements">list of active
7219: formatting elements</a> just has two: <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-b-element">b</a></code> and
7220: <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-i-element">i</a></code>. The <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> is "<a href="#parsing-main-inbody" title="insertion mode: in body">in body</a>".</p>
7221:
7222: <p>Upon receiving the end tag token with the tag name "b", the "<a href="#adoptionAgency">adoption agency algorithm</a>" is
7223: invoked. This is a simple case, in that the <var title="">formatting
7224: element</var> is the <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-b-element">b</a></code> element, and there is no
7225: <var title="">furthest block</var>. Thus, the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open
7226: elements</a> ends up with just three elements: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element">html</a></code>,
7227: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-body-element">body</a></code>, and <code><a href="semantics.html#the-p-element">p</a></code>, while the <a href="#list-of-active-formatting-elements">list of
7228: active formatting elements</a> has just one: <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-i-element">i</a></code>. The
7229: DOM tree is unmodified at this point.</p>
7230:
7231: <p>The next token is a character ("4"), triggers the <a href="#reconstruct-the-active-formatting-elements" title="reconstruct the active formatting elements">reconstruction of
7232: the active formatting elements</a>, in this case just the
7233: <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-i-element">i</a></code> element. A new <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-i-element">i</a></code> element is thus created
7234: for the "4" text node. After the end tag token for the "i" is also
7235: received, and the "5" text node is inserted, the DOM looks as
7236: follows:</p>
7237:
7238: <ul class="domTree"><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element">html</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-head-element">head</a></code></li><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-body-element">body</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-p-element">p</a></code><ul><li class="t3"><code>#text</code>: <span title="">1</span></li><li class="t1"><code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-b-element">b</a></code><ul><li class="t3"><code>#text</code>: <span title="">2</span></li><li class="t1"><code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-i-element">i</a></code><ul><li class="t3"><code>#text</code>: <span title="">3</span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li class="t1"><code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-i-element">i</a></code><ul><li class="t3"><code>#text</code>: <span title="">4</span></li></ul></li><li class="t3"><code>#text</code>: <span title="">5</span></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul><h5 id="misnested-tags:-b-p-b-p"><span class="secno">9.2.8.2 </span>Misnested tags: <b><p></b></p></h5>
7239:
7240: <p><i>This section is non-normative.</i></p>
7241:
7242: <p>A case similar to the previous one is the following:</p>
7243:
7244: <pre><b>1<p>2</b>3</p></pre>
7245:
7246: <p>Up to the "2" the parsing here is straightforward:</p>
7247:
7248: <ul class="domTree"><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element">html</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-head-element">head</a></code></li><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-body-element">body</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-b-element">b</a></code><ul><li class="t3"><code>#text</code>: <span title="">1</span></li><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-p-element">p</a></code><ul><li class="t3"><code>#text</code>: <span title="">2</span></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul><p>The interesting part is when the end tag token with the tag name
7249: "b" is parsed.</p>
7250:
7251: <p>Before that token is seen, the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open
7252: elements</a> has four elements on it: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element">html</a></code>,
7253: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-body-element">body</a></code>, <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-b-element">b</a></code>, and <code><a href="semantics.html#the-p-element">p</a></code>. The
7254: <a href="#list-of-active-formatting-elements">list of active formatting elements</a> just has the one:
7255: <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-b-element">b</a></code>. The <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> is "<a href="#parsing-main-inbody" title="insertion mode: in body">in body</a>".</p>
7256:
7257: <p>Upon receiving the end tag token with the tag name "b", the "<a href="#adoptionAgency">adoption agency algorithm</a>" is invoked, as
7258: in the previous example. However, in this case, there <em>is</em> a
7259: <var title="">furthest block</var>, namely the <code><a href="semantics.html#the-p-element">p</a></code> element. Thus,
7260: this time the adoption agency algorithm isn't skipped over.</p>
7261:
7262: <p>The <var title="">common ancestor</var> is the <code><a href="semantics.html#the-body-element">body</a></code>
7263: element. A conceptual "bookmark" marks the position of the
7264: <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-b-element">b</a></code> in the <a href="#list-of-active-formatting-elements">list of active formatting
7265: elements</a>, but since that list has only one element in it,
7266: it won't have much effect.</p>
7267:
7268: <p>As the algorithm progresses, <var title="">node</var> ends up set
7269: to the formatting element (<code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-b-element">b</a></code>), and <var title="">last
7270: node</var> ends up set to the <var title="">furthest block</var>
7271: (<code><a href="semantics.html#the-p-element">p</a></code>).</p>
7272:
7273: <p>The <var title="">last node</var> gets appended (moved) to the
7274: <var title="">common ancestor</var>, so that the DOM looks like:</p>
7275:
7276: <ul class="domTree"><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element">html</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-head-element">head</a></code></li><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-body-element">body</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-b-element">b</a></code><ul><li class="t3"><code>#text</code>: <span title="">1</span></li></ul></li><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-p-element">p</a></code><ul><li class="t3"><code>#text</code>: <span title="">2</span></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul><p>A new <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-b-element">b</a></code> element is created, and the children of the
7277: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-p-element">p</a></code> element are moved to it:</p>
7278:
7279: <ul class="domTree"><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element">html</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-head-element">head</a></code></li><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-body-element">body</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-b-element">b</a></code><ul><li class="t3"><code>#text</code>: <span title="">1</span></li></ul></li><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-p-element">p</a></code></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul><ul class="domTree"><li class="t1"><code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-b-element">b</a></code><ul><li class="t3"><code>#text</code>: <span title="">2</span></li></ul></li></ul><p>Finally, the new <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-b-element">b</a></code> element is appended to the
7280: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-p-element">p</a></code> element, so that the DOM looks like:</p>
7281:
7282: <ul class="domTree"><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element">html</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-head-element">head</a></code></li><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-body-element">body</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-b-element">b</a></code><ul><li class="t3"><code>#text</code>: <span title="">1</span></li></ul></li><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-p-element">p</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-b-element">b</a></code><ul><li class="t3"><code>#text</code>: <span title="">2</span></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul><p>The <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-b-element">b</a></code> element is removed from the <a href="#list-of-active-formatting-elements">list of
7283: active formatting elements</a> and the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open
7284: elements</a>, so that when the "3" is parsed, it is appended to
7285: the <code><a href="semantics.html#the-p-element">p</a></code> element:</p>
7286:
7287: <ul class="domTree"><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element">html</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-head-element">head</a></code></li><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-body-element">body</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-b-element">b</a></code><ul><li class="t3"><code>#text</code>: <span title="">1</span></li></ul></li><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-p-element">p</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-b-element">b</a></code><ul><li class="t3"><code>#text</code>: <span title="">2</span></li></ul></li><li class="t3"><code>#text</code>: <span title="">3</span></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul><h5 id="unexpected-markup-in-tables"><span class="secno">9.2.8.3 </span>Unexpected markup in tables</h5>
7288:
7289: <p><i>This section is non-normative.</i></p>
7290:
7291: <p>Error handling in tables is, for historical reasons, especially
7292: strange. For example, consider the following markup:</p>
7293:
7294: <pre><table><strong><b></strong><tr><td>aaa</td></tr><strong>bbb</strong></table>ccc</pre>
7295:
7296: <p>The highlighted <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-b-element">b</a></code> element start tag is not allowed
7297: directly inside a table like that, and the parser handles this case
7298: by placing the element <em>before</em> the table. (This is called <i title="foster parent"><a href="#foster-parent">foster parenting</a></i>.) This can be seen by
7299: examining the DOM tree as it stands just after the
7300: <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-table-element">table</a></code> element's start tag has been seen:</p>
7301:
7302: <ul class="domTree"><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element">html</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-head-element">head</a></code></li><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-body-element">body</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-table-element">table</a></code></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul><p>...and then immediately after the <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-b-element">b</a></code> element start
7303: tag has been seen:</p>
7304:
7305: <ul class="domTree"><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element">html</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-head-element">head</a></code></li><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-body-element">body</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-b-element">b</a></code></li><li class="t1"><code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-table-element">table</a></code></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul><p>At this point, the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> has on it
7306: the elements <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element">html</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-body-element">body</a></code>,
7307: <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-table-element">table</a></code>, and <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-b-element">b</a></code> (in that order, despite the
7308: resulting DOM tree); the <a href="#list-of-active-formatting-elements">list of active formatting
7309: elements</a> just has the <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-b-element">b</a></code> element in it; and the
7310: <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> is "<a href="#parsing-main-intable" title="insertion mode: in
7311: table">in table</a>".</p>
7312:
7313: <p>The <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tr-element">tr</a></code> start tag causes the <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-b-element">b</a></code> element
7314: to be popped off the stack and a <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tbody-element">tbody</a></code> start tag to be
7315: implied; the <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tbody-element">tbody</a></code> and <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tr-element">tr</a></code> elements are
7316: then handled in a rather straight-forward manner, taking the parser
7317: through the "<a href="#parsing-main-intbody" title="insertion mode: in table body">in table
7318: body</a>" and "<a href="#parsing-main-intr" title="insertion mode: in row">in
7319: row</a>" insertion modes, after which the DOM looks as
7320: follows:</p>
7321:
7322: <ul class="domTree"><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element">html</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-head-element">head</a></code></li><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-body-element">body</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-b-element">b</a></code></li><li class="t1"><code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-table-element">table</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tbody-element">tbody</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tr-element">tr</a></code></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul><p>Here, the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> has on it the
7323: elements <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element">html</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-body-element">body</a></code>, <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-table-element">table</a></code>,
7324: <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tbody-element">tbody</a></code>, and <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tr-element">tr</a></code>; the <a href="#list-of-active-formatting-elements">list of active
7325: formatting elements</a> still has the <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-b-element">b</a></code> element in
7326: it; and the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> is "<a href="#parsing-main-intr" title="insertion
7327: mode: in row">in row</a>".</p>
7328:
7329: <p>The <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-td-element">td</a></code> element start tag token, after putting a
7330: <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-td-element">td</a></code> element on the tree, puts a marker on the <a href="#list-of-active-formatting-elements">list
7331: of active formatting elements</a> (it also switches to the "<a href="#parsing-main-intd" title="insertion mode: in cell">in cell</a>" <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion
7332: mode</a>).</p>
7333:
7334: <ul class="domTree"><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element">html</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-head-element">head</a></code></li><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-body-element">body</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-b-element">b</a></code></li><li class="t1"><code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-table-element">table</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tbody-element">tbody</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tr-element">tr</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-td-element">td</a></code></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul><p>The marker means that when the "aaa" character tokens are seen,
7335: no <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-b-element">b</a></code> element is created to hold the resulting text
7336: node:</p>
7337:
7338: <ul class="domTree"><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element">html</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-head-element">head</a></code></li><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-body-element">body</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-b-element">b</a></code></li><li class="t1"><code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-table-element">table</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tbody-element">tbody</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tr-element">tr</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-td-element">td</a></code><ul><li class="t3"><code>#text</code>: <span title="">aaa</span></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul><p>The end tags are handled in a straight-forward manner; after
7339: handling them, the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> has on it the
7340: elements <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element">html</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-body-element">body</a></code>, <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-table-element">table</a></code>,
7341: and <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tbody-element">tbody</a></code>; the <a href="#list-of-active-formatting-elements">list of active formatting
7342: elements</a> still has the <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-b-element">b</a></code> element in it (the
7343: marker having been removed by the "td" end tag token); and the
7344: <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> is "<a href="#parsing-main-intbody" title="insertion mode: in
7345: table body">in table body</a>".</p>
7346:
7347: <p>Thus it is that the "bbb" character tokens are found. These
7348: trigger the "<a href="#parsing-main-intabletext" title="insertion mode: in table text">in table
7349: text</a>" insertion mode to be used (with the <a href="#original-insertion-mode">original
7350: insertion mode</a> set to "<a href="#parsing-main-intbody" title="insertion mode: in table
7351: body">in table body</a>"). The character tokens are collected,
7352: and when the next token (the <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-table-element">table</a></code> element end tag) is
7353: seen, they are processed as a group. Since they are not all spaces,
7354: they are handled as per the "anything else" rules in the "<a href="#parsing-main-intable" title="insertion mode: in table">in table</a>" insertion mode,
7355: which defer to the "<a href="#parsing-main-inbody" title="insertion mode: in body">in
7356: body</a>" insertion mode but with <a href="#foster-parent" title="foster
7357: parent">foster parenting</a>.</p>
7358:
7359: <p>When <a href="#reconstruct-the-active-formatting-elements" title="reconstruct the active formatting elements">the
7360: active formatting elements are reconstructed</a>, a
7361: <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-b-element">b</a></code> element is created and <a href="#foster-parent" title="foster
7362: parent">foster parented</a>, and then the "bbb" text node is
7363: appended to it:</p>
7364:
7365: <ul class="domTree"><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element">html</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-head-element">head</a></code></li><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-body-element">body</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-b-element">b</a></code></li><li class="t1"><code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-b-element">b</a></code><ul><li class="t3"><code>#text</code>: <span title="">bbb</span></li></ul></li><li class="t1"><code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-table-element">table</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tbody-element">tbody</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tr-element">tr</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-td-element">td</a></code><ul><li class="t3"><code>#text</code>: <span title="">aaa</span></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul><p>The <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> has on it the elements
7366: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element">html</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-body-element">body</a></code>, <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-table-element">table</a></code>,
7367: <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tbody-element">tbody</a></code>, and the new <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-b-element">b</a></code> (again, note that
7368: this doesn't match the resulting tree!); the <a href="#list-of-active-formatting-elements">list of active
7369: formatting elements</a> has the new <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-b-element">b</a></code> element in it;
7370: and the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> is still "<a href="#parsing-main-intbody" title="insertion
7371: mode: in table body">in table body</a>".</p>
7372:
7373: <p>Had the character tokens been only <a href="infrastructure.html#space-character" title="space
7374: character">space characters</a> instead of "bbb", then those
7375: <a href="infrastructure.html#space-character" title="space character">space characters</a> would just be
7376: appended to the <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tbody-element">tbody</a></code> element.</p>
7377:
7378: <p>Finally, the <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-table-element">table</a></code> is closed by a "table" end
7379: tag. This pops all the nodes from the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open
7380: elements</a> up to and including the <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-table-element">table</a></code> element,
7381: but it doesn't affect the <a href="#list-of-active-formatting-elements">list of active formatting
7382: elements</a>, so the "ccc" character tokens after the table
7383: result in yet another <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-b-element">b</a></code> element being created, this
7384: time after the table:</p>
7385:
7386: <ul class="domTree"><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element">html</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-head-element">head</a></code></li><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-body-element">body</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-b-element">b</a></code></li><li class="t1"><code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-b-element">b</a></code><ul><li class="t3"><code>#text</code>: <span title="">bbb</span></li></ul></li><li class="t1"><code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-table-element">table</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tbody-element">tbody</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tr-element">tr</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-td-element">td</a></code><ul><li class="t3"><code>#text</code>: <span title="">aaa</span></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li><li class="t1"><code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-b-element">b</a></code><ul><li class="t3"><code>#text</code>: <span title="">ccc</span></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul><h5 id="scripts-that-modify-the-page-as-it-is-being-parsed"><span class="secno">9.2.8.4 </span>Scripts that modify the page as it is being parsed</h5>
7387:
7388: <p><i>This section is non-normative.</i></p>
7389:
7390: <p>Consider the following markup, which for this example we will
7391: assume is the document with <a href="infrastructure.html#url">URL</a> <code title="">http://example.com/inner</code>, being rendered as the
7392: content of an <code><a href="embedded-content-0.html#the-iframe-element">iframe</a></code> in another document with the
7393: <a href="infrastructure.html#url">URL</a> <code title="">http://example.com/outer</code>:</p>
7394:
7395: <pre><div id=a>
7396: <script>
7397: var div = document.getElementById('a');
7398: parent.document.body.appendChild(div);
7399: </script>
7400: <script>
7401: alert(document.URL);
7402: </script>
7403: </div>
7404: <script>
7405: alert(document.URL);
7406: </script></pre>
7407:
7408: <p>Up to the first "script" end tag, before the script is parsed,
7409: the result is relatively straightforward:</p>
7410:
7411: <ul class="domTree"><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element">html</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-head-element">head</a></code></li><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-body-element">body</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="interactive-elements.html#the-div-element">div</a></code> <span class="t2" title=""><code class="attribute name">id</code>="<code class="attribute value"><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-a-element">a</a></code>"</span><ul><li class="t3"><code>#text</code>: <span title="">
7412: </span></li><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#script">script</a></code><ul><li class="t3"><code>#text</code>: <span title="">var div = document.getElementById('a'); ⏎ parent.document.body.appendChild(div);</span></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul><p>After the script is parsed, though, the <code><a href="interactive-elements.html#the-div-element">div</a></code> element
7413: and its child <code><a href="semantics.html#script">script</a></code> element are gone:</p>
7414:
7415: <ul class="domTree"><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element">html</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-head-element">head</a></code></li><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-body-element">body</a></code></li></ul></li></ul><p>They are, at this point, in the <code>Document</code> of the
7416: aforementioned outer <a href="browsers.html#browsing-context">browsing context</a>. However, the
7417: <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> <em>still contains the
7418: <code><a href="interactive-elements.html#the-div-element">div</a></code> element</em>.</p>
7419:
7420: <p>Thus, when the second <code><a href="semantics.html#script">script</a></code> element is parsed, it
7421: is inserted <em>into the outer <code>Document</code>
7422: object</em>.</p>
7423:
7424: <p>This also means that the <a href="browsers.html#script-s-global-object">script's global object</a> is
7425: the outer <a href="browsers.html#browsing-context">browsing context</a>'s <code><a href="browsers.html#window">Window</a></code>
7426: object, <em>not</em> the <code><a href="browsers.html#window">Window</a></code> object inside the
7427: <code><a href="embedded-content-0.html#the-iframe-element">iframe</a></code>.</p>
7428:
7429: <p class="note">This isn't a security problem since the script that
7430: moves the <code><a href="interactive-elements.html#the-div-element">div</a></code> into the outer <code>Document</code> can
7431: only do so because they have the two <code>Document</code> object
7432: have the same <a href="browsers.html#origin-0">origin</a>.</p>
7433:
7434: <p>Thus, the first alert says "http://example.com/outer".</p>
7435:
7436: <p>Once the <code><a href="interactive-elements.html#the-div-element">div</a></code> element's end tag is parsed, the
7437: <code><a href="interactive-elements.html#the-div-element">div</a></code> element is popped off the stack, and so the next
7438: <code><a href="semantics.html#script">script</a></code> element is in the inner <code>Document</code>:</p>
7439:
7440: <ul class="domTree"><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element">html</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-head-element">head</a></code></li><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-body-element">body</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#script">script</a></code><ul><li class="t3"><code>#text</code>: <span title="">alert(document.URL);</span></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul><p>This second alert will say "http://example.com/inner".</p>
7441:
7442:
7443:
7444: <h3 id="namespaces"><span class="secno">9.3 </span>Namespaces</h3>
7445:
7446: <p>The <dfn id="html-namespace-0">HTML namespace</dfn> is: <code>http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml</code></p>
7447:
7448: <p>The <dfn id="mathml-namespace">MathML namespace</dfn> is: <code>http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML</code></p>
7449:
7450: <p>The <dfn id="svg-namespace">SVG namespace</dfn> is: <code>http://www.w3.org/2000/svg</code></p>
7451:
7452: <p>The <dfn id="xlink-namespace">XLink namespace</dfn> is: <code>http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink</code></p>
7453:
7454: <p>The <dfn id="xml-namespace">XML namespace</dfn> is: <code>http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace</code></p>
7455:
7456: <p>The <dfn id="xmlns-namespace">XMLNS namespace</dfn> is: <code>http://www.w3.org/2000/xmlns/</code></p>
7457:
7458: <hr><p>Data mining tools and other user agents that perform operations
1.83 mike 7459: on <code><a href="iana-considerations.html#text-html">text/html</a></code> content without running scripts,
1.1 mike 7460: evaluating CSS or XPath expressions, or otherwise exposing the
7461: resulting DOM to arbitrary content, may "support namespaces" by just
7462: asserting that their DOM node analogues are in certain namespaces,
7463: without actually exposing the above strings.</p>
7464:
7465:
7466:
7467:
7468: <h3 id="serializing-html-fragments"><span class="secno">9.4 </span>Serializing HTML fragments</h3>
7469:
7470: <p>The following steps form the <dfn id="html-fragment-serialization-algorithm">HTML fragment serialization
7471: algorithm</dfn>. The algorithm takes as input a DOM
7472: <code>Element</code> or <code>Document</code>, referred to as <var title="">the node</var>, and either returns a string or raises an
7473: exception.</p>
7474:
7475: <p class="note">This algorithm serializes the <em>children</em> of
7476: the node being serialized, not the node itself.</p>
7477:
7478: <ol><li><p>Let <var title="">s</var> be a string, and initialize it to
7479: the empty string.</p></li>
7480:
7481: <li>
7482:
7483: <p>For each child node of <var title="">the node</var>, in
7484: <a href="infrastructure.html#tree-order">tree order</a>, run the following steps:
7485:
7486: </p><ol><li><p>Let <var title="">current node</var> be the child node
7487: being processed.</p></li>
7488:
7489: <li>
7490:
7491: <p>Append the appropriate string from the following list to
7492: <var title="">s</var>:</p>
7493:
7494: <dl class="switch"><dt>If <var title="">current node</var> is an <code title="">Element</code></dt>
7495:
7496: <dd>
7497:
7498: <p>Append a U+003C LESS-THAN SIGN (<code title=""><</code>)
7499: character, followed by the element's tag name. (For nodes
7500: created by the <a href="#html-parser">HTML parser</a> or <code title="">Document.createElement()</code>, the tag name will be
7501: lowercase.)</p>
7502:
7503: <p>For each attribute that the element has, append a U+0020
7504: SPACE character, the attribute's name (which, for attributes
7505: set by the <a href="#html-parser">HTML parser</a> or by <code title="">Element.setAttributeNode()</code> or <code title="">Element.setAttribute()</code>, will be lowercase), a
7506: U+003D EQUALS SIGN (<code title="">=</code>) character, a
7507: U+0022 QUOTATION MARK (<code title="">"</code>)
7508: character, the attribute's value, <a href="#escapingString" title="escaping a
7509: string">escaped as described below</a> in <i>attribute
7510: mode</i>, and a second U+0022 QUOTATION MARK (<code title="">"</code>) character.</p>
7511:
7512: <p>While the exact order of attributes is UA-defined, and may
7513: depend on factors such as the order that the attributes were
7514: given in the original markup, the sort order must be stable,
7515: such that consecutive invocations of this algorithm serialize an
7516: element's attributes in the same order.</p>
7517:
7518: <p>Append a U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN (<code title="">></code>)
7519: character.</p>
7520:
7521: <p>If <var title="">current node</var> is an
1.5 mike 7522: <code><a href="the-canvas-element.html#the-area-element">area</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-base-element">base</a></code>, <code><a href="obsolete.html#basefont">basefont</a></code>,
1.1 mike 7523: <code>bgsound</code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-br-element">br</a></code>, <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-col-element">col</a></code>,
1.5 mike 7524: <code><a href="embedded-content-0.html#the-embed-element">embed</a></code>, <code><a href="obsolete.html#frame">frame</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-hr-element">hr</a></code>,
1.1 mike 7525: <code><a href="embedded-content-0.html#the-img-element">img</a></code>, <code><a href="forms.html#the-input-element">input</a></code>, <code><a href="forms.html#the-keygen-element">keygen</a></code>,
7526: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-link-element">link</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#meta">meta</a></code>, <code><a href="embedded-content-0.html#the-param-element">param</a></code>,
1.5 mike 7527: <code><a href="obsolete.html#spacer">spacer</a></code>, or <code>wbr</code> element, then
1.1 mike 7528: continue on to the next child node at this point.</p> <!--
7529: also, i guess: image and isindex, but we don't list those
7530: because we don't consider those "elements", more "macros", and
7531: thus we should never serialize them -->
7532:
7533: <p>If <var title="">current node</var> is a <code><a href="semantics.html#the-pre-element">pre</a></code>,
1.42 mike 7534: <code><a href="forms.html#the-textarea-element">textarea</a></code>, or <code><a href="obsolete.html#listing">listing</a></code> element, append
1.1 mike 7535: a U+000A LINE FEED (LF) character.</p>
7536:
7537: <p>Append the value of running the <a href="#html-fragment-serialization-algorithm">HTML fragment
7538: serialization algorithm</a> on the <var title="">current
7539: node</var> element (thus recursing into this algorithm for
7540: that element), followed by a U+003C LESS-THAN SIGN (<code title=""><</code>) character, a U+002F SOLIDUS (<code title="">/</code>) character, the element's tag name again,
7541: and finally a U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN (<code title="">></code>) character.</p>
7542:
7543: </dd>
7544:
7545:
7546: <dt>If <var title="">current node</var> is a <code title="">Text</code> or <code title="">CDATASection</code>
7547: node</dt>
7548:
7549: <dd>
7550:
1.19 mike 7551: <p>If the parent of <var title="">current node</var> is a
1.42 mike 7552: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-style-element">style</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#script">script</a></code>, <code><a href="obsolete.html#xmp">xmp</a></code>,
1.19 mike 7553: <code><a href="embedded-content-0.html#the-iframe-element">iframe</a></code>, <code><a href="obsolete.html#noembed">noembed</a></code>,
1.5 mike 7554: <code><a href="obsolete.html#noframes">noframes</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-noscript-element">noscript</a></code>, or
1.42 mike 7555: <code><a href="obsolete.html#plaintext">plaintext</a></code> element, then append the value of <var title="">current node</var>'s <code title="">data</code> DOM
1.1 mike 7556: attribute literally.</p> <!-- note about noscript: we're
7557: assuming here that scripting is enabled. If this algorithm is
1.19 mike 7558: used with scripting disabled, this won't work
7559: right. (e.g. This might affect calling innerHTML on nodes in a
7560: document that is being designMode'd) -->
1.1 mike 7561:
7562: <p>Otherwise, append the value of <var title="">current
7563: node</var>'s <code title="">data</code> DOM attribute, <a href="#escapingString" title="escaping a string">escaped as described
7564: below</a>.</p>
7565:
7566: </dd>
7567:
7568:
7569: <dt>If <var title="">current node</var> is a <code title="">Comment</code></dt>
7570:
7571: <dd>
7572:
7573: <p>Append the literal string <code><!--</code> (U+003C
7574: LESS-THAN SIGN, U+0021 EXCLAMATION MARK, U+002D HYPHEN-MINUS,
7575: U+002D HYPHEN-MINUS), followed by the value of <var title="">current node</var>'s <code title="">data</code> DOM
7576: attribute, followed by the literal string <code>--></code>
7577: (U+002D HYPHEN-MINUS, U+002D HYPHEN-MINUS, U+003E GREATER-THAN
7578: SIGN).</p>
7579:
7580: </dd>
7581:
7582:
7583: <dt>If <var title="">current node</var> is a <code title="">ProcessingInstruction</code></dt>
7584:
7585: <dd>
7586:
7587: <p>Append the literal string <code><?</code> (U+003C
7588: LESS-THAN SIGN, U+003F QUESTION MARK), followed by the value
7589: of <var title="">current node</var>'s <code title="">target</code> DOM attribute, followed by a single
7590: U+0020 SPACE character, followed by the value of <var title="">current node</var>'s <code title="">data</code> DOM
7591: attribute, followed by a single U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN
7592: character ('>').</p>
7593:
7594: </dd>
7595:
7596:
7597: <dt>If <var title="">current node</var> is a <code title="">DocumentType</code></dt>
7598:
7599: <dd>
7600:
7601: <p>Append the literal string <code><!DOCTYPE</code> (U+003C
7602: LESS-THAN SIGN, U+0021 EXCLAMATION MARK, U+0044 LATIN CAPITAL
7603: LETTER D, U+004F LATIN CAPITAL LETTER O, U+0043 LATIN CAPITAL
7604: LETTER C, U+0054 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER T, U+0059 LATIN CAPITAL
7605: LETTER Y, U+0050 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER P, U+0045 LATIN CAPITAL
7606: LETTER E), followed by a space (U+0020 SPACE), followed by the
7607: value of <var title="">current node</var>'s <code title="">name</code> DOM attribute, followed by the literal
7608: string <code>></code> (U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN).</p>
7609:
7610: </dd>
7611:
7612:
7613: </dl><p>Other node types (e.g. <code title="">Attr</code>) cannot
7614: occur as children of elements. If, despite this, they somehow do
7615: occur, this algorithm must raise an
7616: <code><a href="infrastructure.html#invalid_state_err">INVALID_STATE_ERR</a></code> exception.</p>
7617:
7618: </li>
7619:
7620: </ol></li>
7621:
7622: <li><p>The result of the algorithm is the string <var title="">s</var>.</p></li>
7623:
7624: </ol><p><dfn id="escapingString">Escaping a string</dfn> (for the
7625: purposes of the algorithm above) consists of replacing any
7626: occurrences of the "<code title="">&</code>" character by the
7627: string "<code title="">&amp;</code>", any occurrences of the
7628: U+00A0 NO-BREAK SPACE character by the string "<code title="">&nbsp;</code>", and, if the algorithm was invoked in
7629: the <i>attribute mode</i>, any occurrences of the "<code title="">"</code>" character by the string "<code title="">&quot;</code>", or if it was not, any occurrences of
7630: the "<code title=""><</code>" character by the string "<code title="">&lt;</code>", any occurrences of the "<code title="">></code>" character by the string "<code title="">&gt;</code>".</p>
7631:
7632: <p class="note">Entity reference nodes are <a href="infrastructure.html#entity-references">assumed to be expanded</a> by the user
7633: agent, and are therefore not covered in the algorithm above.</p>
7634:
7635: <p class="note">It is possible that the output of this algorithm, if
7636: parsed with an <a href="#html-parser">HTML parser</a>, will not return the
7637: original tree structure. For instance, if a <code><a href="forms.html#the-textarea-element">textarea</a></code>
7638: element to which a <code title="">Comment</code> node has been
7639: appended is serialized and the output is then reparsed, the comment
7640: will end up being displayed in the text field. Similarly, if, as a
7641: result of DOM manipulation, an element contains a comment that
7642: contains the literal string "<code title="">--></code>", then
7643: when the result of serializing the element is parsed, the comment
7644: will be truncated at that point and the rest of the comment will be
7645: interpreted as markup. More examples would be making a
7646: <code><a href="semantics.html#script">script</a></code> element contain a text node with the text string
7647: "<code></script></code>", or having a <code><a href="semantics.html#the-p-element">p</a></code> element that
7648: contains a <code><a href="semantics.html#the-ul-element">ul</a></code> element (as the <code><a href="semantics.html#the-ul-element">ul</a></code> element's
7649: <a href="#syntax-start-tag" title="syntax-start-tag">start tag</a> would imply the end
7650: tag for the <code><a href="semantics.html#the-p-element">p</a></code>).</p>
7651:
7652:
7653: <h3 id="parsing-html-fragments"><span class="secno">9.5 </span>Parsing HTML fragments</h3>
7654:
7655: <p>The following steps form the <dfn id="html-fragment-parsing-algorithm">HTML fragment parsing
7656: algorithm</dfn>. The algorithm optionally takes as input an
7657: <code>Element</code> node, referred to as the <var title="">context</var> element, which gives the context for the
7658: parser, as well as <var title="">input</var>, a string to parse, and
7659: returns a list of zero or more nodes.</p>
7660:
7661: <p class="note">Parts marked <dfn id="fragment-case">fragment case</dfn> in algorithms
7662: in the parser section are parts that only occur if the parser was
7663: created for the purposes of this algorithm (and with a <var title="">context</var> element). The algorithms have been annotated
7664: with such markings for informational purposes only; such markings
7665: have no normative weight. If it is possible for a condition
7666: described as a <a href="#fragment-case">fragment case</a> to occur even when the
7667: parser wasn't created for the purposes of handling this algorithm,
7668: then that is an error in the specification.</p>
7669:
7670: <ol><li>
7671:
7672: <p>Create a new <code>Document</code> node, and mark it as being
7673: an <a href="dom.html#html-documents" title="HTML documents">HTML document</a>.</p>
7674:
7675: </li>
7676:
7677: <li>
7678:
7679: <p>If there is a <var title="">context</var> element, and the
7680: <code>Document</code> of the <var title="">context</var> element
7681: is in <a href="dom.html#quirks-mode">quirks mode</a>, then let the <code>Document</code>
7682: be in <a href="dom.html#quirks-mode">quirks mode</a>. Otherwise, if there is a <var title="">context</var> element, and the <code>Document</code> of
7683: the <var title="">context</var> element is in <a href="dom.html#limited-quirks-mode">limited quirks
7684: mode</a>, then let the <code>Document</code> be in
7685: <a href="dom.html#limited-quirks-mode">limited quirks mode</a>. Otherwise, leave the
7686: <code>Document</code> in <a href="dom.html#no-quirks-mode">no quirks mode</a>.</p>
7687:
7688: </li>
7689:
7690: <li>
7691:
7692: <p>Create a new <a href="#html-parser">HTML parser</a>, and associate it with
7693: the just created <code>Document</code> node.</p>
7694:
7695: </li>
7696:
7697: <li>
7698:
7699: <p>If there is a <var title="">context</var> element, run these
7700: substeps:</p>
7701:
7702: <ol><li>
7703:
7704: <p>Set the <a href="#html-parser">HTML parser</a>'s <a href="#tokenization">tokenization</a>
7705: stage's <a href="#content-model-flag">content model flag</a> according to the <var title="">context</var> element, as follows:</p>
7706:
7707: <dl class="switch"><dt>If it is a <code><a href="semantics.html#the-title-element">title</a></code> or <code><a href="forms.html#the-textarea-element">textarea</a></code>
7708: element</dt>
7709:
7710: <dd>Set the <a href="#content-model-flag">content model flag</a> to
7711: the RCDATA state.</dd>
7712:
7713:
7714: <dt>If it is a <code><a href="semantics.html#the-style-element">style</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#script">script</a></code>,
1.42 mike 7715: <code><a href="obsolete.html#xmp">xmp</a></code>, <code><a href="embedded-content-0.html#the-iframe-element">iframe</a></code>, <code><a href="obsolete.html#noembed">noembed</a></code>, or
1.5 mike 7716: <code><a href="obsolete.html#noframes">noframes</a></code> element</dt>
1.1 mike 7717:
7718: <dd>Set the <a href="#content-model-flag">content model flag</a> to
1.91 mike 7719: the RAWTEXT state.</dd>
1.1 mike 7720:
7721:
7722: <dt>If it is a <code><a href="semantics.html#the-noscript-element">noscript</a></code> element</dt>
7723:
7724: <dd>If the <a href="#scripting-flag">scripting flag</a> is enabled, set the
1.91 mike 7725: <a href="#content-model-flag">content model flag</a> to the RAWTEXT
1.1 mike 7726: state. Otherwise, set the <a href="#content-model-flag">content model flag</a> to the
7727: PCDATA state.</dd>
7728:
7729:
1.42 mike 7730: <dt>If it is a <code><a href="obsolete.html#plaintext">plaintext</a></code> element</dt>
1.1 mike 7731:
7732: <dd>Set the <a href="#content-model-flag">content model flag</a> to
7733: PLAINTEXT.</dd>
7734:
7735:
7736: <dt>Otherwise</dt>
7737:
7738: <dd>Leave the <a href="#content-model-flag">content model flag</a> in the PCDATA
7739: state.</dd>
7740:
7741: </dl></li>
7742:
7743: <li>
7744:
7745: <p>Let <var title="">root</var> be a new <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element">html</a></code> element
7746: with no attributes.</p>
7747:
7748: </li>
7749:
7750: <li>
7751:
7752: <p>Append the element <var title="">root</var> to the
7753: <code>Document</code> node created above.</p>
7754:
7755: </li>
7756:
7757: <li>
7758:
7759: <p>Set up the parser's <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> so that
7760: it contains just the single element <var title="">root</var>.</p>
7761:
7762: </li>
7763:
7764: <li>
7765:
7766: <p><a href="#reset-the-insertion-mode-appropriately" title="reset the insertion mode appropriately">Reset the
7767: parser's insertion mode appropriately</a>.</p>
7768:
7769: <p class="note">The parser will reference the <var title="">context</var> element as part of that algorithm.</p>
7770:
7771: </li>
7772:
7773: <li>
7774:
7775: <p>Set the parser's <a href="#form-element-pointer"><code>form</code> element pointer</a>
7776: to the nearest node to the <var title="">context</var> element
7777: that is a <code><a href="forms.html#the-form-element">form</a></code> element (going straight up the
7778: ancestor chain, and including the element itself, if it is a
7779: <code><a href="forms.html#the-form-element">form</a></code> element), or, if there is no such
7780: <code><a href="forms.html#the-form-element">form</a></code> element, to null.</p>
7781:
7782: </li>
7783:
7784: </ol></li>
7785:
7786: <li>
7787:
7788: <p>Place into the <a href="#the-input-stream">input stream</a> for the <a href="#html-parser">HTML
7789: parser</a> just created the <var title="">input</var>. The
7790: encoding <a href="#concept-encoding-confidence" title="concept-encoding-confidence">confidence</a> is
7791: <i>irrelevant</i>.</p>
7792:
7793: </li>
7794:
7795: <li>
7796:
7797: <p>Start the parser and let it run until it has consumed all the
7798: characters just inserted into the input stream.</p>
7799:
7800: </li>
7801:
7802: <li>
7803:
7804: <p>If there is a <var title="">context</var> element, return the
7805: child nodes of <var title="">root</var>, in <a href="infrastructure.html#tree-order">tree
7806: order</a>.</p>
7807:
7808: <p>Otherwise, return the children of the <code>Document</code>
7809: object, in <a href="infrastructure.html#tree-order">tree order</a>.</p>
7810:
7811: </li>
7812:
1.97 mike 7813: </ol></div>
7814:
7815:
7816:
7817: </body></html>
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