Annotation of html5/spec/syntax.html, revision 1.108
1.2 mike 1: <!DOCTYPE HTML>
1.12 mike 2: <html lang="en-US-x-Hixie"><head><title>9 The HTML syntax — HTML 5</title><style type="text/css">
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1.2 mike 173: </style><link href="data:text/css," rel="stylesheet" title="Complete specification"><link href="data:text/css,.impl%20%7B%20display:%20none;%20%7D" rel="alternate stylesheet" title="Author documentation only"><link href="data:text/css,.impl%20%7B%20background:%20%23FFEEEE;%20%7D" rel="alternate stylesheet" title="Highlight implementation requirements"><link href="http://www.w3.org/StyleSheets/TR/W3C-ED" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css"><!-- ZZZ ED vs WD -->
174: <script src="link-fixup.js"></script>
175: <link href="comms.html" title="8 Communication" rel="prev">
176: <link href="spec.html#contents" title="Table of contents" rel="index">
1.1 mike 177: <link href="named-character-references.html" title="9.6 Named character references" rel="next">
1.16 mike 178: </head><body onload="fixBrokenLink(); fixBrokenLink()"><div class="head">
1.1 mike 179: <p><a href="http://www.w3.org/"><img alt="W3C" height="48" src="http://www.w3.org/Icons/w3c_home" width="72"></a></p>
1.4 mike 180: <h1>HTML 5</h1>
1.1 mike 181: <h2 class="no-num no-toc" id="a-vocabulary-and-associated-apis-for-html-and-xhtml">A vocabulary and associated APIs for HTML and XHTML</h2>
1.97 mike 182: </div>
183:
184: <nav>
1.1 mike 185: <a href="comms.html">← 8 Communication</a> –
1.2 mike 186: <a href="spec.html#contents">Table of contents</a> –
1.1 mike 187: <a href="named-character-references.html">9.6 Named character references →</a>
1.108 ! mike 188: </nav><p>This is revision 1.2778.</p>
1.97 mike 189:
1.11 mike 190:
1.97 mike 191: <h2 id="syntax"><span class="secno">9 </span><dfn>The HTML syntax</dfn></h2>
1.1 mike 192:
1.97 mike 193: <p class="note">This section only describes the rules for
1.83 mike 194: <code><a href="iana-considerations.html#text-html">text/html</a></code> resources. Rules for XML resources are
1.1 mike 195: discussed in the section below entitled "<a href="the-xhtml-syntax.html#the-xhtml-syntax">The XHTML
1.97 mike 196: syntax</a>".</p>
197:
198:
199: <h3 id="writing"><span class="secno">9.1 </span>Writing HTML documents</h3>
200:
201: <div class="impl">
1.1 mike 202:
203: <p><i>This section only applies to documents, authoring tools, and
204: markup generators. In particular, it does not apply to conformance
205: checkers; conformance checkers must use the requirements given in
206: the next section ("parsing HTML documents").</i></p>
207:
1.97 mike 208: </div>
209:
210: <p>Documents must consist of the following parts, in the given
211: order:</p>
212:
213: <ol><li>Optionally, a single U+FEFF BYTE ORDER MARK (BOM) character.</li>
1.1 mike 214:
215: <li>Any number of <a href="#syntax-comments" title="syntax-comments">comments</a> and
216: <a href="infrastructure.html#space-character" title="space character">space characters</a>.</li>
217:
218: <li>A <a href="#syntax-doctype" title="syntax-doctype">DOCTYPE</a>.
219:
220: </li><li>Any number of <a href="#syntax-comments" title="syntax-comments">comments</a> and
221: <a href="infrastructure.html#space-character" title="space character">space characters</a>.</li>
222:
223: <li>The root element, in the form of an <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element">html</a></code> <a href="#syntax-elements" title="syntax-elements">element</a>.</li>
224:
225: <li>Any number of <a href="#syntax-comments" title="syntax-comments">comments</a> and
226: <a href="infrastructure.html#space-character" title="space character">space characters</a>.</li>
227:
228: </ol><p>The various types of content mentioned above are described in the
1.97 mike 229: next few sections.</p>
230:
231: <p>In addition, there are some restrictions on how <a href="semantics.html#character-encoding-declaration" title="character encoding declaration">character encoding
1.1 mike 232: declarations</a> are to be serialized, as discussed in the
1.97 mike 233: section on that topic.</p>
234:
235: <div class="note">
1.1 mike 236:
237: <p>Space characters before the root <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element">html</a></code> element, and
238: space characters at the start of the <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element">html</a></code> element and
239: before the <code><a href="semantics.html#the-head-element">head</a></code> element, will be dropped when the
240: document is parsed; space characters <em>after</em> the root
241: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element">html</a></code> element will be parsed as if they were at the end
242: of the <code><a href="semantics.html#the-body-element">body</a></code> element. Thus, space characters around the
243: root element do not round-trip.</p>
244:
245: <p>It is suggested that newlines be inserted after the DOCTYPE,
246: after any comments that are before the root element, after the
247: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element">html</a></code> element's start tag (if it is not <a href="#syntax-tag-omission" title="syntax-tag-omission">omitted</a>), and after any comments
248: that are inside the <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element">html</a></code> element but before the
249: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-head-element">head</a></code> element.</p>
250:
1.97 mike 251: </div>
252:
253: <p>Many strings in the HTML syntax (e.g. the names of elements and
1.1 mike 254: their attributes) are case-insensitive, but only for characters in
255: the ranges U+0041 .. U+005A (LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A to LATIN CAPITAL
256: LETTER Z) and U+0061 .. U+007A (LATIN SMALL LETTER A to LATIN SMALL
257: LETTER Z). For convenience, in this section this is just referred to
1.97 mike 258: as "case-insensitive".</p>
259:
260:
261: <h4 id="the-doctype"><span class="secno">9.1.1 </span>The DOCTYPE</h4>
262:
263: <p>A <dfn id="syntax-doctype" title="syntax-doctype">DOCTYPE</dfn> is a mostly useless,
264: but required, header.</p>
265:
266: <p class="note">DOCTYPEs are required for legacy reasons. When
1.1 mike 267: omitted, browsers tend to use a different rendering mode that is
268: incompatible with some specifications. Including the DOCTYPE in a
269: document ensures that the browser makes a best-effort attempt at
1.97 mike 270: following the relevant specifications.</p>
271:
272: <p>A DOCTYPE must consist of the following characters, in this
273: order:</p>
274:
275: <ol class="brief"><li>A U+003C LESS-THAN SIGN (<code><</code>) character.</li>
1.1 mike 276: <li>A U+0021 EXCLAMATION MARK (<code>!</code>) character.</li>
277: <li>A string that is an <a href="infrastructure.html#ascii-case-insensitive">ASCII case-insensitive</a> match for the string "<code title="">DOCTYPE</code>".</li>
278: <li>One or more <a href="infrastructure.html#space-character" title="space character">space characters</a>.</li>
279: <li>A string that is an <a href="infrastructure.html#ascii-case-insensitive">ASCII case-insensitive</a> match for the string "<code title="">HTML</code>".</li>
280: <li>Optionally, a <a href="#doctype-legacy-string">DOCTYPE legacy string</a> (defined below).</li>
281: <li>Zero or more <a href="infrastructure.html#space-character" title="space character">space characters</a>.</li>
282: <li>A U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN (<code>></code>) character.</li>
283: </ol><p class="note">In other words, <code><!DOCTYPE HTML></code>,
1.97 mike 284: case-insensitively.</p>
285:
286: <p>For the purposes of HTML generators that cannot output HTML
1.1 mike 287: markup with the short DOCTYPE "<code title=""><!DOCTYPE
288: HTML></code>", a <dfn id="doctype-legacy-string">DOCTYPE legacy string</dfn> may be inserted
289: into the DOCTYPE (in the position defined above). This string must
1.97 mike 290: consist of:</p>
291:
292: <ol class="brief"><li>One or more <a href="infrastructure.html#space-character" title="space character">space characters</a>.</li>
1.1 mike 293: <li>A string that is an <a href="infrastructure.html#ascii-case-insensitive">ASCII case-insensitive</a> match for the string "<code title="">SYSTEM</code>".</li>
294: <li>One or more <a href="infrastructure.html#space-character" title="space character">space characters</a>.</li>
295: <li>A U+0022 QUOTATION MARK or U+0027 APOSTROPHE character (the <i>quote mark</i>).</li>
296: <li>The literal string "<code title="">about:legacy-compat</code>".</li>
297: <li>A matching U+0022 QUOTATION MARK or U+0027 APOSTROPHE character (i.e. the same character as in the earlier step marked <i>quote mark</i>).</li>
298: </ol><p class="note">In other words, <code><!DOCTYPE HTML SYSTEM
299: "about:legacy-compat"></code> or <code><!DOCTYPE HTML SYSTEM
300: 'about:legacy-compat'></code>, case-insensitively except for the bit
1.97 mike 301: in quotes.</p>
302:
303: <p>The <a href="#doctype-legacy-string">DOCTYPE legacy string</a> should not be used unless
1.1 mike 304: the document is generated from a system that cannot output the
1.97 mike 305: shorter string.</p>
306:
307:
308:
309: <h4 id="elements-0"><span class="secno">9.1.2 </span>Elements</h4>
310:
311: <p>There are five different kinds of <dfn id="syntax-elements" title="syntax-elements">elements</dfn>: void elements, raw text
1.1 mike 312: elements, RCDATA elements, foreign elements, and normal
1.97 mike 313: elements.</p>
314:
315: <dl><dt><dfn id="void-elements">Void elements</dfn></dt>
1.1 mike 316:
317: <dd><code><a href="the-canvas-element.html#the-area-element">area</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-base-element">base</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-br-element">br</a></code>,
318: <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-col-element">col</a></code>, <code><a href="interactive-elements.html#the-command">command</a></code>, <code><a href="embedded-content-0.html#the-embed-element">embed</a></code>,
319: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-hr-element">hr</a></code>, <code><a href="embedded-content-0.html#the-img-element">img</a></code>, <code><a href="forms.html#the-input-element">input</a></code>,
320: <code><a href="forms.html#the-keygen-element">keygen</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-link-element">link</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#meta">meta</a></code>,
321: <code><a href="embedded-content-0.html#the-param-element">param</a></code>, <code><a href="video.html#the-source-element">source</a></code></dd>
322:
1.91 mike 323: <dt>Raw text elements</dt>
1.1 mike 324:
325: <dd><code><a href="semantics.html#script">script</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-style-element">style</a></code></dd> <!-- iframe and
1.91 mike 326: noscript don't count as raw text for syntax purposes -->
1.1 mike 327:
328: <dt>RCDATA elements</dt>
329:
330: <dd><code><a href="forms.html#the-textarea-element">textarea</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-title-element">title</a></code></dd>
331:
332: <dt>Foreign elements</dt>
333:
334: <dd>Elements from the <a href="#mathml-namespace">MathML namespace</a>
335: and the <a href="#svg-namespace">SVG namespace</a>.</dd>
336:
337: <dt>Normal elements</dt>
338:
339: <dd>All other allowed <a href="infrastructure.html#html-elements">HTML elements</a> are normal
340: elements.</dd>
341:
342: </dl><p><dfn id="syntax-tags" title="syntax-tags">Tags</dfn> are used to delimit the start
1.91 mike 343: and end of elements in the markup. Raw text, RCDATA, and normal
1.1 mike 344: elements have a <a href="#syntax-start-tag" title="syntax-start-tag">start tag</a> to
345: indicate where they begin, and an <a href="#syntax-end-tag" title="syntax-end-tag">end
346: tag</a> to indicate where they end. The start and end tags of
347: certain normal elements can be <a href="#syntax-tag-omission" title="syntax-tag-omission">omitted</a>, as described
348: later. Those that cannot be omitted must not be omitted. <a href="#void-elements">Void
349: elements</a> only have a start tag; end tags must not be
350: specified for void elements. Foreign elements must either have a
351: start tag and an end tag, or a start tag that is marked as
1.97 mike 352: self-closing, in which case they must not have an end tag.</p>
353:
354: <p>The contents of the element must be placed between just after the
1.1 mike 355: start tag (which <a href="#syntax-tag-omission" title="syntax-tag-omission">might be implied,
356: in certain cases</a>) and just before the end tag (which again,
357: <a href="#syntax-tag-omission" title="syntax-tag-omission">might be implied in certain
358: cases</a>). The exact allowed contents of each individual element
359: depends on the content model of that element, as described earlier
360: in this specification. Elements must not contain content that their
361: content model disallows. In addition to the restrictions placed on
362: the contents by those content models, however, the five types of
1.97 mike 363: elements have additional <em>syntactic</em> requirements.</p>
364:
365: <p><a href="#void-elements">Void elements</a> can't have any contents (since there's
1.1 mike 366: no end tag, no content can be put between the start tag and the end
1.97 mike 367: tag).</p>
368:
369: <p>Raw text elements can have <a href="#syntax-text" title="syntax-text">text</a>,
1.1 mike 370: though it has <a href="#cdata-rcdata-restrictions">restrictions</a>
1.97 mike 371: described below.</p>
372:
373: <p>RCDATA elements can have <a href="#syntax-text" title="syntax-text">text</a>
1.1 mike 374: and <a href="#syntax-charref" title="syntax-charref">character references</a>, but
375: the text must not contain an <a href="#syntax-ambiguous-ampersand" title="syntax-ambiguous-ampersand">ambiguous ampersand</a>.
376: There are also <a href="#cdata-rcdata-restrictions">further
1.97 mike 377: restrictions</a> described below.</p>
378:
379: <p>Foreign elements whose start tag is marked as self-closing can't
1.1 mike 380: have any contents (since, again, as there's no end tag, no content
381: can be put between the start tag and the end tag). Foreign elements
382: whose start tag is <em>not</em> marked as self-closing can have
383: <a href="#syntax-text" title="syntax-text">text</a>, <a href="#syntax-charref" title="syntax-charref">character references</a>, <a href="#syntax-cdata" title="syntax-cdata">CDATA sections</a>, other <a href="#syntax-elements" title="syntax-elements">elements</a>, and <a href="#syntax-comments" title="syntax-comments">comments</a>, but the text must not
384: contain the character U+003C LESS-THAN SIGN (<code><</code>) or
385: an <a href="#syntax-ambiguous-ampersand" title="syntax-ambiguous-ampersand">ambiguous
1.97 mike 386: ampersand</a>.</p>
387:
388: <p>Normal elements can have <a href="#syntax-text" title="syntax-text">text</a>,
1.1 mike 389: <a href="#syntax-charref" title="syntax-charref">character references</a>, other
390: <a href="#syntax-elements" title="syntax-elements">elements</a>, and <a href="#syntax-comments" title="syntax-comments">comments</a>, but the text must not
391: contain the character U+003C LESS-THAN SIGN (<code><</code>) or
392: an <a href="#syntax-ambiguous-ampersand" title="syntax-ambiguous-ampersand">ambiguous
393: ampersand</a>. Some normal elements also have <a href="#element-restrictions">yet more restrictions</a> on what
394: content they are allowed to hold, beyond the restrictions imposed by
395: the content model and those described in this paragraph. Those
1.97 mike 396: restrictions are described below.</p>
397:
398: <p>Tags contain a <dfn id="syntax-tag-name" title="syntax-tag-name">tag name</dfn>,
1.1 mike 399: giving the element's name. HTML elements all have names that only
400: use characters in the range U+0030 DIGIT ZERO .. U+0039 DIGIT NINE,
401: U+0061 LATIN SMALL LETTER A .. U+007A LATIN SMALL LETTER Z, U+0041
402: LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A .. U+005A LATIN CAPITAL LETTER Z, and U+002D
403: HYPHEN-MINUS (<code>-</code>). In the HTML syntax, tag names may be
404: written with any mix of lower- and uppercase letters that, when
405: converted to all-lowercase, matches the element's tag name; tag
1.97 mike 406: names are case-insensitive.</p>
407:
408:
409: <h5 id="start-tags"><span class="secno">9.1.2.1 </span>Start tags</h5>
410:
411: <p><dfn id="syntax-start-tag" title="syntax-start-tag">Start tags</dfn> must have the
412: following format:</p>
413:
414: <ol><li>The first character of a start tag must be a U+003C LESS-THAN
1.1 mike 415: SIGN (<code><</code>).</li>
416:
417: <li>The next few characters of a start tag must be the element's
418: <a href="#syntax-tag-name" title="syntax-tag-name">tag name</a>.</li>
419:
420: <li>If there are to be any attributes in the next step, there must
421: first be one or more <a href="infrastructure.html#space-character" title="space character">space
422: characters</a>.</li>
423:
424: <li>Then, the start tag may have a number of attributes, the <a href="#syntax-attributes" title="syntax-attributes">syntax for which</a> is described
425: below. Attributes may be separated from each other by one or more
426: <a href="infrastructure.html#space-character" title="space character">space characters</a>.</li>
427:
428: <li>After the attributes, there may be one or more <a href="infrastructure.html#space-character" title="space character">space characters</a>. (Some attributes
429: are required to be followed by a space. See the <a href="#syntax-attributes" title="syntax-attributes">attributes section</a> below.)</li>
430:
431: <li>Then, if the element is one of the <a href="#void-elements">void elements</a>,
432: or if the element is a foreign element, then there may be a single
433: U+002F SOLIDUS (<code>/</code>) character. This character has no
434: effect on void elements, but on foreign elements it marks the start
435: tag as self-closing.</li>
436:
437: <li>Finally, start tags must be closed by a U+003E GREATER-THAN
438: SIGN (<code>></code>) character.</li>
439:
1.97 mike 440: </ol><h5 id="end-tags"><span class="secno">9.1.2.2 </span>End tags</h5>
441:
442: <p><dfn id="syntax-end-tag" title="syntax-end-tag">End tags</dfn> must have the
443: following format:</p>
444:
445: <ol><li>The first character of an end tag must be a U+003C LESS-THAN
1.1 mike 446: SIGN (<code><</code>).</li>
447:
448: <li>The second character of an end tag must be a U+002F SOLIDUS
449: (<code>/</code>).</li>
450:
451: <li>The next few characters of an end tag must be the element's
452: <a href="#syntax-tag-name" title="syntax-tag-name">tag name</a>.</li>
453:
454: <li>After the tag name, there may be one or more <a href="infrastructure.html#space-character" title="space
455: character">space characters</a>.</li>
456:
457: <li>Finally, end tags must be closed by a U+003E GREATER-THAN
458: SIGN (<code>></code>) character.</li>
459:
1.97 mike 460: </ol><h5 id="attributes"><span class="secno">9.1.2.3 </span>Attributes</h5>
461:
462: <p><dfn id="syntax-attributes" title="syntax-attributes">Attributes</dfn> for an element
463: are expressed inside the element's start tag.</p>
464:
465: <p>Attributes have a name and a value. <dfn id="syntax-attribute-name" title="syntax-attribute-name">Attribute names</dfn> must consist of
1.1 mike 466: one or more characters other than the <a href="infrastructure.html#space-character" title="space
467: character">space characters</a>, U+0000 NULL, U+0022 QUOTATION
468: MARK ("), U+0027 APOSTROPHE ('), U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN
469: (>), U+002F SOLIDUS (/), and U+003D EQUALS SIGN (=) characters,
470: the control characters, and any characters that are not defined by
471: Unicode. In the HTML syntax, attribute names may be written with any
472: mix of lower- and uppercase letters that are an <a href="infrastructure.html#ascii-case-insensitive">ASCII
1.97 mike 473: case-insensitive</a> match for the attribute's name.</p>
474:
475: <p><dfn id="syntax-attribute-value" title="syntax-attribute-value">Attribute values</dfn> are a
1.1 mike 476: mixture of <a href="#syntax-text" title="syntax-text">text</a> and <a href="#syntax-charref" title="syntax-charref">character references</a>, except with the
1.97 mike 477: additional restriction that the text cannot contain an <a href="#syntax-ambiguous-ampersand" title="syntax-ambiguous-ampersand">ambiguous ampersand</a>.</p>
478:
479: <p>Attributes can be specified in four different ways:</p>
480:
481: <dl><dt>Empty attribute syntax</dt>
1.1 mike 482:
483: <dd>
484:
485: <p>Just the <a href="#syntax-attribute-name" title="syntax-attribute-name">attribute
486: name</a>.</p>
487:
488: <div class="example">
489:
490: <p>In the following example, the <code title="attr-fe-disabled"><a href="forms.html#attr-fe-disabled">disabled</a></code> attribute is given with
491: the empty attribute syntax:</p>
492:
493: <pre><input <em>disabled</em>></pre>
494:
495: </div>
496:
497: <p>If an attribute using the empty attribute syntax is to be
498: followed by another attribute, then there must be a <a href="infrastructure.html#space-character">space
499: character</a> separating the two.</p>
500:
501: </dd>
502:
1.2 mike 503: <dt id="unquoted">Unquoted attribute value syntax</dt>
1.1 mike 504:
505: <dd>
506:
507: <p>The <a href="#syntax-attribute-name" title="syntax-attribute-name">attribute name</a>,
508: followed by zero or more <a href="infrastructure.html#space-character" title="space character">space
509: characters</a>, followed by a single U+003D EQUALS SIGN
510: character, followed by zero or more <a href="infrastructure.html#space-character" title="space
511: character">space characters</a>, followed by the <a href="#syntax-attribute-value" title="syntax-attribute-value">attribute value</a>, which, in
512: addition to the requirements given above for attribute values,
513: must not contain any literal <a href="infrastructure.html#space-character" title="space character">space
514: characters</a>, any U+0022 QUOTATION MARK (<code>"</code>)
515: characters, U+0027 APOSTROPHE (<code>'</code>) characters,
516: U+003D EQUALS SIGN (<code>=</code>) characters, U+003C LESS-THAN
517: SIGN (<code><</code>) characters, or U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN
518: (<code>></code>) characters, and must not be the empty
519: string.</p>
520:
521: <div class="example">
522:
523: <p>In the following example, the <code title="attr-input-value"><a href="forms.html#attr-input-value">value</a></code> attribute is given
524: with the unquoted attribute value syntax:</p>
525:
526: <pre><input <em>value=yes</em>></pre>
527:
528: </div>
529:
530: <p>If an attribute using the unquoted attribute syntax is to be
1.101 mike 531: followed by another attribute or by the optional U+002F SOLIDUS
532: (<code>/</code>) character allowed in step 6 of the <a href="#syntax-start-tag" title="syntax-start-tag">start tag</a> syntax above, then there
1.1 mike 533: must be a <a href="infrastructure.html#space-character">space character</a> separating the two.</p>
534:
535: </dd>
536:
537: <dt>Single-quoted attribute value syntax</dt>
538:
539: <dd>
540:
541: <p>The <a href="#syntax-attribute-name" title="syntax-attribute-name">attribute name</a>,
542: followed by zero or more <a href="infrastructure.html#space-character" title="space character">space
543: characters</a>, followed by a single U+003D EQUALS SIGN
544: character, followed by zero or more <a href="infrastructure.html#space-character" title="space
545: character">space characters</a>, followed by a single U+0027
546: APOSTROPHE (<code>'</code>) character, followed by the <a href="#syntax-attribute-value" title="syntax-attribute-value">attribute value</a>, which, in
547: addition to the requirements given above for attribute values,
548: must not contain any literal U+0027 APOSTROPHE (<code>'</code>)
549: characters, and finally followed by a second single U+0027
550: APOSTROPHE (<code>'</code>) character.</p>
551:
552: <div class="example">
553:
554: <p>In the following example, the <code title="attr-input-type"><a href="forms.html#attr-input-type">type</a></code> attribute is given with the
555: single-quoted attribute value syntax:</p>
556:
557: <pre><input <em>type='checkbox'</em>></pre>
558:
559: </div>
560:
561: <p>If an attribute using the single-quoted attribute syntax is to
562: be followed by another attribute, then there must be a <a href="infrastructure.html#space-character">space
563: character</a> separating the two.</p>
564:
565: </dd>
566:
567: <dt>Double-quoted attribute value syntax</dt>
568:
569: <dd>
570:
571: <p>The <a href="#syntax-attribute-name" title="syntax-attribute-name">attribute name</a>,
572: followed by zero or more <a href="infrastructure.html#space-character" title="space character">space
573: characters</a>, followed by a single U+003D EQUALS SIGN
574: character, followed by zero or more <a href="infrastructure.html#space-character" title="space
575: character">space characters</a>, followed by a single U+0022
576: QUOTATION MARK (<code>"</code>) character, followed by the <a href="#syntax-attribute-value" title="syntax-attribute-value">attribute value</a>, which, in
577: addition to the requirements given above for attribute values,
578: must not contain any literal U+0022 QUOTATION MARK
579: (<code>"</code>) characters, and finally followed by a second
580: single U+0022 QUOTATION MARK (<code>"</code>) character.</p>
581:
582: <div class="example">
583:
584: <p>In the following example, the <code title="attr-fe-name"><a href="forms.html#attr-fe-name">name</a></code> attribute is given with the
585: double-quoted attribute value syntax:</p>
586:
587: <pre><input <em>name="be evil"</em>></pre>
588:
589: </div>
590:
591: <p>If an attribute using the double-quoted attribute syntax is to
592: be followed by another attribute, then there must be a <a href="infrastructure.html#space-character">space
593: character</a> separating the two.</p>
594:
595: </dd>
596:
597: </dl><p>There must never be two or more attributes on the same start tag
598: whose names are an <a href="infrastructure.html#ascii-case-insensitive">ASCII case-insensitive</a> match for
1.97 mike 599: each other.</p>
600:
601:
602: <h5 id="optional-tags"><span class="secno">9.1.2.4 </span>Optional tags</h5>
603:
604: <p>Certain tags can be <dfn id="syntax-tag-omission" title="syntax-tag-omission">omitted</dfn>.</p>
605:
606: <p class="note">Omitting an element's <a href="#syntax-start-tag" title="syntax-start-tag">start tag</a> does not mean the element
1.1 mike 607: is not present; it is implied, but it is still there. An HTML
608: document always has a root <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element">html</a></code> element, even if the
609: string <code title=""><html></code> doesn't appear anywhere in
1.97 mike 610: the markup.</p>
611:
612: <!-- <html> -->
613: <p>An <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element">html</a></code> element's <a href="#syntax-start-tag" title="syntax-start-tag">start tag</a> may be omitted if the
614: first thing inside the <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element">html</a></code> element is not a <a href="#syntax-comments" title="syntax-comments">comment</a>.</p>
615:
616: <!-- </html> -->
617: <p>An <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element">html</a></code> element's <a href="#syntax-end-tag" title="syntax-end-tag">end
1.1 mike 618: tag</a> may be omitted if the <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element">html</a></code> element is not
1.97 mike 619: immediately followed by a <a href="#syntax-comments" title="syntax-comments">comment</a>.</p>
620:
621: <!-- <head> -->
622: <p>A <code><a href="semantics.html#the-head-element">head</a></code> element's <a href="#syntax-start-tag" title="syntax-start-tag">start tag</a> may be omitted <!--if the
1.1 mike 623: element is empty, or--> if the first thing inside the
1.97 mike 624: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-head-element">head</a></code> element is an element.</p>
625:
626: <!-- </head> -->
627: <p>A <code><a href="semantics.html#the-head-element">head</a></code> element's <a href="#syntax-end-tag" title="syntax-end-tag">end
1.1 mike 628: tag</a> may be omitted if the <code><a href="semantics.html#the-head-element">head</a></code> element is not
1.97 mike 629: immediately followed by a <a href="infrastructure.html#space-character">space character</a> or a <a href="#syntax-comments" title="syntax-comments">comment</a>.</p>
630:
631: <!-- <body> -->
632: <p>A <code><a href="semantics.html#the-body-element">body</a></code> element's <a href="#syntax-start-tag" title="syntax-start-tag">start tag</a> may be omitted if the
1.1 mike 633: element is empty, or if the first thing inside the <code><a href="semantics.html#the-body-element">body</a></code>
634: element is not a <a href="infrastructure.html#space-character">space character</a> or a <a href="#syntax-comments" title="syntax-comments">comment</a>, except if the first thing
635: inside the <code><a href="semantics.html#the-body-element">body</a></code> element is a <code><a href="semantics.html#script">script</a></code> or
636: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-style-element">style</a></code> element. <!-- Note that even if the </head> end
637: tag is present, the parser makes <style> and <script> elements
638: between </head> and <body> end up in the <head> instead of implying
1.97 mike 639: the <body> --></p>
640:
641: <!-- </body> -->
642: <p>A <code><a href="semantics.html#the-body-element">body</a></code> element's <a href="#syntax-end-tag" title="syntax-end-tag">end
1.1 mike 643: tag</a> may be omitted if the <code><a href="semantics.html#the-body-element">body</a></code> element is not
1.97 mike 644: immediately followed by a <a href="#syntax-comments" title="syntax-comments">comment</a>.</p>
645:
646: <!-- </li> -->
647: <p>A <code><a href="semantics.html#the-li-element">li</a></code> element's <a href="#syntax-end-tag" title="syntax-end-tag">end
1.1 mike 648: tag</a> may be omitted if the <code><a href="semantics.html#the-li-element">li</a></code> element is
649: immediately followed by another <code><a href="semantics.html#the-li-element">li</a></code> element or if there
1.97 mike 650: is no more content in the parent element.</p>
651:
652: <!-- </dt> -->
653: <p>A <code><a href="semantics.html#the-dt-element">dt</a></code> element's <a href="#syntax-end-tag" title="syntax-end-tag">end
1.1 mike 654: tag</a> may be omitted if the <code><a href="semantics.html#the-dt-element">dt</a></code> element is
655: immediately followed by another <code><a href="semantics.html#the-dt-element">dt</a></code> element or a
1.97 mike 656: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-dd-element">dd</a></code> element.</p>
657:
658: <!-- </dd> -->
659: <p>A <code><a href="semantics.html#the-dd-element">dd</a></code> element's <a href="#syntax-end-tag" title="syntax-end-tag">end
1.1 mike 660: tag</a> may be omitted if the <code><a href="semantics.html#the-dd-element">dd</a></code> element is
661: immediately followed by another <code><a href="semantics.html#the-dd-element">dd</a></code> element or a
662: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-dt-element">dt</a></code> element, or if there is no more content in the
1.97 mike 663: parent element.</p>
664:
665: <!-- </p> -->
666: <p>A <code><a href="semantics.html#the-p-element">p</a></code> element's <a href="#syntax-end-tag" title="syntax-end-tag">end
1.1 mike 667: tag</a> may be omitted if the <code><a href="semantics.html#the-p-element">p</a></code> element is
668: immediately followed by an <code><a href="semantics.html#the-address-element">address</a></code>,
669: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-article-element">article</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-aside-element">aside</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-blockquote-element">blockquote</a></code>,
1.86 mike 670: <!--v2DATAGRID <code>datagrid</code>,--> <code><a href="semantics.html#the-dialog-element">dialog</a></code>,
671: <code><a href="obsolete.html#dir">dir</a></code>, <code><a href="interactive-elements.html#the-div-element">div</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-dl-element">dl</a></code>,
672: <code><a href="forms.html#the-fieldset-element">fieldset</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-footer-element">footer</a></code>, <code><a href="forms.html#the-form-element">form</a></code>,
673: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-h1-h2-h3-h4-h5-and-h6-elements">h1</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-h1-h2-h3-h4-h5-and-h6-elements">h2</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-h1-h2-h3-h4-h5-and-h6-elements">h3</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-h1-h2-h3-h4-h5-and-h6-elements">h4</a></code>,
674: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-h1-h2-h3-h4-h5-and-h6-elements">h5</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-h1-h2-h3-h4-h5-and-h6-elements">h6</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-header-element">header</a></code>,
675: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-hgroup-element">hgroup</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-hr-element">hr</a></code>, <code><a href="interactive-elements.html#menus">menu</a></code>,
676: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-nav-element">nav</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-ol-element">ol</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-p-element">p</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-pre-element">pre</a></code>,
1.1 mike 677: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-section-element">section</a></code>, <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-table-element">table</a></code>, or <code><a href="semantics.html#the-ul-element">ul</a></code>,
678: element, or if there is no more content in the parent element and
1.97 mike 679: the parent element is not an <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-a-element">a</a></code> element.</p>
680:
681: <!-- </rt> -->
682: <p>An <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-rt-element">rt</a></code> element's <a href="#syntax-end-tag" title="syntax-end-tag">end
1.1 mike 683: tag</a> may be omitted if the <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-rt-element">rt</a></code> element is
684: immediately followed by an <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-rt-element">rt</a></code> or <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-rp-element">rp</a></code>
1.97 mike 685: element, or if there is no more content in the parent element.</p>
686:
687: <!-- </rp> -->
688: <p>An <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-rp-element">rp</a></code> element's <a href="#syntax-end-tag" title="syntax-end-tag">end
1.1 mike 689: tag</a> may be omitted if the <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-rp-element">rp</a></code> element is
690: immediately followed by an <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-rt-element">rt</a></code> or <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-rp-element">rp</a></code>
1.97 mike 691: element, or if there is no more content in the parent element.</p>
692:
693: <!-- </optgroup> (the text assumes <optgroup> can only be inside a
1.1 mike 694: <select>; commented out text below can handle the non-<select> case
1.97 mike 695: if we ever allow it) -->
696: <p>An <code><a href="forms.html#the-optgroup-element">optgroup</a></code> element's <a href="#syntax-end-tag" title="syntax-end-tag">end tag</a> may be omitted if the
1.1 mike 697: <code><a href="forms.html#the-optgroup-element">optgroup</a></code> element <!--has an ancestor
698: <code>select</code> element and--> is immediately followed by
699: another <code><a href="forms.html#the-optgroup-element">optgroup</a></code> element, or if <!--all of the elements
700: that are ancestors of the <code>optgroup</code> element, up to and
701: including the first ancestor element that is not an
702: <code>optgroup</code> element, have no more content--> there is no
1.97 mike 703: more content in the parent element.</p>
704: <!-- so e.g. the max number of </optgroup>s are omitted here:
1.1 mike 705: <select><optgroup></select>
706: <p id=x><optgroup></optgroup>x</p>
707: <p id=x><optgroup><optgroup></optgroup></optgroup>x</p>
708: <p><optgroup id=x><optgroup></optgroup>x</p>
709: <p><optgroup><optgroup id=x>x</p>
1.97 mike 710: -->
711:
712: <!-- </option> -->
713: <p>An <code><a href="forms.html#the-option-element">option</a></code> element's <a href="#syntax-end-tag" title="syntax-end-tag">end
1.1 mike 714: tag</a> may be omitted if the <code><a href="forms.html#the-option-element">option</a></code> element is
715: immediately followed by another <code><a href="forms.html#the-option-element">option</a></code> element, or if
716: it is immediately followed by an <code><a href="forms.html#the-optgroup-element">optgroup</a></code> element, or
1.97 mike 717: if there is no more content in the parent element.</p>
718:
719: <!-- <colgroup> -->
720: <p>A <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-colgroup-element">colgroup</a></code> element's <a href="#syntax-start-tag" title="syntax-start-tag">start tag</a> may be omitted if the
1.1 mike 721: first thing inside the <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-colgroup-element">colgroup</a></code> element is a
722: <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-col-element">col</a></code> element, and if the element is not immediately
723: preceded by another <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-colgroup-element">colgroup</a></code> element whose <a href="#syntax-end-tag" title="syntax-end-tag">end tag</a> has been omitted. (It can't be
1.97 mike 724: omitted if the element is empty.)</p>
725:
726: <!-- </colgroup> -->
727: <p>A <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-colgroup-element">colgroup</a></code> element's <a href="#syntax-end-tag" title="syntax-end-tag">end tag</a> may be omitted if the
1.1 mike 728: <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-colgroup-element">colgroup</a></code> element is not immediately followed by a
1.97 mike 729: <a href="infrastructure.html#space-character">space character</a> or a <a href="#syntax-comments" title="syntax-comments">comment</a>.</p>
730:
731: <!-- </thead> -->
732: <p>A <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-thead-element">thead</a></code> element's <a href="#syntax-end-tag" title="syntax-end-tag">end
1.1 mike 733: tag</a> may be omitted if the <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-thead-element">thead</a></code> element is
734: immediately followed by a <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tbody-element">tbody</a></code> or <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tfoot-element">tfoot</a></code>
1.97 mike 735: element.</p>
736:
737: <!-- <tbody> -->
738: <p>A <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tbody-element">tbody</a></code> element's <a href="#syntax-start-tag" title="syntax-start-tag">start tag</a> may be omitted if the
1.1 mike 739: first thing inside the <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tbody-element">tbody</a></code> element is a
740: <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tr-element">tr</a></code> element, and if the element is not immediately
741: preceded by a <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tbody-element">tbody</a></code>, <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-thead-element">thead</a></code>, or
742: <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tfoot-element">tfoot</a></code> element whose <a href="#syntax-end-tag" title="syntax-end-tag">end
743: tag</a> has been omitted. (It can't be omitted if the element is
1.97 mike 744: empty.)</p>
745:
746: <!-- </tbody> -->
747: <p>A <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tbody-element">tbody</a></code> element's <a href="#syntax-end-tag" title="syntax-end-tag">end
1.1 mike 748: tag</a> may be omitted if the <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tbody-element">tbody</a></code> element is
749: immediately followed by a <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tbody-element">tbody</a></code> or <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tfoot-element">tfoot</a></code>
1.97 mike 750: element, or if there is no more content in the parent element.</p>
751:
752: <!-- </tfoot> -->
753: <p>A <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tfoot-element">tfoot</a></code> element's <a href="#syntax-end-tag" title="syntax-end-tag">end
1.1 mike 754: tag</a> may be omitted if the <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tfoot-element">tfoot</a></code> element is
755: immediately followed by a <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tbody-element">tbody</a></code> element, or if there is
1.97 mike 756: no more content in the parent element.</p>
757:
758: <!-- </tr> -->
759: <p>A <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tr-element">tr</a></code> element's <a href="#syntax-end-tag" title="syntax-end-tag">end
1.1 mike 760: tag</a> may be omitted if the <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tr-element">tr</a></code> element is
761: immediately followed by another <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tr-element">tr</a></code> element, or if there
1.97 mike 762: is no more content in the parent element.</p>
763:
764: <!-- </td> -->
765: <p>A <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-td-element">td</a></code> element's <a href="#syntax-end-tag" title="syntax-end-tag">end
1.1 mike 766: tag</a> may be omitted if the <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-td-element">td</a></code> element is
767: immediately followed by a <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-td-element">td</a></code> or <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-th-element">th</a></code>
1.97 mike 768: element, or if there is no more content in the parent element.</p>
769:
770: <!-- </th> -->
771: <p>A <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-th-element">th</a></code> element's <a href="#syntax-end-tag" title="syntax-end-tag">end
1.1 mike 772: tag</a> may be omitted if the <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-th-element">th</a></code> element is
773: immediately followed by a <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-td-element">td</a></code> or <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-th-element">th</a></code>
1.97 mike 774: element, or if there is no more content in the parent element.</p>
775:
776: <p><strong>However</strong>, a <a href="#syntax-start-tag" title="syntax-start-tag">start
777: tag</a> must never be omitted if it has any attributes.</p>
778:
779:
780: <h5 id="element-restrictions"><span class="secno">9.1.2.5 </span>Restrictions on content models</h5>
781:
782: <p>For historical reasons, certain elements have extra restrictions
783: beyond even the restrictions given by their content model.</p>
784:
785: <p>A <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-table-element">table</a></code> element must not contain <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tr-element">tr</a></code>
1.1 mike 786: elements, even though these elements are technically allowed inside
787: <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-table-element">table</a></code> elements according to the content models
788: described in this specification. (If a <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tr-element">tr</a></code> element is
789: put inside a <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-table-element">table</a></code> in the markup, it will in fact imply
1.97 mike 790: a <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tbody-element">tbody</a></code> start tag before it.)</p>
791:
792: <p>A single U+000A LINE FEED (LF) character may be placed
1.1 mike 793: immediately after the <a href="#syntax-start-tag" title="syntax-start-tag">start
794: tag</a> of <code><a href="semantics.html#the-pre-element">pre</a></code> and <code><a href="forms.html#the-textarea-element">textarea</a></code>
795: elements. This does not affect the processing of the element. The
796: otherwise optional U+000A LINE FEED (LF) character <em>must</em> be
797: included if the element's contents start with that character
798: (because otherwise the leading newline in the contents would be
1.97 mike 799: treated like the optional newline, and ignored).</p>
800:
801: <div class="example">
1.1 mike 802: <p>The following two <code><a href="semantics.html#the-pre-element">pre</a></code> blocks are equivalent:</p>
803: <pre><pre>Hello</pre></pre>
804: <pre><pre><br>Hello</pre></pre>
1.97 mike 805: </div>
806:
807:
808: <h5 id="cdata-rcdata-restrictions"><span class="secno">9.1.2.6 </span>Restrictions on the contents of raw text and RCDATA elements</h5>
809:
810: <p>The text in raw text and RCDATA elements must not contain any
1.1 mike 811: occurrences of the string "<code title=""></</code>" (U+003C
812: LESS-THAN SIGN, U+002F SOLIDUS) followed by characters that
813: case-insensitively match the tag name of the element followed by one
814: of U+0009 CHARACTER TABULATION, U+000A LINE FEED (LF), U+000C FORM
815: FEED (FF), U+0020 SPACE, U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN (>), or U+002F
1.97 mike 816: SOLIDUS (/), unless that string is part of an <a href="#syntax-escape" title="syntax-escape">escaping text span</a>.</p>
817:
818: <p>An <dfn id="syntax-escape" title="syntax-escape">escaping text span</dfn> is a span
1.1 mike 819: of <a href="#syntax-text" title="syntax-text">text</a> that starts with an <a href="#syntax-escape-start" title="syntax-escape-start">escaping text span start</a> that is
820: not itself in an <a href="#syntax-escape" title="syntax-escape">escaping text
821: span</a>, and ends at the next <a href="#syntax-escape-end" title="syntax-escape-end">escaping text span end</a>. There
822: cannot be any <a href="#syntax-charref" title="syntax-charref">character
823: references</a> inside an <a href="#syntax-escape" title="syntax-escape">escaping
824: text span</a> — sequences of characters that would look
825: like <a href="#syntax-charref" title="syntax-charref">character references</a> do not
1.97 mike 826: have special meaning.</p>
827:
828: <p>An <dfn id="syntax-escape-start" title="syntax-escape-start">escaping text span
1.1 mike 829: start</dfn> is a part of <a href="#syntax-text" title="syntax-text">text</a> that
830: consists of the four character sequence "<code title=""><!--</code>" (U+003C LESS-THAN SIGN, U+0021 EXCLAMATION
1.97 mike 831: MARK, U+002D HYPHEN-MINUS, U+002D HYPHEN-MINUS).</p>
832:
833: <p>An <dfn id="syntax-escape-end" title="syntax-escape-end">escaping text span end</dfn> is
1.1 mike 834: a part of <a href="#syntax-text" title="syntax-text">text</a> that consists of the
835: three character sequence "<code title="">--></code>" (U+002D
836: HYPHEN-MINUS, U+002D HYPHEN-MINUS, U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN) whose
1.97 mike 837: U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN (>).</p>
838:
839: <p>An <a href="#syntax-escape-start" title="syntax-escape-start">escaping text span
1.1 mike 840: start</a> may share its U+002D HYPHEN-MINUS characters with its
841: corresponding <a href="#syntax-escape-end" title="syntax-escape-end">escaping text span
1.97 mike 842: end</a>.</p>
843:
844: <p>The text in raw text elements and RCDATA elements must not have
1.91 mike 845: an <a href="#syntax-escape-start" title="syntax-escape-start">escaping text span start</a>
846: that is not followed by an <a href="#syntax-escape-end" title="syntax-escape-end">escaping
1.97 mike 847: text span end</a>.</p>
848:
849:
850: <h4 id="text-0"><span class="secno">9.1.3 </span>Text</h4>
851:
852: <p><dfn id="syntax-text" title="syntax-text">Text</dfn> is allowed inside elements,
1.1 mike 853: attributes, and comments. Text must consist of Unicode characters.
854: Text must not contain U+0000 characters. Text must not contain
855: permanently undefined Unicode characters. Text must not contain
856: control characters other than <a href="infrastructure.html#space-character" title="space character">space
857: characters</a>. Extra constraints are placed on what is and what
858: is not allowed in text based on where the text is to be put, as
1.97 mike 859: described in the other sections.</p>
860:
861:
862: <h5 id="newlines"><span class="secno">9.1.3.1 </span>Newlines</h5>
863:
864: <p><dfn id="syntax-newlines" title="syntax-newlines">Newlines</dfn> in HTML may be
1.1 mike 865: represented either as U+000D CARRIAGE RETURN (CR) characters, U+000A
866: LINE FEED (LF) characters, or pairs of U+000D CARRIAGE RETURN (CR),
1.97 mike 867: U+000A LINE FEED (LF) characters in that order.</p>
868:
869:
870: <h4 id="character-references"><span class="secno">9.1.4 </span>Character references</h4>
871:
872: <p>In certain cases described in other sections, <a href="#syntax-text" title="syntax-text">text</a> may be mixed with <dfn id="syntax-charref" title="syntax-charref">character references</dfn>. These can be used
1.1 mike 873: to escape characters that couldn't otherwise legally be included in
1.97 mike 874: <a href="#syntax-text" title="syntax-text">text</a>.</p>
875:
876: <p>Character references must start with a U+0026 AMPERSAND
1.1 mike 877: (<code>&</code>). Following this, there are three possible kinds
1.97 mike 878: of character references:</p>
879:
880: <dl><dt>Named character references</dt>
1.1 mike 881:
882: <dd>The ampersand must be followed by one of the names given in the
883: <a href="named-character-references.html#named-character-references">named character references</a> section, using the same
884: case. The name must be one that is terminated by a U+003B SEMICOLON
885: (<code title="">;</code>) character.</dd>
886:
887:
888: <dt>Decimal numeric character reference</dt>
889:
890: <dd>The ampersand must be followed by a U+0023 NUMBER SIGN
891: (<code>#</code>) character, followed by one or more digits in the
892: range U+0030 DIGIT ZERO .. U+0039 DIGIT NINE, representing a
893: base-ten integer that itself is a Unicode code point that is
894: not U+0000, U+000D, in the range U+0080 .. U+009F, or in the range
895: 0xD800 .. 0xDFFF (surrogates). The digits must then be followed by
896: a U+003B SEMICOLON character (<code title="">;</code>).</dd>
897:
898:
899: <dt>Hexadecimal numeric character reference</dt>
900:
901: <dd>The ampersand must be followed by a U+0023 NUMBER SIGN
902: (<code>#</code>) character, which must be followed by either a
903: U+0078 LATIN SMALL LETTER X or a U+0058 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER X
904: character, which must then be followed by one or more digits in the
905: range U+0030 DIGIT ZERO .. U+0039 DIGIT NINE, U+0061 LATIN SMALL
906: LETTER A .. U+0066 LATIN SMALL LETTER F, and U+0041 LATIN CAPITAL
907: LETTER A .. U+0046 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER F, representing a
908: base-sixteen integer that itself is a Unicode code point that is
909: not U+0000, U+000D, in the range U+0080 .. U+009F, or in the range
910: 0xD800 .. 0xDFFF (surrogates). The digits must then be followed by
911: a U+003B SEMICOLON character (<code title="">;</code>).</dd>
912:
913: </dl><p>An <dfn id="syntax-ambiguous-ampersand" title="syntax-ambiguous-ampersand">ambiguous
914: ampersand</dfn> is a U+0026 AMPERSAND (<code>&</code>) character
915: that is followed by some <a href="#syntax-text" title="syntax-text">text</a> other
916: than a <a href="infrastructure.html#space-character">space character</a>, a U+003C LESS-THAN SIGN
917: character ('<'), or another U+0026 AMPERSAND (<code>&</code>)
1.97 mike 918: character.</p>
919:
920:
921: <h4 id="cdata-sections"><span class="secno">9.1.5 </span>CDATA sections</h4>
922:
923: <p><dfn id="syntax-cdata" title="syntax-cdata">CDATA sections</dfn> must start with
1.1 mike 924: the character sequence U+003C LESS-THAN SIGN, U+0021 EXCLAMATION
925: MARK, U+005B LEFT SQUARE BRACKET, U+0043 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER C,
926: U+0044 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER D, U+0041 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A, U+0054
927: LATIN CAPITAL LETTER T, U+0041 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A, U+005B LEFT
928: SQUARE BRACKET (<code title=""><![CDATA[</code>). Following this
929: sequence, the CDATA section may have <a href="#syntax-text" title="syntax-text">text</a>, with the additional restriction
930: that the text must not contain the three character sequence U+005D
931: RIGHT SQUARE BRACKET, U+005D RIGHT SQUARE BRACKET, U+003E
932: GREATER-THAN SIGN (<code title="">]]></code>). Finally, the CDATA
933: section must be ended by the three character sequence U+005D RIGHT
934: SQUARE BRACKET, U+005D RIGHT SQUARE BRACKET, U+003E GREATER-THAN
1.97 mike 935: SIGN (<code title="">]]></code>).</p>
936:
937:
938: <h4 id="comments"><span class="secno">9.1.6 </span>Comments</h4>
939:
940: <p><dfn id="syntax-comments" title="syntax-comments">Comments</dfn> must start with the
1.1 mike 941: four character sequence U+003C LESS-THAN SIGN, U+0021 EXCLAMATION
942: MARK, U+002D HYPHEN-MINUS, U+002D HYPHEN-MINUS (<code title=""><!--</code>). Following this sequence, the comment may
943: have <a href="#syntax-text" title="syntax-text">text</a>, with the additional
944: restriction that the text must not start with a single U+003E
945: GREATER-THAN SIGN ('>') character, nor start with a U+002D
946: HYPHEN-MINUS (<code title="">-</code>) character followed by a
947: U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN ('>') character, nor contain two
948: consecutive U+002D HYPHEN-MINUS (<code title="">-</code>)
949: characters, nor end with a U+002D HYPHEN-MINUS (<code title="">-</code>) character. Finally, the comment must be ended by
950: the three character sequence U+002D HYPHEN-MINUS, U+002D
1.97 mike 951: HYPHEN-MINUS, U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN (<code title="">--></code>).</p>
952:
953:
954: <div class="impl">
1.1 mike 955:
956: <h3 id="parsing"><span class="secno">9.2 </span>Parsing HTML documents</h3>
957:
958: <p><i>This section only applies to user agents, data mining tools,
959: and conformance checkers.</i></p>
960:
961: <p class="note">The rules for parsing XML documents into DOM trees
962: are covered by the next section, entitled "<a href="the-xhtml-syntax.html#the-xhtml-syntax">The XHTML
963: syntax</a>".</p>
964:
965: <p>For <a href="dom.html#html-documents">HTML documents</a>, user agents must use the parsing
966: rules described in this section to generate the DOM trees. Together,
967: these rules define what is referred to as the <dfn id="html-parser">HTML
968: parser</dfn>.</p>
969:
970: <div class="note">
971:
972: <p>While the HTML syntax described in this specification bears a
973: close resemblance to SGML and XML, it is a separate language with
974: its own parsing rules.</p>
975:
976: <p>Some earlier versions of HTML (in particular from HTML 2 to
977: HTML 4) were based on SGML and used SGML parsing rules. However, few
978: (if any) web browsers ever implemented true SGML parsing for HTML
979: documents; the only user agents to strictly handle HTML as an SGML
980: application have historically been validators. The resulting
981: confusion — with validators claiming documents to have one
982: representation while widely deployed Web browsers interoperably
983: implemented a different representation — has wasted decades
984: of productivity. This version of HTML thus returns to a non-SGML
985: basis.</p>
986:
987: <p>Authors interested in using SGML tools in their authoring
988: pipeline are encouraged to use XML tools and the XML serialization
989: of HTML.</p>
990:
991: </div>
992:
993: <p>This specification defines the parsing rules for HTML documents,
994: whether they are syntactically correct or not. Certain points in the
995: parsing algorithm are said to be <dfn id="parse-error" title="parse error">parse
996: errors</dfn>. The error handling for parse errors is well-defined:
997: user agents must either act as described below when encountering
998: such problems, or must abort processing at the first error that they
999: encounter for which they do not wish to apply the rules described
1000: below.</p>
1001:
1002: <p>Conformance checkers must report at least one parse error
1003: condition to the user if one or more parse error conditions exist in
1004: the document and must not report parse error conditions if none
1005: exist in the document. Conformance checkers may report more than one
1006: parse error condition if more than one parse error conditions exist
1007: in the document. Conformance checkers are not required to recover
1008: from parse errors.</p>
1009:
1010: <p class="note">Parse errors are only errors with the
1011: <em>syntax</em> of HTML. In addition to checking for parse errors,
1012: conformance checkers will also verify that the document obeys all
1013: the other conformance requirements described in this
1014: specification.</p>
1015:
1016: <p>For the purposes of conformance checkers, if a resource is
1017: determined to be in <a href="#syntax">the HTML syntax</a>, then it is an
1018: <a href="dom.html#html-documents" title="HTML documents">HTML document</a>.</p>
1019:
1020:
1021: <h4 id="overview-of-the-parsing-model"><span class="secno">9.2.1 </span>Overview of the parsing model</h4>
1022:
1023: <p>The input to the HTML parsing process consists of a stream of
1024: Unicode characters, which is passed through a
1025: <a href="#tokenization">tokenization</a> stage followed by a <a href="#tree-construction">tree
1026: construction</a> stage. The output is a <code>Document</code>
1027: object.</p>
1028:
1029: <p class="note">Implementations that <a href="infrastructure.html#non-scripted">do not
1030: support scripting</a> do not have to actually create a DOM
1031: <code>Document</code> object, but the DOM tree in such cases is
1032: still used as the model for the rest of the specification.</p>
1033:
1034: <p>In the common case, the data handled by the tokenization stage
1035: comes from the network, but <a href="dom.html#dynamic-markup-insertion" title="dynamic markup
1036: insertion">it can also come from script</a>, e.g. using the <code title="dom-document-write"><a href="dom.html#dom-document-write">document.write()</a></code> API.</p>
1037:
1038: <p><img alt="" src="images/parsing-model-overview.png"></p>
1039:
1040: <p id="nestedParsing">There is only one set of states for the
1041: tokenizer stage and the tree construction stage, but the tree
1042: construction stage is reentrant, meaning that while the tree
1043: construction stage is handling one token, the tokenizer might be
1044: resumed, causing further tokens to be emitted and processed before
1045: the first token's processing is complete.</p>
1046:
1047: <div class="example">
1048:
1049: <p>In the following example, the tree construction stage will be
1050: called upon to handle a "p" start tag token while handling the
1051: "script" start tag token:</p>
1052:
1053: <pre>...
1054: <script>
1055: document.write('<p>');
1056: </script>
1057: ...</pre>
1058:
1059: </div>
1060:
1061: <p>To handle these cases, parsers have a <dfn id="script-nesting-level">script nesting
1062: level</dfn>, which must be initially set to zero, and a <dfn id="parser-pause-flag">parser
1063: pause flag</dfn>, which must be initially set to false.</p>
1064:
1065:
1066:
1067: <h4 id="the-input-stream"><span class="secno">9.2.2 </span>The <dfn>input stream</dfn></h4>
1068:
1069: <p>The stream of Unicode characters that comprises the input to the
1070: tokenization stage will be initially seen by the user agent as a
1071: stream of bytes (typically coming over the network or from the local
1072: file system). The bytes encode the actual characters according to a
1073: particular <em>character encoding</em>, which the user agent must
1074: use to decode the bytes into characters.</p>
1075:
1076: <p class="note">For XML documents, the algorithm user agents must
1077: use to determine the character encoding is given by the XML
1.104 mike 1078: specification. This section does not apply to XML documents. <a href="references.html#refsXML">[XML]</a></p>
1.1 mike 1079:
1080:
1081: <h5 id="determining-the-character-encoding"><span class="secno">9.2.2.1 </span>Determining the character encoding</h5>
1082:
1083: <p>In some cases, it might be impractical to unambiguously determine
1084: the encoding before parsing the document. Because of this, this
1085: specification provides for a two-pass mechanism with an optional
1086: pre-scan. Implementations are allowed, as described below, to apply
1087: a simplified parsing algorithm to whatever bytes they have available
1088: before beginning to parse the document. Then, the real parser is
1089: started, using a tentative encoding derived from this pre-parse and
1090: other out-of-band metadata. If, while the document is being loaded,
1091: the user agent discovers an encoding declaration that conflicts with
1092: this information, then the parser can get reinvoked to perform a
1093: parse of the document with the real encoding.</p>
1094:
1095: <p id="documentEncoding">User agents must use the following
1096: algorithm (the <dfn id="encoding-sniffing-algorithm">encoding sniffing algorithm</dfn>) to determine
1097: the character encoding to use when decoding a document in the first
1098: pass. This algorithm takes as input any out-of-band metadata
1099: available to the user agent (e.g. the <a href="infrastructure.html#content-type" title="Content-Type">Content-Type metadata</a> of the document)
1100: and all the bytes available so far, and returns an encoding and a
1101: <dfn id="concept-encoding-confidence" title="concept-encoding-confidence">confidence</dfn>. The
1102: confidence is either <i>tentative</i>, <i>certain</i>, or
1103: <i>irrelevant</i>. The encoding used, and whether the confidence in
1104: that encoding is <i>tentative</i> or <i>certain</i>, is <a href="#meta-charset-during-parse">used during the parsing</a> to
1105: determine whether to <a href="#change-the-encoding">change the encoding</a>. If no
1106: encoding is necessary, e.g. because the parser is operating on a
1107: stream of Unicode characters and doesn't have to use an encoding at
1108: all, then the <a href="#concept-encoding-confidence" title="concept-encoding-confidence">confidence</a> is
1109: <i>irrelevant</i>.</p>
1110:
1111: <ol><li><p>If the transport layer specifies an encoding, and it is
1112: supported, return that encoding with the <a href="#concept-encoding-confidence" title="concept-encoding-confidence">confidence</a>
1113: <i>certain</i>, and abort these steps.</p></li>
1114:
1115: <li><p>The user agent may wait for more bytes of the resource to be
1116: available, either in this step or at any later step in this
1117: algorithm. For instance, a user agent might wait 500ms or 512
1118: bytes, whichever came first. In general preparsing the source to
1119: find the encoding improves performance, as it reduces the need to
1120: throw away the data structures used when parsing upon finding the
1121: encoding information. However, if the user agent delays too long to
1122: obtain data to determine the encoding, then the cost of the delay
1123: could outweigh any performance improvements from the
1124: preparse.</p></li>
1125:
1126: <li><p>For each of the rows in the following table, starting with
1127: the first one and going down, if there are as many or more bytes
1128: available than the number of bytes in the first column, and the
1129: first bytes of the file match the bytes given in the first column,
1130: then return the encoding given in the cell in the second column of
1131: that row, with the <a href="#concept-encoding-confidence" title="concept-encoding-confidence">confidence</a>
1132: <i>certain</i>, and abort these steps:</p>
1133:
1134: <!-- this table is present in several forms in this file; keep them in sync -->
1135: <table><thead><tr><th>Bytes in Hexadecimal
1136: </th><th>Encoding
1137: </th></tr></thead><tbody><!-- nobody uses this
1138: <tr>
1139: <td>00 00 FE FF
1140: <td>UTF-32BE
1141: <tr>
1142: <td>FF FE 00 00
1143: <td>UTF-32LE
1144: --><tr><td>FE FF
1145: </td><td>UTF-16BE
1146: </td></tr><tr><td>FF FE
1147: </td><td>UTF-16LE
1148: </td></tr><tr><td>EF BB BF
1149: </td><td>UTF-8
1150: <!-- nobody uses this
1151: <tr>
1152: <td>DD 73 66 73
1153: <td>UTF-EBCDIC
1154: -->
1155: </td></tr></tbody></table><p class="note">This step looks for Unicode Byte Order Marks
1156: (BOMs).</p></li>
1157:
1158: <li><p>Otherwise, the user agent will have to search for explicit
1159: character encoding information in the file itself. This should
1160: proceed as follows:
1161:
1162: </p><p>Let <var title="">position</var> be a pointer to a byte in the
1163: input stream, initially pointing at the first byte. If at any
1164: point during these substeps the user agent either runs out of
1165: bytes or decides that scanning further bytes would not be
1166: efficient, then skip to the next step of the overall character
1167: encoding detection algorithm. User agents may decide that scanning
1168: <em>any</em> bytes is not efficient, in which case these substeps
1169: are entirely skipped.</p>
1170:
1171: <p>Now, repeat the following "two" steps until the algorithm
1172: aborts (either because user agent aborts, as described above, or
1173: because a character encoding is found):</p>
1174:
1175: <ol><li><p>If <var title="">position</var> points to:</p>
1176:
1177: <dl class="switch"><dt>A sequence of bytes starting with: 0x3C 0x21 0x2D 0x2D (ASCII '<!--')</dt>
1178: <dd>
1179:
1180: <p>Advance the <var title="">position</var> pointer so that it
1181: points at the first 0x3E byte which is preceded by two 0x2D
1182: bytes (i.e. at the end of an ASCII '-->' sequence) and comes
1183: after the 0x3C byte that was found. (The two 0x2D bytes can be
1184: the same as the those in the '<!--' sequence.)</p>
1185:
1186: </dd>
1187:
1188: <dt>A sequence of bytes starting with: 0x3C, 0x4D or 0x6D, 0x45 or 0x65, 0x54 or 0x74, 0x41 or 0x61, and finally one of 0x09, 0x0A, 0x0C, 0x0D, 0x20, 0x2F (case-insensitive ASCII '<meta' followed by a space or slash)</dt>
1189: <dd>
1190:
1191: <ol><li><p>Advance the <var title="">position</var> pointer so
1192: that it points at the next 0x09, 0x0A, 0x0C, 0x0D, 0x20, or
1193: 0x2F byte (the one in sequence of characters matched
1194: above).</p></li>
1195:
1196: <li><p><a href="#concept-get-attributes-when-sniffing" title="concept-get-attributes-when-sniffing">Get
1197: an attribute</a> and its value. If no attribute was
1198: sniffed, then skip this inner set of steps, and jump to the
1199: second step in the overall "two step" algorithm.</p></li>
1200:
1201: <li><p>If the attribute's name is neither "<code title="">charset</code>" nor "<code title="">content</code>",
1202: then return to step 2 in these inner steps.</p></li>
1203:
1204: <li><p>If the attribute's name is "<code title="">charset</code>", let <var title="">charset</var> be
1205: the attribute's value, interpreted as a character
1206: encoding.</p></li>
1207:
1208: <li><p>Otherwise, the attribute's name is "<code title="">content</code>": apply the <a href="infrastructure.html#algorithm-for-extracting-an-encoding-from-a-content-type">algorithm for
1209: extracting an encoding from a Content-Type</a>, giving the
1210: attribute's value as the string to parse. If an encoding is
1211: returned, let <var title="">charset</var> be that
1212: encoding. Otherwise, return to step 2 in these inner
1213: steps.</p></li>
1214:
1215: <li><p>If <var title="">charset</var> is a UTF-16 encoding,
1216: change the value of <var title="">charset</var> to
1217: UTF-8.</p></li>
1218:
1219: <li><p>If <var title="">charset</var> is a supported
1220: character encoding, then return the given encoding, with
1221: <a href="#concept-encoding-confidence" title="concept-encoding-confidence">confidence</a>
1222: <i>tentative</i>, and abort all these steps.</p></li>
1223:
1224: <li><p>Otherwise, return to step 2 in these inner
1225: steps.</p></li>
1226:
1227: </ol></dd>
1228:
1229: <dt>A sequence of bytes starting with a 0x3C byte (ASCII '<'), optionally a 0x2F byte (ASCII '/'), and finally a byte in the range 0x41-0x5A or 0x61-0x7A (an ASCII letter)</dt>
1230: <dd>
1231:
1232: <ol><li><p>Advance the <var title="">position</var> pointer so
1233: that it points at the next 0x09 (ASCII TAB), 0x0A (ASCII LF),
1234: 0x0C (ASCII FF), 0x0D (ASCII CR), 0x20 (ASCII space), or 0x3E
1235: (ASCII '>') byte.</p></li>
1236:
1237: <li><p>Repeatedly <a href="#concept-get-attributes-when-sniffing" title="concept-get-attributes-when-sniffing">get an
1238: attribute</a> until no further attributes can be found,
1239: then jump to the second step in the overall "two step"
1240: algorithm.</p></li>
1241:
1242: </ol></dd>
1243:
1244: <dt>A sequence of bytes starting with: 0x3C 0x21 (ASCII '<!')</dt>
1245: <dt>A sequence of bytes starting with: 0x3C 0x2F (ASCII '</')</dt>
1246: <dt>A sequence of bytes starting with: 0x3C 0x3F (ASCII '<?')</dt>
1247: <dd>
1248:
1249: <p>Advance the <var title="">position</var> pointer so that it
1250: points at the first 0x3E byte (ASCII '>') that comes after the
1251: 0x3C byte that was found.</p>
1252:
1253: </dd>
1254:
1255: <dt>Any other byte</dt>
1256: <dd>
1257:
1258: <p>Do nothing with that byte.</p>
1259:
1260: </dd>
1261:
1262: </dl></li>
1263:
1264: <li>Move <var title="">position</var> so it points at the next
1265: byte in the input stream, and return to the first step of this
1266: "two step" algorithm.</li>
1267:
1268: </ol><p>When the above "two step" algorithm says to <dfn id="concept-get-attributes-when-sniffing" title="concept-get-attributes-when-sniffing">get an
1269: attribute</dfn>, it means doing this:</p>
1270:
1271: <ol><li><p>If the byte at <var title="">position</var> is one of 0x09
1272: (ASCII TAB), 0x0A (ASCII LF), 0x0C (ASCII FF), 0x0D (ASCII CR),
1273: 0x20 (ASCII space), or 0x2F (ASCII '/') then advance <var title="">position</var> to the next byte and redo this
1274: substep.</p></li>
1275:
1276: <li><p>If the byte at <var title="">position</var> is 0x3E (ASCII
1277: '>'), then abort the "get an attribute" algorithm. There isn't
1278: one.</p></li>
1279:
1280: <li><p>Otherwise, the byte at <var title="">position</var> is the
1281: start of the attribute name. Let <var title="">attribute
1282: name</var> and <var title="">attribute value</var> be the empty
1283: string.</p></li>
1284:
1285: <li><p><i>Attribute name</i>: Process the byte at <var title="">position</var> as follows:</p>
1286:
1287: <dl class="switch"><dt>If it is 0x3D (ASCII '='), and the <var title="">attribute
1288: name</var> is longer than the empty string</dt>
1289:
1290: <dd>Advance <var title="">position</var> to the next byte and
1291: jump to the step below labeled <i>value</i>.</dd>
1292:
1293: <dt>If it is 0x09 (ASCII TAB), 0x0A (ASCII LF), 0x0C (ASCII
1294: FF), 0x0D (ASCII CR), or 0x20 (ASCII space)</dt>
1295:
1296: <dd>Jump to the step below labeled <i>spaces</i>.</dd>
1297:
1298: <dt>If it is 0x2F (ASCII '/') or 0x3E (ASCII '>')</dt>
1299:
1300: <dd>Abort the "get an attribute" algorithm. The attribute's
1301: name is the value of <var title="">attribute name</var>, its
1302: value is the empty string.</dd>
1303:
1304: <dt>If it is in the range 0x41 (ASCII 'A') to 0x5A (ASCII
1305: 'Z')</dt>
1306:
1307: <dd>Append the Unicode character with code point <span title=""><var title="">b</var>+0x20</span> to <var title="">attribute
1308: name</var> (where <var title="">b</var> is the value of the
1309: byte at <var title="">position</var>).</dd>
1310:
1311: <dt>Anything else</dt>
1312:
1313: <dd>Append the Unicode character with the same code point as the
1314: value of the byte at <var title="">position</var>) to <var title="">attribute name</var>. (It doesn't actually matter how
1315: bytes outside the ASCII range are handled here, since only
1316: ASCII characters can contribute to the detection of a character
1317: encoding.)</dd>
1318:
1319: </dl></li>
1320:
1321: <li><p>Advance <var title="">position</var> to the next byte and
1322: return to the previous step.</p></li>
1323:
1324: <li><p><i>Spaces</i>: If the byte at <var title="">position</var> is one of 0x09 (ASCII TAB), 0x0A (ASCII
1325: LF), 0x0C (ASCII FF), 0x0D (ASCII CR), or 0x20 (ASCII space) then
1326: advance <var title="">position</var> to the next byte, then,
1327: repeat this step.</p></li>
1328:
1329: <li><p>If the byte at <var title="">position</var> is
1330: <em>not</em> 0x3D (ASCII '='), abort the "get an attribute"
1331: algorithm. The attribute's name is the value of <var title="">attribute name</var>, its value is the empty
1332: string.</p></li>
1333:
1334: <li><p>Advance <var title="">position</var> past the 0x3D (ASCII
1335: '=') byte.</p></li>
1336:
1337: <li><p><i>Value:</i> If the byte at <var title="">position</var> is one of 0x09 (ASCII TAB), 0x0A (ASCII
1338: LF), 0x0C (ASCII FF), 0x0D (ASCII CR), or 0x20 (ASCII space) then
1339: advance <var title="">position</var> to the next byte, then,
1340: repeat this step.</p></li>
1341:
1342: <li><p>Process the byte at <var title="">position</var> as
1343: follows:</p>
1344:
1345: <dl class="switch"><dt>If it is 0x22 (ASCII '"') or 0x27 ("'")</dt>
1346:
1347: <dd>
1348:
1349: <ol><li>Let <var title="">b</var> be the value of the byte at
1350: <var title="">position</var>.</li>
1351:
1352: <li>Advance <var title="">position</var> to the next
1353: byte.</li>
1354:
1355: <li>If the value of the byte at <var title="">position</var>
1356: is the value of <var title="">b</var>, then advance <var title="">position</var> to the next byte and abort the "get
1357: an attribute" algorithm. The attribute's name is the value of
1358: <var title="">attribute name</var>, and its value is the
1359: value of <var title="">attribute value</var>.</li>
1360:
1361: <li>Otherwise, if the value of the byte at <var title="">position</var> is in the range 0x41 (ASCII 'A') to
1362: 0x5A (ASCII 'Z'), then append a Unicode character to <var title="">attribute value</var> whose code point is 0x20 more
1363: than the value of the byte at <var title="">position</var>.</li>
1364:
1365: <li>Otherwise, append a Unicode character to <var title="">attribute value</var> whose code point is the same as
1366: the value of the byte at <var title="">position</var>.</li>
1367:
1368: <li>Return to the second step in these substeps.</li>
1369:
1370: </ol></dd>
1371:
1372: <dt>If it is 0x3E (ASCII '>')</dt>
1373:
1374: <dd>Abort the "get an attribute" algorithm. The attribute's
1375: name is the value of <var title="">attribute name</var>, its
1376: value is the empty string.</dd>
1377:
1378:
1379: <dt>If it is in the range 0x41 (ASCII 'A') to 0x5A (ASCII
1380: 'Z')</dt>
1381:
1382: <dd>Append the Unicode character with code point <span title=""><var title="">b</var>+0x20</span> to <var title="">attribute
1383: value</var> (where <var title="">b</var> is the value of the
1384: byte at <var title="">position</var>). Advance <var title="">position</var> to the next byte.</dd>
1385:
1386: <dt>Anything else</dt>
1387:
1388: <dd>Append the Unicode character with the same code point as the
1389: value of the byte at <var title="">position</var>) to <var title="">attribute value</var>. Advance <var title="">position</var> to the next byte.</dd>
1390:
1391: </dl></li>
1392:
1393: <li><p>Process the byte at <var title="">position</var> as
1394: follows:</p>
1395:
1396: <dl class="switch"><dt>If it is 0x09 (ASCII TAB), 0x0A (ASCII LF), 0x0C (ASCII
1397: FF), 0x0D (ASCII CR), 0x20 (ASCII space), or 0x3E (ASCII
1398: '>')</dt>
1399:
1400: <dd>Abort the "get an attribute" algorithm. The attribute's
1401: name is the value of <var title="">attribute name</var> and its
1402: value is the value of <var title="">attribute value</var>.</dd>
1403:
1404: <dt>If it is in the range 0x41 (ASCII 'A') to 0x5A (ASCII
1405: 'Z')</dt>
1406:
1407: <dd>Append the Unicode character with code point <span title=""><var title="">b</var>+0x20</span> to <var title="">attribute
1408: value</var> (where <var title="">b</var> is the value of the
1409: byte at <var title="">position</var>).</dd>
1410:
1411: <dt>Anything else</dt>
1412:
1413: <dd>Append the Unicode character with the same code point as the
1414: value of the byte at <var title="">position</var>) to <var title="">attribute value</var>.</dd>
1415:
1416: </dl></li>
1417:
1418: <li><p>Advance <var title="">position</var> to the next byte and
1419: return to the previous step.</p></li>
1420:
1421: </ol><p>For the sake of interoperability, user agents should not use a
1422: pre-scan algorithm that returns different results than the one
1423: described above. (But, if you do, please at least let us know, so
1424: that we can improve this algorithm and benefit everyone...)</p>
1425:
1426: </li>
1427:
1428: <li><p>If the user agent has information on the likely encoding for
1429: this page, e.g. based on the encoding of the page when it was last
1430: visited, then return that encoding, with the <a href="#concept-encoding-confidence" title="concept-encoding-confidence">confidence</a>
1431: <i>tentative</i>, and abort these steps.</p></li>
1432:
1433: <li><p>The user agent may attempt to autodetect the character
1434: encoding from applying frequency analysis or other algorithms to
1435: the data stream. If autodetection succeeds in determining a
1436: character encoding, then return that encoding, with the <a href="#concept-encoding-confidence" title="concept-encoding-confidence">confidence</a>
1.104 mike 1437: <i>tentative</i>, and abort these steps. <a href="references.html#refsUNIVCHARDET">[UNIVCHARDET]</a></p></li>
1.1 mike 1438:
1439: <li><p>Otherwise, return an implementation-defined or
1440: user-specified default character encoding, with the <a href="#concept-encoding-confidence" title="concept-encoding-confidence">confidence</a>
1441: <i>tentative</i>. In non-legacy environments, the more
1442: comprehensive <code title="">UTF-8</code> encoding is
1443: recommended. Due to its use in legacy content, <code title="">windows-1252</code> is recommended as a default in
1444: predominantly Western demographics instead. Since these encodings
1445: can in many cases be distinguished by inspection, a user agent may
1446: heuristically decide which to use as a default.</p></li>
1447:
1448: </ol><p>The <a href="dom.html#document-s-character-encoding">document's character encoding</a> must immediately
1449: be set to the value returned from this algorithm, at the same time
1450: as the user agent uses the returned value to select the decoder to
1451: use for the input stream.</p>
1452:
1453:
1454:
1455: <h5 id="preprocessing-the-input-stream"><span class="secno">9.2.2.2 </span>Preprocessing the input stream</h5>
1456:
1457: <p>Given an encoding, the bytes in the input stream must be
1458: converted to Unicode characters for the tokenizer, as described by
1459: the rules for that encoding, except that the leading U+FEFF BYTE
1460: ORDER MARK character, if any, must not be stripped by the encoding
1461: layer (it is stripped by the rule below).</p> <!-- this is to
1462: prevent two leading BOMs from being both stripped, once by the
1463: decoder, and once by the parser -->
1464:
1465: <p>Bytes or sequences of bytes in the original byte stream that
1466: could not be converted to Unicode characters must be converted to
1467: U+FFFD REPLACEMENT CHARACTER code points.</p>
1468:
1469: <p class="note">Bytes or sequences of bytes in the original byte
1470: stream that did not conform to the encoding specification
1471: (e.g. invalid UTF-8 byte sequences in a UTF-8 input stream) are
1472: errors that conformance checkers are expected to report.</p>
1473:
1474: <p>Any byte or sequences of bytes in the original byte stream that
1475: is <a href="infrastructure.html#misinterpreted-for-compatibility">misinterpreted for compatibility</a> is a <a href="#parse-error">parse
1476: error</a>.</p>
1477:
1478: <p>One leading U+FEFF BYTE ORDER MARK character must be ignored if
1479: any are present.</p>
1480:
1481: <p>All U+0000 NULL characters in the input must be replaced by
1482: U+FFFD REPLACEMENT CHARACTERs. Any occurrences of such characters is
1483: a <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a>.</p>
1484:
1485: <p>Any occurrences of any characters in the ranges U+0001 to U+0008,
1486: <!-- HT, LF allowed --> <!-- U+000B is in the next list --> <!-- FF,
1487: CR allowed --> U+000E to U+001F, <!-- ASCII allowed --> U+007F
1488: <!--to U+0084, (U+0085 NEL not allowed), U+0086--> to U+009F, U+D800
1489: to U+DFFF<!-- surrogates not allowed -->, U+FDD0 to U+FDEF, and
1490: characters U+000B, U+FFFE, U+FFFF, U+1FFFE, U+1FFFF, U+2FFFE,
1491: U+2FFFF, U+3FFFE, U+3FFFF, U+4FFFE, U+4FFFF, U+5FFFE, U+5FFFF,
1492: U+6FFFE, U+6FFFF, U+7FFFE, U+7FFFF, U+8FFFE, U+8FFFF, U+9FFFE,
1493: U+9FFFF, U+AFFFE, U+AFFFF, U+BFFFE, U+BFFFF, U+CFFFE, U+CFFFF,
1494: U+DFFFE, U+DFFFF, U+EFFFE, U+EFFFF, U+FFFFE, U+FFFFF, U+10FFFE, and
1495: U+10FFFF are <a href="#parse-error" title="parse error">parse errors</a>. (These
1496: are all control characters or permanently undefined Unicode
1497: characters.)</p>
1498:
1499: <p>U+000D CARRIAGE RETURN (CR) characters and U+000A LINE FEED (LF)
1500: characters are treated specially. Any CR characters that are
1501: followed by LF characters must be removed, and any CR characters not
1502: followed by LF characters must be converted to LF characters. Thus,
1503: newlines in HTML DOMs are represented by LF characters, and there
1504: are never any CR characters in the input to the
1505: <a href="#tokenization">tokenization</a> stage.</p>
1506:
1507: <p>The <dfn id="next-input-character">next input character</dfn> is the first character in the
1508: input stream that has not yet been <dfn id="consumed">consumed</dfn>. Initially,
1509: the <i><a href="#next-input-character">next input character</a></i> is the first character in the
1510: input. The <dfn id="current-input-character">current input character</dfn> is the last character
1511: to have been <i><a href="#consumed">consumed</a></i>.</p>
1512:
1513: <p>The <dfn id="insertion-point">insertion point</dfn> is the position (just before a
1514: character or just before the end of the input stream) where content
1515: inserted using <code title="dom-document-write"><a href="dom.html#dom-document-write">document.write()</a></code> is actually
1516: inserted. The insertion point is relative to the position of the
1517: character immediately after it, it is not an absolute offset into
1518: the input stream. Initially, the insertion point is
1.10 mike 1519: undefined.</p>
1.1 mike 1520:
1521: <p>The "EOF" character in the tables below is a conceptual character
1522: representing the end of the <a href="#the-input-stream">input stream</a>. If the parser
1523: is a <a href="dom.html#script-created-parser">script-created parser</a>, then the end of the
1524: <a href="#the-input-stream">input stream</a> is reached when an <dfn id="explicit-eof-character">explicit "EOF"
1525: character</dfn> (inserted by the <code title="dom-document-close"><a href="dom.html#dom-document-close">document.close()</a></code> method) is
1526: consumed. Otherwise, the "EOF" character is not a real character in
1527: the stream, but rather the lack of any further characters.</p>
1528:
1529:
1530: <h5 id="changing-the-encoding-while-parsing"><span class="secno">9.2.2.3 </span>Changing the encoding while parsing</h5>
1531:
1532: <p>When the parser requires the user agent to <dfn id="change-the-encoding">change the
1533: encoding</dfn>, it must run the following steps. This might happen
1534: if the <a href="#encoding-sniffing-algorithm">encoding sniffing algorithm</a> described above
1535: failed to find an encoding, or if it found an encoding that was not
1536: the actual encoding of the file.</p>
1537:
1538: <ol><li>If the new encoding is identical or equivalent to the encoding
1539: that is already being used to interpret the input stream, then set
1540: the <a href="#concept-encoding-confidence" title="concept-encoding-confidence">confidence</a> to
1541: <i>certain</i> and abort these steps. This happens when the
1542: encoding information found in the file matches what the
1543: <a href="#encoding-sniffing-algorithm">encoding sniffing algorithm</a> determined to be the
1544: encoding, and in the second pass through the parser if the first
1545: pass found that the encoding sniffing algorithm described in the
1546: earlier section failed to find the right encoding.</li>
1547:
1548: <li>If the encoding that is already being used to interpret the
1549: input stream is a UTF-16 encoding, then set the <a href="#concept-encoding-confidence" title="concept-encoding-confidence">confidence</a> to
1550: <i>certain</i> and abort these steps. The new encoding is ignored;
1551: if it was anything but the same encoding, then it would be clearly
1552: incorrect.</li>
1553:
1554: <li>If the new encoding is a UTF-16 encoding, change it to
1555: UTF-8.</li>
1556:
1557: <li>If all the bytes up to the last byte converted by the current
1558: decoder have the same Unicode interpretations in both the current
1559: encoding and the new encoding, and if the user agent supports
1560: changing the converter on the fly, then the user agent may change
1561: to the new converter for the encoding on the fly. Set the
1562: <a href="dom.html#document-s-character-encoding">document's character encoding</a> and the encoding used to
1563: convert the input stream to the new encoding, set the <a href="#concept-encoding-confidence" title="concept-encoding-confidence">confidence</a> to
1564: <i>certain</i>, and abort these steps.</li>
1565:
1566: <li>Otherwise, <a href="history.html#navigate">navigate</a> to the document again, with
1567: <a href="history.html#replacement-enabled">replacement enabled</a>, and using the same <a href="history.html#source-browsing-context">source
1568: browsing context</a>, but this time skip the <a href="#encoding-sniffing-algorithm">encoding
1569: sniffing algorithm</a> and instead just set the encoding to the
1570: new encoding and the <a href="#concept-encoding-confidence" title="concept-encoding-confidence">confidence</a> to
1571: <i>certain</i>. Whenever possible, this should be done without
1572: actually contacting the network layer (the bytes should be
1573: re-parsed from memory), even if, e.g., the document is marked as
1574: not being cacheable. If this is not possible and contacting the
1575: network layer would involve repeating a request that uses a method
1576: other than HTTP GET (<a href="infrastructure.html#concept-http-equivalent-get" title="concept-http-equivalent-get">or
1577: equivalent</a> for non-HTTP URLs), then instead set the <a href="#concept-encoding-confidence" title="concept-encoding-confidence">confidence</a> to
1578: <i>certain</i> and ignore the new encoding. The resource will be
1579: misinterpreted. User agents may notify the user of the situation,
1580: to aid in application development.</li>
1581:
1582: </ol><h4 id="parse-state"><span class="secno">9.2.3 </span>Parse state</h4>
1583:
1584: <h5 id="the-insertion-mode"><span class="secno">9.2.3.1 </span>The insertion mode</h5>
1585:
1586: <p>The <dfn id="insertion-mode">insertion mode</dfn> is a state variable that controls
1587: the primary operation of the tree construction stage.</p>
1588:
1589: <p>Initially, the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> is "<a href="#the-initial-insertion-mode" title="insertion mode: initial">initial</a>". It can change to
1590: "<a href="#the-before-html-insertion-mode" title="insertion mode: before html">before html</a>",
1591: "<a href="#the-before-head-insertion-mode" title="insertion mode: before head">before head</a>",
1592: "<a href="#parsing-main-inhead" title="insertion mode: in head">in head</a>", "<a href="#parsing-main-inheadnoscript" title="insertion mode: in head noscript">in head noscript</a>",
1.91 mike 1593: "<a href="#the-after-head-insertion-mode" title="insertion mode: after head">after head</a>", "<a href="#parsing-main-inbody" title="insertion mode: in body">in body</a>", "<a href="#parsing-main-incdata" title="insertion mode: in RAWTEXT/RCDATA">in RAWTEXT/RCDATA</a>",
1.1 mike 1594: "<a href="#parsing-main-intable" title="insertion mode: in table">in table</a>", "<a href="#parsing-main-intabletext" title="insertion mode: in table text">in table text</a>", "<a href="#parsing-main-incaption" title="insertion mode: in caption">in caption</a>", "<a href="#parsing-main-incolgroup" title="insertion mode: in column group">in column group</a>",
1595: "<a href="#parsing-main-intbody" title="insertion mode: in table body">in table body</a>",
1596: "<a href="#parsing-main-intr" title="insertion mode: in row">in row</a>", "<a href="#parsing-main-intd" title="insertion mode: in cell">in cell</a>", "<a href="#parsing-main-inselect" title="insertion mode: in select">in select</a>", "<a href="#parsing-main-inselectintable" title="insertion mode: in select in table">in select in
1597: table</a>", "<a href="#parsing-main-inforeign" title="insertion mode: in foreign content">in
1598: foreign content</a>", "<a href="#parsing-main-afterbody" title="insertion mode: after
1599: body">after body</a>", "<a href="#parsing-main-inframeset" title="insertion mode: in
1600: frameset">in frameset</a>", "<a href="#parsing-main-afterframeset" title="insertion mode: after
1601: frameset">after frameset</a>", "<a href="#the-after-after-body-insertion-mode" title="insertion mode:
1602: after after body">after after body</a>", and "<a href="#the-after-after-frameset-insertion-mode" title="insertion mode: after after frameset">after after
1603: frameset</a>" during the course of the parsing, as described in
1604: the <a href="#tree-construction">tree construction</a> stage. The insertion mode affects
1605: how tokens are processed and whether CDATA sections are
1606: supported.</p>
1607:
1608: <p>Seven of these modes, namely "<a href="#parsing-main-inhead" title="insertion mode: in
1609: head">in head</a>", "<a href="#parsing-main-inbody" title="insertion mode: in body">in
1610: body</a>", "<a href="#parsing-main-intable" title="insertion mode: in table">in
1611: table</a>", "<a href="#parsing-main-intbody" title="insertion mode: in table body">in table
1612: body</a>", "<a href="#parsing-main-intr" title="insertion mode: in row">in row</a>",
1613: "<a href="#parsing-main-intd" title="insertion mode: in cell">in cell</a>", and "<a href="#parsing-main-inselect" title="insertion mode: in select">in select</a>", are special, in
1614: that the other modes defer to them at various times. When the
1615: algorithm below says that the user agent is to do something
1616: "<dfn id="using-the-rules-for">using the rules for</dfn> the <var title="">m</var> insertion
1617: mode", where <var title="">m</var> is one of these modes, the user
1618: agent must use the rules described under the <var title="">m</var>
1619: <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a>'s section, but must leave the
1620: <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> unchanged unless the rules in <var title="">m</var> themselves switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a>
1621: to a new value.</p>
1622:
1623: <p>When the insertion mode is switched to "<a href="#parsing-main-incdata" title="insertion
1.91 mike 1624: mode: in RAWTEXT/RCDATA">in RAWTEXT/RCDATA</a>" or "<a href="#parsing-main-intabletext" title="insertion mode: in table text">in table text</a>", the
1.1 mike 1625: <dfn id="original-insertion-mode">original insertion mode</dfn> is also set. This is the
1626: insertion mode to which the tree construction stage will return.</p>
1627:
1628: <p>When the insertion mode is switched to "<a href="#parsing-main-inforeign" title="insertion
1629: mode: in foreign content">in foreign content</a>", the
1630: <dfn id="secondary-insertion-mode">secondary insertion mode</dfn> is also set. This secondary mode
1631: is used within the rules for the "<a href="#parsing-main-inforeign" title="insertion mode: in
1632: foreign content">in foreign content</a>" mode to handle HTML
1633: (i.e. not foreign) content.</p>
1634:
1635: <hr><p>When the steps below require the UA to <dfn id="reset-the-insertion-mode-appropriately">reset the insertion
1636: mode appropriately</dfn>, it means the UA must follow these
1637: steps:</p>
1638:
1639: <ol><li>Let <var title="">last</var> be false.</li>
1640:
1641: <li>Let <var title="">node</var> be the last node in the
1642: <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a>.</li>
1643:
1644: <li>If <var title="">node</var> is the first node in the stack of
1645: open elements, then set <var title="">last</var> to true and set
1646: <var title="">node</var> to the <var title="">context</var>
1647: element. (<a href="#fragment-case">fragment case</a>)</li>
1648:
1649: <li>If <var title="">node</var> is a <code><a href="forms.html#the-select-element">select</a></code> element,
1650: then switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to "<a href="#parsing-main-inselect" title="insertion mode: in select">in select</a>" and abort these
1651: steps. (<a href="#fragment-case">fragment case</a>)</li>
1652:
1653: <li>If <var title="">node</var> is a <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-td-element">td</a></code> or
1654: <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-th-element">th</a></code> element and <var title="">last</var> is false, then
1655: switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to "<a href="#parsing-main-intd" title="insertion
1656: mode: in cell">in cell</a>" and abort these steps.</li>
1657:
1658: <li>If <var title="">node</var> is a <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tr-element">tr</a></code> element, then
1659: switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to "<a href="#parsing-main-intr" title="insertion
1660: mode: in row">in row</a>" and abort these steps.</li>
1661:
1662: <li>If <var title="">node</var> is a <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tbody-element">tbody</a></code>,
1663: <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-thead-element">thead</a></code>, or <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tfoot-element">tfoot</a></code> element, then switch the
1664: <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to "<a href="#parsing-main-intbody" title="insertion mode: in
1665: table body">in table body</a>" and abort these steps.</li>
1666:
1667: <li>If <var title="">node</var> is a <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-caption-element">caption</a></code> element,
1668: then switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to "<a href="#parsing-main-incaption" title="insertion mode: in caption">in caption</a>" and abort
1669: these steps.</li>
1670:
1671: <li>If <var title="">node</var> is a <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-colgroup-element">colgroup</a></code> element,
1672: then switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to "<a href="#parsing-main-incolgroup" title="insertion mode: in column group">in column group</a>" and
1673: abort these steps. (<a href="#fragment-case">fragment case</a>)</li>
1674:
1675: <li>If <var title="">node</var> is a <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-table-element">table</a></code> element,
1676: then switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to "<a href="#parsing-main-intable" title="insertion mode: in table">in table</a>" and abort these
1677: steps.</li>
1678:
1679: <li>If <var title="">node</var> is an element from the <a href="#mathml-namespace">MathML
1680: namespace</a> or the <a href="#svg-namespace">SVG namespace</a>, then switch the
1681: <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to "<a href="#parsing-main-inforeign" title="insertion mode: in
1682: foreign content">in foreign content</a>", let the
1683: <a href="#secondary-insertion-mode">secondary insertion mode</a> be "<a href="#parsing-main-inbody" title="insertion
1684: mode: in body">in body</a>", and abort these steps.</li>
1685:
1686: <li>If <var title="">node</var> is a <code><a href="semantics.html#the-head-element">head</a></code> element,
1687: then switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to "<a href="#parsing-main-inbody" title="insertion mode: in body">in body</a>" ("<a href="#parsing-main-inbody" title="insertion mode: in body">in body</a>"! <em> not "<a href="#parsing-main-inhead" title="insertion mode: in head">in head</a>"</em>!) and abort
1688: these steps. (<a href="#fragment-case">fragment case</a>)</li> <!-- This is only
1689: here for now in case people think that the spec accidentally
1690: omitted it and try to "fix" it. Note that noscript-in-head is also
1691: handled this way. This is all intentional. The only thing it
1692: doesn't handle is the scripting-disabled fragment parsing case for
1693: a <head> element containing a <noscript> which itself contains
1694: something other than a <link> or a <style> element; you'd expect
1695: that to break out of the <noscript> but it doesn't. This is an edge
1696: case that doesn't affect the spec, since the algorithm for fragment
1697: parsing is only used for innerHTML/outerHTML/insertAdjacentHTML(),
1698: where we know scripting is enabled. (XXX except maybe if innerHTML
1699: is set from another browsing context on a document with designMode
1700: set?) -->
1701:
1702: <li>If <var title="">node</var> is a <code><a href="semantics.html#the-body-element">body</a></code> element,
1703: then switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to "<a href="#parsing-main-inbody" title="insertion mode: in body">in body</a>" and abort these
1704: steps.</li>
1705:
1.5 mike 1706: <li>If <var title="">node</var> is a <code><a href="obsolete.html#frameset">frameset</a></code> element,
1.1 mike 1707: then switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to "<a href="#parsing-main-inframeset" title="insertion mode: in frameset">in frameset</a>" and abort
1708: these steps. (<a href="#fragment-case">fragment case</a>)</li>
1709:
1710: <li>If <var title="">node</var> is an <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element">html</a></code> element,
1711: then: if the <a href="#head-element-pointer"><code title="">head</code> element
1712: pointer</a> is null, switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to
1713: "<a href="#the-before-head-insertion-mode" title="insertion mode: before head">before head</a>",
1714: otherwise, switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to "<a href="#the-after-head-insertion-mode" title="insertion mode: after head">after head</a>". In either
1715: case, abort these steps. (<a href="#fragment-case">fragment case</a>)</li> <!-- XXX
1716: can the head element pointer ever be non-null when we're going
1717: through these steps? -->
1718:
1719: <li>If <var title="">last</var> is true, then switch the
1720: <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to "<a href="#parsing-main-inbody" title="insertion mode: in
1721: body">in body</a>" and abort these steps. (<a href="#fragment-case">fragment
1722: case</a>)</li>
1723:
1724: <li>Let <var title="">node</var> now be the node before <var title="">node</var> in the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open
1725: elements</a>.</li>
1726:
1727: <li>Return to step 3.</li>
1728:
1729: </ol><h5 id="the-stack-of-open-elements"><span class="secno">9.2.3.2 </span>The stack of open elements</h5>
1730:
1731: <p>Initially, the <dfn id="stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</dfn> is empty. The
1732: stack grows downwards; the topmost node on the stack is the first
1733: one added to the stack, and the bottommost node of the stack is the
1734: most recently added node in the stack (notwithstanding when the
1735: stack is manipulated in a random access fashion as part of <a href="#adoptionAgency">the handling for misnested tags</a>).</p>
1736:
1737: <p>The "<a href="#the-before-html-insertion-mode" title="insertion mode: before html">before
1738: html</a>" <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> creates the
1739: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element">html</a></code> root element node, which is then added to the
1740: stack.</p>
1741:
1742: <p>In the <a href="#fragment-case">fragment case</a>, the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open
1743: elements</a> is initialized to contain an <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element">html</a></code>
1744: element that is created as part of <a href="#html-fragment-parsing-algorithm" title="html fragment
1745: parsing algorithm">that algorithm</a>. (The <a href="#fragment-case">fragment
1746: case</a> skips the "<a href="#the-before-html-insertion-mode" title="insertion mode: before
1747: html">before html</a>" <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a>.)</p>
1748:
1749: <p>The <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element">html</a></code> node, however it is created, is the topmost
1750: node of the stack. It never gets popped off the stack.</p>
1751:
1752: <p>The <dfn id="current-node">current node</dfn> is the bottommost node in this
1753: stack.</p>
1754:
1755: <p>The <dfn id="current-table">current table</dfn> is the last <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-table-element">table</a></code>
1756: element in the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a>, if there is
1757: one. If there is no <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-table-element">table</a></code> element in the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of
1758: open elements</a> (<a href="#fragment-case">fragment case</a>), then the
1759: <a href="#current-table">current table</a> is the first element in the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack
1760: of open elements</a> (the <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element">html</a></code> element).</p>
1761:
1762: <p>Elements in the stack fall into the following categories:</p>
1763:
1764: <dl><dt><dfn id="special">Special</dfn></dt>
1765:
1766: <dd><p>The following HTML elements have varying levels of special
1767: parsing rules: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-address-element">address</a></code>, <code><a href="the-canvas-element.html#the-area-element">area</a></code>,
1768: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-article-element">article</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-aside-element">aside</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-base-element">base</a></code>,
1.5 mike 1769: <code><a href="obsolete.html#basefont">basefont</a></code>, <code>bgsound</code>,
1.1 mike 1770: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-blockquote-element">blockquote</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-body-element">body</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-br-element">br</a></code>,
1.5 mike 1771: <code><a href="obsolete.html#center">center</a></code>, <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-col-element">col</a></code>, <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-colgroup-element">colgroup</a></code>,
1.86 mike 1772: <code><a href="interactive-elements.html#the-command">command</a></code>, <!--v2DDATAGRID--><code>datagrid</code>,
1773: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-dd-element">dd</a></code>, <code><a href="interactive-elements.html#the-details-element">details</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-dialog-element">dialog</a></code>,
1774: <code><a href="obsolete.html#dir">dir</a></code>, <code><a href="interactive-elements.html#the-div-element">div</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-dl-element">dl</a></code>,
1775: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-dt-element">dt</a></code>, <code><a href="embedded-content-0.html#the-embed-element">embed</a></code>, <code><a href="forms.html#the-fieldset-element">fieldset</a></code>,
1776: <code><a href="embedded-content-0.html#the-figure-element">figure</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-footer-element">footer</a></code>, <code><a href="forms.html#the-form-element">form</a></code>,
1777: <code><a href="obsolete.html#frame">frame</a></code>, <code><a href="obsolete.html#frameset">frameset</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-h1-h2-h3-h4-h5-and-h6-elements">h1</a></code>,
1778: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-h1-h2-h3-h4-h5-and-h6-elements">h2</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-h1-h2-h3-h4-h5-and-h6-elements">h3</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-h1-h2-h3-h4-h5-and-h6-elements">h4</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-h1-h2-h3-h4-h5-and-h6-elements">h5</a></code>,
1779: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-h1-h2-h3-h4-h5-and-h6-elements">h6</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-head-element">head</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-header-element">header</a></code>,
1780: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-hgroup-element">hgroup</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-hr-element">hr</a></code>, <code><a href="embedded-content-0.html#the-iframe-element">iframe</a></code>, <!--
1781: <code>image</code>, (commented out because this isn't an element
1782: that can end up on the stack, so it doesn't matter) -->
1783: <code><a href="embedded-content-0.html#the-img-element">img</a></code>, <code><a href="forms.html#the-input-element">input</a></code>, <code><a href="obsolete.html#isindex-0">isindex</a></code>,
1784: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-li-element">li</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-link-element">link</a></code>, <code><a href="obsolete.html#listing">listing</a></code>,
1785: <code><a href="interactive-elements.html#menus">menu</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#meta">meta</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-nav-element">nav</a></code>,
1786: <code><a href="obsolete.html#noembed">noembed</a></code>, <code><a href="obsolete.html#noframes">noframes</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-noscript-element">noscript</a></code>,
1787: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-ol-element">ol</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-p-element">p</a></code>, <code><a href="embedded-content-0.html#the-param-element">param</a></code>,
1788: <code><a href="obsolete.html#plaintext">plaintext</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-pre-element">pre</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#script">script</a></code>,
1789: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-section-element">section</a></code>, <code><a href="forms.html#the-select-element">select</a></code>, <code><a href="obsolete.html#spacer">spacer</a></code>,
1790: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-style-element">style</a></code>, <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tbody-element">tbody</a></code>, <code><a href="forms.html#the-textarea-element">textarea</a></code>,
1791: <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tfoot-element">tfoot</a></code>, <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-thead-element">thead</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-title-element">title</a></code>,
1792: <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tr-element">tr</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-ul-element">ul</a></code>, and <code>wbr</code>.</p></dd>
1.1 mike 1793:
1794: <dt><dfn id="scoping">Scoping</dfn></dt>
1795: <dd><p>The following HTML elements introduce new <a href="#has-an-element-in-scope" title="has
1796: an element in scope">scopes</a> for various parts of the
1.5 mike 1797: parsing: <code><a href="obsolete.html#the-applet-element">applet</a></code>, <code><a href="forms.html#the-button-element">button</a></code>,
1798: <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-caption-element">caption</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element">html</a></code>, <code><a href="obsolete.html#the-marquee-element-0">marquee</a></code>,
1.1 mike 1799: <code><a href="embedded-content-0.html#the-object-element">object</a></code>, <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-table-element">table</a></code>, <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-td-element">td</a></code>,
1800: <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-th-element">th</a></code>, and SVG's <code>foreignObject</code>.</p></dd>
1801:
1802: <dt><dfn id="formatting">Formatting</dfn></dt>
1803: <dd><p>The following HTML elements are those that end up in the
1804: <a href="#list-of-active-formatting-elements">list of active formatting elements</a>: <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-a-element">a</a></code>,
1.5 mike 1805: <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-b-element">b</a></code>, <code><a href="obsolete.html#big">big</a></code>, <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-code-element">code</a></code>,
1806: <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-em-element">em</a></code>, <code><a href="obsolete.html#font">font</a></code>, <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-i-element">i</a></code>,
1807: <code>nobr</code>, <code><a href="obsolete.html#s">s</a></code>, <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-small-element">small</a></code>,
1808: <code><a href="obsolete.html#strike">strike</a></code>, <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-strong-element">strong</a></code>, <code><a href="obsolete.html#tt">tt</a></code>, and
1809: <code><a href="obsolete.html#u">u</a></code>.</p></dd>
1.1 mike 1810:
1811: <dt><dfn id="phrasing">Phrasing</dfn></dt>
1812: <dd><p>All other elements found while parsing an HTML
1813: document.</p></dd>
1814:
1815: </dl><p>The <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> is said to <dfn id="has-an-element-in-scope" title="has an element in scope">have an element in scope</dfn> when
1816: the following algorithm terminates in a match state:</p>
1817:
1818: <ol><li><p>Initialize <var title="">node</var> to be the <a href="#current-node">current
1819: node</a> (the bottommost node of the stack).</p></li>
1820:
1821: <li><p>If <var title="">node</var> is the target node, terminate in
1822: a match state.</p></li>
1823:
1824: <li><p>Otherwise, if <var title="">node</var> is one of the
1825: following elements, terminate in a failure state:</p>
1.5 mike 1826: <ul class="brief"><li><code><a href="obsolete.html#the-applet-element">applet</a></code> in the HTML namespace</li>
1.1 mike 1827: <li><code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-caption-element">caption</a></code> in the HTML namespace</li>
1828: <li><code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element">html</a></code> in the HTML namespace</li> <!-- (This can only happen if the <var title="">node</var> is the topmost node of the <span>stack of open elements</span>, and prevents the next step from being invoked if there are no more elements in the stack.) -->
1829: <li><code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-table-element">table</a></code> in the HTML namespace</li>
1830: <li><code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-td-element">td</a></code> in the HTML namespace</li>
1831: <li><code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-th-element">th</a></code> in the HTML namespace</li>
1832: <li><code><a href="forms.html#the-button-element">button</a></code> in the HTML namespace</li>
1.5 mike 1833: <li><code><a href="obsolete.html#the-marquee-element-0">marquee</a></code> in the HTML namespace</li>
1.1 mike 1834: <li><code><a href="embedded-content-0.html#the-object-element">object</a></code> in the HTML namespace</li>
1835: <li><code title="">foreignObject</code> in the SVG namespace</li>
1836: </ul></li>
1837:
1838: <li><p>Otherwise, set <var title="">node</var> to the previous
1839: entry in the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> and return to step
1840: 2. (This will never fail, since the loop will always terminate in
1841: the previous step if the top of the stack — an
1842: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element">html</a></code> element — is reached.)</p></li>
1843:
1844: </ol><p>The <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> is said to <dfn id="has-an-element-in-table-scope" title="has an element in table scope">have an element in <em>table
1845: scope</em></dfn> when the following algorithm terminates in a match
1846: state:</p>
1847:
1848: <ol><li><p>Initialize <var title="">node</var> to be the <a href="#current-node">current
1849: node</a> (the bottommost node of the stack).</p></li>
1850:
1851: <li><p>If <var title="">node</var> is the target node, terminate in
1852: a match state.</p></li>
1853:
1854: <li><p>Otherwise, if <var title="">node</var> is one of the
1855: following elements, terminate in a failure state:</p>
1856: <ul class="brief"><li><code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element">html</a></code> in the HTML namespace</li> <!-- (This can only happen if the <var title="">node</var> is the topmost node of the <span>stack of open elements</span>, and prevents the next step from being invoked if there are no more elements in the stack.) -->
1857: <li><code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-table-element">table</a></code> in the HTML namespace</li>
1858: </ul></li>
1859:
1860: <li><p>Otherwise, set <var title="">node</var> to the previous
1861: entry in the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> and return to step
1862: 2. (This will never fail, since the loop will always terminate in
1863: the previous step if the top of the stack — an
1864: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element">html</a></code> element — is reached.)</p></li>
1865:
1866: </ol><p>Nothing happens if at any time any of the elements in the
1867: <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> are moved to a new location in,
1868: or removed from, the <code>Document</code> tree. In particular, the
1869: stack is not changed in this situation. This can cause, amongst
1870: other strange effects, content to be appended to nodes that are no
1871: longer in the DOM.</p>
1872:
1873: <p class="note">In some cases (namely, when <a href="#adoptionAgency">closing misnested formatting elements</a>),
1874: the stack is manipulated in a random-access fashion.</p>
1875:
1876:
1877: <h5 id="the-list-of-active-formatting-elements"><span class="secno">9.2.3.3 </span>The list of active formatting elements</h5>
1878:
1879: <p>Initially, the <dfn id="list-of-active-formatting-elements">list of active formatting elements</dfn> is
1880: empty. It is used to handle mis-nested <a href="#formatting" title="formatting">formatting element tags</a>.</p>
1881:
1882: <p>The list contains elements in the <a href="#formatting">formatting</a>
1883: category, and scope markers. The scope markers are inserted when
1.5 mike 1884: entering <code><a href="obsolete.html#the-applet-element">applet</a></code> elements, buttons, <code><a href="embedded-content-0.html#the-object-element">object</a></code>
1.1 mike 1885: elements, marquees, table cells, and table captions, and are used to
1.5 mike 1886: prevent formatting from "leaking" <em>into</em> <code><a href="obsolete.html#the-applet-element">applet</a></code>
1.1 mike 1887: elements, buttons, <code><a href="embedded-content-0.html#the-object-element">object</a></code> elements, marquees, and
1888: tables.</p>
1889:
1890: <p class="note">The scope markers are unrelated to the concept of an
1891: element being <a href="#has-an-element-in-scope" title="has an element in scope">in
1892: scope</a>.</p>
1893:
1894: <p>In addition, each element in the <a href="#list-of-active-formatting-elements">list of active formatting
1895: elements</a> is associated with the token for which it was
1896: created, so that further elements can be created for that token if
1897: necessary.</p>
1898:
1899: <p>When the steps below require the UA to <dfn id="reconstruct-the-active-formatting-elements">reconstruct the
1900: active formatting elements</dfn>, the UA must perform the following
1901: steps:</p>
1902:
1903: <ol><li>If there are no entries in the <a href="#list-of-active-formatting-elements">list of active formatting
1904: elements</a>, then there is nothing to reconstruct; stop this
1905: algorithm.</li>
1906:
1907: <li>If the last (most recently added) entry in the <a href="#list-of-active-formatting-elements">list of
1908: active formatting elements</a> is a marker, or if it is an
1909: element that is in the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a>, then
1910: there is nothing to reconstruct; stop this algorithm.</li>
1911:
1912: <li>Let <var title="">entry</var> be the last (most recently added)
1913: element in the <a href="#list-of-active-formatting-elements">list of active formatting
1914: elements</a>.</li>
1915:
1916: <li>If there are no entries before <var title="">entry</var> in the
1917: <a href="#list-of-active-formatting-elements">list of active formatting elements</a>, then jump to step
1918: 8.</li>
1919:
1920: <li>Let <var title="">entry</var> be the entry one earlier than
1921: <var title="">entry</var> in the <a href="#list-of-active-formatting-elements">list of active formatting
1922: elements</a>.</li>
1923:
1924: <li>If <var title="">entry</var> is neither a marker nor an element
1925: that is also in the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a>, go to step
1926: 4.</li>
1927:
1928: <li>Let <var title="">entry</var> be the element one later than
1929: <var title="">entry</var> in the <a href="#list-of-active-formatting-elements">list of active formatting
1930: elements</a>.</li>
1931:
1932: <li><a href="#create-an-element-for-the-token">Create an element for the token</a> for which the
1933: element <var title="">entry</var> was created, to obtain <var title="">new element</var>.</li>
1934:
1935: <li>Append <var title="">new element</var> to the <a href="#current-node">current
1936: node</a> and push it onto the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open
1937: elements</a> so that it is the new <a href="#current-node">current
1938: node</a>.</li>
1939:
1940: <li>Replace the entry for <var title="">entry</var> in the list
1941: with an entry for <var title="">new element</var>.</li>
1942:
1943: <li>If the entry for <var title="">new element</var> in the
1944: <a href="#list-of-active-formatting-elements">list of active formatting elements</a> is not the last
1945: entry in the list, return to step 7.</li>
1946:
1947: </ol><p>This has the effect of reopening all the formatting elements that
1948: were opened in the current body, cell, or caption (whichever is
1949: youngest) that haven't been explicitly closed.</p>
1950:
1951: <p class="note">The way this specification is written, the
1952: <a href="#list-of-active-formatting-elements">list of active formatting elements</a> always consists of
1953: elements in chronological order with the least recently added
1954: element first and the most recently added element last (except for
1955: while steps 8 to 11 of the above algorithm are being executed, of
1956: course).</p>
1957:
1958: <p>When the steps below require the UA to <dfn id="clear-the-list-of-active-formatting-elements-up-to-the-last-marker">clear the list of
1959: active formatting elements up to the last marker</dfn>, the UA must
1960: perform the following steps:</p>
1961:
1962: <ol><li>Let <var title="">entry</var> be the last (most recently added)
1963: entry in the <a href="#list-of-active-formatting-elements">list of active formatting elements</a>.</li>
1964:
1965: <li>Remove <var title="">entry</var> from the <a href="#list-of-active-formatting-elements">list of active
1966: formatting elements</a>.</li>
1967:
1968: <li>If <var title="">entry</var> was a marker, then stop the
1969: algorithm at this point. The list has been cleared up to the last
1970: marker.</li>
1971:
1972: <li>Go to step 1.</li>
1973:
1974: </ol><h5 id="the-element-pointers"><span class="secno">9.2.3.4 </span>The element pointers</h5>
1975:
1976: <p>Initially, the <dfn id="head-element-pointer"><code title="">head</code> element
1977: pointer</dfn> and the <dfn id="form-element-pointer"><code title="">form</code> element
1978: pointer</dfn> are both null.</p>
1979:
1980: <p>Once a <code><a href="semantics.html#the-head-element">head</a></code> element has been parsed (whether
1981: implicitly or explicitly) the <a href="#head-element-pointer"><code title="">head</code>
1982: element pointer</a> gets set to point to this node.</p>
1983:
1984: <p>The <a href="#form-element-pointer"><code title="">form</code> element pointer</a>
1985: points to the last <code><a href="forms.html#the-form-element">form</a></code> element that was opened and
1986: whose end tag has not yet been seen. It is used to make form
1987: controls associate with forms in the face of dramatically bad
1988: markup, for historical reasons.</p>
1989:
1990:
1991: <h5 id="other-parsing-state-flags"><span class="secno">9.2.3.5 </span>Other parsing state flags</h5>
1992:
1993: <p>The <dfn id="scripting-flag">scripting flag</dfn> is set to "enabled" if <a href="browsers.html#concept-n-script" title="concept-n-script">scripting was enabled</a> for the
1994: <code>Document</code> with which the parser is associated when the
1995: parser was created, and "disabled" otherwise.</p>
1996:
1997: <p class="note">The <a href="#scripting-flag">scripting flag</a> can be enabled even
1998: when the parser was originally created for the <a href="#html-fragment-parsing-algorithm">HTML fragment
1999: parsing algorithm</a>, even though <code><a href="semantics.html#script">script</a></code> elements
2000: don't execute in that case.</p>
2001:
2002: <p>The <dfn id="frameset-ok-flag">frameset-ok flag</dfn> is set to "ok" when the parser is
2003: created. It is set to "not ok" after certain tokens are seen.</p>
2004:
2005:
2006: <h4 id="tokenization"><span class="secno">9.2.4 </span><dfn>Tokenization</dfn></h4>
2007:
2008: <p>Implementations must act as if they used the following state
2009: machine to tokenize HTML. The state machine must start in the
2010: <a href="#data-state">data state</a>. Most states consume a single character,
2011: which may have various side-effects, and either switches the state
2012: machine to a new state to <em>reconsume</em> the same character, or
2013: switches it to a new state (to consume the next character), or
2014: repeats the same state (to consume the next character). Some states
2015: have more complicated behavior and can consume several characters
2016: before switching to another state.</p>
2017:
2018: <p>The exact behavior of certain states depends on a <dfn id="content-model-flag">content
2019: model flag</dfn> that is set after certain tokens are emitted. The
1.91 mike 2020: flag has several states: <i title="">PCDATA</i>, <i title="">RCDATA</i>, <i title="">RAWTEXT</i>, and <i title="">PLAINTEXT</i>. Initially, it must be in the PCDATA
2021: state. In the RCDATA and RAWTEXT states, a further <dfn id="escape-flag">escape
1.1 mike 2022: flag</dfn> is used to control the behavior of the tokenizer. It is
2023: either true or false, and initially must be set to the false
2024: state. The <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> and the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open
2025: elements</a> also affects tokenization.</p>
2026:
2027: <p>The output of the tokenization step is a series of zero or more
2028: of the following tokens: DOCTYPE, start tag, end tag, comment,
2029: character, end-of-file. DOCTYPE tokens have a name, a public
2030: identifier, a system identifier, and a <i>force-quirks
2031: flag</i>. When a DOCTYPE token is created, its name, public
2032: identifier, and system identifier must be marked as missing (which
2033: is a distinct state from the empty string), and the <i>force-quirks
2034: flag</i> must be set to <i>off</i> (its other state is
2035: <i>on</i>). Start and end tag tokens have a tag name, a
2036: <i>self-closing flag</i>, and a list of attributes, each of which
2037: has a name and a value. When a start or end tag token is created,
2038: its <i>self-closing flag</i> must be unset (its other state is that
2039: it be set), and its attributes list must be empty. Comment and
2040: character tokens have data.</p>
2041:
2042: <p>When a token is emitted, it must immediately be handled by the
2043: <a href="#tree-construction">tree construction</a> stage. The tree construction stage
2044: can affect the state of the <a href="#content-model-flag">content model flag</a>, and can
2045: insert additional characters into the stream. (For example, the
2046: <code><a href="semantics.html#script">script</a></code> element can result in scripts executing and
2047: using the <a href="dom.html#dynamic-markup-insertion">dynamic markup insertion</a> APIs to insert
2048: characters into the stream being tokenized.)</p>
2049:
2050: <p>When a start tag token is emitted with its <i>self-closing
2051: flag</i> set, if the flag is not <dfn id="acknowledge-self-closing-flag" title="acknowledge
2052: self-closing flag">acknowledged</dfn> when it is processed by the
2053: tree construction stage, that is a <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a>.</p>
2054:
2055: <p>When an end tag token is emitted, the <a href="#content-model-flag">content model
2056: flag</a> must be switched to the PCDATA state.</p>
2057:
2058: <p>When an end tag token is emitted with attributes, that is a
2059: <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a>.</p>
2060:
2061: <p>When an end tag token is emitted with its <i>self-closing
2062: flag</i> set, that is a <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a>.</p>
2063:
2064: <p>Before each step of the tokenizer, the user agent must first
2065: check the <a href="#parser-pause-flag">parser pause flag</a>. If it is true, then the
2066: tokenizer must abort the processing of any nested invocations of the
2067: tokenizer, yielding control back to the caller. If it is false, then
2068: the user agent may then check to see if either one of the scripts in
2069: the <a href="semantics.html#list-of-scripts-that-will-execute-as-soon-as-possible">list of scripts that will execute as soon as
2070: possible</a> or the first script in the <a href="semantics.html#list-of-scripts-that-will-execute-asynchronously">list of scripts
2071: that will execute asynchronously</a>, has <a href="semantics.html#completed-loading">completed
2072: loading</a>. If one has, then it must be <a href="semantics.html#executing-a-script-block" title="executing a
2073: script block">executed</a> and removed from its list.</p>
2074:
2075: <p>The tokenizer state machine consists of the states defined in the
2076: following subsections.</p>
2077:
2078: <!-- XXX should go through these reordering the entries so that
2079: they're in some consistent order, like, by Unicode, errors last, or
2080: something -->
2081:
2082: <h5 id="data-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.1 </span><dfn>Data state</dfn></h5>
2083:
2084: <p>Consume the <a href="#next-input-character">next input character</a>:</p>
2085:
2086: <dl class="switch"><dt>U+0026 AMPERSAND (&)</dt>
2087: <dd>When the <a href="#content-model-flag">content model flag</a> is set to one of the
2088: PCDATA or RCDATA states and the <a href="#escape-flag">escape flag</a> is
2089: false: switch to the <a href="#character-reference-data-state">character reference data
1.56 mike 2090: state</a>.</dd>
2091: <dd>Otherwise: treat it as per the "anything else" entry
2092: below.</dd>
1.1 mike 2093:
2094: <dt>U+002D HYPHEN-MINUS (-)</dt>
2095: <dd>
2096:
2097: <p>If the <a href="#content-model-flag">content model flag</a> is set to either the
1.91 mike 2098: RCDATA state or the RAWTEXT state, and the <a href="#escape-flag">escape flag</a>
1.1 mike 2099: is false, and there are at least three characters before this
2100: one in the input stream, and the last four characters in the
2101: input stream, including this one, are U+003C LESS-THAN SIGN,
2102: U+0021 EXCLAMATION MARK, U+002D HYPHEN-MINUS, and U+002D
2103: HYPHEN-MINUS ("<!--"), then set the <a href="#escape-flag">escape flag</a>
2104: to true.</p>
2105:
2106: <p>In any case, emit the input character as a character
2107: token. Stay in the <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</p>
2108:
2109: </dd>
2110:
2111: <dt>U+003C LESS-THAN SIGN (<)</dt>
2112: <dd>When the <a href="#content-model-flag">content model flag</a> is set to the PCDATA
2113: state: switch to the <a href="#tag-open-state">tag open state</a>.</dd>
2114: <dd>When the <a href="#content-model-flag">content model flag</a> is set to either the
1.91 mike 2115: RCDATA state or the RAWTEXT state, and the <a href="#escape-flag">escape flag</a>
1.1 mike 2116: is false: switch to the <a href="#tag-open-state">tag open state</a>.</dd>
2117: <dd>Otherwise: treat it as per the "anything else" entry
2118: below.</dd>
2119:
2120: <dt>U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN (>)</dt>
2121: <dd>
2122:
2123: <p>If the <a href="#content-model-flag">content model flag</a> is set to either the
1.91 mike 2124: RCDATA state or the RAWTEXT state, and the <a href="#escape-flag">escape
1.1 mike 2125: flag</a> is true, and the last three characters in the input
2126: stream including this one are U+002D HYPHEN-MINUS, U+002D
2127: HYPHEN-MINUS, U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN ("-->"), set the
2128: <a href="#escape-flag">escape flag</a> to false.</p> <!-- no need to check
2129: that there are enough characters, since you can only run into
2130: this if the flag is true in the first place, which requires four
2131: characters. -->
2132:
2133: <p>In any case, emit the input character as a character
2134: token. Stay in the <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</p>
2135:
2136: </dd>
2137:
2138: <dt>EOF</dt>
2139: <dd>Emit an end-of-file token.</dd>
2140:
2141: <dt>Anything else</dt>
2142: <dd>Emit the input character as a character token. Stay in the
2143: <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd>
2144:
2145: </dl><h5 id="character-reference-data-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.2 </span><dfn>Character reference data state</dfn></h5>
2146:
2147: <p><i>(This cannot happen if the <a href="#content-model-flag">content model flag</a>
1.91 mike 2148: is set to the RAWTEXT state.)</i></p>
1.1 mike 2149:
2150: <p>Attempt to <a href="#consume-a-character-reference">consume a character reference</a>, with no
2151: <a href="#additional-allowed-character">additional allowed character</a>.</p>
2152:
2153: <p>If nothing is returned, emit a U+0026 AMPERSAND character
2154: token.</p>
2155:
2156: <p>Otherwise, emit the character token that was returned.</p>
2157:
2158: <p>Finally, switch to the <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</p>
2159:
2160:
2161: <h5 id="tag-open-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.3 </span><dfn>Tag open state</dfn></h5>
2162:
2163: <p>The behavior of this state depends on the <a href="#content-model-flag">content model
2164: flag</a>.</p>
2165:
2166: <dl><dt>If the <a href="#content-model-flag">content model flag</a> is set to the RCDATA
1.91 mike 2167: or RAWTEXT states</dt>
1.1 mike 2168:
2169: <dd>
2170:
2171: <p>Consume the <a href="#next-input-character">next input character</a>. If it is a
2172: U+002F SOLIDUS (/) character, switch to the <a href="#close-tag-open-state">close tag open
2173: state</a>. Otherwise, emit a U+003C LESS-THAN SIGN character
2174: token and reconsume the <a href="#current-input-character">current input character</a> in the
2175: <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</p>
2176:
2177: </dd>
2178:
2179: <dt>If the <a href="#content-model-flag">content model flag</a> is set to the PCDATA
2180: state</dt>
2181:
2182: <dd>
2183:
2184: <p>Consume the <a href="#next-input-character">next input character</a>:</p>
2185:
2186: <dl class="switch"><dt>U+0021 EXCLAMATION MARK (!)</dt>
2187: <dd>Switch to the <a href="#markup-declaration-open-state">markup declaration open state</a>.</dd>
2188:
2189: <dt>U+002F SOLIDUS (/)</dt>
2190: <dd>Switch to the <a href="#close-tag-open-state">close tag open state</a>.</dd>
2191:
2192: <dt>U+0041 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A through to U+005A LATIN CAPITAL LETTER Z</dt>
2193: <dd>Create a new start tag token, set its tag name to the
2194: lowercase version of the input character (add 0x0020 to the
2195: character's code point), then switch to the <a href="#tag-name-state">tag name
2196: state</a>. (Don't emit the token yet; further details will
2197: be filled in before it is emitted.)</dd>
2198:
2199: <dt>U+0061 LATIN SMALL LETTER A through to U+007A LATIN SMALL LETTER Z</dt>
2200: <dd>Create a new start tag token, set its tag name to the input
2201: character, then switch to the <a href="#tag-name-state">tag name
2202: state</a>. (Don't emit the token yet; further details will
2203: be filled in before it is emitted.)</dd>
2204:
2205: <dt>U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN (>)</dt>
2206: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Emit a U+003C LESS-THAN SIGN
2207: character token and a U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN character
2208: token. Switch to the <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd>
2209:
2210: <dt>U+003F QUESTION MARK (?)</dt>
2211: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Switch to the <a href="#bogus-comment-state">bogus
2212: comment state</a>.</dd>
2213:
2214: <dt>Anything else</dt>
2215: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Emit a U+003C LESS-THAN SIGN
2216: character token and reconsume the <a href="#current-input-character">current input character</a> in the
2217: <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd>
2218:
2219: </dl></dd>
2220:
2221: </dl><h5 id="close-tag-open-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.4 </span><dfn>Close tag open state</dfn></h5>
2222:
2223: <p>If the <a href="#content-model-flag">content model flag</a> is set to the RCDATA or
1.91 mike 2224: RAWTEXT states but no start tag token has ever been emitted by this
1.1 mike 2225: instance of the tokenizer (<a href="#fragment-case">fragment case</a>), or, if the
1.91 mike 2226: <a href="#content-model-flag">content model flag</a> is set to the RCDATA or RAWTEXT states
1.1 mike 2227: and the next few characters do not match the tag name of the last
2228: start tag token emitted (compared in an <a href="infrastructure.html#ascii-case-insensitive">ASCII
2229: case-insensitive</a> manner), or if they do but they are not
2230: immediately followed by one of the following characters:</p>
2231:
2232: <ul class="brief"><li>U+0009 CHARACTER TABULATION</li>
2233: <li>U+000A LINE FEED (LF)</li>
2234: <li>U+000C FORM FEED (FF)</li>
2235: <!--<li>U+000D CARRIAGE RETURN (CR)</li>-->
2236: <li>U+0020 SPACE</li>
2237: <li>U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN (>)</li>
2238: <li>U+002F SOLIDUS (/)</li>
2239: <li>EOF</li>
2240: </ul><p>...then emit a U+003C LESS-THAN SIGN character token, a U+002F
2241: SOLIDUS character token, and switch to the <a href="#data-state">data state</a>
2242: to process the <a href="#next-input-character">next input character</a>.</p>
2243:
2244: <p>Otherwise, if the <a href="#content-model-flag">content model flag</a> is set to the
2245: PCDATA state, or if the next few characters <em>do</em> match that tag
2246: name, consume the <a href="#next-input-character">next input character</a>:</p>
2247:
2248: <dl class="switch"><dt>U+0041 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A through to U+005A LATIN CAPITAL LETTER Z</dt>
2249: <dd>Create a new end tag token, set its tag name to the lowercase
2250: version of the input character (add 0x0020 to the character's
2251: code point), then switch to the <a href="#tag-name-state">tag name
2252: state</a>. (Don't emit the token yet; further details will be
2253: filled in before it is emitted.)</dd>
2254:
2255: <dt>U+0061 LATIN SMALL LETTER A through to U+007A LATIN SMALL LETTER Z</dt>
2256: <dd>Create a new end tag token, set its tag name to the input
2257: character, then switch to the <a href="#tag-name-state">tag name state</a>. (Don't
2258: emit the token yet; further details will be filled in before it
2259: is emitted.)</dd>
2260:
2261: <dt>U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN (>)</dt>
2262: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Switch to the <a href="#data-state">data
2263: state</a>.</dd>
2264:
2265: <dt>EOF</dt>
2266: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Emit a U+003C LESS-THAN SIGN
2267: character token and a U+002F SOLIDUS character token. Reconsume
2268: the EOF character in the <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd>
2269:
2270: <dt>Anything else</dt>
2271: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Switch to the <a href="#bogus-comment-state">bogus
2272: comment state</a>.</dd>
2273:
2274: </dl><h5 id="tag-name-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.5 </span><dfn>Tag name state</dfn></h5>
2275:
2276: <p>Consume the <a href="#next-input-character">next input character</a>:</p>
2277:
2278: <dl class="switch"><dt>U+0009 CHARACTER TABULATION</dt>
2279: <dt>U+000A LINE FEED (LF)</dt>
2280: <dt>U+000C FORM FEED (FF)</dt>
2281: <!--<dt>U+000D CARRIAGE RETURN (CR)</dt>-->
2282: <dt>U+0020 SPACE</dt>
2283: <dd>Switch to the <a href="#before-attribute-name-state">before attribute name state</a>.</dd>
2284:
2285: <dt>U+002F SOLIDUS (/)</dt>
2286: <dd>Switch to the <a href="#self-closing-start-tag-state">self-closing start tag state</a>.</dd>
2287:
2288: <dt>U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN (>)</dt>
2289: <dd>Emit the current tag token. Switch to the <a href="#data-state">data
2290: state</a>.</dd>
2291:
2292: <dt>U+0041 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A through to U+005A LATIN CAPITAL LETTER Z</dt>
2293: <dd>Append the lowercase version of the <a href="#current-input-character">current input character</a>
2294: (add 0x0020 to the character's code point) to the current tag
2295: token's tag name. Stay in the <a href="#tag-name-state">tag name state</a>.</dd>
2296:
2297: <dt>EOF</dt>
2298: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Reconsume the EOF character in the
2299: <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd>
2300:
2301: <dt>Anything else</dt>
2302: <dd>Append the <a href="#current-input-character">current input character</a> to the current tag token's
2303: tag name. Stay in the <a href="#tag-name-state">tag name state</a>.</dd>
2304:
2305: </dl><h5 id="before-attribute-name-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.6 </span><dfn>Before attribute name state</dfn></h5>
2306:
2307: <p>Consume the <a href="#next-input-character">next input character</a>:</p>
2308:
2309: <dl class="switch"><dt>U+0009 CHARACTER TABULATION</dt>
2310: <dt>U+000A LINE FEED (LF)</dt>
2311: <dt>U+000C FORM FEED (FF)</dt>
2312: <!--<dt>U+000D CARRIAGE RETURN (CR)</dt>-->
2313: <dt>U+0020 SPACE</dt>
2314: <dd>Stay in the <a href="#before-attribute-name-state">before attribute name state</a>.</dd>
2315:
2316: <dt>U+002F SOLIDUS (/)</dt>
2317: <dd>Switch to the <a href="#self-closing-start-tag-state">self-closing start tag state</a>.</dd>
2318:
2319: <dt>U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN (>)</dt>
2320: <dd>Emit the current tag token. Switch to the <a href="#data-state">data
2321: state</a>.</dd>
2322:
2323: <dt>U+0041 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A through to U+005A LATIN CAPITAL LETTER Z</dt>
2324: <dd>Start a new attribute in the current tag token. Set that
2325: attribute's name to the lowercase version of the <a href="#current-input-character">current input
2326: character</a> (add 0x0020 to the character's code point), and its
2327: value to the empty string. Switch to the <a href="#attribute-name-state">attribute name
2328: state</a>.</dd>
2329:
2330: <dt>U+0022 QUOTATION MARK (")</dt>
2331: <dt>U+0027 APOSTROPHE (')</dt>
2332: <dt>U+003C LESS-THAN SIGN (<)</dt>
2333: <dt>U+003D EQUALS SIGN (=)</dt>
2334: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Treat it as per the "anything else"
2335: entry below.</dd>
2336:
2337: <dt>EOF</dt>
2338: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Reconsume the EOF character in the
2339: <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd>
2340:
2341: <dt>Anything else</dt>
2342: <dd>Start a new attribute in the current tag token. Set that
2343: attribute's name to the <a href="#current-input-character">current input character</a>, and its value to
2344: the empty string. Switch to the <a href="#attribute-name-state">attribute name
2345: state</a>.</dd>
2346:
2347: </dl><h5 id="attribute-name-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.7 </span><dfn>Attribute name state</dfn></h5>
2348:
2349: <p>Consume the <a href="#next-input-character">next input character</a>:</p>
2350:
2351: <dl class="switch"><dt>U+0009 CHARACTER TABULATION</dt>
2352: <dt>U+000A LINE FEED (LF)</dt>
2353: <dt>U+000C FORM FEED (FF)</dt>
2354: <!--<dt>U+000D CARRIAGE RETURN (CR)</dt>-->
2355: <dt>U+0020 SPACE</dt>
2356: <dd>Switch to the <a href="#after-attribute-name-state">after attribute name state</a>.</dd>
2357:
2358: <dt>U+002F SOLIDUS (/)</dt>
2359: <dd>Switch to the <a href="#self-closing-start-tag-state">self-closing start tag state</a>.</dd>
2360:
2361: <dt>U+003D EQUALS SIGN (=)</dt>
2362: <dd>Switch to the <a href="#before-attribute-value-state">before attribute value state</a>.</dd>
2363:
2364: <dt>U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN (>)</dt>
2365: <dd>Emit the current tag token. Switch to the <a href="#data-state">data
2366: state</a>.</dd>
2367:
2368: <dt>U+0041 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A through to U+005A LATIN CAPITAL LETTER Z</dt>
2369: <dd>Append the lowercase version of the <a href="#current-input-character">current input character</a>
2370: (add 0x0020 to the character's code point) to the current
2371: attribute's name. Stay in the <a href="#attribute-name-state">attribute name
2372: state</a>.</dd>
2373:
2374: <dt>U+0022 QUOTATION MARK (")</dt>
2375: <dt>U+0027 APOSTROPHE (')</dt>
2376: <dt>U+003C LESS-THAN SIGN (<)</dt>
2377: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Treat it as per the "anything else"
2378: entry below.</dd>
2379:
2380: <dt>EOF</dt>
2381: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Reconsume the EOF character in the
2382: <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd>
2383:
2384: <dt>Anything else</dt>
2385: <dd>Append the <a href="#current-input-character">current input character</a> to the current attribute's
2386: name. Stay in the <a href="#attribute-name-state">attribute name state</a>.</dd>
2387:
2388: </dl><p>When the user agent leaves the attribute name state (and before
2389: emitting the tag token, if appropriate), the complete attribute's
2390: name must be compared to the other attributes on the same token;
2391: if there is already an attribute on the token with the exact same
2392: name, then this is a <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a> and the new
2393: attribute must be dropped, along with the value that gets
2394: associated with it (if any).</p>
2395:
2396:
2397: <h5 id="after-attribute-name-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.8 </span><dfn>After attribute name state</dfn></h5>
2398:
2399: <p>Consume the <a href="#next-input-character">next input character</a>:</p>
2400:
2401: <dl class="switch"><dt>U+0009 CHARACTER TABULATION</dt>
2402: <dt>U+000A LINE FEED (LF)</dt>
2403: <dt>U+000C FORM FEED (FF)</dt>
2404: <!--<dt>U+000D CARRIAGE RETURN (CR)</dt>-->
2405: <dt>U+0020 SPACE</dt>
2406: <dd>Stay in the <a href="#after-attribute-name-state">after attribute name state</a>.</dd>
2407:
2408: <dt>U+002F SOLIDUS (/)</dt>
2409: <dd>Switch to the <a href="#self-closing-start-tag-state">self-closing start tag state</a>.</dd>
2410:
2411: <dt>U+003D EQUALS SIGN (=)</dt>
2412: <dd>Switch to the <a href="#before-attribute-value-state">before attribute value state</a>.</dd>
2413:
2414: <dt>U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN (>)</dt>
2415: <dd>Emit the current tag token. Switch to the <a href="#data-state">data
2416: state</a>.</dd>
2417:
2418: <dt>U+0041 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A through to U+005A LATIN CAPITAL LETTER Z</dt>
2419: <dd>Start a new attribute in the current tag token. Set that
2420: attribute's name to the lowercase version of the <a href="#current-input-character">current input character</a>
2421: (add 0x0020 to the character's code point), and its value to
2422: the empty string. Switch to the <a href="#attribute-name-state">attribute name
2423: state</a>.</dd>
2424:
2425: <dt>U+0022 QUOTATION MARK (")</dt>
2426: <dt>U+0027 APOSTROPHE (')</dt>
2427: <dt>U+003C LESS-THAN SIGN (<)</dt>
2428: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Treat it as per the "anything else"
2429: entry below.</dd>
2430:
2431: <dt>EOF</dt>
2432: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Reconsume the EOF character in the
2433: <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd>
2434:
2435: <dt>Anything else</dt>
2436: <dd>Start a new attribute in the current tag token. Set that
2437: attribute's name to the <a href="#current-input-character">current input character</a>, and its value to
2438: the empty string. Switch to the <a href="#attribute-name-state">attribute name
2439: state</a>.</dd>
2440:
2441: </dl><h5 id="before-attribute-value-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.9 </span><dfn>Before attribute value state</dfn></h5>
2442:
2443: <p>Consume the <a href="#next-input-character">next input character</a>:</p>
2444:
2445: <dl class="switch"><dt>U+0009 CHARACTER TABULATION</dt>
2446: <dt>U+000A LINE FEED (LF)</dt>
2447: <dt>U+000C FORM FEED (FF)</dt>
2448: <!--<dt>U+000D CARRIAGE RETURN (CR)</dt>-->
2449: <dt>U+0020 SPACE</dt>
2450: <dd>Stay in the <a href="#before-attribute-value-state">before attribute value state</a>.</dd>
2451:
2452: <dt>U+0022 QUOTATION MARK (")</dt>
2453: <dd>Switch to the <a href="#attribute-value-double-quoted-state">attribute value (double-quoted) state</a>.</dd>
2454:
2455: <dt>U+0026 AMPERSAND (&)</dt>
2456: <dd>Switch to the <a href="#attribute-value-unquoted-state">attribute value (unquoted) state</a>
2457: and reconsume this input character.</dd>
2458:
2459: <dt>U+0027 APOSTROPHE (')</dt>
2460: <dd>Switch to the <a href="#attribute-value-single-quoted-state">attribute value (single-quoted) state</a>.</dd>
2461:
2462: <dt>U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN (>)</dt>
2463: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Emit the current tag token. Switch to
2464: the <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd>
2465:
2466: <dt>U+003C LESS-THAN SIGN (<)</dt>
2467: <dt>U+003D EQUALS SIGN (=)</dt>
2468: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Treat it as per the "anything else"
2469: entry below.</dd>
2470:
2471: <dt>EOF</dt>
2472: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Reconsume the EOF character in the
2473: <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd>
2474:
2475: <dt>Anything else</dt>
2476: <dd>Append the <a href="#current-input-character">current input character</a> to the current
2477: attribute's value. Switch to the <a href="#attribute-value-unquoted-state">attribute value (unquoted)
2478: state</a>.</dd>
2479:
2480: </dl><h5 id="attribute-value-double-quoted-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.10 </span><dfn>Attribute value (double-quoted) state</dfn></h5>
2481:
2482: <p>Consume the <a href="#next-input-character">next input character</a>:</p>
2483:
2484: <dl class="switch"><dt>U+0022 QUOTATION MARK (")</dt>
2485: <dd>Switch to the <a href="#after-attribute-value-quoted-state">after attribute value (quoted)
2486: state</a>.</dd>
2487:
2488: <dt>U+0026 AMPERSAND (&)</dt>
2489: <dd>Switch to the <a href="#character-reference-in-attribute-value-state">character reference in attribute value
2490: state</a>, with the <a href="#additional-allowed-character">additional allowed character</a>
2491: being U+0022 QUOTATION MARK (").</dd>
2492:
2493: <dt>EOF</dt>
2494: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Reconsume the EOF character in the
2495: <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd>
2496:
2497: <dt>Anything else</dt>
2498: <dd>Append the <a href="#current-input-character">current input character</a> to the current attribute's
2499: value. Stay in the <a href="#attribute-value-double-quoted-state">attribute value (double-quoted)
2500: state</a>.</dd>
2501:
2502: </dl><h5 id="attribute-value-single-quoted-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.11 </span><dfn>Attribute value (single-quoted) state</dfn></h5>
2503:
2504: <p>Consume the <a href="#next-input-character">next input character</a>:</p>
2505:
2506: <dl class="switch"><dt>U+0027 APOSTROPHE (')</dt>
2507: <dd>Switch to the <a href="#after-attribute-value-quoted-state">after attribute value (quoted)
2508: state</a>.</dd>
2509:
2510: <dt>U+0026 AMPERSAND (&)</dt>
2511: <dd>Switch to the <a href="#character-reference-in-attribute-value-state">character reference in attribute value
2512: state</a>, with the <a href="#additional-allowed-character">additional allowed character</a>
2513: being U+0027 APOSTROPHE (').</dd>
2514:
2515: <dt>EOF</dt>
2516: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Reconsume the EOF character in the
2517: <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd>
2518:
2519: <dt>Anything else</dt>
2520: <dd>Append the <a href="#current-input-character">current input character</a> to the current attribute's
2521: value. Stay in the <a href="#attribute-value-single-quoted-state">attribute value (single-quoted)
2522: state</a>.</dd>
2523:
2524: </dl><h5 id="attribute-value-unquoted-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.12 </span><dfn>Attribute value (unquoted) state</dfn></h5>
2525:
2526: <p>Consume the <a href="#next-input-character">next input character</a>:</p>
2527:
2528: <dl class="switch"><dt>U+0009 CHARACTER TABULATION</dt>
2529: <dt>U+000A LINE FEED (LF)</dt>
2530: <dt>U+000C FORM FEED (FF)</dt>
2531: <!--<dt>U+000D CARRIAGE RETURN (CR)</dt>-->
2532: <dt>U+0020 SPACE</dt>
2533: <dd>Switch to the <a href="#before-attribute-name-state">before attribute name state</a>.</dd>
2534:
2535: <dt>U+0026 AMPERSAND (&)</dt>
2536: <dd>Switch to the <a href="#character-reference-in-attribute-value-state">character reference in attribute value
2537: state</a>, with no <a href="#additional-allowed-character">additional allowed
2538: character</a>.</dd>
2539:
2540: <dt>U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN (>)</dt>
2541: <dd>Emit the current tag token. Switch to the <a href="#data-state">data
2542: state</a>.</dd>
2543:
2544: <dt>U+0022 QUOTATION MARK (")</dt>
2545: <dt>U+0027 APOSTROPHE (')</dt>
2546: <dt>U+003C LESS-THAN SIGN (<)</dt>
2547: <dt>U+003D EQUALS SIGN (=)</dt>
2548: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Treat it as per the "anything else"
2549: entry below.</dd>
2550:
2551: <dt>EOF</dt>
2552: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Reconsume the EOF character in the
2553: <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd>
2554:
2555: <dt>Anything else</dt>
2556: <dd>Append the <a href="#current-input-character">current input character</a> to the current attribute's
2557: value. Stay in the <a href="#attribute-value-unquoted-state">attribute value (unquoted)
2558: state</a>.</dd>
2559:
2560: </dl><h5 id="character-reference-in-attribute-value-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.13 </span><dfn>Character reference in attribute value state</dfn></h5>
2561:
2562: <p>Attempt to <a href="#consume-a-character-reference">consume a character reference</a>.</p>
2563:
2564: <p>If nothing is returned, append a U+0026 AMPERSAND character to
2565: the current attribute's value.</p>
2566:
2567: <p>Otherwise, append the returned character token to the current
2568: attribute's value.</p>
2569:
2570: <p>Finally, switch back to the attribute value state that you were
2571: in when were switched into this state.</p>
2572:
2573:
2574: <h5 id="after-attribute-value-quoted-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.14 </span><dfn>After attribute value (quoted) state</dfn></h5>
2575:
2576: <p>Consume the <a href="#next-input-character">next input character</a>:</p>
2577:
2578: <dl class="switch"><dt>U+0009 CHARACTER TABULATION</dt>
2579: <dt>U+000A LINE FEED (LF)</dt>
2580: <dt>U+000C FORM FEED (FF)</dt>
2581: <!--<dt>U+000D CARRIAGE RETURN (CR)</dt>-->
2582: <dt>U+0020 SPACE</dt>
2583: <dd>Switch to the <a href="#before-attribute-name-state">before attribute name state</a>.</dd>
2584:
2585: <dt>U+002F SOLIDUS (/)</dt>
2586: <dd>Switch to the <a href="#self-closing-start-tag-state">self-closing start tag state</a>.</dd>
2587:
2588: <dt>U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN (>)</dt>
2589: <dd>Emit the current tag token. Switch to the <a href="#data-state">data
2590: state</a>.</dd>
2591:
2592: <dt>EOF</dt>
2593: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Reconsume the EOF character in the
2594: <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd>
2595:
2596: <dt>Anything else</dt>
2597: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Reconsume the character in
2598: the <a href="#before-attribute-name-state">before attribute name state</a>.</dd>
2599:
2600: </dl><h5 id="self-closing-start-tag-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.15 </span><dfn>Self-closing start tag state</dfn></h5>
2601:
2602: <p>Consume the <a href="#next-input-character">next input character</a>:</p>
2603:
2604: <dl class="switch"><dt>U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN (>)</dt>
2605: <dd>Set the <i>self-closing flag</i> of the current tag
2606: token. Emit the current tag token. Switch to the <a href="#data-state">data
2607: state</a>.</dd>
2608:
2609: <dt>EOF</dt>
2610: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Reconsume the EOF character in the
2611: <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd>
2612:
2613: <dt>Anything else</dt>
2614: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Reconsume the character in
2615: the <a href="#before-attribute-name-state">before attribute name state</a>.</dd>
2616:
2617: </dl><h5 id="bogus-comment-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.16 </span><dfn>Bogus comment state</dfn></h5>
2618:
2619: <p><i>(This can only happen if the <a href="#content-model-flag">content model
2620: flag</a> is set to the PCDATA state.)</i></p>
2621:
2622: <p>Consume every character up to and including the first U+003E
2623: GREATER-THAN SIGN character (>) or the end of the file (EOF),
2624: whichever comes first. Emit a comment token whose data is the
2625: concatenation of all the characters starting from and including
2626: the character that caused the state machine to switch into the
2627: bogus comment state, up to and including the character immediately
2628: before the last consumed character (i.e. up to the character just
2629: before the U+003E or EOF character). (If the comment was started
2630: by the end of the file (EOF), the token is empty.)</p>
2631:
2632: <p>Switch to the <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</p>
2633:
2634: <p>If the end of the file was reached, reconsume the EOF
2635: character.</p>
2636:
2637:
2638: <h5 id="markup-declaration-open-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.17 </span><dfn>Markup declaration open state</dfn></h5>
2639:
2640: <p><i>(This can only happen if the <a href="#content-model-flag">content model
2641: flag</a> is set to the PCDATA state.)</i></p>
2642:
2643: <p>If the next two characters are both U+002D HYPHEN-MINUS (-)
2644: characters, consume those two characters, create a comment token
2645: whose data is the empty string, and switch to the <a href="#comment-start-state">comment
2646: start state</a>.</p>
2647:
2648: <p>Otherwise, if the next seven characters are an <a href="infrastructure.html#ascii-case-insensitive">ASCII
2649: case-insensitive</a> match for the word "DOCTYPE", then consume
2650: those characters and switch to the <a href="#doctype-state">DOCTYPE state</a>.</p>
2651:
2652: <p>Otherwise, if the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> is "<a href="#parsing-main-inforeign" title="insertion mode: in foreign content">in foreign
2653: content</a>" and the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> is not an element
2654: in the <a href="#html-namespace-0">HTML namespace</a> and the next seven characters are
2655: an <span>ASCII case-sensitive</span> match for the string "[CDATA["
2656: (the five uppercase letters "CDATA" with a U+005B LEFT SQUARE
2657: BRACKET character before and after), then consume those characters
1.91 mike 2658: and switch to the <a href="#cdata-section-state">CDATA section state</a>.</p>
1.1 mike 2659:
2660: <p>Otherwise, this is a <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a>. Switch to the
2661: <a href="#bogus-comment-state">bogus comment state</a>. The next character that is
2662: consumed, if any, is the first character that will be in the
2663: comment.</p>
2664:
2665:
2666: <h5 id="comment-start-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.18 </span><dfn>Comment start state</dfn></h5>
2667:
2668: <p>Consume the <a href="#next-input-character">next input character</a>:</p>
2669:
2670: <dl class="switch"><dt>U+002D HYPHEN-MINUS (-)</dt>
2671: <dd>Switch to the <a href="#comment-start-dash-state">comment start dash state</a>.</dd>
2672:
2673: <dt>U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN (>)</dt>
2674: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Emit the comment token. Switch to the
2675: <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd> <!-- see comment in comment end state
2676: -->
2677:
2678: <dt>EOF</dt>
2679: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Emit the comment token. Reconsume
2680: the EOF character in the <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd>
2681:
2682: <dt>Anything else</dt>
2683: <dd>Append the input character to the comment token's
2684: data. Switch to the <a href="#comment-state">comment state</a>.</dd>
2685:
2686: </dl><h5 id="comment-start-dash-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.19 </span><dfn>Comment start dash state</dfn></h5>
2687:
2688: <p>Consume the <a href="#next-input-character">next input character</a>:</p>
2689:
2690: <dl class="switch"><dt>U+002D HYPHEN-MINUS (-)</dt>
2691: <dd>Switch to the <a href="#comment-end-state">comment end state</a></dd>
2692:
2693: <dt>U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN (>)</dt>
2694: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Emit the comment token. Switch to
2695: the <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd>
2696:
2697: <dt>EOF</dt>
2698: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Emit the comment token. Reconsume the
2699: EOF character in the <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd> <!-- see comment
2700: in comment end state -->
2701:
2702: <dt>Anything else</dt>
2703: <dd>Append a U+002D HYPHEN-MINUS (-) character and the input
2704: character to the comment token's data. Switch to the
2705: <a href="#comment-state">comment state</a>.</dd>
2706:
2707: </dl><h5 id="comment-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.20 </span><dfn id="comment">Comment state</dfn></h5>
2708:
2709: <p>Consume the <a href="#next-input-character">next input character</a>:</p>
2710:
2711: <dl class="switch"><dt>U+002D HYPHEN-MINUS (-)</dt>
2712: <dd>Switch to the <a href="#comment-end-dash-state">comment end dash state</a></dd>
2713:
2714: <dt>EOF</dt>
2715: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Emit the comment token. Reconsume the
2716: EOF character in the <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd> <!-- see comment
2717: in comment end state -->
2718:
2719: <dt>Anything else</dt>
2720: <dd>Append the input character to the comment token's data. Stay
2721: in the <a href="#comment-state">comment state</a>.</dd>
2722:
2723: </dl><h5 id="comment-end-dash-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.21 </span><dfn>Comment end dash state</dfn></h5>
2724:
2725: <p>Consume the <a href="#next-input-character">next input character</a>:</p>
2726:
2727: <dl class="switch"><dt>U+002D HYPHEN-MINUS (-)</dt>
2728: <dd>Switch to the <a href="#comment-end-state">comment end state</a></dd>
2729:
2730: <dt>EOF</dt>
2731: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Emit the comment token. Reconsume the
2732: EOF character in the <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd> <!-- see comment
2733: in comment end state -->
2734:
2735: <dt>Anything else</dt>
2736: <dd>Append a U+002D HYPHEN-MINUS (-) character and the input
2737: character to the comment token's data. Switch to the
2738: <a href="#comment-state">comment state</a>.</dd>
2739:
2740: </dl><h5 id="comment-end-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.22 </span><dfn>Comment end state</dfn></h5>
2741:
2742: <p>Consume the <a href="#next-input-character">next input character</a>:</p>
2743:
2744: <dl class="switch"><dt>U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN (>)</dt>
2745: <dd>Emit the comment token. Switch to the <a href="#data-state">data
2746: state</a>.</dd>
2747:
2748: <dt>U+002D HYPHEN-MINUS (-)</dt>
2749: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Append a U+002D HYPHEN-MINUS
2750: (-) character to the comment token's data. Stay in the
2751: <a href="#comment-end-state">comment end state</a>.</dd>
2752:
2753: <dt>U+0009 CHARACTER TABULATION</dt>
2754: <dt>U+000A LINE FEED (LF)</dt>
2755: <dt>U+000C FORM FEED (FF)</dt>
2756: <!--<dt>U+000D CARRIAGE RETURN (CR)</dt>-->
2757: <dt>U+0020 SPACE</dt>
2758: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Append two U+002D HYPHEN-MINUS (-)
2759: characters and the input character to the comment token's
2760: data. Switch to the <a href="#comment-end-space-state">comment end space state</a>.</dd>
2761:
2762: <dt>U+0021 EXCLAMATION MARK (!)</dt>
2763: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Switch to the <a href="#comment-end-bang-state">comment end bang
2764: state</a>.</dd>
2765:
2766: <dt>EOF</dt>
2767: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Emit the comment token. Reconsume
2768: the EOF character in the <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd> <!-- For
2769: security reasons: otherwise, hostile user could put a <script> in
2770: a comment e.g. in a blog comment and then DOS the server so that
2771: the end tag isn't read, and then the commented <script> tag would
2772: be treated as live code -->
2773:
2774: <dt>Anything else</dt>
2775: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Append two U+002D HYPHEN-MINUS (-)
2776: characters and the input character to the comment token's
2777: data. Switch to the <a href="#comment-state">comment state</a>.</dd>
2778:
2779: </dl><h5 id="comment-end-bang-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.23 </span><dfn>Comment end bang state</dfn></h5>
2780:
2781: <p>Consume the <a href="#next-input-character">next input character</a>:</p>
2782:
2783: <dl class="switch"><dt>U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN (>)</dt>
2784: <dd>Emit the comment token. Switch to the <a href="#data-state">data
2785: state</a>.</dd>
2786:
2787: <dt>U+002D HYPHEN-MINUS (-)</dt>
2788: <dd>Append two U+002D HYPHEN-MINUS (-) characters and a U+0021
2789: EXCLAMATION MARK (!) character to the comment token's data. Switch
2790: to the <a href="#comment-end-dash-state">comment end dash state</a>.</dd>
2791:
2792: <dt>EOF</dt>
2793: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Emit the comment token. Reconsume
2794: the EOF character in the <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd> <!-- see
2795: comment in comment end state -->
2796:
2797: <dt>Anything else</dt>
2798: <dd>Append two U+002D HYPHEN-MINUS (-) characters, a U+0021
2799: EXCLAMATION MARK (!) character, and the input character to the
2800: comment token's data. Switch to the <a href="#comment-state">comment
2801: state</a>.</dd>
2802:
2803: </dl><h5 id="comment-end-space-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.24 </span><dfn>Comment end space state</dfn></h5>
2804:
2805: <p>Consume the <a href="#next-input-character">next input character</a>:</p>
2806:
2807: <dl class="switch"><dt>U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN (>)</dt>
2808: <dd>Emit the comment token. Switch to the <a href="#data-state">data
2809: state</a>.</dd>
2810:
2811: <dt>U+002D HYPHEN-MINUS (-)</dt>
2812: <dd>Switch to the <a href="#comment-end-dash-state">comment end dash state</a>.</dd>
2813:
2814: <dt>U+0009 CHARACTER TABULATION</dt>
2815: <dt>U+000A LINE FEED (LF)</dt>
2816: <dt>U+000C FORM FEED (FF)</dt>
2817: <!--<dt>U+000D CARRIAGE RETURN (CR)</dt>-->
2818: <dt>U+0020 SPACE</dt>
2819: <dd>Append the input character to the comment token's data. Stay in
2820: the <a href="#comment-end-space-state">comment end space state</a>.</dd>
2821:
2822: <dt>EOF</dt>
2823: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Emit the comment token. Reconsume
2824: the EOF character in the <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd> <!-- see
2825: comment in comment end state -->
2826:
2827: <dt>Anything else</dt>
2828: <dd>Append the input character to the comment token's data. Switch
2829: to the <a href="#comment-state">comment state</a>.</dd>
2830:
2831: </dl><h5 id="doctype-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.25 </span><dfn>DOCTYPE state</dfn></h5>
2832:
2833: <p>Consume the <a href="#next-input-character">next input character</a>:</p>
2834:
2835: <dl class="switch"><dt>U+0009 CHARACTER TABULATION</dt>
2836: <dt>U+000A LINE FEED (LF)</dt>
2837: <dt>U+000C FORM FEED (FF)</dt>
2838: <!--<dt>U+000D CARRIAGE RETURN (CR)</dt>-->
2839: <dt>U+0020 SPACE</dt>
2840: <dd>Switch to the <a href="#before-doctype-name-state">before DOCTYPE name state</a>.</dd>
2841:
2842: <dt>EOF</dt>
2843: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Create a new DOCTYPE token. Set its
2844: <i>force-quirks flag</i> to <i>on</i>. Emit the token. Reconsume
2845: the EOF character in the <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd>
2846:
2847: <dt>Anything else</dt>
2848: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Reconsume the current
2849: character in the <a href="#before-doctype-name-state">before DOCTYPE name state</a>.</dd>
2850:
2851: </dl><h5 id="before-doctype-name-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.26 </span><dfn>Before DOCTYPE name state</dfn></h5>
2852:
2853: <p>Consume the <a href="#next-input-character">next input character</a>:</p>
2854:
2855: <dl class="switch"><dt>U+0009 CHARACTER TABULATION</dt>
2856: <dt>U+000A LINE FEED (LF)</dt>
2857: <dt>U+000C FORM FEED (FF)</dt>
2858: <!--<dt>U+000D CARRIAGE RETURN (CR)</dt>-->
2859: <dt>U+0020 SPACE</dt>
2860: <dd>Stay in the <a href="#before-doctype-name-state">before DOCTYPE name state</a>.</dd>
2861:
2862: <dt>U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN (>)</dt>
2863: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Create a new DOCTYPE token. Set its
2864: <i>force-quirks flag</i> to <i>on</i>. Emit the token. Switch to
2865: the <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd>
2866:
2867: <dt>U+0041 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A through to U+005A LATIN CAPITAL LETTER Z</dt>
2868: <dd>Create a new DOCTYPE token. Set the token's name to the
2869: lowercase version of the input character (add 0x0020 to the
2870: character's code point). Switch to the <a href="#doctype-name-state">DOCTYPE name
2871: state</a>.</dd>
2872:
2873: <dt>EOF</dt>
2874: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Create a new DOCTYPE token. Set its
2875: <i>force-quirks flag</i> to <i>on</i>. Emit the token. Reconsume
2876: the EOF character in the <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd>
2877:
2878: <dt>Anything else</dt>
2879: <dd>Create a new DOCTYPE token. Set the token's name to the
2880: <a href="#current-input-character">current input character</a>. Switch to the <a href="#doctype-name-state">DOCTYPE name
2881: state</a>.</dd>
2882:
2883: </dl><h5 id="doctype-name-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.27 </span><dfn>DOCTYPE name state</dfn></h5>
2884:
2885: <p>Consume the <a href="#next-input-character">next input character</a>:</p>
2886:
2887: <dl class="switch"><dt>U+0009 CHARACTER TABULATION</dt>
2888: <dt>U+000A LINE FEED (LF)</dt>
2889: <dt>U+000C FORM FEED (FF)</dt>
2890: <!--<dt>U+000D CARRIAGE RETURN (CR)</dt>-->
2891: <dt>U+0020 SPACE</dt>
2892: <dd>Switch to the <a href="#after-doctype-name-state">after DOCTYPE name state</a>.</dd>
2893:
2894: <dt>U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN (>)</dt>
2895: <dd>Emit the current DOCTYPE token. Switch to the <a href="#data-state">data
2896: state</a>.</dd>
2897:
2898: <dt>U+0041 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A through to U+005A LATIN CAPITAL LETTER Z</dt>
2899: <dd>Append the lowercase version of the input character (add 0x0020
2900: to the character's code point) to the current DOCTYPE token's
2901: name. Stay in the <a href="#doctype-name-state">DOCTYPE name state</a>.</dd>
2902:
2903: <dt>EOF</dt>
2904: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Set the DOCTYPE token's
2905: <i>force-quirks flag</i> to <i>on</i>. Emit that DOCTYPE token.
2906: Reconsume the EOF character in the <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd>
2907:
2908: <dt>Anything else</dt>
2909: <dd>Append the <a href="#current-input-character">current input character</a> to the current DOCTYPE
2910: token's name. Stay in the <a href="#doctype-name-state">DOCTYPE name state</a>.</dd>
2911:
2912: </dl><h5 id="after-doctype-name-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.28 </span><dfn>After DOCTYPE name state</dfn></h5>
2913:
2914: <p>Consume the <a href="#next-input-character">next input character</a>:</p>
2915:
2916: <dl class="switch"><dt>U+0009 CHARACTER TABULATION</dt>
2917: <dt>U+000A LINE FEED (LF)</dt>
2918: <dt>U+000C FORM FEED (FF)</dt>
2919: <!--<dt>U+000D CARRIAGE RETURN (CR)</dt>-->
2920: <dt>U+0020 SPACE</dt>
2921: <dd>Stay in the <a href="#after-doctype-name-state">after DOCTYPE name state</a>.</dd>
2922:
2923: <dt>U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN (>)</dt>
2924: <dd>Emit the current DOCTYPE token. Switch to the <a href="#data-state">data
2925: state</a>.</dd>
2926:
2927: <dt>EOF</dt>
2928: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Set the DOCTYPE token's
2929: <i>force-quirks flag</i> to <i>on</i>. Emit that DOCTYPE token.
2930: Reconsume the EOF character in the <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd>
2931:
2932: <dt>Anything else</dt>
2933: <dd>
2934:
2935: <p>If the six characters starting from the <a href="#current-input-character">current input
2936: character</a> are an <a href="infrastructure.html#ascii-case-insensitive">ASCII case-insensitive</a> match
2937: for the word "PUBLIC", then consume those characters and switch to
2938: the <a href="#before-doctype-public-identifier-state">before DOCTYPE public identifier state</a>.</p>
2939:
2940: <p>Otherwise, if the six characters starting from the
2941: <a href="#current-input-character">current input character</a> are an <a href="infrastructure.html#ascii-case-insensitive">ASCII
2942: case-insensitive</a> match for the word "SYSTEM", then consume
2943: those characters and switch to the <a href="#before-doctype-system-identifier-state">before DOCTYPE system
2944: identifier state</a>.</p>
2945:
2946: <p>Otherwise, this is the <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a>. Set the
2947: DOCTYPE token's <i>force-quirks flag</i> to <i>on</i>. Switch to
2948: the <a href="#bogus-doctype-state">bogus DOCTYPE state</a>.</p>
2949:
2950: </dd>
2951:
2952: </dl><h5 id="before-doctype-public-identifier-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.29 </span><dfn>Before DOCTYPE public identifier state</dfn></h5>
2953:
2954: <p>Consume the <a href="#next-input-character">next input character</a>:</p>
2955:
2956: <dl class="switch"><dt>U+0009 CHARACTER TABULATION</dt>
2957: <dt>U+000A LINE FEED (LF)</dt>
2958: <dt>U+000C FORM FEED (FF)</dt>
2959: <!--<dt>U+000D CARRIAGE RETURN (CR)</dt>-->
2960: <dt>U+0020 SPACE</dt>
2961: <dd>Stay in the <a href="#before-doctype-public-identifier-state">before DOCTYPE public identifier state</a>.</dd>
2962:
2963: <dt>U+0022 QUOTATION MARK (")</dt>
2964: <dd>Set the DOCTYPE token's public identifier to the empty string
2965: (not missing), then switch to the <a href="#doctype-public-identifier-double-quoted-state">DOCTYPE public identifier
2966: (double-quoted) state</a>.</dd>
2967:
2968: <dt>U+0027 APOSTROPHE (')</dt>
2969: <dd>Set the DOCTYPE token's public identifier to the empty string
2970: (not missing), then switch to the <a href="#doctype-public-identifier-single-quoted-state">DOCTYPE public identifier
2971: (single-quoted) state</a>.</dd>
2972:
2973: <dt>U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN (>)</dt>
2974: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Set the DOCTYPE token's
2975: <i>force-quirks flag</i> to <i>on</i>. Emit that DOCTYPE
2976: token. Switch to the <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd>
2977:
2978: <dt>EOF</dt>
2979: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Set the DOCTYPE token's
2980: <i>force-quirks flag</i> to <i>on</i>. Emit that DOCTYPE token.
2981: Reconsume the EOF character in the <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd>
2982:
2983: <dt>Anything else</dt>
2984: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Set the DOCTYPE token's
2985: <i>force-quirks flag</i> to <i>on</i>. Switch to the <a href="#bogus-doctype-state">bogus
2986: DOCTYPE state</a>.</dd>
2987:
2988: </dl><h5 id="doctype-public-identifier-double-quoted-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.30 </span><dfn>DOCTYPE public identifier (double-quoted) state</dfn></h5>
2989:
2990: <p>Consume the <a href="#next-input-character">next input character</a>:</p>
2991:
2992: <dl class="switch"><dt>U+0022 QUOTATION MARK (")</dt>
2993: <dd>Switch to the <a href="#after-doctype-public-identifier-state">after DOCTYPE public identifier state</a>.</dd>
2994:
2995: <dt>U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN (>)</dt>
2996: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Set the DOCTYPE token's
2997: <i>force-quirks flag</i> to <i>on</i>. Emit that DOCTYPE
2998: token. Switch to the <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd>
2999:
3000: <dt>EOF</dt>
3001: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Set the DOCTYPE token's
3002: <i>force-quirks flag</i> to <i>on</i>. Emit that DOCTYPE token.
3003: Reconsume the EOF character in the <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd>
3004:
3005: <dt>Anything else</dt>
3006: <dd>Append the <a href="#current-input-character">current input character</a> to the current DOCTYPE
3007: token's public identifier. Stay in the <a href="#doctype-public-identifier-double-quoted-state">DOCTYPE public
3008: identifier (double-quoted) state</a>.</dd>
3009:
3010: </dl><h5 id="doctype-public-identifier-single-quoted-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.31 </span><dfn>DOCTYPE public identifier (single-quoted) state</dfn></h5>
3011:
3012: <p>Consume the <a href="#next-input-character">next input character</a>:</p>
3013:
3014: <dl class="switch"><dt>U+0027 APOSTROPHE (')</dt>
3015: <dd>Switch to the <a href="#after-doctype-public-identifier-state">after DOCTYPE public identifier state</a>.</dd>
3016:
3017: <dt>U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN (>)</dt>
3018: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Set the DOCTYPE token's
3019: <i>force-quirks flag</i> to <i>on</i>. Emit that DOCTYPE
3020: token. Switch to the <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd>
3021:
3022: <dt>EOF</dt>
3023: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Set the DOCTYPE token's
3024: <i>force-quirks flag</i> to <i>on</i>. Emit that DOCTYPE token.
3025: Reconsume the EOF character in the <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd>
3026:
3027: <dt>Anything else</dt>
3028: <dd>Append the <a href="#current-input-character">current input character</a> to the current DOCTYPE
3029: token's public identifier. Stay in the <a href="#doctype-public-identifier-single-quoted-state">DOCTYPE public
3030: identifier (single-quoted) state</a>.</dd>
3031:
3032: </dl><h5 id="after-doctype-public-identifier-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.32 </span><dfn>After DOCTYPE public identifier state</dfn></h5>
3033:
3034: <p>Consume the <a href="#next-input-character">next input character</a>:</p>
3035:
3036: <dl class="switch"><dt>U+0009 CHARACTER TABULATION</dt>
3037: <dt>U+000A LINE FEED (LF)</dt>
3038: <dt>U+000C FORM FEED (FF)</dt>
3039: <!--<dt>U+000D CARRIAGE RETURN (CR)</dt>-->
3040: <dt>U+0020 SPACE</dt>
3041: <dd>Stay in the <a href="#after-doctype-public-identifier-state">after DOCTYPE public identifier state</a>.</dd>
3042:
3043: <dt>U+0022 QUOTATION MARK (")</dt>
3044: <dd>Set the DOCTYPE token's system identifier to the empty string
3045: (not missing), then switch to the <a href="#doctype-system-identifier-double-quoted-state">DOCTYPE system identifier
3046: (double-quoted) state</a>.</dd>
3047:
3048: <dt>U+0027 APOSTROPHE (')</dt>
3049: <dd>Set the DOCTYPE token's system identifier to the empty string
3050: (not missing), then switch to the <a href="#doctype-system-identifier-single-quoted-state">DOCTYPE system identifier
3051: (single-quoted) state</a>.</dd>
3052:
3053: <dt>U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN (>)</dt>
3054: <dd>Emit the current DOCTYPE token. Switch to the <a href="#data-state">data
3055: state</a>.</dd>
3056:
3057: <dt>EOF</dt>
3058: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Set the DOCTYPE token's
3059: <i>force-quirks flag</i> to <i>on</i>. Emit that DOCTYPE token.
3060: Reconsume the EOF character in the <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd>
3061:
3062: <dt>Anything else</dt>
3063: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Set the DOCTYPE token's
3064: <i>force-quirks flag</i> to <i>on</i>. Switch to the <a href="#bogus-doctype-state">bogus
3065: DOCTYPE state</a>.</dd>
3066:
3067: </dl><h5 id="before-doctype-system-identifier-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.33 </span><dfn>Before DOCTYPE system identifier state</dfn></h5>
3068:
3069: <p>Consume the <a href="#next-input-character">next input character</a>:</p>
3070:
3071: <dl class="switch"><dt>U+0009 CHARACTER TABULATION</dt>
3072: <dt>U+000A LINE FEED (LF)</dt>
3073: <dt>U+000C FORM FEED (FF)</dt>
3074: <!--<dt>U+000D CARRIAGE RETURN (CR)</dt>-->
3075: <dt>U+0020 SPACE</dt>
3076: <dd>Stay in the <a href="#before-doctype-system-identifier-state">before DOCTYPE system identifier state</a>.</dd>
3077:
3078: <dt>U+0022 QUOTATION MARK (")</dt>
3079: <dd>Set the DOCTYPE token's system identifier to the empty string
3080: (not missing), then switch to the <a href="#doctype-system-identifier-double-quoted-state">DOCTYPE system identifier
3081: (double-quoted) state</a>.</dd>
3082:
3083: <dt>U+0027 APOSTROPHE (')</dt>
3084: <dd>Set the DOCTYPE token's system identifier to the empty string
3085: (not missing), then switch to the <a href="#doctype-system-identifier-single-quoted-state">DOCTYPE system identifier
3086: (single-quoted) state</a>.</dd>
3087:
3088: <dt>U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN (>)</dt>
3089: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Set the DOCTYPE token's
3090: <i>force-quirks flag</i> to <i>on</i>. Emit that DOCTYPE
3091: token. Switch to the <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd>
3092:
3093: <dt>EOF</dt>
3094: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Set the DOCTYPE token's
3095: <i>force-quirks flag</i> to <i>on</i>. Emit that DOCTYPE token.
3096: Reconsume the EOF character in the <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd>
3097:
3098: <dt>Anything else</dt>
3099: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Set the DOCTYPE token's
3100: <i>force-quirks flag</i> to <i>on</i>. Switch to the <a href="#bogus-doctype-state">bogus
3101: DOCTYPE state</a>.</dd>
3102:
3103: </dl><h5 id="doctype-system-identifier-double-quoted-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.34 </span><dfn>DOCTYPE system identifier (double-quoted) state</dfn></h5>
3104:
3105: <p>Consume the <a href="#next-input-character">next input character</a>:</p>
3106:
3107: <dl class="switch"><dt>U+0022 QUOTATION MARK (")</dt>
3108: <dd>Switch to the <a href="#after-doctype-system-identifier-state">after DOCTYPE system identifier state</a>.</dd>
3109:
3110: <dt>U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN (>)</dt>
3111: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Set the DOCTYPE token's
3112: <i>force-quirks flag</i> to <i>on</i>. Emit that DOCTYPE
3113: token. Switch to the <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd>
3114:
3115: <dt>EOF</dt>
3116: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Set the DOCTYPE token's
3117: <i>force-quirks flag</i> to <i>on</i>. Emit that DOCTYPE token.
3118: Reconsume the EOF character in the <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd>
3119:
3120: <dt>Anything else</dt>
3121: <dd>Append the <a href="#current-input-character">current input character</a> to the current DOCTYPE
3122: token's system identifier. Stay in the <a href="#doctype-system-identifier-double-quoted-state">DOCTYPE system
3123: identifier (double-quoted) state</a>.</dd>
3124:
3125: </dl><h5 id="doctype-system-identifier-single-quoted-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.35 </span><dfn>DOCTYPE system identifier (single-quoted) state</dfn></h5>
3126:
3127: <p>Consume the <a href="#next-input-character">next input character</a>:</p>
3128:
3129: <dl class="switch"><dt>U+0027 APOSTROPHE (')</dt>
3130: <dd>Switch to the <a href="#after-doctype-system-identifier-state">after DOCTYPE system identifier state</a>.</dd>
3131:
3132: <dt>U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN (>)</dt>
3133: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Set the DOCTYPE token's
3134: <i>force-quirks flag</i> to <i>on</i>. Emit that DOCTYPE
3135: token. Switch to the <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd>
3136:
3137: <dt>EOF</dt>
3138: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Set the DOCTYPE token's
3139: <i>force-quirks flag</i> to <i>on</i>. Emit that DOCTYPE token.
3140: Reconsume the EOF character in the <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd>
3141:
3142: <dt>Anything else</dt>
3143: <dd>Append the <a href="#current-input-character">current input character</a> to the current DOCTYPE
3144: token's system identifier. Stay in the <a href="#doctype-system-identifier-single-quoted-state">DOCTYPE system
3145: identifier (single-quoted) state</a>.</dd>
3146:
3147: </dl><h5 id="after-doctype-system-identifier-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.36 </span><dfn>After DOCTYPE system identifier state</dfn></h5>
3148:
3149: <p>Consume the <a href="#next-input-character">next input character</a>:</p>
3150:
3151: <dl class="switch"><dt>U+0009 CHARACTER TABULATION</dt>
3152: <dt>U+000A LINE FEED (LF)</dt>
3153: <dt>U+000C FORM FEED (FF)</dt>
3154: <!--<dt>U+000D CARRIAGE RETURN (CR)</dt>-->
3155: <dt>U+0020 SPACE</dt>
3156: <dd>Stay in the <a href="#after-doctype-system-identifier-state">after DOCTYPE system identifier state</a>.</dd>
3157:
3158: <dt>U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN (>)</dt>
3159: <dd>Emit the current DOCTYPE token. Switch to the <a href="#data-state">data
3160: state</a>.</dd>
3161:
3162: <dt>EOF</dt>
3163: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Set the DOCTYPE token's
3164: <i>force-quirks flag</i> to <i>on</i>. Emit that DOCTYPE token.
3165: Reconsume the EOF character in the <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd>
3166:
3167: <dt>Anything else</dt>
3168: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Switch to the <a href="#bogus-doctype-state">bogus DOCTYPE
3169: state</a>. (This does <em>not</em> set the DOCTYPE token's
3170: <i>force-quirks flag</i> to <i>on</i>.)</dd>
3171:
3172: </dl><h5 id="bogus-doctype-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.37 </span><dfn>Bogus DOCTYPE state</dfn></h5>
3173:
3174: <p>Consume the <a href="#next-input-character">next input character</a>:</p>
3175:
3176: <dl class="switch"><dt>U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN (>)</dt>
3177: <dd>Emit the DOCTYPE token. Switch to the <a href="#data-state">data
3178: state</a>.</dd>
3179:
3180: <dt>EOF</dt>
3181: <dd>Emit the DOCTYPE token. Reconsume the EOF character in the
3182: <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd>
3183:
3184: <dt>Anything else</dt>
3185: <dd>Stay in the <a href="#bogus-doctype-state">bogus DOCTYPE state</a>.</dd>
3186:
3187: </dl><h5 id="cdata-section-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.38 </span><dfn>CDATA section state</dfn></h5>
3188:
3189: <p><i>(This can only happen if the <a href="#content-model-flag">content model
1.91 mike 3190: flag</a> is set to the PCDATA state.)</i></p>
1.1 mike 3191:
3192: <p>Consume every character up to the next occurrence of the three
3193: character sequence U+005D RIGHT SQUARE BRACKET U+005D RIGHT SQUARE
3194: BRACKET U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN (<code title="">]]></code>), or the
3195: end of the file (EOF), whichever comes first. Emit a series of
3196: character tokens consisting of all the characters consumed except
3197: the matching three character sequence at the end (if one was found
3198: before the end of the file).</p>
3199:
3200: <p>Switch to the <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</p>
3201:
3202: <p>If the end of the file was reached, reconsume the EOF
3203: character.</p>
3204:
3205:
3206:
3207: <h5 id="tokenizing-character-references"><span class="secno">9.2.4.39 </span>Tokenizing character references</h5>
3208:
3209: <p>This section defines how to <dfn id="consume-a-character-reference">consume a character
3210: reference</dfn>. This definition is used when parsing character
3211: references <a href="#character-reference-data-state" title="character reference data state">in
3212: text</a> and <a href="#character-reference-in-attribute-value-state" title="character reference in attribute value
3213: state">in attributes</a>.</p>
3214:
3215: <p>The behavior depends on the identity of the next character (the
3216: one immediately after the U+0026 AMPERSAND character):</p>
3217:
3218: <dl class="switch"><dt>U+0009 CHARACTER TABULATION</dt>
3219: <dt>U+000A LINE FEED (LF)</dt>
3220: <dt>U+000C FORM FEED (FF)</dt>
3221: <!--<dt>U+000D CARRIAGE RETURN (CR)</dt>-->
3222: <dt>U+0020 SPACE</dt>
3223: <dt>U+003C LESS-THAN SIGN</dt>
3224: <dt>U+0026 AMPERSAND</dt>
3225: <dt>EOF</dt>
3226: <dt>The <dfn id="additional-allowed-character">additional allowed character</dfn>, if there is one</dt>
3227:
3228: <dd>Not a character reference. No characters are consumed, and
3229: nothing is returned. (This is not an error, either.)</dd>
3230:
3231:
3232: <dt>U+0023 NUMBER SIGN (#)</dt>
3233:
3234: <dd>
3235:
3236: <p>Consume the U+0023 NUMBER SIGN.</p>
3237:
3238: <p>The behavior further depends on the character after the U+0023
3239: NUMBER SIGN:</p>
3240:
3241: <dl class="switch"><dt>U+0078 LATIN SMALL LETTER X</dt>
3242: <dt>U+0058 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER X</dt>
3243:
3244: <dd>
3245:
3246: <p>Consume the X.</p>
3247:
3248: <p>Follow the steps below, but using the range of characters
3249: U+0030 DIGIT ZERO through to U+0039 DIGIT NINE, U+0061 LATIN
3250: SMALL LETTER A through to U+0066 LATIN SMALL LETTER F, and
3251: U+0041 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A, through to U+0046 LATIN CAPITAL
3252: LETTER F (in other words, 0-9, A-F, a-f).</p>
3253:
3254: <p>When it comes to interpreting the number, interpret it as a
3255: hexadecimal number.</p>
3256:
3257: </dd>
3258:
3259:
3260: <dt>Anything else</dt>
3261:
3262: <dd>
3263:
3264: <p>Follow the steps below, but using the range of characters
3265: U+0030 DIGIT ZERO through to U+0039 DIGIT NINE (i.e. just
3266: 0-9).</p>
3267:
3268: <p>When it comes to interpreting the number, interpret it as a
3269: decimal number.</p>
3270:
3271: </dd>
3272:
3273: </dl><p>Consume as many characters as match the range of characters
3274: given above.</p>
3275:
3276: <p>If no characters match the range, then don't consume any
3277: characters (and unconsume the U+0023 NUMBER SIGN character and, if
3278: appropriate, the X character). This is a <a href="#parse-error">parse
3279: error</a>; nothing is returned.</p>
3280:
3281: <p>Otherwise, if the next character is a U+003B SEMICOLON, consume
3282: that too. If it isn't, there is a <a href="#parse-error">parse
3283: error</a>.</p>
3284:
3285: <p>If one or more characters match the range, then take them all
3286: and interpret the string of characters as a number (either
3287: hexadecimal or decimal as appropriate).</p>
3288:
3289: <p>If that number is one of the numbers in the first column of the
3290: following table, then this is a <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a>. Find the
3291: row with that number in the first column, and return a character
3292: token for the Unicode character given in the second column of that
3293: row.</p>
3294:
3295: <table><thead><tr><th>Number </th><th colspan="2">Unicode character
3296: </th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>0x00 </td><td>U+FFFD </td><td>REPLACEMENT CHARACTER
3297: </td></tr><tr><td>0x0D </td><td>U+000A </td><td>LINE FEED (LF)
3298: </td></tr><tr><td>0x80 </td><td>U+20AC </td><td>EURO SIGN ('€')
3299: </td></tr><tr><td>0x81 </td><td>U+0081 </td><td><control>
3300: </td></tr><tr><td>0x82 </td><td>U+201A </td><td>SINGLE LOW-9 QUOTATION MARK ('‚')
3301: </td></tr><tr><td>0x83 </td><td>U+0192 </td><td>LATIN SMALL LETTER F WITH HOOK ('ƒ')
3302: </td></tr><tr><td>0x84 </td><td>U+201E </td><td>DOUBLE LOW-9 QUOTATION MARK ('„')
3303: </td></tr><tr><td>0x85 </td><td>U+2026 </td><td>HORIZONTAL ELLIPSIS ('…')
3304: </td></tr><tr><td>0x86 </td><td>U+2020 </td><td>DAGGER ('†')
3305: </td></tr><tr><td>0x87 </td><td>U+2021 </td><td>DOUBLE DAGGER ('‡')
3306: </td></tr><tr><td>0x88 </td><td>U+02C6 </td><td>MODIFIER LETTER CIRCUMFLEX ACCENT ('ˆ')
3307: </td></tr><tr><td>0x89 </td><td>U+2030 </td><td>PER MILLE SIGN ('‰')
3308: </td></tr><tr><td>0x8A </td><td>U+0160 </td><td>LATIN CAPITAL LETTER S WITH CARON ('Š')
3309: </td></tr><tr><td>0x8B </td><td>U+2039 </td><td>SINGLE LEFT-POINTING ANGLE QUOTATION MARK ('‹')
3310: </td></tr><tr><td>0x8C </td><td>U+0152 </td><td>LATIN CAPITAL LIGATURE OE ('Œ')
3311: </td></tr><tr><td>0x8D </td><td>U+008D </td><td><control>
3312: </td></tr><tr><td>0x8E </td><td>U+017D </td><td>LATIN CAPITAL LETTER Z WITH CARON ('Ž')
3313: </td></tr><tr><td>0x8F </td><td>U+008F </td><td><control>
3314: </td></tr><tr><td>0x90 </td><td>U+0090 </td><td><control>
3315: </td></tr><tr><td>0x91 </td><td>U+2018 </td><td>LEFT SINGLE QUOTATION MARK ('‘')
3316: </td></tr><tr><td>0x92 </td><td>U+2019 </td><td>RIGHT SINGLE QUOTATION MARK ('’')
3317: </td></tr><tr><td>0x93 </td><td>U+201C </td><td>LEFT DOUBLE QUOTATION MARK ('“')
3318: </td></tr><tr><td>0x94 </td><td>U+201D </td><td>RIGHT DOUBLE QUOTATION MARK ('”')
3319: </td></tr><tr><td>0x95 </td><td>U+2022 </td><td>BULLET ('•')
3320: </td></tr><tr><td>0x96 </td><td>U+2013 </td><td>EN DASH ('–')
3321: </td></tr><tr><td>0x97 </td><td>U+2014 </td><td>EM DASH ('—')
3322: </td></tr><tr><td>0x98 </td><td>U+02DC </td><td>SMALL TILDE ('˜')
3323: </td></tr><tr><td>0x99 </td><td>U+2122 </td><td>TRADE MARK SIGN ('™')
3324: </td></tr><tr><td>0x9A </td><td>U+0161 </td><td>LATIN SMALL LETTER S WITH CARON ('š')
3325: </td></tr><tr><td>0x9B </td><td>U+203A </td><td>SINGLE RIGHT-POINTING ANGLE QUOTATION MARK ('›')
3326: </td></tr><tr><td>0x9C </td><td>U+0153 </td><td>LATIN SMALL LIGATURE OE ('œ')
3327: </td></tr><tr><td>0x9D </td><td>U+009D </td><td><control>
3328: </td></tr><tr><td>0x9E </td><td>U+017E </td><td>LATIN SMALL LETTER Z WITH CARON ('ž')
3329: </td></tr><tr><td>0x9F </td><td>U+0178 </td><td>LATIN CAPITAL LETTER Y WITH DIAERESIS ('Ÿ')
1.18 mike 3330: </td></tr></tbody></table><p>Otherwise, if the number is greater than 0x10FFFF, then this is
3331: a <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a>. Return a U+FFFD REPLACEMENT
3332: CHARACTER.</p>
3333:
3334: <p>Otherwise, return a character token for the Unicode character
1.1 mike 3335: whose code point is that number.
3336:
3337: <!-- this is the same as the equivalent list in the input stream
3338: section -->
3339: If the number is in the range 0x0001 to 0x0008, <!-- HT, LF
3340: allowed --> <!-- U+000B is in the next list --> <!-- FF, CR
3341: allowed --> 0x000E to 0x001F, <!-- ASCII allowed --> 0x007F <!--to
3342: 0x0084, (0x0085 NEL not allowed), 0x0086--> to 0x009F, 0xD800 to
3343: 0xDFFF<!-- surrogates not allowed -->, 0xFDD0 to 0xFDEF, or is one
3344: of 0x000B, 0xFFFE, 0xFFFF, 0x1FFFE, 0x1FFFF, 0x2FFFE, 0x2FFFF,
3345: 0x3FFFE, 0x3FFFF, 0x4FFFE, 0x4FFFF, 0x5FFFE, 0x5FFFF, 0x6FFFE,
3346: 0x6FFFF, 0x7FFFE, 0x7FFFF, 0x8FFFE, 0x8FFFF, 0x9FFFE, 0x9FFFF,
3347: 0xAFFFE, 0xAFFFF, 0xBFFFE, 0xBFFFF, 0xCFFFE, 0xCFFFF, 0xDFFFE,
3348: 0xDFFFF, 0xEFFFE, 0xEFFFF, 0xFFFFE, 0xFFFFF, 0x10FFFE, or
1.18 mike 3349: 0x10FFFF, then this is a <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a>.</p>
1.1 mike 3350:
3351: </dd>
3352:
3353:
3354: <dt>Anything else</dt>
3355:
3356: <dd>
3357:
3358: <p>Consume the maximum number of characters possible, with the
3359: consumed characters matching one of the identifiers in the first
3360: column of the <a href="named-character-references.html#named-character-references">named character references</a> table (in a
3361: <a href="infrastructure.html#case-sensitive">case-sensitive</a> manner).</p>
3362:
3363: <p>If no match can be made, then this is a <a href="#parse-error">parse
3364: error</a>. No characters are consumed, and nothing is
3365: returned.</p>
3366:
3367: <p>If the last character matched is not a U+003B SEMICOLON (<code title="">;</code>), there is a <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a>.</p>
3368:
3369: <p>If the character reference is being consumed <a href="#character-reference-in-attribute-value-state" title="character reference in attribute value state">as part of an
3370: attribute</a>, and the last character matched is not a U+003B
3371: SEMICOLON (<code title="">;</code>), and the next character is in
3372: the range U+0030 DIGIT ZERO to U+0039 DIGIT NINE, U+0041 LATIN
3373: CAPITAL LETTER A to U+005A LATIN CAPITAL LETTER Z, or U+0061 LATIN
3374: SMALL LETTER A to U+007A LATIN SMALL LETTER Z, then, for
3375: historical reasons, all the characters that were matched after the
3376: U+0026 AMPERSAND (&) must be unconsumed, and nothing is
3377: returned.</p>
3378:
3379: <p>Otherwise, return a character token for the character
3380: corresponding to the character reference name (as given by the
3381: second column of the <a href="named-character-references.html#named-character-references">named character references</a>
3382: table).</p>
3383:
3384: <div class="example">
3385:
3386: <p>If the markup contains <code title="">I'm &notit; I tell
3387: you</code>, the character reference is parsed as "not", as in,
3388: <code title="">I'm ¬it; I tell you</code>. But if the markup
3389: was <code title="">I'm &notin; I tell you</code>, the
3390: character reference would be parsed as "notin;", resulting in
3391: <code title="">I'm ∉ I tell you</code>.</p>
3392:
3393: </div>
3394:
3395: </dd>
3396:
3397: </dl><h4 id="tree-construction"><span class="secno">9.2.5 </span><dfn>Tree construction</dfn></h4>
3398:
3399: <p>The input to the tree construction stage is a sequence of tokens
3400: from the <a href="#tokenization">tokenization</a> stage. The tree construction
3401: stage is associated with a DOM <code>Document</code> object when a
3402: parser is created. The "output" of this stage consists of
3403: dynamically modifying or extending that document's DOM tree.</p>
3404:
3405: <p>This specification does not define when an interactive user agent
3406: has to render the <code>Document</code> so that it is available to
3407: the user, or when it has to begin accepting user input.</p>
3408:
3409: <p>As each token is emitted from the tokenizer, the user agent must
3410: process the token according to the rules given in the section
3411: corresponding to the current <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a>.</p>
3412:
3413: <p>When the steps below require the UA to <dfn id="insert-a-character">insert a
3414: character</dfn> into a node, if that node has a child immediately
3415: before where the character is to be inserted, and that child is a
3416: <code>Text</code> node, and that <code>Text</code> node was the last
3417: node that the parser inserted into the document, then the character
3418: must be appended to that <code>Text</code> node; otherwise, a new
3419: <code>Text</code> node whose data is just that character must be
3420: inserted in the appropriate place.</p>
3421:
3422: <div class="example">
3423:
3424: <p>Here are some sample inputs to the parser and the corresponding
3425: number of text nodes that they result in, assuming a user agent
3426: that executes scripts.</p>
3427:
3428: <table><thead><tr><th>Input </th><th>Number of text nodes
3429: </th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td><pre>A<script>
3430: var script = document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0];
3431: document.body.removeChild(script);
3432: </script>B</pre>
3433: </td><td>Two adjacent text nodes in the document, containing "A" and "B".
3434: </td></tr><tr><td><pre>A<script>
3435: var text = document.createTextNode('B');
3436: document.body.appendChild(text);
3437: </script>C</pre>
3438: </td><td>Four text nodes; "A" before the script, the script's contents, "B" after the script, and then, immediately after that, "C".
3439: </td></tr><tr><td><pre>A<script>
3440: var text = document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0].firstChild;
3441: text.data = 'B';
3442: document.body.appendChild(text);
3443: </script>B</pre>
3444: </td><td>Two adjacent text nodes in the document, containing "A" and "BB".
3445: </td></tr><tr><td><pre>A<table>B<tr>C</tr>C</table></pre>
3446: </td><td>Three adjacent text nodes before the table, containing "A", "B", and "CC" respectively. (This is caused by <a href="#foster-parent" title="foster parent">foster parenting</a>.)
3447: </td></tr><tr><td><pre>A<table><tr> B</tr> B</table></pre>
3448: </td><td>Two adjacent text nodes before the table, containing "A" and " B B" (space-B-space-B) respectively. (This is caused by <a href="#foster-parent" title="foster parent">foster parenting</a>.)
3449: </td></tr><tr><td><pre>A<table><tr> B</tr> </em>C</table></pre>
3450: </td><td>Three adjacent text nodes before the table, containing "A", " B" (space-B), and "C" respectively, and one text node inside the table (as a child of a <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tbody-element">tbody</a></code>) with a single space character. (Space characters separated from non-space characters by non-character tokens are not affected by <a href="#foster-parent" title="foster parent">foster parenting</a>, even if those other tokens then get ignored.)
3451: </td></tr></tbody></table></div>
3452:
3453: <p id="mutation-during-parsing">DOM mutation events must not fire
3454: for changes caused by the UA parsing the document. (Conceptually,
3455: the parser is not mutating the DOM, it is constructing it.) This
1.104 mike 3456: includes the parsing of any content inserted using <code title="dom-document-write"><a href="dom.html#dom-document-write">document.write()</a></code> and <code title="dom-document-writeln"><a href="dom.html#dom-document-writeln">document.writeln()</a></code> calls. <a href="references.html#refsDOMEVENTS">[DOMEVENTS]</a></p>
1.1 mike 3457:
3458: <p class="note">Not all of the tag names mentioned below are
3459: conformant tag names in this specification; many are included to
3460: handle legacy content. They still form part of the algorithm that
3461: implementations are required to implement to claim conformance.</p>
3462:
3463: <p class="note">The algorithm described below places no limit on the
3464: depth of the DOM tree generated, or on the length of tag names,
3465: attribute names, attribute values, text nodes, etc. While
3466: implementors are encouraged to avoid arbitrary limits, it is
3467: recognized that <a href="infrastructure.html#hardwareLimitations">practical
3468: concerns</a> will likely force user agents to impose nesting
3469: depths.</p>
3470:
3471:
3472: <h5 id="creating-and-inserting-elements"><span class="secno">9.2.5.1 </span>Creating and inserting elements</h5>
3473:
3474: <p>When the steps below require the UA to <dfn id="create-an-element-for-the-token" title="create an
3475: element for the token">create an element for a token</dfn> in a
3476: particular namespace, the UA must create a node implementing the
3477: interface appropriate for the element type corresponding to the tag
3478: name of the token in the given namespace (as given in the
3479: specification that defines that element, e.g. for an <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-a-element">a</a></code>
3480: element in the <a href="#html-namespace-0">HTML namespace</a>, this specification
3481: defines it to be the <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#htmlanchorelement">HTMLAnchorElement</a></code> interface), with
3482: the tag name being the name of that element, with the node being in
3483: the given namespace, and with the attributes on the node being those
3484: given in the given token.</p>
3485:
3486: <p>The interface appropriate for an element in the <a href="#html-namespace-0">HTML
3487: namespace</a> that is not defined in this specification is
1.44 mike 3488: <code><a href="dom.html#htmlunknownelement">HTMLUnknownElement</a></code>. Element in other namespaces whose
1.1 mike 3489: interface is not defined by that namespace's specification must use
3490: the interface <code>Element</code>.</p>
3491:
3492: <p>When a <a href="forms.html#category-reset" title="category-reset">resettable</a> element is
3493: created in this manner, its <a href="forms.html#concept-form-reset-control" title="concept-form-reset-control">reset algorithm</a> must be
3494: invoked once the attributes are set. (This initializes the element's
3495: <a href="forms.html#concept-fe-value" title="concept-fe-value">value</a> and <a href="forms.html#concept-fe-checked" title="concept-fe-checked">checkedness</a> based on the element's
3496: attributes.)</p>
3497:
3498: <hr><p>When the steps below require the UA to <dfn id="insert-an-html-element">insert an HTML
3499: element</dfn> for a token, the UA must first <a href="#create-an-element-for-the-token">create an element
3500: for the token</a> in the <a href="#html-namespace-0">HTML namespace</a>, and then
3501: append this node to the <a href="#current-node">current node</a>, and push it onto
3502: the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> so that it is the new
3503: <a href="#current-node">current node</a>.</p>
3504:
3505: <p>The steps below may also require that the UA insert an HTML
3506: element in a particular place, in which case the UA must follow the
3507: same steps except that it must insert or append the new node in the
3508: location specified instead of appending it to the <a href="#current-node">current
3509: node</a>. (This happens in particular during the parsing of
3510: tables with invalid content.)</p>
3511:
3512: <p>If an element created by the <a href="#insert-an-html-element">insert an HTML element</a>
3513: algorithm is a <a href="forms.html#form-associated-element">form-associated element</a>, and the
3514: <a href="#form-element-pointer"><code title="">form</code> element pointer</a> is not null,
3515: and the newly created element doesn't have a <code title="attr-fae-form"><a href="forms.html#attr-fae-form">form</a></code> attribute, the user agent must
3516: <a href="forms.html#concept-form-association" title="concept-form-association">associate</a> the newly
3517: created element with the <code><a href="forms.html#the-form-element">form</a></code> element pointed to by the
3518: <a href="#form-element-pointer"><code title="">form</code> element pointer</a> before
3519: inserting it wherever it is to be inserted.</p>
3520:
3521: <hr><p>When the steps below require the UA to <dfn id="insert-a-foreign-element">insert a foreign
3522: element</dfn> for a token, the UA must first <a href="#create-an-element-for-the-token">create an element
3523: for the token</a> in the given namespace, and then append this
3524: node to the <a href="#current-node">current node</a>, and push it onto the
3525: <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> so that it is the new
3526: <a href="#current-node">current node</a>. If the newly created element has an <code title="">xmlns</code> attribute in the <a href="#xmlns-namespace">XMLNS namespace</a>
3527: whose value is not exactly the same as the element's namespace, that
3528: is a <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a>. Similarly, if the newly created
3529: element has an <code title="">xmlns:xlink</code> attribute in the
3530: <a href="#xmlns-namespace">XMLNS namespace</a> whose value is not the <a href="#xlink-namespace">XLink
3531: Namespace</a>, that is a <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a>.</p>
3532:
3533: <p>When the steps below require the user agent to <dfn id="adjust-mathml-attributes">adjust MathML
3534: attributes</dfn> for a token, then, if the token has an attribute
3535: named <code title="">definitionurl</code>, change its name to <code title="">definitionURL</code> (note the case difference).</p>
3536:
3537: <p>When the steps below require the user agent to <dfn id="adjust-svg-attributes">adjust SVG
3538: attributes</dfn> for a token, then, for each attribute on the token
3539: whose attribute name is one of the ones in the first column of the
3540: following table, change the attribute's name to the name given in
3541: the corresponding cell in the second column. (This fixes the case of
3542: SVG attributes that are not all lowercase.)</p>
3543:
3544: <table><thead><tr><th> Attribute name on token </th><th> Attribute name on element
3545: </th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td> <code title="">attributename</code> </td><td> <code title="">attributeName</code>
3546: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">attributetype</code> </td><td> <code title="">attributeType</code>
3547: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">basefrequency</code> </td><td> <code title="">baseFrequency</code>
3548: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">baseprofile</code> </td><td> <code title="">baseProfile</code>
3549: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">calcmode</code> </td><td> <code title="">calcMode</code>
3550: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">clippathunits</code> </td><td> <code title="">clipPathUnits</code>
3551: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">contentscripttype</code> </td><td> <code title="">contentScriptType</code>
3552: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">contentstyletype</code> </td><td> <code title="">contentStyleType</code>
3553: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">diffuseconstant</code> </td><td> <code title="">diffuseConstant</code>
3554: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">edgemode</code> </td><td> <code title="">edgeMode</code>
3555: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">externalresourcesrequired</code> </td><td> <code title="">externalResourcesRequired</code>
3556: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">filterres</code> </td><td> <code title="">filterRes</code>
3557: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">filterunits</code> </td><td> <code title="">filterUnits</code>
3558: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">glyphref</code> </td><td> <code title="">glyphRef</code>
3559: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">gradienttransform</code> </td><td> <code title="">gradientTransform</code>
3560: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">gradientunits</code> </td><td> <code title="">gradientUnits</code>
3561: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">kernelmatrix</code> </td><td> <code title="">kernelMatrix</code>
3562: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">kernelunitlength</code> </td><td> <code title="">kernelUnitLength</code>
3563: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">keypoints</code> </td><td> <code title="">keyPoints</code>
3564: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">keysplines</code> </td><td> <code title="">keySplines</code>
3565: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">keytimes</code> </td><td> <code title="">keyTimes</code>
3566: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">lengthadjust</code> </td><td> <code title="">lengthAdjust</code>
3567: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">limitingconeangle</code> </td><td> <code title="">limitingConeAngle</code>
3568: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">markerheight</code> </td><td> <code title="">markerHeight</code>
3569: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">markerunits</code> </td><td> <code title="">markerUnits</code>
3570: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">markerwidth</code> </td><td> <code title="">markerWidth</code>
3571: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">maskcontentunits</code> </td><td> <code title="">maskContentUnits</code>
3572: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">maskunits</code> </td><td> <code title="">maskUnits</code>
3573: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">numoctaves</code> </td><td> <code title="">numOctaves</code>
3574: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">pathlength</code> </td><td> <code title="">pathLength</code>
3575: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">patterncontentunits</code> </td><td> <code title="">patternContentUnits</code>
3576: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">patterntransform</code> </td><td> <code title="">patternTransform</code>
3577: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">patternunits</code> </td><td> <code title="">patternUnits</code>
3578: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">pointsatx</code> </td><td> <code title="">pointsAtX</code>
3579: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">pointsaty</code> </td><td> <code title="">pointsAtY</code>
3580: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">pointsatz</code> </td><td> <code title="">pointsAtZ</code>
3581: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">preservealpha</code> </td><td> <code title="">preserveAlpha</code>
3582: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">preserveaspectratio</code> </td><td> <code title="">preserveAspectRatio</code>
3583: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">primitiveunits</code> </td><td> <code title="">primitiveUnits</code>
3584: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">refx</code> </td><td> <code title="">refX</code>
3585: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">refy</code> </td><td> <code title="">refY</code>
3586: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">repeatcount</code> </td><td> <code title="">repeatCount</code>
3587: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">repeatdur</code> </td><td> <code title="">repeatDur</code>
3588: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">requiredextensions</code> </td><td> <code title="">requiredExtensions</code>
3589: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">requiredfeatures</code> </td><td> <code title="">requiredFeatures</code>
3590: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">specularconstant</code> </td><td> <code title="">specularConstant</code>
3591: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">specularexponent</code> </td><td> <code title="">specularExponent</code>
3592: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">spreadmethod</code> </td><td> <code title="">spreadMethod</code>
3593: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">startoffset</code> </td><td> <code title="">startOffset</code>
3594: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">stddeviation</code> </td><td> <code title="">stdDeviation</code>
3595: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">stitchtiles</code> </td><td> <code title="">stitchTiles</code>
3596: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">surfacescale</code> </td><td> <code title="">surfaceScale</code>
3597: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">systemlanguage</code> </td><td> <code title="">systemLanguage</code>
3598: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">tablevalues</code> </td><td> <code title="">tableValues</code>
3599: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">targetx</code> </td><td> <code title="">targetX</code>
3600: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">targety</code> </td><td> <code title="">targetY</code>
3601: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">textlength</code> </td><td> <code title="">textLength</code>
3602: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">viewbox</code> </td><td> <code title="">viewBox</code>
3603: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">viewtarget</code> </td><td> <code title="">viewTarget</code>
3604: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">xchannelselector</code> </td><td> <code title="">xChannelSelector</code>
3605: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">ychannelselector</code> </td><td> <code title="">yChannelSelector</code>
3606: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">zoomandpan</code> </td><td> <code title="">zoomAndPan</code>
3607: </td></tr></tbody></table><p>When the steps below require the user agent to <dfn id="adjust-foreign-attributes">adjust
3608: foreign attributes</dfn> for a token, then, if any of the attributes
3609: on the token match the strings given in the first column of the
3610: following table, let the attribute be a namespaced attribute, with
3611: the prefix being the string given in the corresponding cell in the
3612: second column, the local name being the string given in the
3613: corresponding cell in the third column, and the namespace being the
3614: namespace given in the corresponding cell in the fourth
3615: column. (This fixes the use of namespaced attributes, in particular
3616: <a href="dom.html#attr-xml-lang" title="attr-xml-lang"><code title="">lang</code> attributes in
3617: the <span>XML namespace</span></a>.)</p>
3618:
3619: <table><thead><tr><th> Attribute name </th><th> Prefix </th><th> Local name </th><th> Namespace
3620: </th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td> <code title="">xlink:actuate</code> </td><td> <code title="">xlink</code> </td><td> <code title="">actuate</code> </td><td> <a href="#xlink-namespace">XLink namespace</a>
3621: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">xlink:arcrole</code> </td><td> <code title="">xlink</code> </td><td> <code title="">arcrole</code> </td><td> <a href="#xlink-namespace">XLink namespace</a>
3622: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">xlink:href</code> </td><td> <code title="">xlink</code> </td><td> <code title="">href</code> </td><td> <a href="#xlink-namespace">XLink namespace</a>
3623: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">xlink:role</code> </td><td> <code title="">xlink</code> </td><td> <code title="">role</code> </td><td> <a href="#xlink-namespace">XLink namespace</a>
3624: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">xlink:show</code> </td><td> <code title="">xlink</code> </td><td> <code title="">show</code> </td><td> <a href="#xlink-namespace">XLink namespace</a>
3625: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">xlink:title</code> </td><td> <code title="">xlink</code> </td><td> <code title="">title</code> </td><td> <a href="#xlink-namespace">XLink namespace</a>
3626: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">xlink:type</code> </td><td> <code title="">xlink</code> </td><td> <code title="">type</code> </td><td> <a href="#xlink-namespace">XLink namespace</a>
3627: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">xml:base</code> </td><td> <code title="">xml</code> </td><td> <code title="">base</code> </td><td> <a href="#xml-namespace">XML namespace</a> <!-- attr-xml-base -->
3628: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">xml:lang</code> </td><td> <code title="">xml</code> </td><td> <code title="">lang</code> </td><td> <a href="#xml-namespace">XML namespace</a>
3629: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">xml:space</code> </td><td> <code title="">xml</code> </td><td> <code title="">space</code> </td><td> <a href="#xml-namespace">XML namespace</a>
3630: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">xmlns</code> </td><td> (none) </td><td> <code title="">xmlns</code> </td><td> <a href="#xmlns-namespace">XMLNS namespace</a>
3631: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">xmlns:xlink</code> </td><td> <code title="">xmlns</code> </td><td> <code title="">xlink</code> </td><td> <a href="#xmlns-namespace">XMLNS namespace</a>
1.91 mike 3632: </td></tr></tbody></table><hr><p>The <dfn id="generic-raw-text-element-parsing-algorithm">generic raw text element parsing algorithm</dfn> and the
1.1 mike 3633: <dfn id="generic-rcdata-element-parsing-algorithm">generic RCDATA element parsing algorithm</dfn> consist of the
3634: following steps. These algorithms are always invoked in response to
3635: a start tag token.</p>
3636:
3637: <ol><li><p><a href="#insert-an-html-element">Insert an HTML element</a> for the token.</p></li>
3638:
1.91 mike 3639: <li><p>If the algorithm that was invoked is the <a href="#generic-raw-text-element-parsing-algorithm">generic raw
3640: text element parsing algorithm</a>, switch the tokenizer's
3641: <a href="#content-model-flag">content model flag</a> to the RAWTEXT state; otherwise the
1.1 mike 3642: algorithm invoked was the <a href="#generic-rcdata-element-parsing-algorithm">generic RCDATA element parsing
3643: algorithm</a>, switch the tokenizer's <a href="#content-model-flag">content model
3644: flag</a> to the RCDATA state.</p></li>
3645:
3646: <li><p>Let the <a href="#original-insertion-mode">original insertion mode</a> be the current
3647: <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a>.</p>
3648:
1.91 mike 3649: </li><li><p>Then, switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to "<a href="#parsing-main-incdata" title="insertion mode: in RAWTEXT/RCDATA">in
3650: RAWTEXT/RCDATA</a>".</p></li>
1.1 mike 3651:
3652: </ol><h5 id="closing-elements-that-have-implied-end-tags"><span class="secno">9.2.5.2 </span>Closing elements that have implied end tags</h5>
3653:
3654: <p>When the steps below require the UA to <dfn id="generate-implied-end-tags">generate implied end
3655: tags</dfn>, then, while the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> is a
3656: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-dd-element">dd</a></code> element, a <code><a href="semantics.html#the-dt-element">dt</a></code> element, an
3657: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-li-element">li</a></code> element, an <code><a href="forms.html#the-option-element">option</a></code> element, an
3658: <code><a href="forms.html#the-optgroup-element">optgroup</a></code> element, a <code><a href="semantics.html#the-p-element">p</a></code> element, an
3659: <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-rp-element">rp</a></code> element, or an <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-rt-element">rt</a></code> element, the UA must
3660: pop the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> off the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open
3661: elements</a>.</p>
3662:
3663: <p>If a step requires the UA to generate implied end tags but lists
3664: an element to exclude from the process, then the UA must perform the
3665: above steps as if that element was not in the above list.</p>
3666:
3667:
3668: <h5 id="foster-parenting"><span class="secno">9.2.5.3 </span>Foster parenting</h5>
3669:
3670: <p>Foster parenting happens when content is misnested in tables.</p>
3671:
3672: <p>When a node <var title="">node</var> is to be <dfn id="foster-parent" title="foster
3673: parent">foster parented</dfn>, the node <var title="">node</var>
3674: must be inserted into the <i><a href="#foster-parent-element">foster parent element</a></i>.</p>
3675:
3676: <p>The <dfn id="foster-parent-element">foster parent element</dfn> is the parent element of the
3677: last <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-table-element">table</a></code> element in the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open
3678: elements</a>, if there is a <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-table-element">table</a></code> element and it has
3679: such a parent element. If there is no <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-table-element">table</a></code> element in
3680: the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> (<a href="#fragment-case">fragment
3681: case</a>), then the <i><a href="#foster-parent-element">foster parent element</a></i> is the first
3682: element in the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> (the
3683: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element">html</a></code> element). Otherwise, if there is a
3684: <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-table-element">table</a></code> element in the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open
3685: elements</a>, but the last <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-table-element">table</a></code> element in the
3686: <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> has no parent, or its parent
3687: node is not an element, then the <i><a href="#foster-parent-element">foster parent element</a></i> is
3688: the element before the last <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-table-element">table</a></code> element in the
3689: <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a>.</p>
3690:
3691: <p>If the <i><a href="#foster-parent-element">foster parent element</a></i> is the parent element of the
3692: last <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-table-element">table</a></code> element in the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open
3693: elements</a>, then <var title="">node</var> must be inserted
3694: immediately <em>before</em> the last <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-table-element">table</a></code> element in
3695: the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> in the <i><a href="#foster-parent-element">foster parent
3696: element</a></i>; otherwise, <var title="">node</var> must be
3697: <em>appended</em> to the <i><a href="#foster-parent-element">foster parent element</a></i>.</p>
3698:
3699:
3700:
3701: <h5 id="the-initial-insertion-mode"><span class="secno">9.2.5.4 </span>The "<dfn title="insertion mode: initial">initial</dfn>" insertion mode</h5>
3702:
3703: <p>When the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> is "<a href="#the-initial-insertion-mode" title="insertion
3704: mode: initial">initial</a>", tokens must be handled as follows:</p>
3705:
3706: <dl class="switch"><dt>A character token that is one of U+0009 CHARACTER
3707: TABULATION, U+000A LINE FEED (LF), U+000C FORM FEED (FF),
3708: <!--U+000D CARRIAGE RETURN (CR),--> or U+0020 SPACE</dt>
3709: <dd>
3710: <p>Ignore the token.</p>
3711: </dd>
3712:
3713: <dt>A comment token</dt>
3714: <dd>
3715: <p>Append a <code>Comment</code> node to the <code>Document</code>
3716: object with the <code title="">data</code> attribute set to the
3717: data given in the comment token.</p>
3718: </dd>
3719:
3720: <dt>A DOCTYPE token</dt>
3721: <dd>
3722:
3723: <p>If the DOCTYPE token's name is not a
3724: <a href="infrastructure.html#case-sensitive">case-sensitive</a> match for the string "<code title="">html</code>", or the token's public identifier is not
3725: missing, or the token's system identifier is neither missing nor a
3726: <a href="infrastructure.html#case-sensitive">case-sensitive</a> match for the string
3727: "<code>about:legacy-compat</code>", and none of the sets of
3728: conditions in the following list are matched, then there is a
3729: <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a>. If one of the sets of conditions in the
3730: following list is matched, then there is an <dfn id="obsolete-permitted-doctype">obsolete
3731: permitted DOCTYPE</dfn>.</p>
3732:
3733: <ul><!-- only things that trigger no-quirks mode and were valid in
3734: some other spec are allowed in this list --><li>The DOCTYPE token's name is an <a href="infrastructure.html#ascii-case-insensitive">ASCII
1.98 mike 3735: case-insensitive</a> match for the string "<code title="">html</code>", the token's public identifier is the
1.1 mike 3736: <a href="infrastructure.html#case-sensitive">case-sensitive</a> string "<code title="">-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0//EN</code>", and the
3737: token's system identifier is either missing or the
3738: <a href="infrastructure.html#case-sensitive">case-sensitive</a> string "<code title="">http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40/strict.dtd</code>".</li>
3739:
3740: <li>The DOCTYPE token's name is an <a href="infrastructure.html#ascii-case-insensitive">ASCII
1.98 mike 3741: case-insensitive</a> match for the string "<code title="">html</code>", the token's public identifier is the
1.1 mike 3742: <a href="infrastructure.html#case-sensitive">case-sensitive</a> string "<code title="">-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN</code>", and the
3743: token's system identifier is either missing or the
3744: <a href="infrastructure.html#case-sensitive">case-sensitive</a> string "<code title="">http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/strict.dtd</code>".</li>
3745:
3746: <li>The DOCTYPE token's name is an <a href="infrastructure.html#ascii-case-insensitive">ASCII
1.98 mike 3747: case-insensitive</a> match for the string "<code title="">html</code>", the token's public identifier is the
1.1 mike 3748: <a href="infrastructure.html#case-sensitive">case-sensitive</a> string "<code title="">-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN</code>",
3749: and the token's system identifier is the
3750: <a href="infrastructure.html#case-sensitive">case-sensitive</a> string "<code title="">http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd</code>".</li>
3751:
3752: <li>The DOCTYPE token's name is an <a href="infrastructure.html#ascii-case-insensitive">ASCII
1.98 mike 3753: case-insensitive</a> match for the string "<code title="">html</code>", the token's public identifier is the
1.1 mike 3754: <a href="infrastructure.html#case-sensitive">case-sensitive</a> string "<code title="">-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.1//EN</code>", and the
3755: token's system identifier is the <a href="infrastructure.html#case-sensitive">case-sensitive</a>
3756: string "<code title="">http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml11/DTD/xhtml11.dtd</code>".</li>
3757:
3758: </ul><p>Conformance checkers may, based on the values (including
3759: presence or lack thereof) of the DOCTYPE token's name, public
3760: identifier, or system identifier, switch to a conformance checking
3761: mode for another language (e.g. based on the DOCTYPE token a
3762: conformance checker could recognize that the document is an
3763: HTML 4-era document, and defer to an HTML 4 conformance
3764: checker.)</p>
3765:
3766: <p>Append a <code>DocumentType</code> node to the
3767: <code>Document</code> node, with the <code title="">name</code>
3768: attribute set to the name given in the DOCTYPE token, or the empty
3769: string if the name was missing; the <code title="">publicId</code>
3770: attribute set to the public identifier given in the DOCTYPE token,
3771: or the empty string if the public identifier was missing; the
3772: <code title="">systemId</code> attribute set to the system
3773: identifier given in the DOCTYPE token, or the empty string if the
3774: system identifier was missing; and the other attributes specific
3775: to <code>DocumentType</code> objects set to null and empty lists
3776: as appropriate. Associate the <code>DocumentType</code> node with
3777: the <code>Document</code> object so that it is returned as the
3778: value of the <code title="">doctype</code> attribute of the
3779: <code>Document</code> object.</p>
3780:
3781: <p id="quirks-mode-doctypes">Then, if the DOCTYPE token matches
3782: one of the conditions in the following list, then set the
3783: <code>Document</code> to <a href="dom.html#quirks-mode">quirks mode</a>:</p>
3784:
3785: <ul class="brief"><li> The <i>force-quirks flag</i> is set to <i>on</i>. </li>
3786: <li> The name is set to anything other than "<code title="">HTML</code>". </li>
3787: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">+//Silmaril//dtd html Pro v0r11 19970101//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
3788: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//AdvaSoft Ltd//DTD HTML 3.0 asWedit + extensions//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
3789: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//AS//DTD HTML 3.0 asWedit + extensions//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
3790: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//IETF//DTD HTML 2.0 Level 1//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
3791: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//IETF//DTD HTML 2.0 Level 2//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
3792: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//IETF//DTD HTML 2.0 Strict Level 1//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
3793: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//IETF//DTD HTML 2.0 Strict Level 2//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
3794: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//IETF//DTD HTML 2.0 Strict//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
3795: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//IETF//DTD HTML 2.0//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
3796: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//IETF//DTD HTML 2.1E//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
3797: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//IETF//DTD HTML 3.0//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
3798: <!--<li> The public identifier is set to: "<code title="">-//IETF//DTD HTML 3.0//EN//</code>" </li>-->
3799: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//IETF//DTD HTML 3.2 Final//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
3800: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//IETF//DTD HTML 3.2//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
3801: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//IETF//DTD HTML 3//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
3802: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//IETF//DTD HTML Level 0//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
3803: <!--<li> The public identifier is set to: "<code title="">-//IETF//DTD HTML Level 0//EN//2.0</code>" </li>-->
3804: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//IETF//DTD HTML Level 1//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
3805: <!--<li> The public identifier is set to: "<code title="">-//IETF//DTD HTML Level 1//EN//2.0</code>" </li>-->
3806: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//IETF//DTD HTML Level 2//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
3807: <!--<li> The public identifier is set to: "<code title="">-//IETF//DTD HTML Level 2//EN//2.0</code>" </li>-->
3808: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//IETF//DTD HTML Level 3//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
3809: <!--<li> The public identifier is set to: "<code title="">-//IETF//DTD HTML Level 3//EN//3.0</code>" </li>-->
3810: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//IETF//DTD HTML Strict Level 0//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
3811: <!--<li> The public identifier is set to: "<code title="">-//IETF//DTD HTML Strict Level 0//EN//2.0</code>" </li>-->
3812: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//IETF//DTD HTML Strict Level 1//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
3813: <!--<li> The public identifier is set to: "<code title="">-//IETF//DTD HTML Strict Level 1//EN//2.0</code>" </li>-->
3814: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//IETF//DTD HTML Strict Level 2//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
3815: <!--<li> The public identifier is set to: "<code title="">-//IETF//DTD HTML Strict Level 2//EN//2.0</code>" </li>-->
3816: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//IETF//DTD HTML Strict Level 3//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
3817: <!--<li> The public identifier is set to: "<code title="">-//IETF//DTD HTML Strict Level 3//EN//3.0</code>" </li>-->
3818: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//IETF//DTD HTML Strict//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
3819: <!--<li> The public identifier is set to: "<code title="">-//IETF//DTD HTML Strict//EN//2.0</code>" </li>-->
3820: <!--<li> The public identifier is set to: "<code title="">-//IETF//DTD HTML Strict//EN//3.0</code>" </li>-->
3821: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//IETF//DTD HTML//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
3822: <!--<li> The public identifier is set to: "<code title="">-//IETF//DTD HTML//EN//2.0</code>" </li>-->
3823: <!--<li> The public identifier is set to: "<code title="">-//IETF//DTD HTML//EN//3.0</code>" </li>-->
3824: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//Metrius//DTD Metrius Presentational//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
3825: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//Microsoft//DTD Internet Explorer 2.0 HTML Strict//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
3826: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//Microsoft//DTD Internet Explorer 2.0 HTML//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
3827: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//Microsoft//DTD Internet Explorer 2.0 Tables//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
3828: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//Microsoft//DTD Internet Explorer 3.0 HTML Strict//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
3829: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//Microsoft//DTD Internet Explorer 3.0 HTML//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
3830: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//Microsoft//DTD Internet Explorer 3.0 Tables//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
3831: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//Netscape Comm. Corp.//DTD HTML//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
3832: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//Netscape Comm. Corp.//DTD Strict HTML//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
3833: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//O'Reilly and Associates//DTD HTML 2.0//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
3834: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//O'Reilly and Associates//DTD HTML Extended 1.0//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
3835: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//O'Reilly and Associates//DTD HTML Extended Relaxed 1.0//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
3836: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//SoftQuad Software//DTD HoTMetaL PRO 6.0::19990601::extensions to HTML 4.0//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
3837: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//SoftQuad//DTD HoTMetaL PRO 4.0::19971010::extensions to HTML 4.0//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
3838: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//Spyglass//DTD HTML 2.0 Extended//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
3839: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//SQ//DTD HTML 2.0 HoTMetaL + extensions//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
3840: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//Sun Microsystems Corp.//DTD HotJava HTML//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
3841: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//Sun Microsystems Corp.//DTD HotJava Strict HTML//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
3842: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//W3C//DTD HTML 3 1995-03-24//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
3843: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//W3C//DTD HTML 3.2 Draft//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
3844: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//W3C//DTD HTML 3.2 Final//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
3845: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//W3C//DTD HTML 3.2//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
3846: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//W3C//DTD HTML 3.2S Draft//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
3847: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Frameset//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
3848: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
3849: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//W3C//DTD HTML Experimental 19960712//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
3850: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//W3C//DTD HTML Experimental 970421//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
3851: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//W3C//DTD W3 HTML//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
3852: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//W3O//DTD W3 HTML 3.0//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
3853: <!--<li> The public identifier is set to: "<code title="">-//W3O//DTD W3 HTML 3.0//EN//</code>" </li>-->
3854: <li> The public identifier is set to: "<code title="">-//W3O//DTD W3 HTML Strict 3.0//EN//</code>" </li>
3855: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//WebTechs//DTD Mozilla HTML 2.0//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
3856: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//WebTechs//DTD Mozilla HTML//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
3857: <li> The public identifier is set to: "<code title="">-/W3C/DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional/EN</code>" </li>
3858: <li> The public identifier is set to: "<code title="">HTML</code>" </li>
3859: <li> The system identifier is set to: "<code title="">http://www.ibm.com/data/dtd/v11/ibmxhtml1-transitional.dtd</code>" </li>
3860: <li> The system identifier is missing and the public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Frameset//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
3861: <li> The system identifier is missing and the public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
3862: </ul><p>Otherwise, if the DOCTYPE token matches one of the conditions
3863: in the following list, then set the <code>Document</code> to
3864: <a href="dom.html#limited-quirks-mode">limited quirks mode</a>:</p>
3865:
3866: <ul class="brief"><li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Frameset//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
3867: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
3868: <li> The system identifier is not missing and the public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Frameset//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
3869: <li> The system identifier is not missing and the public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
3870: </ul><p>The name, system identifier, and public identifier strings must
3871: be compared to the values given in the lists above in an
3872: <a href="infrastructure.html#ascii-case-insensitive">ASCII case-insensitive</a> manner. A system identifier
3873: whose value is the empty string is not considered missing for the
3874: purposes of the conditions above.</p>
3875:
3876: <p>Then, switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to "<a href="#the-before-html-insertion-mode" title="insertion mode: before html">before html</a>".</p>
3877:
3878: </dd>
3879:
3880: <dt>Anything else</dt>
3881: <dd>
3882:
3883: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>.</p>
3884:
3885: <p>Set the <code>Document</code> to <a href="dom.html#quirks-mode">quirks mode</a>.</p>
3886:
3887: <p>Switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to "<a href="#the-before-html-insertion-mode" title="insertion mode: before html">before html</a>", then
3888: reprocess the current token.</p>
3889:
3890: </dd>
3891:
3892: </dl><h5 id="the-before-html-insertion-mode"><span class="secno">9.2.5.5 </span>The "<dfn title="insertion mode: before html">before html</dfn>" insertion mode</h5>
3893:
3894: <p>When the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> is "<a href="#the-before-html-insertion-mode" title="insertion
3895: mode: before html">before html</a>", tokens must be handled as follows:</p>
3896:
3897: <dl class="switch"><dt>A DOCTYPE token</dt>
3898: <dd>
3899: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Ignore the token.</p>
3900: </dd>
3901:
3902: <dt>A comment token</dt>
3903: <dd>
3904: <p>Append a <code>Comment</code> node to the <code>Document</code>
3905: object with the <code title="">data</code> attribute set to the
3906: data given in the comment token.</p>
3907: </dd>
3908:
3909: <dt>A character token that is one of U+0009 CHARACTER
3910: TABULATION, U+000A LINE FEED (LF), U+000C FORM FEED (FF),
3911: <!--U+000D CARRIAGE RETURN (CR),--> or U+0020 SPACE</dt>
3912: <dd>
3913: <p>Ignore the token.</p>
3914: </dd>
3915:
3916: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "html"</dt>
3917: <dd>
3918:
3919: <p><a href="#create-an-element-for-the-token">Create an element for the token</a> in the <a href="#html-namespace-0">HTML
3920: namespace</a>. Append it to the <code>Document</code>
3921: object. Put this element in the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open
3922: elements</a>.</p>
3923:
3924: <p id="parser-appcache">If the <code>Document</code> is being
3925: loaded as part of <a href="history.html#navigate" title="navigate">navigation</a> of a
3926: <a href="browsers.html#browsing-context">browsing context</a>, then: if the newly created element
3927: has a <code title="attr-html-manifest"><a href="semantics.html#attr-html-manifest">manifest</a></code> attribute,
3928: then <a href="infrastructure.html#resolve-a-url" title="resolve a url">resolve</a> the value of that
3929: attribute to an <a href="infrastructure.html#absolute-url">absolute URL</a>, relative to the newly
3930: created element, and if that is successful, run the <a href="offline.html#concept-appcache-init" title="concept-appcache-init">application cache selection
1.29 mike 3931: algorithm</a> with the resulting <a href="infrastructure.html#absolute-url">absolute URL</a> with
3932: any <a href="infrastructure.html#url-fragment" title="url-fragment"><fragment></a> component
3933: removed; otherwise, if there is no such attribute or resolving it
3934: fails, run the <a href="offline.html#concept-appcache-init" title="concept-appcache-init">application
3935: cache selection algorithm</a> with no manifest. The algorithm
3936: must be passed the <code>Document</code> object.</p>
1.1 mike 3937:
3938: <p>Switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to "<a href="#the-before-head-insertion-mode" title="insertion mode: before head">before head</a>".</p>
3939:
3940: </dd>
3941:
3942: <dt>Anything else</dt>
3943: <dd>
3944:
3945: <p>Create an <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element">html</a></code> element. Append it to the
3946: <code>Document</code> object. Put this element in the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack
3947: of open elements</a>.</p>
3948:
3949: <p>If the <code>Document</code> is being loaded as part of <a href="history.html#navigate" title="navigate">navigation</a> of a <a href="browsers.html#browsing-context">browsing
3950: context</a>, then: run the <a href="offline.html#concept-appcache-init" title="concept-appcache-init">application cache selection
3951: algorithm</a> with no manifest, passing it the
3952: <code>Document</code> object.</p>
3953:
3954: <p>Switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to "<a href="#the-before-head-insertion-mode" title="insertion mode: before head">before head</a>", then
3955: reprocess the current token.</p>
3956:
3957: <p class="XXX">Should probably make end tags be ignored, so
3958: that "</head><!-- --><html>" puts the comment before the
3959: root node (or should we?)</p>
3960:
3961: </dd>
3962:
3963: </dl><p>The root element can end up being removed from the
3964: <code>Document</code> object, e.g. by scripts; nothing in particular
3965: happens in such cases, content continues being appended to the nodes
3966: as described in the next section.</p>
3967:
3968:
3969: <h5 id="the-before-head-insertion-mode"><span class="secno">9.2.5.6 </span>The "<dfn title="insertion mode: before head">before head</dfn>" insertion mode</h5>
3970:
3971: <p>When the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> is "<a href="#the-before-head-insertion-mode" title="insertion
3972: mode: before head">before head</a>", tokens must be handled as follows:</p>
3973:
3974: <dl class="switch"><dt>A character token that is one of U+0009 CHARACTER
3975: TABULATION, U+000A LINE FEED (LF), U+000C FORM FEED (FF),
3976: <!--U+000D CARRIAGE RETURN (CR),--> or U+0020 SPACE</dt>
3977: <dd>
3978: <p>Ignore the token.</p> <!-- :-( -->
3979: </dd>
3980:
3981: <dt>A comment token</dt>
3982: <dd>
3983: <p>Append a <code>Comment</code> node to the <a href="#current-node">current
3984: node</a> with the <code title="">data</code> attribute set to
3985: the data given in the comment token.</p>
3986: </dd>
3987:
3988: <dt>A DOCTYPE token</dt>
3989: <dd>
3990: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Ignore the token.</p>
3991: </dd>
3992:
3993: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "html"</dt>
3994: <dd>
3995: <p>Process the token <a href="#using-the-rules-for">using the rules for</a> the "<a href="#parsing-main-inbody" title="insertion mode: in body">in body</a>" <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion
3996: mode</a>.</p>
3997: </dd>
3998:
3999: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "head"</dt>
4000: <dd>
4001:
4002: <p><a href="#insert-an-html-element">Insert an HTML element</a> for the token.</p>
4003:
4004: <p>Set the <a href="#head-element-pointer"><code title="">head</code> element pointer</a>
4005: to the newly created <code><a href="semantics.html#the-head-element">head</a></code> element.</p>
4006:
4007: <p>Switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to "<a href="#parsing-main-inhead" title="insertion mode: in head">in head</a>".</p>
4008:
4009: </dd>
4010:
4011: <dt>An end tag whose tag name is one of: "head", "body", "html", "br"</dt>
4012: <dd>
4013:
4014: <p>Act as if a start tag token with the tag name "head" and no
4015: attributes had been seen, then reprocess the current token.</p>
4016:
4017: </dd>
4018:
4019: <dt>Any other end tag</dt>
4020: <dd>
4021:
4022: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Ignore the token.</p>
4023:
4024: </dd>
4025:
4026: <dt>Anything else</dt>
4027: <dd>
4028:
4029: <p>Act as if a start tag token with the tag name "head" and no
4030: attributes had been seen, then reprocess the current
4031: token.</p>
4032:
4033: </dd>
4034:
4035: </dl><h5 id="parsing-main-inhead"><span class="secno">9.2.5.7 </span>The "<dfn title="insertion mode: in head">in head</dfn>" insertion mode</h5>
4036:
4037: <p>When the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> is "<a href="#parsing-main-inhead" title="insertion
4038: mode: in head">in head</a>", tokens must be handled as follows:</p>
4039:
4040: <dl class="switch"><dt>A character token that is one of U+0009 CHARACTER
4041: TABULATION, U+000A LINE FEED (LF), U+000C FORM FEED (FF),
4042: <!--U+000D CARRIAGE RETURN (CR),--> or U+0020 SPACE</dt>
4043: <dd>
4044: <p><a href="#insert-a-character" title="insert a character">Insert the character</a> into
4045: the <a href="#current-node">current node</a>.</p>
4046: </dd>
4047:
4048: <dt>A comment token</dt>
4049: <dd>
4050: <p>Append a <code>Comment</code> node to the <a href="#current-node">current
4051: node</a> with the <code title="">data</code> attribute set to
4052: the data given in the comment token.</p>
4053: </dd>
4054:
4055: <dt>A DOCTYPE token</dt>
4056: <dd>
4057: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Ignore the token.</p>
4058: </dd>
4059:
4060: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "html"</dt>
4061: <dd>
4062: <p>Process the token <a href="#using-the-rules-for">using the rules for</a> the "<a href="#parsing-main-inbody" title="insertion mode: in body">in body</a>" <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion
4063: mode</a>.</p>
4064: </dd>
4065:
4066: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is one of: "base", "command",
4067: "link"</dt>
4068: <dd>
4069:
4070: <p><a href="#insert-an-html-element">Insert an HTML element</a> for the token. Immediately
4071: pop the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> off the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open
4072: elements</a>.</p>
4073:
4074: <p><a href="#acknowledge-self-closing-flag" title="acknowledge self-closing flag">Acknowledge the
4075: token's <i>self-closing flag</i></a>, if it is set.</p>
4076:
4077: </dd>
4078:
4079: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "meta"</dt>
4080: <dd>
4081:
4082: <p><a href="#insert-an-html-element">Insert an HTML element</a> for the token. Immediately
4083: pop the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> off the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open
4084: elements</a>.</p>
4085:
4086: <p><a href="#acknowledge-self-closing-flag" title="acknowledge self-closing flag">Acknowledge the
4087: token's <i>self-closing flag</i></a>, if it is set.</p>
4088:
4089: <p id="meta-charset-during-parse">If the element has a <code title="attr-meta-charset"><a href="semantics.html#attr-meta-charset">charset</a></code> attribute, and its
4090: value is a supported encoding, and the <a href="#concept-encoding-confidence" title="concept-encoding-confidence">confidence</a> is
4091: currently <i>tentative</i>, then <a href="#change-the-encoding">change the
4092: encoding</a> to the encoding given by the value of the
4093: <code title="attr-meta-charset"><a href="semantics.html#attr-meta-charset">charset</a></code> attribute.</p>
4094:
4095: <p>Otherwise, if the element has a <code title="attr-meta-charset"><a href="semantics.html#attr-meta-charset">content</a></code> attribute, and
4096: applying the <a href="infrastructure.html#algorithm-for-extracting-an-encoding-from-a-content-type">algorithm for extracting an encoding from a
4097: Content-Type</a> to its value returns a supported encoding
4098: <var title="">encoding</var>, and the <a href="#concept-encoding-confidence" title="concept-encoding-confidence">confidence</a> is
4099: currently <i>tentative</i>, then <a href="#change-the-encoding">change the
4100: encoding</a> to the encoding <var title="">encoding</var>.</p>
4101:
4102: </dd>
4103:
4104: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "title"</dt>
4105: <dd>
4106: <p>Follow the <a href="#generic-rcdata-element-parsing-algorithm">generic RCDATA element parsing algorithm</a>.</p>
4107: </dd>
4108:
4109: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "noscript", if the <a href="#scripting-flag">scripting flag</a> is enabled</dt>
4110: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is one of: "noframes", "style"</dt>
4111: <dd>
1.91 mike 4112: <p>Follow the <a href="#generic-raw-text-element-parsing-algorithm">generic raw text element parsing algorithm</a>.</p>
1.1 mike 4113: </dd>
4114:
4115: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "noscript", if the <a href="#scripting-flag">scripting flag</a> is disabled</dt>
4116: <dd>
4117:
4118: <p><a href="#insert-an-html-element">Insert an HTML element</a> for the token.</p>
4119:
4120: <p>Switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to "<a href="#parsing-main-inheadnoscript" title="insertion mode: in head noscript">in head
4121: noscript</a>".</p>
4122:
4123: </dd>
4124:
4125: <dt id="scriptTag">A start tag whose tag name is "script"</dt>
4126: <dd>
4127:
4128: <ol><li><p><a href="#create-an-element-for-the-token">Create an element for the token</a> in the
4129: <a href="#html-namespace-0">HTML namespace</a>.</p></li>
4130:
4131: <li>
4132:
4133: <p>Mark the element as being <a href="semantics.html#parser-inserted">"parser-inserted"</a>.</p>
4134:
4135: <p class="note">This ensures that, if the script is external,
4136: any <code title="dom-document-write"><a href="dom.html#dom-document-write">document.write()</a></code>
4137: calls in the script will execute in-line, instead of blowing the
4138: document away, as would happen in most other cases. It also
4139: prevents the script from executing until the end tag is
4140: seen.</p>
4141:
4142: </li>
4143:
4144: <li><p>If the parser was originally created for the <a href="#html-fragment-parsing-algorithm">HTML
4145: fragment parsing algorithm</a>, then mark the
4146: <code><a href="semantics.html#script">script</a></code> element as <a href="semantics.html#already-executed">"already
4147: executed"</a>. (<a href="#fragment-case">fragment case</a>)</p></li>
4148:
4149: <li><p>Append the new element to the <a href="#current-node">current node</a>
4150: and push it onto the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open
4151: elements</a>.</p></li>
4152:
4153: <li><p>Switch the tokenizer's <a href="#content-model-flag">content model flag</a> to
1.91 mike 4154: the RAWTEXT state.</p></li>
1.1 mike 4155:
4156: <li><p>Let the <a href="#original-insertion-mode">original insertion mode</a> be the current
4157: <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a>.</p>
4158:
1.91 mike 4159: </li><li><p>Switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to "<a href="#parsing-main-incdata" title="insertion mode: in RAWTEXT/RCDATA">in
4160: RAWTEXT/RCDATA</a>".</p></li>
1.1 mike 4161:
4162: </ol></dd>
4163:
4164: <dt>An end tag whose tag name is "head"</dt>
4165: <dd>
4166:
4167: <p>Pop the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> (which will be the
4168: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-head-element">head</a></code> element) off the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open
4169: elements</a>.</p>
4170:
4171: <p>Switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to "<a href="#the-after-head-insertion-mode" title="insertion mode: after head">after head</a>".</p>
4172:
4173: </dd>
4174:
4175: <dt>An end tag whose tag name is one of: "body", "html", "br"</dt>
4176: <dd>
4177: <p>Act as described in the "anything else" entry below.</p>
4178: </dd>
4179:
4180: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "head"</dt>
4181: <dt>Any other end tag</dt>
4182: <dd>
4183: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Ignore the token.</p>
4184: </dd>
4185:
4186: <dt>Anything else</dt>
4187: <dd>
4188:
4189: <!-- can't get here with an EOF and a fragment case -->
4190:
4191: <p>Act as if an end tag token with the tag name "head" had
4192: been seen, and reprocess the current token.</p>
4193:
4194: <p class="XXX">In certain UAs, <a href="https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/attachment.cgi?id=180157&action=view">some
4195: elements</a> don't trigger the "in body" mode straight away,
4196: but instead get put into the head. Do we want to copy
4197: that?</p>
4198:
4199: </dd>
4200:
4201: </dl><h5 id="parsing-main-inheadnoscript"><span class="secno">9.2.5.8 </span>The "<dfn title="insertion mode: in head noscript">in head noscript</dfn>" insertion mode</h5>
4202:
4203: <p>When the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> is "<a href="#parsing-main-inheadnoscript" title="insertion
4204: mode: in head noscript">in head noscript</a>", tokens must be handled as follows:</p>
4205:
4206: <dl class="switch"><dt>A DOCTYPE token</dt>
4207: <dd>
4208: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Ignore the token.</p>
4209: </dd>
4210:
4211: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "html"</dt>
4212: <dd>
4213: <p>Process the token <a href="#using-the-rules-for">using the rules for</a> the "<a href="#parsing-main-inbody" title="insertion mode: in body">in body</a>" <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion
4214: mode</a>.</p>
4215: </dd>
4216:
4217: <dt>An end tag whose tag name is "noscript"</dt>
4218: <dd>
4219:
4220: <p>Pop the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> (which will be a
4221: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-noscript-element">noscript</a></code> element) from the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open
4222: elements</a>; the new <a href="#current-node">current node</a> will be a
4223: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-head-element">head</a></code> element.</p>
4224:
4225: <p>Switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to "<a href="#parsing-main-inhead" title="insertion mode: in head">in head</a>".</p>
4226:
4227: </dd>
4228:
4229: <dt>A character token that is one of U+0009 CHARACTER
4230: TABULATION, U+000A LINE FEED (LF), U+000C FORM FEED (FF),
4231: <!--U+000D CARRIAGE RETURN (CR),--> or U+0020 SPACE</dt>
4232: <dt>A comment token</dt>
4233: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is one of: "link", "meta", "noframes", "style"</dt>
4234: <dd>
4235: <p>Process the token <a href="#using-the-rules-for">using the rules for</a> the "<a href="#parsing-main-inhead" title="insertion mode: in head">in head</a>" <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion
4236: mode</a>.</p>
4237: </dd>
4238:
4239: <dt>An end tag whose tag name is "br"</dt>
4240: <dd>
4241: <p>Act as described in the "anything else" entry below.</p>
4242: </dd>
4243:
4244: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is one of: "head", "noscript"</dt>
4245: <dt>Any other end tag</dt>
4246: <dd>
4247: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Ignore the token.</p>
4248: </dd>
4249:
4250: <dt>Anything else</dt>
4251: <dd>
4252:
4253: <!-- can't get here with an EOF and a fragment case -->
4254:
4255: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Act as if an end tag with the tag
4256: name "noscript" had been seen and reprocess the current
4257: token.</p>
4258:
4259: </dd>
4260:
4261: </dl><h5 id="the-after-head-insertion-mode"><span class="secno">9.2.5.9 </span>The "<dfn title="insertion mode: after head">after head</dfn>" insertion mode</h5>
4262:
4263: <p>When the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> is "<a href="#the-after-head-insertion-mode" title="insertion
4264: mode: after head">after head</a>", tokens must be handled as follows:</p>
4265:
4266: <dl class="switch"><dt>A character token that is one of U+0009 CHARACTER
4267: TABULATION, U+000A LINE FEED (LF), U+000C FORM FEED (FF),
4268: <!--U+000D CARRIAGE RETURN (CR),--> or U+0020 SPACE</dt>
4269: <dd>
4270: <p><a href="#insert-a-character" title="insert a character">Insert the character</a> into
4271: the <a href="#current-node">current node</a>.</p>
4272: </dd>
4273:
4274: <dt>A comment token</dt>
4275: <dd>
4276: <p>Append a <code>Comment</code> node to the <a href="#current-node">current
4277: node</a> with the <code title="">data</code> attribute set to
4278: the data given in the comment token.</p>
4279: </dd>
4280:
4281: <dt>A DOCTYPE token</dt>
4282: <dd>
4283: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Ignore the token.</p>
4284: </dd>
4285:
4286: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "html"</dt>
4287: <dd>
4288: <p>Process the token <a href="#using-the-rules-for">using the rules for</a> the "<a href="#parsing-main-inbody" title="insertion mode: in body">in body</a>" <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion
4289: mode</a>.</p>
4290: </dd>
4291:
4292: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "body"</dt>
4293: <dd>
4294:
4295: <p><a href="#insert-an-html-element">Insert an HTML element</a> for the token.</p>
4296:
4297: <p>Set the <a href="#frameset-ok-flag">frameset-ok flag</a> to "not ok".</p>
4298:
4299: <p>Switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to "<a href="#parsing-main-inbody" title="insertion mode: in body">in body</a>".</p>
4300:
4301: </dd>
4302:
4303: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "frameset"</dt>
4304: <dd>
4305:
4306: <p><a href="#insert-an-html-element">Insert an HTML element</a> for the token.</p>
4307:
4308: <p>Switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to "<a href="#parsing-main-inframeset" title="insertion mode: in frameset">in frameset</a>".</p>
4309:
4310: </dd>
4311:
4312: <dt>A start tag token whose tag name is one of: "base", "link",
4313: "meta", "noframes", "script", "style", "title"</dt>
4314: <dd>
4315:
4316: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>.</p>
4317:
4318: <p>Push the node pointed to by the <a href="#head-element-pointer"><code title="">head</code> element pointer</a> onto the
4319: <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a>.</p>
4320:
4321: <p>Process the token <a href="#using-the-rules-for">using the rules for</a> the "<a href="#parsing-main-inhead" title="insertion mode: in head">in head</a>" <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion
4322: mode</a>.</p>
4323:
4324: <p>Remove the node pointed to by the <a href="#head-element-pointer"><code title="">head</code> element pointer</a> from the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack
4325: of open elements</a>.</p>
4326:
4327: <p class="note">The <a href="#head-element-pointer"><code title="">head</code> element
4328: pointer</a> cannot be null at this point.</p>
4329:
4330: </dd>
4331:
4332: <dt>An end tag whose tag name is one of: "body", "html", "br"</dt>
4333: <dd>
4334: <p>Act as described in the "anything else" entry below.</p>
4335: </dd>
4336:
4337: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "head"</dt>
4338: <dt>Any other end tag</dt>
4339: <dd>
4340: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Ignore the token.</p>
4341: </dd>
4342:
4343: <dt>Anything else</dt>
4344: <dd>
4345: <p>Act as if a start tag token with the tag name "body" and no
4346: attributes had been seen, then set the <a href="#frameset-ok-flag">frameset-ok
4347: flag</a> back to "ok", and then reprocess the current
4348: token.</p>
4349: </dd>
4350:
4351: </dl><h5 id="parsing-main-inbody"><span class="secno">9.2.5.10 </span>The "<dfn title="insertion mode: in body">in body</dfn>" insertion mode</h5>
4352:
4353: <p>When the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> is "<a href="#parsing-main-inbody" title="insertion
4354: mode: in body">in body</a>", tokens must be handled as follows:</p>
4355:
4356: <dl class="switch"><dt>A character token</dt>
4357: <dd>
4358:
4359: <p><a href="#reconstruct-the-active-formatting-elements">Reconstruct the active formatting elements</a>, if
4360: any.</p>
4361:
4362: <p><a href="#insert-a-character" title="insert a character">Insert the token's
4363: character</a> into the <a href="#current-node">current node</a>.</p>
4364:
4365: <p>If the token is not one of U+0009 CHARACTER TABULATION, U+000A
4366: LINE FEED (LF), U+000C FORM FEED (FF), <!--U+000D CARRIAGE RETURN
4367: (CR),--> or U+0020 SPACE, then set the <a href="#frameset-ok-flag">frameset-ok
4368: flag</a> to "not ok".</p>
4369:
4370: </dd>
4371:
4372: <dt>A comment token</dt>
4373: <dd>
4374: <p>Append a <code>Comment</code> node to the <a href="#current-node">current
4375: node</a> with the <code title="">data</code> attribute set to
4376: the data given in the comment token.</p>
4377: </dd>
4378:
4379: <dt>A DOCTYPE token</dt>
4380: <dd>
4381: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Ignore the token.</p>
4382: </dd>
4383:
4384: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "html"</dt>
4385: <dd>
4386: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. For each attribute on the token,
4387: check to see if the attribute is already present on the top
4388: element of the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a>. If it is not,
4389: add the attribute and its corresponding value to that element.</p>
4390: </dd>
4391:
4392: <dt>A start tag token whose tag name is one of: "base", "command",
4393: "link", "meta", "noframes", "script", "style", "title"</dt>
4394: <dd>
4395: <p>Process the token <a href="#using-the-rules-for">using the rules for</a> the "<a href="#parsing-main-inhead" title="insertion mode: in head">in head</a>" <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion
4396: mode</a>.</p>
4397: </dd>
4398:
4399: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "body"</dt>
4400: <dd>
4401:
4402: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>.</p>
4403:
4404: <p>If the second element on the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open
4405: elements</a> is not a <code><a href="semantics.html#the-body-element">body</a></code> element, or, if the
4406: <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> has only one node on it,
4407: then ignore the token. (<a href="#fragment-case">fragment case</a>)</p>
4408:
4409: <p>Otherwise, for each attribute on the token, check to see if
4410: the attribute is already present on the <code><a href="semantics.html#the-body-element">body</a></code>
4411: element (the second element) on the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open
4412: elements</a>. If it is not, add the attribute and its
4413: corresponding value to that element.</p>
4414:
4415: </dd>
4416:
4417: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "frameset"</dt>
4418: <dd>
4419:
4420: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>.</p>
4421:
4422: <p>If the second element on the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open
4423: elements</a> is not a <code><a href="semantics.html#the-body-element">body</a></code> element, or, if the
4424: <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> has only one node on it,
4425: then ignore the token. (<a href="#fragment-case">fragment case</a>)</p>
4426:
4427: <p>If the <a href="#frameset-ok-flag">frameset-ok flag</a> is set to "not ok", ignore
4428: the token.</p>
4429:
4430: <p>Otherwise, run the following steps:</p>
4431:
4432: <ol><li><p>Remove the second element on the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open
4433: elements</a> from its parent node, if it has one.</p></li>
4434:
4435: <li><p>Pop all the nodes from the bottom of the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of
4436: open elements</a>, from the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> up to,
4437: but not including, the root <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element">html</a></code> element.</p>
4438:
4439: </li><li><p><a href="#insert-an-html-element">Insert an HTML element</a> for the
4440: token.</p></li>
4441:
4442: <li><p>Switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to "<a href="#parsing-main-inframeset" title="insertion mode: in frameset">in frameset</a>".</p>
4443:
4444: </li></ol></dd>
4445:
4446: <dt>An end-of-file token</dt>
4447: <dd>
4448:
4449: <p>If there is a node in the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a>
4450: that is not either a <code><a href="semantics.html#the-dd-element">dd</a></code> element, a <code><a href="semantics.html#the-dt-element">dt</a></code>
4451: element, an <code><a href="semantics.html#the-li-element">li</a></code> element, a <code><a href="semantics.html#the-p-element">p</a></code> element, a
4452: <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tbody-element">tbody</a></code> element, a <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-td-element">td</a></code> element, a
4453: <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tfoot-element">tfoot</a></code> element, a <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-th-element">th</a></code> element, a
4454: <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-thead-element">thead</a></code> element, a <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tr-element">tr</a></code> element, the
4455: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-body-element">body</a></code> element, or the <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element">html</a></code> element, then
4456: this is a <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a>.</p> <!-- (some of those are
4457: fragment cases) -->
4458:
4459: <p><a href="#stop-parsing">Stop parsing</a>.</p>
4460:
4461: </dd>
4462:
4463: <dt>An end tag whose tag name is "body"</dt>
4464: <dd>
4465:
4466: <p>If the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> does not <a href="#has-an-element-in-scope" title="has an element in scope">have a <code>body</code> element
4467: in scope</a>, this is a <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a>; ignore the
4468: token.</p>
4469:
4470: <!-- if we get here, the insertion mode here is forcibly "in
4471: body". -->
4472:
4473: <p>Otherwise, if there is a node in the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open
4474: elements</a> that is not either a <code><a href="semantics.html#the-dd-element">dd</a></code> element, a
4475: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-dt-element">dt</a></code> element, an <code><a href="semantics.html#the-li-element">li</a></code> element, an
4476: <code><a href="forms.html#the-optgroup-element">optgroup</a></code> element, an <code><a href="forms.html#the-option-element">option</a></code> element, a
4477: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-p-element">p</a></code> element, an <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-rp-element">rp</a></code> element, an
4478: <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-rt-element">rt</a></code> element, a <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tbody-element">tbody</a></code> element, a
4479: <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-td-element">td</a></code> element, a <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tfoot-element">tfoot</a></code> element, a
4480: <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-th-element">th</a></code> element, a <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-thead-element">thead</a></code> element, a
4481: <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tr-element">tr</a></code> element, the <code><a href="semantics.html#the-body-element">body</a></code> element, or the
4482: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element">html</a></code> element, then this is a <a href="#parse-error">parse
4483: error</a>.</p> <!-- (some of those are fragment cases, e.g. for
4484: <tbody> you'd have hit the first paragraph since the <body>
4485: wouldn't be in scope, unless it was a fragment case) -->
4486:
4487: <!-- If we ever change the frameset-ok flag to an insertion mode,
4488: then we'd have to somehow keep track of its state when we switch
4489: to after-body. -->
4490:
4491: <p>Switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to "<a href="#parsing-main-afterbody" title="insertion mode: after body">after body</a>".</p>
4492:
4493: </dd>
4494:
4495: <dt>An end tag whose tag name is "html"</dt>
4496: <dd>
4497:
4498: <p>Act as if an end tag with tag name "body" had been seen,
4499: then, if that token wasn't ignored, reprocess the current
4500: token.</p>
4501:
4502: <p class="note">The fake end tag token here can only be
4503: ignored in the <a href="#fragment-case">fragment case</a>.</p>
4504:
4505: </dd>
4506:
4507: <!-- start tags for non-phrasing flow content elements -->
4508:
4509: <!-- the normal ones -->
4510: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is one of: "address", "article",
1.86 mike 4511: "aside", "blockquote", "center", <!--v2DATAGRID-->"datagrid",
4512: "details", "dialog", "dir", "div", "dl", "fieldset", "figure",
4513: "footer", "header", "hgroup", "menu", "nav", "ol", "p", "section",
4514: "ul"</dt>
1.1 mike 4515: <dd>
4516:
4517: <!-- As of May 2008 this doesn't match any browser exactly, but is
4518: as close to what IE does as I can get without doing the non-tree
4519: DOM nonsense, and thus should actually afford better compatibility
4520: when implemented by the other browsers. -->
4521:
4522: <p>If the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> <a href="#has-an-element-in-scope" title="has
4523: an element in scope">has a <code>p</code> element in
4524: scope</a>, then act as if an end tag with the tag name
4525: "p" had been seen.</p>
4526:
4527: <p><a href="#insert-an-html-element">Insert an HTML element</a> for the token.</p>
4528:
4529: </dd>
4530:
4531: <!-- as normal, but close h1-h6 if it's the current node -->
4532: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is one of: "h1", "h2", "h3", "h4",
4533: "h5", "h6"</dt>
4534: <dd>
4535:
4536: <p>If the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> <a href="#has-an-element-in-scope" title="has
4537: an element in scope">has a <code>p</code> element in
4538: scope</a>, then act as if an end tag with the tag name
4539: "p" had been seen.</p>
4540:
4541: <p>If the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> is an element whose tag name
4542: is one of "h1", "h2", "h3", "h4", "h5", or "h6", then this is a
4543: <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a>; pop the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> off
4544: the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a>.</p>
4545: <!-- See https://bugs.webkit.org/show_bug.cgi?id=12646 -->
4546:
4547: <p><a href="#insert-an-html-element">Insert an HTML element</a> for the token.</p>
4548:
4549: </dd>
4550:
4551: <!-- as normal, but drops leading newline -->
4552: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is one of: "pre", "listing"</dt>
4553: <dd>
4554:
4555: <p>If the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> <a href="#has-an-element-in-scope" title="has
4556: an element in scope">has a <code>p</code> element in
4557: scope</a>, then act as if an end tag with the tag name
4558: "p" had been seen.</p>
4559:
4560: <p><a href="#insert-an-html-element">Insert an HTML element</a> for the token.</p>
4561:
4562: <p>If the next token is a U+000A LINE FEED (LF) character
4563: token, then ignore that token and move on to the next
4564: one. (Newlines at the start of <code><a href="semantics.html#the-pre-element">pre</a></code> blocks are
4565: ignored as an authoring convenience.)</p>
4566:
4567: <p>Set the <a href="#frameset-ok-flag">frameset-ok flag</a> to "not ok".</p>
4568:
4569: </dd>
4570:
4571: <!-- as normal, but interacts with the form element pointer -->
4572: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "form"</dt>
4573: <dd>
4574:
4575: <p>If the <a href="#form-element-pointer"><code title="form">form</code> element
4576: pointer</a> is not null, then this is a <a href="#parse-error">parse
4577: error</a>; ignore the token.</p>
4578:
4579: <p>Otherwise:</p>
4580:
4581: <p>If the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> <a href="#has-an-element-in-scope" title="has
4582: an element in scope">has a <code>p</code> element in
4583: scope</a>, then act as if an end tag with the tag name
4584: "p" had been seen.</p>
4585:
4586: <p><a href="#insert-an-html-element">Insert an HTML element</a> for the token, and set the
4587: <a href="#form-element-pointer"><code title="form">form</code> element pointer</a> to
4588: point to the element created.</p>
4589:
4590: </dd>
4591:
4592: <!-- as normal, but imply </li> when there's another <li> open in weird cases -->
4593: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "li"</dt>
4594: <dd>
4595:
4596: <p>Run the following algorithm:</p>
4597:
4598: <ol><li><p>Set the <a href="#frameset-ok-flag">frameset-ok flag</a> to "not ok".</p></li>
4599:
4600: <li><p>Initialize <var title="">node</var> to be the <a href="#current-node">current
4601: node</a> (the bottommost node of the stack).</p></li>
4602:
4603: <li><p>If <var title="">node</var> is an <code><a href="semantics.html#the-li-element">li</a></code> element,
4604: then act as if an end tag with the tag name "li" had
4605: been seen, then jump to the last step.</p></li>
4606:
4607: <li><p><i>Loop</i>: If <var title="">node</var> is not in the
4608: <a href="#formatting">formatting</a> category, and is not in the
4609: <a href="#phrasing">phrasing</a> category, and is not an
4610: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-address-element">address</a></code>, <code><a href="interactive-elements.html#the-div-element">div</a></code>, or <code><a href="semantics.html#the-p-element">p</a></code>
4611: element, then jump to the last step.</p></li> <!-- an element
4612: <foo> is in this list if the following markup:
4613:
4614: <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"><body><ol><li><foo><li>
4615:
4616: ...results in the second <li> not being (in any way) a descendant
4617: of the first <li>, or if <foo> is a formatting element that gets
4618: reopened later. -->
4619:
4620: <li><p>Otherwise, set <var title="">node</var> to the previous
4621: entry in the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> and return to
4622: the step labeled <i>loop</i>.</p></li>
4623:
4624: <li>
4625:
4626: <p>This is the last step.</p>
4627:
4628: <p>If the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> <a href="#has-an-element-in-scope" title="has
4629: an element in scope">has a <code>p</code> element in
4630: scope</a>, then act as if an end tag with the tag name
4631: "p" had been seen.</p>
4632:
4633: <p>Finally, <a href="#insert-an-html-element">insert an HTML element</a> for the
4634: token.</p>
4635:
4636: </li>
4637:
4638: </ol></dd>
4639:
4640: <!-- as normal, but imply </dt> or </dd> when there's another <dt> or <dd> open in weird cases -->
4641: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is one of: "dd", "dt"</dt>
4642: <dd>
4643:
4644: <p>Run the following algorithm:</p>
4645:
4646: <ol><li><p>Set the <a href="#frameset-ok-flag">frameset-ok flag</a> to "not ok".</p></li>
4647:
4648: <li><p>Initialize <var title="">node</var> to be the <a href="#current-node">current
4649: node</a> (the bottommost node of the stack).</p></li>
4650:
4651: <li><p><i>Loop</i>: If <var title="">node</var> is a
4652: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-dd-element">dd</a></code> or <code><a href="semantics.html#the-dt-element">dt</a></code> element, then act as if an end
4653: tag with the same tag name as <var title="">node</var> had been
4654: seen, then jump to the last step.</p></li>
4655:
4656: <li><p>If <var title="">node</var> is not in the
4657: <a href="#formatting">formatting</a> category, and is not in the
4658: <a href="#phrasing">phrasing</a> category, and is not an
4659: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-address-element">address</a></code>, <code><a href="interactive-elements.html#the-div-element">div</a></code>, or <code><a href="semantics.html#the-p-element">p</a></code>
4660: element, then jump to the last step.</p></li> <!-- an element
4661: <foo> is in this list if the following markup:
4662:
4663: <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"><body><dl><dt><foo><dt>
4664:
4665: ...results in the second <dt> not being (in any way) a descendant
4666: of the first <dt>, or if <foo> is a formatting element that gets
4667: reopened later. -->
4668:
4669: <li><p>Otherwise, set <var title="">node</var> to the previous
4670: entry in the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> and return to
4671: the step labeled <i>loop</i>.</p></li>
4672:
4673: <li>
4674:
4675: <p>This is the last step.</p>
4676:
4677: <p>If the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> <a href="#has-an-element-in-scope" title="has
4678: an element in scope">has a <code>p</code> element in
4679: scope</a>, then act as if an end tag with the tag name
4680: "p" had been seen.</p>
4681:
4682: <p>Finally, <a href="#insert-an-html-element">insert an HTML element</a> for the
4683: token.</p>
4684:
4685: </li>
4686:
4687: </ol></dd>
4688:
4689: <!-- same as normal, but effectively ends parsing -->
4690: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "plaintext"</dt>
4691: <dd>
4692:
4693: <p>If the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> <a href="#has-an-element-in-scope" title="has
4694: an element in scope">has a <code>p</code> element in
4695: scope</a>, then act as if an end tag with the tag name
4696: "p" had been seen.</p>
4697:
4698: <p><a href="#insert-an-html-element">Insert an HTML element</a> for the token.</p>
4699:
4700: <p>Switch the <a href="#content-model-flag">content model flag</a> to the PLAINTEXT
4701: state.</p>
4702:
4703: <p class="note">Once a start tag with the tag name "plaintext"
4704: has been seen, that will be the last token ever seen other
4705: than character tokens (and the end-of-file token), because
4706: there is no way to switch the <a href="#content-model-flag">content model flag</a>
4707: out of the PLAINTEXT state.</p>
4708:
4709: </dd>
4710:
4711: <!-- end tags for non-phrasing flow content elements -->
4712:
4713: <!-- the normal ones -->
4714: <dt>An end tag whose tag name is one of: "address", "article",
1.86 mike 4715: "aside", "blockquote", "center", <!--v2DATAGRID-->"datagrid",
4716: "details", "dialog", "dir", "div", "dl", "fieldset", "figure",
4717: "footer", "header", "hgroup", "listing", "menu", "nav", "ol",
4718: "pre", "section", "ul"</dt>
1.1 mike 4719: <dd>
4720:
4721: <p>If the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> does not <a href="#has-an-element-in-scope" title="has an element in scope">have an element in scope</a>
4722: with the same tag name as that of the token, then this is a
4723: <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a>; ignore the token.</p>
4724:
4725: <p>Otherwise, run these steps:</p>
4726:
4727: <ol><li><p><a href="#generate-implied-end-tags">Generate implied end tags</a>.</p></li>
4728:
4729: <li><p>If the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> is not an element with
4730: the same tag name as that of the token, then this is a
4731: <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a>.</p></li>
4732:
4733: <li><p>Pop elements from the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a>
4734: until an element with the same tag name as the token has been
4735: popped from the stack.</p></li>
4736:
4737: </ol></dd>
4738:
4739: <!-- removes the form element pointer instead of the matching node -->
4740: <dt>An end tag whose tag name is "form"</dt>
4741: <dd>
4742:
4743: <p>Let <var title="">node</var> be the element that the
4744: <a href="#form-element-pointer"><code title="">form</code> element pointer</a> is set
4745: to.</p>
4746:
4747: <p>Set the <a href="#form-element-pointer"><code title="">form</code> element pointer</a>
4748: to null.</p>
4749:
4750: <p>If <var title="">node</var> is null or the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open
4751: elements</a> does not <a href="#has-an-element-in-scope" title="has an element in
4752: scope">have <var title="">node</var> in scope</a>, then this is
4753: a <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a>; ignore the token.</p>
4754:
4755: <p>Otherwise, run these steps:</p>
4756:
4757: <ol><li><p><a href="#generate-implied-end-tags">Generate implied end tags</a>.</p></li>
4758:
4759: <li><p>If the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> is not <var title="">node</var>, then this is a <a href="#parse-error">parse
4760: error</a>.</p></li>
4761:
4762: <li><p>Remove <var title="">node</var> from the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of
4763: open elements</a>.</p></li>
4764:
4765: </ol></dd>
4766:
4767: <!-- as normal, except </p> implies <p> if there's no <p> in scope, and needs care as the elements have optional tags -->
4768: <dt>An end tag whose tag name is "p"</dt>
4769: <dd>
4770:
4771: <p>If the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> does not <a href="#has-an-element-in-scope" title="has an element in scope">have an element in scope</a>
4772: with the same tag name as that of the token, then this is a
4773: <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a>; act as if a start tag with the tag name
4774: "p" had been seen, then reprocess the current token.</p>
4775:
4776: <p>Otherwise, run these steps:</p>
4777:
4778: <ol><li><p><a href="#generate-implied-end-tags">Generate implied end tags</a>, except
4779: for elements with the same tag name as the token.</p></li>
4780:
4781: <li><p>If the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> is not an element with
4782: the same tag name as that of the token, then this is a
4783: <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a>.</p></li>
4784:
4785: <li><p>Pop elements from the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a>
4786: until an element with the same tag name as the token has been
4787: popped from the stack.</p></li>
4788:
4789: </ol></dd>
4790:
4791: <!-- as normal, but needs care as the elements have optional tags -->
4792: <dt>An end tag whose tag name is one of: "dd", "dt", "li"</dt>
4793: <dd>
4794:
4795: <p>If the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> does not <a href="#has-an-element-in-scope" title="has an element in scope">have an element in scope</a>
4796: with the same tag name as that of the token, then this is a
4797: <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a>; ignore the token.</p>
4798:
4799: <p>Otherwise, run these steps:</p>
4800:
4801: <ol><li><p><a href="#generate-implied-end-tags">Generate implied end tags</a>, except
4802: for elements with the same tag name as the token.</p></li>
4803:
4804: <li><p>If the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> is not an element with
4805: the same tag name as that of the token, then this is a
4806: <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a>.</p></li>
4807:
4808: <li><p>Pop elements from the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a>
4809: until an element with the same tag name as the token has been
4810: popped from the stack.</p></li>
4811:
4812: </ol></dd>
4813:
4814: <!-- as normal, except acts as a closer for any of the h1-h6 elements -->
4815: <dt>An end tag whose tag name is one of: "h1", "h2", "h3", "h4", "h5", "h6"</dt>
4816: <dd>
4817:
4818: <p>If the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> does not <a href="#has-an-element-in-scope" title="has an element in scope">have an element in scope</a>
4819: whose tag name is one of "h1", "h2", "h3", "h4", "h5", or "h6",
4820: then this is a <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a>; ignore the token.</p>
4821:
4822: <p>Otherwise, run these steps:</p>
4823:
4824: <ol><li><p><a href="#generate-implied-end-tags">Generate implied end tags</a>.</p></li>
4825:
4826: <li><p>If the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> is not an element with
4827: the same tag name as that of the token, then this is a
4828: <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a>.</p></li>
4829:
4830: <li><p>Pop elements from the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a>
4831: until an element whose tag name is one of "h1", "h2", "h3", "h4",
4832: "h5", or "h6" has been popped from the stack.</p></li>
4833:
4834: </ol></dd>
4835:
4836: <dt>An end tag whose tag name is "sarcasm"</dt>
4837: <dd>
4838: <p>Take a deep breath, then act as described in the "any other end
4839: tag" entry below.</p>
4840: </dd>
4841:
4842: <!-- ADOPTION AGENCY ELEMENTS
4843: Mozilla-only: bdo blink del ins sub sup q
4844: Safari-only: code dfn kbd nobr samp var wbr
4845: Both: a b big em font i s small strike strong tt u -->
4846:
4847: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "a"</dt>
4848: <dd>
4849:
4850: <p>If the <a href="#list-of-active-formatting-elements">list of active formatting elements</a>
4851: contains an element whose tag name is "a" between the end of
4852: the list and the last marker on the list (or the start of the
4853: list if there is no marker on the list), then this is a
4854: <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a>; act as if an end tag with the tag
4855: name "a" had been seen, then remove that element from the
4856: <a href="#list-of-active-formatting-elements">list of active formatting elements</a> and the
4857: <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> if the end tag didn't
4858: already remove it (it might not have if the element is not
4859: <a href="#has-an-element-in-table-scope" title="has an element in table scope">in table
4860: scope</a>).</p>
4861:
4862: <p class="example">In the non-conforming stream
4863: <code><a href="a">a<table><a href="b">b</table>x</code>,
4864: the first <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-a-element">a</a></code> element would be closed upon seeing
4865: the second one, and the "x" character would be inside a link
4866: to "b", not to "a". This is despite the fact that the outer
4867: <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-a-element">a</a></code> element is not in table scope (meaning that a
4868: regular <code></a></code> end tag at the start of the table
4869: wouldn't close the outer <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-a-element">a</a></code> element).</p>
4870:
4871: <p><a href="#reconstruct-the-active-formatting-elements">Reconstruct the active formatting elements</a>, if
4872: any.</p>
4873:
4874: <p><a href="#insert-an-html-element">Insert an HTML element</a> for the token. Add that
4875: element to the <a href="#list-of-active-formatting-elements">list of active formatting
4876: elements</a>.</p>
4877:
4878: </dd>
4879:
4880: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is one of: "b", "big", "code", "em",
4881: "font", "i", "s", "small", "strike", "strong", "tt", "u"</dt>
4882: <dd>
4883:
4884: <p><a href="#reconstruct-the-active-formatting-elements">Reconstruct the active formatting elements</a>, if
4885: any.</p>
4886:
4887: <p><a href="#insert-an-html-element">Insert an HTML element</a> for the token. Add that
4888: element to the <a href="#list-of-active-formatting-elements">list of active formatting
4889: elements</a>.</p>
4890:
4891: </dd>
4892:
4893: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "nobr"</dt>
4894: <dd>
4895:
4896: <p><a href="#reconstruct-the-active-formatting-elements">Reconstruct the active formatting elements</a>, if
4897: any.</p>
4898:
4899: <p>If the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> <a href="#has-an-element-in-scope" title="has an
4900: element in scope">has a <code>nobr</code> element in scope</a>,
4901: then this is a <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a>; act as if an end tag with
4902: the tag name "nobr" had been seen, then once again
4903: <a href="#reconstruct-the-active-formatting-elements">reconstruct the active formatting elements</a>, if
4904: any.</p>
4905:
4906: <p><a href="#insert-an-html-element">Insert an HTML element</a> for the token. Add that
4907: element to the <a href="#list-of-active-formatting-elements">list of active formatting
4908: elements</a>.</p>
4909:
4910: </dd>
4911:
4912: <dt id="adoptionAgency">An end tag whose tag name is one of: "a",
4913: "b", "big", "code", "em", "font", "i", "nobr", "s", "small",
4914: "strike", "strong", "tt", "u"</dt>
4915: <dd>
4916:
4917: <p>Follow these steps:</p>
4918:
4919: <ol><li>
4920:
4921: <p>Let the <var title="">formatting element</var> be the
4922: last element in the <a href="#list-of-active-formatting-elements">list of active formatting
4923: elements</a> that:</p>
4924:
4925: <ul><li>is between the end of the list and the last scope
4926: marker in the list, if any, or the start of the list
4927: otherwise, and</li>
4928:
4929: <li>has the same tag name as the token.</li>
4930:
4931: </ul><p>If there is no such node, or, if that node is also in the
4932: <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> but the element is not <a href="#has-an-element-in-scope" title="has an element in scope">in scope</a>, then this is a
4933: <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a>; ignore the token, and abort these
4934: steps.</p>
4935:
4936: <p>Otherwise, if there is such a node, but that node is not
4937: in the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a>, then this is a
4938: <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a>; remove the element from the list,
4939: and abort these steps.</p>
4940:
4941: <p>Otherwise, there is a <var title="">formatting
4942: element</var> and that element is in <a href="#stack-of-open-elements" title="stack of
4943: open elements">the stack</a> and is <a href="#has-an-element-in-scope" title="has an
4944: element in scope">in scope</a>. If the element is not the
4945: <a href="#current-node">current node</a>, this is a <a href="#parse-error">parse
4946: error</a>. In any case, proceed with the algorithm as
4947: written in the following steps.</p>
4948:
4949: </li>
4950:
4951: <li><p>Let the <var title="">furthest block</var> be the
4952: topmost node in the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> that
4953: is lower in the stack than the <var title="">formatting
4954: element</var>, and is not an element in the
4955: <a href="#phrasing">phrasing</a> or <a href="#formatting">formatting</a>
4956: categories. There might not be one.</p></li>
4957:
4958: <li><p>If there is no <var title="">furthest block</var>,
4959: then the UA must skip the subsequent steps and instead just
4960: pop all the nodes from the bottom of the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open
4961: elements</a>, from the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> up to and
4962: including the <var title="">formatting element</var>, and
4963: remove the <var title="">formatting element</var> from the
4964: <a href="#list-of-active-formatting-elements">list of active formatting elements</a>.</p></li>
4965:
4966: <li><p>Let the <var title="">common ancestor</var> be the element
4967: immediately above the <var title="">formatting element</var> in the
4968: <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a>.</p></li>
4969:
4970: <li><p>Let a bookmark note the position of the <var title="">formatting element</var> in the <a href="#list-of-active-formatting-elements">list of active
4971: formatting elements</a> relative to the elements on either
4972: side of it in the list.</p></li>
4973:
4974: <li>
4975:
4976: <p>Let <var title="">node</var> and <var title="">last node</var> be the
4977: <var title="">furthest block</var>. Follow these steps:</p>
4978:
4979: <ol><li>Let <var title="">node</var> be the element immediately
4980: above <var title="">node</var> in the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open
4981: elements</a>.</li>
4982:
4983: <li>If <var title="">node</var> is not in the <a href="#list-of-active-formatting-elements">list of
4984: active formatting elements</a>, then remove <var title="">node</var> from the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open
4985: elements</a> and then go back to step 1.</li>
4986:
4987: <li>Otherwise, if <var title="">node</var> is the <var title="">formatting element</var>, then go to the next step
4988: in the overall algorithm.</li>
4989:
4990: <li>Otherwise, if <var title="">last node</var> is the <var title="">furthest block</var>, then move the aforementioned
4991: bookmark to be immediately after the <var title="">node</var> in the <a href="#list-of-active-formatting-elements">list of active formatting
4992: elements</a>.</li>
4993:
4994: <li><a href="#create-an-element-for-the-token">Create an element for the token</a> for which the
4995: element <var title="">node</var> was created, replace the entry
4996: for <var title="">node</var> in the <a href="#list-of-active-formatting-elements">list of active
4997: formatting elements</a> with an entry for the new element,
4998: replace the entry for <var title="">node</var> in the
4999: <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> with an entry for the new
5000: element, and let <var title="">node</var> be the new
5001: element.</li>
5002:
5003: <li>Insert <var title="">last node</var> into <var title="">node</var>, first removing it from its previous
5004: parent node if any.</li>
5005:
5006: <li>Let <var title="">last node</var> be <var title="">node</var>.</li>
5007:
5008: <li>Return to step 1 of this inner set of steps.</li>
5009:
5010: </ol></li>
5011:
5012: <li>
5013:
5014: <p>If the <var title="">common ancestor</var> node is a
5015: <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-table-element">table</a></code>, <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tbody-element">tbody</a></code>, <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tfoot-element">tfoot</a></code>,
5016: <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-thead-element">thead</a></code>, or <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tr-element">tr</a></code> element, then,
5017: <a href="#foster-parent">foster parent</a> whatever <var title="">last
5018: node</var> ended up being in the previous step, first removing
5019: it from its previous parent node if any.</p>
5020:
5021: <p>Otherwise, append whatever <var title="">last node</var>
5022: ended up being in the previous step to the <var title="">common
5023: ancestor</var> node, first removing it from its previous parent
5024: node if any.</p>
5025:
5026: </li>
5027:
5028: <li><p><a href="#create-an-element-for-the-token">Create an element for the token</a> for which the
5029: <var title="">formatting element</var> was created.</p></li>
5030:
5031: <li><p>Take all of the child nodes of the <var title="">furthest
5032: block</var> and append them to the element created in the last
5033: step.</p></li>
5034:
5035: <li><p>Append that new element to the <var title="">furthest
5036: block</var>.</p></li>
5037:
5038: <li><p>Remove the <var title="">formatting element</var> from the
5039: <a href="#list-of-active-formatting-elements">list of active formatting elements</a>, and insert the
5040: new element into the <a href="#list-of-active-formatting-elements">list of active formatting
5041: elements</a> at the position of the aforementioned
5042: bookmark.</p></li>
5043:
5044: <li><p>Remove the <var title="">formatting element</var> from the
5045: <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a>, and insert the new element
5046: into the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> immediately below
5047: the position of the <var title="">furthest block</var> in that
5048: stack.</p></li>
5049:
5050: <li><p>Jump back to step 1 in this series of steps.</p></li>
5051:
5052: </ol><!--XXX
5053: <div class="example">
5054: <p class="XXX">Need an example.</p>
5055: </div>
5056: --><p class="note">Because of the way this algorithm causes elements to
5057: change parents, it has been dubbed the "adoption agency algorithm"
5058: (in contrast with other possibly algorithms for dealing with
5059: misnested content, which included the "incest algorithm", the
5060: "secret affair algorithm", and the "Heisenberg algorithm").</p>
5061:
5062: </dd>
5063:
5064: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "button"</dt>
5065: <dd>
5066:
5067: <p>If the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> <a href="#has-an-element-in-scope" title="has
5068: an element in scope">has a <code>button</code> element in
5069: scope</a>, then this is a <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a>;
5070: act as if an end tag with the tag name "button" had been seen,
5071: then reprocess the token.</p>
5072:
5073: <p>Otherwise:</p>
5074:
5075: <p><a href="#reconstruct-the-active-formatting-elements">Reconstruct the active formatting elements</a>, if
5076: any.</p>
5077:
5078: <p><a href="#insert-an-html-element">Insert an HTML element</a> for the token.</p>
5079:
5080: <p>Insert a marker at the end of the <a href="#list-of-active-formatting-elements">list of active
5081: formatting elements</a>.</p>
5082:
5083: <p>Set the <a href="#frameset-ok-flag">frameset-ok flag</a> to "not ok".</p>
5084:
5085: </dd>
5086:
5087: <dt>A start tag token whose tag name is one of: "applet",
5088: "marquee", "object"</dt>
5089: <dd>
5090:
5091: <p><a href="#reconstruct-the-active-formatting-elements">Reconstruct the active formatting elements</a>, if
5092: any.</p>
5093:
5094: <p><a href="#insert-an-html-element">Insert an HTML element</a> for the token.</p>
5095:
5096: <p>Insert a marker at the end of the <a href="#list-of-active-formatting-elements">list of active
5097: formatting elements</a>.</p>
5098:
5099: <p>Set the <a href="#frameset-ok-flag">frameset-ok flag</a> to "not ok".</p>
5100:
5101: </dd>
5102:
5103: <dt>An end tag token whose tag name is one of: "applet", "button",
5104: "marquee", "object"</dt>
5105: <dd>
5106:
5107: <p>If the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> does not <a href="#has-an-element-in-scope" title="has an element in scope">have an element in scope</a>
5108: with the same tag name as that of the token, then this is a
5109: <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a>; ignore the token.</p>
5110:
5111: <p>Otherwise, run these steps:</p>
5112:
5113: <ol><li><p><a href="#generate-implied-end-tags">Generate implied end tags</a>.</p></li>
5114:
5115: <li><p>If the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> is not an element with
5116: the same tag name as that of the token, then this is a
5117: <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a>.</p></li>
5118:
5119: <li><p>Pop elements from the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a>
5120: until an element with the same tag name as the token has been
5121: popped from the stack.</p></li>
5122:
5123: <li><a href="#clear-the-list-of-active-formatting-elements-up-to-the-last-marker">Clear the list of active formatting elements up to the
5124: last marker</a>.</li>
5125:
5126: </ol></dd>
5127:
5128: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "table"</dt>
5129: <dd>
5130:
5131: <p>If the <code>Document</code> is <em>not</em> set to
5132: <a href="dom.html#quirks-mode">quirks mode</a>, and the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open
5133: elements</a> <a href="#has-an-element-in-scope" title="has an element in scope">has a
5134: <code>p</code> element in scope</a>, then act as if an end tag
5135: with the tag name "p" had been seen.</p> <!-- i hate myself (this
5136: quirk was basically caused by acid2; if i'd realised we could
5137: change the specs when i wrote acid2, we could have avoided having
5138: any parsing-mode quirks) -Hixie -->
5139:
5140: <p><a href="#insert-an-html-element">Insert an HTML element</a> for the token.</p>
5141:
5142: <p>Set the <a href="#frameset-ok-flag">frameset-ok flag</a> to "not ok".</p>
5143:
5144: <p>Switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to "<a href="#parsing-main-intable" title="insertion mode: in table">in table</a>".</p>
5145:
5146: </dd>
5147:
5148: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is one of: "area", "basefont",
5149: "bgsound", "br", "embed", "img", "input", "keygen", "spacer",
5150: "wbr"</dt>
5151: <dd>
5152:
5153: <p><a href="#reconstruct-the-active-formatting-elements">Reconstruct the active formatting elements</a>, if
5154: any.</p>
5155:
5156: <p><a href="#insert-an-html-element">Insert an HTML element</a> for the token. Immediately
5157: pop the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> off the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open
5158: elements</a>.</p>
5159:
5160: <p><a href="#acknowledge-self-closing-flag" title="acknowledge self-closing flag">Acknowledge the
5161: token's <i>self-closing flag</i></a>, if it is set.</p>
5162:
5163: <p>Set the <a href="#frameset-ok-flag">frameset-ok flag</a> to "not ok".</p> <!--
5164: shouldn't really do it for <area>, <basefont>, <bgsound>, and
5165: <spacer> -->
5166:
5167: </dd>
5168:
5169: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is one of: "param", "source"</dt>
5170: <dd>
5171:
5172: <p><a href="#insert-an-html-element">Insert an HTML element</a> for the token. Immediately
5173: pop the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> off the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open
5174: elements</a>.</p>
5175:
5176: <p><a href="#acknowledge-self-closing-flag" title="acknowledge self-closing flag">Acknowledge the
5177: token's <i>self-closing flag</i></a>, if it is set.</p>
5178:
5179: </dd>
5180:
5181: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "hr"</dt>
5182: <dd>
5183:
5184: <p>If the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> <a href="#has-an-element-in-scope" title="has
5185: an element in scope">has a <code>p</code> element in
5186: scope</a>, then act as if an end tag with the tag name
5187: "p" had been seen.</p>
5188:
5189: <p><a href="#insert-an-html-element">Insert an HTML element</a> for the token. Immediately
5190: pop the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> off the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open
5191: elements</a>.</p>
5192:
5193: <p><a href="#acknowledge-self-closing-flag" title="acknowledge self-closing flag">Acknowledge the
5194: token's <i>self-closing flag</i></a>, if it is set.</p>
5195:
5196: <p>Set the <a href="#frameset-ok-flag">frameset-ok flag</a> to "not ok".</p>
5197:
5198: </dd>
5199:
5200: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "image"</dt>
5201: <dd>
5202: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Change the token's tag name
5203: to "img" and reprocess it. (Don't ask.)</p> <!-- As of
5204: 2005-12, studies showed that around 0.2% of pages used the
5205: <image> element. -->
5206: </dd>
5207:
5208: <dt id="isindex">A start tag whose tag name is "isindex"</dt>
5209: <dd>
5210:
5211: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>.</p>
5212:
5213: <p>If the <a href="#form-element-pointer"><code title="">form</code> element
5214: pointer</a> is not null, then ignore the token.</p>
5215:
5216: <p>Otherwise:</p>
5217:
5218: <p><a href="#acknowledge-self-closing-flag" title="acknowledge self-closing flag">Acknowledge the
5219: token's <i>self-closing flag</i></a>, if it is set.</p> <!--
5220: purely to reduce the number of errors (we don't care if they
5221: included the /, they're not supposed to be including the tag at
5222: all! -->
5223:
5224: <p>Act as if a start tag token with the tag name "form" had been seen.</p>
5225:
5226: <p>If the token has an attribute called "action", set the
5227: <code title="attr-form-action">action</code> attribute on the
5228: resulting <code><a href="forms.html#the-form-element">form</a></code> element to the value of the
5229: "action" attribute of the token.</p>
5230:
5231: <p>Act as if a start tag token with the tag name "hr" had been
5232: seen.</p>
5233:
5234: <p>Act as if a start tag token with the tag name "label" had been
5235: seen.</p>
5236:
5237: <p>Act as if a stream of character tokens had been seen (see below
5238: for what they should say).</p>
5239:
5240: <p>Act as if a start tag token with the tag name "input" had been
5241: seen, with all the attributes from the "isindex" token except
5242: "name", "action", and "prompt". Set the <code title="attr-fe-name"><a href="forms.html#attr-fe-name">name</a></code> attribute of the resulting
5243: <code><a href="forms.html#the-input-element">input</a></code> element to the value "<code title="">isindex</code>".</p>
5244:
5245: <p>Act as if a stream of character tokens had been seen (see
5246: below for what they should say).</p>
5247:
5248: <p>Act as if an end tag token with the tag name "label" had been
5249: seen.</p>
5250:
5251: <p>Act as if a start tag token with the tag name "hr" had been
5252: seen.</p>
5253:
5254: <p>Act as if an end tag token with the tag name "form" had been
5255: seen.</p>
5256:
5257: <p>If the token has an attribute with the name "prompt", then the
5258: first stream of characters must be the same string as given in
5259: that attribute, and the second stream of characters must be
5260: empty. Otherwise, the two streams of character tokens together
5261: should, together with the <code><a href="forms.html#the-input-element">input</a></code> element, express the
5262: equivalent of "This is a searchable index. Insert your search
5263: keywords here: (input field)" in the user's preferred
5264: language.</p>
5265:
5266: </dd>
5267:
5268: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "textarea"</dt>
5269: <dd>
5270:
5271: <ol><li><p><a href="#insert-an-html-element">Insert an HTML element</a> for the
5272: token.</p></li>
5273:
5274: <li><p>If the next token is a U+000A LINE FEED (LF) character
5275: token, then ignore that token and move on to the next
5276: one. (Newlines at the start of <code><a href="forms.html#the-textarea-element">textarea</a></code> elements are
5277: ignored as an authoring convenience.)</p></li>
5278:
5279: <li><p>Switch the tokenizer's <a href="#content-model-flag">content model flag</a> to
5280: the RCDATA state.</p></li>
5281:
5282: <li><p>Let the <a href="#original-insertion-mode">original insertion mode</a> be the
5283: current <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a>.</p>
5284:
5285: </li><li><p>Set the <a href="#frameset-ok-flag">frameset-ok flag</a> to "not
5286: ok".</p></li>
5287:
1.91 mike 5288: <li><p>Switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to "<a href="#parsing-main-incdata" title="insertion mode: in RAWTEXT/RCDATA">in
5289: RAWTEXT/RCDATA</a>".</p></li>
1.1 mike 5290:
5291: </ol></dd>
5292:
5293: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "xmp"</dt>
5294: <dd>
5295:
5296: <p><a href="#reconstruct-the-active-formatting-elements">Reconstruct the active formatting elements</a>, if
5297: any.</p>
5298:
5299: <p>Set the <a href="#frameset-ok-flag">frameset-ok flag</a> to "not ok".</p>
5300:
1.91 mike 5301: <p>Follow the <a href="#generic-raw-text-element-parsing-algorithm">generic raw text element parsing algorithm</a>.</p>
1.1 mike 5302:
5303: </dd>
5304:
5305: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "iframe"</dt>
5306: <dd>
5307:
5308: <p>Set the <a href="#frameset-ok-flag">frameset-ok flag</a> to "not ok".</p>
5309:
1.91 mike 5310: <p>Follow the <a href="#generic-raw-text-element-parsing-algorithm">generic raw text element parsing algorithm</a>.</p>
1.1 mike 5311:
5312: </dd>
5313:
5314: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "noembed"</dt>
5315: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "noscript", if the <a href="#scripting-flag">scripting flag</a> is enabled</dt>
5316: <dd>
5317:
1.91 mike 5318: <p>Follow the <a href="#generic-raw-text-element-parsing-algorithm">generic raw text element parsing algorithm</a>.</p>
1.1 mike 5319:
5320: </dd>
5321:
5322: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "select"</dt>
5323: <dd>
5324:
5325: <p><a href="#reconstruct-the-active-formatting-elements">Reconstruct the active formatting elements</a>, if
5326: any.</p>
5327:
5328: <p><a href="#insert-an-html-element">Insert an HTML element</a> for the token.</p>
5329:
5330: <p>Set the <a href="#frameset-ok-flag">frameset-ok flag</a> to "not ok".</p>
5331:
5332: <p>If the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> is one of <a href="#parsing-main-intable" title="insertion mode: in table">in table</a>", "<a href="#parsing-main-incaption" title="insertion mode: in caption">in caption</a>", "<a href="#parsing-main-incolgroup" title="insertion mode: in column group">in column group</a>",
5333: "<a href="#parsing-main-intbody" title="insertion mode: in table body">in table
5334: body</a>", "<a href="#parsing-main-intr" title="insertion mode: in row">in
5335: row</a>", or "<a href="#parsing-main-intd" title="insertion mode: in cell">in
5336: cell</a>", then switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to
5337: "<a href="#parsing-main-inselectintable" title="insertion mode: in select in table">in select in
5338: table</a>". Otherwise, switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a>
5339: to "<a href="#parsing-main-inselect" title="insertion mode: in select">in select</a>".</p>
5340:
5341: </dd>
5342:
5343: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is one of: "optgroup", "option"</dt>
5344: <dd>
5345:
5346: <p>If the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> <a href="#has-an-element-in-scope" title="has an
5347: element in scope">has an <code>option</code> element in
5348: scope</a>, then act as if an end tag with the tag name "option"
5349: had been seen.</p>
5350:
5351: <p><a href="#reconstruct-the-active-formatting-elements">Reconstruct the active formatting elements</a>, if
5352: any.</p>
5353:
5354: <p><a href="#insert-an-html-element">Insert an HTML element</a> for the token.</p>
5355:
5356: </dd>
5357:
5358: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is one of: "rp", "rt"</dt>
5359: <dd>
5360:
5361: <!-- the parsing rules for ruby really don't match IE much at all,
5362: but in practice the markup used is very simple and so strict
5363: compatibility with IE isn't required. For example, as defined
5364: here we get very, very different behaviour than IE for
5365: pathological cases like:
5366:
5367: <ruby><ol><li><p>a<rt>b
5368: <ruby>a<rt>b<p>c
5369:
5370: But in practice most ruby markup falls into these cases:
5371:
5372: <ruby>a<rt>b</ruby>
5373: <ruby>a<rp>b<rt>c<rp>d</ruby>
5374: <ruby>a<rt>b</rt></ruby>
5375: <ruby>a<rp>b</rp><rt>c</rt><rp>d</rp></ruby>
5376:
5377: -->
5378:
5379: <p>If the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> <a href="#has-an-element-in-scope" title="has an
5380: element in scope">has a <code>ruby</code> element in scope</a>,
5381: then <a href="#generate-implied-end-tags">generate implied end tags</a>. If the <a href="#current-node">current
5382: node</a> is not then a <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-ruby-element">ruby</a></code> element, this is a
5383: <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a>; pop all the nodes from the <a href="#current-node">current
5384: node</a> up to the node immediately before the bottommost
5385: <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-ruby-element">ruby</a></code> element on the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open
5386: elements</a>.</p>
5387:
5388: <p><a href="#insert-an-html-element">Insert an HTML element</a> for the token.</p>
5389:
5390: </dd>
5391:
5392: <dt>An end tag whose tag name is "br"</dt>
5393: <dd>
5394: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Act as if a start tag token with
5395: the tag name "br" had been seen. Ignore the end tag token.</p>
5396: </dd>
5397:
5398: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "math"</dt>
5399: <dd>
5400:
5401: <p><a href="#reconstruct-the-active-formatting-elements">Reconstruct the active formatting elements</a>, if
5402: any.</p>
5403:
5404: <p><a href="#adjust-mathml-attributes">Adjust MathML attributes</a> for the token. (This
5405: fixes the case of MathML attributes that are not all
5406: lowercase.)</p>
5407:
5408: <p><a href="#adjust-foreign-attributes">Adjust foreign attributes</a> for the token. (This
5409: fixes the use of namespaced attributes, in particular XLink.)</p>
5410:
5411: <p><a href="#insert-a-foreign-element">Insert a foreign element</a> for the token, in the
5412: <a href="#mathml-namespace">MathML namespace</a>.</p>
5413:
5414: <!-- If we ever change the frameset-ok flag to an insertion mode,
5415: the following change would be implied, except we'd have to do it
5416: even in the face of a self-closed tag:
5417: <p>Set the <span>frameset-ok flag</span> to "not ok".</p>
5418: -->
5419:
5420: <p>If the token has its <i>self-closing flag</i> set, pop the
5421: <a href="#current-node">current node</a> off the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open
5422: elements</a> and <a href="#acknowledge-self-closing-flag" title="acknowledge self-closing
5423: flag">acknowledge the token's <i>self-closing flag</i></a>.</p>
5424:
5425: <p>Otherwise, if the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> is not already
5426: "<a href="#parsing-main-inforeign" title="insertion mode: in foreign content">in foreign
5427: content</a>", let the <a href="#secondary-insertion-mode">secondary insertion mode</a> be
5428: the current <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a>, and then switch the
5429: <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to "<a href="#parsing-main-inforeign" title="insertion mode: in
5430: foreign content">in foreign content</a>".</p>
5431:
5432: </dd>
5433:
5434: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "svg"</dt>
5435: <dd>
5436:
5437: <p><a href="#reconstruct-the-active-formatting-elements">Reconstruct the active formatting elements</a>, if
5438: any.</p>
5439:
5440: <p><a href="#adjust-svg-attributes">Adjust SVG attributes</a> for the token. (This fixes
5441: the case of SVG attributes that are not all lowercase.)</p>
5442:
5443: <p><a href="#adjust-foreign-attributes">Adjust foreign attributes</a> for the token. (This
5444: fixes the use of namespaced attributes, in particular XLink in
5445: SVG.)</p>
5446:
5447: <p><a href="#insert-a-foreign-element">Insert a foreign element</a> for the token, in the
5448: <a href="#svg-namespace">SVG namespace</a>.</p>
5449:
5450: <!-- If we ever change the frameset-ok flag to an insertion mode,
5451: the following change would be implied, except we'd have to do it
5452: even in the face of a self-closed tag:
5453: <p>Set the <span>frameset-ok flag</span> to "not ok".</p>
5454: -->
5455:
5456: <p>If the token has its <i>self-closing flag</i> set, pop the
5457: <a href="#current-node">current node</a> off the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open
5458: elements</a> and <a href="#acknowledge-self-closing-flag" title="acknowledge self-closing
5459: flag">acknowledge the token's <i>self-closing flag</i></a>.</p>
5460:
5461: <p>Otherwise, if the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> is not already
5462: "<a href="#parsing-main-inforeign" title="insertion mode: in foreign content">in foreign
5463: content</a>", let the <a href="#secondary-insertion-mode">secondary insertion mode</a> be
5464: the current <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a>, and then switch the
5465: <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to "<a href="#parsing-main-inforeign" title="insertion mode: in
5466: foreign content">in foreign content</a>".</p>
5467:
5468: </dd>
5469:
5470: <dt>A start <!--or end--> tag whose tag name is one of: "caption",
5471: "col", "colgroup", "frame", "head", "tbody", "td", "tfoot", "th",
5472: "thead", "tr"</dt>
5473: <!--<dt>An end tag whose tag name is one of: "area", "base",
5474: "basefont", "bgsound", "command", "embed", "hr", "iframe", "image",
5475: "img", "input", "isindex", "keygen", "link", "meta", "noembed",
5476: "noframes", "param", "script", "select", "source", "spacer",
5477: "style", "table", "textarea", "title", "wbr"</dt>-->
5478: <!--<dt>An end tag whose tag name is "noscript", if the
5479: <span>scripting flag</span> is enabled</dt>-->
5480: <dd>
5481: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Ignore the token.</p>
5482: <!-- end tags are commented out because since they can never end
5483: up on the stack anyway, the default end tag clause will
5484: automatically handle them. we don't want to have text in the spec
5485: that is just an optimisation, as that detracts from the spec
5486: itself -->
5487: </dd>
5488:
5489: <dt>Any other start tag</dt>
5490: <dd>
5491:
5492: <p><a href="#reconstruct-the-active-formatting-elements">Reconstruct the active formatting elements</a>, if
5493: any.</p>
5494:
5495: <p><a href="#insert-an-html-element">Insert an HTML element</a> for the token.</p>
5496:
5497: <p class="note">This element will be a <a href="#phrasing">phrasing</a>
5498: element.</p>
5499:
5500: </dd>
5501:
5502: <dt>Any other end tag</dt>
5503: <dd>
5504:
5505: <p>Run the following steps:</p>
5506:
5507: <ol><li><p>Initialize <var title="">node</var> to be the <a href="#current-node">current
5508: node</a> (the bottommost node of the stack).</p></li>
5509:
5510: <li><p>If <var title="">node</var> has the same tag name as
5511: the end tag token, then:</p>
5512:
5513: <ol><li><p><a href="#generate-implied-end-tags">Generate implied end tags</a>.</p></li>
5514:
5515: <li><p>If the tag name of the end tag token does not match
5516: the tag name of the <a href="#current-node">current node</a>, this is a
5517: <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a>.</p></li>
5518:
5519: <li><p>Pop all the nodes from the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> up
5520: to <var title="">node</var>, including <var title="">node</var>, then stop these steps.</p></li>
5521:
5522: </ol></li>
5523:
5524: <li><p>Otherwise, if <var title="">node</var> is in neither the
5525: <a href="#formatting">formatting</a> category nor the <a href="#phrasing">phrasing</a>
5526: category, then this is a <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a>; ignore the
5527: token, and abort these steps.</p></li>
5528:
5529: <li><p>Set <var title="">node</var> to the previous entry in the
5530: <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a>.</p></li>
5531:
5532: <li><p>Return to step 2.</p></li>
5533:
5534: </ol></dd>
5535:
1.91 mike 5536: </dl><h5 id="parsing-main-incdata"><span class="secno">9.2.5.11 </span>The "<dfn title="insertion mode: in RAWTEXT/RCDATA">in RAWTEXT/RCDATA</dfn>" insertion mode</h5>
1.1 mike 5537:
5538: <p>When the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> is "<a href="#parsing-main-incdata" title="insertion
1.91 mike 5539: mode: in RAWTEXT/RCDATA">in RAWTEXT/RCDATA</a>", tokens must be
1.1 mike 5540: handled as follows:</p>
5541:
5542: <dl class="switch"><dt>A character token</dt>
5543: <dd>
5544:
5545: <p><a href="#insert-a-character" title="insert a character">Insert the token's
5546: character</a> into the <a href="#current-node">current node</a>.</p>
5547:
5548: </dd>
5549:
5550: <dt>An end-of-file token</dt>
5551: <dd>
5552:
5553: <!-- can't be the fragment case -->
5554: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>.</p>
5555:
5556: <p>If the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> is a <code><a href="semantics.html#script">script</a></code>
5557: element, mark the <code><a href="semantics.html#script">script</a></code> element as <a href="semantics.html#already-executed">"already
5558: executed"</a>.</p>
5559:
5560: <p>Pop the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> off the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open
5561: elements</a>.</p>
5562:
5563: <p>Switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to the <a href="#original-insertion-mode">original
5564: insertion mode</a> and reprocess the current token.</p>
5565:
5566: </dd>
5567:
5568: <dt>An end tag whose tag name is "script"</dt>
5569: <dd>
5570:
5571: <p>Let <var title="">script</var> be the <a href="#current-node">current node</a>
5572: (which will be a <code><a href="semantics.html#script">script</a></code> element).</p>
5573:
5574: <p>Pop the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> off the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open
5575: elements</a>.</p>
5576:
5577: <p>Switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to the <a href="#original-insertion-mode">original
5578: insertion mode</a>.</p>
5579:
5580: <p>Let the <var title="">old insertion point</var> have the
5581: same value as the current <a href="#insertion-point">insertion point</a>. Let
5582: the <a href="#insertion-point">insertion point</a> be just before the <a href="#next-input-character">next
5583: input character</a>.</p>
5584:
5585: <p>Increment the parser's <a href="#script-nesting-level">script nesting level</a> by
5586: one.</p>
5587:
5588: <p><a href="semantics.html#running-a-script" title="running a script">Run</a> the <var title="">script</var>. This might cause some script to execute,
5589: which might cause <a href="dom.html#dom-document-write" title="dom-document-write">new characters
5590: to be inserted into the tokenizer</a>, and might cause the
5591: tokenizer to output more tokens, resulting in a <a href="#nestedParsing">reentrant invocation of the parser</a>.</p>
5592:
5593: <p>Decrement the parser's <a href="#script-nesting-level">script nesting level</a> by
5594: one. If the parser's <a href="#script-nesting-level">script nesting level</a> is zero,
5595: then set the <a href="#parser-pause-flag">parser pause flag</a> to false.</p>
5596:
5597: <p>Let the <a href="#insertion-point">insertion point</a> have the value of the <var title="">old insertion point</var>. (In other words, restore the
5598: <a href="#insertion-point">insertion point</a> to its previous value. This value
5599: might be the "undefined" value.)</p>
5600:
5601: <p id="scriptTagParserResumes">At this stage, if there is a
5602: <a href="semantics.html#pending-external-script">pending external script</a>, then:</p>
5603:
5604: <dl class="switch"><dt>If the <a href="#script-nesting-level">script nesting level</a> is not zero:</dt>
5605:
5606: <dd>
5607:
5608: <p>Set the <a href="#parser-pause-flag">parser pause flag</a> to true, and abort the
5609: processing of any nested invocations of the tokenizer, yielding
5610: control back to the caller. (Tokenization will resume when the
5611: caller returns to the "outer" tree construction stage.)</p>
5612:
5613: <p class="note">The tree construction stage of this particular
5614: parser is <a href="#nestedParsing">being called reentrantly</a>,
5615: say from a call to <code title="dom-document-write"><a href="dom.html#dom-document-write">document.write()</a></code>.</p>
5616:
5617: </dd>
5618:
5619:
5620: <dt>Otherwise:</dt>
5621:
5622: <dd>
5623:
5624: <p>Follow these steps:</p>
5625:
5626: <ol><li><p>Let <var title="">the script</var> be the <a href="semantics.html#pending-external-script">pending
5627: external script</a>. There is no longer a <a href="semantics.html#pending-external-script">pending
5628: external script</a>.</p></li>
5629:
5630: <li><p><a href="browsers.html#pause">Pause</a> until the script has <a href="semantics.html#completed-loading">completed
5631: loading</a>.</p></li>
5632:
5633: <li><p>Let the <a href="#insertion-point">insertion point</a> be just before the
5634: <a href="#next-input-character">next input character</a>.</p></li>
5635:
5636: <li><p>Increment the parser's <a href="#script-nesting-level">script nesting level</a>
5637: by one (it should be zero before this step, so this sets it to
5638: one).</p></li>
5639:
5640: <li><p><a href="semantics.html#executing-a-script-block" title="executing a script block">Execute the
5641: script</a>.</p></li>
5642:
5643: <li><p>Decrement the parser's <a href="#script-nesting-level">script nesting level</a>
5644: by one. If the parser's <a href="#script-nesting-level">script nesting level</a> is
5645: zero (which it always should be at this point), then set the
5646: <a href="#parser-pause-flag">parser pause flag</a> to false.</p>
5647:
5648: </li><li><p>Let the <a href="#insertion-point">insertion point</a> be undefined
5649: again.</p></li>
5650:
5651: <li><p>If there is once again a <a href="semantics.html#pending-external-script">pending external
5652: script</a>, then repeat these steps from step 1.</p></li>
5653:
5654: </ol></dd>
5655:
5656: </dl></dd>
5657:
5658: <dt>Any other end tag</dt>
5659: <dd>
5660:
5661: <p>Pop the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> off the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open
5662: elements</a>.</p>
5663:
5664: <p>Switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to the <a href="#original-insertion-mode">original
5665: insertion mode</a>.</p>
5666:
5667: </dd>
5668:
5669: </dl><h5 id="parsing-main-intable"><span class="secno">9.2.5.12 </span>The "<dfn title="insertion mode: in table">in table</dfn>" insertion mode</h5>
5670:
5671: <p>When the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> is "<a href="#parsing-main-intable" title="insertion
5672: mode: in table">in table</a>", tokens must be handled as follows:</p>
5673:
5674: <dl class="switch"><dt>A character token</dt>
5675: <dd>
5676:
5677: <p>Let the <dfn id="pending-table-character-tokens"><var>pending table character tokens</var></dfn>
5678: be an empty list of tokens.</p>
5679:
5680: <p>Let the <a href="#original-insertion-mode">original insertion mode</a> be the current
5681: <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a>.</p>
5682:
5683: <p>Switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to "<a href="#parsing-main-intabletext" title="insertion mode: in table text">in table text</a>" and
5684: reprocess the token.</p>
5685:
5686: </dd>
5687:
5688: <dt>A comment token</dt>
5689: <dd>
5690: <p>Append a <code>Comment</code> node to the <a href="#current-node">current
5691: node</a> with the <code title="">data</code> attribute set to
5692: the data given in the comment token.</p>
5693: </dd>
5694:
5695: <dt>A DOCTYPE token</dt>
5696: <dd>
5697: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Ignore the token.</p>
5698: </dd>
5699:
5700: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "caption"</dt>
5701: <dd>
5702:
5703: <p><a href="#clear-the-stack-back-to-a-table-context">Clear the stack back to a table context</a>. (See
5704: below.)</p>
5705:
5706: <p>Insert a marker at the end of the <a href="#list-of-active-formatting-elements">list of active
5707: formatting elements</a>.</p>
5708:
5709: <p><a href="#insert-an-html-element">Insert an HTML element</a> for the token, then
5710: switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to "<a href="#parsing-main-incaption" title="insertion mode: in caption">in caption</a>".</p>
5711:
5712: </dd>
5713:
5714: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "colgroup"</dt>
5715: <dd>
5716:
5717: <p><a href="#clear-the-stack-back-to-a-table-context">Clear the stack back to a table context</a>. (See
5718: below.)</p>
5719:
5720: <p><a href="#insert-an-html-element">Insert an HTML element</a> for the token, then
5721: switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to "<a href="#parsing-main-incolgroup" title="insertion mode: in column group">in column
5722: group</a>".</p>
5723:
5724: </dd>
5725:
5726: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "col"</dt>
5727: <dd>
5728: <p>Act as if a start tag token with the tag name "colgroup"
5729: had been seen, then reprocess the current token.</p>
5730: </dd>
5731:
5732: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is one of: "tbody", "tfoot", "thead"</dt>
5733: <dd>
5734:
5735: <p><a href="#clear-the-stack-back-to-a-table-context">Clear the stack back to a table context</a>. (See
5736: below.)</p>
5737:
5738: <p><a href="#insert-an-html-element">Insert an HTML element</a> for the token, then
5739: switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to "<a href="#parsing-main-intbody" title="insertion mode: in table body">in table
5740: body</a>".</p>
5741:
5742: </dd>
5743:
5744: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is one of: "td", "th", "tr"</dt>
5745: <dd>
5746: <p>Act as if a start tag token with the tag name "tbody" had
5747: been seen, then reprocess the current token.</p>
5748: </dd>
5749:
5750: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "table"</dt>
5751: <dd>
5752:
5753: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Act as if an end tag token with
5754: the tag name "table" had been seen, then, if that token wasn't
5755: ignored, reprocess the current token.</p>
5756:
5757: <p class="note">The fake end tag token here can only be
5758: ignored in the <a href="#fragment-case">fragment case</a>.</p>
5759:
5760: </dd>
5761:
5762: <dt>An end tag whose tag name is "table"</dt>
5763: <dd>
5764:
5765: <p>If the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> does not <a href="#has-an-element-in-table-scope" title="has an element in table scope">have an element in table
5766: scope</a> with the same tag name as the token, this is a
5767: <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a>. Ignore the token. (<a href="#fragment-case">fragment
5768: case</a>)</p>
5769:
5770: <p>Otherwise:</p>
5771:
5772: <p>Pop elements from this stack until a <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-table-element">table</a></code>
5773: element has been popped from the stack.</p>
5774:
5775: <p><a href="#reset-the-insertion-mode-appropriately">Reset the insertion mode appropriately</a>.</p>
5776:
5777: </dd>
5778:
5779: <dt>An end tag whose tag name is one of: "body", "caption",
5780: "col", "colgroup", "html", "tbody", "td", "tfoot", "th",
5781: "thead", "tr"</dt>
5782: <dd>
5783: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Ignore the token.</p>
5784: </dd>
5785:
5786: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is one of: "style", "script"</dt>
5787: <dd>
5788:
5789: <p>Process the token <a href="#using-the-rules-for">using the rules for</a> the "<a href="#parsing-main-inhead" title="insertion mode: in head">in head</a>" <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion
5790: mode</a>.</p>
5791:
5792: </dd>
5793:
5794: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "input"</dt>
5795: <dd>
5796:
5797: <p>If the token does not have an attribute with the name "type",
5798: or if it does, but that attribute's value is not an <a href="infrastructure.html#ascii-case-insensitive">ASCII
5799: case-insensitive</a> match for the string "<code title="">hidden</code>", then: act as described in the "anything
5800: else" entry below.</p>
5801:
5802: <p>Otherwise:</p>
5803:
5804: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>.</p>
5805:
5806: <p><a href="#insert-an-html-element">Insert an HTML element</a> for the token.</p>
5807:
5808: <p>Pop that <code><a href="forms.html#the-input-element">input</a></code> element off the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of
5809: open elements</a>.</p>
5810:
5811: </dd>
5812:
5813: <dt>An end-of-file token</dt>
5814: <dd>
5815:
5816: <p>If the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> is not the root
5817: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element">html</a></code> element, then this is a <a href="#parse-error">parse
5818: error</a>.</p>
5819:
5820: <p class="note">It can only be the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> in
5821: the <a href="#fragment-case">fragment case</a>.</p>
5822:
5823: <p><a href="#stop-parsing">Stop parsing</a>.</p>
5824:
5825: </dd>
5826:
5827: <dt>Anything else</dt>
5828: <dd>
5829:
5830: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Process the token <a href="#using-the-rules-for">using the
5831: rules for</a> the "<a href="#parsing-main-inbody" title="insertion mode: in body">in
5832: body</a>" <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a>, except that if the
5833: <a href="#current-node">current node</a> is a <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-table-element">table</a></code>,
5834: <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tbody-element">tbody</a></code>, <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tfoot-element">tfoot</a></code>, <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-thead-element">thead</a></code>, or
5835: <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tr-element">tr</a></code> element, then, whenever a node would be inserted
5836: into the <a href="#current-node">current node</a>, it must instead be <a href="#foster-parent" title="foster parent">foster parented</a>.</p>
5837:
5838: </dd>
5839:
5840: </dl><p>When the steps above require the UA to <dfn id="clear-the-stack-back-to-a-table-context">clear the stack
5841: back to a table context</dfn>, it means that the UA must, while
5842: the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> is not a <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-table-element">table</a></code>
5843: element or an <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element">html</a></code> element, pop elements from the
5844: <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a>.</p>
5845:
5846: <p class="note">The <a href="#current-node">current node</a> being an
5847: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element">html</a></code> element after this process is a <a href="#fragment-case">fragment
5848: case</a>.</p>
5849:
5850:
5851:
5852: <h5 id="parsing-main-intabletext"><span class="secno">9.2.5.13 </span>The "<dfn title="insertion mode: in table text">in table text</dfn>" insertion mode</h5>
5853:
5854: <p>When the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> is "<a href="#parsing-main-intabletext" title="insertion
5855: mode: in table text">in table text</a>", tokens must be handled
5856: as follows:</p>
5857:
5858: <dl class="switch"><dt>A character token</dt>
5859: <dd>
5860:
5861: <p>Append the character token to the <var><a href="#pending-table-character-tokens">pending table character
5862: tokens</a></var> list.</p>
5863:
5864: </dd>
5865:
5866:
5867: <dt>Anything else</dt>
5868: <dd>
5869:
5870: <p>If any of the tokens in the <var><a href="#pending-table-character-tokens">pending table character
5871: tokens</a></var> list are character tokens that are not one of U+0009
5872: CHARACTER TABULATION, U+000A LINE FEED (LF), U+000C FORM FEED
5873: (FF), <!--U+000D CARRIAGE RETURN (CR),--> or U+0020 SPACE, then
5874: reprocess those character tokens using the rules given in the
5875: "anything else" entry in the <a href="#parsing-main-intable" title="insertion mode: in
5876: table">in table</a>" insertion mode.</p>
5877:
5878: <p>Otherwise, <a href="#insert-a-character" title="insert a character">insert the
5879: characters</a> given by the <var><a href="#pending-table-character-tokens">pending table character
5880: tokens</a></var> list into the <a href="#current-node">current node</a>.</p>
5881:
5882: <p>Switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to the <a href="#original-insertion-mode">original
5883: insertion mode</a> and reprocess the token.</p>
5884:
5885: </dd>
5886:
5887: </dl><h5 id="parsing-main-incaption"><span class="secno">9.2.5.14 </span>The "<dfn title="insertion mode: in caption">in caption</dfn>" insertion mode</h5>
5888:
5889: <p>When the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> is "<a href="#parsing-main-incaption" title="insertion
5890: mode: in caption">in caption</a>", tokens must be handled as follows:</p>
5891:
5892: <dl class="switch"><dt>An end tag whose tag name is "caption"</dt>
5893: <dd>
5894:
5895: <p>If the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> does not <a href="#has-an-element-in-table-scope" title="has an element in table scope">have an element in table
5896: scope</a> with the same tag name as the token, this is a
5897: <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a>. Ignore the token. (<a href="#fragment-case">fragment
5898: case</a>)</p>
5899:
5900: <p>Otherwise:</p>
5901:
5902: <p><a href="#generate-implied-end-tags">Generate implied end tags</a>.</p>
5903:
5904: <p>Now, if the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> is not a
5905: <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-caption-element">caption</a></code> element, then this is a <a href="#parse-error">parse
5906: error</a>.</p>
5907:
5908: <p>Pop elements from this stack until a <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-caption-element">caption</a></code>
5909: element has been popped from the stack.</p>
5910:
5911: <p><a href="#clear-the-list-of-active-formatting-elements-up-to-the-last-marker">Clear the list of active formatting elements up to
5912: the last marker</a>.</p>
5913:
5914: <p>Switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to "<a href="#parsing-main-intable" title="insertion mode: in table">in table</a>".</p>
5915:
5916: </dd>
5917:
5918: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is one of: "caption", "col",
5919: "colgroup", "tbody", "td", "tfoot", "th", "thead", "tr"</dt>
5920: <dt>An end tag whose tag name is "table"</dt>
5921: <dd>
5922:
5923: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Act as if an end tag with the tag
5924: name "caption" had been seen, then, if that token wasn't
5925: ignored, reprocess the current token.</p>
5926:
5927: <p class="note">The fake end tag token here can only be
5928: ignored in the <a href="#fragment-case">fragment case</a>.</p>
5929:
5930: </dd>
5931:
5932: <dt>An end tag whose tag name is one of: "body", "col",
5933: "colgroup", "html", "tbody", "td", "tfoot", "th", "thead",
5934: "tr"</dt>
5935: <dd>
5936: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Ignore the token.</p>
5937: </dd>
5938:
5939: <dt>Anything else</dt>
5940: <dd>
5941: <p>Process the token <a href="#using-the-rules-for">using the rules for</a> the "<a href="#parsing-main-inbody" title="insertion mode: in body">in body</a>" <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion
5942: mode</a>.</p>
5943: </dd>
5944:
5945: </dl><h5 id="parsing-main-incolgroup"><span class="secno">9.2.5.15 </span>The "<dfn title="insertion mode: in column group">in column group</dfn>" insertion mode</h5>
5946:
5947: <p>When the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> is "<a href="#parsing-main-incolgroup" title="insertion
5948: mode: in column group">in column group</a>", tokens must be handled as follows:</p>
5949:
5950: <dl class="switch"><dt>A character token that is one of U+0009 CHARACTER
5951: TABULATION, U+000A LINE FEED (LF), U+000C FORM FEED (FF),
5952: <!--U+000D CARRIAGE RETURN (CR),--> or U+0020 SPACE</dt>
5953: <dd>
5954: <p><a href="#insert-a-character" title="insert a character">Insert the character</a> into
5955: the <a href="#current-node">current node</a>.</p>
5956: </dd>
5957:
5958: <dt>A comment token</dt>
5959: <dd>
5960: <p>Append a <code>Comment</code> node to the <a href="#current-node">current
5961: node</a> with the <code title="">data</code> attribute set to
5962: the data given in the comment token.</p>
5963: </dd>
5964:
5965: <dt>A DOCTYPE token</dt>
5966: <dd>
5967: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Ignore the token.</p>
5968: </dd>
5969:
5970: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "html"</dt>
5971: <dd>
5972: <p>Process the token <a href="#using-the-rules-for">using the rules for</a> the "<a href="#parsing-main-inbody" title="insertion mode: in body">in body</a>" <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion
5973: mode</a>.</p>
5974: </dd>
5975:
5976: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "col"</dt>
5977: <dd>
5978:
5979: <p><a href="#insert-an-html-element">Insert an HTML element</a> for the token. Immediately
5980: pop the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> off the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open
5981: elements</a>.</p>
5982:
5983: <p><a href="#acknowledge-self-closing-flag" title="acknowledge self-closing flag">Acknowledge the
5984: token's <i>self-closing flag</i></a>, if it is set.</p>
5985:
5986: </dd>
5987:
5988: <dt>An end tag whose tag name is "colgroup"</dt>
5989: <dd>
5990:
5991: <p>If the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> is the root
5992: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element">html</a></code> element, then this is a <a href="#parse-error">parse
5993: error</a>; ignore the token. (<a href="#fragment-case">fragment
5994: case</a>)</p>
5995:
5996: <p>Otherwise, pop the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> (which will be
5997: a <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-colgroup-element">colgroup</a></code> element) from the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open
5998: elements</a>. Switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to
5999: "<a href="#parsing-main-intable" title="insertion mode: in table">in table</a>".</p>
6000:
6001: </dd>
6002:
6003: <dt>An end tag whose tag name is "col"</dt>
6004: <dd>
6005: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Ignore the token.</p>
6006: </dd>
6007:
6008: <dt>An end-of-file token</dt>
6009: <dd>
6010:
6011: <p>If the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> is the root <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element">html</a></code>
6012: element, then <a href="#stop-parsing">stop parsing</a>. (<a href="#fragment-case">fragment
6013: case</a>)</p>
6014:
6015: <p>Otherwise, act as described in the "anything else" entry
6016: below.</p>
6017:
6018: </dd>
6019:
6020: <dt>Anything else</dt>
6021: <dd>
6022:
6023: <p>Act as if an end tag with the tag name "colgroup" had been
6024: seen, and then, if that token wasn't ignored, reprocess the
6025: current token.</p>
6026:
6027: <p class="note">The fake end tag token here can only be
6028: ignored in the <a href="#fragment-case">fragment case</a>.</p>
6029:
6030: </dd>
6031:
6032: </dl><h5 id="parsing-main-intbody"><span class="secno">9.2.5.16 </span>The "<dfn title="insertion mode: in table body">in table body</dfn>" insertion mode</h5>
6033:
6034: <p>When the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> is "<a href="#parsing-main-intbody" title="insertion
6035: mode: in table body">in table body</a>", tokens must be handled as follows:</p>
6036:
6037: <dl class="switch"><dt>A start tag whose tag name is "tr"</dt>
6038: <dd>
6039:
6040: <p><a href="#clear-the-stack-back-to-a-table-body-context">Clear the stack back to a table body
6041: context</a>. (See below.)</p>
6042:
6043: <p><a href="#insert-an-html-element">Insert an HTML element</a> for the token, then switch
6044: the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to "<a href="#parsing-main-intr" title="insertion mode:
6045: in row">in row</a>".</p>
6046:
6047: </dd>
6048:
6049: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is one of: "th", "td"</dt>
6050: <dd>
6051: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Act as if a start tag with
6052: the tag name "tr" had been seen, then reprocess the current
6053: token.</p>
6054: </dd>
6055:
6056: <dt>An end tag whose tag name is one of: "tbody", "tfoot",
6057: "thead"</dt>
6058: <dd>
6059:
6060: <p>If the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> does not <a href="#has-an-element-in-table-scope" title="has an element in table scope">have an element in table
6061: scope</a> with the same tag name as the token, this is a
6062: <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a>. Ignore the token.</p>
6063:
6064: <p>Otherwise:</p>
6065:
6066: <p><a href="#clear-the-stack-back-to-a-table-body-context">Clear the stack back to a table body
6067: context</a>. (See below.)</p>
6068:
6069: <p>Pop the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> from the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of
6070: open elements</a>. Switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a>
6071: to "<a href="#parsing-main-intable" title="insertion mode: in table">in table</a>".</p>
6072:
6073: </dd>
6074:
6075: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is one of: "caption", "col",
6076: "colgroup", "tbody", "tfoot", "thead"</dt>
6077: <dt>An end tag whose tag name is "table"</dt>
6078: <dd>
6079:
6080: <p>If the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> does not <a href="#has-an-element-in-table-scope" title="has an element in table scope">have a
6081: <code>tbody</code>, <code>thead</code>, or <code>tfoot</code>
6082: element in table scope</a>, this is a <a href="#parse-error">parse
6083: error</a>. Ignore the token. (<a href="#fragment-case">fragment
6084: case</a>)</p>
6085:
6086: <p>Otherwise:</p>
6087:
6088: <p><a href="#clear-the-stack-back-to-a-table-body-context">Clear the stack back to a table body
6089: context</a>. (See below.)</p>
6090:
6091: <p>Act as if an end tag with the same tag name as the
6092: <a href="#current-node">current node</a> ("tbody", "tfoot", or "thead") had
6093: been seen, then reprocess the current token.</p>
6094:
6095: </dd>
6096:
6097: <dt>An end tag whose tag name is one of: "body", "caption",
6098: "col", "colgroup", "html", "td", "th", "tr"</dt>
6099: <dd>
6100: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Ignore the token.</p>
6101: </dd>
6102:
6103: <dt>Anything else</dt>
6104: <dd>
6105: <p>Process the token <a href="#using-the-rules-for">using the rules for</a> the "<a href="#parsing-main-intable" title="insertion mode: in table">in table</a>" <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion
6106: mode</a>.</p>
6107: </dd>
6108:
6109: </dl><p>When the steps above require the UA to <dfn id="clear-the-stack-back-to-a-table-body-context">clear the stack
6110: back to a table body context</dfn>, it means that the UA must,
6111: while the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> is not a <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tbody-element">tbody</a></code>,
6112: <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tfoot-element">tfoot</a></code>, <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-thead-element">thead</a></code>, or <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element">html</a></code>
6113: element, pop elements from the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open
6114: elements</a>.</p>
6115:
6116: <p class="note">The <a href="#current-node">current node</a> being an
6117: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element">html</a></code> element after this process is a <a href="#fragment-case">fragment
6118: case</a>.</p>
6119:
6120:
6121: <h5 id="parsing-main-intr"><span class="secno">9.2.5.17 </span>The "<dfn title="insertion mode: in row">in row</dfn>" insertion mode</h5>
6122:
6123: <p>When the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> is "<a href="#parsing-main-intr" title="insertion
6124: mode: in row">in row</a>", tokens must be handled as follows:</p>
6125:
6126: <dl class="switch"><dt>A start tag whose tag name is one of: "th", "td"</dt>
6127: <dd>
6128:
6129: <p><a href="#clear-the-stack-back-to-a-table-row-context">Clear the stack back to a table row
6130: context</a>. (See below.)</p>
6131:
6132: <p><a href="#insert-an-html-element">Insert an HTML element</a> for the token, then switch
6133: the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to "<a href="#parsing-main-intd" title="insertion mode:
6134: in cell">in cell</a>".</p>
6135:
6136: <p>Insert a marker at the end of the <a href="#list-of-active-formatting-elements">list of active
6137: formatting elements</a>.</p>
6138:
6139: </dd>
6140:
6141: <dt>An end tag whose tag name is "tr"</dt>
6142: <dd>
6143:
6144: <p>If the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> does not <a href="#has-an-element-in-table-scope" title="has an element in table scope">have an element in table
6145: scope</a> with the same tag name as the token, this is a
6146: <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a>. Ignore the token. (<a href="#fragment-case">fragment
6147: case</a>)</p>
6148:
6149: <p>Otherwise:</p>
6150:
6151: <p><a href="#clear-the-stack-back-to-a-table-row-context">Clear the stack back to a table row
6152: context</a>. (See below.)</p>
6153:
6154: <p>Pop the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> (which will be a
6155: <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tr-element">tr</a></code> element) from the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open
6156: elements</a>. Switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to
6157: "<a href="#parsing-main-intbody" title="insertion mode: in table body">in table
6158: body</a>".</p>
6159:
6160: </dd>
6161:
6162: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is one of: "caption", "col",
6163: "colgroup", "tbody", "tfoot", "thead", "tr"</dt>
6164: <dt>An end tag whose tag name is "table"</dt>
6165: <dd>
6166:
6167: <p>Act as if an end tag with the tag name "tr" had been seen,
6168: then, if that token wasn't ignored, reprocess the current
6169: token.</p>
6170:
6171: <p class="note">The fake end tag token here can only be
6172: ignored in the <a href="#fragment-case">fragment case</a>.</p>
6173:
6174: </dd>
6175:
6176: <dt>An end tag whose tag name is one of: "tbody", "tfoot",
6177: "thead"</dt>
6178: <dd>
6179:
6180: <p>If the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> does not <a href="#has-an-element-in-table-scope" title="has an element in table scope">have an element in table
6181: scope</a> with the same tag name as the token, this is a
6182: <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a>. Ignore the token.</p>
6183:
6184: <p>Otherwise, act as if an end tag with the tag name "tr" had
6185: been seen, then reprocess the current token.</p>
6186:
6187: </dd>
6188:
6189: <dt>An end tag whose tag name is one of: "body", "caption",
6190: "col", "colgroup", "html", "td", "th"</dt>
6191: <dd>
6192: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Ignore the token.</p>
6193: </dd>
6194:
6195: <dt>Anything else</dt>
6196: <dd>
6197: <p>Process the token <a href="#using-the-rules-for">using the rules for</a> the "<a href="#parsing-main-intable" title="insertion mode: in table">in table</a>" <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion
6198: mode</a>.</p>
6199: </dd>
6200:
6201: </dl><p>When the steps above require the UA to <dfn id="clear-the-stack-back-to-a-table-row-context">clear the stack
6202: back to a table row context</dfn>, it means that the UA must,
6203: while the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> is not a <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tr-element">tr</a></code>
6204: element or an <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element">html</a></code> element, pop elements from the
6205: <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a>.</p>
6206:
6207: <p class="note">The <a href="#current-node">current node</a> being an
6208: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element">html</a></code> element after this process is a <a href="#fragment-case">fragment
6209: case</a>.</p>
6210:
6211:
6212: <h5 id="parsing-main-intd"><span class="secno">9.2.5.18 </span>The "<dfn title="insertion mode: in cell">in cell</dfn>" insertion mode</h5>
6213:
6214: <p>When the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> is "<a href="#parsing-main-intd" title="insertion
6215: mode: in cell">in cell</a>", tokens must be handled as follows:</p>
6216:
6217: <dl class="switch"><dt>An end tag whose tag name is one of: "td", "th"</dt>
6218: <dd>
6219:
6220: <p>If the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> does not <a href="#has-an-element-in-table-scope" title="has an element in table scope">have an element in table
6221: scope</a> with the same tag name as that of the token, then
6222: this is a <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a> and the token must be
6223: ignored.</p>
6224:
6225: <p>Otherwise:</p>
6226:
6227: <p><a href="#generate-implied-end-tags">Generate implied end tags</a>.</p>
6228:
6229: <p>Now, if the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> is not an element
6230: with the same tag name as the token, then this is a
6231: <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a>.</p>
6232:
6233: <p>Pop elements from this stack until an element with the same
6234: tag name as the token has been popped from the stack.</p>
6235:
6236: <p><a href="#clear-the-list-of-active-formatting-elements-up-to-the-last-marker">Clear the list of active formatting elements up to
6237: the last marker</a>.</p>
6238:
6239: <p>Switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to "<a href="#parsing-main-intr" title="insertion mode: in row">in row</a>". (The
6240: <a href="#current-node">current node</a> will be a <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tr-element">tr</a></code> element at
6241: this point.)</p>
6242:
6243: </dd>
6244:
6245: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is one of: "caption", "col",
6246: "colgroup", "tbody", "td", "tfoot", "th", "thead", "tr"</dt>
6247: <dd>
6248:
6249: <p>If the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> does
6250: <em>not</em> <a href="#has-an-element-in-table-scope" title="has an element in table scope">have
6251: a <code>td</code> or <code>th</code> element in table
6252: scope</a>, then this is a <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a>; ignore
6253: the token. (<a href="#fragment-case">fragment case</a>)</p>
6254:
6255: <p>Otherwise, <a href="#close-the-cell">close the cell</a> (see below) and
6256: reprocess the current token.</p>
6257:
6258: </dd>
6259:
6260: <dt>An end tag whose tag name is one of: "body", "caption",
6261: "col", "colgroup", "html"</dt>
6262: <dd>
6263: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Ignore the token.</p>
6264: </dd>
6265:
6266: <dt>An end tag whose tag name is one of: "table", "tbody",
6267: "tfoot", "thead", "tr"</dt>
6268: <dd>
6269:
6270: <p>If the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> does not <a href="#has-an-element-in-table-scope" title="has an element in table scope">have an element in table
6271: scope</a> with the same tag name as that of the token
6272: (which can only happen for "tbody", "tfoot" and "thead", or,
6273: in the <a href="#fragment-case">fragment case</a>), then this is a <a href="#parse-error">parse
6274: error</a> and the token must be ignored.</p>
6275:
6276: <p>Otherwise, <a href="#close-the-cell">close the cell</a> (see below) and
6277: reprocess the current token.</p>
6278:
6279: </dd>
6280:
6281: <dt>Anything else</dt>
6282: <dd>
6283: <p>Process the token <a href="#using-the-rules-for">using the rules for</a> the "<a href="#parsing-main-inbody" title="insertion mode: in body">in body</a>" <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion
6284: mode</a>.</p>
6285: </dd>
6286:
6287: </dl><p>Where the steps above say to <dfn id="close-the-cell">close the cell</dfn>, they
6288: mean to run the following algorithm:</p>
6289:
6290: <ol><li><p>If the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> <a href="#has-an-element-in-table-scope" title="has an element in table scope">has a <code>td</code>
6291: element in table scope</a>, then act as if an end tag token
6292: with the tag name "td" had been seen.</p></li>
6293:
6294: <li><p>Otherwise, the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> will
6295: <a href="#has-an-element-in-table-scope" title="has an element in table scope">have a
6296: <code>th</code> element in table scope</a>; act as if an end
6297: tag token with the tag name "th" had been seen.</p></li>
6298:
6299: </ol><p class="note">The <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> cannot
6300: have both a <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-td-element">td</a></code> and a <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-th-element">th</a></code> element <a href="#has-an-element-in-table-scope" title="has an element in table scope">in table scope</a> at
6301: the same time, nor can it have neither when the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion
6302: mode</a> is "<a href="#parsing-main-intd" title="insertion mode: in cell">in
6303: cell</a>".</p>
6304:
6305:
6306: <h5 id="parsing-main-inselect"><span class="secno">9.2.5.19 </span>The "<dfn title="insertion mode: in select">in select</dfn>" insertion mode</h5>
6307:
6308: <p>When the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> is "<a href="#parsing-main-inselect" title="insertion
6309: mode: in select">in select</a>", tokens must be handled as follows:</p>
6310:
6311: <dl class="switch"><dt>A character token</dt>
6312: <dd>
6313: <p><a href="#insert-a-character" title="insert a character">Insert the token's
6314: character</a> into the <a href="#current-node">current node</a>.</p>
6315: </dd>
6316:
6317: <dt>A comment token</dt>
6318: <dd>
6319: <p>Append a <code>Comment</code> node to the <a href="#current-node">current
6320: node</a> with the <code title="">data</code> attribute set to
6321: the data given in the comment token.</p>
6322: </dd>
6323:
6324: <dt>A DOCTYPE token</dt>
6325: <dd>
6326: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Ignore the token.</p>
6327: </dd>
6328:
6329: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "html"</dt>
6330: <dd>
6331: <p>Process the token <a href="#using-the-rules-for">using the rules for</a> the "<a href="#parsing-main-inbody" title="insertion mode: in body">in body</a>" <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion
6332: mode</a>.</p>
6333: </dd>
6334:
6335: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "option"</dt>
6336: <dd>
6337:
6338: <p>If the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> is an <code><a href="forms.html#the-option-element">option</a></code>
6339: element, act as if an end tag with the tag name "option" had
6340: been seen.</p>
6341:
6342: <p><a href="#insert-an-html-element">Insert an HTML element</a> for the token.</p>
6343:
6344: </dd>
6345:
6346: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "optgroup"</dt>
6347: <dd>
6348:
6349: <p>If the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> is an <code><a href="forms.html#the-option-element">option</a></code>
6350: element, act as if an end tag with the tag name "option" had
6351: been seen.</p>
6352:
6353: <p>If the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> is an
6354: <code><a href="forms.html#the-optgroup-element">optgroup</a></code> element, act as if an end tag with the
6355: tag name "optgroup" had been seen.</p>
6356:
6357: <p><a href="#insert-an-html-element">Insert an HTML element</a> for the token.</p>
6358:
6359: </dd>
6360:
6361: <dt>An end tag whose tag name is "optgroup"</dt>
6362: <dd>
6363:
6364: <p>First, if the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> is an
6365: <code><a href="forms.html#the-option-element">option</a></code> element, and the node immediately before
6366: it in the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> is an
6367: <code><a href="forms.html#the-optgroup-element">optgroup</a></code> element, then act as if an end tag with
6368: the tag name "option" had been seen.</p>
6369:
6370: <p>If the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> is an
6371: <code><a href="forms.html#the-optgroup-element">optgroup</a></code> element, then pop that node from the
6372: <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a>. Otherwise, this is a
6373: <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a>; ignore the token.</p>
6374:
6375: </dd>
6376:
6377: <dt>An end tag whose tag name is "option"</dt>
6378: <dd>
6379:
6380: <p>If the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> is an <code><a href="forms.html#the-option-element">option</a></code>
6381: element, then pop that node from the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open
6382: elements</a>. Otherwise, this is a <a href="#parse-error">parse
6383: error</a>; ignore the token.</p>
6384:
6385: </dd>
6386:
6387: <dt>An end tag whose tag name is "select"</dt>
6388: <dd>
6389:
6390: <p>If the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> does not <a href="#has-an-element-in-table-scope" title="has an element in table scope">have an element in table
6391: scope</a> with the same tag name as the token, this is a
6392: <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a>. Ignore the token. (<a href="#fragment-case">fragment
6393: case</a>)</p>
6394:
6395: <p>Otherwise:</p>
6396:
6397: <p>Pop elements from the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a>
6398: until a <code><a href="forms.html#the-select-element">select</a></code> element has been popped from the
6399: stack.</p>
6400:
6401: <p><a href="#reset-the-insertion-mode-appropriately">Reset the insertion mode appropriately</a>.</p>
6402:
6403: </dd>
6404:
6405: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "select"</dt>
6406: <dd>
6407:
6408: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Act as if the token had been
6409: an end tag with the tag name "select" instead.</p>
6410:
6411: </dd>
6412:
6413: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is one of: "input", "keygen", "textarea"</dt>
6414: <dd>
1.73 mike 6415:
6416: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>.</p>
6417:
6418: <p>If the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> does not <a href="#has-an-element-in-table-scope" title="has an element in table scope">have an element in table
6419: scope</a> with the same tag name as the token, ignore the
6420: token. (<a href="#fragment-case">fragment case</a>)</p>
6421:
6422: <p>Otherwise, act as if an end tag with the tag name "select" had
6423: been seen, and reprocess the token.</p>
6424:
1.1 mike 6425: </dd>
6426:
6427: <dt>A start tag token whose tag name is "script"</dt>
6428: <dd>
6429: <p>Process the token <a href="#using-the-rules-for">using the rules for</a> the "<a href="#parsing-main-inhead" title="insertion mode: in head">in head</a>" <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion
6430: mode</a>.</p>
6431: </dd>
6432:
6433: <dt>An end-of-file token</dt>
6434: <dd>
6435:
6436: <p>If the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> is not the root
6437: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element">html</a></code> element, then this is a <a href="#parse-error">parse
6438: error</a>.</p>
6439:
6440: <p class="note">It can only be the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> in
6441: the <a href="#fragment-case">fragment case</a>.</p>
6442:
6443: <p><a href="#stop-parsing">Stop parsing</a>.</p>
6444:
6445: </dd>
6446:
6447: <dt>Anything else</dt>
6448: <dd>
6449: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Ignore the token.</p>
6450: </dd>
6451:
6452: </dl><h5 id="parsing-main-inselectintable"><span class="secno">9.2.5.20 </span>The "<dfn title="insertion mode: in select in table">in select in table</dfn>" insertion mode</h5>
6453:
6454: <p>When the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> is "<a href="#parsing-main-inselectintable" title="insertion
6455: mode: in select in table">in select in table</a>", tokens must be handled as follows:</p>
6456:
6457: <dl class="switch"><dt>A start tag whose tag name is one of: "caption", "table",
6458: "tbody", "tfoot", "thead", "tr", "td", "th"</dt>
6459: <dd>
6460: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Act as if an end tag with the tag
6461: name "select" had been seen, and reprocess the token.</p>
6462: </dd>
6463:
6464: <dt>An end tag whose tag name is one of: "caption", "table",
6465: "tbody", "tfoot", "thead", "tr", "td", "th"</dt>
6466: <dd>
6467:
6468: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>.</p>
6469:
6470: <p>If the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> <a href="#has-an-element-in-table-scope">has an
6471: element in table scope</a> with the same tag name as that
6472: of the token, then act as if an end tag with the tag name
6473: "select" had been seen, and reprocess the token. Otherwise,
6474: ignore the token.</p>
6475:
6476: </dd>
6477:
6478: <dt>Anything else</dt>
6479: <dd>
6480: <p>Process the token <a href="#using-the-rules-for">using the rules for</a> the "<a href="#parsing-main-inselect" title="insertion mode: in select">in select</a>" <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion
6481: mode</a>.</p>
6482: </dd>
6483:
6484: </dl><h5 id="parsing-main-inforeign"><span class="secno">9.2.5.21 </span>The "<dfn title="insertion mode: in foreign content">in foreign content</dfn>" insertion mode</h5>
6485:
6486: <p>When the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> is "<a href="#parsing-main-inforeign" title="insertion
6487: mode: in foreign content">in foreign content</a>", tokens must be
6488: handled as follows:</p>
6489:
6490: <dl class="switch"><dt>A character token</dt>
6491: <dd>
6492:
6493: <p><a href="#insert-a-character" title="insert a character">Insert the token's
6494: character</a> into the <a href="#current-node">current node</a>.</p>
6495:
6496: <p>If the token is not one of U+0009 CHARACTER TABULATION, U+000A
6497: LINE FEED (LF), U+000C FORM FEED (FF), <!--U+000D CARRIAGE RETURN
6498: (CR),--> or U+0020 SPACE, then set the <a href="#frameset-ok-flag">frameset-ok
6499: flag</a> to "not ok".</p>
6500:
6501: </dd>
6502:
6503: <dt>A comment token</dt>
6504: <dd>
6505: <p>Append a <code>Comment</code> node to the <a href="#current-node">current
6506: node</a> with the <code title="">data</code> attribute set to
6507: the data given in the comment token.</p>
6508: </dd>
6509:
6510: <dt>A DOCTYPE token</dt>
6511: <dd>
6512: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Ignore the token.</p>
6513: </dd>
6514:
6515: <dt>An end tag whose tag name is "script", if the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> is a <code title="">script</code> element in the <a href="#svg-namespace">SVG namespace</a>.</dt>
6516: <dd>
6517:
6518: <p>Pop the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> off the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open
6519: elements</a>.</p>
6520:
6521: <p>Let the <var title="">old insertion point</var> have the
6522: same value as the current <a href="#insertion-point">insertion point</a>. Let
6523: the <a href="#insertion-point">insertion point</a> be just before the <a href="#next-input-character">next
6524: input character</a>.</p>
6525:
6526: <p>Increment the parser's <a href="#script-nesting-level">script nesting level</a> by
6527: one. Set the <a href="#parser-pause-flag">parser pause flag</a> to true.</p>
6528:
6529: <p><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/SVGMobile12/script.html#ScriptContentProcessing">Process
6530: the <code title="">script</code> element</a> according to the SVG
1.104 mike 6531: rules. <a href="references.html#refsSVG">[SVG]</a></p>
1.1 mike 6532:
6533: <p class="note">Even if this causes <a href="dom.html#dom-document-write" title="dom-document-write">new characters to be inserted into the
6534: tokenizer</a>, the parser will not be executed reentrantly,
6535: since the <a href="#parser-pause-flag">parser pause flag</a> is true.</p>
6536:
6537: <p>Decrement the parser's <a href="#script-nesting-level">script nesting level</a> by
6538: one. If the parser's <a href="#script-nesting-level">script nesting level</a> is zero,
6539: then set the <a href="#parser-pause-flag">parser pause flag</a> to false.</p>
6540:
6541: <p>Let the <a href="#insertion-point">insertion point</a> have the value of the <var title="">old insertion point</var>. (In other words, restore the
6542: <a href="#insertion-point">insertion point</a> to its previous value. This value
6543: might be the "undefined" value.)</p>
6544:
6545: </dd>
6546:
6547: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is neither "mglyph" nor "malignmark", if the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> is an <code title="">mi</code> element in the <a href="#mathml-namespace">MathML namespace</a>.</dt>
6548: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is neither "mglyph" nor "malignmark", if the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> is an <code title="">mo</code> element in the <a href="#mathml-namespace">MathML namespace</a>.</dt>
6549: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is neither "mglyph" nor "malignmark", if the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> is an <code title="">mn</code> element in the <a href="#mathml-namespace">MathML namespace</a>.</dt>
6550: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is neither "mglyph" nor "malignmark", if the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> is an <code title="">ms</code> element in the <a href="#mathml-namespace">MathML namespace</a>.</dt>
6551: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is neither "mglyph" nor "malignmark", if the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> is an <code title="">mtext</code> element in the <a href="#mathml-namespace">MathML namespace</a>.</dt>
6552: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "svg", if the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> is an <code title="">annotation-xml</code> element in the <a href="#mathml-namespace">MathML namespace</a>.</dt>
6553: <dt>A start tag, if the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> is a <code title="">foreignObject</code> element in the <a href="#svg-namespace">SVG namespace</a>.</dt>
6554: <dt>A start tag, if the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> is a <code title="">desc</code> element in the <a href="#svg-namespace">SVG namespace</a>.</dt>
6555: <dt>A start tag, if the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> is a <code title="">title</code> element in the <a href="#svg-namespace">SVG namespace</a>.</dt>
6556: <dt>A start tag, if the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> is an element in the <a href="#html-namespace-0">HTML namespace</a>.</dt>
6557: <dt>An end tag</dt>
6558: <dd>
6559:
6560: <p>Process the token <a href="#using-the-rules-for">using the rules for</a> the
6561: <a href="#secondary-insertion-mode">secondary insertion mode</a>.</p>
6562:
6563: <p>If, after doing so, the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> is still
6564: "<a href="#parsing-main-inforeign" title="insertion mode: in foreign content">in foreign
6565: content</a>", but there is no element in scope that has a
6566: namespace other than the <a href="#html-namespace-0">HTML namespace</a><!-- XXX this
6567: isn't well-defined; it means check to see if the bottom-most HTML
6568: element on the stack is in scope -->, switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion
6569: mode</a> to the <a href="#secondary-insertion-mode">secondary insertion mode</a>.</p>
6570:
6571: </dd>
6572:
6573: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is one of: <!--"a",--> "b", "big",
6574: "blockquote", "body"<!--by inspection-->, "br", "center", "code",
6575: "dd", "div", "dl", "dt"<!-- so that dd and dt can be handled
6576: uniformly throughout the parser -->, "em", "embed", "h1", "h2",
6577: "h3", "h4"<!--for completeness-->, "h5", "h6"<!--for
6578: completeness-->, "head"<!--by inspection-->, "hr", "i", "img",
6579: "li", "listing"<!-- so that pre and listing can be handled
6580: uniformly throughout the parser -->, "menu", "meta", "nobr",
6581: "ol"<!-- so that dl, ul, and ol can be handled uniformly throughout
6582: the parser -->, "p", "pre", "ruby", "s", <!--"script",--> "small",
6583: "span", "strong", "strike"<!-- so that s and strike can be handled
6584: uniformly throughout the parser -->, <!--"style",--> "sub", "sup",
6585: "table"<!--by inspection-->, "tt", "u", "ul", "var"</dt>
6586: <!-- this list was determined empirically by studying over
6587: 6,000,000,000 pages that were specifically not XML pages -->
6588: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "font", if the token has
6589: any attributes named "color", "face", or "size"</dt>
6590: <!-- the attributes here are required so that SVG <font> will go
6591: through as SVG but legacy <font>s won't -->
6592: <dt>An end-of-file token</dt>
6593: <dd>
6594:
6595: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>.</p>
6596:
6597: <p>Pop elements from the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> until
6598: the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> is in the <a href="#html-namespace-0">HTML
6599: namespace</a>.</p>
6600:
6601: <p>Switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to the <a href="#secondary-insertion-mode">secondary
6602: insertion mode</a>, and reprocess the token.</p>
6603:
6604: </dd>
6605:
6606: <dt>Any other start tag</dt>
6607: <dd>
6608:
6609: <p>If the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> is an element in the
6610: <a href="#mathml-namespace">MathML namespace</a>, <a href="#adjust-mathml-attributes">adjust MathML
6611: attributes</a> for the token. (This fixes the case of MathML
6612: attributes that are not all lowercase.)</p>
6613:
6614: <p>If the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> is an element in the <a href="#svg-namespace">SVG
6615: namespace</a>, and the token's tag name is one of the ones in
6616: the first column of the following table, change the tag name to
6617: the name given in the corresponding cell in the second
6618: column. (This fixes the case of SVG elements that are not all
6619: lowercase.)</p>
6620:
6621: <table><thead><tr><th> Tag name </th><th> Element name
6622: </th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td> <code title="">altglyph</code> </td><td> <code title="">altGlyph</code>
6623: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">altglyphdef</code> </td><td> <code title="">altGlyphDef</code>
6624: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">altglyphitem</code> </td><td> <code title="">altGlyphItem</code>
6625: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">animatecolor</code> </td><td> <code title="">animateColor</code>
6626: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">animatemotion</code> </td><td> <code title="">animateMotion</code>
6627: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">animatetransform</code> </td><td> <code title="">animateTransform</code>
6628: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">clippath</code> </td><td> <code title="">clipPath</code>
6629: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">feblend</code> </td><td> <code title="">feBlend</code>
6630: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">fecolormatrix</code> </td><td> <code title="">feColorMatrix</code>
6631: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">fecomponenttransfer</code> </td><td> <code title="">feComponentTransfer</code>
6632: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">fecomposite</code> </td><td> <code title="">feComposite</code>
6633: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">feconvolvematrix</code> </td><td> <code title="">feConvolveMatrix</code>
6634: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">fediffuselighting</code> </td><td> <code title="">feDiffuseLighting</code>
6635: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">fedisplacementmap</code> </td><td> <code title="">feDisplacementMap</code>
6636: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">fedistantlight</code> </td><td> <code title="">feDistantLight</code>
6637: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">feflood</code> </td><td> <code title="">feFlood</code>
6638: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">fefunca</code> </td><td> <code title="">feFuncA</code>
6639: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">fefuncb</code> </td><td> <code title="">feFuncB</code>
6640: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">fefuncg</code> </td><td> <code title="">feFuncG</code>
6641: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">fefuncr</code> </td><td> <code title="">feFuncR</code>
6642: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">fegaussianblur</code> </td><td> <code title="">feGaussianBlur</code>
6643: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">feimage</code> </td><td> <code title="">feImage</code>
6644: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">femerge</code> </td><td> <code title="">feMerge</code>
6645: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">femergenode</code> </td><td> <code title="">feMergeNode</code>
6646: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">femorphology</code> </td><td> <code title="">feMorphology</code>
6647: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">feoffset</code> </td><td> <code title="">feOffset</code>
6648: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">fepointlight</code> </td><td> <code title="">fePointLight</code>
6649: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">fespecularlighting</code> </td><td> <code title="">feSpecularLighting</code>
6650: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">fespotlight</code> </td><td> <code title="">feSpotLight</code>
6651: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">fetile</code> </td><td> <code title="">feTile</code>
6652: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">feturbulence</code> </td><td> <code title="">feTurbulence</code>
6653: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">foreignobject</code> </td><td> <code title="">foreignObject</code>
6654: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">glyphref</code> </td><td> <code title="">glyphRef</code>
6655: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">lineargradient</code> </td><td> <code title="">linearGradient</code>
6656: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">radialgradient</code> </td><td> <code title="">radialGradient</code>
6657: <!--<tr> <td> <code title="">solidcolor</code> <td> <code title="">solidColor</code> (SVG 1.2)-->
6658: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">textpath</code> </td><td> <code title="">textPath</code>
6659: </td></tr></tbody></table><p>If the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> is an element in the <a href="#svg-namespace">SVG
6660: namespace</a>, <a href="#adjust-svg-attributes">adjust SVG attributes</a> for the
6661: token. (This fixes the case of SVG attributes that are not all
6662: lowercase.)</p>
6663:
6664: <p><a href="#adjust-foreign-attributes">Adjust foreign attributes</a> for the token. (This
6665: fixes the use of namespaced attributes, in particular XLink in
6666: SVG.)</p>
6667:
6668: <p><a href="#insert-a-foreign-element">Insert a foreign element</a> for the token, in the
6669: same namespace as the <a href="#current-node">current node</a>.</p>
6670:
6671: <p>If the token has its <i>self-closing flag</i> set, pop the
6672: <a href="#current-node">current node</a> off the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open
6673: elements</a> and <a href="#acknowledge-self-closing-flag" title="acknowledge self-closing
6674: flag">acknowledge the token's <i>self-closing flag</i></a>.</p>
6675:
6676: </dd>
6677:
6678: </dl><h5 id="parsing-main-afterbody"><span class="secno">9.2.5.22 </span>The "<dfn title="insertion mode: after body">after body</dfn>" insertion mode</h5>
6679:
6680: <p>When the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> is "<a href="#parsing-main-afterbody" title="insertion
6681: mode: after body">after body</a>", tokens must be handled as follows:</p>
6682:
6683: <dl class="switch"><dt>A character token that is one of U+0009 CHARACTER
6684: TABULATION, U+000A LINE FEED (LF), U+000C FORM FEED (FF),
6685: <!--U+000D CARRIAGE RETURN (CR),--> or U+0020 SPACE</dt>
6686: <dd>
6687: <p>Process the token <a href="#using-the-rules-for">using the rules for</a> the "<a href="#parsing-main-inbody" title="insertion mode: in body">in body</a>" <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion
6688: mode</a>.</p>
6689: </dd>
6690:
6691: <dt>A comment token</dt>
6692: <dd>
6693: <p>Append a <code>Comment</code> node to the first element in
6694: the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> (the <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element">html</a></code>
6695: element), with the <code title="">data</code> attribute set to
6696: the data given in the comment token.</p>
6697: </dd>
6698:
6699: <dt>A DOCTYPE token</dt>
6700: <dd>
6701: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Ignore the token.</p>
6702: </dd>
6703:
6704: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "html"</dt>
6705: <dd>
6706: <p>Process the token <a href="#using-the-rules-for">using the rules for</a> the "<a href="#parsing-main-inbody" title="insertion mode: in body">in body</a>" <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion
6707: mode</a>.</p>
6708: </dd>
6709:
6710: <dt>An end tag whose tag name is "html"</dt>
6711: <dd>
6712:
6713: <p>If the parser was originally created as part of the <a href="#html-fragment-parsing-algorithm">HTML
6714: fragment parsing algorithm</a>, this is a <a href="#parse-error">parse
6715: error</a>; ignore the token. (<a href="#fragment-case">fragment case</a>)</p>
6716:
6717: <p>Otherwise, switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to "<a href="#the-after-after-body-insertion-mode" title="insertion mode: after after body">after after
6718: body</a>".</p>
6719:
6720: </dd>
6721:
6722: <dt>An end-of-file token</dt>
6723: <dd>
6724: <p><a href="#stop-parsing">Stop parsing</a>.</p>
6725: </dd>
6726:
6727: <dt>Anything else</dt>
6728: <dd>
6729:
6730: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion
6731: mode</a> to "<a href="#parsing-main-inbody" title="insertion mode: in body">in
6732: body</a>" and reprocess the token.</p>
6733:
6734: </dd>
6735:
6736: </dl><h5 id="parsing-main-inframeset"><span class="secno">9.2.5.23 </span>The "<dfn title="insertion mode: in frameset">in frameset</dfn>" insertion mode</h5>
6737:
6738: <p>When the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> is "<a href="#parsing-main-inframeset" title="insertion
6739: mode: in frameset">in frameset</a>", tokens must be handled as follows:</p>
6740:
6741: <dl class="switch"><dt>A character token that is one of U+0009 CHARACTER
6742: TABULATION, U+000A LINE FEED (LF), U+000C FORM FEED (FF),
6743: <!--U+000D CARRIAGE RETURN (CR),--> or U+0020 SPACE</dt>
6744: <dd>
6745: <p><a href="#insert-a-character" title="insert a character">Insert the character</a> into
6746: the <a href="#current-node">current node</a>.</p>
6747: </dd>
6748:
6749: <dt>A comment token</dt>
6750: <dd>
6751: <p>Append a <code>Comment</code> node to the <a href="#current-node">current
6752: node</a> with the <code title="">data</code> attribute set to
6753: the data given in the comment token.</p>
6754: </dd>
6755:
6756: <dt>A DOCTYPE token</dt>
6757: <dd>
6758: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Ignore the token.</p>
6759: </dd>
6760:
6761: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "html"</dt>
6762: <dd>
6763: <p>Process the token <a href="#using-the-rules-for">using the rules for</a> the "<a href="#parsing-main-inbody" title="insertion mode: in body">in body</a>" <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion
6764: mode</a>.</p>
6765: </dd>
6766:
6767: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "frameset"</dt>
6768: <dd>
6769: <p><a href="#insert-an-html-element">Insert an HTML element</a> for the token.</p>
6770: </dd>
6771:
6772: <dt>An end tag whose tag name is "frameset"</dt>
6773: <dd>
6774:
6775: <p>If the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> is the root
6776: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element">html</a></code> element, then this is a <a href="#parse-error">parse
6777: error</a>; ignore the token. (<a href="#fragment-case">fragment
6778: case</a>)</p>
6779:
6780: <p>Otherwise, pop the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> from the
6781: <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a>.</p>
6782:
6783: <p>If the parser was <em>not</em> originally created as part
6784: of the <a href="#html-fragment-parsing-algorithm">HTML fragment parsing algorithm</a>
6785: (<a href="#fragment-case">fragment case</a>), and the <a href="#current-node">current
1.5 mike 6786: node</a> is no longer a <code><a href="obsolete.html#frameset">frameset</a></code> element, then
1.1 mike 6787: switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to "<a href="#parsing-main-afterframeset" title="insertion mode: after frameset">after
6788: frameset</a>".</p>
6789:
6790: </dd>
6791:
6792: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "frame"</dt>
6793: <dd>
6794:
6795: <p><a href="#insert-an-html-element">Insert an HTML element</a> for the token.
6796: Immediately pop the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> off the
6797: <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a>.</p>
6798:
6799: <p><a href="#acknowledge-self-closing-flag" title="acknowledge self-closing flag">Acknowledge the
6800: token's <i>self-closing flag</i></a>, if it is set.</p>
6801:
6802: </dd>
6803:
6804: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "noframes"</dt>
6805: <dd>
6806: <p>Process the token <a href="#using-the-rules-for">using the rules for</a> the "<a href="#parsing-main-inhead" title="insertion mode: in head">in head</a>" <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion
6807: mode</a>.</p>
6808: </dd>
6809:
6810: <dt>An end-of-file token</dt>
6811: <dd>
6812:
6813: <p>If the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> is not the root
6814: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element">html</a></code> element, then this is a <a href="#parse-error">parse
6815: error</a>.</p>
6816:
6817: <p class="note">It can only be the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> in
6818: the <a href="#fragment-case">fragment case</a>.</p>
6819:
6820: <p><a href="#stop-parsing">Stop parsing</a>.</p>
6821:
6822: </dd>
6823:
6824: <dt>Anything else</dt>
6825: <dd>
6826: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Ignore the token.</p>
6827: </dd>
6828:
6829: </dl><h5 id="parsing-main-afterframeset"><span class="secno">9.2.5.24 </span>The "<dfn title="insertion mode: after frameset">after frameset</dfn>" insertion mode</h5>
6830:
6831: <p>When the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> is "<a href="#parsing-main-afterframeset" title="insertion
6832: mode: after frameset">after frameset</a>", tokens must be handled as follows:</p>
6833:
6834: <!-- due to rules in the "in frameset" mode, this can't be entered in the fragment case -->
6835: <dl class="switch"><dt>A character token that is one of U+0009 CHARACTER
6836: TABULATION, U+000A LINE FEED (LF), U+000C FORM FEED (FF),
6837: <!--U+000D CARRIAGE RETURN (CR),--> or U+0020 SPACE</dt>
6838: <dd>
6839: <p><a href="#insert-a-character" title="insert a character">Insert the character</a> into
6840: the <a href="#current-node">current node</a>.</p>
6841: </dd>
6842:
6843: <dt>A comment token</dt>
6844: <dd>
6845: <p>Append a <code>Comment</code> node to the <a href="#current-node">current
6846: node</a> with the <code title="">data</code> attribute set to
6847: the data given in the comment token.</p>
6848: </dd>
6849:
6850: <dt>A DOCTYPE token</dt>
6851: <dd>
6852: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Ignore the token.</p>
6853: </dd>
6854:
6855: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "html"</dt>
6856: <dd>
6857: <p>Process the token <a href="#using-the-rules-for">using the rules for</a> the "<a href="#parsing-main-inbody" title="insertion mode: in body">in body</a>" <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion
6858: mode</a>.</p>
6859: </dd>
6860:
6861: <dt>An end tag whose tag name is "html"</dt>
6862: <dd>
6863: <p>Switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to "<a href="#the-after-after-frameset-insertion-mode" title="insertion mode: after after frameset">after after
6864: frameset</a>".</p>
6865: </dd>
6866:
6867: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "noframes"</dt>
6868: <dd>
6869: <p>Process the token <a href="#using-the-rules-for">using the rules for</a> the "<a href="#parsing-main-inhead" title="insertion mode: in head">in head</a>" <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion
6870: mode</a>.</p>
6871: </dd>
6872:
6873: <dt>An end-of-file token</dt>
6874: <dd>
6875: <p><a href="#stop-parsing">Stop parsing</a>.</p>
6876: </dd>
6877:
6878: <dt>Anything else</dt>
6879: <dd>
6880: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Ignore the token.</p>
6881: </dd>
6882:
6883: </dl><p class="XXX">This doesn't handle UAs that don't support
6884: frames, or that do support frames but want to show the NOFRAMES
6885: content. Supporting the former is easy; supporting the latter is
6886: harder.</p>
6887:
6888:
6889: <h5 id="the-after-after-body-insertion-mode"><span class="secno">9.2.5.25 </span>The "<dfn title="insertion mode: after after body">after after body</dfn>" insertion mode</h5>
6890:
6891: <p>When the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> is "<a href="#the-after-after-body-insertion-mode" title="insertion
6892: mode: after after body">after after body</a>", tokens must be handled as follows:</p>
6893:
6894: <dl class="switch"><dt>A comment token</dt>
6895: <dd>
6896: <p>Append a <code>Comment</code> node to the <code>Document</code>
6897: object with the <code title="">data</code> attribute set to the
6898: data given in the comment token.</p>
6899: </dd>
6900:
6901: <dt>A DOCTYPE token</dt>
6902: <dt>A character token that is one of U+0009 CHARACTER
6903: TABULATION, U+000A LINE FEED (LF), U+000C FORM FEED (FF),
6904: <!--U+000D CARRIAGE RETURN (CR),--> or U+0020 SPACE</dt>
6905: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "html"</dt>
6906: <dd>
6907: <p>Process the token <a href="#using-the-rules-for">using the rules for</a> the "<a href="#parsing-main-inbody" title="insertion mode: in body">in body</a>" <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion
6908: mode</a>.</p>
6909: </dd>
6910:
6911: <dt>An end-of-file token</dt>
6912: <dd>
6913: <p><a href="#stop-parsing">Stop parsing</a>.</p>
6914: </dd>
6915:
6916: <dt>Anything else</dt>
6917: <dd>
6918: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a>
6919: to "<a href="#parsing-main-inbody" title="insertion mode: in body">in body</a>" and
6920: reprocess the token.</p>
6921: </dd>
6922:
6923: </dl><h5 id="the-after-after-frameset-insertion-mode"><span class="secno">9.2.5.26 </span>The "<dfn title="insertion mode: after after frameset">after after frameset</dfn>" insertion mode</h5>
6924:
6925: <p>When the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> is "<a href="#the-after-after-frameset-insertion-mode" title="insertion
6926: mode: after after frameset">after after frameset</a>", tokens must be handled as follows:</p>
6927:
6928: <dl class="switch"><dt>A comment token</dt>
6929: <dd>
6930: <p>Append a <code>Comment</code> node to the <code>Document</code>
6931: object with the <code title="">data</code> attribute set to the
6932: data given in the comment token.</p>
6933: </dd>
6934:
6935: <dt>A DOCTYPE token</dt>
6936: <dt>A character token that is one of U+0009 CHARACTER
6937: TABULATION, U+000A LINE FEED (LF), U+000C FORM FEED (FF),
6938: <!--U+000D CARRIAGE RETURN (CR),--> or U+0020 SPACE</dt>
6939: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "html"</dt>
6940: <dd>
6941: <p>Process the token <a href="#using-the-rules-for">using the rules for</a> the "<a href="#parsing-main-inbody" title="insertion mode: in body">in body</a>" <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion
6942: mode</a>.</p>
6943: </dd>
6944:
6945: <dt>An end-of-file token</dt>
6946: <dd>
6947: <p><a href="#stop-parsing">Stop parsing</a>.</p>
6948: </dd>
6949:
6950: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "noframes"</dt>
6951: <dd>
6952: <p>Process the token <a href="#using-the-rules-for">using the rules for</a> the "<a href="#parsing-main-inhead" title="insertion mode: in head">in head</a>" <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion
6953: mode</a>.</p>
6954: </dd>
6955:
6956: <dt>Anything else</dt>
6957: <dd>
6958: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Ignore the token.</p>
6959: </dd>
6960:
6961: </dl><h4 id="the-end"><span class="secno">9.2.6 </span>The end</h4>
6962:
6963: <p>Once the user agent <dfn id="stop-parsing" title="stop parsing">stops parsing</dfn>
6964: the document, the user agent must follow the steps in this
6965: section.</p>
6966:
1.10 mike 6967: <!-- this happens as part of one of the tasks that runs the parser -->
1.1 mike 6968:
1.10 mike 6969: <p>First, the user agent must set the <a href="dom.html#current-document-readiness">current document
6970: readiness</a> to "interactive" and the <a href="#insertion-point">insertion
6971: point</a> to undefined.</p>
6972:
6973: <p>Then, the user agent must then make a list of all the scripts
6974: that are in the <a href="semantics.html#list-of-scripts-that-will-execute-when-the-document-has-finished-parsing">list of scripts that will execute when the
6975: document has finished parsing</a>, the <a href="semantics.html#list-of-scripts-that-will-execute-asynchronously">list of scripts that
6976: will execute asynchronously</a>, and the <a href="semantics.html#list-of-scripts-that-will-execute-as-soon-as-possible">list of scripts
6977: that will execute as soon as possible</a>. This is the <dfn id="list-of-scripts-pending-after-the-parser-stopped">list
6978: of scripts pending after the parser stopped</dfn>.</p>
6979:
6980: <p>The rules for <a href="semantics.html#when-a-script-completes-loading">when a script completes loading</a> start
6981: applying (script execution is no longer managed by the parser).</p>
1.1 mike 6982:
6983: <p>If any of the scripts in the <a href="semantics.html#list-of-scripts-that-will-execute-as-soon-as-possible">list of scripts that will
6984: execute as soon as possible</a> have <a href="semantics.html#completed-loading">completed
6985: loading</a>, or if the <a href="semantics.html#list-of-scripts-that-will-execute-asynchronously">list of scripts that will execute
6986: asynchronously</a> is not empty and the first script in that list
6987: has <a href="semantics.html#completed-loading">completed loading</a>, then the user agent must act as
6988: if those scripts just completed loading, following the rules given
6989: for that in the <code><a href="semantics.html#script">script</a></code> element definition.</p>
6990:
1.10 mike 6991: <p>If the <a href="semantics.html#list-of-scripts-that-will-execute-when-the-document-has-finished-parsing">list of scripts that will execute when the document
6992: has finished parsing</a> is not empty, and the first item in this
6993: list has already <a href="semantics.html#completed-loading">completed loading</a>, then the user agent
6994: must act as if that script just finished loading.</p>
6995:
6996: <p class="note">By this point, there will be no scripts that have
6997: loaded but have not yet been executed.</p>
6998:
6999: <hr><!-- async --><p>Once all the scripts on the <a href="#list-of-scripts-pending-after-the-parser-stopped">list of scripts pending after
7000: the parser stopped</a> have <a href="semantics.html#completed-loading">completed loading</a> and
7001: been <a href="semantics.html#executing-a-script-block" title="executing a script block">executed</a>, the
7002: user agent must <a href="browsers.html#queue-a-task">queue a task</a> to <a href="browsers.html#fire-a-simple-event">fire a simple
7003: event</a> called <code title="event-DOMContentLoaded">DOMContentLoaded</code> at the
7004: <code>Document</code>. (If the list is empty, this happens
7005: immediately.)</p>
1.1 mike 7006:
1.10 mike 7007: <hr><!-- async --><p>Once everything that <dfn id="delay-the-load-event" title="delay the load event">delays the
1.1 mike 7008: load event</dfn> of the document has completed, the user agent must
7009: run the following steps:</p>
7010:
7011: <ol><li><a href="browsers.html#queue-a-task">Queue a task</a> to set the <a href="dom.html#current-document-readiness">current document
7012: readiness</a> to "complete".</li>
7013:
7014: <li>If the <code>Document</code> is in a <a href="browsers.html#browsing-context">browsing
7015: context</a>, then <a href="browsers.html#queue-a-task">queue a task</a> to <a href="browsers.html#fire-a-simple-event">fire a
7016: simple event</a> called <code title="event-load"><a href="video.html#event-load">load</a></code> at
7017: the <code>Document</code>'s <code><a href="browsers.html#window">Window</a></code> object, but with
7018: its <code title="dom-event-target">target</code> set to the
7019: <code>Document</code> object (and the <code title="dom-event-currentTarget">currentTarget</code> set to the
7020: <code><a href="browsers.html#window">Window</a></code> object).</li>
7021:
7022: <li>If the <code>Document</code> has a <a href="history.html#pending-state-object">pending state
7023: object</a>, then <a href="browsers.html#queue-a-task">queue a task</a> to fire a <code title="event-popstate"><a href="history.html#event-popstate">popstate</a></code> event in no namespace on the
7024: <code>Document</code>'s <code><a href="browsers.html#window">Window</a></code> object using the
7025: <code><a href="history.html#popstateevent">PopStateEvent</a></code> interface, with the <code title="dom-PopStateEvent-state"><a href="history.html#dom-popstateevent-state">state</a></code> attribute set to the
7026: current value of the <a href="history.html#pending-state-object">pending state object</a>. This event
7027: must bubble but not be cancelable and has no default action.</li>
7028:
7029: </ol><p>The <a href="browsers.html#task-source">task source</a> for these tasks is the <a href="browsers.html#dom-manipulation-task-source">DOM
7030: manipulation task source</a>.</p>
7031:
7032: <!-- XXX make sure things "delay the load event", e.g. applet and
7033: object element's frame contents -->
7034:
7035: <p class="XXX">delaying the load event for things like image
7036: loads allows for intranet port scans (even without
7037: javascript!). Should we really encode that into the spec?</p>
7038:
7039:
7040: <!--XXX need to handle
7041: http://lxr.mozilla.org/mozilla/source/parser/htmlparser/src/CNavDTD.cpp#2354
7042: 2354 // Don't open transient styles if it makes the stack deep, bug 58917.
7043: -->
7044:
7045: <!--XXX
7046: http://lxr.mozilla.org/mozilla/source/parser/htmlparser/src/nsHTMLTokenizer.cpp#749
7047: -->
7048:
7049: <!--
7050: see also CTextToken::ConsumeCharacterData() for CDATA parsing?
7051:
7052: 1212 1 Here's a tricky case from bug 22596: <h5><li><h5>
7053: 1213 How do we know that the 2nd <h5> should close the <LI> rather than nest inside the <LI>?
7054: 1214 (Afterall, the <h5> is a legal child of the <LI>).
7055: 1215
7056: 1216 The way you know is that there is no root between the two, so the <h5> binds more
7057: 1217 tightly to the 1st <h5> than to the <LI>.
7058: 1218 2. Also, bug 6148 shows this case: <SPAN><DIV><SPAN>
7059: 1219 From this case we learned not to execute this logic if the parent is a block.
7060: 1220
7061: 1221 3. Fix for 26583
7062: 1222 Ex. <A href=foo.html><B>foo<A href-bar.html>bar</A></B></A> <- A legal HTML
7063: 1223 In the above example clicking on "foo" or "bar" should link to
7064: 1224 foo.html or bar.html respectively. That is, the inner <A> should be informed
7065: 1225 about the presence of an open <A> above <B>..so that the inner <A> can close out
7066: 1226 the outer <A>. The following code does it for us.
7067: 1227
7068: 1228 4. Fix for 27865 [ similer to 22596 ]. Ex: <DL><DD><LI>one<DD><LI>two
7069: - http://lxr.mozilla.org/mozilla/source/parser/htmlparser/src/CNavDTD.cpp#1211
7070:
7071: 815 // Here's a problem. If theTag is legal in here, we don't move it
7072: 816 // out. So if we're moving stuff out of here, the parent of theTag
7073: 817 // gets closed at this point. But some things are legal
7074: 818 // _everywhere_ and hence would effectively close out misplaced
7075: 819 // content in tables. This is undesirable, so treat them as
7076: 820 // illegal here so they'll be shipped out with their parents and
7077: 821 // siblings. See bug 40855 for an explanation (that bug was for
7078: 822 // comments, but the same issues arise with whitespace, newlines,
7079: 823 // noscript, etc). Script is special, though. Shipping it out
7080: 824 // breaks document.write stuff. See bug 243064.
7081: - http://lxr.mozilla.org/mozilla/source/parser/htmlparser/src/CNavDTD.cpp#825
7082:
7083:
7084: 1326 /**************************************************************************************
7085: 1327 *
7086: 1328 * Now a little code to deal with bug #49687 (crash when layout stack gets too deep)
7087: 1329 * I've also opened this up to any container (not just inlines): re bug 55095
7088: 1330 * Improved to handle bug 55980 (infinite loop caused when DEPTH is exceeded and
7089: 1331 * </P> is encountered by itself (<P>) is continuously produced.
7090: 1332 *
7091: 1333 **************************************************************************************/
7092:
7093: 1912 // Oh boy!! we found a "stray" tag. Nav4.x and IE introduce line break in
7094: 1913 // such cases. So, let's simulate that effect for compatibility.
7095: 1914 // Ex. <html><body>Hello</P>There</body></html>
7096: http://lxr.mozilla.org/mozilla/source/parser/htmlparser/src/CNavDTD.cpp#1912
7097:
7098: http://lxr.mozilla.org/seamonkey/search?string=nested
7099: /parser/htmlparser/src/CNavDTD.cpp, line 791 - * 2. <CENTER><DL><DT><A><CENTER> allow nested <CENTER>
7100: /parser/htmlparser/src/CNavDTD.cpp, line 792 - * 3. <TABLE><TR><TD><TABLE>... allow nested <TABLE>
7101: /parser/htmlparser/src/CNavDTD.cpp, line 2562 - // Discard nested forms - bug 72639
7102: /parser/htmlparser/src/nsElementTable.cpp, line 1453 - * 2. <CENTER><DL><DT><A><CENTER> allow nested <CENTER>
7103: /parser/htmlparser/src/nsElementTable.cpp, line 1454 - * 3. <TABLE><TR><TD><TABLE>... allow nested <TABLE>
7104: /parser/htmlparser/src/nsElementTable.cpp, line 1901 - // Ex: <H1><LI><H1><LI>. Inner LI has the potential of getting nested
7105: -->
7106:
7107:
7108: <h4 id="coercing-an-html-dom-into-an-infoset"><span class="secno">9.2.7 </span>Coercing an HTML DOM into an infoset</h4>
7109:
7110: <p>When an application uses an <a href="#html-parser">HTML parser</a> in
7111: conjunction with an XML pipeline, it is possible that the
7112: constructed DOM is not compatible with the XML tool chain in certain
7113: subtle ways. For example, an XML toolchain might not be able to
7114: represent attributes with the name <code title="">xmlns</code>,
7115: since they conflict with the Namespaces in XML syntax. There is also
7116: some data that the <a href="#html-parser">HTML parser</a> generates that isn't
7117: included in the DOM itself. This section specifies some rules for
7118: handling these issues.</p>
7119:
7120: <p>If the XML API being used doesn't support DOCTYPEs, the tool may
7121: drop DOCTYPEs altogether.</p>
7122:
7123: <p>If the XML API doesn't support attributes in no namespace that
7124: are named "<code title="">xmlns</code>", attributes whose names
7125: start with "<code title="">xmlns:</code>", or attributes in the
7126: <a href="#xmlns-namespace">XMLNS namespace</a>, then the tool may drop such
7127: attributes.</p>
7128:
7129: <p>The tool may annotate the output with any namespace declarations
7130: required for proper operation.</p>
7131:
7132: <p>If the XML API being used restricts the allowable characters in
7133: the local names of elements and attributes, then the tool may map
7134: all element and attribute local names that the API wouldn't support
7135: to a set of names that <em>are</em> allowed, by replacing any
7136: character that isn't supported with the uppercase letter U and the
7137: six digits of the character's Unicode code point when expressed in
7138: hexadecimal, using digits 0-9 and capital letters A-F as the
7139: symbols, in increasing numeric order.</p>
7140:
7141: <p class="example">For example, the element name <code title="">foo<bar</code>, which can be output by the <a href="#html-parser">HTML
7142: parser</a>, though it is neither a legal HTML element name nor a
7143: well-formed XML element name, would be converted into <code title="">fooU00003Cbar</code>, which <em>is</em> a well-formed XML
7144: element name (though it's still not legal in HTML by any means).</p>
7145:
7146: <p class="example">As another example, consider the attribute
7147: <code>xlink:href</code>. Used on a MathML element, it becomes, after
7148: being <a href="#adjust-foreign-attributes" title="adjust foreign attributes">adjusted</a>, an
7149: attribute with a prefix "<code title="">xlink</code>" and a local
7150: name "<code title="">href</code>". However, used on an HTML element,
7151: it becomes an attribute with no prefix and the local name "<code title="">xlink:href</code>", which is not a valid NCName, and thus
7152: might not be accepted by an XML API. It could thus get converted,
7153: becoming "<code title="">xlinkU00003Ahref</code>".</p>
7154:
7155: <p class="note">The resulting names from this conversion
7156: conveniently can't clash with any attribute generated by the
7157: <a href="#html-parser">HTML parser</a>, since those are all either lowercase or
7158: those listed in the <a href="#adjust-foreign-attributes">adjust foreign attributes</a>
7159: algorithm's table.</p>
7160:
7161: <p>If the XML API restricts comments from having two consecutive
7162: U+002D HYPHEN-MINUS characters (--), the tool may insert a single
7163: U+0020 SPACE character between any such offending characters.</p>
7164:
7165: <p>If the XML API restricts comments from ending in a
7166: U+002D HYPHEN-MINUS character (-), the tool may insert a single
7167: U+0020 SPACE character at the end of such comments.</p>
7168:
7169: <p>If the XML API restricts allowed characters in character data,
7170: the tool may replace any U+000C FORM FEED (FF) character with a
7171: U+0020 SPACE character, and any other literal non-XML character with
7172: a U+FFFD REPLACEMENT CHARACTER.</p>
7173:
7174: <p>If the tool has no way to convey out-of-band information, then
7175: the tool may drop the following information:</p>
7176:
7177: <ul><li>Whether the document is set to <i><a href="dom.html#no-quirks-mode">no quirks mode</a></i>,
7178: <i><a href="dom.html#limited-quirks-mode">limited quirks mode</a></i>, or <i><a href="dom.html#quirks-mode">quirks mode</a></i></li>
7179:
7180: <li>The association between form controls and forms that aren't
7181: their nearest <code><a href="forms.html#the-form-element">form</a></code> element ancestor (use of the
7182: <a href="#form-element-pointer"><code>form</code> element pointer</a> in the parser)</li>
7183:
7184: </ul><p class="note">The mutations allowed by this section apply
7185: <em>after</em> the <a href="#html-parser">HTML parser</a>'s rules have been
7186: applied. For example, a <code title=""><a::></code> start tag
7187: will be closed by a <code title=""></a::></code> end tag, and
7188: never by a <code title=""></aU00003AU00003A></code> end tag, even
7189: if the user agent is using the rules above to then generate an
7190: actual element in the DOM with the name <code title="">aU00003AU00003A</code> for that start tag.</p>
7191:
7192:
7193:
1.35 mike 7194: <h4 id="an-introduction-to-error-handling-and-strange-cases-in-the-parser"><span class="secno">9.2.8 </span>An introduction to error handling and strange cases in the parser</h4>
1.1 mike 7195:
7196: <p><i>This section is non-normative.</i></p>
7197:
7198: <p>This section examines some erroneous markup and discusses how
7199: the <a href="#html-parser">HTML parser</a> handles these cases.</p>
7200:
7201:
7202: <h5 id="misnested-tags:-b-i-b-i"><span class="secno">9.2.8.1 </span>Misnested tags: <b><i></b></i></h5>
7203:
7204: <p><i>This section is non-normative.</i></p>
7205:
7206: <p>The most-often discussed example of erroneous markup is as
7207: follows:</p>
7208:
7209: <pre><p>1<b>2<i>3</b>4</i>5</p></pre>
7210:
7211: <p>The parsing of this markup is straightforward up to the "3". At
7212: this point, the DOM looks like this:</p>
7213:
7214: <ul class="domTree"><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element">html</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-head-element">head</a></code></li><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-body-element">body</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-p-element">p</a></code><ul><li class="t3"><code>#text</code>: <span title="">1</span></li><li class="t1"><code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-b-element">b</a></code><ul><li class="t3"><code>#text</code>: <span title="">2</span></li><li class="t1"><code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-i-element">i</a></code><ul><li class="t3"><code>#text</code>: <span title="">3</span></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul><p>Here, the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> has five elements
7215: on it: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element">html</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-body-element">body</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-p-element">p</a></code>,
7216: <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-b-element">b</a></code>, and <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-i-element">i</a></code>. The <a href="#list-of-active-formatting-elements">list of active
7217: formatting elements</a> just has two: <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-b-element">b</a></code> and
7218: <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-i-element">i</a></code>. The <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> is "<a href="#parsing-main-inbody" title="insertion mode: in body">in body</a>".</p>
7219:
7220: <p>Upon receiving the end tag token with the tag name "b", the "<a href="#adoptionAgency">adoption agency algorithm</a>" is
7221: invoked. This is a simple case, in that the <var title="">formatting
7222: element</var> is the <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-b-element">b</a></code> element, and there is no
7223: <var title="">furthest block</var>. Thus, the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open
7224: elements</a> ends up with just three elements: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element">html</a></code>,
7225: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-body-element">body</a></code>, and <code><a href="semantics.html#the-p-element">p</a></code>, while the <a href="#list-of-active-formatting-elements">list of
7226: active formatting elements</a> has just one: <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-i-element">i</a></code>. The
7227: DOM tree is unmodified at this point.</p>
7228:
7229: <p>The next token is a character ("4"), triggers the <a href="#reconstruct-the-active-formatting-elements" title="reconstruct the active formatting elements">reconstruction of
7230: the active formatting elements</a>, in this case just the
7231: <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-i-element">i</a></code> element. A new <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-i-element">i</a></code> element is thus created
7232: for the "4" text node. After the end tag token for the "i" is also
7233: received, and the "5" text node is inserted, the DOM looks as
7234: follows:</p>
7235:
7236: <ul class="domTree"><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element">html</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-head-element">head</a></code></li><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-body-element">body</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-p-element">p</a></code><ul><li class="t3"><code>#text</code>: <span title="">1</span></li><li class="t1"><code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-b-element">b</a></code><ul><li class="t3"><code>#text</code>: <span title="">2</span></li><li class="t1"><code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-i-element">i</a></code><ul><li class="t3"><code>#text</code>: <span title="">3</span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li class="t1"><code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-i-element">i</a></code><ul><li class="t3"><code>#text</code>: <span title="">4</span></li></ul></li><li class="t3"><code>#text</code>: <span title="">5</span></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul><h5 id="misnested-tags:-b-p-b-p"><span class="secno">9.2.8.2 </span>Misnested tags: <b><p></b></p></h5>
7237:
7238: <p><i>This section is non-normative.</i></p>
7239:
7240: <p>A case similar to the previous one is the following:</p>
7241:
7242: <pre><b>1<p>2</b>3</p></pre>
7243:
7244: <p>Up to the "2" the parsing here is straightforward:</p>
7245:
7246: <ul class="domTree"><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element">html</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-head-element">head</a></code></li><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-body-element">body</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-b-element">b</a></code><ul><li class="t3"><code>#text</code>: <span title="">1</span></li><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-p-element">p</a></code><ul><li class="t3"><code>#text</code>: <span title="">2</span></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul><p>The interesting part is when the end tag token with the tag name
7247: "b" is parsed.</p>
7248:
7249: <p>Before that token is seen, the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open
7250: elements</a> has four elements on it: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element">html</a></code>,
7251: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-body-element">body</a></code>, <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-b-element">b</a></code>, and <code><a href="semantics.html#the-p-element">p</a></code>. The
7252: <a href="#list-of-active-formatting-elements">list of active formatting elements</a> just has the one:
7253: <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-b-element">b</a></code>. The <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> is "<a href="#parsing-main-inbody" title="insertion mode: in body">in body</a>".</p>
7254:
7255: <p>Upon receiving the end tag token with the tag name "b", the "<a href="#adoptionAgency">adoption agency algorithm</a>" is invoked, as
7256: in the previous example. However, in this case, there <em>is</em> a
7257: <var title="">furthest block</var>, namely the <code><a href="semantics.html#the-p-element">p</a></code> element. Thus,
7258: this time the adoption agency algorithm isn't skipped over.</p>
7259:
7260: <p>The <var title="">common ancestor</var> is the <code><a href="semantics.html#the-body-element">body</a></code>
7261: element. A conceptual "bookmark" marks the position of the
7262: <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-b-element">b</a></code> in the <a href="#list-of-active-formatting-elements">list of active formatting
7263: elements</a>, but since that list has only one element in it,
7264: it won't have much effect.</p>
7265:
7266: <p>As the algorithm progresses, <var title="">node</var> ends up set
7267: to the formatting element (<code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-b-element">b</a></code>), and <var title="">last
7268: node</var> ends up set to the <var title="">furthest block</var>
7269: (<code><a href="semantics.html#the-p-element">p</a></code>).</p>
7270:
7271: <p>The <var title="">last node</var> gets appended (moved) to the
7272: <var title="">common ancestor</var>, so that the DOM looks like:</p>
7273:
7274: <ul class="domTree"><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element">html</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-head-element">head</a></code></li><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-body-element">body</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-b-element">b</a></code><ul><li class="t3"><code>#text</code>: <span title="">1</span></li></ul></li><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-p-element">p</a></code><ul><li class="t3"><code>#text</code>: <span title="">2</span></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul><p>A new <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-b-element">b</a></code> element is created, and the children of the
7275: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-p-element">p</a></code> element are moved to it:</p>
7276:
7277: <ul class="domTree"><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element">html</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-head-element">head</a></code></li><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-body-element">body</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-b-element">b</a></code><ul><li class="t3"><code>#text</code>: <span title="">1</span></li></ul></li><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-p-element">p</a></code></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul><ul class="domTree"><li class="t1"><code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-b-element">b</a></code><ul><li class="t3"><code>#text</code>: <span title="">2</span></li></ul></li></ul><p>Finally, the new <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-b-element">b</a></code> element is appended to the
7278: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-p-element">p</a></code> element, so that the DOM looks like:</p>
7279:
7280: <ul class="domTree"><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element">html</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-head-element">head</a></code></li><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-body-element">body</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-b-element">b</a></code><ul><li class="t3"><code>#text</code>: <span title="">1</span></li></ul></li><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-p-element">p</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-b-element">b</a></code><ul><li class="t3"><code>#text</code>: <span title="">2</span></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul><p>The <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-b-element">b</a></code> element is removed from the <a href="#list-of-active-formatting-elements">list of
7281: active formatting elements</a> and the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open
7282: elements</a>, so that when the "3" is parsed, it is appended to
7283: the <code><a href="semantics.html#the-p-element">p</a></code> element:</p>
7284:
7285: <ul class="domTree"><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element">html</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-head-element">head</a></code></li><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-body-element">body</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-b-element">b</a></code><ul><li class="t3"><code>#text</code>: <span title="">1</span></li></ul></li><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-p-element">p</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-b-element">b</a></code><ul><li class="t3"><code>#text</code>: <span title="">2</span></li></ul></li><li class="t3"><code>#text</code>: <span title="">3</span></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul><h5 id="unexpected-markup-in-tables"><span class="secno">9.2.8.3 </span>Unexpected markup in tables</h5>
7286:
7287: <p><i>This section is non-normative.</i></p>
7288:
7289: <p>Error handling in tables is, for historical reasons, especially
7290: strange. For example, consider the following markup:</p>
7291:
7292: <pre><table><strong><b></strong><tr><td>aaa</td></tr><strong>bbb</strong></table>ccc</pre>
7293:
7294: <p>The highlighted <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-b-element">b</a></code> element start tag is not allowed
7295: directly inside a table like that, and the parser handles this case
7296: by placing the element <em>before</em> the table. (This is called <i title="foster parent"><a href="#foster-parent">foster parenting</a></i>.) This can be seen by
7297: examining the DOM tree as it stands just after the
7298: <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-table-element">table</a></code> element's start tag has been seen:</p>
7299:
7300: <ul class="domTree"><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element">html</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-head-element">head</a></code></li><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-body-element">body</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-table-element">table</a></code></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul><p>...and then immediately after the <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-b-element">b</a></code> element start
7301: tag has been seen:</p>
7302:
7303: <ul class="domTree"><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element">html</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-head-element">head</a></code></li><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-body-element">body</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-b-element">b</a></code></li><li class="t1"><code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-table-element">table</a></code></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul><p>At this point, the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> has on it
7304: the elements <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element">html</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-body-element">body</a></code>,
7305: <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-table-element">table</a></code>, and <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-b-element">b</a></code> (in that order, despite the
7306: resulting DOM tree); the <a href="#list-of-active-formatting-elements">list of active formatting
7307: elements</a> just has the <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-b-element">b</a></code> element in it; and the
7308: <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> is "<a href="#parsing-main-intable" title="insertion mode: in
7309: table">in table</a>".</p>
7310:
7311: <p>The <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tr-element">tr</a></code> start tag causes the <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-b-element">b</a></code> element
7312: to be popped off the stack and a <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tbody-element">tbody</a></code> start tag to be
7313: implied; the <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tbody-element">tbody</a></code> and <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tr-element">tr</a></code> elements are
7314: then handled in a rather straight-forward manner, taking the parser
7315: through the "<a href="#parsing-main-intbody" title="insertion mode: in table body">in table
7316: body</a>" and "<a href="#parsing-main-intr" title="insertion mode: in row">in
7317: row</a>" insertion modes, after which the DOM looks as
7318: follows:</p>
7319:
7320: <ul class="domTree"><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element">html</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-head-element">head</a></code></li><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-body-element">body</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-b-element">b</a></code></li><li class="t1"><code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-table-element">table</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tbody-element">tbody</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tr-element">tr</a></code></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul><p>Here, the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> has on it the
7321: elements <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element">html</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-body-element">body</a></code>, <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-table-element">table</a></code>,
7322: <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tbody-element">tbody</a></code>, and <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tr-element">tr</a></code>; the <a href="#list-of-active-formatting-elements">list of active
7323: formatting elements</a> still has the <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-b-element">b</a></code> element in
7324: it; and the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> is "<a href="#parsing-main-intr" title="insertion
7325: mode: in row">in row</a>".</p>
7326:
7327: <p>The <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-td-element">td</a></code> element start tag token, after putting a
7328: <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-td-element">td</a></code> element on the tree, puts a marker on the <a href="#list-of-active-formatting-elements">list
7329: of active formatting elements</a> (it also switches to the "<a href="#parsing-main-intd" title="insertion mode: in cell">in cell</a>" <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion
7330: mode</a>).</p>
7331:
7332: <ul class="domTree"><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element">html</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-head-element">head</a></code></li><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-body-element">body</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-b-element">b</a></code></li><li class="t1"><code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-table-element">table</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tbody-element">tbody</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tr-element">tr</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-td-element">td</a></code></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul><p>The marker means that when the "aaa" character tokens are seen,
7333: no <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-b-element">b</a></code> element is created to hold the resulting text
7334: node:</p>
7335:
7336: <ul class="domTree"><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element">html</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-head-element">head</a></code></li><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-body-element">body</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-b-element">b</a></code></li><li class="t1"><code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-table-element">table</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tbody-element">tbody</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tr-element">tr</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-td-element">td</a></code><ul><li class="t3"><code>#text</code>: <span title="">aaa</span></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul><p>The end tags are handled in a straight-forward manner; after
7337: handling them, the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> has on it the
7338: elements <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element">html</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-body-element">body</a></code>, <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-table-element">table</a></code>,
7339: and <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tbody-element">tbody</a></code>; the <a href="#list-of-active-formatting-elements">list of active formatting
7340: elements</a> still has the <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-b-element">b</a></code> element in it (the
7341: marker having been removed by the "td" end tag token); and the
7342: <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> is "<a href="#parsing-main-intbody" title="insertion mode: in
7343: table body">in table body</a>".</p>
7344:
7345: <p>Thus it is that the "bbb" character tokens are found. These
7346: trigger the "<a href="#parsing-main-intabletext" title="insertion mode: in table text">in table
7347: text</a>" insertion mode to be used (with the <a href="#original-insertion-mode">original
7348: insertion mode</a> set to "<a href="#parsing-main-intbody" title="insertion mode: in table
7349: body">in table body</a>"). The character tokens are collected,
7350: and when the next token (the <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-table-element">table</a></code> element end tag) is
7351: seen, they are processed as a group. Since they are not all spaces,
7352: they are handled as per the "anything else" rules in the "<a href="#parsing-main-intable" title="insertion mode: in table">in table</a>" insertion mode,
7353: which defer to the "<a href="#parsing-main-inbody" title="insertion mode: in body">in
7354: body</a>" insertion mode but with <a href="#foster-parent" title="foster
7355: parent">foster parenting</a>.</p>
7356:
7357: <p>When <a href="#reconstruct-the-active-formatting-elements" title="reconstruct the active formatting elements">the
7358: active formatting elements are reconstructed</a>, a
7359: <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-b-element">b</a></code> element is created and <a href="#foster-parent" title="foster
7360: parent">foster parented</a>, and then the "bbb" text node is
7361: appended to it:</p>
7362:
7363: <ul class="domTree"><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element">html</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-head-element">head</a></code></li><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-body-element">body</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-b-element">b</a></code></li><li class="t1"><code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-b-element">b</a></code><ul><li class="t3"><code>#text</code>: <span title="">bbb</span></li></ul></li><li class="t1"><code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-table-element">table</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tbody-element">tbody</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tr-element">tr</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-td-element">td</a></code><ul><li class="t3"><code>#text</code>: <span title="">aaa</span></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul><p>The <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> has on it the elements
7364: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element">html</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-body-element">body</a></code>, <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-table-element">table</a></code>,
7365: <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tbody-element">tbody</a></code>, and the new <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-b-element">b</a></code> (again, note that
7366: this doesn't match the resulting tree!); the <a href="#list-of-active-formatting-elements">list of active
7367: formatting elements</a> has the new <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-b-element">b</a></code> element in it;
7368: and the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> is still "<a href="#parsing-main-intbody" title="insertion
7369: mode: in table body">in table body</a>".</p>
7370:
7371: <p>Had the character tokens been only <a href="infrastructure.html#space-character" title="space
7372: character">space characters</a> instead of "bbb", then those
7373: <a href="infrastructure.html#space-character" title="space character">space characters</a> would just be
7374: appended to the <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tbody-element">tbody</a></code> element.</p>
7375:
7376: <p>Finally, the <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-table-element">table</a></code> is closed by a "table" end
7377: tag. This pops all the nodes from the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open
7378: elements</a> up to and including the <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-table-element">table</a></code> element,
7379: but it doesn't affect the <a href="#list-of-active-formatting-elements">list of active formatting
7380: elements</a>, so the "ccc" character tokens after the table
7381: result in yet another <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-b-element">b</a></code> element being created, this
7382: time after the table:</p>
7383:
7384: <ul class="domTree"><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element">html</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-head-element">head</a></code></li><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-body-element">body</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-b-element">b</a></code></li><li class="t1"><code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-b-element">b</a></code><ul><li class="t3"><code>#text</code>: <span title="">bbb</span></li></ul></li><li class="t1"><code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-table-element">table</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tbody-element">tbody</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tr-element">tr</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-td-element">td</a></code><ul><li class="t3"><code>#text</code>: <span title="">aaa</span></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li><li class="t1"><code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-b-element">b</a></code><ul><li class="t3"><code>#text</code>: <span title="">ccc</span></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul><h5 id="scripts-that-modify-the-page-as-it-is-being-parsed"><span class="secno">9.2.8.4 </span>Scripts that modify the page as it is being parsed</h5>
7385:
7386: <p><i>This section is non-normative.</i></p>
7387:
7388: <p>Consider the following markup, which for this example we will
7389: assume is the document with <a href="infrastructure.html#url">URL</a> <code title="">http://example.com/inner</code>, being rendered as the
7390: content of an <code><a href="embedded-content-0.html#the-iframe-element">iframe</a></code> in another document with the
7391: <a href="infrastructure.html#url">URL</a> <code title="">http://example.com/outer</code>:</p>
7392:
7393: <pre><div id=a>
7394: <script>
7395: var div = document.getElementById('a');
7396: parent.document.body.appendChild(div);
7397: </script>
7398: <script>
7399: alert(document.URL);
7400: </script>
7401: </div>
7402: <script>
7403: alert(document.URL);
7404: </script></pre>
7405:
7406: <p>Up to the first "script" end tag, before the script is parsed,
7407: the result is relatively straightforward:</p>
7408:
7409: <ul class="domTree"><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element">html</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-head-element">head</a></code></li><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-body-element">body</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="interactive-elements.html#the-div-element">div</a></code> <span class="t2" title=""><code class="attribute name">id</code>="<code class="attribute value"><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-a-element">a</a></code>"</span><ul><li class="t3"><code>#text</code>: <span title="">
7410: </span></li><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#script">script</a></code><ul><li class="t3"><code>#text</code>: <span title="">var div = document.getElementById('a'); ⏎ parent.document.body.appendChild(div);</span></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul><p>After the script is parsed, though, the <code><a href="interactive-elements.html#the-div-element">div</a></code> element
7411: and its child <code><a href="semantics.html#script">script</a></code> element are gone:</p>
7412:
7413: <ul class="domTree"><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element">html</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-head-element">head</a></code></li><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-body-element">body</a></code></li></ul></li></ul><p>They are, at this point, in the <code>Document</code> of the
7414: aforementioned outer <a href="browsers.html#browsing-context">browsing context</a>. However, the
7415: <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> <em>still contains the
7416: <code><a href="interactive-elements.html#the-div-element">div</a></code> element</em>.</p>
7417:
7418: <p>Thus, when the second <code><a href="semantics.html#script">script</a></code> element is parsed, it
7419: is inserted <em>into the outer <code>Document</code>
7420: object</em>.</p>
7421:
7422: <p>This also means that the <a href="browsers.html#script-s-global-object">script's global object</a> is
7423: the outer <a href="browsers.html#browsing-context">browsing context</a>'s <code><a href="browsers.html#window">Window</a></code>
7424: object, <em>not</em> the <code><a href="browsers.html#window">Window</a></code> object inside the
7425: <code><a href="embedded-content-0.html#the-iframe-element">iframe</a></code>.</p>
7426:
7427: <p class="note">This isn't a security problem since the script that
7428: moves the <code><a href="interactive-elements.html#the-div-element">div</a></code> into the outer <code>Document</code> can
7429: only do so because they have the two <code>Document</code> object
7430: have the same <a href="browsers.html#origin-0">origin</a>.</p>
7431:
7432: <p>Thus, the first alert says "http://example.com/outer".</p>
7433:
7434: <p>Once the <code><a href="interactive-elements.html#the-div-element">div</a></code> element's end tag is parsed, the
7435: <code><a href="interactive-elements.html#the-div-element">div</a></code> element is popped off the stack, and so the next
7436: <code><a href="semantics.html#script">script</a></code> element is in the inner <code>Document</code>:</p>
7437:
7438: <ul class="domTree"><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element">html</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-head-element">head</a></code></li><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-body-element">body</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#script">script</a></code><ul><li class="t3"><code>#text</code>: <span title="">alert(document.URL);</span></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul><p>This second alert will say "http://example.com/inner".</p>
7439:
7440:
7441:
7442: <h3 id="namespaces"><span class="secno">9.3 </span>Namespaces</h3>
7443:
7444: <p>The <dfn id="html-namespace-0">HTML namespace</dfn> is: <code>http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml</code></p>
7445:
7446: <p>The <dfn id="mathml-namespace">MathML namespace</dfn> is: <code>http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML</code></p>
7447:
7448: <p>The <dfn id="svg-namespace">SVG namespace</dfn> is: <code>http://www.w3.org/2000/svg</code></p>
7449:
7450: <p>The <dfn id="xlink-namespace">XLink namespace</dfn> is: <code>http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink</code></p>
7451:
7452: <p>The <dfn id="xml-namespace">XML namespace</dfn> is: <code>http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace</code></p>
7453:
7454: <p>The <dfn id="xmlns-namespace">XMLNS namespace</dfn> is: <code>http://www.w3.org/2000/xmlns/</code></p>
7455:
7456: <hr><p>Data mining tools and other user agents that perform operations
1.83 mike 7457: on <code><a href="iana-considerations.html#text-html">text/html</a></code> content without running scripts,
1.1 mike 7458: evaluating CSS or XPath expressions, or otherwise exposing the
7459: resulting DOM to arbitrary content, may "support namespaces" by just
7460: asserting that their DOM node analogues are in certain namespaces,
7461: without actually exposing the above strings.</p>
7462:
7463:
7464:
7465:
7466: <h3 id="serializing-html-fragments"><span class="secno">9.4 </span>Serializing HTML fragments</h3>
7467:
7468: <p>The following steps form the <dfn id="html-fragment-serialization-algorithm">HTML fragment serialization
7469: algorithm</dfn>. The algorithm takes as input a DOM
7470: <code>Element</code> or <code>Document</code>, referred to as <var title="">the node</var>, and either returns a string or raises an
7471: exception.</p>
7472:
7473: <p class="note">This algorithm serializes the <em>children</em> of
7474: the node being serialized, not the node itself.</p>
7475:
7476: <ol><li><p>Let <var title="">s</var> be a string, and initialize it to
7477: the empty string.</p></li>
7478:
7479: <li>
7480:
7481: <p>For each child node of <var title="">the node</var>, in
7482: <a href="infrastructure.html#tree-order">tree order</a>, run the following steps:
7483:
7484: </p><ol><li><p>Let <var title="">current node</var> be the child node
7485: being processed.</p></li>
7486:
7487: <li>
7488:
7489: <p>Append the appropriate string from the following list to
7490: <var title="">s</var>:</p>
7491:
7492: <dl class="switch"><dt>If <var title="">current node</var> is an <code title="">Element</code></dt>
7493:
7494: <dd>
7495:
7496: <p>Append a U+003C LESS-THAN SIGN (<code title=""><</code>)
7497: character, followed by the element's tag name. (For nodes
7498: created by the <a href="#html-parser">HTML parser</a> or <code title="">Document.createElement()</code>, the tag name will be
7499: lowercase.)</p>
7500:
7501: <p>For each attribute that the element has, append a U+0020
7502: SPACE character, the attribute's name (which, for attributes
7503: set by the <a href="#html-parser">HTML parser</a> or by <code title="">Element.setAttributeNode()</code> or <code title="">Element.setAttribute()</code>, will be lowercase), a
7504: U+003D EQUALS SIGN (<code title="">=</code>) character, a
7505: U+0022 QUOTATION MARK (<code title="">"</code>)
7506: character, the attribute's value, <a href="#escapingString" title="escaping a
7507: string">escaped as described below</a> in <i>attribute
7508: mode</i>, and a second U+0022 QUOTATION MARK (<code title="">"</code>) character.</p>
7509:
7510: <p>While the exact order of attributes is UA-defined, and may
7511: depend on factors such as the order that the attributes were
7512: given in the original markup, the sort order must be stable,
7513: such that consecutive invocations of this algorithm serialize an
7514: element's attributes in the same order.</p>
7515:
7516: <p>Append a U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN (<code title="">></code>)
7517: character.</p>
7518:
7519: <p>If <var title="">current node</var> is an
1.5 mike 7520: <code><a href="the-canvas-element.html#the-area-element">area</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-base-element">base</a></code>, <code><a href="obsolete.html#basefont">basefont</a></code>,
1.1 mike 7521: <code>bgsound</code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-br-element">br</a></code>, <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-col-element">col</a></code>,
1.5 mike 7522: <code><a href="embedded-content-0.html#the-embed-element">embed</a></code>, <code><a href="obsolete.html#frame">frame</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-hr-element">hr</a></code>,
1.1 mike 7523: <code><a href="embedded-content-0.html#the-img-element">img</a></code>, <code><a href="forms.html#the-input-element">input</a></code>, <code><a href="forms.html#the-keygen-element">keygen</a></code>,
7524: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-link-element">link</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#meta">meta</a></code>, <code><a href="embedded-content-0.html#the-param-element">param</a></code>,
1.5 mike 7525: <code><a href="obsolete.html#spacer">spacer</a></code>, or <code>wbr</code> element, then
1.1 mike 7526: continue on to the next child node at this point.</p> <!--
7527: also, i guess: image and isindex, but we don't list those
7528: because we don't consider those "elements", more "macros", and
7529: thus we should never serialize them -->
7530:
7531: <p>If <var title="">current node</var> is a <code><a href="semantics.html#the-pre-element">pre</a></code>,
1.42 mike 7532: <code><a href="forms.html#the-textarea-element">textarea</a></code>, or <code><a href="obsolete.html#listing">listing</a></code> element, append
1.1 mike 7533: a U+000A LINE FEED (LF) character.</p>
7534:
7535: <p>Append the value of running the <a href="#html-fragment-serialization-algorithm">HTML fragment
7536: serialization algorithm</a> on the <var title="">current
7537: node</var> element (thus recursing into this algorithm for
7538: that element), followed by a U+003C LESS-THAN SIGN (<code title=""><</code>) character, a U+002F SOLIDUS (<code title="">/</code>) character, the element's tag name again,
7539: and finally a U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN (<code title="">></code>) character.</p>
7540:
7541: </dd>
7542:
7543:
7544: <dt>If <var title="">current node</var> is a <code title="">Text</code> or <code title="">CDATASection</code>
7545: node</dt>
7546:
7547: <dd>
7548:
1.19 mike 7549: <p>If the parent of <var title="">current node</var> is a
1.42 mike 7550: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-style-element">style</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#script">script</a></code>, <code><a href="obsolete.html#xmp">xmp</a></code>,
1.19 mike 7551: <code><a href="embedded-content-0.html#the-iframe-element">iframe</a></code>, <code><a href="obsolete.html#noembed">noembed</a></code>,
1.5 mike 7552: <code><a href="obsolete.html#noframes">noframes</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-noscript-element">noscript</a></code>, or
1.42 mike 7553: <code><a href="obsolete.html#plaintext">plaintext</a></code> element, then append the value of <var title="">current node</var>'s <code title="">data</code> DOM
1.1 mike 7554: attribute literally.</p> <!-- note about noscript: we're
7555: assuming here that scripting is enabled. If this algorithm is
1.19 mike 7556: used with scripting disabled, this won't work
7557: right. (e.g. This might affect calling innerHTML on nodes in a
7558: document that is being designMode'd) -->
1.1 mike 7559:
7560: <p>Otherwise, append the value of <var title="">current
7561: node</var>'s <code title="">data</code> DOM attribute, <a href="#escapingString" title="escaping a string">escaped as described
7562: below</a>.</p>
7563:
7564: </dd>
7565:
7566:
7567: <dt>If <var title="">current node</var> is a <code title="">Comment</code></dt>
7568:
7569: <dd>
7570:
7571: <p>Append the literal string <code><!--</code> (U+003C
7572: LESS-THAN SIGN, U+0021 EXCLAMATION MARK, U+002D HYPHEN-MINUS,
7573: U+002D HYPHEN-MINUS), followed by the value of <var title="">current node</var>'s <code title="">data</code> DOM
7574: attribute, followed by the literal string <code>--></code>
7575: (U+002D HYPHEN-MINUS, U+002D HYPHEN-MINUS, U+003E GREATER-THAN
7576: SIGN).</p>
7577:
7578: </dd>
7579:
7580:
7581: <dt>If <var title="">current node</var> is a <code title="">ProcessingInstruction</code></dt>
7582:
7583: <dd>
7584:
7585: <p>Append the literal string <code><?</code> (U+003C
7586: LESS-THAN SIGN, U+003F QUESTION MARK), followed by the value
7587: of <var title="">current node</var>'s <code title="">target</code> DOM attribute, followed by a single
7588: U+0020 SPACE character, followed by the value of <var title="">current node</var>'s <code title="">data</code> DOM
7589: attribute, followed by a single U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN
7590: character ('>').</p>
7591:
7592: </dd>
7593:
7594:
7595: <dt>If <var title="">current node</var> is a <code title="">DocumentType</code></dt>
7596:
7597: <dd>
7598:
7599: <p>Append the literal string <code><!DOCTYPE</code> (U+003C
7600: LESS-THAN SIGN, U+0021 EXCLAMATION MARK, U+0044 LATIN CAPITAL
7601: LETTER D, U+004F LATIN CAPITAL LETTER O, U+0043 LATIN CAPITAL
7602: LETTER C, U+0054 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER T, U+0059 LATIN CAPITAL
7603: LETTER Y, U+0050 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER P, U+0045 LATIN CAPITAL
7604: LETTER E), followed by a space (U+0020 SPACE), followed by the
7605: value of <var title="">current node</var>'s <code title="">name</code> DOM attribute, followed by the literal
7606: string <code>></code> (U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN).</p>
7607:
7608: </dd>
7609:
7610:
7611: </dl><p>Other node types (e.g. <code title="">Attr</code>) cannot
7612: occur as children of elements. If, despite this, they somehow do
7613: occur, this algorithm must raise an
7614: <code><a href="infrastructure.html#invalid_state_err">INVALID_STATE_ERR</a></code> exception.</p>
7615:
7616: </li>
7617:
7618: </ol></li>
7619:
7620: <li><p>The result of the algorithm is the string <var title="">s</var>.</p></li>
7621:
7622: </ol><p><dfn id="escapingString">Escaping a string</dfn> (for the
7623: purposes of the algorithm above) consists of replacing any
7624: occurrences of the "<code title="">&</code>" character by the
7625: string "<code title="">&amp;</code>", any occurrences of the
7626: U+00A0 NO-BREAK SPACE character by the string "<code title="">&nbsp;</code>", and, if the algorithm was invoked in
7627: the <i>attribute mode</i>, any occurrences of the "<code title="">"</code>" character by the string "<code title="">&quot;</code>", or if it was not, any occurrences of
7628: the "<code title=""><</code>" character by the string "<code title="">&lt;</code>", any occurrences of the "<code title="">></code>" character by the string "<code title="">&gt;</code>".</p>
7629:
7630: <p class="note">Entity reference nodes are <a href="infrastructure.html#entity-references">assumed to be expanded</a> by the user
7631: agent, and are therefore not covered in the algorithm above.</p>
7632:
7633: <p class="note">It is possible that the output of this algorithm, if
7634: parsed with an <a href="#html-parser">HTML parser</a>, will not return the
7635: original tree structure. For instance, if a <code><a href="forms.html#the-textarea-element">textarea</a></code>
7636: element to which a <code title="">Comment</code> node has been
7637: appended is serialized and the output is then reparsed, the comment
7638: will end up being displayed in the text field. Similarly, if, as a
7639: result of DOM manipulation, an element contains a comment that
7640: contains the literal string "<code title="">--></code>", then
7641: when the result of serializing the element is parsed, the comment
7642: will be truncated at that point and the rest of the comment will be
7643: interpreted as markup. More examples would be making a
7644: <code><a href="semantics.html#script">script</a></code> element contain a text node with the text string
7645: "<code></script></code>", or having a <code><a href="semantics.html#the-p-element">p</a></code> element that
7646: contains a <code><a href="semantics.html#the-ul-element">ul</a></code> element (as the <code><a href="semantics.html#the-ul-element">ul</a></code> element's
7647: <a href="#syntax-start-tag" title="syntax-start-tag">start tag</a> would imply the end
7648: tag for the <code><a href="semantics.html#the-p-element">p</a></code>).</p>
7649:
7650:
7651: <h3 id="parsing-html-fragments"><span class="secno">9.5 </span>Parsing HTML fragments</h3>
7652:
7653: <p>The following steps form the <dfn id="html-fragment-parsing-algorithm">HTML fragment parsing
7654: algorithm</dfn>. The algorithm optionally takes as input an
7655: <code>Element</code> node, referred to as the <var title="">context</var> element, which gives the context for the
7656: parser, as well as <var title="">input</var>, a string to parse, and
7657: returns a list of zero or more nodes.</p>
7658:
7659: <p class="note">Parts marked <dfn id="fragment-case">fragment case</dfn> in algorithms
7660: in the parser section are parts that only occur if the parser was
7661: created for the purposes of this algorithm (and with a <var title="">context</var> element). The algorithms have been annotated
7662: with such markings for informational purposes only; such markings
7663: have no normative weight. If it is possible for a condition
7664: described as a <a href="#fragment-case">fragment case</a> to occur even when the
7665: parser wasn't created for the purposes of handling this algorithm,
7666: then that is an error in the specification.</p>
7667:
7668: <ol><li>
7669:
7670: <p>Create a new <code>Document</code> node, and mark it as being
7671: an <a href="dom.html#html-documents" title="HTML documents">HTML document</a>.</p>
7672:
7673: </li>
7674:
7675: <li>
7676:
7677: <p>If there is a <var title="">context</var> element, and the
7678: <code>Document</code> of the <var title="">context</var> element
7679: is in <a href="dom.html#quirks-mode">quirks mode</a>, then let the <code>Document</code>
7680: be in <a href="dom.html#quirks-mode">quirks mode</a>. Otherwise, if there is a <var title="">context</var> element, and the <code>Document</code> of
7681: the <var title="">context</var> element is in <a href="dom.html#limited-quirks-mode">limited quirks
7682: mode</a>, then let the <code>Document</code> be in
7683: <a href="dom.html#limited-quirks-mode">limited quirks mode</a>. Otherwise, leave the
7684: <code>Document</code> in <a href="dom.html#no-quirks-mode">no quirks mode</a>.</p>
7685:
7686: </li>
7687:
7688: <li>
7689:
7690: <p>Create a new <a href="#html-parser">HTML parser</a>, and associate it with
7691: the just created <code>Document</code> node.</p>
7692:
7693: </li>
7694:
7695: <li>
7696:
7697: <p>If there is a <var title="">context</var> element, run these
7698: substeps:</p>
7699:
7700: <ol><li>
7701:
7702: <p>Set the <a href="#html-parser">HTML parser</a>'s <a href="#tokenization">tokenization</a>
7703: stage's <a href="#content-model-flag">content model flag</a> according to the <var title="">context</var> element, as follows:</p>
7704:
7705: <dl class="switch"><dt>If it is a <code><a href="semantics.html#the-title-element">title</a></code> or <code><a href="forms.html#the-textarea-element">textarea</a></code>
7706: element</dt>
7707:
7708: <dd>Set the <a href="#content-model-flag">content model flag</a> to
7709: the RCDATA state.</dd>
7710:
7711:
7712: <dt>If it is a <code><a href="semantics.html#the-style-element">style</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#script">script</a></code>,
1.42 mike 7713: <code><a href="obsolete.html#xmp">xmp</a></code>, <code><a href="embedded-content-0.html#the-iframe-element">iframe</a></code>, <code><a href="obsolete.html#noembed">noembed</a></code>, or
1.5 mike 7714: <code><a href="obsolete.html#noframes">noframes</a></code> element</dt>
1.1 mike 7715:
7716: <dd>Set the <a href="#content-model-flag">content model flag</a> to
1.91 mike 7717: the RAWTEXT state.</dd>
1.1 mike 7718:
7719:
7720: <dt>If it is a <code><a href="semantics.html#the-noscript-element">noscript</a></code> element</dt>
7721:
7722: <dd>If the <a href="#scripting-flag">scripting flag</a> is enabled, set the
1.91 mike 7723: <a href="#content-model-flag">content model flag</a> to the RAWTEXT
1.1 mike 7724: state. Otherwise, set the <a href="#content-model-flag">content model flag</a> to the
7725: PCDATA state.</dd>
7726:
7727:
1.42 mike 7728: <dt>If it is a <code><a href="obsolete.html#plaintext">plaintext</a></code> element</dt>
1.1 mike 7729:
7730: <dd>Set the <a href="#content-model-flag">content model flag</a> to
7731: PLAINTEXT.</dd>
7732:
7733:
7734: <dt>Otherwise</dt>
7735:
7736: <dd>Leave the <a href="#content-model-flag">content model flag</a> in the PCDATA
7737: state.</dd>
7738:
7739: </dl></li>
7740:
7741: <li>
7742:
7743: <p>Let <var title="">root</var> be a new <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element">html</a></code> element
7744: with no attributes.</p>
7745:
7746: </li>
7747:
7748: <li>
7749:
7750: <p>Append the element <var title="">root</var> to the
7751: <code>Document</code> node created above.</p>
7752:
7753: </li>
7754:
7755: <li>
7756:
7757: <p>Set up the parser's <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> so that
7758: it contains just the single element <var title="">root</var>.</p>
7759:
7760: </li>
7761:
7762: <li>
7763:
7764: <p><a href="#reset-the-insertion-mode-appropriately" title="reset the insertion mode appropriately">Reset the
7765: parser's insertion mode appropriately</a>.</p>
7766:
7767: <p class="note">The parser will reference the <var title="">context</var> element as part of that algorithm.</p>
7768:
7769: </li>
7770:
7771: <li>
7772:
7773: <p>Set the parser's <a href="#form-element-pointer"><code>form</code> element pointer</a>
7774: to the nearest node to the <var title="">context</var> element
7775: that is a <code><a href="forms.html#the-form-element">form</a></code> element (going straight up the
7776: ancestor chain, and including the element itself, if it is a
7777: <code><a href="forms.html#the-form-element">form</a></code> element), or, if there is no such
7778: <code><a href="forms.html#the-form-element">form</a></code> element, to null.</p>
7779:
7780: </li>
7781:
7782: </ol></li>
7783:
7784: <li>
7785:
7786: <p>Place into the <a href="#the-input-stream">input stream</a> for the <a href="#html-parser">HTML
7787: parser</a> just created the <var title="">input</var>. The
7788: encoding <a href="#concept-encoding-confidence" title="concept-encoding-confidence">confidence</a> is
7789: <i>irrelevant</i>.</p>
7790:
7791: </li>
7792:
7793: <li>
7794:
7795: <p>Start the parser and let it run until it has consumed all the
7796: characters just inserted into the input stream.</p>
7797:
7798: </li>
7799:
7800: <li>
7801:
7802: <p>If there is a <var title="">context</var> element, return the
7803: child nodes of <var title="">root</var>, in <a href="infrastructure.html#tree-order">tree
7804: order</a>.</p>
7805:
7806: <p>Otherwise, return the children of the <code>Document</code>
7807: object, in <a href="infrastructure.html#tree-order">tree order</a>.</p>
7808:
7809: </li>
7810:
1.97 mike 7811: </ol></div>
7812:
7813:
7814:
7815: </body></html>
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