Annotation of html5/spec/syntax.html, revision 1.501
1.2 mike 1: <!DOCTYPE HTML>
1.258 mike 2: <!-- when publishing, change bits marked ZZZ --><html lang="en-US-x-Hixie"><head><title>9 The HTML syntax — HTML 5</title><style type="text/css">
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1.235 mike 214: </style><link href="data:text/css," rel="stylesheet" title="Complete specification"><link href="data:text/css,.impl%20%7B%20display:%20none;%20%7D" rel="alternate stylesheet" title="Author documentation only"><link href="data:text/css,.impl%20%7B%20background:%20%23FFEEEE;%20%7D" rel="alternate stylesheet" title="Highlight implementation requirements"><link href="http://www.w3.org/StyleSheets/TR/W3C-ED" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css"><!-- ZZZ ED vs WD -->
1.2 mike 215: <script src="link-fixup.js"></script>
216: <link href="comms.html" title="8 Communication" rel="prev">
217: <link href="spec.html#contents" title="Table of contents" rel="index">
1.1 mike 218: <link href="named-character-references.html" title="9.6 Named character references" rel="next">
1.16 mike 219: </head><body onload="fixBrokenLink(); fixBrokenLink()"><div class="head">
1.1 mike 220: <p><a href="http://www.w3.org/"><img alt="W3C" height="48" src="http://www.w3.org/Icons/w3c_home" width="72"></a></p>
1.183 mike 221: <h1>HTML5</h1>
1.1 mike 222: <h2 class="no-num no-toc" id="a-vocabulary-and-associated-apis-for-html-and-xhtml">A vocabulary and associated APIs for HTML and XHTML</h2>
1.123 mike 223: </div><nav>
1.1 mike 224: <a href="comms.html">← 8 Communication</a> –
1.2 mike 225: <a href="spec.html#contents">Table of contents</a> –
1.1 mike 226: <a href="named-character-references.html">9.6 Named character references →</a>
1.501 ! mike 227: </nav><p>This is revision 1.3281.</p>
1.11 mike 228:
1.1 mike 229:
1.123 mike 230: <h2 id="syntax"><span class="secno">9 </span><dfn>The HTML syntax</dfn></h2><p class="note">This section only describes the rules for
1.83 mike 231: <code><a href="iana-considerations.html#text-html">text/html</a></code> resources. Rules for XML resources are
1.1 mike 232: discussed in the section below entitled "<a href="the-xhtml-syntax.html#the-xhtml-syntax">The XHTML
1.159 mike 233: syntax</a>".</p><h3 id="writing"><span class="secno">9.1 </span>Writing HTML documents</h3><p class="XXX annotation"><b>Status: </b><i>Working draft</i></p><div class="impl">
1.1 mike 234:
235: <p><i>This section only applies to documents, authoring tools, and
236: markup generators. In particular, it does not apply to conformance
237: checkers; conformance checkers must use the requirements given in
238: the next section ("parsing HTML documents").</i></p>
239:
1.123 mike 240: </div><p>Documents must consist of the following parts, in the given
241: order:</p><ol><li>Optionally, a single U+FEFF BYTE ORDER MARK (BOM) character.</li>
1.1 mike 242:
243: <li>Any number of <a href="#syntax-comments" title="syntax-comments">comments</a> and
244: <a href="infrastructure.html#space-character" title="space character">space characters</a>.</li>
245:
246: <li>A <a href="#syntax-doctype" title="syntax-doctype">DOCTYPE</a>.
247:
248: </li><li>Any number of <a href="#syntax-comments" title="syntax-comments">comments</a> and
249: <a href="infrastructure.html#space-character" title="space character">space characters</a>.</li>
250:
1.159 mike 251: <li>The root element, in the form of an <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element-0">html</a></code> <a href="#syntax-elements" title="syntax-elements">element</a>.</li>
1.1 mike 252:
253: <li>Any number of <a href="#syntax-comments" title="syntax-comments">comments</a> and
254: <a href="infrastructure.html#space-character" title="space character">space characters</a>.</li>
255:
256: </ol><p>The various types of content mentioned above are described in the
1.123 mike 257: next few sections.</p><p>In addition, there are some restrictions on how <a href="semantics.html#character-encoding-declaration" title="character encoding declaration">character encoding
1.1 mike 258: declarations</a> are to be serialized, as discussed in the
1.123 mike 259: section on that topic.</p><div class="note">
1.1 mike 260:
1.159 mike 261: <p>Space characters before the root <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element-0">html</a></code> element, and
262: space characters at the start of the <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element-0">html</a></code> element and
263: before the <code><a href="semantics.html#the-head-element-0">head</a></code> element, will be dropped when the
1.1 mike 264: document is parsed; space characters <em>after</em> the root
1.159 mike 265: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element-0">html</a></code> element will be parsed as if they were at the end
266: of the <code><a href="semantics.html#the-body-element-0">body</a></code> element. Thus, space characters around the
1.1 mike 267: root element do not round-trip.</p>
268:
269: <p>It is suggested that newlines be inserted after the DOCTYPE,
270: after any comments that are before the root element, after the
1.159 mike 271: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element-0">html</a></code> element's start tag (if it is not <a href="#syntax-tag-omission" title="syntax-tag-omission">omitted</a>), and after any comments
272: that are inside the <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element-0">html</a></code> element but before the
273: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-head-element-0">head</a></code> element.</p>
1.1 mike 274:
1.123 mike 275: </div><p>Many strings in the HTML syntax (e.g. the names of elements and
1.1 mike 276: their attributes) are case-insensitive, but only for characters in
277: the ranges U+0041 .. U+005A (LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A to LATIN CAPITAL
278: LETTER Z) and U+0061 .. U+007A (LATIN SMALL LETTER A to LATIN SMALL
279: LETTER Z). For convenience, in this section this is just referred to
1.168 mike 280: as "case-insensitive".</p><h4 id="the-doctype"><span class="secno">9.1.1 </span>The DOCTYPE</h4><p class="XXX annotation"><span><a href="http://www.w3.org/html/wg/tracker/issues/4">ISSUE-4</a> (html-versioning) blocks progress to Last Call</span></p><p>A <dfn id="syntax-doctype" title="syntax-doctype">DOCTYPE</dfn> is a mostly useless,
1.123 mike 281: but required, header.</p><p class="note">DOCTYPEs are required for legacy reasons. When
1.1 mike 282: omitted, browsers tend to use a different rendering mode that is
283: incompatible with some specifications. Including the DOCTYPE in a
284: document ensures that the browser makes a best-effort attempt at
1.123 mike 285: following the relevant specifications.</p><p>A DOCTYPE must consist of the following characters, in this
286: order:</p><ol class="brief"><li>A U+003C LESS-THAN SIGN (<code><</code>) character.</li>
1.1 mike 287: <li>A U+0021 EXCLAMATION MARK (<code>!</code>) character.</li>
288: <li>A string that is an <a href="infrastructure.html#ascii-case-insensitive">ASCII case-insensitive</a> match for the string "<code title="">DOCTYPE</code>".</li>
289: <li>One or more <a href="infrastructure.html#space-character" title="space character">space characters</a>.</li>
290: <li>A string that is an <a href="infrastructure.html#ascii-case-insensitive">ASCII case-insensitive</a> match for the string "<code title="">HTML</code>".</li>
291: <li>Optionally, a <a href="#doctype-legacy-string">DOCTYPE legacy string</a> (defined below).</li>
292: <li>Zero or more <a href="infrastructure.html#space-character" title="space character">space characters</a>.</li>
293: <li>A U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN (<code>></code>) character.</li>
294: </ol><p class="note">In other words, <code><!DOCTYPE HTML></code>,
1.123 mike 295: case-insensitively.</p><p>For the purposes of HTML generators that cannot output HTML
1.1 mike 296: markup with the short DOCTYPE "<code title=""><!DOCTYPE
297: HTML></code>", a <dfn id="doctype-legacy-string">DOCTYPE legacy string</dfn> may be inserted
298: into the DOCTYPE (in the position defined above). This string must
1.123 mike 299: consist of:</p><ol class="brief"><li>One or more <a href="infrastructure.html#space-character" title="space character">space characters</a>.</li>
1.1 mike 300: <li>A string that is an <a href="infrastructure.html#ascii-case-insensitive">ASCII case-insensitive</a> match for the string "<code title="">SYSTEM</code>".</li>
1.444 mike 301: <li>One or more <a href="infrastructure.html#space-character" title="space character">space characters</a>.</li>
1.1 mike 302: <li>A U+0022 QUOTATION MARK or U+0027 APOSTROPHE character (the <i>quote mark</i>).</li>
1.465 mike 303: <li>The literal string "<code><a href="infrastructure.html#about:legacy-compat">about:legacy-compat</a></code>".</li>
1.1 mike 304: <li>A matching U+0022 QUOTATION MARK or U+0027 APOSTROPHE character (i.e. the same character as in the earlier step marked <i>quote mark</i>).</li>
305: </ol><p class="note">In other words, <code><!DOCTYPE HTML SYSTEM
306: "about:legacy-compat"></code> or <code><!DOCTYPE HTML SYSTEM
307: 'about:legacy-compat'></code>, case-insensitively except for the bit
1.123 mike 308: in quotes.</p><p>The <a href="#doctype-legacy-string">DOCTYPE legacy string</a> should not be used unless
1.1 mike 309: the document is generated from a system that cannot output the
1.373 mike 310: shorter string.</p><h4 id="elements-0"><span class="secno">9.1.2 </span>Elements</h4><p>There are five different kinds of <dfn id="syntax-elements" title="syntax-elements">elements</dfn>: <a href="#void-elements">void elements</a>,
311: <a href="#raw-text-elements">raw text elements</a>, <a href="#rcdata-elements">RCDATA elements</a>,
312: <a href="#foreign-elements">foreign elements</a>, and <a href="#normal-elements">normal elements</a>.</p><dl><dt><dfn id="void-elements">Void elements</dfn></dt>
1.1 mike 313:
314: <dd><code><a href="the-canvas-element.html#the-area-element">area</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-base-element">base</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-br-element">br</a></code>,
1.159 mike 315: <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-col-element">col</a></code>, <code><a href="interactive-elements.html#the-command">command</a></code>, <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-embed-element">embed</a></code>,
316: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-hr-element">hr</a></code>, <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-img-element">img</a></code>, <code><a href="forms.html#the-input-element">input</a></code>,
1.1 mike 317: <code><a href="forms.html#the-keygen-element">keygen</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-link-element">link</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#meta">meta</a></code>,
1.159 mike 318: <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-param-element">param</a></code>, <code><a href="video.html#the-source-element">source</a></code></dd>
1.1 mike 319:
1.373 mike 320: <dt><dfn id="raw-text-elements">Raw text elements</dfn></dt>
1.1 mike 321:
322: <dd><code><a href="semantics.html#script">script</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-style-element">style</a></code></dd> <!-- iframe and
1.91 mike 323: noscript don't count as raw text for syntax purposes -->
1.1 mike 324:
1.373 mike 325: <dt><dfn id="rcdata-elements">RCDATA elements</dfn></dt>
1.1 mike 326:
1.159 mike 327: <dd><code><a href="forms.html#the-textarea-element">textarea</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-title-element-0">title</a></code></dd>
1.1 mike 328:
1.373 mike 329: <dt><dfn id="foreign-elements">Foreign elements</dfn></dt>
1.1 mike 330:
331: <dd>Elements from the <a href="#mathml-namespace">MathML namespace</a>
332: and the <a href="#svg-namespace">SVG namespace</a>.</dd>
333:
1.373 mike 334: <dt><dfn id="normal-elements">Normal elements</dfn></dt>
1.1 mike 335:
336: <dd>All other allowed <a href="infrastructure.html#html-elements">HTML elements</a> are normal
337: elements.</dd>
338:
339: </dl><p><dfn id="syntax-tags" title="syntax-tags">Tags</dfn> are used to delimit the start
1.373 mike 340: and end of elements in the markup. <a href="#raw-text-elements" title="raw text
341: elements">Raw text</a>, <a href="#rcdata-elements" title="RCDATA
342: elements">RCDATA</a>, and <a href="#normal-elements" title="normal
343: elements">normal</a> elements have a <a href="#syntax-start-tag" title="syntax-start-tag">start tag</a> to indicate where they
344: begin, and an <a href="#syntax-end-tag" title="syntax-end-tag">end tag</a> to
345: indicate where they end. The start and end tags of certain
346: <a href="#normal-elements">normal elements</a> can be <a href="#syntax-tag-omission" title="syntax-tag-omission">omitted</a>, as described
1.1 mike 347: later. Those that cannot be omitted must not be omitted. <a href="#void-elements">Void
348: elements</a> only have a start tag; end tags must not be
1.373 mike 349: specified for <a href="#void-elements">void elements</a>. <a href="#foreign-elements">Foreign
350: elements</a> must either have a start tag and an end tag, or a
351: start tag that is marked as self-closing, in which case they must
352: not have an end tag.</p><p>The contents of the element must be placed between just after the
1.1 mike 353: start tag (which <a href="#syntax-tag-omission" title="syntax-tag-omission">might be implied,
354: in certain cases</a>) and just before the end tag (which again,
355: <a href="#syntax-tag-omission" title="syntax-tag-omission">might be implied in certain
356: cases</a>). The exact allowed contents of each individual element
357: depends on the content model of that element, as described earlier
358: in this specification. Elements must not contain content that their
359: content model disallows. In addition to the restrictions placed on
360: the contents by those content models, however, the five types of
1.123 mike 361: elements have additional <em>syntactic</em> requirements.</p><p><a href="#void-elements">Void elements</a> can't have any contents (since there's
1.1 mike 362: no end tag, no content can be put between the start tag and the end
1.373 mike 363: tag).</p><p><a href="#raw-text-elements">Raw text elements</a> can have <a href="#syntax-text" title="syntax-text">text</a>, though it has <a href="#cdata-rcdata-restrictions">restrictions</a> described
364: below.</p><p><a href="#rcdata-elements">RCDATA elements</a> can have <a href="#syntax-text" title="syntax-text">text</a> and <a href="#syntax-charref" title="syntax-charref">character references</a>, but the text
365: must not contain an <a href="#syntax-ambiguous-ampersand" title="syntax-ambiguous-ampersand">ambiguous ampersand</a>.
1.1 mike 366: There are also <a href="#cdata-rcdata-restrictions">further
1.373 mike 367: restrictions</a> described below.</p><p><a href="#foreign-elements">Foreign elements</a> whose start tag is marked as
368: self-closing can't have any contents (since, again, as there's no
369: end tag, no content can be put between the start tag and the end
370: tag). <a href="#foreign-elements">Foreign elements</a> whose start tag is <em>not</em>
371: marked as self-closing can have <a href="#syntax-text" title="syntax-text">text</a>, <a href="#syntax-charref" title="syntax-charref">character references</a>, <a href="#syntax-cdata" title="syntax-cdata">CDATA sections</a>, other <a href="#syntax-elements" title="syntax-elements">elements</a>, and <a href="#syntax-comments" title="syntax-comments">comments</a>, but the text must not
1.1 mike 372: contain the character U+003C LESS-THAN SIGN (<code><</code>) or
373: an <a href="#syntax-ambiguous-ampersand" title="syntax-ambiguous-ampersand">ambiguous
1.374 mike 374: ampersand</a>.</p><div class="note">
375:
376: <p>The HTML syntax does not support namespace
377: declarations, even in <a href="#foreign-elements">foreign elements</a>.</p>
378:
379: <p>For instance, consider the following HTML fragment:</p>
380:
381: <pre><p>
382: <svg>
383: <metadata>
384: <!-- this is invalid -->
385: <cdr:license xmlns:cdr="http://www.example.com/cdr/metadata" name="MIT"/>
386: </metadata>
387: </svg>
388: </p></pre>
389:
390: <p>The innermost element, <code title="">cdr:license</code>, is
391: actually in the SVG namespace, as the "<code title="">xmlns:cdr</code>" attribute has no effect (unlike in
392: XML). In fact, as the comment in the fragment above says, the
393: fragment is actually non-conforming. This is because the SVG
394: specification does not define any elements called "<code title="">cdr:license</code>" in the SVG namespace.</p>
395:
396: </div><p><a href="#normal-elements">Normal elements</a> can have <a href="#syntax-text" title="syntax-text">text</a>, <a href="#syntax-charref" title="syntax-charref">character references</a>, other <a href="#syntax-elements" title="syntax-elements">elements</a>, and <a href="#syntax-comments" title="syntax-comments">comments</a>, but the text must not
1.1 mike 397: contain the character U+003C LESS-THAN SIGN (<code><</code>) or
398: an <a href="#syntax-ambiguous-ampersand" title="syntax-ambiguous-ampersand">ambiguous
1.373 mike 399: ampersand</a>. Some <a href="#normal-elements">normal elements</a> also have <a href="#element-restrictions">yet more restrictions</a> on what
1.1 mike 400: content they are allowed to hold, beyond the restrictions imposed by
401: the content model and those described in this paragraph. Those
1.123 mike 402: restrictions are described below.</p><p>Tags contain a <dfn id="syntax-tag-name" title="syntax-tag-name">tag name</dfn>,
1.1 mike 403: giving the element's name. HTML elements all have names that only
1.464 mike 404: use characters in the range U+0030 DIGIT ZERO (0) to U+0039 DIGIT
405: NINE (9), U+0061 LATIN SMALL LETTER A to U+007A LATIN SMALL LETTER
406: Z, and U+0041 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A to U+005A LATIN CAPITAL LETTER
407: Z. In the HTML syntax, tag names, even those for <a href="#foreign-elements">foreign
1.462 mike 408: elements</a>, may be written with any mix of lower- and uppercase
409: letters that, when converted to all-lowercase, matches the element's
410: tag name; tag names are case-insensitive.</p><h5 id="start-tags"><span class="secno">9.1.2.1 </span>Start tags</h5><p><dfn id="syntax-start-tag" title="syntax-start-tag">Start tags</dfn> must have the
1.123 mike 411: following format:</p><ol><li>The first character of a start tag must be a U+003C LESS-THAN
1.1 mike 412: SIGN (<code><</code>).</li>
413:
414: <li>The next few characters of a start tag must be the element's
415: <a href="#syntax-tag-name" title="syntax-tag-name">tag name</a>.</li>
416:
417: <li>If there are to be any attributes in the next step, there must
418: first be one or more <a href="infrastructure.html#space-character" title="space character">space
419: characters</a>.</li>
420:
421: <li>Then, the start tag may have a number of attributes, the <a href="#syntax-attributes" title="syntax-attributes">syntax for which</a> is described
422: below. Attributes may be separated from each other by one or more
423: <a href="infrastructure.html#space-character" title="space character">space characters</a>.</li>
424:
425: <li>After the attributes, there may be one or more <a href="infrastructure.html#space-character" title="space character">space characters</a>. (Some attributes
426: are required to be followed by a space. See the <a href="#syntax-attributes" title="syntax-attributes">attributes section</a> below.)</li>
427:
428: <li>Then, if the element is one of the <a href="#void-elements">void elements</a>,
1.373 mike 429: or if the element is a <a href="#foreign-elements" title="foreign elements">foreign
430: element</a>, then there may be a single U+002F SOLIDUS
431: (<code>/</code>) character. This character has no effect on
432: <a href="#void-elements">void elements</a>, but on <a href="#foreign-elements">foreign elements</a> it
433: marks the start tag as self-closing.</li>
1.1 mike 434:
435: <li>Finally, start tags must be closed by a U+003E GREATER-THAN
436: SIGN (<code>></code>) character.</li>
437:
1.123 mike 438: </ol><h5 id="end-tags"><span class="secno">9.1.2.2 </span>End tags</h5><p><dfn id="syntax-end-tag" title="syntax-end-tag">End tags</dfn> must have the
439: following format:</p><ol><li>The first character of an end tag must be a U+003C LESS-THAN
1.1 mike 440: SIGN (<code><</code>).</li>
441:
442: <li>The second character of an end tag must be a U+002F SOLIDUS
443: (<code>/</code>).</li>
444:
445: <li>The next few characters of an end tag must be the element's
446: <a href="#syntax-tag-name" title="syntax-tag-name">tag name</a>.</li>
447:
448: <li>After the tag name, there may be one or more <a href="infrastructure.html#space-character" title="space
449: character">space characters</a>.</li>
450:
451: <li>Finally, end tags must be closed by a U+003E GREATER-THAN
452: SIGN (<code>></code>) character.</li>
453:
1.123 mike 454: </ol><h5 id="attributes"><span class="secno">9.1.2.3 </span>Attributes</h5><p><dfn id="syntax-attributes" title="syntax-attributes">Attributes</dfn> for an element
455: are expressed inside the element's start tag.</p><p>Attributes have a name and a value. <dfn id="syntax-attribute-name" title="syntax-attribute-name">Attribute names</dfn> must consist of
1.1 mike 456: one or more characters other than the <a href="infrastructure.html#space-character" title="space
457: character">space characters</a>, U+0000 NULL, U+0022 QUOTATION
458: MARK ("), U+0027 APOSTROPHE ('), U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN
459: (>), U+002F SOLIDUS (/), and U+003D EQUALS SIGN (=) characters,
460: the control characters, and any characters that are not defined by
1.462 mike 461: Unicode. In the HTML syntax, attribute names, even those for
462: <a href="#foreign-elements">foreign elements</a>, may be written with any mix of lower-
463: and uppercase letters that are an <a href="infrastructure.html#ascii-case-insensitive">ASCII
1.123 mike 464: case-insensitive</a> match for the attribute's name.</p><p><dfn id="syntax-attribute-value" title="syntax-attribute-value">Attribute values</dfn> are a
1.1 mike 465: mixture of <a href="#syntax-text" title="syntax-text">text</a> and <a href="#syntax-charref" title="syntax-charref">character references</a>, except with the
1.123 mike 466: additional restriction that the text cannot contain an <a href="#syntax-ambiguous-ampersand" title="syntax-ambiguous-ampersand">ambiguous ampersand</a>.</p><p>Attributes can be specified in four different ways:</p><dl><dt>Empty attribute syntax</dt>
1.1 mike 467:
468: <dd>
469:
470: <p>Just the <a href="#syntax-attribute-name" title="syntax-attribute-name">attribute
471: name</a>.</p>
472:
473: <div class="example">
474:
475: <p>In the following example, the <code title="attr-fe-disabled"><a href="forms.html#attr-fe-disabled">disabled</a></code> attribute is given with
476: the empty attribute syntax:</p>
477:
478: <pre><input <em>disabled</em>></pre>
479:
480: </div>
481:
482: <p>If an attribute using the empty attribute syntax is to be
483: followed by another attribute, then there must be a <a href="infrastructure.html#space-character">space
484: character</a> separating the two.</p>
485:
486: </dd>
487:
1.2 mike 488: <dt id="unquoted">Unquoted attribute value syntax</dt>
1.1 mike 489:
490: <dd>
491:
492: <p>The <a href="#syntax-attribute-name" title="syntax-attribute-name">attribute name</a>,
493: followed by zero or more <a href="infrastructure.html#space-character" title="space character">space
494: characters</a>, followed by a single U+003D EQUALS SIGN
495: character, followed by zero or more <a href="infrastructure.html#space-character" title="space
496: character">space characters</a>, followed by the <a href="#syntax-attribute-value" title="syntax-attribute-value">attribute value</a>, which, in
497: addition to the requirements given above for attribute values,
498: must not contain any literal <a href="infrastructure.html#space-character" title="space character">space
499: characters</a>, any U+0022 QUOTATION MARK (<code>"</code>)
500: characters, U+0027 APOSTROPHE (<code>'</code>) characters,
501: U+003D EQUALS SIGN (<code>=</code>) characters, U+003C LESS-THAN
1.463 mike 502: SIGN (<code><</code>) characters, U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN
503: (<code>></code>) characters, or U+0060 GRAVE ACCENT (`)
504: characters, and must not be the empty string.</p>
505:
506: <!-- The ` character is in this list on a temporary basis, waiting
507: for IE to fix it's parsing bug whereby it treats ` as an
508: attribute value delimiter. Otherwise, escaping software that
509: tries to be clever and not use quotes when it doesn't need to
510: could be tricked by an attacker.
511:
512: Posit a site that allows the user to input text that is used
513: verbatim in two attributes, such that the user can set the
514: first attribute's value to:
515:
516: `
517:
518: ...and the second to:
519:
520: ` onload='...payload...' end=x
521:
522: ...with the assumption that the site is going to not quote
523: the first one, and quote the second one with double quotes:
524:
525: <body title=` class="` onload='...payload...' end=x">
526:
527: In IE, this is treated as:
528:
529: <body title=' class="'
530: onload='...payload...'
531: end='x"'>
532:
533: -->
534:
1.1 mike 535:
536: <div class="example">
537:
538: <p>In the following example, the <code title="attr-input-value"><a href="forms.html#attr-input-value">value</a></code> attribute is given
539: with the unquoted attribute value syntax:</p>
540:
541: <pre><input <em>value=yes</em>></pre>
542:
543: </div>
544:
545: <p>If an attribute using the unquoted attribute syntax is to be
1.101 mike 546: followed by another attribute or by the optional U+002F SOLIDUS
1.464 mike 547: character (/) allowed in step 6 of the <a href="#syntax-start-tag" title="syntax-start-tag">start tag</a> syntax above, then there
1.1 mike 548: must be a <a href="infrastructure.html#space-character">space character</a> separating the two.</p>
549:
550: </dd>
551:
552: <dt>Single-quoted attribute value syntax</dt>
553:
554: <dd>
555:
556: <p>The <a href="#syntax-attribute-name" title="syntax-attribute-name">attribute name</a>,
557: followed by zero or more <a href="infrastructure.html#space-character" title="space character">space
558: characters</a>, followed by a single U+003D EQUALS SIGN
559: character, followed by zero or more <a href="infrastructure.html#space-character" title="space
560: character">space characters</a>, followed by a single U+0027
561: APOSTROPHE (<code>'</code>) character, followed by the <a href="#syntax-attribute-value" title="syntax-attribute-value">attribute value</a>, which, in
562: addition to the requirements given above for attribute values,
563: must not contain any literal U+0027 APOSTROPHE (<code>'</code>)
564: characters, and finally followed by a second single U+0027
565: APOSTROPHE (<code>'</code>) character.</p>
566:
567: <div class="example">
568:
569: <p>In the following example, the <code title="attr-input-type"><a href="forms.html#attr-input-type">type</a></code> attribute is given with the
570: single-quoted attribute value syntax:</p>
571:
572: <pre><input <em>type='checkbox'</em>></pre>
573:
574: </div>
575:
576: <p>If an attribute using the single-quoted attribute syntax is to
577: be followed by another attribute, then there must be a <a href="infrastructure.html#space-character">space
578: character</a> separating the two.</p>
579:
580: </dd>
581:
582: <dt>Double-quoted attribute value syntax</dt>
583:
584: <dd>
585:
586: <p>The <a href="#syntax-attribute-name" title="syntax-attribute-name">attribute name</a>,
587: followed by zero or more <a href="infrastructure.html#space-character" title="space character">space
588: characters</a>, followed by a single U+003D EQUALS SIGN
589: character, followed by zero or more <a href="infrastructure.html#space-character" title="space
590: character">space characters</a>, followed by a single U+0022
591: QUOTATION MARK (<code>"</code>) character, followed by the <a href="#syntax-attribute-value" title="syntax-attribute-value">attribute value</a>, which, in
592: addition to the requirements given above for attribute values,
593: must not contain any literal U+0022 QUOTATION MARK
594: (<code>"</code>) characters, and finally followed by a second
595: single U+0022 QUOTATION MARK (<code>"</code>) character.</p>
596:
597: <div class="example">
598:
599: <p>In the following example, the <code title="attr-fe-name"><a href="forms.html#attr-fe-name">name</a></code> attribute is given with the
600: double-quoted attribute value syntax:</p>
601:
602: <pre><input <em>name="be evil"</em>></pre>
603:
604: </div>
605:
606: <p>If an attribute using the double-quoted attribute syntax is to
607: be followed by another attribute, then there must be a <a href="infrastructure.html#space-character">space
608: character</a> separating the two.</p>
609:
610: </dd>
611:
612: </dl><p>There must never be two or more attributes on the same start tag
613: whose names are an <a href="infrastructure.html#ascii-case-insensitive">ASCII case-insensitive</a> match for
1.462 mike 614: each other.</p><hr><p>When a <a href="#foreign-elements" title="foreign elements">foreign element</a> has
615: one of the namespaced attributes given by the local name and
616: namespace of the first and second cells of a row from the following
617: table, it must be written using the name given by the third cell
618: from the same row.</p><table><thead><tr><th> Local name </th><th> Namespace </th><th> Attribute name
619: </th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td> <code title="">actuate</code> </td><td> <a href="#xlink-namespace">XLink namespace</a> </td><td> <code title="">xlink:actuate</code>
620: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">arcrole</code> </td><td> <a href="#xlink-namespace">XLink namespace</a> </td><td> <code title="">xlink:arcrole</code>
621: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">href</code> </td><td> <a href="#xlink-namespace">XLink namespace</a> </td><td> <code title="">xlink:href</code>
622: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">role</code> </td><td> <a href="#xlink-namespace">XLink namespace</a> </td><td> <code title="">xlink:role</code>
623: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">show</code> </td><td> <a href="#xlink-namespace">XLink namespace</a> </td><td> <code title="">xlink:show</code>
624: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">title</code> </td><td> <a href="#xlink-namespace">XLink namespace</a> </td><td> <code title="">xlink:title</code>
625: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">type</code> </td><td> <a href="#xlink-namespace">XLink namespace</a> </td><td> <code title="">xlink:type</code>
626: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">base</code> </td><td> <a href="#xml-namespace">XML namespace</a> <!-- attr-xml-base --> </td><td> <code title="">xml:base</code>
627: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">lang</code> </td><td> <a href="#xml-namespace">XML namespace</a> </td><td> <code title="">xml:lang</code>
628: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">space</code> </td><td> <a href="#xml-namespace">XML namespace</a> </td><td> <code title="">xml:space</code>
629: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">xmlns</code> </td><td> <a href="#xmlns-namespace">XMLNS namespace</a> </td><td> <code title="">xmlns</code>
630: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">xlink</code> </td><td> <a href="#xmlns-namespace">XMLNS namespace</a> </td><td> <code title="">xmlns:xlink</code>
631: </td></tr></tbody></table><p>No other namespaced attribute can be expressed in the <a href="#syntax">the
632: HTML syntax</a>.</p><h5 id="optional-tags"><span class="secno">9.1.2.4 </span>Optional tags</h5><p>Certain tags can be <dfn id="syntax-tag-omission" title="syntax-tag-omission">omitted</dfn>.</p><p class="note">Omitting an element's <a href="#syntax-start-tag" title="syntax-start-tag">start tag</a> does not mean the element
1.1 mike 633: is not present; it is implied, but it is still there. An HTML
1.159 mike 634: document always has a root <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element-0">html</a></code> element, even if the
1.1 mike 635: string <code title=""><html></code> doesn't appear anywhere in
1.159 mike 636: the markup.</p><!-- <html> --><p>An <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element-0">html</a></code> element's <a href="#syntax-start-tag" title="syntax-start-tag">start tag</a> may be omitted if the
637: first thing inside the <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element-0">html</a></code> element is not a <a href="#syntax-comments" title="syntax-comments">comment</a>.</p><!-- </html> --><p>An <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element-0">html</a></code> element's <a href="#syntax-end-tag" title="syntax-end-tag">end
638: tag</a> may be omitted if the <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element-0">html</a></code> element is not
639: immediately followed by a <a href="#syntax-comments" title="syntax-comments">comment</a>.</p><!-- <head> --><p>A <code><a href="semantics.html#the-head-element-0">head</a></code> element's <a href="#syntax-start-tag" title="syntax-start-tag">start tag</a> may be omitted <!--if the
1.1 mike 640: element is empty, or--> if the first thing inside the
1.159 mike 641: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-head-element-0">head</a></code> element is an element.</p><!-- </head> --><p>A <code><a href="semantics.html#the-head-element-0">head</a></code> element's <a href="#syntax-end-tag" title="syntax-end-tag">end
642: tag</a> may be omitted if the <code><a href="semantics.html#the-head-element-0">head</a></code> element is not
643: immediately followed by a <a href="infrastructure.html#space-character">space character</a> or a <a href="#syntax-comments" title="syntax-comments">comment</a>.</p><!-- <body> --><p>A <code><a href="semantics.html#the-body-element-0">body</a></code> element's <a href="#syntax-start-tag" title="syntax-start-tag">start tag</a> may be omitted if the
644: element is empty, or if the first thing inside the <code><a href="semantics.html#the-body-element-0">body</a></code>
1.1 mike 645: element is not a <a href="infrastructure.html#space-character">space character</a> or a <a href="#syntax-comments" title="syntax-comments">comment</a>, except if the first thing
1.159 mike 646: inside the <code><a href="semantics.html#the-body-element-0">body</a></code> element is a <code><a href="semantics.html#script">script</a></code> or
1.1 mike 647: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-style-element">style</a></code> element. <!-- Note that even if the </head> end
648: tag is present, the parser makes <style> and <script> elements
649: between </head> and <body> end up in the <head> instead of implying
1.159 mike 650: the <body> --></p><!-- </body> --><p>A <code><a href="semantics.html#the-body-element-0">body</a></code> element's <a href="#syntax-end-tag" title="syntax-end-tag">end
651: tag</a> may be omitted if the <code><a href="semantics.html#the-body-element-0">body</a></code> element is not
1.123 mike 652: immediately followed by a <a href="#syntax-comments" title="syntax-comments">comment</a>.</p><!-- </li> --><p>A <code><a href="semantics.html#the-li-element">li</a></code> element's <a href="#syntax-end-tag" title="syntax-end-tag">end
1.1 mike 653: tag</a> may be omitted if the <code><a href="semantics.html#the-li-element">li</a></code> element is
654: immediately followed by another <code><a href="semantics.html#the-li-element">li</a></code> element or if there
1.422 mike 655: is no more content in the parent element.</p><!-- </dt> --><p>A <code><a href="semantics.html#the-dt-element">dt</a></code> element's <a href="#syntax-end-tag" title="syntax-end-tag">end
1.1 mike 656: tag</a> may be omitted if the <code><a href="semantics.html#the-dt-element">dt</a></code> element is
657: immediately followed by another <code><a href="semantics.html#the-dt-element">dt</a></code> element or a
1.123 mike 658: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-dd-element">dd</a></code> element.</p><!-- </dd> --><p>A <code><a href="semantics.html#the-dd-element">dd</a></code> element's <a href="#syntax-end-tag" title="syntax-end-tag">end
1.1 mike 659: tag</a> may be omitted if the <code><a href="semantics.html#the-dd-element">dd</a></code> element is
660: immediately followed by another <code><a href="semantics.html#the-dd-element">dd</a></code> element or a
661: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-dt-element">dt</a></code> element, or if there is no more content in the
1.123 mike 662: parent element.</p><!-- </p> --><p>A <code><a href="semantics.html#the-p-element">p</a></code> element's <a href="#syntax-end-tag" title="syntax-end-tag">end
1.1 mike 663: tag</a> may be omitted if the <code><a href="semantics.html#the-p-element">p</a></code> element is
664: immediately followed by an <code><a href="semantics.html#the-address-element">address</a></code>,
665: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-article-element">article</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-aside-element">aside</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-blockquote-element">blockquote</a></code>,
1.305 mike 666: <!--v2DATAGRID <code>datagrid</code>,--> <code><a href="obsolete.html#dir">dir</a></code>,
1.306 mike 667: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-div-element">div</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-dl-element">dl</a></code>, <code><a href="forms.html#the-fieldset-element">fieldset</a></code>,
1.305 mike 668: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-footer-element">footer</a></code>, <code><a href="forms.html#the-form-element">form</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-h1-h2-h3-h4-h5-and-h6-elements">h1</a></code>,
669: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-h1-h2-h3-h4-h5-and-h6-elements">h2</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-h1-h2-h3-h4-h5-and-h6-elements">h3</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-h1-h2-h3-h4-h5-and-h6-elements">h4</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-h1-h2-h3-h4-h5-and-h6-elements">h5</a></code>,
670: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-h1-h2-h3-h4-h5-and-h6-elements">h6</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-header-element">header</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-hgroup-element">hgroup</a></code>,
671: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-hr-element">hr</a></code>, <code><a href="interactive-elements.html#menus">menu</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-nav-element">nav</a></code>,
672: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-ol-element">ol</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-p-element">p</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-pre-element">pre</a></code>,
1.1 mike 673: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-section-element">section</a></code>, <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-table-element">table</a></code>, or <code><a href="semantics.html#the-ul-element">ul</a></code>,
674: element, or if there is no more content in the parent element and
1.123 mike 675: the parent element is not an <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-a-element">a</a></code> element.</p><!-- </rt> --><p>An <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-rt-element">rt</a></code> element's <a href="#syntax-end-tag" title="syntax-end-tag">end
1.1 mike 676: tag</a> may be omitted if the <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-rt-element">rt</a></code> element is
677: immediately followed by an <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-rt-element">rt</a></code> or <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-rp-element">rp</a></code>
1.123 mike 678: element, or if there is no more content in the parent element.</p><!-- </rp> --><p>An <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-rp-element">rp</a></code> element's <a href="#syntax-end-tag" title="syntax-end-tag">end
1.1 mike 679: tag</a> may be omitted if the <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-rp-element">rp</a></code> element is
680: immediately followed by an <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-rt-element">rt</a></code> or <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-rp-element">rp</a></code>
1.123 mike 681: element, or if there is no more content in the parent element.</p><!-- </optgroup> (the text assumes <optgroup> can only be inside a
1.1 mike 682: <select>; commented out text below can handle the non-<select> case
1.123 mike 683: if we ever allow it) --><p>An <code><a href="forms.html#the-optgroup-element">optgroup</a></code> element's <a href="#syntax-end-tag" title="syntax-end-tag">end tag</a> may be omitted if the
1.1 mike 684: <code><a href="forms.html#the-optgroup-element">optgroup</a></code> element <!--has an ancestor
685: <code>select</code> element and--> is immediately followed by
686: another <code><a href="forms.html#the-optgroup-element">optgroup</a></code> element, or if <!--all of the elements
687: that are ancestors of the <code>optgroup</code> element, up to and
688: including the first ancestor element that is not an
689: <code>optgroup</code> element, have no more content--> there is no
1.123 mike 690: more content in the parent element.</p><!-- so e.g. the max number of </optgroup>s are omitted here:
1.1 mike 691: <select><optgroup></select>
692: <p id=x><optgroup></optgroup>x</p>
693: <p id=x><optgroup><optgroup></optgroup></optgroup>x</p>
694: <p><optgroup id=x><optgroup></optgroup>x</p>
695: <p><optgroup><optgroup id=x>x</p>
1.123 mike 696: --><!-- </option> --><p>An <code><a href="forms.html#the-option-element">option</a></code> element's <a href="#syntax-end-tag" title="syntax-end-tag">end
1.1 mike 697: tag</a> may be omitted if the <code><a href="forms.html#the-option-element">option</a></code> element is
698: immediately followed by another <code><a href="forms.html#the-option-element">option</a></code> element, or if
699: it is immediately followed by an <code><a href="forms.html#the-optgroup-element">optgroup</a></code> element, or
1.123 mike 700: if there is no more content in the parent element.</p><!-- <colgroup> --><p>A <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-colgroup-element">colgroup</a></code> element's <a href="#syntax-start-tag" title="syntax-start-tag">start tag</a> may be omitted if the
1.1 mike 701: first thing inside the <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-colgroup-element">colgroup</a></code> element is a
702: <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-col-element">col</a></code> element, and if the element is not immediately
703: preceded by another <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-colgroup-element">colgroup</a></code> element whose <a href="#syntax-end-tag" title="syntax-end-tag">end tag</a> has been omitted. (It can't be
1.123 mike 704: omitted if the element is empty.)</p><!-- </colgroup> --><p>A <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-colgroup-element">colgroup</a></code> element's <a href="#syntax-end-tag" title="syntax-end-tag">end tag</a> may be omitted if the
1.1 mike 705: <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-colgroup-element">colgroup</a></code> element is not immediately followed by a
1.123 mike 706: <a href="infrastructure.html#space-character">space character</a> or a <a href="#syntax-comments" title="syntax-comments">comment</a>.</p><!-- </thead> --><p>A <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-thead-element">thead</a></code> element's <a href="#syntax-end-tag" title="syntax-end-tag">end
1.1 mike 707: tag</a> may be omitted if the <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-thead-element">thead</a></code> element is
708: immediately followed by a <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tbody-element">tbody</a></code> or <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tfoot-element">tfoot</a></code>
1.123 mike 709: element.</p><!-- <tbody> --><p>A <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tbody-element">tbody</a></code> element's <a href="#syntax-start-tag" title="syntax-start-tag">start tag</a> may be omitted if the
1.1 mike 710: first thing inside the <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tbody-element">tbody</a></code> element is a
711: <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tr-element">tr</a></code> element, and if the element is not immediately
712: preceded by a <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tbody-element">tbody</a></code>, <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-thead-element">thead</a></code>, or
713: <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tfoot-element">tfoot</a></code> element whose <a href="#syntax-end-tag" title="syntax-end-tag">end
714: tag</a> has been omitted. (It can't be omitted if the element is
1.123 mike 715: empty.)</p><!-- </tbody> --><p>A <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tbody-element">tbody</a></code> element's <a href="#syntax-end-tag" title="syntax-end-tag">end
1.1 mike 716: tag</a> may be omitted if the <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tbody-element">tbody</a></code> element is
717: immediately followed by a <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tbody-element">tbody</a></code> or <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tfoot-element">tfoot</a></code>
1.123 mike 718: element, or if there is no more content in the parent element.</p><!-- </tfoot> --><p>A <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tfoot-element">tfoot</a></code> element's <a href="#syntax-end-tag" title="syntax-end-tag">end
1.1 mike 719: tag</a> may be omitted if the <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tfoot-element">tfoot</a></code> element is
720: immediately followed by a <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tbody-element">tbody</a></code> element, or if there is
1.123 mike 721: no more content in the parent element.</p><!-- </tr> --><p>A <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tr-element">tr</a></code> element's <a href="#syntax-end-tag" title="syntax-end-tag">end
1.1 mike 722: tag</a> may be omitted if the <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tr-element">tr</a></code> element is
723: immediately followed by another <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tr-element">tr</a></code> element, or if there
1.123 mike 724: is no more content in the parent element.</p><!-- </td> --><p>A <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-td-element">td</a></code> element's <a href="#syntax-end-tag" title="syntax-end-tag">end
1.1 mike 725: tag</a> may be omitted if the <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-td-element">td</a></code> element is
726: immediately followed by a <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-td-element">td</a></code> or <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-th-element">th</a></code>
1.123 mike 727: element, or if there is no more content in the parent element.</p><!-- </th> --><p>A <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-th-element">th</a></code> element's <a href="#syntax-end-tag" title="syntax-end-tag">end
1.1 mike 728: tag</a> may be omitted if the <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-th-element">th</a></code> element is
729: immediately followed by a <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-td-element">td</a></code> or <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-th-element">th</a></code>
1.123 mike 730: element, or if there is no more content in the parent element.</p><p><strong>However</strong>, a <a href="#syntax-start-tag" title="syntax-start-tag">start
731: tag</a> must never be omitted if it has any attributes.</p><h5 id="element-restrictions"><span class="secno">9.1.2.5 </span>Restrictions on content models</h5><p>For historical reasons, certain elements have extra restrictions
732: beyond even the restrictions given by their content model.</p><p>A <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-table-element">table</a></code> element must not contain <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tr-element">tr</a></code>
1.1 mike 733: elements, even though these elements are technically allowed inside
734: <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-table-element">table</a></code> elements according to the content models
735: described in this specification. (If a <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tr-element">tr</a></code> element is
736: put inside a <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-table-element">table</a></code> in the markup, it will in fact imply
1.304 mike 737: a <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tbody-element">tbody</a></code> start tag before it.)</p><p>A single <a href="#syntax-newlines" title="syntax-newlines">newline</a> may be
738: placed immediately after the <a href="#syntax-start-tag" title="syntax-start-tag">start
1.1 mike 739: tag</a> of <code><a href="semantics.html#the-pre-element">pre</a></code> and <code><a href="forms.html#the-textarea-element">textarea</a></code>
740: elements. This does not affect the processing of the element. The
1.304 mike 741: otherwise optional <a href="#syntax-newlines" title="syntax-newlines">newline</a>
1.381 mike 742: <em>must</em> be included if the element's contents themselves start
743: with a <a href="#syntax-newlines" title="syntax-newlines">newline</a> (because
744: otherwise the leading newline in the contents would be treated like
745: the optional newline, and ignored).</p><div class="example">
1.1 mike 746: <p>The following two <code><a href="semantics.html#the-pre-element">pre</a></code> blocks are equivalent:</p>
747: <pre><pre>Hello</pre></pre>
748: <pre><pre><br>Hello</pre></pre>
1.373 mike 749: </div><h5 id="cdata-rcdata-restrictions"><span class="secno">9.1.2.6 </span>Restrictions on the contents of raw text and RCDATA elements</h5><p>The text in <a href="#raw-text-elements" title="raw text elements">raw text</a> and
750: <a href="#rcdata-elements" title="RCDATA elements">RCDATAs</a> element must not
751: contain any occurrences of the string "<code title=""></</code>"
752: (U+003C LESS-THAN SIGN, U+002F SOLIDUS) followed by characters that
1.1 mike 753: case-insensitively match the tag name of the element followed by one
754: of U+0009 CHARACTER TABULATION, U+000A LINE FEED (LF), U+000C FORM
1.304 mike 755: FEED (FF), U+000D CARRIAGE RETURN (CR), U+0020 SPACE, U+003E
756: GREATER-THAN SIGN (>), or U+002F SOLIDUS (/), unless that string is
757: part of an <a href="#syntax-escape" title="syntax-escape">escaping text
758: span</a>.</p><p>An <dfn id="syntax-escape" title="syntax-escape">escaping text span</dfn> is a span
1.1 mike 759: of <a href="#syntax-text" title="syntax-text">text</a> that starts with an <a href="#syntax-escape-start" title="syntax-escape-start">escaping text span start</a> that is
760: not itself in an <a href="#syntax-escape" title="syntax-escape">escaping text
761: span</a>, and ends at the next <a href="#syntax-escape-end" title="syntax-escape-end">escaping text span end</a>. There
762: cannot be any <a href="#syntax-charref" title="syntax-charref">character
763: references</a> inside an <a href="#syntax-escape" title="syntax-escape">escaping
764: text span</a> — sequences of characters that would look
765: like <a href="#syntax-charref" title="syntax-charref">character references</a> do not
1.123 mike 766: have special meaning.</p><p>An <dfn id="syntax-escape-start" title="syntax-escape-start">escaping text span
1.1 mike 767: start</dfn> is a part of <a href="#syntax-text" title="syntax-text">text</a> that
768: consists of the four character sequence "<code title=""><!--</code>" (U+003C LESS-THAN SIGN, U+0021 EXCLAMATION
1.123 mike 769: MARK, U+002D HYPHEN-MINUS, U+002D HYPHEN-MINUS).</p><p>An <dfn id="syntax-escape-end" title="syntax-escape-end">escaping text span end</dfn> is
1.1 mike 770: a part of <a href="#syntax-text" title="syntax-text">text</a> that consists of the
771: three character sequence "<code title="">--></code>" (U+002D
1.134 mike 772: HYPHEN-MINUS, U+002D HYPHEN-MINUS, U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN).</p><p>An <a href="#syntax-escape-start" title="syntax-escape-start">escaping text span
1.1 mike 773: start</a> may share its U+002D HYPHEN-MINUS characters with its
774: corresponding <a href="#syntax-escape-end" title="syntax-escape-end">escaping text span
1.373 mike 775: end</a>.</p><p>The text in <a href="#raw-text-elements">raw text elements</a> and <a href="#rcdata-elements">RCDATA
776: elements</a> must not have an <a href="#syntax-escape-start" title="syntax-escape-start">escaping text span start</a> that is
777: not followed by an <a href="#syntax-escape-end" title="syntax-escape-end">escaping text
778: span end</a>.</p><h4 id="text-0"><span class="secno">9.1.3 </span>Text</h4><p><dfn id="syntax-text" title="syntax-text">Text</dfn> is allowed inside elements,
1.1 mike 779: attributes, and comments. Text must consist of Unicode characters.
780: Text must not contain U+0000 characters. Text must not contain
1.316 mike 781: permanently undefined Unicode characters (noncharacters). Text must
782: not contain control characters other than <a href="infrastructure.html#space-character" title="space
783: character">space characters</a>. Extra constraints are placed on
784: what is and what is not allowed in text based on where the text is
785: to be put, as described in the other sections.</p><h5 id="newlines"><span class="secno">9.1.3.1 </span>Newlines</h5><p><dfn id="syntax-newlines" title="syntax-newlines">Newlines</dfn> in HTML may be
1.1 mike 786: represented either as U+000D CARRIAGE RETURN (CR) characters, U+000A
787: LINE FEED (LF) characters, or pairs of U+000D CARRIAGE RETURN (CR),
1.123 mike 788: U+000A LINE FEED (LF) characters in that order.</p><h4 id="character-references"><span class="secno">9.1.4 </span>Character references</h4><p>In certain cases described in other sections, <a href="#syntax-text" title="syntax-text">text</a> may be mixed with <dfn id="syntax-charref" title="syntax-charref">character references</dfn>. These can be used
1.1 mike 789: to escape characters that couldn't otherwise legally be included in
1.123 mike 790: <a href="#syntax-text" title="syntax-text">text</a>.</p><p>Character references must start with a U+0026 AMPERSAND
1.1 mike 791: (<code>&</code>). Following this, there are three possible kinds
1.123 mike 792: of character references:</p><dl><dt>Named character references</dt>
1.1 mike 793:
794: <dd>The ampersand must be followed by one of the names given in the
795: <a href="named-character-references.html#named-character-references">named character references</a> section, using the same
796: case. The name must be one that is terminated by a U+003B SEMICOLON
1.464 mike 797: character (;).</dd>
1.1 mike 798:
799:
800: <dt>Decimal numeric character reference</dt>
801:
802: <dd>The ampersand must be followed by a U+0023 NUMBER SIGN
803: (<code>#</code>) character, followed by one or more digits in the
1.464 mike 804: range U+0030 DIGIT ZERO (0) to U+0039 DIGIT NINE (9), representing
805: a base-ten integer that corresponds to a Unicode code point that is
1.378 mike 806: allowed according to the definition below. The digits must then be
1.464 mike 807: followed by a U+003B SEMICOLON character (;).</dd>
1.1 mike 808:
809:
810: <dt>Hexadecimal numeric character reference</dt>
811:
812: <dd>The ampersand must be followed by a U+0023 NUMBER SIGN
813: (<code>#</code>) character, which must be followed by either a
1.464 mike 814: U+0078 LATIN SMALL LETTER X character (x) or a U+0058 LATIN CAPITAL
815: LETTER X character (X), which must then be followed by one or more
816: digits in the range U+0030 DIGIT ZERO (0) to U+0039 DIGIT NINE (9),
817: U+0061 LATIN SMALL LETTER A to U+0066 LATIN SMALL LETTER F, and
818: U+0041 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A to U+0046 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER F,
819: representing a base-sixteen integer that corresponds to a Unicode
820: code point that is allowed according to the definition below. The
821: digits must then be followed by a U+003B SEMICOLON character
822: (;).</dd>
1.378 mike 823:
824: </dl><p>The numeric character reference forms described above are allowed
825: to reference any Unicode code point other than U+0000, permanently
826: undefined Unicode characters (noncharacters), and control characters
827: other than <a href="infrastructure.html#space-character" title="space character">space
828: characters</a>.</p><p>An <dfn id="syntax-ambiguous-ampersand" title="syntax-ambiguous-ampersand">ambiguous
1.464 mike 829: ampersand</dfn> is a U+0026 AMPERSAND character (&) that is
830: followed by some <a href="#syntax-text" title="syntax-text">text</a> other than a
831: <a href="infrastructure.html#space-character">space character</a>, a U+003C LESS-THAN SIGN character
832: (<), or another U+0026 AMPERSAND character
833: (<code>&</code>).</p><h4 id="cdata-sections"><span class="secno">9.1.5 </span>CDATA sections</h4><p><dfn id="syntax-cdata" title="syntax-cdata">CDATA sections</dfn> must start with
1.1 mike 834: the character sequence U+003C LESS-THAN SIGN, U+0021 EXCLAMATION
835: MARK, U+005B LEFT SQUARE BRACKET, U+0043 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER C,
836: U+0044 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER D, U+0041 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A, U+0054
837: LATIN CAPITAL LETTER T, U+0041 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A, U+005B LEFT
838: SQUARE BRACKET (<code title=""><![CDATA[</code>). Following this
839: sequence, the CDATA section may have <a href="#syntax-text" title="syntax-text">text</a>, with the additional restriction
840: that the text must not contain the three character sequence U+005D
841: RIGHT SQUARE BRACKET, U+005D RIGHT SQUARE BRACKET, U+003E
842: GREATER-THAN SIGN (<code title="">]]></code>). Finally, the CDATA
843: section must be ended by the three character sequence U+005D RIGHT
844: SQUARE BRACKET, U+005D RIGHT SQUARE BRACKET, U+003E GREATER-THAN
1.159 mike 845: SIGN (<code title="">]]></code>).</p><h4 id="comments"><span class="secno">9.1.6 </span>Comments</h4><p class="XXX annotation"><b>Status: </b><i>Working draft</i></p><p><dfn id="syntax-comments" title="syntax-comments">Comments</dfn> must start with the
1.1 mike 846: four character sequence U+003C LESS-THAN SIGN, U+0021 EXCLAMATION
847: MARK, U+002D HYPHEN-MINUS, U+002D HYPHEN-MINUS (<code title=""><!--</code>). Following this sequence, the comment may
848: have <a href="#syntax-text" title="syntax-text">text</a>, with the additional
849: restriction that the text must not start with a single U+003E
1.464 mike 850: GREATER-THAN SIGN (>) character, nor start with a U+002D
851: HYPHEN-MINUS character (-) followed by a
852: U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN (>) character, nor contain two
1.1 mike 853: consecutive U+002D HYPHEN-MINUS (<code title="">-</code>)
854: characters, nor end with a U+002D HYPHEN-MINUS (<code title="">-</code>) character. Finally, the comment must be ended by
855: the three character sequence U+002D HYPHEN-MINUS, U+002D
1.123 mike 856: HYPHEN-MINUS, U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN (<code title="">--></code>).</p><div class="impl">
1.1 mike 857:
1.159 mike 858: <h3 id="parsing"><span class="secno">9.2 </span>Parsing HTML documents</h3><p class="XXX annotation"><b>Status: </b><i>Last call for comments</i></p>
1.1 mike 859:
860: <p><i>This section only applies to user agents, data mining tools,
861: and conformance checkers.</i></p>
862:
863: <p class="note">The rules for parsing XML documents into DOM trees
864: are covered by the next section, entitled "<a href="the-xhtml-syntax.html#the-xhtml-syntax">The XHTML
865: syntax</a>".</p>
866:
867: <p>For <a href="dom.html#html-documents">HTML documents</a>, user agents must use the parsing
868: rules described in this section to generate the DOM trees. Together,
869: these rules define what is referred to as the <dfn id="html-parser">HTML
870: parser</dfn>.</p>
871:
872: <div class="note">
873:
874: <p>While the HTML syntax described in this specification bears a
875: close resemblance to SGML and XML, it is a separate language with
876: its own parsing rules.</p>
877:
1.183 mike 878: <p>Some earlier versions of HTML (in particular from HTML2 to
879: HTML4) were based on SGML and used SGML parsing rules. However, few
1.1 mike 880: (if any) web browsers ever implemented true SGML parsing for HTML
881: documents; the only user agents to strictly handle HTML as an SGML
882: application have historically been validators. The resulting
883: confusion — with validators claiming documents to have one
884: representation while widely deployed Web browsers interoperably
885: implemented a different representation — has wasted decades
886: of productivity. This version of HTML thus returns to a non-SGML
887: basis.</p>
888:
889: <p>Authors interested in using SGML tools in their authoring
890: pipeline are encouraged to use XML tools and the XML serialization
891: of HTML.</p>
892:
893: </div>
894:
895: <p>This specification defines the parsing rules for HTML documents,
896: whether they are syntactically correct or not. Certain points in the
897: parsing algorithm are said to be <dfn id="parse-error" title="parse error">parse
898: errors</dfn>. The error handling for parse errors is well-defined:
899: user agents must either act as described below when encountering
900: such problems, or must abort processing at the first error that they
901: encounter for which they do not wish to apply the rules described
902: below.</p>
903:
904: <p>Conformance checkers must report at least one parse error
905: condition to the user if one or more parse error conditions exist in
906: the document and must not report parse error conditions if none
907: exist in the document. Conformance checkers may report more than one
1.174 mike 908: parse error condition if more than one parse error condition exists
1.1 mike 909: in the document. Conformance checkers are not required to recover
910: from parse errors.</p>
911:
912: <p class="note">Parse errors are only errors with the
913: <em>syntax</em> of HTML. In addition to checking for parse errors,
914: conformance checkers will also verify that the document obeys all
915: the other conformance requirements described in this
916: specification.</p>
917:
918: <p>For the purposes of conformance checkers, if a resource is
919: determined to be in <a href="#syntax">the HTML syntax</a>, then it is an
920: <a href="dom.html#html-documents" title="HTML documents">HTML document</a>.</p>
921:
1.266 mike 922: </div><div class="impl">
1.1 mike 923:
924: <h4 id="overview-of-the-parsing-model"><span class="secno">9.2.1 </span>Overview of the parsing model</h4>
925:
926: <p>The input to the HTML parsing process consists of a stream of
927: Unicode characters, which is passed through a
928: <a href="#tokenization">tokenization</a> stage followed by a <a href="#tree-construction">tree
929: construction</a> stage. The output is a <code>Document</code>
930: object.</p>
931:
932: <p class="note">Implementations that <a href="infrastructure.html#non-scripted">do not
933: support scripting</a> do not have to actually create a DOM
934: <code>Document</code> object, but the DOM tree in such cases is
935: still used as the model for the rest of the specification.</p>
936:
937: <p>In the common case, the data handled by the tokenization stage
1.159 mike 938: comes from the network, but <a href="embedded-content-0.html#dynamic-markup-insertion" title="dynamic markup
939: insertion">it can also come from script</a>, e.g. using the <code title="dom-document-write"><a href="embedded-content-0.html#dom-document-write">document.write()</a></code> API.</p>
1.1 mike 940:
941: <p><img alt="" src="images/parsing-model-overview.png"></p>
942:
943: <p id="nestedParsing">There is only one set of states for the
944: tokenizer stage and the tree construction stage, but the tree
945: construction stage is reentrant, meaning that while the tree
946: construction stage is handling one token, the tokenizer might be
947: resumed, causing further tokens to be emitted and processed before
948: the first token's processing is complete.</p>
949:
950: <div class="example">
951:
952: <p>In the following example, the tree construction stage will be
953: called upon to handle a "p" start tag token while handling the
954: "script" start tag token:</p>
955:
956: <pre>...
957: <script>
958: document.write('<p>');
959: </script>
960: ...</pre>
961:
962: </div>
963:
964: <p>To handle these cases, parsers have a <dfn id="script-nesting-level">script nesting
965: level</dfn>, which must be initially set to zero, and a <dfn id="parser-pause-flag">parser
966: pause flag</dfn>, which must be initially set to false.</p>
967:
1.266 mike 968: </div><div class="impl">
1.1 mike 969:
970: <h4 id="the-input-stream"><span class="secno">9.2.2 </span>The <dfn>input stream</dfn></h4>
971:
972: <p>The stream of Unicode characters that comprises the input to the
973: tokenization stage will be initially seen by the user agent as a
974: stream of bytes (typically coming over the network or from the local
975: file system). The bytes encode the actual characters according to a
976: particular <em>character encoding</em>, which the user agent must
977: use to decode the bytes into characters.</p>
978:
979: <p class="note">For XML documents, the algorithm user agents must
980: use to determine the character encoding is given by the XML
1.104 mike 981: specification. This section does not apply to XML documents. <a href="references.html#refsXML">[XML]</a></p>
1.1 mike 982:
983:
1.168 mike 984: <h5 id="determining-the-character-encoding"><span class="secno">9.2.2.1 </span>Determining the character encoding</h5><p class="XXX annotation"><b>Status: </b><i>Working draft</i></p>
1.1 mike 985:
986: <p>In some cases, it might be impractical to unambiguously determine
987: the encoding before parsing the document. Because of this, this
988: specification provides for a two-pass mechanism with an optional
989: pre-scan. Implementations are allowed, as described below, to apply
990: a simplified parsing algorithm to whatever bytes they have available
991: before beginning to parse the document. Then, the real parser is
992: started, using a tentative encoding derived from this pre-parse and
993: other out-of-band metadata. If, while the document is being loaded,
994: the user agent discovers an encoding declaration that conflicts with
995: this information, then the parser can get reinvoked to perform a
996: parse of the document with the real encoding.</p>
997:
998: <p id="documentEncoding">User agents must use the following
999: algorithm (the <dfn id="encoding-sniffing-algorithm">encoding sniffing algorithm</dfn>) to determine
1000: the character encoding to use when decoding a document in the first
1001: pass. This algorithm takes as input any out-of-band metadata
1002: available to the user agent (e.g. the <a href="infrastructure.html#content-type" title="Content-Type">Content-Type metadata</a> of the document)
1003: and all the bytes available so far, and returns an encoding and a
1004: <dfn id="concept-encoding-confidence" title="concept-encoding-confidence">confidence</dfn>. The
1005: confidence is either <i>tentative</i>, <i>certain</i>, or
1006: <i>irrelevant</i>. The encoding used, and whether the confidence in
1007: that encoding is <i>tentative</i> or <i>certain</i>, is <a href="#meta-charset-during-parse">used during the parsing</a> to
1008: determine whether to <a href="#change-the-encoding">change the encoding</a>. If no
1009: encoding is necessary, e.g. because the parser is operating on a
1010: stream of Unicode characters and doesn't have to use an encoding at
1011: all, then the <a href="#concept-encoding-confidence" title="concept-encoding-confidence">confidence</a> is
1012: <i>irrelevant</i>.</p>
1013:
1014: <ol><li><p>If the transport layer specifies an encoding, and it is
1015: supported, return that encoding with the <a href="#concept-encoding-confidence" title="concept-encoding-confidence">confidence</a>
1016: <i>certain</i>, and abort these steps.</p></li>
1017:
1018: <li><p>The user agent may wait for more bytes of the resource to be
1019: available, either in this step or at any later step in this
1020: algorithm. For instance, a user agent might wait 500ms or 512
1021: bytes, whichever came first. In general preparsing the source to
1022: find the encoding improves performance, as it reduces the need to
1023: throw away the data structures used when parsing upon finding the
1024: encoding information. However, if the user agent delays too long to
1025: obtain data to determine the encoding, then the cost of the delay
1026: could outweigh any performance improvements from the
1027: preparse.</p></li>
1028:
1029: <li><p>For each of the rows in the following table, starting with
1030: the first one and going down, if there are as many or more bytes
1031: available than the number of bytes in the first column, and the
1032: first bytes of the file match the bytes given in the first column,
1033: then return the encoding given in the cell in the second column of
1034: that row, with the <a href="#concept-encoding-confidence" title="concept-encoding-confidence">confidence</a>
1035: <i>certain</i>, and abort these steps:</p>
1036:
1037: <!-- this table is present in several forms in this file; keep them in sync -->
1038: <table><thead><tr><th>Bytes in Hexadecimal
1039: </th><th>Encoding
1040: </th></tr></thead><tbody><!-- nobody uses this
1041: <tr>
1042: <td>00 00 FE FF
1043: <td>UTF-32BE
1044: <tr>
1045: <td>FF FE 00 00
1046: <td>UTF-32LE
1047: --><tr><td>FE FF
1048: </td><td>UTF-16BE
1049: </td></tr><tr><td>FF FE
1050: </td><td>UTF-16LE
1051: </td></tr><tr><td>EF BB BF
1052: </td><td>UTF-8
1053: <!-- nobody uses this
1054: <tr>
1055: <td>DD 73 66 73
1056: <td>UTF-EBCDIC
1057: -->
1058: </td></tr></tbody></table><p class="note">This step looks for Unicode Byte Order Marks
1059: (BOMs).</p></li>
1060:
1061: <li><p>Otherwise, the user agent will have to search for explicit
1062: character encoding information in the file itself. This should
1063: proceed as follows:
1064:
1065: </p><p>Let <var title="">position</var> be a pointer to a byte in the
1066: input stream, initially pointing at the first byte. If at any
1067: point during these substeps the user agent either runs out of
1068: bytes or decides that scanning further bytes would not be
1069: efficient, then skip to the next step of the overall character
1070: encoding detection algorithm. User agents may decide that scanning
1071: <em>any</em> bytes is not efficient, in which case these substeps
1072: are entirely skipped.</p>
1073:
1074: <p>Now, repeat the following "two" steps until the algorithm
1075: aborts (either because user agent aborts, as described above, or
1076: because a character encoding is found):</p>
1077:
1078: <ol><li><p>If <var title="">position</var> points to:</p>
1079:
1080: <dl class="switch"><dt>A sequence of bytes starting with: 0x3C 0x21 0x2D 0x2D (ASCII '<!--')</dt>
1081: <dd>
1082:
1083: <p>Advance the <var title="">position</var> pointer so that it
1084: points at the first 0x3E byte which is preceded by two 0x2D
1085: bytes (i.e. at the end of an ASCII '-->' sequence) and comes
1086: after the 0x3C byte that was found. (The two 0x2D bytes can be
1087: the same as the those in the '<!--' sequence.)</p>
1088:
1089: </dd>
1090:
1091: <dt>A sequence of bytes starting with: 0x3C, 0x4D or 0x6D, 0x45 or 0x65, 0x54 or 0x74, 0x41 or 0x61, and finally one of 0x09, 0x0A, 0x0C, 0x0D, 0x20, 0x2F (case-insensitive ASCII '<meta' followed by a space or slash)</dt>
1092: <dd>
1093:
1094: <ol><li><p>Advance the <var title="">position</var> pointer so
1095: that it points at the next 0x09, 0x0A, 0x0C, 0x0D, 0x20, or
1096: 0x2F byte (the one in sequence of characters matched
1097: above).</p></li>
1098:
1099: <li><p><a href="#concept-get-attributes-when-sniffing" title="concept-get-attributes-when-sniffing">Get
1100: an attribute</a> and its value. If no attribute was
1101: sniffed, then skip this inner set of steps, and jump to the
1102: second step in the overall "two step" algorithm.</p></li>
1103:
1104: <li><p>If the attribute's name is neither "<code title="">charset</code>" nor "<code title="">content</code>",
1105: then return to step 2 in these inner steps.</p></li>
1106:
1107: <li><p>If the attribute's name is "<code title="">charset</code>", let <var title="">charset</var> be
1108: the attribute's value, interpreted as a character
1109: encoding.</p></li>
1110:
1111: <li><p>Otherwise, the attribute's name is "<code title="">content</code>": apply the <a href="infrastructure.html#algorithm-for-extracting-an-encoding-from-a-content-type">algorithm for
1112: extracting an encoding from a Content-Type</a>, giving the
1113: attribute's value as the string to parse. If an encoding is
1114: returned, let <var title="">charset</var> be that
1115: encoding. Otherwise, return to step 2 in these inner
1116: steps.</p></li>
1117:
1118: <li><p>If <var title="">charset</var> is a UTF-16 encoding,
1119: change the value of <var title="">charset</var> to
1120: UTF-8.</p></li>
1121:
1122: <li><p>If <var title="">charset</var> is a supported
1123: character encoding, then return the given encoding, with
1124: <a href="#concept-encoding-confidence" title="concept-encoding-confidence">confidence</a>
1125: <i>tentative</i>, and abort all these steps.</p></li>
1126:
1127: <li><p>Otherwise, return to step 2 in these inner
1128: steps.</p></li>
1129:
1130: </ol></dd>
1131:
1.464 mike 1132: <dt>A sequence of bytes starting with a 0x3C byte (ASCII <), optionally a 0x2F byte (ASCII /), and finally a byte in the range 0x41-0x5A or 0x61-0x7A (an ASCII letter)</dt>
1.1 mike 1133: <dd>
1134:
1135: <ol><li><p>Advance the <var title="">position</var> pointer so
1136: that it points at the next 0x09 (ASCII TAB), 0x0A (ASCII LF),
1137: 0x0C (ASCII FF), 0x0D (ASCII CR), 0x20 (ASCII space), or 0x3E
1.464 mike 1138: (ASCII >) byte.</p></li>
1.1 mike 1139:
1140: <li><p>Repeatedly <a href="#concept-get-attributes-when-sniffing" title="concept-get-attributes-when-sniffing">get an
1141: attribute</a> until no further attributes can be found,
1142: then jump to the second step in the overall "two step"
1143: algorithm.</p></li>
1144:
1145: </ol></dd>
1146:
1147: <dt>A sequence of bytes starting with: 0x3C 0x21 (ASCII '<!')</dt>
1148: <dt>A sequence of bytes starting with: 0x3C 0x2F (ASCII '</')</dt>
1149: <dt>A sequence of bytes starting with: 0x3C 0x3F (ASCII '<?')</dt>
1150: <dd>
1151:
1152: <p>Advance the <var title="">position</var> pointer so that it
1.464 mike 1153: points at the first 0x3E byte (ASCII >) that comes after the
1.1 mike 1154: 0x3C byte that was found.</p>
1155:
1156: </dd>
1157:
1158: <dt>Any other byte</dt>
1159: <dd>
1160:
1161: <p>Do nothing with that byte.</p>
1162:
1163: </dd>
1164:
1165: </dl></li>
1166:
1167: <li>Move <var title="">position</var> so it points at the next
1168: byte in the input stream, and return to the first step of this
1169: "two step" algorithm.</li>
1170:
1171: </ol><p>When the above "two step" algorithm says to <dfn id="concept-get-attributes-when-sniffing" title="concept-get-attributes-when-sniffing">get an
1172: attribute</dfn>, it means doing this:</p>
1173:
1174: <ol><li><p>If the byte at <var title="">position</var> is one of 0x09
1175: (ASCII TAB), 0x0A (ASCII LF), 0x0C (ASCII FF), 0x0D (ASCII CR),
1.464 mike 1176: 0x20 (ASCII space), or 0x2F (ASCII /) then advance <var title="">position</var> to the next byte and redo this
1.1 mike 1177: substep.</p></li>
1178:
1179: <li><p>If the byte at <var title="">position</var> is 0x3E (ASCII
1.464 mike 1180: >), then abort the "get an attribute" algorithm. There isn't
1.1 mike 1181: one.</p></li>
1182:
1183: <li><p>Otherwise, the byte at <var title="">position</var> is the
1184: start of the attribute name. Let <var title="">attribute
1185: name</var> and <var title="">attribute value</var> be the empty
1186: string.</p></li>
1187:
1188: <li><p><i>Attribute name</i>: Process the byte at <var title="">position</var> as follows:</p>
1189:
1.464 mike 1190: <dl class="switch"><dt>If it is 0x3D (ASCII =), and the <var title="">attribute
1.1 mike 1191: name</var> is longer than the empty string</dt>
1192:
1193: <dd>Advance <var title="">position</var> to the next byte and
1194: jump to the step below labeled <i>value</i>.</dd>
1195:
1196: <dt>If it is 0x09 (ASCII TAB), 0x0A (ASCII LF), 0x0C (ASCII
1197: FF), 0x0D (ASCII CR), or 0x20 (ASCII space)</dt>
1198:
1199: <dd>Jump to the step below labeled <i>spaces</i>.</dd>
1200:
1.464 mike 1201: <dt>If it is 0x2F (ASCII /) or 0x3E (ASCII >)</dt>
1.1 mike 1202:
1203: <dd>Abort the "get an attribute" algorithm. The attribute's
1204: name is the value of <var title="">attribute name</var>, its
1205: value is the empty string.</dd>
1206:
1.464 mike 1207: <dt>If it is in the range 0x41 (ASCII A) to 0x5A (ASCII
1208: Z)</dt>
1.1 mike 1209:
1210: <dd>Append the Unicode character with code point <span title=""><var title="">b</var>+0x20</span> to <var title="">attribute
1211: name</var> (where <var title="">b</var> is the value of the
1212: byte at <var title="">position</var>).</dd>
1213:
1214: <dt>Anything else</dt>
1215:
1216: <dd>Append the Unicode character with the same code point as the
1217: value of the byte at <var title="">position</var>) to <var title="">attribute name</var>. (It doesn't actually matter how
1218: bytes outside the ASCII range are handled here, since only
1219: ASCII characters can contribute to the detection of a character
1220: encoding.)</dd>
1221:
1222: </dl></li>
1223:
1224: <li><p>Advance <var title="">position</var> to the next byte and
1225: return to the previous step.</p></li>
1226:
1227: <li><p><i>Spaces</i>: If the byte at <var title="">position</var> is one of 0x09 (ASCII TAB), 0x0A (ASCII
1228: LF), 0x0C (ASCII FF), 0x0D (ASCII CR), or 0x20 (ASCII space) then
1229: advance <var title="">position</var> to the next byte, then,
1230: repeat this step.</p></li>
1231:
1232: <li><p>If the byte at <var title="">position</var> is
1.464 mike 1233: <em>not</em> 0x3D (ASCII =), abort the "get an attribute"
1.1 mike 1234: algorithm. The attribute's name is the value of <var title="">attribute name</var>, its value is the empty
1235: string.</p></li>
1236:
1237: <li><p>Advance <var title="">position</var> past the 0x3D (ASCII
1.464 mike 1238: =) byte.</p></li>
1.1 mike 1239:
1240: <li><p><i>Value:</i> If the byte at <var title="">position</var> is one of 0x09 (ASCII TAB), 0x0A (ASCII
1241: LF), 0x0C (ASCII FF), 0x0D (ASCII CR), or 0x20 (ASCII space) then
1242: advance <var title="">position</var> to the next byte, then,
1243: repeat this step.</p></li>
1244:
1245: <li><p>Process the byte at <var title="">position</var> as
1246: follows:</p>
1247:
1.464 mike 1248: <dl class="switch"><dt>If it is 0x22 (ASCII ") or 0x27 (ASCII ')</dt>
1.1 mike 1249:
1250: <dd>
1251:
1252: <ol><li>Let <var title="">b</var> be the value of the byte at
1253: <var title="">position</var>.</li>
1254:
1255: <li>Advance <var title="">position</var> to the next
1256: byte.</li>
1257:
1258: <li>If the value of the byte at <var title="">position</var>
1259: is the value of <var title="">b</var>, then advance <var title="">position</var> to the next byte and abort the "get
1260: an attribute" algorithm. The attribute's name is the value of
1261: <var title="">attribute name</var>, and its value is the
1262: value of <var title="">attribute value</var>.</li>
1263:
1.464 mike 1264: <li>Otherwise, if the value of the byte at <var title="">position</var> is in the range 0x41 (ASCII A) to
1265: 0x5A (ASCII Z), then append a Unicode character to <var title="">attribute value</var> whose code point is 0x20 more
1.1 mike 1266: than the value of the byte at <var title="">position</var>.</li>
1267:
1268: <li>Otherwise, append a Unicode character to <var title="">attribute value</var> whose code point is the same as
1269: the value of the byte at <var title="">position</var>.</li>
1270:
1271: <li>Return to the second step in these substeps.</li>
1272:
1273: </ol></dd>
1274:
1.464 mike 1275: <dt>If it is 0x3E (ASCII >)</dt>
1.1 mike 1276:
1277: <dd>Abort the "get an attribute" algorithm. The attribute's
1278: name is the value of <var title="">attribute name</var>, its
1279: value is the empty string.</dd>
1280:
1281:
1.464 mike 1282: <dt>If it is in the range 0x41 (ASCII A) to 0x5A (ASCII
1283: Z)</dt>
1.1 mike 1284:
1285: <dd>Append the Unicode character with code point <span title=""><var title="">b</var>+0x20</span> to <var title="">attribute
1286: value</var> (where <var title="">b</var> is the value of the
1287: byte at <var title="">position</var>). Advance <var title="">position</var> to the next byte.</dd>
1288:
1289: <dt>Anything else</dt>
1290:
1291: <dd>Append the Unicode character with the same code point as the
1292: value of the byte at <var title="">position</var>) to <var title="">attribute value</var>. Advance <var title="">position</var> to the next byte.</dd>
1293:
1294: </dl></li>
1295:
1296: <li><p>Process the byte at <var title="">position</var> as
1297: follows:</p>
1298:
1299: <dl class="switch"><dt>If it is 0x09 (ASCII TAB), 0x0A (ASCII LF), 0x0C (ASCII
1300: FF), 0x0D (ASCII CR), 0x20 (ASCII space), or 0x3E (ASCII
1.464 mike 1301: >)</dt>
1.1 mike 1302:
1303: <dd>Abort the "get an attribute" algorithm. The attribute's
1304: name is the value of <var title="">attribute name</var> and its
1305: value is the value of <var title="">attribute value</var>.</dd>
1306:
1.464 mike 1307: <dt>If it is in the range 0x41 (ASCII A) to 0x5A (ASCII
1308: Z)</dt>
1.1 mike 1309:
1310: <dd>Append the Unicode character with code point <span title=""><var title="">b</var>+0x20</span> to <var title="">attribute
1311: value</var> (where <var title="">b</var> is the value of the
1312: byte at <var title="">position</var>).</dd>
1313:
1314: <dt>Anything else</dt>
1315:
1316: <dd>Append the Unicode character with the same code point as the
1317: value of the byte at <var title="">position</var>) to <var title="">attribute value</var>.</dd>
1318:
1319: </dl></li>
1320:
1321: <li><p>Advance <var title="">position</var> to the next byte and
1322: return to the previous step.</p></li>
1323:
1324: </ol><p>For the sake of interoperability, user agents should not use a
1325: pre-scan algorithm that returns different results than the one
1326: described above. (But, if you do, please at least let us know, so
1327: that we can improve this algorithm and benefit everyone...)</p>
1328:
1329: </li>
1330:
1331: <li><p>If the user agent has information on the likely encoding for
1332: this page, e.g. based on the encoding of the page when it was last
1333: visited, then return that encoding, with the <a href="#concept-encoding-confidence" title="concept-encoding-confidence">confidence</a>
1334: <i>tentative</i>, and abort these steps.</p></li>
1335:
1.322 mike 1336: <li>
1337:
1338: <p>The user agent may attempt to autodetect the character encoding
1339: from applying frequency analysis or other algorithms to the data
1340: stream. If autodetection succeeds in determining a character
1341: encoding, then return that encoding, with the <a href="#concept-encoding-confidence" title="concept-encoding-confidence">confidence</a>
1342: <i>tentative</i>, and abort these steps. <a href="references.html#refsUNIVCHARDET">[UNIVCHARDET]</a></p>
1343:
1344: <p class="note">The UTF-8 encoding has a highly detectable bit
1345: pattern. Documents that contain bytes with values greater than
1346: 0x7F which match the UTF-8 pattern are very likely to be UTF-8,
1347: while documents with byte sequences that do not match it are very
1348: likely not. User-agents are therefore encouraged to search for
1.485 mike 1349: this common encoding. <a href="references.html#refsPPUTF8">[PPUTF8]</a> <a href="references.html#refsUTF8DET">[UTF8DET]</a></p>
1.322 mike 1350:
1351: </li>
1.1 mike 1352:
1.501 ! mike 1353: <li>
! 1354:
! 1355: <p>Otherwise, return an implementation-defined or user-specified
! 1356: default character encoding, with the <a href="#concept-encoding-confidence" title="concept-encoding-confidence">confidence</a>
! 1357: <i>tentative</i>.</p>
! 1358:
! 1359: <p>In controlled environments or in environments where the
! 1360: encoding of documents can be prescribed (for example, for user
! 1361: agents intended for dedicated use in new networks), the
! 1362: comprehensive <code title="">UTF-8</code> encoding is
! 1363: suggested.</p>
! 1364:
! 1365: <p>In other environments, the default encoding is typically
! 1366: dependent on the user's locale (an approximation of the languages,
! 1367: and thus typically encodings, of the pages that the user is likely
! 1368: to frequent). The following table gives suggested defaults based
! 1369: on the user's locale, for compatibility with legacy content:</p>
! 1370:
! 1371: <!-- based on mozilla 1.9.1 localizations:
! 1372: http://mxr.mozilla.org/l10n-mozilla1.9.1/find?string=global%2Fintl.properties&tree=l10n-mozilla1.9.1&hint= -->
! 1373:
! 1374: <table><thead><tr><th>Locale
! 1375: </th><th>Suggested default encoding
! 1376: </th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>ar
! 1377: </td><td>UTF-8
! 1378:
! 1379: </td></tr><tr><td>be
! 1380: </td><td>ISO-8859-5
! 1381:
! 1382: </td></tr><tr><td>bg
! 1383: </td><td>windows-1251
! 1384:
! 1385: </td></tr><tr><td>cs<!-- -CZ -->
! 1386: </td><td>ISO-8859-2
! 1387:
! 1388: </td></tr><tr><td>cy
! 1389: </td><td>UTF-8
! 1390:
! 1391: </td></tr><tr><td>fa<!-- -IR -->
! 1392: </td><td>UTF-8
! 1393:
! 1394: </td></tr><tr><td>he<!-- -IL -->
! 1395: </td><td>windows-1255
! 1396:
! 1397: </td></tr><tr><td>hr
! 1398: </td><td>UTF-8
! 1399:
! 1400: </td></tr><tr><td>hu<!-- -HU -->
! 1401: </td><td>ISO-8859-2
! 1402:
! 1403: </td></tr><tr><td>ja <!-- and ja-JP-mac -->
! 1404: </td><td>windows-31J <!-- Shift_JIS -->
! 1405:
! 1406: </td></tr><tr><td>kk
! 1407: </td><td>UTF-8
! 1408:
! 1409: </td></tr><tr><td>ko<!-- -KR -->
! 1410: </td><td>windows-949 <!-- EUC-KR -->
! 1411:
! 1412: </td></tr><tr><td>ku
! 1413: </td><td>windows-1254 <!-- ISO-8859-9 -->
! 1414:
! 1415: </td></tr><tr><td>lt
! 1416: </td><td>windows-1257
! 1417:
! 1418: </td></tr><tr><td>lv<!-- -LV -->
! 1419: </td><td>ISO-8859-13
! 1420:
! 1421: </td></tr><tr><td>mk<!-- -MK -->
! 1422: </td><td>UTF-8
! 1423:
! 1424: </td></tr><tr><td>or
! 1425: </td><td>UTF-8
! 1426:
! 1427: </td></tr><tr><td>pl<!-- -PL -->
! 1428: </td><td>ISO-8859-2
! 1429:
! 1430: </td></tr><tr><td>ro
! 1431: </td><td>UTF-8
! 1432:
! 1433: </td></tr><tr><td>ru
! 1434: </td><td>windows-1251
! 1435:
! 1436: </td></tr><tr><td>sk
! 1437: </td><td>windows-1250
! 1438:
! 1439: </td></tr><tr><td>sl
! 1440: </td><td>ISO-8859-2
! 1441:
! 1442: </td></tr><tr><td>sr
! 1443: </td><td>UTF-8
! 1444:
! 1445: </td></tr><tr><td>th
! 1446: </td><td>windows-874 <!-- TIS-620 -->
! 1447:
! 1448: </td></tr><tr><td>tr<!-- -TR -->
! 1449: </td><td>windows-1254 <!-- ISO-8859-9 -->
! 1450:
! 1451: </td></tr><tr><td>uk
! 1452: </td><td>windows-1251
! 1453:
! 1454: </td></tr><tr><td>vi
! 1455: </td><td>UTF-8
! 1456:
! 1457: </td></tr><tr><td>zh-CN
! 1458: </td><td>GB18030
! 1459:
! 1460: </td></tr><tr><td>zh-TW
! 1461: </td><td>Big5
! 1462:
! 1463: </td></tr><tr><td>All other locales
! 1464: </td><td>windows-1252
! 1465:
! 1466: </td></tr></tbody></table></li>
1.1 mike 1467:
1468: </ol><p>The <a href="dom.html#document-s-character-encoding">document's character encoding</a> must immediately
1469: be set to the value returned from this algorithm, at the same time
1470: as the user agent uses the returned value to select the decoder to
1471: use for the input stream.</p>
1472:
1473:
1.237 mike 1474: <h5 id="character-encodings-0"><span class="secno">9.2.2.2 </span>Character encodings</h5><p class="XXX annotation"><b>Status: </b><i>Working draft</i></p>
1.1 mike 1475:
1.237 mike 1476: <p>User agents must at a minimum support the UTF-8 and Windows-1252
1477: encodings, but may support more.</p>
1478:
1479: <p class="note">It is not unusual for Web browsers to support dozens
1480: if not upwards of a hundred distinct character encodings.</p>
1481:
1.365 mike 1482: <p>User agents must support the <a href="infrastructure.html#preferred-mime-name">preferred MIME name</a> of
1483: every character encoding they support, and should support all the
1484: IANA-registered names and aliases of every character encoding they
1485: support. <a href="references.html#refsIANACHARSET">[IANACHARSET]</a></p>
1.237 mike 1486:
1487: <p>When comparing a string specifying a character encoding with the
1488: name or alias of a character encoding to determine if they are
1489: equal, user agents must remove any leading or trailing <a href="infrastructure.html#space-character" title="space character">space characters</a> in both names, and
1490: then perform the comparison in an <a href="infrastructure.html#ascii-case-insensitive">ASCII
1491: case-insensitive</a> manner.</p>
1492:
1493: <!-- this bit will be replaced by actual alias registrations in due course -->
1494:
1495: <p>In addition, user agents must support the aliases given in the
1496: following table for every character encoding they support, so that
1497: labels from the first column are treated as equivalent to the labels
1498: given in the corresponding cell from the second column on the same
1499: row.</p>
1500:
1501: <table><caption>Additional character encoding aliases</caption>
1502: <thead><tr><th> Alias </th><th> Corresponding encoding </th><th> References
1503: </th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td> x-sjis </td><td> windows-31J </td><td>
1504: <a href="references.html#refsSHIFTJIS">[SHIFTJIS]</a>
1505: <a href="references.html#refsWIN31J">[WIN31J]</a>
1506: </td></tr><tr><td> windows-932 </td><td> windows-31J </td><td>
1507: <a href="references.html#refsWIN31J">[WIN31J]</a>
1508: </td></tr><tr><td> x-x-big5 </td><td> Big5 </td><td>
1509: <a href="references.html#refsBIG5">[BIG5]</a>
1510: </td></tr></tbody></table><!-- end of bit that will be replaced by actual alias registrations in due course --><hr><p>When a user agent would otherwise use an encoding given in the
1511: first column of the following table to either convert content to
1512: Unicode characters or convert Unicode characters to bytes, it must
1513: instead use the encoding given in the cell in the second column of
1514: the same row. When a byte or sequence of bytes is treated
1515: differently due to this encoding aliasing, it is said to have been
1516: <dfn id="misinterpreted-for-compatibility">misinterpreted for compatibility</dfn>.</p>
1517:
1518: <table><caption>Character encoding overrides</caption>
1519: <thead><tr><th> Input encoding </th><th> Replacement encoding </th><th> References
1520: </th></tr></thead><tbody><!-- how about EUC-JP? --><tr><td> EUC-KR </td><td> windows-949 </td><td>
1521: <a href="references.html#refsEUCKR">[EUCKR]</a>
1522: <a href="references.html#refsWIN949">[WIN949]</a>
1523: </td></tr><tr><td> GB2312 </td><td> GBK </td><td>
1524: <a href="references.html#refsRFC1345">[RFC1345]</a>
1525: <a href="references.html#refsGBK">[GBK]</a>
1526: </td></tr><tr><td> GB_2312-80 </td><td> GBK </td><td>
1527: <a href="references.html#refsRFC1345">[RFC1345]</a>
1528: <a href="references.html#refsGBK">[GBK]</a>
1529: </td></tr><tr><td> ISO-8859-1 </td><td> windows-1252 </td><td>
1530: <a href="references.html#refsRFC1345">[RFC1345]</a>
1531: <a href="references.html#refsWIN1252">[WIN1252]</a>
1532: </td></tr><tr><td> ISO-8859-9 </td><td> windows-1254 </td><td>
1533: <a href="references.html#refsRFC1345">[RFC1345]</a>
1534: <a href="references.html#refsWIN1254">[WIN1254]</a>
1535: </td></tr><tr><td> ISO-8859-11 </td><td> windows-874 </td><td>
1536: <a href="references.html#refsISO885911">[ISO885911]</a>
1537: <a href="references.html#refsWIN874">[WIN874]</a>
1538: </td></tr><tr><td> KS_C_5601-1987 </td><td> windows-949 </td><td>
1539: <a href="references.html#refsRFC1345">[RFC1345]</a>
1540: <a href="references.html#refsWIN949">[WIN949]</a>
1541: </td></tr><tr><td> Shift_JIS </td><td> windows-31J </td><td>
1542: <a href="references.html#refsSHIFTJIS">[SHIFTJIS]</a>
1543: <a href="references.html#refsWIN31J">[WIN31J]</a>
1544: </td></tr><tr><td> TIS-620 </td><td> windows-874 </td><td>
1545: <a href="references.html#refsTIS620">[TIS620]</a>
1546: <a href="references.html#refsWIN874">[WIN874]</a>
1547: </td></tr><tr><td> US-ASCII </td><td> windows-1252 </td><td>
1548: <a href="references.html#refsRFC1345">[RFC1345]</a>
1549: <a href="references.html#refsWIN1252">[WIN1252]</a>
1550: </td></tr></tbody></table><p class="note">The requirement to treat certain encodings as other
1551: encodings according to the table above is a <a href="introduction.html#willful-violation">willful
1552: violation</a> of the W3C Character Model specification, motivated
1553: by a desire for compatibility with legacy content. <a href="references.html#refsCHARMOD">[CHARMOD]</a></p>
1554:
1555: <p>When a user agent is to use the UTF-16 encoding but no BOM has
1556: been found, user agents must default to UTF-16LE.</p>
1557:
1558: <p class="note">The requirement to default UTF-16 to LE rather than
1559: BE is a <a href="introduction.html#willful-violation">willful violation</a> of RFC 2781, motivated by a
1560: desire for compatibility with legacy content. <a href="references.html#refsCHARMOD">[CHARMOD]</a></p>
1561:
1562: <hr><p>User agents must not support the CESU-8, UTF-7, BOCU-1 and SCSU
1563: encodings. <a href="references.html#refsCESU8">[CESU8]</a> <a href="references.html#refsUTF7">[UTF7]</a> <a href="references.html#refsBOCU1">[BOCU1]</a> <a href="references.html#refsSCSU">[SCSU]</a></p>
1564:
1565: <p>Support for encodings based on EBCDIC is not recommended. This
1566: encoding is rarely used for publicly-facing Web content.</p>
1567:
1568: <p>Support for UTF-32 is not recommended. This encoding is rarely
1569: used, and frequently implemented incorrectly.</p>
1570:
1571: <p class="note">This specification does not make any attempt to
1572: support EBCDIC-based encodings and UTF-32 in its algorithms; support
1573: and use of these encodings can thus lead to unexpected behavior in
1574: implementations of this specification.</p>
1575:
1576:
1577:
1578: <h5 id="preprocessing-the-input-stream"><span class="secno">9.2.2.3 </span>Preprocessing the input stream</h5>
1.1 mike 1579:
1580: <p>Given an encoding, the bytes in the input stream must be
1581: converted to Unicode characters for the tokenizer, as described by
1582: the rules for that encoding, except that the leading U+FEFF BYTE
1583: ORDER MARK character, if any, must not be stripped by the encoding
1584: layer (it is stripped by the rule below).</p> <!-- this is to
1585: prevent two leading BOMs from being both stripped, once by the
1586: decoder, and once by the parser -->
1587:
1588: <p>Bytes or sequences of bytes in the original byte stream that
1.393 mike 1589: could not be converted to Unicode code points must be converted to
1590: U+FFFD REPLACEMENT CHARACTERs.</p>
1.1 mike 1591:
1592: <p class="note">Bytes or sequences of bytes in the original byte
1593: stream that did not conform to the encoding specification
1594: (e.g. invalid UTF-8 byte sequences in a UTF-8 input stream) are
1595: errors that conformance checkers are expected to report.</p>
1596:
1.438 mike 1597: <p>Any byte or sequence of bytes in the original byte stream that is
1598: <a href="#misinterpreted-for-compatibility">misinterpreted for compatibility</a> is a <a href="#parse-error">parse
1.1 mike 1599: error</a>.</p>
1600:
1601: <p>One leading U+FEFF BYTE ORDER MARK character must be ignored if
1602: any are present.</p>
1603:
1.300 mike 1604: <p class="note">The requirement to strip a U+FEFF BYTE ORDER MARK
1605: character regardless of whether that character was used to determine
1606: the byte order is a <a href="introduction.html#willful-violation">willful violation</a> of Unicode,
1607: motivated by a desire to increase the resilience of user agents in
1608: the face of naïve transcoders.</p>
1609:
1.316 mike 1610: <p>All U+0000 NULL characters and code points in the range U+D800 to
1.315 mike 1611: U+DFFF<!-- surrogates not allowed e.g. in UTF-8, and we don't want
1612: them to suddenly turn into codepoints when they go through a UTF-16
1613: pipe --> in the input must be replaced by U+FFFD REPLACEMENT
1.316 mike 1614: CHARACTERs. Any occurrences of such characters and code points are
1615: <a href="#parse-error" title="parse error">parse errors</a>.</p>
1.1 mike 1616:
1617: <p>Any occurrences of any characters in the ranges U+0001 to U+0008,
1618: <!-- HT, LF allowed --> <!-- U+000B is in the next list --> <!-- FF,
1619: CR allowed --> U+000E to U+001F, <!-- ASCII allowed --> U+007F
1.315 mike 1620: <!--to U+0084, (U+0085 NEL not allowed), U+0086--> to U+009F, U+FDD0
1621: to U+FDEF, and characters U+000B, U+FFFE, U+FFFF, U+1FFFE, U+1FFFF,
1622: U+2FFFE, U+2FFFF, U+3FFFE, U+3FFFF, U+4FFFE, U+4FFFF, U+5FFFE,
1623: U+5FFFF, U+6FFFE, U+6FFFF, U+7FFFE, U+7FFFF, U+8FFFE, U+8FFFF,
1624: U+9FFFE, U+9FFFF, U+AFFFE, U+AFFFF, U+BFFFE, U+BFFFF, U+CFFFE,
1625: U+CFFFF, U+DFFFE, U+DFFFF, U+EFFFE, U+EFFFF, U+FFFFE, U+FFFFF,
1626: U+10FFFE, and U+10FFFF are <a href="#parse-error" title="parse error">parse
1.316 mike 1627: errors</a>. These are all control characters or permanently
1628: undefined Unicode characters (noncharacters).</p>
1.1 mike 1629:
1630: <p>U+000D CARRIAGE RETURN (CR) characters and U+000A LINE FEED (LF)
1631: characters are treated specially. Any CR characters that are
1632: followed by LF characters must be removed, and any CR characters not
1633: followed by LF characters must be converted to LF characters. Thus,
1634: newlines in HTML DOMs are represented by LF characters, and there
1635: are never any CR characters in the input to the
1636: <a href="#tokenization">tokenization</a> stage.</p>
1637:
1638: <p>The <dfn id="next-input-character">next input character</dfn> is the first character in the
1639: input stream that has not yet been <dfn id="consumed">consumed</dfn>. Initially,
1640: the <i><a href="#next-input-character">next input character</a></i> is the first character in the
1641: input. The <dfn id="current-input-character">current input character</dfn> is the last character
1642: to have been <i><a href="#consumed">consumed</a></i>.</p>
1643:
1644: <p>The <dfn id="insertion-point">insertion point</dfn> is the position (just before a
1645: character or just before the end of the input stream) where content
1.159 mike 1646: inserted using <code title="dom-document-write"><a href="embedded-content-0.html#dom-document-write">document.write()</a></code> is actually
1.1 mike 1647: inserted. The insertion point is relative to the position of the
1648: character immediately after it, it is not an absolute offset into
1649: the input stream. Initially, the insertion point is
1.10 mike 1650: undefined.</p>
1.1 mike 1651:
1652: <p>The "EOF" character in the tables below is a conceptual character
1653: representing the end of the <a href="#the-input-stream">input stream</a>. If the parser
1.159 mike 1654: is a <a href="embedded-content-0.html#script-created-parser">script-created parser</a>, then the end of the
1.1 mike 1655: <a href="#the-input-stream">input stream</a> is reached when an <dfn id="explicit-eof-character">explicit "EOF"
1.159 mike 1656: character</dfn> (inserted by the <code title="dom-document-close"><a href="embedded-content-0.html#dom-document-close">document.close()</a></code> method) is
1.1 mike 1657: consumed. Otherwise, the "EOF" character is not a real character in
1658: the stream, but rather the lack of any further characters.</p>
1659:
1660:
1.237 mike 1661: <h5 id="changing-the-encoding-while-parsing"><span class="secno">9.2.2.4 </span>Changing the encoding while parsing</h5>
1.1 mike 1662:
1663: <p>When the parser requires the user agent to <dfn id="change-the-encoding">change the
1664: encoding</dfn>, it must run the following steps. This might happen
1665: if the <a href="#encoding-sniffing-algorithm">encoding sniffing algorithm</a> described above
1666: failed to find an encoding, or if it found an encoding that was not
1667: the actual encoding of the file.</p>
1668:
1669: <ol><li>If the new encoding is identical or equivalent to the encoding
1670: that is already being used to interpret the input stream, then set
1671: the <a href="#concept-encoding-confidence" title="concept-encoding-confidence">confidence</a> to
1672: <i>certain</i> and abort these steps. This happens when the
1673: encoding information found in the file matches what the
1674: <a href="#encoding-sniffing-algorithm">encoding sniffing algorithm</a> determined to be the
1675: encoding, and in the second pass through the parser if the first
1676: pass found that the encoding sniffing algorithm described in the
1677: earlier section failed to find the right encoding.</li>
1678:
1679: <li>If the encoding that is already being used to interpret the
1680: input stream is a UTF-16 encoding, then set the <a href="#concept-encoding-confidence" title="concept-encoding-confidence">confidence</a> to
1681: <i>certain</i> and abort these steps. The new encoding is ignored;
1682: if it was anything but the same encoding, then it would be clearly
1683: incorrect.</li>
1684:
1685: <li>If the new encoding is a UTF-16 encoding, change it to
1686: UTF-8.</li>
1687:
1688: <li>If all the bytes up to the last byte converted by the current
1689: decoder have the same Unicode interpretations in both the current
1690: encoding and the new encoding, and if the user agent supports
1691: changing the converter on the fly, then the user agent may change
1692: to the new converter for the encoding on the fly. Set the
1693: <a href="dom.html#document-s-character-encoding">document's character encoding</a> and the encoding used to
1694: convert the input stream to the new encoding, set the <a href="#concept-encoding-confidence" title="concept-encoding-confidence">confidence</a> to
1695: <i>certain</i>, and abort these steps.</li>
1696:
1697: <li>Otherwise, <a href="history.html#navigate">navigate</a> to the document again, with
1698: <a href="history.html#replacement-enabled">replacement enabled</a>, and using the same <a href="history.html#source-browsing-context">source
1699: browsing context</a>, but this time skip the <a href="#encoding-sniffing-algorithm">encoding
1700: sniffing algorithm</a> and instead just set the encoding to the
1701: new encoding and the <a href="#concept-encoding-confidence" title="concept-encoding-confidence">confidence</a> to
1702: <i>certain</i>. Whenever possible, this should be done without
1703: actually contacting the network layer (the bytes should be
1704: re-parsed from memory), even if, e.g., the document is marked as
1705: not being cacheable. If this is not possible and contacting the
1706: network layer would involve repeating a request that uses a method
1707: other than HTTP GET (<a href="infrastructure.html#concept-http-equivalent-get" title="concept-http-equivalent-get">or
1708: equivalent</a> for non-HTTP URLs), then instead set the <a href="#concept-encoding-confidence" title="concept-encoding-confidence">confidence</a> to
1709: <i>certain</i> and ignore the new encoding. The resource will be
1710: misinterpreted. User agents may notify the user of the situation,
1711: to aid in application development.</li>
1712:
1.266 mike 1713: </ol></div><div class="impl">
1714:
1715: <h4 id="parse-state"><span class="secno">9.2.3 </span>Parse state</h4>
1.1 mike 1716:
1717: <h5 id="the-insertion-mode"><span class="secno">9.2.3.1 </span>The insertion mode</h5>
1718:
1719: <p>The <dfn id="insertion-mode">insertion mode</dfn> is a state variable that controls
1720: the primary operation of the tree construction stage.</p>
1721:
1722: <p>Initially, the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> is "<a href="#the-initial-insertion-mode" title="insertion mode: initial">initial</a>". It can change to
1723: "<a href="#the-before-html-insertion-mode" title="insertion mode: before html">before html</a>",
1724: "<a href="#the-before-head-insertion-mode" title="insertion mode: before head">before head</a>",
1725: "<a href="#parsing-main-inhead" title="insertion mode: in head">in head</a>", "<a href="#parsing-main-inheadnoscript" title="insertion mode: in head noscript">in head noscript</a>",
1.91 mike 1726: "<a href="#the-after-head-insertion-mode" title="insertion mode: after head">after head</a>", "<a href="#parsing-main-inbody" title="insertion mode: in body">in body</a>", "<a href="#parsing-main-incdata" title="insertion mode: in RAWTEXT/RCDATA">in RAWTEXT/RCDATA</a>",
1.1 mike 1727: "<a href="#parsing-main-intable" title="insertion mode: in table">in table</a>", "<a href="#parsing-main-intabletext" title="insertion mode: in table text">in table text</a>", "<a href="#parsing-main-incaption" title="insertion mode: in caption">in caption</a>", "<a href="#parsing-main-incolgroup" title="insertion mode: in column group">in column group</a>",
1728: "<a href="#parsing-main-intbody" title="insertion mode: in table body">in table body</a>",
1729: "<a href="#parsing-main-intr" title="insertion mode: in row">in row</a>", "<a href="#parsing-main-intd" title="insertion mode: in cell">in cell</a>", "<a href="#parsing-main-inselect" title="insertion mode: in select">in select</a>", "<a href="#parsing-main-inselectintable" title="insertion mode: in select in table">in select in
1730: table</a>", "<a href="#parsing-main-inforeign" title="insertion mode: in foreign content">in
1731: foreign content</a>", "<a href="#parsing-main-afterbody" title="insertion mode: after
1732: body">after body</a>", "<a href="#parsing-main-inframeset" title="insertion mode: in
1733: frameset">in frameset</a>", "<a href="#parsing-main-afterframeset" title="insertion mode: after
1734: frameset">after frameset</a>", "<a href="#the-after-after-body-insertion-mode" title="insertion mode:
1735: after after body">after after body</a>", and "<a href="#the-after-after-frameset-insertion-mode" title="insertion mode: after after frameset">after after
1736: frameset</a>" during the course of the parsing, as described in
1737: the <a href="#tree-construction">tree construction</a> stage. The insertion mode affects
1738: how tokens are processed and whether CDATA sections are
1739: supported.</p>
1740:
1741: <p>Seven of these modes, namely "<a href="#parsing-main-inhead" title="insertion mode: in
1742: head">in head</a>", "<a href="#parsing-main-inbody" title="insertion mode: in body">in
1743: body</a>", "<a href="#parsing-main-intable" title="insertion mode: in table">in
1744: table</a>", "<a href="#parsing-main-intbody" title="insertion mode: in table body">in table
1745: body</a>", "<a href="#parsing-main-intr" title="insertion mode: in row">in row</a>",
1746: "<a href="#parsing-main-intd" title="insertion mode: in cell">in cell</a>", and "<a href="#parsing-main-inselect" title="insertion mode: in select">in select</a>", are special, in
1747: that the other modes defer to them at various times. When the
1748: algorithm below says that the user agent is to do something
1749: "<dfn id="using-the-rules-for">using the rules for</dfn> the <var title="">m</var> insertion
1750: mode", where <var title="">m</var> is one of these modes, the user
1751: agent must use the rules described under the <var title="">m</var>
1752: <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a>'s section, but must leave the
1753: <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> unchanged unless the rules in <var title="">m</var> themselves switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a>
1754: to a new value.</p>
1755:
1756: <p>When the insertion mode is switched to "<a href="#parsing-main-incdata" title="insertion
1.91 mike 1757: mode: in RAWTEXT/RCDATA">in RAWTEXT/RCDATA</a>" or "<a href="#parsing-main-intabletext" title="insertion mode: in table text">in table text</a>", the
1.1 mike 1758: <dfn id="original-insertion-mode">original insertion mode</dfn> is also set. This is the
1759: insertion mode to which the tree construction stage will return.</p>
1760:
1761: <p>When the insertion mode is switched to "<a href="#parsing-main-inforeign" title="insertion
1762: mode: in foreign content">in foreign content</a>", the
1763: <dfn id="secondary-insertion-mode">secondary insertion mode</dfn> is also set. This secondary mode
1764: is used within the rules for the "<a href="#parsing-main-inforeign" title="insertion mode: in
1765: foreign content">in foreign content</a>" mode to handle HTML
1766: (i.e. not foreign) content.</p>
1767:
1768: <hr><p>When the steps below require the UA to <dfn id="reset-the-insertion-mode-appropriately">reset the insertion
1769: mode appropriately</dfn>, it means the UA must follow these
1770: steps:</p>
1771:
1772: <ol><li>Let <var title="">last</var> be false.</li>
1773:
1774: <li>Let <var title="">node</var> be the last node in the
1775: <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a>.</li>
1776:
1777: <li>If <var title="">node</var> is the first node in the stack of
1778: open elements, then set <var title="">last</var> to true and set
1779: <var title="">node</var> to the <var title="">context</var>
1780: element. (<a href="#fragment-case">fragment case</a>)</li>
1781:
1782: <li>If <var title="">node</var> is a <code><a href="forms.html#the-select-element">select</a></code> element,
1783: then switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to "<a href="#parsing-main-inselect" title="insertion mode: in select">in select</a>" and abort these
1784: steps. (<a href="#fragment-case">fragment case</a>)</li>
1785:
1786: <li>If <var title="">node</var> is a <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-td-element">td</a></code> or
1787: <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-th-element">th</a></code> element and <var title="">last</var> is false, then
1788: switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to "<a href="#parsing-main-intd" title="insertion
1789: mode: in cell">in cell</a>" and abort these steps.</li>
1790:
1791: <li>If <var title="">node</var> is a <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tr-element">tr</a></code> element, then
1792: switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to "<a href="#parsing-main-intr" title="insertion
1793: mode: in row">in row</a>" and abort these steps.</li>
1794:
1795: <li>If <var title="">node</var> is a <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tbody-element">tbody</a></code>,
1796: <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-thead-element">thead</a></code>, or <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tfoot-element">tfoot</a></code> element, then switch the
1797: <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to "<a href="#parsing-main-intbody" title="insertion mode: in
1798: table body">in table body</a>" and abort these steps.</li>
1799:
1800: <li>If <var title="">node</var> is a <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-caption-element">caption</a></code> element,
1801: then switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to "<a href="#parsing-main-incaption" title="insertion mode: in caption">in caption</a>" and abort
1802: these steps.</li>
1803:
1804: <li>If <var title="">node</var> is a <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-colgroup-element">colgroup</a></code> element,
1805: then switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to "<a href="#parsing-main-incolgroup" title="insertion mode: in column group">in column group</a>" and
1806: abort these steps. (<a href="#fragment-case">fragment case</a>)</li>
1807:
1808: <li>If <var title="">node</var> is a <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-table-element">table</a></code> element,
1809: then switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to "<a href="#parsing-main-intable" title="insertion mode: in table">in table</a>" and abort these
1810: steps.</li>
1811:
1812: <li>If <var title="">node</var> is an element from the <a href="#mathml-namespace">MathML
1813: namespace</a> or the <a href="#svg-namespace">SVG namespace</a>, then switch the
1814: <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to "<a href="#parsing-main-inforeign" title="insertion mode: in
1815: foreign content">in foreign content</a>", let the
1816: <a href="#secondary-insertion-mode">secondary insertion mode</a> be "<a href="#parsing-main-inbody" title="insertion
1817: mode: in body">in body</a>", and abort these steps.</li>
1818:
1.159 mike 1819: <li>If <var title="">node</var> is a <code><a href="semantics.html#the-head-element-0">head</a></code> element,
1.1 mike 1820: then switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to "<a href="#parsing-main-inbody" title="insertion mode: in body">in body</a>" ("<a href="#parsing-main-inbody" title="insertion mode: in body">in body</a>"! <em> not "<a href="#parsing-main-inhead" title="insertion mode: in head">in head</a>"</em>!) and abort
1821: these steps. (<a href="#fragment-case">fragment case</a>)</li> <!-- This is only
1822: here for now in case people think that the spec accidentally
1823: omitted it and try to "fix" it. Note that noscript-in-head is also
1824: handled this way. This is all intentional. The only thing it
1825: doesn't handle is the scripting-disabled fragment parsing case for
1826: a <head> element containing a <noscript> which itself contains
1827: something other than a <link> or a <style> element; you'd expect
1828: that to break out of the <noscript> but it doesn't. This is an edge
1829: case that doesn't affect the spec, since the algorithm for fragment
1830: parsing is only used for innerHTML/outerHTML/insertAdjacentHTML(),
1.333 mike 1831: where we know scripting is enabled. -->
1.1 mike 1832:
1.159 mike 1833: <li>If <var title="">node</var> is a <code><a href="semantics.html#the-body-element-0">body</a></code> element,
1.1 mike 1834: then switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to "<a href="#parsing-main-inbody" title="insertion mode: in body">in body</a>" and abort these
1835: steps.</li>
1836:
1.5 mike 1837: <li>If <var title="">node</var> is a <code><a href="obsolete.html#frameset">frameset</a></code> element,
1.1 mike 1838: then switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to "<a href="#parsing-main-inframeset" title="insertion mode: in frameset">in frameset</a>" and abort
1839: these steps. (<a href="#fragment-case">fragment case</a>)</li>
1840:
1.159 mike 1841: <li>If <var title="">node</var> is an <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element-0">html</a></code> element,
1.333 mike 1842: then <!--: if the <span><code title="">head</code> element
1843: pointer</span> is null,--> switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a>
1844: to "<a href="#the-before-head-insertion-mode" title="insertion mode: before head">before
1845: head</a>"<!--, otherwise, switch the <span>insertion mode</span>
1846: to "<span title="insertion mode: after head">after head</span>".-->
1847: Then, <!-- in either case, --> abort these steps. (<a href="#fragment-case">fragment
1848: case</a>)</li> <!-- if the head element pointer can ever be
1849: non-null when we're going through these steps, we'll need to
1850: uncomment out the commented-out bits -->
1.1 mike 1851:
1852: <li>If <var title="">last</var> is true, then switch the
1853: <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to "<a href="#parsing-main-inbody" title="insertion mode: in
1854: body">in body</a>" and abort these steps. (<a href="#fragment-case">fragment
1855: case</a>)</li>
1856:
1857: <li>Let <var title="">node</var> now be the node before <var title="">node</var> in the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open
1858: elements</a>.</li>
1859:
1860: <li>Return to step 3.</li>
1861:
1862: </ol><h5 id="the-stack-of-open-elements"><span class="secno">9.2.3.2 </span>The stack of open elements</h5>
1863:
1864: <p>Initially, the <dfn id="stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</dfn> is empty. The
1865: stack grows downwards; the topmost node on the stack is the first
1866: one added to the stack, and the bottommost node of the stack is the
1867: most recently added node in the stack (notwithstanding when the
1868: stack is manipulated in a random access fashion as part of <a href="#adoptionAgency">the handling for misnested tags</a>).</p>
1869:
1870: <p>The "<a href="#the-before-html-insertion-mode" title="insertion mode: before html">before
1871: html</a>" <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> creates the
1.159 mike 1872: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element-0">html</a></code> root element node, which is then added to the
1.1 mike 1873: stack.</p>
1874:
1875: <p>In the <a href="#fragment-case">fragment case</a>, the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open
1.159 mike 1876: elements</a> is initialized to contain an <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element-0">html</a></code>
1.1 mike 1877: element that is created as part of <a href="#html-fragment-parsing-algorithm" title="html fragment
1878: parsing algorithm">that algorithm</a>. (The <a href="#fragment-case">fragment
1879: case</a> skips the "<a href="#the-before-html-insertion-mode" title="insertion mode: before
1880: html">before html</a>" <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a>.)</p>
1881:
1.159 mike 1882: <p>The <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element-0">html</a></code> node, however it is created, is the topmost
1.1 mike 1883: node of the stack. It never gets popped off the stack.</p>
1884:
1885: <p>The <dfn id="current-node">current node</dfn> is the bottommost node in this
1886: stack.</p>
1887:
1888: <p>The <dfn id="current-table">current table</dfn> is the last <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-table-element">table</a></code>
1889: element in the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a>, if there is
1890: one. If there is no <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-table-element">table</a></code> element in the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of
1891: open elements</a> (<a href="#fragment-case">fragment case</a>), then the
1892: <a href="#current-table">current table</a> is the first element in the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack
1.159 mike 1893: of open elements</a> (the <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element-0">html</a></code> element).</p>
1.1 mike 1894:
1895: <p>Elements in the stack fall into the following categories:</p>
1896:
1897: <dl><dt><dfn id="special">Special</dfn></dt>
1898:
1899: <dd><p>The following HTML elements have varying levels of special
1900: parsing rules: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-address-element">address</a></code>, <code><a href="the-canvas-element.html#the-area-element">area</a></code>,
1901: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-article-element">article</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-aside-element">aside</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-base-element">base</a></code>,
1.5 mike 1902: <code><a href="obsolete.html#basefont">basefont</a></code>, <code>bgsound</code>,
1.159 mike 1903: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-blockquote-element">blockquote</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-body-element-0">body</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-br-element">br</a></code>,
1.5 mike 1904: <code><a href="obsolete.html#center">center</a></code>, <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-col-element">col</a></code>, <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-colgroup-element">colgroup</a></code>,
1.86 mike 1905: <code><a href="interactive-elements.html#the-command">command</a></code>, <!--v2DDATAGRID--><code>datagrid</code>,
1.422 mike 1906: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-dd-element">dd</a></code>, <code><a href="interactive-elements.html#the-details-element">details</a></code>, <code><a href="obsolete.html#dir">dir</a></code>,
1907: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-div-element">div</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-dl-element">dl</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-dt-element">dt</a></code>,
1908: <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-embed-element">embed</a></code>, <code><a href="forms.html#the-fieldset-element">fieldset</a></code>, <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-figure-element">figure</a></code>,
1909: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-footer-element">footer</a></code>, <code><a href="forms.html#the-form-element">form</a></code>, <code><a href="obsolete.html#frame">frame</a></code>,
1910: <code><a href="obsolete.html#frameset">frameset</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-h1-h2-h3-h4-h5-and-h6-elements">h1</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-h1-h2-h3-h4-h5-and-h6-elements">h2</a></code>,
1911: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-h1-h2-h3-h4-h5-and-h6-elements">h3</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-h1-h2-h3-h4-h5-and-h6-elements">h4</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-h1-h2-h3-h4-h5-and-h6-elements">h5</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-h1-h2-h3-h4-h5-and-h6-elements">h6</a></code>,
1912: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-head-element-0">head</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-header-element">header</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-hgroup-element">hgroup</a></code>,
1913: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-hr-element">hr</a></code>, <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-iframe-element">iframe</a></code>, <!-- <code>image</code>,
1914: (commented out because this isn't an element that can end up on the
1915: stack, so it doesn't matter) --> <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-img-element">img</a></code>,
1916: <code><a href="forms.html#the-input-element">input</a></code>, <code><a href="obsolete.html#isindex-0">isindex</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-li-element">li</a></code>,
1917: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-link-element">link</a></code>, <code><a href="obsolete.html#listing">listing</a></code>, <code><a href="interactive-elements.html#menus">menu</a></code>,
1918: <code><a href="semantics.html#meta">meta</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-nav-element">nav</a></code>, <code><a href="obsolete.html#noembed">noembed</a></code>,
1919: <code><a href="obsolete.html#noframes">noframes</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-noscript-element">noscript</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-ol-element">ol</a></code>,
1920: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-p-element">p</a></code>, <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-param-element">param</a></code>, <code><a href="obsolete.html#plaintext">plaintext</a></code>,
1921: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-pre-element">pre</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#script">script</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-section-element">section</a></code>,
1922: <code><a href="forms.html#the-select-element">select</a></code>, <code><a href="obsolete.html#spacer">spacer</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-style-element">style</a></code>,
1923: <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tbody-element">tbody</a></code>, <code><a href="forms.html#the-textarea-element">textarea</a></code>, <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tfoot-element">tfoot</a></code>,
1924: <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-thead-element">thead</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-title-element-0">title</a></code>, <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tr-element">tr</a></code>,
1925: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-ul-element">ul</a></code>, <code>wbr</code>, and <code><a href="obsolete.html#xmp">xmp</a></code>.</p></dd>
1.1 mike 1926:
1927: <dt><dfn id="scoping">Scoping</dfn></dt>
1928: <dd><p>The following HTML elements introduce new <a href="#has-an-element-in-scope" title="has
1929: an element in scope">scopes</a> for various parts of the
1.5 mike 1930: parsing: <code><a href="obsolete.html#the-applet-element">applet</a></code>, <code><a href="forms.html#the-button-element">button</a></code>,
1.159 mike 1931: <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-caption-element">caption</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element-0">html</a></code>, <code><a href="obsolete.html#the-marquee-element">marquee</a></code>,
1932: <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-object-element">object</a></code>, <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-table-element">table</a></code>, <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-td-element">td</a></code>,
1.1 mike 1933: <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-th-element">th</a></code>, and SVG's <code>foreignObject</code>.</p></dd>
1934:
1935: <dt><dfn id="formatting">Formatting</dfn></dt>
1936: <dd><p>The following HTML elements are those that end up in the
1937: <a href="#list-of-active-formatting-elements">list of active formatting elements</a>: <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-a-element">a</a></code>,
1.5 mike 1938: <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-b-element">b</a></code>, <code><a href="obsolete.html#big">big</a></code>, <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-code-element">code</a></code>,
1939: <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-em-element">em</a></code>, <code><a href="obsolete.html#font">font</a></code>, <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-i-element">i</a></code>,
1940: <code>nobr</code>, <code><a href="obsolete.html#s">s</a></code>, <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-small-element">small</a></code>,
1941: <code><a href="obsolete.html#strike">strike</a></code>, <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-strong-element">strong</a></code>, <code><a href="obsolete.html#tt">tt</a></code>, and
1942: <code><a href="obsolete.html#u">u</a></code>.</p></dd>
1.1 mike 1943:
1944: <dt><dfn id="phrasing">Phrasing</dfn></dt>
1945: <dd><p>All other elements found while parsing an HTML
1946: document.</p></dd>
1947:
1.234 mike 1948: </dl><p>The <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> is said to <dfn id="has-an-element-in-the-specific-scope" title="has an element in the specific scope">have an element in a
1949: specific scope</dfn> consisting of a list of element types <var title="">list</var> when the following algorithm terminates in a
1950: match state:</p>
1.1 mike 1951:
1952: <ol><li><p>Initialize <var title="">node</var> to be the <a href="#current-node">current
1953: node</a> (the bottommost node of the stack).</p></li>
1954:
1955: <li><p>If <var title="">node</var> is the target node, terminate in
1956: a match state.</p></li>
1957:
1.234 mike 1958: <li><p>Otherwise, if <var title="">node</var> is one of the element
1959: types in <var title="">list</var>, terminate in a failure
1960: state.</p></li>
1.1 mike 1961:
1962: <li><p>Otherwise, set <var title="">node</var> to the previous
1963: entry in the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> and return to step
1964: 2. (This will never fail, since the loop will always terminate in
1965: the previous step if the top of the stack — an
1.159 mike 1966: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element-0">html</a></code> element — is reached.)</p></li>
1.1 mike 1967:
1.234 mike 1968: </ol><p>The <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> is said to <dfn id="has-an-element-in-scope" title="has an element in scope">have an element in scope</dfn> when
1969: it <a href="#has-an-element-in-the-specific-scope">has an element in the specific scope</a> consisting
1970: of the following element types:</p>
1971:
1972: <ul class="brief"><li><code><a href="obsolete.html#the-applet-element">applet</a></code> in the HTML namespace</li>
1973: <li><code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-caption-element">caption</a></code> in the HTML namespace</li>
1974: <li><code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element-0">html</a></code> in the HTML namespace</li> <!-- (This can only happen if the <var title="">node</var> is the topmost node of the <span>stack of open elements</span>, and prevents the next step from being invoked if there are no more elements in the stack.) -->
1975: <li><code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-table-element">table</a></code> in the HTML namespace</li>
1976: <li><code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-td-element">td</a></code> in the HTML namespace</li>
1977: <li><code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-th-element">th</a></code> in the HTML namespace</li>
1978: <li><code><a href="forms.html#the-button-element">button</a></code> in the HTML namespace</li>
1979: <li><code><a href="obsolete.html#the-marquee-element">marquee</a></code> in the HTML namespace</li>
1980: <li><code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-object-element">object</a></code> in the HTML namespace</li>
1981: <li><code title="">foreignObject</code> in the SVG namespace</li>
1982: </ul><p>The <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> is said to <dfn id="has-an-element-in-list-item-scope" title="has an element in list item scope">have an element in list
1983: item scope</dfn> when it <a href="#has-an-element-in-the-specific-scope">has an element in the specific
1984: scope</a> consisting of the following element types:</p>
1985:
1986: <ul class="brief"><li>All the element types listed above for the <i><a href="#has-an-element-in-scope">has an element
1987: in scope</a></i> algorithm.</li>
1988: <li><code><a href="semantics.html#the-ol-element">ol</a></code> in the HTML namespace</li>
1989: <li><code><a href="semantics.html#the-ul-element">ul</a></code> in the HTML namespace</li>
1990: </ul><p>The <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> is said to <dfn id="has-an-element-in-table-scope" title="has an element in table scope">have an element in <em>table
1991: scope</em></dfn> when it <a href="#has-an-element-in-the-specific-scope">has an element in the specific
1992: scope</a> consisting of the following element types:</p>
1993:
1994: <ul class="brief"><li><code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element-0">html</a></code> in the HTML namespace</li> <!-- (This can only happen if the <var title="">node</var> is the topmost node of the <span>stack of open elements</span>, and prevents the next step from being invoked if there are no more elements in the stack.) -->
1995: <li><code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-table-element">table</a></code> in the HTML namespace</li>
1996: </ul><p>Nothing happens if at any time any of the elements in the
1.1 mike 1997: <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> are moved to a new location in,
1998: or removed from, the <code>Document</code> tree. In particular, the
1999: stack is not changed in this situation. This can cause, amongst
2000: other strange effects, content to be appended to nodes that are no
2001: longer in the DOM.</p>
2002:
2003: <p class="note">In some cases (namely, when <a href="#adoptionAgency">closing misnested formatting elements</a>),
2004: the stack is manipulated in a random-access fashion.</p>
2005:
2006:
2007: <h5 id="the-list-of-active-formatting-elements"><span class="secno">9.2.3.3 </span>The list of active formatting elements</h5>
2008:
2009: <p>Initially, the <dfn id="list-of-active-formatting-elements">list of active formatting elements</dfn> is
2010: empty. It is used to handle mis-nested <a href="#formatting" title="formatting">formatting element tags</a>.</p>
2011:
2012: <p>The list contains elements in the <a href="#formatting">formatting</a>
2013: category, and scope markers. The scope markers are inserted when
1.159 mike 2014: entering <code><a href="obsolete.html#the-applet-element">applet</a></code> elements, buttons, <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-object-element">object</a></code>
1.1 mike 2015: elements, marquees, table cells, and table captions, and are used to
1.5 mike 2016: prevent formatting from "leaking" <em>into</em> <code><a href="obsolete.html#the-applet-element">applet</a></code>
1.159 mike 2017: elements, buttons, <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-object-element">object</a></code> elements, marquees, and
1.1 mike 2018: tables.</p>
2019:
2020: <p class="note">The scope markers are unrelated to the concept of an
2021: element being <a href="#has-an-element-in-scope" title="has an element in scope">in
2022: scope</a>.</p>
2023:
2024: <p>In addition, each element in the <a href="#list-of-active-formatting-elements">list of active formatting
2025: elements</a> is associated with the token for which it was
2026: created, so that further elements can be created for that token if
2027: necessary.</p>
2028:
2029: <p>When the steps below require the UA to <dfn id="reconstruct-the-active-formatting-elements">reconstruct the
2030: active formatting elements</dfn>, the UA must perform the following
2031: steps:</p>
2032:
2033: <ol><li>If there are no entries in the <a href="#list-of-active-formatting-elements">list of active formatting
2034: elements</a>, then there is nothing to reconstruct; stop this
2035: algorithm.</li>
2036:
2037: <li>If the last (most recently added) entry in the <a href="#list-of-active-formatting-elements">list of
2038: active formatting elements</a> is a marker, or if it is an
2039: element that is in the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a>, then
2040: there is nothing to reconstruct; stop this algorithm.</li>
2041:
2042: <li>Let <var title="">entry</var> be the last (most recently added)
2043: element in the <a href="#list-of-active-formatting-elements">list of active formatting
2044: elements</a>.</li>
2045:
2046: <li>If there are no entries before <var title="">entry</var> in the
2047: <a href="#list-of-active-formatting-elements">list of active formatting elements</a>, then jump to step
2048: 8.</li>
2049:
2050: <li>Let <var title="">entry</var> be the entry one earlier than
2051: <var title="">entry</var> in the <a href="#list-of-active-formatting-elements">list of active formatting
2052: elements</a>.</li>
2053:
2054: <li>If <var title="">entry</var> is neither a marker nor an element
2055: that is also in the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a>, go to step
2056: 4.</li>
2057:
2058: <li>Let <var title="">entry</var> be the element one later than
2059: <var title="">entry</var> in the <a href="#list-of-active-formatting-elements">list of active formatting
2060: elements</a>.</li>
2061:
2062: <li><a href="#create-an-element-for-the-token">Create an element for the token</a> for which the
2063: element <var title="">entry</var> was created, to obtain <var title="">new element</var>.</li>
2064:
2065: <li>Append <var title="">new element</var> to the <a href="#current-node">current
2066: node</a> and push it onto the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open
2067: elements</a> so that it is the new <a href="#current-node">current
2068: node</a>.</li>
2069:
2070: <li>Replace the entry for <var title="">entry</var> in the list
2071: with an entry for <var title="">new element</var>.</li>
2072:
2073: <li>If the entry for <var title="">new element</var> in the
2074: <a href="#list-of-active-formatting-elements">list of active formatting elements</a> is not the last
2075: entry in the list, return to step 7.</li>
2076:
2077: </ol><p>This has the effect of reopening all the formatting elements that
2078: were opened in the current body, cell, or caption (whichever is
2079: youngest) that haven't been explicitly closed.</p>
2080:
2081: <p class="note">The way this specification is written, the
2082: <a href="#list-of-active-formatting-elements">list of active formatting elements</a> always consists of
2083: elements in chronological order with the least recently added
2084: element first and the most recently added element last (except for
2085: while steps 8 to 11 of the above algorithm are being executed, of
2086: course).</p>
2087:
2088: <p>When the steps below require the UA to <dfn id="clear-the-list-of-active-formatting-elements-up-to-the-last-marker">clear the list of
2089: active formatting elements up to the last marker</dfn>, the UA must
2090: perform the following steps:</p>
2091:
2092: <ol><li>Let <var title="">entry</var> be the last (most recently added)
2093: entry in the <a href="#list-of-active-formatting-elements">list of active formatting elements</a>.</li>
2094:
2095: <li>Remove <var title="">entry</var> from the <a href="#list-of-active-formatting-elements">list of active
2096: formatting elements</a>.</li>
2097:
2098: <li>If <var title="">entry</var> was a marker, then stop the
2099: algorithm at this point. The list has been cleared up to the last
2100: marker.</li>
2101:
2102: <li>Go to step 1.</li>
2103:
2104: </ol><h5 id="the-element-pointers"><span class="secno">9.2.3.4 </span>The element pointers</h5>
2105:
2106: <p>Initially, the <dfn id="head-element-pointer"><code title="">head</code> element
2107: pointer</dfn> and the <dfn id="form-element-pointer"><code title="">form</code> element
2108: pointer</dfn> are both null.</p>
2109:
1.159 mike 2110: <p>Once a <code><a href="semantics.html#the-head-element-0">head</a></code> element has been parsed (whether
1.1 mike 2111: implicitly or explicitly) the <a href="#head-element-pointer"><code title="">head</code>
2112: element pointer</a> gets set to point to this node.</p>
2113:
2114: <p>The <a href="#form-element-pointer"><code title="">form</code> element pointer</a>
2115: points to the last <code><a href="forms.html#the-form-element">form</a></code> element that was opened and
2116: whose end tag has not yet been seen. It is used to make form
2117: controls associate with forms in the face of dramatically bad
2118: markup, for historical reasons.</p>
2119:
2120:
2121: <h5 id="other-parsing-state-flags"><span class="secno">9.2.3.5 </span>Other parsing state flags</h5>
2122:
2123: <p>The <dfn id="scripting-flag">scripting flag</dfn> is set to "enabled" if <a href="browsers.html#concept-n-script" title="concept-n-script">scripting was enabled</a> for the
2124: <code>Document</code> with which the parser is associated when the
2125: parser was created, and "disabled" otherwise.</p>
2126:
2127: <p class="note">The <a href="#scripting-flag">scripting flag</a> can be enabled even
2128: when the parser was originally created for the <a href="#html-fragment-parsing-algorithm">HTML fragment
2129: parsing algorithm</a>, even though <code><a href="semantics.html#script">script</a></code> elements
2130: don't execute in that case.</p>
2131:
2132: <p>The <dfn id="frameset-ok-flag">frameset-ok flag</dfn> is set to "ok" when the parser is
2133: created. It is set to "not ok" after certain tokens are seen.</p>
2134:
1.266 mike 2135: </div><div class="impl">
1.1 mike 2136:
1.159 mike 2137: <h4 id="tokenization"><span class="secno">9.2.4 </span><dfn>Tokenization</dfn></h4><p class="XXX annotation"><b>Status: </b><i>Last call for comments</i></p>
1.1 mike 2138:
2139: <p>Implementations must act as if they used the following state
2140: machine to tokenize HTML. The state machine must start in the
2141: <a href="#data-state">data state</a>. Most states consume a single character,
2142: which may have various side-effects, and either switches the state
2143: machine to a new state to <em>reconsume</em> the same character, or
2144: switches it to a new state (to consume the next character), or
2145: repeats the same state (to consume the next character). Some states
2146: have more complicated behavior and can consume several characters
2147: before switching to another state.</p>
2148:
2149: <p>The exact behavior of certain states depends on a <dfn id="content-model-flag">content
2150: model flag</dfn> that is set after certain tokens are emitted. The
1.91 mike 2151: flag has several states: <i title="">PCDATA</i>, <i title="">RCDATA</i>, <i title="">RAWTEXT</i>, and <i title="">PLAINTEXT</i>. Initially, it must be in the PCDATA
2152: state. In the RCDATA and RAWTEXT states, a further <dfn id="escape-flag">escape
1.1 mike 2153: flag</dfn> is used to control the behavior of the tokenizer. It is
2154: either true or false, and initially must be set to the false
2155: state. The <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> and the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open
2156: elements</a> also affects tokenization.</p>
2157:
2158: <p>The output of the tokenization step is a series of zero or more
2159: of the following tokens: DOCTYPE, start tag, end tag, comment,
2160: character, end-of-file. DOCTYPE tokens have a name, a public
2161: identifier, a system identifier, and a <i>force-quirks
2162: flag</i>. When a DOCTYPE token is created, its name, public
2163: identifier, and system identifier must be marked as missing (which
2164: is a distinct state from the empty string), and the <i>force-quirks
2165: flag</i> must be set to <i>off</i> (its other state is
2166: <i>on</i>). Start and end tag tokens have a tag name, a
2167: <i>self-closing flag</i>, and a list of attributes, each of which
2168: has a name and a value. When a start or end tag token is created,
2169: its <i>self-closing flag</i> must be unset (its other state is that
2170: it be set), and its attributes list must be empty. Comment and
2171: character tokens have data.</p>
2172:
2173: <p>When a token is emitted, it must immediately be handled by the
2174: <a href="#tree-construction">tree construction</a> stage. The tree construction stage
2175: can affect the state of the <a href="#content-model-flag">content model flag</a>, and can
2176: insert additional characters into the stream. (For example, the
2177: <code><a href="semantics.html#script">script</a></code> element can result in scripts executing and
1.159 mike 2178: using the <a href="embedded-content-0.html#dynamic-markup-insertion">dynamic markup insertion</a> APIs to insert
1.1 mike 2179: characters into the stream being tokenized.)</p>
2180:
2181: <p>When a start tag token is emitted with its <i>self-closing
2182: flag</i> set, if the flag is not <dfn id="acknowledge-self-closing-flag" title="acknowledge
2183: self-closing flag">acknowledged</dfn> when it is processed by the
2184: tree construction stage, that is a <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a>.</p>
2185:
2186: <p>When an end tag token is emitted, the <a href="#content-model-flag">content model
2187: flag</a> must be switched to the PCDATA state.</p>
2188:
2189: <p>When an end tag token is emitted with attributes, that is a
2190: <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a>.</p>
2191:
2192: <p>When an end tag token is emitted with its <i>self-closing
2193: flag</i> set, that is a <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a>.</p>
2194:
2195: <p>Before each step of the tokenizer, the user agent must first
2196: check the <a href="#parser-pause-flag">parser pause flag</a>. If it is true, then the
2197: tokenizer must abort the processing of any nested invocations of the
1.479 mike 2198: tokenizer, yielding control back to the caller.</p>
1.1 mike 2199:
2200: <p>The tokenizer state machine consists of the states defined in the
2201: following subsections.</p>
2202:
1.333 mike 2203: <!-- Order of the lists below is supposed to be non-error then
2204: error, by unicode, then EOF, ending with "anything else" -->
1.1 mike 2205:
2206: <h5 id="data-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.1 </span><dfn>Data state</dfn></h5>
2207:
2208: <p>Consume the <a href="#next-input-character">next input character</a>:</p>
2209:
2210: <dl class="switch"><dt>U+0026 AMPERSAND (&)</dt>
2211: <dd>When the <a href="#content-model-flag">content model flag</a> is set to one of the
2212: PCDATA or RCDATA states and the <a href="#escape-flag">escape flag</a> is
1.299 mike 2213: false: switch to the <a href="#character-reference-in-data-state">character reference in data
1.56 mike 2214: state</a>.</dd>
2215: <dd>Otherwise: treat it as per the "anything else" entry
2216: below.</dd>
1.1 mike 2217:
2218: <dt>U+002D HYPHEN-MINUS (-)</dt>
2219: <dd>
2220:
2221: <p>If the <a href="#content-model-flag">content model flag</a> is set to either the
1.91 mike 2222: RCDATA state or the RAWTEXT state, and the <a href="#escape-flag">escape flag</a>
1.1 mike 2223: is false, and there are at least three characters before this
2224: one in the input stream, and the last four characters in the
2225: input stream, including this one, are U+003C LESS-THAN SIGN,
2226: U+0021 EXCLAMATION MARK, U+002D HYPHEN-MINUS, and U+002D
2227: HYPHEN-MINUS ("<!--"), then set the <a href="#escape-flag">escape flag</a>
2228: to true.</p>
2229:
2230: <p>In any case, emit the input character as a character
2231: token. Stay in the <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</p>
2232:
2233: </dd>
2234:
2235: <dt>U+003C LESS-THAN SIGN (<)</dt>
2236: <dd>When the <a href="#content-model-flag">content model flag</a> is set to the PCDATA
2237: state: switch to the <a href="#tag-open-state">tag open state</a>.</dd>
2238: <dd>When the <a href="#content-model-flag">content model flag</a> is set to either the
1.91 mike 2239: RCDATA state or the RAWTEXT state, and the <a href="#escape-flag">escape flag</a>
1.1 mike 2240: is false: switch to the <a href="#tag-open-state">tag open state</a>.</dd>
2241: <dd>Otherwise: treat it as per the "anything else" entry
2242: below.</dd>
2243:
2244: <dt>U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN (>)</dt>
2245: <dd>
2246:
2247: <p>If the <a href="#content-model-flag">content model flag</a> is set to either the
1.91 mike 2248: RCDATA state or the RAWTEXT state, and the <a href="#escape-flag">escape
1.1 mike 2249: flag</a> is true, and the last three characters in the input
2250: stream including this one are U+002D HYPHEN-MINUS, U+002D
2251: HYPHEN-MINUS, U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN ("-->"), set the
2252: <a href="#escape-flag">escape flag</a> to false.</p> <!-- no need to check
2253: that there are enough characters, since you can only run into
2254: this if the flag is true in the first place, which requires four
2255: characters. -->
2256:
2257: <p>In any case, emit the input character as a character
2258: token. Stay in the <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</p>
2259:
2260: </dd>
2261:
2262: <dt>EOF</dt>
2263: <dd>Emit an end-of-file token.</dd>
2264:
2265: <dt>Anything else</dt>
2266: <dd>Emit the input character as a character token. Stay in the
2267: <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd>
2268:
1.299 mike 2269: </dl><h5 id="character-reference-in-data-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.2 </span><dfn>Character reference in data state</dfn></h5>
1.1 mike 2270:
2271: <p><i>(This cannot happen if the <a href="#content-model-flag">content model flag</a>
1.91 mike 2272: is set to the RAWTEXT state.)</i></p>
1.1 mike 2273:
2274: <p>Attempt to <a href="#consume-a-character-reference">consume a character reference</a>, with no
2275: <a href="#additional-allowed-character">additional allowed character</a>.</p>
2276:
2277: <p>If nothing is returned, emit a U+0026 AMPERSAND character
2278: token.</p>
2279:
2280: <p>Otherwise, emit the character token that was returned.</p>
2281:
2282: <p>Finally, switch to the <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</p>
2283:
2284:
2285: <h5 id="tag-open-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.3 </span><dfn>Tag open state</dfn></h5>
2286:
2287: <p>The behavior of this state depends on the <a href="#content-model-flag">content model
2288: flag</a>.</p>
2289:
2290: <dl><dt>If the <a href="#content-model-flag">content model flag</a> is set to the RCDATA
1.91 mike 2291: or RAWTEXT states</dt>
1.1 mike 2292:
2293: <dd>
2294:
2295: <p>Consume the <a href="#next-input-character">next input character</a>. If it is a
1.464 mike 2296: U+002F SOLIDUS character (/), switch to the <a href="#close-tag-open-state">close tag open
1.1 mike 2297: state</a>. Otherwise, emit a U+003C LESS-THAN SIGN character
2298: token and reconsume the <a href="#current-input-character">current input character</a> in the
2299: <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</p>
2300:
2301: </dd>
2302:
2303: <dt>If the <a href="#content-model-flag">content model flag</a> is set to the PCDATA
2304: state</dt>
2305:
2306: <dd>
2307:
2308: <p>Consume the <a href="#next-input-character">next input character</a>:</p>
2309:
2310: <dl class="switch"><dt>U+0021 EXCLAMATION MARK (!)</dt>
2311: <dd>Switch to the <a href="#markup-declaration-open-state">markup declaration open state</a>.</dd>
2312:
2313: <dt>U+002F SOLIDUS (/)</dt>
2314: <dd>Switch to the <a href="#close-tag-open-state">close tag open state</a>.</dd>
2315:
2316: <dt>U+0041 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A through to U+005A LATIN CAPITAL LETTER Z</dt>
2317: <dd>Create a new start tag token, set its tag name to the
2318: lowercase version of the input character (add 0x0020 to the
2319: character's code point), then switch to the <a href="#tag-name-state">tag name
2320: state</a>. (Don't emit the token yet; further details will
2321: be filled in before it is emitted.)</dd>
2322:
2323: <dt>U+0061 LATIN SMALL LETTER A through to U+007A LATIN SMALL LETTER Z</dt>
2324: <dd>Create a new start tag token, set its tag name to the input
2325: character, then switch to the <a href="#tag-name-state">tag name
2326: state</a>. (Don't emit the token yet; further details will
2327: be filled in before it is emitted.)</dd>
2328:
2329: <dt>U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN (>)</dt>
2330: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Emit a U+003C LESS-THAN SIGN
2331: character token and a U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN character
2332: token. Switch to the <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd>
2333:
2334: <dt>U+003F QUESTION MARK (?)</dt>
2335: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Switch to the <a href="#bogus-comment-state">bogus
2336: comment state</a>.</dd>
2337:
2338: <dt>Anything else</dt>
2339: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Emit a U+003C LESS-THAN SIGN
2340: character token and reconsume the <a href="#current-input-character">current input character</a> in the
2341: <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd>
2342:
2343: </dl></dd>
2344:
2345: </dl><h5 id="close-tag-open-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.4 </span><dfn>Close tag open state</dfn></h5>
2346:
2347: <p>If the <a href="#content-model-flag">content model flag</a> is set to the RCDATA or
1.91 mike 2348: RAWTEXT states but no start tag token has ever been emitted by this
1.1 mike 2349: instance of the tokenizer (<a href="#fragment-case">fragment case</a>), or, if the
1.91 mike 2350: <a href="#content-model-flag">content model flag</a> is set to the RCDATA or RAWTEXT states
1.1 mike 2351: and the next few characters do not match the tag name of the last
2352: start tag token emitted (compared in an <a href="infrastructure.html#ascii-case-insensitive">ASCII
2353: case-insensitive</a> manner), or if they do but they are not
2354: immediately followed by one of the following characters:</p>
2355:
2356: <ul class="brief"><li>U+0009 CHARACTER TABULATION</li>
2357: <li>U+000A LINE FEED (LF)</li>
2358: <li>U+000C FORM FEED (FF)</li>
2359: <!--<li>U+000D CARRIAGE RETURN (CR)</li>-->
2360: <li>U+0020 SPACE</li>
2361: <li>U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN (>)</li>
2362: <li>U+002F SOLIDUS (/)</li>
2363: <li>EOF</li>
2364: </ul><p>...then emit a U+003C LESS-THAN SIGN character token, a U+002F
2365: SOLIDUS character token, and switch to the <a href="#data-state">data state</a>
2366: to process the <a href="#next-input-character">next input character</a>.</p>
2367:
2368: <p>Otherwise, if the <a href="#content-model-flag">content model flag</a> is set to the
2369: PCDATA state, or if the next few characters <em>do</em> match that tag
2370: name, consume the <a href="#next-input-character">next input character</a>:</p>
2371:
2372: <dl class="switch"><dt>U+0041 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A through to U+005A LATIN CAPITAL LETTER Z</dt>
2373: <dd>Create a new end tag token, set its tag name to the lowercase
2374: version of the input character (add 0x0020 to the character's
2375: code point), then switch to the <a href="#tag-name-state">tag name
2376: state</a>. (Don't emit the token yet; further details will be
2377: filled in before it is emitted.)</dd>
2378:
2379: <dt>U+0061 LATIN SMALL LETTER A through to U+007A LATIN SMALL LETTER Z</dt>
2380: <dd>Create a new end tag token, set its tag name to the input
2381: character, then switch to the <a href="#tag-name-state">tag name state</a>. (Don't
2382: emit the token yet; further details will be filled in before it
2383: is emitted.)</dd>
2384:
2385: <dt>U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN (>)</dt>
2386: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Switch to the <a href="#data-state">data
2387: state</a>.</dd>
2388:
2389: <dt>EOF</dt>
2390: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Emit a U+003C LESS-THAN SIGN
2391: character token and a U+002F SOLIDUS character token. Reconsume
2392: the EOF character in the <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd>
2393:
2394: <dt>Anything else</dt>
2395: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Switch to the <a href="#bogus-comment-state">bogus
2396: comment state</a>.</dd>
2397:
2398: </dl><h5 id="tag-name-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.5 </span><dfn>Tag name state</dfn></h5>
2399:
2400: <p>Consume the <a href="#next-input-character">next input character</a>:</p>
2401:
2402: <dl class="switch"><dt>U+0009 CHARACTER TABULATION</dt>
2403: <dt>U+000A LINE FEED (LF)</dt>
2404: <dt>U+000C FORM FEED (FF)</dt>
2405: <!--<dt>U+000D CARRIAGE RETURN (CR)</dt>-->
2406: <dt>U+0020 SPACE</dt>
2407: <dd>Switch to the <a href="#before-attribute-name-state">before attribute name state</a>.</dd>
2408:
2409: <dt>U+002F SOLIDUS (/)</dt>
2410: <dd>Switch to the <a href="#self-closing-start-tag-state">self-closing start tag state</a>.</dd>
2411:
2412: <dt>U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN (>)</dt>
2413: <dd>Emit the current tag token. Switch to the <a href="#data-state">data
2414: state</a>.</dd>
2415:
2416: <dt>U+0041 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A through to U+005A LATIN CAPITAL LETTER Z</dt>
2417: <dd>Append the lowercase version of the <a href="#current-input-character">current input character</a>
2418: (add 0x0020 to the character's code point) to the current tag
2419: token's tag name. Stay in the <a href="#tag-name-state">tag name state</a>.</dd>
2420:
2421: <dt>EOF</dt>
2422: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Reconsume the EOF character in the
2423: <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd>
2424:
2425: <dt>Anything else</dt>
2426: <dd>Append the <a href="#current-input-character">current input character</a> to the current tag token's
2427: tag name. Stay in the <a href="#tag-name-state">tag name state</a>.</dd>
2428:
2429: </dl><h5 id="before-attribute-name-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.6 </span><dfn>Before attribute name state</dfn></h5>
2430:
2431: <p>Consume the <a href="#next-input-character">next input character</a>:</p>
2432:
2433: <dl class="switch"><dt>U+0009 CHARACTER TABULATION</dt>
2434: <dt>U+000A LINE FEED (LF)</dt>
2435: <dt>U+000C FORM FEED (FF)</dt>
2436: <!--<dt>U+000D CARRIAGE RETURN (CR)</dt>-->
2437: <dt>U+0020 SPACE</dt>
2438: <dd>Stay in the <a href="#before-attribute-name-state">before attribute name state</a>.</dd>
2439:
2440: <dt>U+002F SOLIDUS (/)</dt>
2441: <dd>Switch to the <a href="#self-closing-start-tag-state">self-closing start tag state</a>.</dd>
2442:
2443: <dt>U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN (>)</dt>
2444: <dd>Emit the current tag token. Switch to the <a href="#data-state">data
2445: state</a>.</dd>
2446:
2447: <dt>U+0041 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A through to U+005A LATIN CAPITAL LETTER Z</dt>
2448: <dd>Start a new attribute in the current tag token. Set that
2449: attribute's name to the lowercase version of the <a href="#current-input-character">current input
2450: character</a> (add 0x0020 to the character's code point), and its
2451: value to the empty string. Switch to the <a href="#attribute-name-state">attribute name
2452: state</a>.</dd>
2453:
2454: <dt>U+0022 QUOTATION MARK (")</dt>
2455: <dt>U+0027 APOSTROPHE (')</dt>
2456: <dt>U+003C LESS-THAN SIGN (<)</dt>
2457: <dt>U+003D EQUALS SIGN (=)</dt>
2458: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Treat it as per the "anything else"
2459: entry below.</dd>
2460:
2461: <dt>EOF</dt>
2462: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Reconsume the EOF character in the
2463: <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd>
2464:
2465: <dt>Anything else</dt>
2466: <dd>Start a new attribute in the current tag token. Set that
2467: attribute's name to the <a href="#current-input-character">current input character</a>, and its value to
2468: the empty string. Switch to the <a href="#attribute-name-state">attribute name
2469: state</a>.</dd>
2470:
2471: </dl><h5 id="attribute-name-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.7 </span><dfn>Attribute name state</dfn></h5>
2472:
2473: <p>Consume the <a href="#next-input-character">next input character</a>:</p>
2474:
2475: <dl class="switch"><dt>U+0009 CHARACTER TABULATION</dt>
2476: <dt>U+000A LINE FEED (LF)</dt>
2477: <dt>U+000C FORM FEED (FF)</dt>
2478: <!--<dt>U+000D CARRIAGE RETURN (CR)</dt>-->
2479: <dt>U+0020 SPACE</dt>
2480: <dd>Switch to the <a href="#after-attribute-name-state">after attribute name state</a>.</dd>
2481:
2482: <dt>U+002F SOLIDUS (/)</dt>
2483: <dd>Switch to the <a href="#self-closing-start-tag-state">self-closing start tag state</a>.</dd>
2484:
2485: <dt>U+003D EQUALS SIGN (=)</dt>
2486: <dd>Switch to the <a href="#before-attribute-value-state">before attribute value state</a>.</dd>
2487:
2488: <dt>U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN (>)</dt>
2489: <dd>Emit the current tag token. Switch to the <a href="#data-state">data
2490: state</a>.</dd>
2491:
2492: <dt>U+0041 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A through to U+005A LATIN CAPITAL LETTER Z</dt>
2493: <dd>Append the lowercase version of the <a href="#current-input-character">current input character</a>
2494: (add 0x0020 to the character's code point) to the current
2495: attribute's name. Stay in the <a href="#attribute-name-state">attribute name
2496: state</a>.</dd>
2497:
2498: <dt>U+0022 QUOTATION MARK (")</dt>
2499: <dt>U+0027 APOSTROPHE (')</dt>
2500: <dt>U+003C LESS-THAN SIGN (<)</dt>
2501: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Treat it as per the "anything else"
2502: entry below.</dd>
2503:
2504: <dt>EOF</dt>
2505: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Reconsume the EOF character in the
2506: <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd>
2507:
2508: <dt>Anything else</dt>
2509: <dd>Append the <a href="#current-input-character">current input character</a> to the current attribute's
2510: name. Stay in the <a href="#attribute-name-state">attribute name state</a>.</dd>
2511:
2512: </dl><p>When the user agent leaves the attribute name state (and before
2513: emitting the tag token, if appropriate), the complete attribute's
2514: name must be compared to the other attributes on the same token;
2515: if there is already an attribute on the token with the exact same
2516: name, then this is a <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a> and the new
2517: attribute must be dropped, along with the value that gets
2518: associated with it (if any).</p>
2519:
2520:
2521: <h5 id="after-attribute-name-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.8 </span><dfn>After attribute name state</dfn></h5>
2522:
2523: <p>Consume the <a href="#next-input-character">next input character</a>:</p>
2524:
2525: <dl class="switch"><dt>U+0009 CHARACTER TABULATION</dt>
2526: <dt>U+000A LINE FEED (LF)</dt>
2527: <dt>U+000C FORM FEED (FF)</dt>
2528: <!--<dt>U+000D CARRIAGE RETURN (CR)</dt>-->
2529: <dt>U+0020 SPACE</dt>
2530: <dd>Stay in the <a href="#after-attribute-name-state">after attribute name state</a>.</dd>
2531:
2532: <dt>U+002F SOLIDUS (/)</dt>
2533: <dd>Switch to the <a href="#self-closing-start-tag-state">self-closing start tag state</a>.</dd>
2534:
2535: <dt>U+003D EQUALS SIGN (=)</dt>
2536: <dd>Switch to the <a href="#before-attribute-value-state">before attribute value state</a>.</dd>
2537:
2538: <dt>U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN (>)</dt>
2539: <dd>Emit the current tag token. Switch to the <a href="#data-state">data
2540: state</a>.</dd>
2541:
2542: <dt>U+0041 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A through to U+005A LATIN CAPITAL LETTER Z</dt>
2543: <dd>Start a new attribute in the current tag token. Set that
2544: attribute's name to the lowercase version of the <a href="#current-input-character">current input character</a>
2545: (add 0x0020 to the character's code point), and its value to
2546: the empty string. Switch to the <a href="#attribute-name-state">attribute name
2547: state</a>.</dd>
2548:
2549: <dt>U+0022 QUOTATION MARK (")</dt>
2550: <dt>U+0027 APOSTROPHE (')</dt>
2551: <dt>U+003C LESS-THAN SIGN (<)</dt>
2552: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Treat it as per the "anything else"
2553: entry below.</dd>
2554:
2555: <dt>EOF</dt>
2556: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Reconsume the EOF character in the
2557: <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd>
2558:
2559: <dt>Anything else</dt>
2560: <dd>Start a new attribute in the current tag token. Set that
2561: attribute's name to the <a href="#current-input-character">current input character</a>, and its value to
2562: the empty string. Switch to the <a href="#attribute-name-state">attribute name
2563: state</a>.</dd>
2564:
2565: </dl><h5 id="before-attribute-value-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.9 </span><dfn>Before attribute value state</dfn></h5>
2566:
2567: <p>Consume the <a href="#next-input-character">next input character</a>:</p>
2568:
2569: <dl class="switch"><dt>U+0009 CHARACTER TABULATION</dt>
2570: <dt>U+000A LINE FEED (LF)</dt>
2571: <dt>U+000C FORM FEED (FF)</dt>
2572: <!--<dt>U+000D CARRIAGE RETURN (CR)</dt>-->
2573: <dt>U+0020 SPACE</dt>
2574: <dd>Stay in the <a href="#before-attribute-value-state">before attribute value state</a>.</dd>
2575:
2576: <dt>U+0022 QUOTATION MARK (")</dt>
2577: <dd>Switch to the <a href="#attribute-value-double-quoted-state">attribute value (double-quoted) state</a>.</dd>
2578:
2579: <dt>U+0026 AMPERSAND (&)</dt>
2580: <dd>Switch to the <a href="#attribute-value-unquoted-state">attribute value (unquoted) state</a>
2581: and reconsume this input character.</dd>
2582:
2583: <dt>U+0027 APOSTROPHE (')</dt>
2584: <dd>Switch to the <a href="#attribute-value-single-quoted-state">attribute value (single-quoted) state</a>.</dd>
2585:
2586: <dt>U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN (>)</dt>
2587: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Emit the current tag token. Switch to
2588: the <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd>
2589:
2590: <dt>U+003C LESS-THAN SIGN (<)</dt>
2591: <dt>U+003D EQUALS SIGN (=)</dt>
1.463 mike 2592: <dt>U+0060 GRAVE ACCENT (`)</dt>
1.1 mike 2593: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Treat it as per the "anything else"
2594: entry below.</dd>
2595:
2596: <dt>EOF</dt>
2597: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Reconsume the EOF character in the
2598: <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd>
2599:
2600: <dt>Anything else</dt>
2601: <dd>Append the <a href="#current-input-character">current input character</a> to the current
2602: attribute's value. Switch to the <a href="#attribute-value-unquoted-state">attribute value (unquoted)
2603: state</a>.</dd>
2604:
2605: </dl><h5 id="attribute-value-double-quoted-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.10 </span><dfn>Attribute value (double-quoted) state</dfn></h5>
2606:
2607: <p>Consume the <a href="#next-input-character">next input character</a>:</p>
2608:
2609: <dl class="switch"><dt>U+0022 QUOTATION MARK (")</dt>
2610: <dd>Switch to the <a href="#after-attribute-value-quoted-state">after attribute value (quoted)
2611: state</a>.</dd>
2612:
2613: <dt>U+0026 AMPERSAND (&)</dt>
2614: <dd>Switch to the <a href="#character-reference-in-attribute-value-state">character reference in attribute value
2615: state</a>, with the <a href="#additional-allowed-character">additional allowed character</a>
2616: being U+0022 QUOTATION MARK (").</dd>
2617:
2618: <dt>EOF</dt>
2619: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Reconsume the EOF character in the
2620: <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd>
2621:
2622: <dt>Anything else</dt>
2623: <dd>Append the <a href="#current-input-character">current input character</a> to the current attribute's
2624: value. Stay in the <a href="#attribute-value-double-quoted-state">attribute value (double-quoted)
2625: state</a>.</dd>
2626:
2627: </dl><h5 id="attribute-value-single-quoted-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.11 </span><dfn>Attribute value (single-quoted) state</dfn></h5>
2628:
2629: <p>Consume the <a href="#next-input-character">next input character</a>:</p>
2630:
2631: <dl class="switch"><dt>U+0027 APOSTROPHE (')</dt>
2632: <dd>Switch to the <a href="#after-attribute-value-quoted-state">after attribute value (quoted)
2633: state</a>.</dd>
2634:
2635: <dt>U+0026 AMPERSAND (&)</dt>
2636: <dd>Switch to the <a href="#character-reference-in-attribute-value-state">character reference in attribute value
2637: state</a>, with the <a href="#additional-allowed-character">additional allowed character</a>
2638: being U+0027 APOSTROPHE (').</dd>
2639:
2640: <dt>EOF</dt>
2641: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Reconsume the EOF character in the
2642: <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd>
2643:
2644: <dt>Anything else</dt>
2645: <dd>Append the <a href="#current-input-character">current input character</a> to the current attribute's
2646: value. Stay in the <a href="#attribute-value-single-quoted-state">attribute value (single-quoted)
2647: state</a>.</dd>
2648:
2649: </dl><h5 id="attribute-value-unquoted-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.12 </span><dfn>Attribute value (unquoted) state</dfn></h5>
2650:
2651: <p>Consume the <a href="#next-input-character">next input character</a>:</p>
2652:
2653: <dl class="switch"><dt>U+0009 CHARACTER TABULATION</dt>
2654: <dt>U+000A LINE FEED (LF)</dt>
2655: <dt>U+000C FORM FEED (FF)</dt>
2656: <!--<dt>U+000D CARRIAGE RETURN (CR)</dt>-->
2657: <dt>U+0020 SPACE</dt>
2658: <dd>Switch to the <a href="#before-attribute-name-state">before attribute name state</a>.</dd>
2659:
2660: <dt>U+0026 AMPERSAND (&)</dt>
2661: <dd>Switch to the <a href="#character-reference-in-attribute-value-state">character reference in attribute value
1.299 mike 2662: state</a>, with the <a href="#additional-allowed-character">additional allowed character</a>
2663: being U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN (>).</dd>
1.1 mike 2664:
2665: <dt>U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN (>)</dt>
2666: <dd>Emit the current tag token. Switch to the <a href="#data-state">data
2667: state</a>.</dd>
2668:
2669: <dt>U+0022 QUOTATION MARK (")</dt>
2670: <dt>U+0027 APOSTROPHE (')</dt>
2671: <dt>U+003C LESS-THAN SIGN (<)</dt>
2672: <dt>U+003D EQUALS SIGN (=)</dt>
1.463 mike 2673: <dt>U+0060 GRAVE ACCENT (`)</dt>
1.1 mike 2674: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Treat it as per the "anything else"
2675: entry below.</dd>
2676:
2677: <dt>EOF</dt>
2678: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Reconsume the EOF character in the
2679: <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd>
2680:
2681: <dt>Anything else</dt>
2682: <dd>Append the <a href="#current-input-character">current input character</a> to the current attribute's
2683: value. Stay in the <a href="#attribute-value-unquoted-state">attribute value (unquoted)
2684: state</a>.</dd>
2685:
2686: </dl><h5 id="character-reference-in-attribute-value-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.13 </span><dfn>Character reference in attribute value state</dfn></h5>
2687:
2688: <p>Attempt to <a href="#consume-a-character-reference">consume a character reference</a>.</p>
2689:
2690: <p>If nothing is returned, append a U+0026 AMPERSAND character to
2691: the current attribute's value.</p>
2692:
2693: <p>Otherwise, append the returned character token to the current
2694: attribute's value.</p>
2695:
2696: <p>Finally, switch back to the attribute value state that you were
2697: in when were switched into this state.</p>
2698:
2699:
2700: <h5 id="after-attribute-value-quoted-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.14 </span><dfn>After attribute value (quoted) state</dfn></h5>
2701:
2702: <p>Consume the <a href="#next-input-character">next input character</a>:</p>
2703:
2704: <dl class="switch"><dt>U+0009 CHARACTER TABULATION</dt>
2705: <dt>U+000A LINE FEED (LF)</dt>
2706: <dt>U+000C FORM FEED (FF)</dt>
2707: <!--<dt>U+000D CARRIAGE RETURN (CR)</dt>-->
2708: <dt>U+0020 SPACE</dt>
2709: <dd>Switch to the <a href="#before-attribute-name-state">before attribute name state</a>.</dd>
2710:
2711: <dt>U+002F SOLIDUS (/)</dt>
2712: <dd>Switch to the <a href="#self-closing-start-tag-state">self-closing start tag state</a>.</dd>
2713:
2714: <dt>U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN (>)</dt>
2715: <dd>Emit the current tag token. Switch to the <a href="#data-state">data
2716: state</a>.</dd>
2717:
2718: <dt>EOF</dt>
2719: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Reconsume the EOF character in the
2720: <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd>
2721:
2722: <dt>Anything else</dt>
2723: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Reconsume the character in
2724: the <a href="#before-attribute-name-state">before attribute name state</a>.</dd>
2725:
2726: </dl><h5 id="self-closing-start-tag-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.15 </span><dfn>Self-closing start tag state</dfn></h5>
2727:
2728: <p>Consume the <a href="#next-input-character">next input character</a>:</p>
2729:
2730: <dl class="switch"><dt>U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN (>)</dt>
2731: <dd>Set the <i>self-closing flag</i> of the current tag
2732: token. Emit the current tag token. Switch to the <a href="#data-state">data
2733: state</a>.</dd>
2734:
2735: <dt>EOF</dt>
2736: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Reconsume the EOF character in the
2737: <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd>
2738:
2739: <dt>Anything else</dt>
2740: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Reconsume the character in
2741: the <a href="#before-attribute-name-state">before attribute name state</a>.</dd>
2742:
2743: </dl><h5 id="bogus-comment-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.16 </span><dfn>Bogus comment state</dfn></h5>
2744:
2745: <p><i>(This can only happen if the <a href="#content-model-flag">content model
2746: flag</a> is set to the PCDATA state.)</i></p>
2747:
2748: <p>Consume every character up to and including the first U+003E
2749: GREATER-THAN SIGN character (>) or the end of the file (EOF),
2750: whichever comes first. Emit a comment token whose data is the
2751: concatenation of all the characters starting from and including
2752: the character that caused the state machine to switch into the
2753: bogus comment state, up to and including the character immediately
2754: before the last consumed character (i.e. up to the character just
2755: before the U+003E or EOF character). (If the comment was started
2756: by the end of the file (EOF), the token is empty.)</p>
2757:
2758: <p>Switch to the <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</p>
2759:
2760: <p>If the end of the file was reached, reconsume the EOF
2761: character.</p>
2762:
2763:
2764: <h5 id="markup-declaration-open-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.17 </span><dfn>Markup declaration open state</dfn></h5>
2765:
2766: <p><i>(This can only happen if the <a href="#content-model-flag">content model
2767: flag</a> is set to the PCDATA state.)</i></p>
2768:
2769: <p>If the next two characters are both U+002D HYPHEN-MINUS (-)
2770: characters, consume those two characters, create a comment token
2771: whose data is the empty string, and switch to the <a href="#comment-start-state">comment
2772: start state</a>.</p>
2773:
2774: <p>Otherwise, if the next seven characters are an <a href="infrastructure.html#ascii-case-insensitive">ASCII
2775: case-insensitive</a> match for the word "DOCTYPE", then consume
2776: those characters and switch to the <a href="#doctype-state">DOCTYPE state</a>.</p>
2777:
2778: <p>Otherwise, if the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> is "<a href="#parsing-main-inforeign" title="insertion mode: in foreign content">in foreign
2779: content</a>" and the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> is not an element
2780: in the <a href="#html-namespace-0">HTML namespace</a> and the next seven characters are
2781: an <span>ASCII case-sensitive</span> match for the string "[CDATA["
2782: (the five uppercase letters "CDATA" with a U+005B LEFT SQUARE
2783: BRACKET character before and after), then consume those characters
1.91 mike 2784: and switch to the <a href="#cdata-section-state">CDATA section state</a>.</p>
1.1 mike 2785:
2786: <p>Otherwise, this is a <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a>. Switch to the
2787: <a href="#bogus-comment-state">bogus comment state</a>. The next character that is
2788: consumed, if any, is the first character that will be in the
2789: comment.</p>
2790:
2791:
2792: <h5 id="comment-start-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.18 </span><dfn>Comment start state</dfn></h5>
2793:
2794: <p>Consume the <a href="#next-input-character">next input character</a>:</p>
2795:
2796: <dl class="switch"><dt>U+002D HYPHEN-MINUS (-)</dt>
2797: <dd>Switch to the <a href="#comment-start-dash-state">comment start dash state</a>.</dd>
2798:
2799: <dt>U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN (>)</dt>
2800: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Emit the comment token. Switch to the
2801: <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd> <!-- see comment in comment end state
2802: -->
2803:
2804: <dt>EOF</dt>
2805: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Emit the comment token. Reconsume
2806: the EOF character in the <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd>
2807:
2808: <dt>Anything else</dt>
2809: <dd>Append the input character to the comment token's
2810: data. Switch to the <a href="#comment-state">comment state</a>.</dd>
2811:
2812: </dl><h5 id="comment-start-dash-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.19 </span><dfn>Comment start dash state</dfn></h5>
2813:
2814: <p>Consume the <a href="#next-input-character">next input character</a>:</p>
2815:
2816: <dl class="switch"><dt>U+002D HYPHEN-MINUS (-)</dt>
2817: <dd>Switch to the <a href="#comment-end-state">comment end state</a></dd>
2818:
2819: <dt>U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN (>)</dt>
2820: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Emit the comment token. Switch to
2821: the <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd>
2822:
2823: <dt>EOF</dt>
2824: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Emit the comment token. Reconsume the
2825: EOF character in the <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd> <!-- see comment
2826: in comment end state -->
2827:
2828: <dt>Anything else</dt>
1.464 mike 2829: <dd>Append a U+002D HYPHEN-MINUS character (-) and the input
1.1 mike 2830: character to the comment token's data. Switch to the
2831: <a href="#comment-state">comment state</a>.</dd>
2832:
2833: </dl><h5 id="comment-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.20 </span><dfn id="comment">Comment state</dfn></h5>
2834:
2835: <p>Consume the <a href="#next-input-character">next input character</a>:</p>
2836:
2837: <dl class="switch"><dt>U+002D HYPHEN-MINUS (-)</dt>
2838: <dd>Switch to the <a href="#comment-end-dash-state">comment end dash state</a></dd>
2839:
2840: <dt>EOF</dt>
2841: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Emit the comment token. Reconsume the
2842: EOF character in the <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd> <!-- see comment
2843: in comment end state -->
2844:
2845: <dt>Anything else</dt>
2846: <dd>Append the input character to the comment token's data. Stay
2847: in the <a href="#comment-state">comment state</a>.</dd>
2848:
2849: </dl><h5 id="comment-end-dash-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.21 </span><dfn>Comment end dash state</dfn></h5>
2850:
2851: <p>Consume the <a href="#next-input-character">next input character</a>:</p>
2852:
2853: <dl class="switch"><dt>U+002D HYPHEN-MINUS (-)</dt>
2854: <dd>Switch to the <a href="#comment-end-state">comment end state</a></dd>
2855:
2856: <dt>EOF</dt>
2857: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Emit the comment token. Reconsume the
2858: EOF character in the <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd> <!-- see comment
2859: in comment end state -->
2860:
2861: <dt>Anything else</dt>
1.464 mike 2862: <dd>Append a U+002D HYPHEN-MINUS character (-) and the input
1.1 mike 2863: character to the comment token's data. Switch to the
2864: <a href="#comment-state">comment state</a>.</dd>
2865:
2866: </dl><h5 id="comment-end-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.22 </span><dfn>Comment end state</dfn></h5>
2867:
2868: <p>Consume the <a href="#next-input-character">next input character</a>:</p>
2869:
2870: <dl class="switch"><dt>U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN (>)</dt>
2871: <dd>Emit the comment token. Switch to the <a href="#data-state">data
2872: state</a>.</dd>
2873:
2874: <dt>U+0009 CHARACTER TABULATION</dt>
2875: <dt>U+000A LINE FEED (LF)</dt>
2876: <dt>U+000C FORM FEED (FF)</dt>
2877: <!--<dt>U+000D CARRIAGE RETURN (CR)</dt>-->
2878: <dt>U+0020 SPACE</dt>
2879: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Append two U+002D HYPHEN-MINUS (-)
2880: characters and the input character to the comment token's
2881: data. Switch to the <a href="#comment-end-space-state">comment end space state</a>.</dd>
2882:
2883: <dt>U+0021 EXCLAMATION MARK (!)</dt>
2884: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Switch to the <a href="#comment-end-bang-state">comment end bang
2885: state</a>.</dd>
2886:
1.333 mike 2887: <dt>U+002D HYPHEN-MINUS (-)</dt>
2888: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Append a U+002D HYPHEN-MINUS
1.464 mike 2889: character (-) to the comment token's data. Stay in the
1.333 mike 2890: <a href="#comment-end-state">comment end state</a>.</dd>
2891:
1.1 mike 2892: <dt>EOF</dt>
2893: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Emit the comment token. Reconsume
2894: the EOF character in the <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd> <!-- For
2895: security reasons: otherwise, hostile user could put a <script> in
2896: a comment e.g. in a blog comment and then DOS the server so that
2897: the end tag isn't read, and then the commented <script> tag would
2898: be treated as live code -->
2899:
2900: <dt>Anything else</dt>
2901: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Append two U+002D HYPHEN-MINUS (-)
2902: characters and the input character to the comment token's
2903: data. Switch to the <a href="#comment-state">comment state</a>.</dd>
2904:
2905: </dl><h5 id="comment-end-bang-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.23 </span><dfn>Comment end bang state</dfn></h5>
2906:
2907: <p>Consume the <a href="#next-input-character">next input character</a>:</p>
2908:
1.333 mike 2909: <dl class="switch"><dt>U+002D HYPHEN-MINUS (-)</dt>
1.1 mike 2910: <dd>Append two U+002D HYPHEN-MINUS (-) characters and a U+0021
1.464 mike 2911: EXCLAMATION MARK character (!) to the comment token's data. Switch
1.1 mike 2912: to the <a href="#comment-end-dash-state">comment end dash state</a>.</dd>
2913:
1.333 mike 2914: <dt>U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN (>)</dt>
2915: <dd>Emit the comment token. Switch to the <a href="#data-state">data
2916: state</a>.</dd>
2917:
1.1 mike 2918: <dt>EOF</dt>
2919: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Emit the comment token. Reconsume
2920: the EOF character in the <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd> <!-- see
2921: comment in comment end state -->
2922:
2923: <dt>Anything else</dt>
2924: <dd>Append two U+002D HYPHEN-MINUS (-) characters, a U+0021
1.464 mike 2925: EXCLAMATION MARK character (!), and the input character to the
1.1 mike 2926: comment token's data. Switch to the <a href="#comment-state">comment
2927: state</a>.</dd>
2928:
2929: </dl><h5 id="comment-end-space-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.24 </span><dfn>Comment end space state</dfn></h5>
2930:
2931: <p>Consume the <a href="#next-input-character">next input character</a>:</p>
2932:
1.333 mike 2933: <dl class="switch"><dt>U+0009 CHARACTER TABULATION</dt>
1.1 mike 2934: <dt>U+000A LINE FEED (LF)</dt>
2935: <dt>U+000C FORM FEED (FF)</dt>
2936: <!--<dt>U+000D CARRIAGE RETURN (CR)</dt>-->
2937: <dt>U+0020 SPACE</dt>
2938: <dd>Append the input character to the comment token's data. Stay in
2939: the <a href="#comment-end-space-state">comment end space state</a>.</dd>
2940:
1.333 mike 2941: <dt>U+002D HYPHEN-MINUS (-)</dt>
2942: <dd>Switch to the <a href="#comment-end-dash-state">comment end dash state</a>.</dd>
2943:
2944: <dt>U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN (>)</dt>
2945: <dd>Emit the comment token. Switch to the <a href="#data-state">data
2946: state</a>.</dd>
2947:
1.1 mike 2948: <dt>EOF</dt>
2949: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Emit the comment token. Reconsume
2950: the EOF character in the <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd> <!-- see
2951: comment in comment end state -->
2952:
2953: <dt>Anything else</dt>
2954: <dd>Append the input character to the comment token's data. Switch
2955: to the <a href="#comment-state">comment state</a>.</dd>
2956:
2957: </dl><h5 id="doctype-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.25 </span><dfn>DOCTYPE state</dfn></h5>
2958:
2959: <p>Consume the <a href="#next-input-character">next input character</a>:</p>
2960:
2961: <dl class="switch"><dt>U+0009 CHARACTER TABULATION</dt>
2962: <dt>U+000A LINE FEED (LF)</dt>
2963: <dt>U+000C FORM FEED (FF)</dt>
2964: <!--<dt>U+000D CARRIAGE RETURN (CR)</dt>-->
2965: <dt>U+0020 SPACE</dt>
2966: <dd>Switch to the <a href="#before-doctype-name-state">before DOCTYPE name state</a>.</dd>
2967:
2968: <dt>EOF</dt>
2969: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Create a new DOCTYPE token. Set its
2970: <i>force-quirks flag</i> to <i>on</i>. Emit the token. Reconsume
2971: the EOF character in the <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd>
2972:
2973: <dt>Anything else</dt>
2974: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Reconsume the current
2975: character in the <a href="#before-doctype-name-state">before DOCTYPE name state</a>.</dd>
2976:
2977: </dl><h5 id="before-doctype-name-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.26 </span><dfn>Before DOCTYPE name state</dfn></h5>
2978:
2979: <p>Consume the <a href="#next-input-character">next input character</a>:</p>
2980:
2981: <dl class="switch"><dt>U+0009 CHARACTER TABULATION</dt>
2982: <dt>U+000A LINE FEED (LF)</dt>
2983: <dt>U+000C FORM FEED (FF)</dt>
2984: <!--<dt>U+000D CARRIAGE RETURN (CR)</dt>-->
2985: <dt>U+0020 SPACE</dt>
2986: <dd>Stay in the <a href="#before-doctype-name-state">before DOCTYPE name state</a>.</dd>
2987:
2988: <dt>U+0041 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A through to U+005A LATIN CAPITAL LETTER Z</dt>
2989: <dd>Create a new DOCTYPE token. Set the token's name to the
2990: lowercase version of the input character (add 0x0020 to the
2991: character's code point). Switch to the <a href="#doctype-name-state">DOCTYPE name
2992: state</a>.</dd>
2993:
1.333 mike 2994: <dt>U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN (>)</dt>
2995: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Create a new DOCTYPE token. Set its
2996: <i>force-quirks flag</i> to <i>on</i>. Emit the token. Switch to
2997: the <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd>
2998:
1.1 mike 2999: <dt>EOF</dt>
3000: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Create a new DOCTYPE token. Set its
3001: <i>force-quirks flag</i> to <i>on</i>. Emit the token. Reconsume
3002: the EOF character in the <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd>
3003:
3004: <dt>Anything else</dt>
3005: <dd>Create a new DOCTYPE token. Set the token's name to the
3006: <a href="#current-input-character">current input character</a>. Switch to the <a href="#doctype-name-state">DOCTYPE name
3007: state</a>.</dd>
3008:
3009: </dl><h5 id="doctype-name-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.27 </span><dfn>DOCTYPE name state</dfn></h5>
3010:
3011: <p>Consume the <a href="#next-input-character">next input character</a>:</p>
3012:
3013: <dl class="switch"><dt>U+0009 CHARACTER TABULATION</dt>
3014: <dt>U+000A LINE FEED (LF)</dt>
3015: <dt>U+000C FORM FEED (FF)</dt>
3016: <!--<dt>U+000D CARRIAGE RETURN (CR)</dt>-->
3017: <dt>U+0020 SPACE</dt>
3018: <dd>Switch to the <a href="#after-doctype-name-state">after DOCTYPE name state</a>.</dd>
3019:
3020: <dt>U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN (>)</dt>
3021: <dd>Emit the current DOCTYPE token. Switch to the <a href="#data-state">data
3022: state</a>.</dd>
3023:
3024: <dt>U+0041 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A through to U+005A LATIN CAPITAL LETTER Z</dt>
3025: <dd>Append the lowercase version of the input character (add 0x0020
3026: to the character's code point) to the current DOCTYPE token's
3027: name. Stay in the <a href="#doctype-name-state">DOCTYPE name state</a>.</dd>
3028:
3029: <dt>EOF</dt>
3030: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Set the DOCTYPE token's
3031: <i>force-quirks flag</i> to <i>on</i>. Emit that DOCTYPE token.
3032: Reconsume the EOF character in the <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd>
3033:
3034: <dt>Anything else</dt>
3035: <dd>Append the <a href="#current-input-character">current input character</a> to the current DOCTYPE
3036: token's name. Stay in the <a href="#doctype-name-state">DOCTYPE name state</a>.</dd>
3037:
3038: </dl><h5 id="after-doctype-name-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.28 </span><dfn>After DOCTYPE name state</dfn></h5>
3039:
3040: <p>Consume the <a href="#next-input-character">next input character</a>:</p>
3041:
3042: <dl class="switch"><dt>U+0009 CHARACTER TABULATION</dt>
3043: <dt>U+000A LINE FEED (LF)</dt>
3044: <dt>U+000C FORM FEED (FF)</dt>
3045: <!--<dt>U+000D CARRIAGE RETURN (CR)</dt>-->
3046: <dt>U+0020 SPACE</dt>
3047: <dd>Stay in the <a href="#after-doctype-name-state">after DOCTYPE name state</a>.</dd>
3048:
3049: <dt>U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN (>)</dt>
3050: <dd>Emit the current DOCTYPE token. Switch to the <a href="#data-state">data
3051: state</a>.</dd>
3052:
3053: <dt>EOF</dt>
3054: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Set the DOCTYPE token's
3055: <i>force-quirks flag</i> to <i>on</i>. Emit that DOCTYPE token.
3056: Reconsume the EOF character in the <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd>
3057:
3058: <dt>Anything else</dt>
3059: <dd>
3060:
3061: <p>If the six characters starting from the <a href="#current-input-character">current input
3062: character</a> are an <a href="infrastructure.html#ascii-case-insensitive">ASCII case-insensitive</a> match
3063: for the word "PUBLIC", then consume those characters and switch to
1.444 mike 3064: the <a href="#after-doctype-public-keyword-state">after DOCTYPE public keyword state</a>.</p>
1.1 mike 3065:
3066: <p>Otherwise, if the six characters starting from the
3067: <a href="#current-input-character">current input character</a> are an <a href="infrastructure.html#ascii-case-insensitive">ASCII
3068: case-insensitive</a> match for the word "SYSTEM", then consume
1.444 mike 3069: those characters and switch to the <a href="#after-doctype-system-keyword-state">after DOCTYPE system
3070: keyword state</a>.</p>
1.1 mike 3071:
3072: <p>Otherwise, this is the <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a>. Set the
3073: DOCTYPE token's <i>force-quirks flag</i> to <i>on</i>. Switch to
3074: the <a href="#bogus-doctype-state">bogus DOCTYPE state</a>.</p>
3075:
3076: </dd>
3077:
1.444 mike 3078: </dl><h5 id="after-doctype-public-keyword-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.29 </span><dfn>After DOCTYPE public keyword state</dfn></h5>
3079:
3080: <p>Consume the <a href="#next-input-character">next input character</a>:</p>
3081:
3082: <dl class="switch"><dt>U+0009 CHARACTER TABULATION</dt>
3083: <dt>U+000A LINE FEED (LF)</dt>
3084: <dt>U+000C FORM FEED (FF)</dt>
3085: <!--<dt>U+000D CARRIAGE RETURN (CR)</dt>-->
3086: <dt>U+0020 SPACE</dt>
3087: <dd>Switch to the <a href="#before-doctype-public-identifier-state">before DOCTYPE public identifier
3088: state</a>.</dd>
3089:
3090: <dt>EOF</dt>
3091: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Set the DOCTYPE token's
3092: <i>force-quirks flag</i> to <i>on</i>. Emit that DOCTYPE token.
3093: Reconsume the EOF character in the <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd>
3094:
3095: <dt>Anything else</dt>
3096: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Reconsume the current character in
3097: the <a href="#before-doctype-public-identifier-state">before DOCTYPE public identifier state</a>.</dd>
3098:
3099: </dl><h5 id="before-doctype-public-identifier-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.30 </span><dfn>Before DOCTYPE public identifier state</dfn></h5>
1.1 mike 3100:
3101: <p>Consume the <a href="#next-input-character">next input character</a>:</p>
3102:
3103: <dl class="switch"><dt>U+0009 CHARACTER TABULATION</dt>
3104: <dt>U+000A LINE FEED (LF)</dt>
3105: <dt>U+000C FORM FEED (FF)</dt>
3106: <!--<dt>U+000D CARRIAGE RETURN (CR)</dt>-->
3107: <dt>U+0020 SPACE</dt>
3108: <dd>Stay in the <a href="#before-doctype-public-identifier-state">before DOCTYPE public identifier state</a>.</dd>
3109:
3110: <dt>U+0022 QUOTATION MARK (")</dt>
3111: <dd>Set the DOCTYPE token's public identifier to the empty string
3112: (not missing), then switch to the <a href="#doctype-public-identifier-double-quoted-state">DOCTYPE public identifier
3113: (double-quoted) state</a>.</dd>
3114:
3115: <dt>U+0027 APOSTROPHE (')</dt>
3116: <dd>Set the DOCTYPE token's public identifier to the empty string
3117: (not missing), then switch to the <a href="#doctype-public-identifier-single-quoted-state">DOCTYPE public identifier
3118: (single-quoted) state</a>.</dd>
3119:
3120: <dt>U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN (>)</dt>
3121: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Set the DOCTYPE token's
3122: <i>force-quirks flag</i> to <i>on</i>. Emit that DOCTYPE
3123: token. Switch to the <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd>
3124:
3125: <dt>EOF</dt>
3126: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Set the DOCTYPE token's
3127: <i>force-quirks flag</i> to <i>on</i>. Emit that DOCTYPE token.
3128: Reconsume the EOF character in the <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd>
3129:
3130: <dt>Anything else</dt>
3131: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Set the DOCTYPE token's
3132: <i>force-quirks flag</i> to <i>on</i>. Switch to the <a href="#bogus-doctype-state">bogus
3133: DOCTYPE state</a>.</dd>
3134:
1.444 mike 3135: </dl><h5 id="doctype-public-identifier-double-quoted-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.31 </span><dfn>DOCTYPE public identifier (double-quoted) state</dfn></h5>
1.1 mike 3136:
3137: <p>Consume the <a href="#next-input-character">next input character</a>:</p>
3138:
3139: <dl class="switch"><dt>U+0022 QUOTATION MARK (")</dt>
3140: <dd>Switch to the <a href="#after-doctype-public-identifier-state">after DOCTYPE public identifier state</a>.</dd>
3141:
3142: <dt>U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN (>)</dt>
3143: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Set the DOCTYPE token's
3144: <i>force-quirks flag</i> to <i>on</i>. Emit that DOCTYPE
3145: token. Switch to the <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd>
3146:
3147: <dt>EOF</dt>
3148: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Set the DOCTYPE token's
3149: <i>force-quirks flag</i> to <i>on</i>. Emit that DOCTYPE token.
3150: Reconsume the EOF character in the <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd>
3151:
3152: <dt>Anything else</dt>
3153: <dd>Append the <a href="#current-input-character">current input character</a> to the current DOCTYPE
3154: token's public identifier. Stay in the <a href="#doctype-public-identifier-double-quoted-state">DOCTYPE public
3155: identifier (double-quoted) state</a>.</dd>
3156:
1.444 mike 3157: </dl><h5 id="doctype-public-identifier-single-quoted-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.32 </span><dfn>DOCTYPE public identifier (single-quoted) state</dfn></h5>
1.1 mike 3158:
3159: <p>Consume the <a href="#next-input-character">next input character</a>:</p>
3160:
3161: <dl class="switch"><dt>U+0027 APOSTROPHE (')</dt>
3162: <dd>Switch to the <a href="#after-doctype-public-identifier-state">after DOCTYPE public identifier state</a>.</dd>
3163:
3164: <dt>U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN (>)</dt>
3165: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Set the DOCTYPE token's
3166: <i>force-quirks flag</i> to <i>on</i>. Emit that DOCTYPE
3167: token. Switch to the <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd>
3168:
3169: <dt>EOF</dt>
3170: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Set the DOCTYPE token's
3171: <i>force-quirks flag</i> to <i>on</i>. Emit that DOCTYPE token.
3172: Reconsume the EOF character in the <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd>
3173:
3174: <dt>Anything else</dt>
3175: <dd>Append the <a href="#current-input-character">current input character</a> to the current DOCTYPE
3176: token's public identifier. Stay in the <a href="#doctype-public-identifier-single-quoted-state">DOCTYPE public
3177: identifier (single-quoted) state</a>.</dd>
3178:
1.444 mike 3179: </dl><h5 id="after-doctype-public-identifier-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.33 </span><dfn>After DOCTYPE public identifier state</dfn></h5>
1.1 mike 3180:
3181: <p>Consume the <a href="#next-input-character">next input character</a>:</p>
3182:
3183: <dl class="switch"><dt>U+0009 CHARACTER TABULATION</dt>
3184: <dt>U+000A LINE FEED (LF)</dt>
3185: <dt>U+000C FORM FEED (FF)</dt>
3186: <!--<dt>U+000D CARRIAGE RETURN (CR)</dt>-->
3187: <dt>U+0020 SPACE</dt>
1.444 mike 3188: <dd>Switch to the <a href="#between-doctype-public-and-system-identifiers-state">between DOCTYPE public and system identifiers state</a>.</dd>
3189:
3190: <dt>U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN (>)</dt>
3191: <dd>Emit the current DOCTYPE token. Switch to the <a href="#data-state">data
3192: state</a>.</dd>
3193:
3194: <dt>U+0022 QUOTATION MARK (")</dt>
3195: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Set the DOCTYPE token's system
3196: identifier to the empty string (not missing), then switch to the
3197: <a href="#doctype-system-identifier-double-quoted-state">DOCTYPE system identifier (double-quoted) state</a>.</dd>
3198:
3199: <dt>U+0027 APOSTROPHE (')</dt>
3200: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Set the DOCTYPE token's system
3201: identifier to the empty string (not missing), then switch to the
3202: <a href="#doctype-system-identifier-single-quoted-state">DOCTYPE system identifier (single-quoted) state</a>.</dd>
3203:
3204: <dt>EOF</dt>
3205: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Set the DOCTYPE token's
3206: <i>force-quirks flag</i> to <i>on</i>. Emit that DOCTYPE token.
3207: Reconsume the EOF character in the <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd>
3208:
3209: <dt>Anything else</dt>
3210: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Set the DOCTYPE token's
3211: <i>force-quirks flag</i> to <i>on</i>. Switch to the <a href="#bogus-doctype-state">bogus
3212: DOCTYPE state</a>.</dd>
3213:
3214: </dl><h5 id="between-doctype-public-and-system-identifiers-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.34 </span><dfn>Between DOCTYPE public and system identifiers state</dfn></h5>
3215:
3216: <p>Consume the <a href="#next-input-character">next input character</a>:</p>
3217:
3218: <dl class="switch"><dt>U+0009 CHARACTER TABULATION</dt>
3219: <dt>U+000A LINE FEED (LF)</dt>
3220: <dt>U+000C FORM FEED (FF)</dt>
3221: <!--<dt>U+000D CARRIAGE RETURN (CR)</dt>-->
3222: <dt>U+0020 SPACE</dt>
3223: <dd>Stay in the <a href="#between-doctype-public-and-system-identifiers-state">between DOCTYPE public and system identifiers state</a>.</dd>
3224:
3225: <dt>U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN (>)</dt>
3226: <dd>Emit the current DOCTYPE token. Switch to the <a href="#data-state">data
3227: state</a>.</dd>
1.1 mike 3228:
3229: <dt>U+0022 QUOTATION MARK (")</dt>
3230: <dd>Set the DOCTYPE token's system identifier to the empty string
3231: (not missing), then switch to the <a href="#doctype-system-identifier-double-quoted-state">DOCTYPE system identifier
3232: (double-quoted) state</a>.</dd>
3233:
3234: <dt>U+0027 APOSTROPHE (')</dt>
3235: <dd>Set the DOCTYPE token's system identifier to the empty string
3236: (not missing), then switch to the <a href="#doctype-system-identifier-single-quoted-state">DOCTYPE system identifier
3237: (single-quoted) state</a>.</dd>
3238:
3239: <dt>EOF</dt>
3240: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Set the DOCTYPE token's
3241: <i>force-quirks flag</i> to <i>on</i>. Emit that DOCTYPE token.
3242: Reconsume the EOF character in the <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd>
3243:
3244: <dt>Anything else</dt>
3245: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Set the DOCTYPE token's
3246: <i>force-quirks flag</i> to <i>on</i>. Switch to the <a href="#bogus-doctype-state">bogus
3247: DOCTYPE state</a>.</dd>
3248:
1.444 mike 3249: </dl><h5 id="after-doctype-system-keyword-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.35 </span><dfn>After DOCTYPE system keyword state</dfn></h5>
3250:
3251: <p>Consume the <a href="#next-input-character">next input character</a>:</p>
3252:
3253: <dl class="switch"><dt>U+0009 CHARACTER TABULATION</dt>
3254: <dt>U+000A LINE FEED (LF)</dt>
3255: <dt>U+000C FORM FEED (FF)</dt>
3256: <!--<dt>U+000D CARRIAGE RETURN (CR)</dt>-->
3257: <dt>U+0020 SPACE</dt>
3258: <dd>Switch to the <a href="#before-doctype-system-identifier-state">before DOCTYPE system identifier
3259: state</a>.</dd>
3260:
3261: <dt>EOF</dt>
3262: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Set the DOCTYPE token's
3263: <i>force-quirks flag</i> to <i>on</i>. Emit that DOCTYPE token.
3264: Reconsume the EOF character in the <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd>
3265:
3266: <dt>Anything else</dt>
3267: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Reconsume the current character in
3268: the <a href="#before-doctype-system-identifier-state">before DOCTYPE system identifier state</a>.</dd>
3269:
3270: </dl><h5 id="before-doctype-system-identifier-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.36 </span><dfn>Before DOCTYPE system identifier state</dfn></h5>
1.1 mike 3271:
3272: <p>Consume the <a href="#next-input-character">next input character</a>:</p>
3273:
3274: <dl class="switch"><dt>U+0009 CHARACTER TABULATION</dt>
3275: <dt>U+000A LINE FEED (LF)</dt>
3276: <dt>U+000C FORM FEED (FF)</dt>
3277: <!--<dt>U+000D CARRIAGE RETURN (CR)</dt>-->
3278: <dt>U+0020 SPACE</dt>
3279: <dd>Stay in the <a href="#before-doctype-system-identifier-state">before DOCTYPE system identifier state</a>.</dd>
3280:
3281: <dt>U+0022 QUOTATION MARK (")</dt>
3282: <dd>Set the DOCTYPE token's system identifier to the empty string
3283: (not missing), then switch to the <a href="#doctype-system-identifier-double-quoted-state">DOCTYPE system identifier
3284: (double-quoted) state</a>.</dd>
3285:
3286: <dt>U+0027 APOSTROPHE (')</dt>
3287: <dd>Set the DOCTYPE token's system identifier to the empty string
3288: (not missing), then switch to the <a href="#doctype-system-identifier-single-quoted-state">DOCTYPE system identifier
3289: (single-quoted) state</a>.</dd>
3290:
3291: <dt>U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN (>)</dt>
3292: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Set the DOCTYPE token's
3293: <i>force-quirks flag</i> to <i>on</i>. Emit that DOCTYPE
3294: token. Switch to the <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd>
3295:
3296: <dt>EOF</dt>
3297: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Set the DOCTYPE token's
3298: <i>force-quirks flag</i> to <i>on</i>. Emit that DOCTYPE token.
3299: Reconsume the EOF character in the <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd>
3300:
3301: <dt>Anything else</dt>
3302: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Set the DOCTYPE token's
3303: <i>force-quirks flag</i> to <i>on</i>. Switch to the <a href="#bogus-doctype-state">bogus
3304: DOCTYPE state</a>.</dd>
3305:
1.444 mike 3306: </dl><h5 id="doctype-system-identifier-double-quoted-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.37 </span><dfn>DOCTYPE system identifier (double-quoted) state</dfn></h5>
1.1 mike 3307:
3308: <p>Consume the <a href="#next-input-character">next input character</a>:</p>
3309:
3310: <dl class="switch"><dt>U+0022 QUOTATION MARK (")</dt>
3311: <dd>Switch to the <a href="#after-doctype-system-identifier-state">after DOCTYPE system identifier state</a>.</dd>
3312:
3313: <dt>U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN (>)</dt>
3314: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Set the DOCTYPE token's
3315: <i>force-quirks flag</i> to <i>on</i>. Emit that DOCTYPE
3316: token. Switch to the <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd>
3317:
3318: <dt>EOF</dt>
3319: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Set the DOCTYPE token's
3320: <i>force-quirks flag</i> to <i>on</i>. Emit that DOCTYPE token.
3321: Reconsume the EOF character in the <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd>
3322:
3323: <dt>Anything else</dt>
3324: <dd>Append the <a href="#current-input-character">current input character</a> to the current DOCTYPE
3325: token's system identifier. Stay in the <a href="#doctype-system-identifier-double-quoted-state">DOCTYPE system
3326: identifier (double-quoted) state</a>.</dd>
3327:
1.444 mike 3328: </dl><h5 id="doctype-system-identifier-single-quoted-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.38 </span><dfn>DOCTYPE system identifier (single-quoted) state</dfn></h5>
1.1 mike 3329:
3330: <p>Consume the <a href="#next-input-character">next input character</a>:</p>
3331:
3332: <dl class="switch"><dt>U+0027 APOSTROPHE (')</dt>
3333: <dd>Switch to the <a href="#after-doctype-system-identifier-state">after DOCTYPE system identifier state</a>.</dd>
3334:
3335: <dt>U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN (>)</dt>
3336: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Set the DOCTYPE token's
3337: <i>force-quirks flag</i> to <i>on</i>. Emit that DOCTYPE
3338: token. Switch to the <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd>
3339:
3340: <dt>EOF</dt>
3341: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Set the DOCTYPE token's
3342: <i>force-quirks flag</i> to <i>on</i>. Emit that DOCTYPE token.
3343: Reconsume the EOF character in the <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd>
3344:
3345: <dt>Anything else</dt>
3346: <dd>Append the <a href="#current-input-character">current input character</a> to the current DOCTYPE
3347: token's system identifier. Stay in the <a href="#doctype-system-identifier-single-quoted-state">DOCTYPE system
3348: identifier (single-quoted) state</a>.</dd>
3349:
1.444 mike 3350: </dl><h5 id="after-doctype-system-identifier-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.39 </span><dfn>After DOCTYPE system identifier state</dfn></h5>
1.1 mike 3351:
3352: <p>Consume the <a href="#next-input-character">next input character</a>:</p>
3353:
3354: <dl class="switch"><dt>U+0009 CHARACTER TABULATION</dt>
3355: <dt>U+000A LINE FEED (LF)</dt>
3356: <dt>U+000C FORM FEED (FF)</dt>
3357: <!--<dt>U+000D CARRIAGE RETURN (CR)</dt>-->
3358: <dt>U+0020 SPACE</dt>
3359: <dd>Stay in the <a href="#after-doctype-system-identifier-state">after DOCTYPE system identifier state</a>.</dd>
3360:
3361: <dt>U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN (>)</dt>
3362: <dd>Emit the current DOCTYPE token. Switch to the <a href="#data-state">data
3363: state</a>.</dd>
3364:
3365: <dt>EOF</dt>
3366: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Set the DOCTYPE token's
3367: <i>force-quirks flag</i> to <i>on</i>. Emit that DOCTYPE token.
3368: Reconsume the EOF character in the <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd>
3369:
3370: <dt>Anything else</dt>
3371: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Switch to the <a href="#bogus-doctype-state">bogus DOCTYPE
3372: state</a>. (This does <em>not</em> set the DOCTYPE token's
3373: <i>force-quirks flag</i> to <i>on</i>.)</dd>
3374:
1.444 mike 3375: </dl><h5 id="bogus-doctype-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.40 </span><dfn>Bogus DOCTYPE state</dfn></h5>
1.1 mike 3376:
3377: <p>Consume the <a href="#next-input-character">next input character</a>:</p>
3378:
3379: <dl class="switch"><dt>U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN (>)</dt>
3380: <dd>Emit the DOCTYPE token. Switch to the <a href="#data-state">data
3381: state</a>.</dd>
3382:
3383: <dt>EOF</dt>
3384: <dd>Emit the DOCTYPE token. Reconsume the EOF character in the
3385: <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd>
3386:
3387: <dt>Anything else</dt>
3388: <dd>Stay in the <a href="#bogus-doctype-state">bogus DOCTYPE state</a>.</dd>
3389:
1.444 mike 3390: </dl><h5 id="cdata-section-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.41 </span><dfn>CDATA section state</dfn></h5>
1.1 mike 3391:
3392: <p><i>(This can only happen if the <a href="#content-model-flag">content model
1.91 mike 3393: flag</a> is set to the PCDATA state.)</i></p>
1.1 mike 3394:
3395: <p>Consume every character up to the next occurrence of the three
3396: character sequence U+005D RIGHT SQUARE BRACKET U+005D RIGHT SQUARE
3397: BRACKET U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN (<code title="">]]></code>), or the
3398: end of the file (EOF), whichever comes first. Emit a series of
3399: character tokens consisting of all the characters consumed except
3400: the matching three character sequence at the end (if one was found
3401: before the end of the file).</p>
3402:
3403: <p>Switch to the <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</p>
3404:
3405: <p>If the end of the file was reached, reconsume the EOF
3406: character.</p>
3407:
3408:
3409:
1.444 mike 3410: <h5 id="tokenizing-character-references"><span class="secno">9.2.4.42 </span>Tokenizing character references</h5>
1.1 mike 3411:
3412: <p>This section defines how to <dfn id="consume-a-character-reference">consume a character
3413: reference</dfn>. This definition is used when parsing character
1.299 mike 3414: references <a href="#character-reference-in-data-state" title="character reference in data state">in
1.1 mike 3415: text</a> and <a href="#character-reference-in-attribute-value-state" title="character reference in attribute value
3416: state">in attributes</a>.</p>
3417:
3418: <p>The behavior depends on the identity of the next character (the
3419: one immediately after the U+0026 AMPERSAND character):</p>
3420:
3421: <dl class="switch"><dt>U+0009 CHARACTER TABULATION</dt>
3422: <dt>U+000A LINE FEED (LF)</dt>
3423: <dt>U+000C FORM FEED (FF)</dt>
3424: <!--<dt>U+000D CARRIAGE RETURN (CR)</dt>-->
3425: <dt>U+0020 SPACE</dt>
3426: <dt>U+003C LESS-THAN SIGN</dt>
3427: <dt>U+0026 AMPERSAND</dt>
3428: <dt>EOF</dt>
3429: <dt>The <dfn id="additional-allowed-character">additional allowed character</dfn>, if there is one</dt>
3430:
3431: <dd>Not a character reference. No characters are consumed, and
3432: nothing is returned. (This is not an error, either.)</dd>
3433:
3434:
3435: <dt>U+0023 NUMBER SIGN (#)</dt>
3436:
3437: <dd>
3438:
3439: <p>Consume the U+0023 NUMBER SIGN.</p>
3440:
3441: <p>The behavior further depends on the character after the U+0023
3442: NUMBER SIGN:</p>
3443:
3444: <dl class="switch"><dt>U+0078 LATIN SMALL LETTER X</dt>
3445: <dt>U+0058 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER X</dt>
3446:
3447: <dd>
3448:
3449: <p>Consume the X.</p>
3450:
3451: <p>Follow the steps below, but using the range of characters
1.464 mike 3452: U+0030 DIGIT ZERO (0) to U+0039 DIGIT NINE (9), U+0061 LATIN
3453: SMALL LETTER A to U+0066 LATIN SMALL LETTER F, and U+0041 LATIN
3454: CAPITAL LETTER A to U+0046 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER F (in other
3455: words, 0-9, A-F, a-f).</p>
1.1 mike 3456:
3457: <p>When it comes to interpreting the number, interpret it as a
3458: hexadecimal number.</p>
3459:
3460: </dd>
3461:
3462:
3463: <dt>Anything else</dt>
3464:
3465: <dd>
3466:
3467: <p>Follow the steps below, but using the range of characters
1.464 mike 3468: U+0030 DIGIT ZERO (0) to U+0039 DIGIT NINE (9).</p>
1.1 mike 3469:
3470: <p>When it comes to interpreting the number, interpret it as a
3471: decimal number.</p>
3472:
3473: </dd>
3474:
3475: </dl><p>Consume as many characters as match the range of characters
3476: given above.</p>
3477:
3478: <p>If no characters match the range, then don't consume any
3479: characters (and unconsume the U+0023 NUMBER SIGN character and, if
3480: appropriate, the X character). This is a <a href="#parse-error">parse
3481: error</a>; nothing is returned.</p>
3482:
3483: <p>Otherwise, if the next character is a U+003B SEMICOLON, consume
3484: that too. If it isn't, there is a <a href="#parse-error">parse
3485: error</a>.</p>
3486:
3487: <p>If one or more characters match the range, then take them all
3488: and interpret the string of characters as a number (either
3489: hexadecimal or decimal as appropriate).</p>
3490:
3491: <p>If that number is one of the numbers in the first column of the
3492: following table, then this is a <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a>. Find the
3493: row with that number in the first column, and return a character
3494: token for the Unicode character given in the second column of that
3495: row.</p>
3496:
3497: <table><thead><tr><th>Number </th><th colspan="2">Unicode character
3498: </th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>0x00 </td><td>U+FFFD </td><td>REPLACEMENT CHARACTER
3499: </td></tr><tr><td>0x0D </td><td>U+000A </td><td>LINE FEED (LF)
1.464 mike 3500: </td></tr><tr><td>0x80 </td><td>U+20AC </td><td>EURO SIGN (€)
1.1 mike 3501: </td></tr><tr><td>0x81 </td><td>U+0081 </td><td><control>
1.464 mike 3502: </td></tr><tr><td>0x82 </td><td>U+201A </td><td>SINGLE LOW-9 QUOTATION MARK (‚)
3503: </td></tr><tr><td>0x83 </td><td>U+0192 </td><td>LATIN SMALL LETTER F WITH HOOK (ƒ)
3504: </td></tr><tr><td>0x84 </td><td>U+201E </td><td>DOUBLE LOW-9 QUOTATION MARK („)
3505: </td></tr><tr><td>0x85 </td><td>U+2026 </td><td>HORIZONTAL ELLIPSIS (…)
3506: </td></tr><tr><td>0x86 </td><td>U+2020 </td><td>DAGGER (†)
3507: </td></tr><tr><td>0x87 </td><td>U+2021 </td><td>DOUBLE DAGGER (‡)
3508: </td></tr><tr><td>0x88 </td><td>U+02C6 </td><td>MODIFIER LETTER CIRCUMFLEX ACCENT (ˆ)
3509: </td></tr><tr><td>0x89 </td><td>U+2030 </td><td>PER MILLE SIGN (‰)
3510: </td></tr><tr><td>0x8A </td><td>U+0160 </td><td>LATIN CAPITAL LETTER S WITH CARON (Š)
3511: </td></tr><tr><td>0x8B </td><td>U+2039 </td><td>SINGLE LEFT-POINTING ANGLE QUOTATION MARK (‹)
3512: </td></tr><tr><td>0x8C </td><td>U+0152 </td><td>LATIN CAPITAL LIGATURE OE (Œ)
1.1 mike 3513: </td></tr><tr><td>0x8D </td><td>U+008D </td><td><control>
1.464 mike 3514: </td></tr><tr><td>0x8E </td><td>U+017D </td><td>LATIN CAPITAL LETTER Z WITH CARON (Ž)
1.1 mike 3515: </td></tr><tr><td>0x8F </td><td>U+008F </td><td><control>
3516: </td></tr><tr><td>0x90 </td><td>U+0090 </td><td><control>
1.464 mike 3517: </td></tr><tr><td>0x91 </td><td>U+2018 </td><td>LEFT SINGLE QUOTATION MARK (‘)
3518: </td></tr><tr><td>0x92 </td><td>U+2019 </td><td>RIGHT SINGLE QUOTATION MARK (’)
3519: </td></tr><tr><td>0x93 </td><td>U+201C </td><td>LEFT DOUBLE QUOTATION MARK (“)
3520: </td></tr><tr><td>0x94 </td><td>U+201D </td><td>RIGHT DOUBLE QUOTATION MARK (”)
3521: </td></tr><tr><td>0x95 </td><td>U+2022 </td><td>BULLET (•)
3522: </td></tr><tr><td>0x96 </td><td>U+2013 </td><td>EN DASH (–)
3523: </td></tr><tr><td>0x97 </td><td>U+2014 </td><td>EM DASH (—)
3524: </td></tr><tr><td>0x98 </td><td>U+02DC </td><td>SMALL TILDE (˜)
3525: </td></tr><tr><td>0x99 </td><td>U+2122 </td><td>TRADE MARK SIGN (™)
3526: </td></tr><tr><td>0x9A </td><td>U+0161 </td><td>LATIN SMALL LETTER S WITH CARON (š)
3527: </td></tr><tr><td>0x9B </td><td>U+203A </td><td>SINGLE RIGHT-POINTING ANGLE QUOTATION MARK (›)
3528: </td></tr><tr><td>0x9C </td><td>U+0153 </td><td>LATIN SMALL LIGATURE OE (œ)
1.1 mike 3529: </td></tr><tr><td>0x9D </td><td>U+009D </td><td><control>
1.464 mike 3530: </td></tr><tr><td>0x9E </td><td>U+017E </td><td>LATIN SMALL LETTER Z WITH CARON (ž)
3531: </td></tr><tr><td>0x9F </td><td>U+0178 </td><td>LATIN CAPITAL LETTER Y WITH DIAERESIS (Ÿ)
1.315 mike 3532: </td></tr></tbody></table><p>Otherwise, if the number is in the range 0xD800 to 0xDFFF<!--
3533: surrogates not allowed; see the comment in the "preprocessing the
3534: input stream" section for details --> or is greater than 0x10FFFF,
3535: then this is a <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a>. Return a U+FFFD
3536: REPLACEMENT CHARACTER.</p>
1.18 mike 3537:
3538: <p>Otherwise, return a character token for the Unicode character
1.1 mike 3539: whose code point is that number.
3540:
3541: <!-- this is the same as the equivalent list in the input stream
3542: section -->
3543: If the number is in the range 0x0001 to 0x0008, <!-- HT, LF
3544: allowed --> <!-- U+000B is in the next list --> <!-- FF, CR
3545: allowed --> 0x000E to 0x001F, <!-- ASCII allowed --> 0x007F <!--to
1.315 mike 3546: 0x0084, (0x0085 NEL not allowed), 0x0086--> to 0x009F, 0xFDD0 to
3547: 0xFDEF, or is one of 0x000B, 0xFFFE, 0xFFFF, 0x1FFFE, 0x1FFFF,
3548: 0x2FFFE, 0x2FFFF, 0x3FFFE, 0x3FFFF, 0x4FFFE, 0x4FFFF, 0x5FFFE,
3549: 0x5FFFF, 0x6FFFE, 0x6FFFF, 0x7FFFE, 0x7FFFF, 0x8FFFE, 0x8FFFF,
3550: 0x9FFFE, 0x9FFFF, 0xAFFFE, 0xAFFFF, 0xBFFFE, 0xBFFFF, 0xCFFFE,
3551: 0xCFFFF, 0xDFFFE, 0xDFFFF, 0xEFFFE, 0xEFFFF, 0xFFFFE, 0xFFFFF,
3552: 0x10FFFE, or 0x10FFFF, then this is a <a href="#parse-error">parse
3553: error</a>.</p>
1.1 mike 3554:
3555: </dd>
3556:
3557:
3558: <dt>Anything else</dt>
3559:
3560: <dd>
3561:
3562: <p>Consume the maximum number of characters possible, with the
3563: consumed characters matching one of the identifiers in the first
3564: column of the <a href="named-character-references.html#named-character-references">named character references</a> table (in a
3565: <a href="infrastructure.html#case-sensitive">case-sensitive</a> manner).</p>
3566:
3567: <p>If no match can be made, then this is a <a href="#parse-error">parse
3568: error</a>. No characters are consumed, and nothing is
3569: returned.</p>
3570:
3571: <p>If the last character matched is not a U+003B SEMICOLON (<code title="">;</code>), there is a <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a>.</p>
3572:
3573: <p>If the character reference is being consumed <a href="#character-reference-in-attribute-value-state" title="character reference in attribute value state">as part of an
3574: attribute</a>, and the last character matched is not a U+003B
1.464 mike 3575: SEMICOLON character (<code title="">;</code>), and the next
3576: character is in the range U+0030 DIGIT ZERO (0) to U+0039 DIGIT
3577: NINE (9), U+0041 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A to U+005A LATIN CAPITAL
3578: LETTER Z, or U+0061 LATIN SMALL LETTER A to U+007A LATIN SMALL
3579: LETTER Z, then, for historical reasons, all the characters that
3580: were matched after the U+0026 AMPERSAND character (&) must be
3581: unconsumed, and nothing is returned.</p>
1.1 mike 3582:
3583: <p>Otherwise, return a character token for the character
3584: corresponding to the character reference name (as given by the
3585: second column of the <a href="named-character-references.html#named-character-references">named character references</a>
3586: table).</p>
3587:
3588: <div class="example">
3589:
3590: <p>If the markup contains <code title="">I'm &notit; I tell
3591: you</code>, the character reference is parsed as "not", as in,
3592: <code title="">I'm ¬it; I tell you</code>. But if the markup
3593: was <code title="">I'm &notin; I tell you</code>, the
3594: character reference would be parsed as "notin;", resulting in
3595: <code title="">I'm ∉ I tell you</code>.</p>
3596:
3597: </div>
3598:
3599: </dd>
3600:
1.266 mike 3601: </dl></div><div class="impl">
3602:
1.363 mike 3603: <!-- v2: One thing that this doesn't define is handling deeply
3604: nested documents. There are compatibility requirements around that:
3605: you can't throw away the elements altogether, consider Tux made only
3606: with opening <font> elements, one per character. Seems that the best
3607: thing to do is to close some formatting elements from the middle of
3608: the stack when you hit a limit, or something. -->
3609:
1.266 mike 3610: <h4 id="tree-construction"><span class="secno">9.2.5 </span><dfn>Tree construction</dfn></h4>
1.1 mike 3611:
3612: <p>The input to the tree construction stage is a sequence of tokens
3613: from the <a href="#tokenization">tokenization</a> stage. The tree construction
3614: stage is associated with a DOM <code>Document</code> object when a
3615: parser is created. The "output" of this stage consists of
3616: dynamically modifying or extending that document's DOM tree.</p>
3617:
3618: <p>This specification does not define when an interactive user agent
3619: has to render the <code>Document</code> so that it is available to
3620: the user, or when it has to begin accepting user input.</p>
3621:
3622: <p>As each token is emitted from the tokenizer, the user agent must
3623: process the token according to the rules given in the section
3624: corresponding to the current <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a>.</p>
3625:
3626: <p>When the steps below require the UA to <dfn id="insert-a-character">insert a
3627: character</dfn> into a node, if that node has a child immediately
3628: before where the character is to be inserted, and that child is a
3629: <code>Text</code> node, and that <code>Text</code> node was the last
3630: node that the parser inserted into the document, then the character
3631: must be appended to that <code>Text</code> node; otherwise, a new
3632: <code>Text</code> node whose data is just that character must be
3633: inserted in the appropriate place.</p>
3634:
3635: <div class="example">
3636:
3637: <p>Here are some sample inputs to the parser and the corresponding
3638: number of text nodes that they result in, assuming a user agent
3639: that executes scripts.</p>
3640:
3641: <table><thead><tr><th>Input </th><th>Number of text nodes
3642: </th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td><pre>A<script>
3643: var script = document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0];
3644: document.body.removeChild(script);
3645: </script>B</pre>
3646: </td><td>Two adjacent text nodes in the document, containing "A" and "B".
3647: </td></tr><tr><td><pre>A<script>
3648: var text = document.createTextNode('B');
3649: document.body.appendChild(text);
3650: </script>C</pre>
3651: </td><td>Four text nodes; "A" before the script, the script's contents, "B" after the script, and then, immediately after that, "C".
3652: </td></tr><tr><td><pre>A<script>
3653: var text = document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0].firstChild;
3654: text.data = 'B';
3655: document.body.appendChild(text);
3656: </script>B</pre>
3657: </td><td>Two adjacent text nodes in the document, containing "A" and "BB".
3658: </td></tr><tr><td><pre>A<table>B<tr>C</tr>C</table></pre>
3659: </td><td>Three adjacent text nodes before the table, containing "A", "B", and "CC" respectively. (This is caused by <a href="#foster-parent" title="foster parent">foster parenting</a>.)
3660: </td></tr><tr><td><pre>A<table><tr> B</tr> B</table></pre>
3661: </td><td>Two adjacent text nodes before the table, containing "A" and " B B" (space-B-space-B) respectively. (This is caused by <a href="#foster-parent" title="foster parent">foster parenting</a>.)
3662: </td></tr><tr><td><pre>A<table><tr> B</tr> </em>C</table></pre>
3663: </td><td>Three adjacent text nodes before the table, containing "A", " B" (space-B), and "C" respectively, and one text node inside the table (as a child of a <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tbody-element">tbody</a></code>) with a single space character. (Space characters separated from non-space characters by non-character tokens are not affected by <a href="#foster-parent" title="foster parent">foster parenting</a>, even if those other tokens then get ignored.)
3664: </td></tr></tbody></table></div>
3665:
3666: <p id="mutation-during-parsing">DOM mutation events must not fire
3667: for changes caused by the UA parsing the document. (Conceptually,
3668: the parser is not mutating the DOM, it is constructing it.) This
1.159 mike 3669: includes the parsing of any content inserted using <code title="dom-document-write"><a href="embedded-content-0.html#dom-document-write">document.write()</a></code> and <code title="dom-document-writeln"><a href="embedded-content-0.html#dom-document-writeln">document.writeln()</a></code> calls. <a href="references.html#refsDOMEVENTS">[DOMEVENTS]</a></p>
1.1 mike 3670:
3671: <p class="note">Not all of the tag names mentioned below are
3672: conformant tag names in this specification; many are included to
3673: handle legacy content. They still form part of the algorithm that
3674: implementations are required to implement to claim conformance.</p>
3675:
3676: <p class="note">The algorithm described below places no limit on the
3677: depth of the DOM tree generated, or on the length of tag names,
3678: attribute names, attribute values, text nodes, etc. While
3679: implementors are encouraged to avoid arbitrary limits, it is
3680: recognized that <a href="infrastructure.html#hardwareLimitations">practical
1.445 mike 3681: concerns</a> will likely force user agents to impose nesting depth
3682: constraints.</p>
1.1 mike 3683:
3684:
3685: <h5 id="creating-and-inserting-elements"><span class="secno">9.2.5.1 </span>Creating and inserting elements</h5>
3686:
3687: <p>When the steps below require the UA to <dfn id="create-an-element-for-the-token" title="create an
3688: element for the token">create an element for a token</dfn> in a
3689: particular namespace, the UA must create a node implementing the
3690: interface appropriate for the element type corresponding to the tag
3691: name of the token in the given namespace (as given in the
3692: specification that defines that element, e.g. for an <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-a-element">a</a></code>
3693: element in the <a href="#html-namespace-0">HTML namespace</a>, this specification
3694: defines it to be the <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#htmlanchorelement">HTMLAnchorElement</a></code> interface), with
3695: the tag name being the name of that element, with the node being in
3696: the given namespace, and with the attributes on the node being those
3697: given in the given token.</p>
3698:
3699: <p>The interface appropriate for an element in the <a href="#html-namespace-0">HTML
1.426 mike 3700: namespace</a> that is not defined in this specification (or
3701: <a href="infrastructure.html#other-applicable-specifications">other applicable specifications</a>) is
1.44 mike 3702: <code><a href="dom.html#htmlunknownelement">HTMLUnknownElement</a></code>. Element in other namespaces whose
1.1 mike 3703: interface is not defined by that namespace's specification must use
3704: the interface <code>Element</code>.</p>
3705:
3706: <p>When a <a href="forms.html#category-reset" title="category-reset">resettable</a> element is
3707: created in this manner, its <a href="forms.html#concept-form-reset-control" title="concept-form-reset-control">reset algorithm</a> must be
3708: invoked once the attributes are set. (This initializes the element's
3709: <a href="forms.html#concept-fe-value" title="concept-fe-value">value</a> and <a href="forms.html#concept-fe-checked" title="concept-fe-checked">checkedness</a> based on the element's
3710: attributes.)</p>
3711:
3712: <hr><p>When the steps below require the UA to <dfn id="insert-an-html-element">insert an HTML
3713: element</dfn> for a token, the UA must first <a href="#create-an-element-for-the-token">create an element
3714: for the token</a> in the <a href="#html-namespace-0">HTML namespace</a>, and then
3715: append this node to the <a href="#current-node">current node</a>, and push it onto
3716: the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> so that it is the new
3717: <a href="#current-node">current node</a>.</p>
3718:
3719: <p>The steps below may also require that the UA insert an HTML
3720: element in a particular place, in which case the UA must follow the
3721: same steps except that it must insert or append the new node in the
3722: location specified instead of appending it to the <a href="#current-node">current
3723: node</a>. (This happens in particular during the parsing of
3724: tables with invalid content.)</p>
3725:
3726: <p>If an element created by the <a href="#insert-an-html-element">insert an HTML element</a>
3727: algorithm is a <a href="forms.html#form-associated-element">form-associated element</a>, and the
3728: <a href="#form-element-pointer"><code title="">form</code> element pointer</a> is not null,
3729: and the newly created element doesn't have a <code title="attr-fae-form"><a href="forms.html#attr-fae-form">form</a></code> attribute, the user agent must
3730: <a href="forms.html#concept-form-association" title="concept-form-association">associate</a> the newly
3731: created element with the <code><a href="forms.html#the-form-element">form</a></code> element pointed to by the
3732: <a href="#form-element-pointer"><code title="">form</code> element pointer</a> before
3733: inserting it wherever it is to be inserted.</p>
3734:
3735: <hr><p>When the steps below require the UA to <dfn id="insert-a-foreign-element">insert a foreign
3736: element</dfn> for a token, the UA must first <a href="#create-an-element-for-the-token">create an element
3737: for the token</a> in the given namespace, and then append this
3738: node to the <a href="#current-node">current node</a>, and push it onto the
3739: <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> so that it is the new
3740: <a href="#current-node">current node</a>. If the newly created element has an <code title="">xmlns</code> attribute in the <a href="#xmlns-namespace">XMLNS namespace</a>
3741: whose value is not exactly the same as the element's namespace, that
3742: is a <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a>. Similarly, if the newly created
3743: element has an <code title="">xmlns:xlink</code> attribute in the
3744: <a href="#xmlns-namespace">XMLNS namespace</a> whose value is not the <a href="#xlink-namespace">XLink
3745: Namespace</a>, that is a <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a>.</p>
3746:
3747: <p>When the steps below require the user agent to <dfn id="adjust-mathml-attributes">adjust MathML
3748: attributes</dfn> for a token, then, if the token has an attribute
3749: named <code title="">definitionurl</code>, change its name to <code title="">definitionURL</code> (note the case difference).</p>
3750:
3751: <p>When the steps below require the user agent to <dfn id="adjust-svg-attributes">adjust SVG
3752: attributes</dfn> for a token, then, for each attribute on the token
3753: whose attribute name is one of the ones in the first column of the
3754: following table, change the attribute's name to the name given in
3755: the corresponding cell in the second column. (This fixes the case of
3756: SVG attributes that are not all lowercase.)</p>
3757:
3758: <table><thead><tr><th> Attribute name on token </th><th> Attribute name on element
3759: </th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td> <code title="">attributename</code> </td><td> <code title="">attributeName</code>
3760: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">attributetype</code> </td><td> <code title="">attributeType</code>
3761: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">basefrequency</code> </td><td> <code title="">baseFrequency</code>
3762: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">baseprofile</code> </td><td> <code title="">baseProfile</code>
3763: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">calcmode</code> </td><td> <code title="">calcMode</code>
3764: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">clippathunits</code> </td><td> <code title="">clipPathUnits</code>
3765: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">contentscripttype</code> </td><td> <code title="">contentScriptType</code>
3766: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">contentstyletype</code> </td><td> <code title="">contentStyleType</code>
3767: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">diffuseconstant</code> </td><td> <code title="">diffuseConstant</code>
3768: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">edgemode</code> </td><td> <code title="">edgeMode</code>
3769: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">externalresourcesrequired</code> </td><td> <code title="">externalResourcesRequired</code>
3770: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">filterres</code> </td><td> <code title="">filterRes</code>
3771: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">filterunits</code> </td><td> <code title="">filterUnits</code>
3772: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">glyphref</code> </td><td> <code title="">glyphRef</code>
3773: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">gradienttransform</code> </td><td> <code title="">gradientTransform</code>
3774: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">gradientunits</code> </td><td> <code title="">gradientUnits</code>
3775: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">kernelmatrix</code> </td><td> <code title="">kernelMatrix</code>
3776: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">kernelunitlength</code> </td><td> <code title="">kernelUnitLength</code>
3777: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">keypoints</code> </td><td> <code title="">keyPoints</code>
3778: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">keysplines</code> </td><td> <code title="">keySplines</code>
3779: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">keytimes</code> </td><td> <code title="">keyTimes</code>
3780: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">lengthadjust</code> </td><td> <code title="">lengthAdjust</code>
3781: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">limitingconeangle</code> </td><td> <code title="">limitingConeAngle</code>
3782: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">markerheight</code> </td><td> <code title="">markerHeight</code>
3783: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">markerunits</code> </td><td> <code title="">markerUnits</code>
3784: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">markerwidth</code> </td><td> <code title="">markerWidth</code>
3785: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">maskcontentunits</code> </td><td> <code title="">maskContentUnits</code>
3786: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">maskunits</code> </td><td> <code title="">maskUnits</code>
3787: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">numoctaves</code> </td><td> <code title="">numOctaves</code>
3788: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">pathlength</code> </td><td> <code title="">pathLength</code>
3789: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">patterncontentunits</code> </td><td> <code title="">patternContentUnits</code>
3790: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">patterntransform</code> </td><td> <code title="">patternTransform</code>
3791: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">patternunits</code> </td><td> <code title="">patternUnits</code>
3792: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">pointsatx</code> </td><td> <code title="">pointsAtX</code>
3793: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">pointsaty</code> </td><td> <code title="">pointsAtY</code>
3794: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">pointsatz</code> </td><td> <code title="">pointsAtZ</code>
3795: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">preservealpha</code> </td><td> <code title="">preserveAlpha</code>
3796: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">preserveaspectratio</code> </td><td> <code title="">preserveAspectRatio</code>
3797: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">primitiveunits</code> </td><td> <code title="">primitiveUnits</code>
3798: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">refx</code> </td><td> <code title="">refX</code>
3799: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">refy</code> </td><td> <code title="">refY</code>
3800: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">repeatcount</code> </td><td> <code title="">repeatCount</code>
3801: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">repeatdur</code> </td><td> <code title="">repeatDur</code>
3802: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">requiredextensions</code> </td><td> <code title="">requiredExtensions</code>
3803: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">requiredfeatures</code> </td><td> <code title="">requiredFeatures</code>
3804: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">specularconstant</code> </td><td> <code title="">specularConstant</code>
3805: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">specularexponent</code> </td><td> <code title="">specularExponent</code>
3806: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">spreadmethod</code> </td><td> <code title="">spreadMethod</code>
3807: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">startoffset</code> </td><td> <code title="">startOffset</code>
3808: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">stddeviation</code> </td><td> <code title="">stdDeviation</code>
3809: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">stitchtiles</code> </td><td> <code title="">stitchTiles</code>
3810: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">surfacescale</code> </td><td> <code title="">surfaceScale</code>
3811: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">systemlanguage</code> </td><td> <code title="">systemLanguage</code>
3812: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">tablevalues</code> </td><td> <code title="">tableValues</code>
3813: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">targetx</code> </td><td> <code title="">targetX</code>
3814: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">targety</code> </td><td> <code title="">targetY</code>
3815: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">textlength</code> </td><td> <code title="">textLength</code>
3816: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">viewbox</code> </td><td> <code title="">viewBox</code>
3817: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">viewtarget</code> </td><td> <code title="">viewTarget</code>
3818: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">xchannelselector</code> </td><td> <code title="">xChannelSelector</code>
3819: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">ychannelselector</code> </td><td> <code title="">yChannelSelector</code>
3820: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">zoomandpan</code> </td><td> <code title="">zoomAndPan</code>
3821: </td></tr></tbody></table><p>When the steps below require the user agent to <dfn id="adjust-foreign-attributes">adjust
3822: foreign attributes</dfn> for a token, then, if any of the attributes
3823: on the token match the strings given in the first column of the
3824: following table, let the attribute be a namespaced attribute, with
3825: the prefix being the string given in the corresponding cell in the
3826: second column, the local name being the string given in the
3827: corresponding cell in the third column, and the namespace being the
3828: namespace given in the corresponding cell in the fourth
3829: column. (This fixes the use of namespaced attributes, in particular
3830: <a href="dom.html#attr-xml-lang" title="attr-xml-lang"><code title="">lang</code> attributes in
3831: the <span>XML namespace</span></a>.)</p>
3832:
3833: <table><thead><tr><th> Attribute name </th><th> Prefix </th><th> Local name </th><th> Namespace
3834: </th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td> <code title="">xlink:actuate</code> </td><td> <code title="">xlink</code> </td><td> <code title="">actuate</code> </td><td> <a href="#xlink-namespace">XLink namespace</a>
3835: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">xlink:arcrole</code> </td><td> <code title="">xlink</code> </td><td> <code title="">arcrole</code> </td><td> <a href="#xlink-namespace">XLink namespace</a>
3836: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">xlink:href</code> </td><td> <code title="">xlink</code> </td><td> <code title="">href</code> </td><td> <a href="#xlink-namespace">XLink namespace</a>
3837: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">xlink:role</code> </td><td> <code title="">xlink</code> </td><td> <code title="">role</code> </td><td> <a href="#xlink-namespace">XLink namespace</a>
3838: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">xlink:show</code> </td><td> <code title="">xlink</code> </td><td> <code title="">show</code> </td><td> <a href="#xlink-namespace">XLink namespace</a>
3839: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">xlink:title</code> </td><td> <code title="">xlink</code> </td><td> <code title="">title</code> </td><td> <a href="#xlink-namespace">XLink namespace</a>
3840: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">xlink:type</code> </td><td> <code title="">xlink</code> </td><td> <code title="">type</code> </td><td> <a href="#xlink-namespace">XLink namespace</a>
3841: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">xml:base</code> </td><td> <code title="">xml</code> </td><td> <code title="">base</code> </td><td> <a href="#xml-namespace">XML namespace</a> <!-- attr-xml-base -->
3842: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">xml:lang</code> </td><td> <code title="">xml</code> </td><td> <code title="">lang</code> </td><td> <a href="#xml-namespace">XML namespace</a>
3843: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">xml:space</code> </td><td> <code title="">xml</code> </td><td> <code title="">space</code> </td><td> <a href="#xml-namespace">XML namespace</a>
3844: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">xmlns</code> </td><td> (none) </td><td> <code title="">xmlns</code> </td><td> <a href="#xmlns-namespace">XMLNS namespace</a>
3845: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">xmlns:xlink</code> </td><td> <code title="">xmlns</code> </td><td> <code title="">xlink</code> </td><td> <a href="#xmlns-namespace">XMLNS namespace</a>
1.91 mike 3846: </td></tr></tbody></table><hr><p>The <dfn id="generic-raw-text-element-parsing-algorithm">generic raw text element parsing algorithm</dfn> and the
1.1 mike 3847: <dfn id="generic-rcdata-element-parsing-algorithm">generic RCDATA element parsing algorithm</dfn> consist of the
3848: following steps. These algorithms are always invoked in response to
3849: a start tag token.</p>
3850:
3851: <ol><li><p><a href="#insert-an-html-element">Insert an HTML element</a> for the token.</p></li>
3852:
1.91 mike 3853: <li><p>If the algorithm that was invoked is the <a href="#generic-raw-text-element-parsing-algorithm">generic raw
3854: text element parsing algorithm</a>, switch the tokenizer's
3855: <a href="#content-model-flag">content model flag</a> to the RAWTEXT state; otherwise the
1.1 mike 3856: algorithm invoked was the <a href="#generic-rcdata-element-parsing-algorithm">generic RCDATA element parsing
3857: algorithm</a>, switch the tokenizer's <a href="#content-model-flag">content model
3858: flag</a> to the RCDATA state.</p></li>
3859:
3860: <li><p>Let the <a href="#original-insertion-mode">original insertion mode</a> be the current
3861: <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a>.</p>
3862:
1.91 mike 3863: </li><li><p>Then, switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to "<a href="#parsing-main-incdata" title="insertion mode: in RAWTEXT/RCDATA">in
3864: RAWTEXT/RCDATA</a>".</p></li>
1.1 mike 3865:
3866: </ol><h5 id="closing-elements-that-have-implied-end-tags"><span class="secno">9.2.5.2 </span>Closing elements that have implied end tags</h5>
3867:
3868: <p>When the steps below require the UA to <dfn id="generate-implied-end-tags">generate implied end
3869: tags</dfn>, then, while the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> is a
1.422 mike 3870: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-dd-element">dd</a></code> element, a <code><a href="semantics.html#the-dt-element">dt</a></code> element, an
1.1 mike 3871: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-li-element">li</a></code> element, an <code><a href="forms.html#the-option-element">option</a></code> element, an
3872: <code><a href="forms.html#the-optgroup-element">optgroup</a></code> element, a <code><a href="semantics.html#the-p-element">p</a></code> element, an
3873: <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-rp-element">rp</a></code> element, or an <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-rt-element">rt</a></code> element, the UA must
3874: pop the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> off the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open
3875: elements</a>.</p>
3876:
3877: <p>If a step requires the UA to generate implied end tags but lists
3878: an element to exclude from the process, then the UA must perform the
3879: above steps as if that element was not in the above list.</p>
3880:
3881:
3882: <h5 id="foster-parenting"><span class="secno">9.2.5.3 </span>Foster parenting</h5>
3883:
3884: <p>Foster parenting happens when content is misnested in tables.</p>
3885:
3886: <p>When a node <var title="">node</var> is to be <dfn id="foster-parent" title="foster
3887: parent">foster parented</dfn>, the node <var title="">node</var>
3888: must be inserted into the <i><a href="#foster-parent-element">foster parent element</a></i>.</p>
3889:
3890: <p>The <dfn id="foster-parent-element">foster parent element</dfn> is the parent element of the
3891: last <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-table-element">table</a></code> element in the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open
3892: elements</a>, if there is a <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-table-element">table</a></code> element and it has
3893: such a parent element. If there is no <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-table-element">table</a></code> element in
3894: the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> (<a href="#fragment-case">fragment
3895: case</a>), then the <i><a href="#foster-parent-element">foster parent element</a></i> is the first
3896: element in the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> (the
1.159 mike 3897: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element-0">html</a></code> element). Otherwise, if there is a
1.1 mike 3898: <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-table-element">table</a></code> element in the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open
3899: elements</a>, but the last <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-table-element">table</a></code> element in the
3900: <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> has no parent, or its parent
3901: node is not an element, then the <i><a href="#foster-parent-element">foster parent element</a></i> is
3902: the element before the last <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-table-element">table</a></code> element in the
3903: <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a>.</p>
3904:
3905: <p>If the <i><a href="#foster-parent-element">foster parent element</a></i> is the parent element of the
3906: last <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-table-element">table</a></code> element in the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open
3907: elements</a>, then <var title="">node</var> must be inserted
3908: immediately <em>before</em> the last <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-table-element">table</a></code> element in
3909: the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> in the <i><a href="#foster-parent-element">foster parent
3910: element</a></i>; otherwise, <var title="">node</var> must be
3911: <em>appended</em> to the <i><a href="#foster-parent-element">foster parent element</a></i>.</p>
3912:
3913:
3914:
3915: <h5 id="the-initial-insertion-mode"><span class="secno">9.2.5.4 </span>The "<dfn title="insertion mode: initial">initial</dfn>" insertion mode</h5>
3916:
3917: <p>When the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> is "<a href="#the-initial-insertion-mode" title="insertion
3918: mode: initial">initial</a>", tokens must be handled as follows:</p>
3919:
3920: <dl class="switch"><dt>A character token that is one of U+0009 CHARACTER
3921: TABULATION, U+000A LINE FEED (LF), U+000C FORM FEED (FF),
3922: <!--U+000D CARRIAGE RETURN (CR),--> or U+0020 SPACE</dt>
3923: <dd>
3924: <p>Ignore the token.</p>
3925: </dd>
3926:
3927: <dt>A comment token</dt>
3928: <dd>
3929: <p>Append a <code>Comment</code> node to the <code>Document</code>
3930: object with the <code title="">data</code> attribute set to the
3931: data given in the comment token.</p>
3932: </dd>
3933:
3934: <dt>A DOCTYPE token</dt>
3935: <dd>
3936:
3937: <p>If the DOCTYPE token's name is not a
3938: <a href="infrastructure.html#case-sensitive">case-sensitive</a> match for the string "<code title="">html</code>", or the token's public identifier is not
3939: missing, or the token's system identifier is neither missing nor a
3940: <a href="infrastructure.html#case-sensitive">case-sensitive</a> match for the string
1.465 mike 3941: "<code><a href="infrastructure.html#about:legacy-compat">about:legacy-compat</a></code>", and none of the sets of
1.1 mike 3942: conditions in the following list are matched, then there is a
3943: <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a>. If one of the sets of conditions in the
3944: following list is matched, then there is an <dfn id="obsolete-permitted-doctype">obsolete
3945: permitted DOCTYPE</dfn>.</p>
3946:
3947: <ul><!-- only things that trigger no-quirks mode and were valid in
3948: some other spec are allowed in this list --><li>The DOCTYPE token's name is an <a href="infrastructure.html#ascii-case-insensitive">ASCII
1.98 mike 3949: case-insensitive</a> match for the string "<code title="">html</code>", the token's public identifier is the
1.1 mike 3950: <a href="infrastructure.html#case-sensitive">case-sensitive</a> string "<code title="">-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0//EN</code>", and the
3951: token's system identifier is either missing or the
3952: <a href="infrastructure.html#case-sensitive">case-sensitive</a> string "<code title="">http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40/strict.dtd</code>".</li>
3953:
3954: <li>The DOCTYPE token's name is an <a href="infrastructure.html#ascii-case-insensitive">ASCII
1.98 mike 3955: case-insensitive</a> match for the string "<code title="">html</code>", the token's public identifier is the
1.1 mike 3956: <a href="infrastructure.html#case-sensitive">case-sensitive</a> string "<code title="">-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN</code>", and the
3957: token's system identifier is either missing or the
3958: <a href="infrastructure.html#case-sensitive">case-sensitive</a> string "<code title="">http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/strict.dtd</code>".</li>
3959:
3960: <li>The DOCTYPE token's name is an <a href="infrastructure.html#ascii-case-insensitive">ASCII
1.98 mike 3961: case-insensitive</a> match for the string "<code title="">html</code>", the token's public identifier is the
1.1 mike 3962: <a href="infrastructure.html#case-sensitive">case-sensitive</a> string "<code title="">-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN</code>",
3963: and the token's system identifier is the
3964: <a href="infrastructure.html#case-sensitive">case-sensitive</a> string "<code title="">http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd</code>".</li>
3965:
3966: <li>The DOCTYPE token's name is an <a href="infrastructure.html#ascii-case-insensitive">ASCII
1.98 mike 3967: case-insensitive</a> match for the string "<code title="">html</code>", the token's public identifier is the
1.1 mike 3968: <a href="infrastructure.html#case-sensitive">case-sensitive</a> string "<code title="">-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.1//EN</code>", and the
3969: token's system identifier is the <a href="infrastructure.html#case-sensitive">case-sensitive</a>
3970: string "<code title="">http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml11/DTD/xhtml11.dtd</code>".</li>
3971:
3972: </ul><p>Conformance checkers may, based on the values (including
3973: presence or lack thereof) of the DOCTYPE token's name, public
3974: identifier, or system identifier, switch to a conformance checking
3975: mode for another language (e.g. based on the DOCTYPE token a
3976: conformance checker could recognize that the document is an
1.183 mike 3977: HTML4-era document, and defer to an HTML4 conformance
1.1 mike 3978: checker.)</p>
3979:
3980: <p>Append a <code>DocumentType</code> node to the
3981: <code>Document</code> node, with the <code title="">name</code>
3982: attribute set to the name given in the DOCTYPE token, or the empty
3983: string if the name was missing; the <code title="">publicId</code>
3984: attribute set to the public identifier given in the DOCTYPE token,
3985: or the empty string if the public identifier was missing; the
3986: <code title="">systemId</code> attribute set to the system
3987: identifier given in the DOCTYPE token, or the empty string if the
3988: system identifier was missing; and the other attributes specific
3989: to <code>DocumentType</code> objects set to null and empty lists
3990: as appropriate. Associate the <code>DocumentType</code> node with
3991: the <code>Document</code> object so that it is returned as the
3992: value of the <code title="">doctype</code> attribute of the
3993: <code>Document</code> object.</p>
3994:
3995: <p id="quirks-mode-doctypes">Then, if the DOCTYPE token matches
3996: one of the conditions in the following list, then set the
3997: <code>Document</code> to <a href="dom.html#quirks-mode">quirks mode</a>:</p>
3998:
3999: <ul class="brief"><li> The <i>force-quirks flag</i> is set to <i>on</i>. </li>
4000: <li> The name is set to anything other than "<code title="">HTML</code>". </li>
4001: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">+//Silmaril//dtd html Pro v0r11 19970101//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
4002: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//AdvaSoft Ltd//DTD HTML 3.0 asWedit + extensions//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
4003: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//AS//DTD HTML 3.0 asWedit + extensions//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
4004: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//IETF//DTD HTML 2.0 Level 1//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
4005: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//IETF//DTD HTML 2.0 Level 2//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
4006: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//IETF//DTD HTML 2.0 Strict Level 1//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
4007: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//IETF//DTD HTML 2.0 Strict Level 2//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
4008: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//IETF//DTD HTML 2.0 Strict//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
4009: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//IETF//DTD HTML 2.0//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
4010: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//IETF//DTD HTML 2.1E//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
4011: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//IETF//DTD HTML 3.0//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
4012: <!--<li> The public identifier is set to: "<code title="">-//IETF//DTD HTML 3.0//EN//</code>" </li>-->
4013: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//IETF//DTD HTML 3.2 Final//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
4014: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//IETF//DTD HTML 3.2//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
4015: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//IETF//DTD HTML 3//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
4016: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//IETF//DTD HTML Level 0//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
4017: <!--<li> The public identifier is set to: "<code title="">-//IETF//DTD HTML Level 0//EN//2.0</code>" </li>-->
4018: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//IETF//DTD HTML Level 1//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
4019: <!--<li> The public identifier is set to: "<code title="">-//IETF//DTD HTML Level 1//EN//2.0</code>" </li>-->
4020: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//IETF//DTD HTML Level 2//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
4021: <!--<li> The public identifier is set to: "<code title="">-//IETF//DTD HTML Level 2//EN//2.0</code>" </li>-->
4022: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//IETF//DTD HTML Level 3//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
4023: <!--<li> The public identifier is set to: "<code title="">-//IETF//DTD HTML Level 3//EN//3.0</code>" </li>-->
4024: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//IETF//DTD HTML Strict Level 0//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
4025: <!--<li> The public identifier is set to: "<code title="">-//IETF//DTD HTML Strict Level 0//EN//2.0</code>" </li>-->
4026: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//IETF//DTD HTML Strict Level 1//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
4027: <!--<li> The public identifier is set to: "<code title="">-//IETF//DTD HTML Strict Level 1//EN//2.0</code>" </li>-->
4028: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//IETF//DTD HTML Strict Level 2//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
4029: <!--<li> The public identifier is set to: "<code title="">-//IETF//DTD HTML Strict Level 2//EN//2.0</code>" </li>-->
4030: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//IETF//DTD HTML Strict Level 3//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
4031: <!--<li> The public identifier is set to: "<code title="">-//IETF//DTD HTML Strict Level 3//EN//3.0</code>" </li>-->
4032: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//IETF//DTD HTML Strict//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
4033: <!--<li> The public identifier is set to: "<code title="">-//IETF//DTD HTML Strict//EN//2.0</code>" </li>-->
4034: <!--<li> The public identifier is set to: "<code title="">-//IETF//DTD HTML Strict//EN//3.0</code>" </li>-->
4035: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//IETF//DTD HTML//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
4036: <!--<li> The public identifier is set to: "<code title="">-//IETF//DTD HTML//EN//2.0</code>" </li>-->
4037: <!--<li> The public identifier is set to: "<code title="">-//IETF//DTD HTML//EN//3.0</code>" </li>-->
4038: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//Metrius//DTD Metrius Presentational//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
4039: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//Microsoft//DTD Internet Explorer 2.0 HTML Strict//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
4040: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//Microsoft//DTD Internet Explorer 2.0 HTML//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
4041: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//Microsoft//DTD Internet Explorer 2.0 Tables//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
4042: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//Microsoft//DTD Internet Explorer 3.0 HTML Strict//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
4043: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//Microsoft//DTD Internet Explorer 3.0 HTML//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
4044: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//Microsoft//DTD Internet Explorer 3.0 Tables//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
4045: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//Netscape Comm. Corp.//DTD HTML//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
4046: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//Netscape Comm. Corp.//DTD Strict HTML//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
4047: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//O'Reilly and Associates//DTD HTML 2.0//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
4048: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//O'Reilly and Associates//DTD HTML Extended 1.0//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
4049: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//O'Reilly and Associates//DTD HTML Extended Relaxed 1.0//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
4050: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//SoftQuad Software//DTD HoTMetaL PRO 6.0::19990601::extensions to HTML 4.0//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
4051: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//SoftQuad//DTD HoTMetaL PRO 4.0::19971010::extensions to HTML 4.0//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
4052: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//Spyglass//DTD HTML 2.0 Extended//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
4053: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//SQ//DTD HTML 2.0 HoTMetaL + extensions//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
4054: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//Sun Microsystems Corp.//DTD HotJava HTML//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
4055: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//Sun Microsystems Corp.//DTD HotJava Strict HTML//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
4056: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//W3C//DTD HTML 3 1995-03-24//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
4057: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//W3C//DTD HTML 3.2 Draft//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
4058: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//W3C//DTD HTML 3.2 Final//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
4059: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//W3C//DTD HTML 3.2//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
4060: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//W3C//DTD HTML 3.2S Draft//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
4061: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Frameset//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
4062: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
4063: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//W3C//DTD HTML Experimental 19960712//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
4064: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//W3C//DTD HTML Experimental 970421//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
4065: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//W3C//DTD W3 HTML//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
4066: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//W3O//DTD W3 HTML 3.0//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
4067: <!--<li> The public identifier is set to: "<code title="">-//W3O//DTD W3 HTML 3.0//EN//</code>" </li>-->
4068: <li> The public identifier is set to: "<code title="">-//W3O//DTD W3 HTML Strict 3.0//EN//</code>" </li>
4069: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//WebTechs//DTD Mozilla HTML 2.0//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
4070: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//WebTechs//DTD Mozilla HTML//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
4071: <li> The public identifier is set to: "<code title="">-/W3C/DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional/EN</code>" </li>
4072: <li> The public identifier is set to: "<code title="">HTML</code>" </li>
4073: <li> The system identifier is set to: "<code title="">http://www.ibm.com/data/dtd/v11/ibmxhtml1-transitional.dtd</code>" </li>
4074: <li> The system identifier is missing and the public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Frameset//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
4075: <li> The system identifier is missing and the public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
4076: </ul><p>Otherwise, if the DOCTYPE token matches one of the conditions
4077: in the following list, then set the <code>Document</code> to
4078: <a href="dom.html#limited-quirks-mode">limited quirks mode</a>:</p>
4079:
4080: <ul class="brief"><li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Frameset//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
4081: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
4082: <li> The system identifier is not missing and the public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Frameset//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
4083: <li> The system identifier is not missing and the public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
4084: </ul><p>The name, system identifier, and public identifier strings must
4085: be compared to the values given in the lists above in an
4086: <a href="infrastructure.html#ascii-case-insensitive">ASCII case-insensitive</a> manner. A system identifier
4087: whose value is the empty string is not considered missing for the
4088: purposes of the conditions above.</p>
4089:
4090: <p>Then, switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to "<a href="#the-before-html-insertion-mode" title="insertion mode: before html">before html</a>".</p>
4091:
4092: </dd>
4093:
4094: <dt>Anything else</dt>
4095: <dd>
4096:
4097: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>.</p>
4098:
4099: <p>Set the <code>Document</code> to <a href="dom.html#quirks-mode">quirks mode</a>.</p>
4100:
4101: <p>Switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to "<a href="#the-before-html-insertion-mode" title="insertion mode: before html">before html</a>", then
4102: reprocess the current token.</p>
4103:
4104: </dd>
4105:
4106: </dl><h5 id="the-before-html-insertion-mode"><span class="secno">9.2.5.5 </span>The "<dfn title="insertion mode: before html">before html</dfn>" insertion mode</h5>
4107:
4108: <p>When the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> is "<a href="#the-before-html-insertion-mode" title="insertion
4109: mode: before html">before html</a>", tokens must be handled as follows:</p>
4110:
4111: <dl class="switch"><dt>A DOCTYPE token</dt>
4112: <dd>
4113: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Ignore the token.</p>
4114: </dd>
4115:
4116: <dt>A comment token</dt>
4117: <dd>
4118: <p>Append a <code>Comment</code> node to the <code>Document</code>
4119: object with the <code title="">data</code> attribute set to the
4120: data given in the comment token.</p>
4121: </dd>
4122:
4123: <dt>A character token that is one of U+0009 CHARACTER
4124: TABULATION, U+000A LINE FEED (LF), U+000C FORM FEED (FF),
4125: <!--U+000D CARRIAGE RETURN (CR),--> or U+0020 SPACE</dt>
4126: <dd>
4127: <p>Ignore the token.</p>
4128: </dd>
4129:
4130: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "html"</dt>
4131: <dd>
4132:
4133: <p><a href="#create-an-element-for-the-token">Create an element for the token</a> in the <a href="#html-namespace-0">HTML
4134: namespace</a>. Append it to the <code>Document</code>
4135: object. Put this element in the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open
4136: elements</a>.</p>
4137:
4138: <p id="parser-appcache">If the <code>Document</code> is being
4139: loaded as part of <a href="history.html#navigate" title="navigate">navigation</a> of a
4140: <a href="browsers.html#browsing-context">browsing context</a>, then: if the newly created element
4141: has a <code title="attr-html-manifest"><a href="semantics.html#attr-html-manifest">manifest</a></code> attribute,
4142: then <a href="infrastructure.html#resolve-a-url" title="resolve a url">resolve</a> the value of that
4143: attribute to an <a href="infrastructure.html#absolute-url">absolute URL</a>, relative to the newly
4144: created element, and if that is successful, run the <a href="offline.html#concept-appcache-init" title="concept-appcache-init">application cache selection
1.29 mike 4145: algorithm</a> with the resulting <a href="infrastructure.html#absolute-url">absolute URL</a> with
4146: any <a href="infrastructure.html#url-fragment" title="url-fragment"><fragment></a> component
4147: removed; otherwise, if there is no such attribute or resolving it
4148: fails, run the <a href="offline.html#concept-appcache-init" title="concept-appcache-init">application
4149: cache selection algorithm</a> with no manifest. The algorithm
4150: must be passed the <code>Document</code> object.</p>
1.1 mike 4151:
4152: <p>Switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to "<a href="#the-before-head-insertion-mode" title="insertion mode: before head">before head</a>".</p>
4153:
4154: </dd>
4155:
1.334 mike 4156: <dt>An end tag whose tag name is one of: "head", "body", "html", "br"</dt>
4157: <dd>
4158: <p>Act as described in the "anything else" entry below.</p>
4159: </dd>
4160:
4161: <dt>Any other end tag</dt>
4162: <dd>
4163: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Ignore the token.</p>
4164: </dd>
4165:
1.1 mike 4166: <dt>Anything else</dt>
4167: <dd>
4168:
1.159 mike 4169: <p>Create an <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element-0">html</a></code> element. Append it to the
1.1 mike 4170: <code>Document</code> object. Put this element in the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack
4171: of open elements</a>.</p>
4172:
4173: <p>If the <code>Document</code> is being loaded as part of <a href="history.html#navigate" title="navigate">navigation</a> of a <a href="browsers.html#browsing-context">browsing
4174: context</a>, then: run the <a href="offline.html#concept-appcache-init" title="concept-appcache-init">application cache selection
4175: algorithm</a> with no manifest, passing it the
4176: <code>Document</code> object.</p>
4177:
4178: <p>Switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to "<a href="#the-before-head-insertion-mode" title="insertion mode: before head">before head</a>", then
4179: reprocess the current token.</p>
4180:
4181: </dd>
4182:
4183: </dl><p>The root element can end up being removed from the
4184: <code>Document</code> object, e.g. by scripts; nothing in particular
4185: happens in such cases, content continues being appended to the nodes
4186: as described in the next section.</p>
4187:
4188:
4189: <h5 id="the-before-head-insertion-mode"><span class="secno">9.2.5.6 </span>The "<dfn title="insertion mode: before head">before head</dfn>" insertion mode</h5>
4190:
4191: <p>When the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> is "<a href="#the-before-head-insertion-mode" title="insertion
4192: mode: before head">before head</a>", tokens must be handled as follows:</p>
4193:
4194: <dl class="switch"><dt>A character token that is one of U+0009 CHARACTER
4195: TABULATION, U+000A LINE FEED (LF), U+000C FORM FEED (FF),
4196: <!--U+000D CARRIAGE RETURN (CR),--> or U+0020 SPACE</dt>
4197: <dd>
4198: <p>Ignore the token.</p> <!-- :-( -->
4199: </dd>
4200:
4201: <dt>A comment token</dt>
4202: <dd>
4203: <p>Append a <code>Comment</code> node to the <a href="#current-node">current
4204: node</a> with the <code title="">data</code> attribute set to
4205: the data given in the comment token.</p>
4206: </dd>
4207:
4208: <dt>A DOCTYPE token</dt>
4209: <dd>
4210: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Ignore the token.</p>
4211: </dd>
4212:
4213: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "html"</dt>
4214: <dd>
4215: <p>Process the token <a href="#using-the-rules-for">using the rules for</a> the "<a href="#parsing-main-inbody" title="insertion mode: in body">in body</a>" <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion
4216: mode</a>.</p>
4217: </dd>
4218:
4219: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "head"</dt>
4220: <dd>
4221:
4222: <p><a href="#insert-an-html-element">Insert an HTML element</a> for the token.</p>
4223:
4224: <p>Set the <a href="#head-element-pointer"><code title="">head</code> element pointer</a>
1.159 mike 4225: to the newly created <code><a href="semantics.html#the-head-element-0">head</a></code> element.</p>
1.1 mike 4226:
4227: <p>Switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to "<a href="#parsing-main-inhead" title="insertion mode: in head">in head</a>".</p>
4228:
4229: </dd>
4230:
4231: <dt>An end tag whose tag name is one of: "head", "body", "html", "br"</dt>
4232: <dd>
4233:
4234: <p>Act as if a start tag token with the tag name "head" and no
4235: attributes had been seen, then reprocess the current token.</p>
4236:
4237: </dd>
4238:
4239: <dt>Any other end tag</dt>
4240: <dd>
4241:
4242: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Ignore the token.</p>
4243:
4244: </dd>
4245:
4246: <dt>Anything else</dt>
4247: <dd>
4248:
4249: <p>Act as if a start tag token with the tag name "head" and no
4250: attributes had been seen, then reprocess the current
4251: token.</p>
4252:
4253: </dd>
4254:
4255: </dl><h5 id="parsing-main-inhead"><span class="secno">9.2.5.7 </span>The "<dfn title="insertion mode: in head">in head</dfn>" insertion mode</h5>
4256:
4257: <p>When the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> is "<a href="#parsing-main-inhead" title="insertion
4258: mode: in head">in head</a>", tokens must be handled as follows:</p>
4259:
4260: <dl class="switch"><dt>A character token that is one of U+0009 CHARACTER
4261: TABULATION, U+000A LINE FEED (LF), U+000C FORM FEED (FF),
4262: <!--U+000D CARRIAGE RETURN (CR),--> or U+0020 SPACE</dt>
4263: <dd>
4264: <p><a href="#insert-a-character" title="insert a character">Insert the character</a> into
4265: the <a href="#current-node">current node</a>.</p>
4266: </dd>
4267:
4268: <dt>A comment token</dt>
4269: <dd>
4270: <p>Append a <code>Comment</code> node to the <a href="#current-node">current
4271: node</a> with the <code title="">data</code> attribute set to
4272: the data given in the comment token.</p>
4273: </dd>
4274:
4275: <dt>A DOCTYPE token</dt>
4276: <dd>
4277: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Ignore the token.</p>
4278: </dd>
4279:
4280: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "html"</dt>
4281: <dd>
4282: <p>Process the token <a href="#using-the-rules-for">using the rules for</a> the "<a href="#parsing-main-inbody" title="insertion mode: in body">in body</a>" <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion
4283: mode</a>.</p>
4284: </dd>
4285:
4286: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is one of: "base", "command",
4287: "link"</dt>
4288: <dd>
4289:
4290: <p><a href="#insert-an-html-element">Insert an HTML element</a> for the token. Immediately
4291: pop the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> off the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open
4292: elements</a>.</p>
4293:
4294: <p><a href="#acknowledge-self-closing-flag" title="acknowledge self-closing flag">Acknowledge the
4295: token's <i>self-closing flag</i></a>, if it is set.</p>
4296:
4297: </dd>
4298:
4299: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "meta"</dt>
4300: <dd>
4301:
4302: <p><a href="#insert-an-html-element">Insert an HTML element</a> for the token. Immediately
4303: pop the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> off the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open
4304: elements</a>.</p>
4305:
4306: <p><a href="#acknowledge-self-closing-flag" title="acknowledge self-closing flag">Acknowledge the
4307: token's <i>self-closing flag</i></a>, if it is set.</p>
4308:
4309: <p id="meta-charset-during-parse">If the element has a <code title="attr-meta-charset"><a href="semantics.html#attr-meta-charset">charset</a></code> attribute, and its
4310: value is a supported encoding, and the <a href="#concept-encoding-confidence" title="concept-encoding-confidence">confidence</a> is
4311: currently <i>tentative</i>, then <a href="#change-the-encoding">change the
4312: encoding</a> to the encoding given by the value of the
4313: <code title="attr-meta-charset"><a href="semantics.html#attr-meta-charset">charset</a></code> attribute.</p>
4314:
4315: <p>Otherwise, if the element has a <code title="attr-meta-charset"><a href="semantics.html#attr-meta-charset">content</a></code> attribute, and
4316: applying the <a href="infrastructure.html#algorithm-for-extracting-an-encoding-from-a-content-type">algorithm for extracting an encoding from a
4317: Content-Type</a> to its value returns a supported encoding
4318: <var title="">encoding</var>, and the <a href="#concept-encoding-confidence" title="concept-encoding-confidence">confidence</a> is
4319: currently <i>tentative</i>, then <a href="#change-the-encoding">change the
4320: encoding</a> to the encoding <var title="">encoding</var>.</p>
4321:
4322: </dd>
4323:
4324: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "title"</dt>
4325: <dd>
4326: <p>Follow the <a href="#generic-rcdata-element-parsing-algorithm">generic RCDATA element parsing algorithm</a>.</p>
4327: </dd>
4328:
4329: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "noscript", if the <a href="#scripting-flag">scripting flag</a> is enabled</dt>
4330: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is one of: "noframes", "style"</dt>
4331: <dd>
1.91 mike 4332: <p>Follow the <a href="#generic-raw-text-element-parsing-algorithm">generic raw text element parsing algorithm</a>.</p>
1.1 mike 4333: </dd>
4334:
4335: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "noscript", if the <a href="#scripting-flag">scripting flag</a> is disabled</dt>
4336: <dd>
4337:
4338: <p><a href="#insert-an-html-element">Insert an HTML element</a> for the token.</p>
4339:
4340: <p>Switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to "<a href="#parsing-main-inheadnoscript" title="insertion mode: in head noscript">in head
4341: noscript</a>".</p>
4342:
4343: </dd>
4344:
4345: <dt id="scriptTag">A start tag whose tag name is "script"</dt>
4346: <dd>
4347:
4348: <ol><li><p><a href="#create-an-element-for-the-token">Create an element for the token</a> in the
4349: <a href="#html-namespace-0">HTML namespace</a>.</p></li>
4350:
4351: <li>
4352:
4353: <p>Mark the element as being <a href="semantics.html#parser-inserted">"parser-inserted"</a>.</p>
4354:
4355: <p class="note">This ensures that, if the script is external,
1.159 mike 4356: any <code title="dom-document-write"><a href="embedded-content-0.html#dom-document-write">document.write()</a></code>
1.1 mike 4357: calls in the script will execute in-line, instead of blowing the
4358: document away, as would happen in most other cases. It also
4359: prevents the script from executing until the end tag is
4360: seen.</p>
4361:
4362: </li>
4363:
4364: <li><p>If the parser was originally created for the <a href="#html-fragment-parsing-algorithm">HTML
4365: fragment parsing algorithm</a>, then mark the
1.484 mike 4366: <code><a href="semantics.html#script">script</a></code> element as <a href="semantics.html#already-started">"already
4367: started"</a>. (<a href="#fragment-case">fragment case</a>)</p></li>
1.1 mike 4368:
4369: <li><p>Append the new element to the <a href="#current-node">current node</a>
4370: and push it onto the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open
4371: elements</a>.</p></li>
4372:
4373: <li><p>Switch the tokenizer's <a href="#content-model-flag">content model flag</a> to
1.91 mike 4374: the RAWTEXT state.</p></li>
1.1 mike 4375:
4376: <li><p>Let the <a href="#original-insertion-mode">original insertion mode</a> be the current
4377: <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a>.</p>
4378:
1.91 mike 4379: </li><li><p>Switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to "<a href="#parsing-main-incdata" title="insertion mode: in RAWTEXT/RCDATA">in
4380: RAWTEXT/RCDATA</a>".</p></li>
1.1 mike 4381:
4382: </ol></dd>
4383:
4384: <dt>An end tag whose tag name is "head"</dt>
4385: <dd>
4386:
4387: <p>Pop the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> (which will be the
1.159 mike 4388: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-head-element-0">head</a></code> element) off the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open
1.1 mike 4389: elements</a>.</p>
4390:
4391: <p>Switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to "<a href="#the-after-head-insertion-mode" title="insertion mode: after head">after head</a>".</p>
4392:
4393: </dd>
4394:
4395: <dt>An end tag whose tag name is one of: "body", "html", "br"</dt>
4396: <dd>
4397: <p>Act as described in the "anything else" entry below.</p>
4398: </dd>
4399:
4400: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "head"</dt>
4401: <dt>Any other end tag</dt>
4402: <dd>
4403: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Ignore the token.</p>
4404: </dd>
4405:
4406: <dt>Anything else</dt>
4407: <dd>
4408:
4409: <!-- can't get here with an EOF and a fragment case -->
4410:
4411: <p>Act as if an end tag token with the tag name "head" had
4412: been seen, and reprocess the current token.</p>
4413:
4414: </dd>
4415:
4416: </dl><h5 id="parsing-main-inheadnoscript"><span class="secno">9.2.5.8 </span>The "<dfn title="insertion mode: in head noscript">in head noscript</dfn>" insertion mode</h5>
4417:
4418: <p>When the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> is "<a href="#parsing-main-inheadnoscript" title="insertion
4419: mode: in head noscript">in head noscript</a>", tokens must be handled as follows:</p>
4420:
4421: <dl class="switch"><dt>A DOCTYPE token</dt>
4422: <dd>
4423: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Ignore the token.</p>
4424: </dd>
4425:
4426: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "html"</dt>
4427: <dd>
4428: <p>Process the token <a href="#using-the-rules-for">using the rules for</a> the "<a href="#parsing-main-inbody" title="insertion mode: in body">in body</a>" <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion
4429: mode</a>.</p>
4430: </dd>
4431:
4432: <dt>An end tag whose tag name is "noscript"</dt>
4433: <dd>
4434:
4435: <p>Pop the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> (which will be a
4436: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-noscript-element">noscript</a></code> element) from the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open
4437: elements</a>; the new <a href="#current-node">current node</a> will be a
1.159 mike 4438: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-head-element-0">head</a></code> element.</p>
1.1 mike 4439:
4440: <p>Switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to "<a href="#parsing-main-inhead" title="insertion mode: in head">in head</a>".</p>
4441:
4442: </dd>
4443:
4444: <dt>A character token that is one of U+0009 CHARACTER
4445: TABULATION, U+000A LINE FEED (LF), U+000C FORM FEED (FF),
4446: <!--U+000D CARRIAGE RETURN (CR),--> or U+0020 SPACE</dt>
4447: <dt>A comment token</dt>
4448: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is one of: "link", "meta", "noframes", "style"</dt>
4449: <dd>
4450: <p>Process the token <a href="#using-the-rules-for">using the rules for</a> the "<a href="#parsing-main-inhead" title="insertion mode: in head">in head</a>" <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion
4451: mode</a>.</p>
4452: </dd>
4453:
4454: <dt>An end tag whose tag name is "br"</dt>
4455: <dd>
4456: <p>Act as described in the "anything else" entry below.</p>
4457: </dd>
4458:
4459: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is one of: "head", "noscript"</dt>
4460: <dt>Any other end tag</dt>
4461: <dd>
4462: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Ignore the token.</p>
4463: </dd>
4464:
4465: <dt>Anything else</dt>
4466: <dd>
4467:
4468: <!-- can't get here with an EOF and a fragment case -->
4469:
4470: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Act as if an end tag with the tag
4471: name "noscript" had been seen and reprocess the current
4472: token.</p>
4473:
4474: </dd>
4475:
4476: </dl><h5 id="the-after-head-insertion-mode"><span class="secno">9.2.5.9 </span>The "<dfn title="insertion mode: after head">after head</dfn>" insertion mode</h5>
4477:
4478: <p>When the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> is "<a href="#the-after-head-insertion-mode" title="insertion
4479: mode: after head">after head</a>", tokens must be handled as follows:</p>
4480:
4481: <dl class="switch"><dt>A character token that is one of U+0009 CHARACTER
4482: TABULATION, U+000A LINE FEED (LF), U+000C FORM FEED (FF),
4483: <!--U+000D CARRIAGE RETURN (CR),--> or U+0020 SPACE</dt>
4484: <dd>
4485: <p><a href="#insert-a-character" title="insert a character">Insert the character</a> into
4486: the <a href="#current-node">current node</a>.</p>
4487: </dd>
4488:
4489: <dt>A comment token</dt>
4490: <dd>
4491: <p>Append a <code>Comment</code> node to the <a href="#current-node">current
4492: node</a> with the <code title="">data</code> attribute set to
4493: the data given in the comment token.</p>
4494: </dd>
4495:
4496: <dt>A DOCTYPE token</dt>
4497: <dd>
4498: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Ignore the token.</p>
4499: </dd>
4500:
4501: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "html"</dt>
4502: <dd>
4503: <p>Process the token <a href="#using-the-rules-for">using the rules for</a> the "<a href="#parsing-main-inbody" title="insertion mode: in body">in body</a>" <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion
4504: mode</a>.</p>
4505: </dd>
4506:
4507: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "body"</dt>
4508: <dd>
4509:
4510: <p><a href="#insert-an-html-element">Insert an HTML element</a> for the token.</p>
4511:
4512: <p>Set the <a href="#frameset-ok-flag">frameset-ok flag</a> to "not ok".</p>
4513:
4514: <p>Switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to "<a href="#parsing-main-inbody" title="insertion mode: in body">in body</a>".</p>
4515:
4516: </dd>
4517:
4518: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "frameset"</dt>
4519: <dd>
4520:
4521: <p><a href="#insert-an-html-element">Insert an HTML element</a> for the token.</p>
4522:
4523: <p>Switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to "<a href="#parsing-main-inframeset" title="insertion mode: in frameset">in frameset</a>".</p>
4524:
4525: </dd>
4526:
4527: <dt>A start tag token whose tag name is one of: "base", "link",
4528: "meta", "noframes", "script", "style", "title"</dt>
4529: <dd>
4530:
4531: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>.</p>
4532:
4533: <p>Push the node pointed to by the <a href="#head-element-pointer"><code title="">head</code> element pointer</a> onto the
4534: <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a>.</p>
4535:
4536: <p>Process the token <a href="#using-the-rules-for">using the rules for</a> the "<a href="#parsing-main-inhead" title="insertion mode: in head">in head</a>" <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion
4537: mode</a>.</p>
4538:
4539: <p>Remove the node pointed to by the <a href="#head-element-pointer"><code title="">head</code> element pointer</a> from the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack
4540: of open elements</a>.</p>
4541:
4542: <p class="note">The <a href="#head-element-pointer"><code title="">head</code> element
4543: pointer</a> cannot be null at this point.</p>
4544:
4545: </dd>
4546:
4547: <dt>An end tag whose tag name is one of: "body", "html", "br"</dt>
4548: <dd>
4549: <p>Act as described in the "anything else" entry below.</p>
4550: </dd>
4551:
4552: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "head"</dt>
4553: <dt>Any other end tag</dt>
4554: <dd>
4555: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Ignore the token.</p>
4556: </dd>
4557:
4558: <dt>Anything else</dt>
4559: <dd>
4560: <p>Act as if a start tag token with the tag name "body" and no
4561: attributes had been seen, then set the <a href="#frameset-ok-flag">frameset-ok
4562: flag</a> back to "ok", and then reprocess the current
4563: token.</p>
4564: </dd>
4565:
4566: </dl><h5 id="parsing-main-inbody"><span class="secno">9.2.5.10 </span>The "<dfn title="insertion mode: in body">in body</dfn>" insertion mode</h5>
4567:
4568: <p>When the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> is "<a href="#parsing-main-inbody" title="insertion
4569: mode: in body">in body</a>", tokens must be handled as follows:</p>
4570:
4571: <dl class="switch"><dt>A character token</dt>
4572: <dd>
4573:
4574: <p><a href="#reconstruct-the-active-formatting-elements">Reconstruct the active formatting elements</a>, if
4575: any.</p>
4576:
4577: <p><a href="#insert-a-character" title="insert a character">Insert the token's
4578: character</a> into the <a href="#current-node">current node</a>.</p>
4579:
4580: <p>If the token is not one of U+0009 CHARACTER TABULATION, U+000A
4581: LINE FEED (LF), U+000C FORM FEED (FF), <!--U+000D CARRIAGE RETURN
4582: (CR),--> or U+0020 SPACE, then set the <a href="#frameset-ok-flag">frameset-ok
4583: flag</a> to "not ok".</p>
4584:
4585: </dd>
4586:
4587: <dt>A comment token</dt>
4588: <dd>
4589: <p>Append a <code>Comment</code> node to the <a href="#current-node">current
4590: node</a> with the <code title="">data</code> attribute set to
4591: the data given in the comment token.</p>
4592: </dd>
4593:
4594: <dt>A DOCTYPE token</dt>
4595: <dd>
4596: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Ignore the token.</p>
4597: </dd>
4598:
4599: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "html"</dt>
4600: <dd>
4601: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. For each attribute on the token,
4602: check to see if the attribute is already present on the top
4603: element of the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a>. If it is not,
4604: add the attribute and its corresponding value to that element.</p>
4605: </dd>
4606:
4607: <dt>A start tag token whose tag name is one of: "base", "command",
4608: "link", "meta", "noframes", "script", "style", "title"</dt>
4609: <dd>
4610: <p>Process the token <a href="#using-the-rules-for">using the rules for</a> the "<a href="#parsing-main-inhead" title="insertion mode: in head">in head</a>" <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion
4611: mode</a>.</p>
4612: </dd>
4613:
4614: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "body"</dt>
4615: <dd>
4616:
4617: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>.</p>
4618:
4619: <p>If the second element on the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open
1.159 mike 4620: elements</a> is not a <code><a href="semantics.html#the-body-element-0">body</a></code> element, or, if the
1.1 mike 4621: <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> has only one node on it,
4622: then ignore the token. (<a href="#fragment-case">fragment case</a>)</p>
4623:
4624: <p>Otherwise, for each attribute on the token, check to see if
1.159 mike 4625: the attribute is already present on the <code><a href="semantics.html#the-body-element-0">body</a></code>
1.1 mike 4626: element (the second element) on the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open
4627: elements</a>. If it is not, add the attribute and its
4628: corresponding value to that element.</p>
4629:
4630: </dd>
4631:
4632: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "frameset"</dt>
4633: <dd>
4634:
4635: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>.</p>
4636:
4637: <p>If the second element on the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open
1.159 mike 4638: elements</a> is not a <code><a href="semantics.html#the-body-element-0">body</a></code> element, or, if the
1.1 mike 4639: <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> has only one node on it,
4640: then ignore the token. (<a href="#fragment-case">fragment case</a>)</p>
4641:
4642: <p>If the <a href="#frameset-ok-flag">frameset-ok flag</a> is set to "not ok", ignore
4643: the token.</p>
4644:
4645: <p>Otherwise, run the following steps:</p>
4646:
4647: <ol><li><p>Remove the second element on the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open
4648: elements</a> from its parent node, if it has one.</p></li>
4649:
4650: <li><p>Pop all the nodes from the bottom of the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of
4651: open elements</a>, from the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> up to,
1.159 mike 4652: but not including, the root <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element-0">html</a></code> element.</p>
1.1 mike 4653:
4654: </li><li><p><a href="#insert-an-html-element">Insert an HTML element</a> for the
4655: token.</p></li>
4656:
4657: <li><p>Switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to "<a href="#parsing-main-inframeset" title="insertion mode: in frameset">in frameset</a>".</p>
4658:
4659: </li></ol></dd>
4660:
4661: <dt>An end-of-file token</dt>
4662: <dd>
4663:
4664: <p>If there is a node in the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a>
1.422 mike 4665: that is not either a <code><a href="semantics.html#the-dd-element">dd</a></code> element, a <code><a href="semantics.html#the-dt-element">dt</a></code>
4666: element, an <code><a href="semantics.html#the-li-element">li</a></code> element, a <code><a href="semantics.html#the-p-element">p</a></code> element, a
1.1 mike 4667: <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tbody-element">tbody</a></code> element, a <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-td-element">td</a></code> element, a
4668: <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tfoot-element">tfoot</a></code> element, a <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-th-element">th</a></code> element, a
4669: <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-thead-element">thead</a></code> element, a <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tr-element">tr</a></code> element, the
1.159 mike 4670: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-body-element-0">body</a></code> element, or the <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element-0">html</a></code> element, then
1.1 mike 4671: this is a <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a>.</p> <!-- (some of those are
1.422 mike 4672: fragment cases) -->
1.1 mike 4673:
4674: <p><a href="#stop-parsing">Stop parsing</a>.</p>
4675:
4676: </dd>
4677:
4678: <dt>An end tag whose tag name is "body"</dt>
4679: <dd>
4680:
4681: <p>If the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> does not <a href="#has-an-element-in-scope" title="has an element in scope">have a <code>body</code> element
4682: in scope</a>, this is a <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a>; ignore the
4683: token.</p>
4684:
4685: <!-- if we get here, the insertion mode here is forcibly "in
4686: body". -->
4687:
4688: <p>Otherwise, if there is a node in the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open
1.422 mike 4689: elements</a> that is not either a <code><a href="semantics.html#the-dd-element">dd</a></code> element, a
1.1 mike 4690: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-dt-element">dt</a></code> element, an <code><a href="semantics.html#the-li-element">li</a></code> element, an
4691: <code><a href="forms.html#the-optgroup-element">optgroup</a></code> element, an <code><a href="forms.html#the-option-element">option</a></code> element, a
4692: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-p-element">p</a></code> element, an <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-rp-element">rp</a></code> element, an
4693: <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-rt-element">rt</a></code> element, a <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tbody-element">tbody</a></code> element, a
4694: <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-td-element">td</a></code> element, a <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tfoot-element">tfoot</a></code> element, a
4695: <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-th-element">th</a></code> element, a <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-thead-element">thead</a></code> element, a
1.159 mike 4696: <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tr-element">tr</a></code> element, the <code><a href="semantics.html#the-body-element-0">body</a></code> element, or the
4697: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element-0">html</a></code> element, then this is a <a href="#parse-error">parse
1.1 mike 4698: error</a>.</p> <!-- (some of those are fragment cases, e.g. for
4699: <tbody> you'd have hit the first paragraph since the <body>
1.422 mike 4700: wouldn't be in scope, unless it was a fragment case) -->
1.1 mike 4701:
4702: <!-- If we ever change the frameset-ok flag to an insertion mode,
4703: then we'd have to somehow keep track of its state when we switch
4704: to after-body. -->
4705:
4706: <p>Switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to "<a href="#parsing-main-afterbody" title="insertion mode: after body">after body</a>".</p>
4707:
4708: </dd>
4709:
4710: <dt>An end tag whose tag name is "html"</dt>
4711: <dd>
4712:
4713: <p>Act as if an end tag with tag name "body" had been seen,
4714: then, if that token wasn't ignored, reprocess the current
4715: token.</p>
4716:
4717: <p class="note">The fake end tag token here can only be
4718: ignored in the <a href="#fragment-case">fragment case</a>.</p>
4719:
4720: </dd>
4721:
4722: <!-- start tags for non-phrasing flow content elements -->
4723:
4724: <!-- the normal ones -->
4725: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is one of: "address", "article",
1.86 mike 4726: "aside", "blockquote", "center", <!--v2DATAGRID-->"datagrid",
1.305 mike 4727: "details", "dir", "div", "dl", "fieldset", "figure", "footer",
4728: "header", "hgroup", "menu", "nav", "ol", "p", "section", "ul"</dt>
1.1 mike 4729: <dd>
4730:
4731: <!-- As of May 2008 this doesn't match any browser exactly, but is
4732: as close to what IE does as I can get without doing the non-tree
4733: DOM nonsense, and thus should actually afford better compatibility
4734: when implemented by the other browsers. -->
4735:
4736: <p>If the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> <a href="#has-an-element-in-scope" title="has
4737: an element in scope">has a <code>p</code> element in
4738: scope</a>, then act as if an end tag with the tag name
4739: "p" had been seen.</p>
4740:
4741: <p><a href="#insert-an-html-element">Insert an HTML element</a> for the token.</p>
4742:
4743: </dd>
4744:
4745: <!-- as normal, but close h1-h6 if it's the current node -->
4746: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is one of: "h1", "h2", "h3", "h4",
4747: "h5", "h6"</dt>
4748: <dd>
4749:
4750: <p>If the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> <a href="#has-an-element-in-scope" title="has
4751: an element in scope">has a <code>p</code> element in
4752: scope</a>, then act as if an end tag with the tag name
4753: "p" had been seen.</p>
4754:
4755: <p>If the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> is an element whose tag name
4756: is one of "h1", "h2", "h3", "h4", "h5", or "h6", then this is a
4757: <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a>; pop the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> off
4758: the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a>.</p>
4759: <!-- See https://bugs.webkit.org/show_bug.cgi?id=12646 -->
4760:
4761: <p><a href="#insert-an-html-element">Insert an HTML element</a> for the token.</p>
4762:
4763: </dd>
4764:
4765: <!-- as normal, but drops leading newline -->
4766: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is one of: "pre", "listing"</dt>
4767: <dd>
4768:
4769: <p>If the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> <a href="#has-an-element-in-scope" title="has
4770: an element in scope">has a <code>p</code> element in
4771: scope</a>, then act as if an end tag with the tag name
4772: "p" had been seen.</p>
4773:
4774: <p><a href="#insert-an-html-element">Insert an HTML element</a> for the token.</p>
4775:
4776: <p>If the next token is a U+000A LINE FEED (LF) character
4777: token, then ignore that token and move on to the next
4778: one. (Newlines at the start of <code><a href="semantics.html#the-pre-element">pre</a></code> blocks are
4779: ignored as an authoring convenience.)</p>
4780:
4781: <p>Set the <a href="#frameset-ok-flag">frameset-ok flag</a> to "not ok".</p>
4782:
4783: </dd>
4784:
4785: <!-- as normal, but interacts with the form element pointer -->
4786: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "form"</dt>
4787: <dd>
4788:
4789: <p>If the <a href="#form-element-pointer"><code title="form">form</code> element
4790: pointer</a> is not null, then this is a <a href="#parse-error">parse
4791: error</a>; ignore the token.</p>
4792:
4793: <p>Otherwise:</p>
4794:
4795: <p>If the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> <a href="#has-an-element-in-scope" title="has
4796: an element in scope">has a <code>p</code> element in
4797: scope</a>, then act as if an end tag with the tag name
4798: "p" had been seen.</p>
4799:
4800: <p><a href="#insert-an-html-element">Insert an HTML element</a> for the token, and set the
4801: <a href="#form-element-pointer"><code title="form">form</code> element pointer</a> to
4802: point to the element created.</p>
4803:
4804: </dd>
4805:
4806: <!-- as normal, but imply </li> when there's another <li> open in weird cases -->
4807: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "li"</dt>
4808: <dd>
4809:
4810: <p>Run the following algorithm:</p>
4811:
4812: <ol><li><p>Set the <a href="#frameset-ok-flag">frameset-ok flag</a> to "not ok".</p></li>
4813:
4814: <li><p>Initialize <var title="">node</var> to be the <a href="#current-node">current
4815: node</a> (the bottommost node of the stack).</p></li>
4816:
4817: <li><p>If <var title="">node</var> is an <code><a href="semantics.html#the-li-element">li</a></code> element,
4818: then act as if an end tag with the tag name "li" had
4819: been seen, then jump to the last step.</p></li>
4820:
4821: <li><p><i>Loop</i>: If <var title="">node</var> is not in the
4822: <a href="#formatting">formatting</a> category, and is not in the
4823: <a href="#phrasing">phrasing</a> category, and is not an
1.306 mike 4824: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-address-element">address</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-div-element">div</a></code>, or <code><a href="semantics.html#the-p-element">p</a></code>
1.1 mike 4825: element, then jump to the last step.</p></li> <!-- an element
4826: <foo> is in this list if the following markup:
4827:
4828: <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"><body><ol><li><foo><li>
4829:
4830: ...results in the second <li> not being (in any way) a descendant
4831: of the first <li>, or if <foo> is a formatting element that gets
4832: reopened later. -->
4833:
4834: <li><p>Otherwise, set <var title="">node</var> to the previous
4835: entry in the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> and return to
4836: the step labeled <i>loop</i>.</p></li>
4837:
4838: <li>
4839:
4840: <p>This is the last step.</p>
4841:
4842: <p>If the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> <a href="#has-an-element-in-scope" title="has
4843: an element in scope">has a <code>p</code> element in
4844: scope</a>, then act as if an end tag with the tag name
4845: "p" had been seen.</p>
4846:
4847: <p>Finally, <a href="#insert-an-html-element">insert an HTML element</a> for the
4848: token.</p>
4849:
4850: </li>
4851:
4852: </ol></dd>
4853:
4854: <!-- as normal, but imply </dt> or </dd> when there's another <dt> or <dd> open in weird cases -->
1.422 mike 4855: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is one of: "dd", "dt"</dt>
1.1 mike 4856: <dd>
4857:
4858: <p>Run the following algorithm:</p>
4859:
4860: <ol><li><p>Set the <a href="#frameset-ok-flag">frameset-ok flag</a> to "not ok".</p></li>
4861:
4862: <li><p>Initialize <var title="">node</var> to be the <a href="#current-node">current
4863: node</a> (the bottommost node of the stack).</p></li>
4864:
4865: <li><p><i>Loop</i>: If <var title="">node</var> is a
1.422 mike 4866: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-dd-element">dd</a></code> or <code><a href="semantics.html#the-dt-element">dt</a></code> element, then act as if an end
4867: tag with the same tag name as <var title="">node</var> had been
4868: seen, then jump to the last step.</p></li>
1.1 mike 4869:
4870: <li><p>If <var title="">node</var> is not in the
4871: <a href="#formatting">formatting</a> category, and is not in the
4872: <a href="#phrasing">phrasing</a> category, and is not an
1.306 mike 4873: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-address-element">address</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-div-element">div</a></code>, or <code><a href="semantics.html#the-p-element">p</a></code>
1.1 mike 4874: element, then jump to the last step.</p></li> <!-- an element
4875: <foo> is in this list if the following markup:
4876:
4877: <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"><body><dl><dt><foo><dt>
4878:
4879: ...results in the second <dt> not being (in any way) a descendant
4880: of the first <dt>, or if <foo> is a formatting element that gets
4881: reopened later. -->
4882:
4883: <li><p>Otherwise, set <var title="">node</var> to the previous
4884: entry in the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> and return to
4885: the step labeled <i>loop</i>.</p></li>
4886:
4887: <li>
4888:
4889: <p>This is the last step.</p>
4890:
4891: <p>If the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> <a href="#has-an-element-in-scope" title="has
4892: an element in scope">has a <code>p</code> element in
4893: scope</a>, then act as if an end tag with the tag name
4894: "p" had been seen.</p>
4895:
4896: <p>Finally, <a href="#insert-an-html-element">insert an HTML element</a> for the
4897: token.</p>
4898:
4899: </li>
4900:
4901: </ol></dd>
4902:
4903: <!-- same as normal, but effectively ends parsing -->
4904: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "plaintext"</dt>
4905: <dd>
4906:
4907: <p>If the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> <a href="#has-an-element-in-scope" title="has
4908: an element in scope">has a <code>p</code> element in
4909: scope</a>, then act as if an end tag with the tag name
4910: "p" had been seen.</p>
4911:
4912: <p><a href="#insert-an-html-element">Insert an HTML element</a> for the token.</p>
4913:
4914: <p>Switch the <a href="#content-model-flag">content model flag</a> to the PLAINTEXT
4915: state.</p>
4916:
4917: <p class="note">Once a start tag with the tag name "plaintext"
4918: has been seen, that will be the last token ever seen other
4919: than character tokens (and the end-of-file token), because
4920: there is no way to switch the <a href="#content-model-flag">content model flag</a>
4921: out of the PLAINTEXT state.</p>
4922:
4923: </dd>
4924:
4925: <!-- end tags for non-phrasing flow content elements -->
4926:
4927: <!-- the normal ones -->
4928: <dt>An end tag whose tag name is one of: "address", "article",
1.86 mike 4929: "aside", "blockquote", "center", <!--v2DATAGRID-->"datagrid",
1.305 mike 4930: "details", "dir", "div", "dl", "fieldset", "figure", "footer",
4931: "header", "hgroup", "listing", "menu", "nav", "ol", "pre",
4932: "section", "ul"</dt>
1.1 mike 4933: <dd>
4934:
4935: <p>If the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> does not <a href="#has-an-element-in-scope" title="has an element in scope">have an element in scope</a>
4936: with the same tag name as that of the token, then this is a
4937: <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a>; ignore the token.</p>
4938:
4939: <p>Otherwise, run these steps:</p>
4940:
4941: <ol><li><p><a href="#generate-implied-end-tags">Generate implied end tags</a>.</p></li>
4942:
4943: <li><p>If the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> is not an element with
4944: the same tag name as that of the token, then this is a
4945: <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a>.</p></li>
4946:
4947: <li><p>Pop elements from the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a>
4948: until an element with the same tag name as the token has been
4949: popped from the stack.</p></li>
4950:
4951: </ol></dd>
4952:
4953: <!-- removes the form element pointer instead of the matching node -->
4954: <dt>An end tag whose tag name is "form"</dt>
4955: <dd>
4956:
4957: <p>Let <var title="">node</var> be the element that the
4958: <a href="#form-element-pointer"><code title="">form</code> element pointer</a> is set
4959: to.</p>
4960:
4961: <p>Set the <a href="#form-element-pointer"><code title="">form</code> element pointer</a>
4962: to null.</p>
4963:
4964: <p>If <var title="">node</var> is null or the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open
4965: elements</a> does not <a href="#has-an-element-in-scope" title="has an element in
4966: scope">have <var title="">node</var> in scope</a>, then this is
4967: a <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a>; ignore the token.</p>
4968:
4969: <p>Otherwise, run these steps:</p>
4970:
4971: <ol><li><p><a href="#generate-implied-end-tags">Generate implied end tags</a>.</p></li>
4972:
4973: <li><p>If the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> is not <var title="">node</var>, then this is a <a href="#parse-error">parse
4974: error</a>.</p></li>
4975:
4976: <li><p>Remove <var title="">node</var> from the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of
4977: open elements</a>.</p></li>
4978:
4979: </ol></dd>
4980:
4981: <!-- as normal, except </p> implies <p> if there's no <p> in scope, and needs care as the elements have optional tags -->
4982: <dt>An end tag whose tag name is "p"</dt>
4983: <dd>
4984:
4985: <p>If the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> does not <a href="#has-an-element-in-scope" title="has an element in scope">have an element in scope</a>
4986: with the same tag name as that of the token, then this is a
4987: <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a>; act as if a start tag with the tag name
4988: "p" had been seen, then reprocess the current token.</p>
4989:
4990: <p>Otherwise, run these steps:</p>
4991:
4992: <ol><li><p><a href="#generate-implied-end-tags">Generate implied end tags</a>, except
4993: for elements with the same tag name as the token.</p></li>
4994:
4995: <li><p>If the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> is not an element with
4996: the same tag name as that of the token, then this is a
4997: <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a>.</p></li>
4998:
4999: <li><p>Pop elements from the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a>
5000: until an element with the same tag name as the token has been
5001: popped from the stack.</p></li>
5002:
5003: </ol></dd>
5004:
1.234 mike 5005: <!-- as normal, but needs care as the elements have optional tags, and are further scoped by <ol>/<ul> -->
5006: <dt>An end tag whose tag name is "li"</dt>
5007: <dd>
5008:
5009: <p>If the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> does not <a href="#has-an-element-in-list-item-scope" title="has an element in list item scope">have an element in list
5010: item scope</a> with the same tag name as that of the token,
5011: then this is a <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a>; ignore the token.</p>
5012:
5013: <p>Otherwise, run these steps:</p>
5014:
5015: <ol><li><p><a href="#generate-implied-end-tags">Generate implied end tags</a>, except
5016: for elements with the same tag name as the token.</p></li>
5017:
5018: <li><p>If the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> is not an element with
5019: the same tag name as that of the token, then this is a
5020: <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a>.</p></li>
5021:
5022: <li><p>Pop elements from the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a>
5023: until an element with the same tag name as the token has been
5024: popped from the stack.</p></li>
5025:
5026: </ol></dd>
5027:
1.1 mike 5028: <!-- as normal, but needs care as the elements have optional tags -->
1.422 mike 5029: <dt>An end tag whose tag name is one of: "dd", "dt"</dt>
1.1 mike 5030: <dd>
5031:
5032: <p>If the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> does not <a href="#has-an-element-in-scope" title="has an element in scope">have an element in scope</a>
5033: with the same tag name as that of the token, then this is a
5034: <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a>; ignore the token.</p>
5035:
5036: <p>Otherwise, run these steps:</p>
5037:
5038: <ol><li><p><a href="#generate-implied-end-tags">Generate implied end tags</a>, except
5039: for elements with the same tag name as the token.</p></li>
5040:
5041: <li><p>If the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> is not an element with
5042: the same tag name as that of the token, then this is a
5043: <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a>.</p></li>
5044:
5045: <li><p>Pop elements from the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a>
5046: until an element with the same tag name as the token has been
5047: popped from the stack.</p></li>
5048:
5049: </ol></dd>
5050:
5051: <!-- as normal, except acts as a closer for any of the h1-h6 elements -->
5052: <dt>An end tag whose tag name is one of: "h1", "h2", "h3", "h4", "h5", "h6"</dt>
5053: <dd>
5054:
5055: <p>If the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> does not <a href="#has-an-element-in-scope" title="has an element in scope">have an element in scope</a>
5056: whose tag name is one of "h1", "h2", "h3", "h4", "h5", or "h6",
5057: then this is a <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a>; ignore the token.</p>
5058:
5059: <p>Otherwise, run these steps:</p>
5060:
5061: <ol><li><p><a href="#generate-implied-end-tags">Generate implied end tags</a>.</p></li>
5062:
5063: <li><p>If the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> is not an element with
5064: the same tag name as that of the token, then this is a
5065: <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a>.</p></li>
5066:
5067: <li><p>Pop elements from the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a>
5068: until an element whose tag name is one of "h1", "h2", "h3", "h4",
5069: "h5", or "h6" has been popped from the stack.</p></li>
5070:
5071: </ol></dd>
5072:
5073: <dt>An end tag whose tag name is "sarcasm"</dt>
5074: <dd>
5075: <p>Take a deep breath, then act as described in the "any other end
5076: tag" entry below.</p>
5077: </dd>
5078:
5079: <!-- ADOPTION AGENCY ELEMENTS
5080: Mozilla-only: bdo blink del ins sub sup q
5081: Safari-only: code dfn kbd nobr samp var wbr
5082: Both: a b big em font i s small strike strong tt u -->
5083:
5084: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "a"</dt>
5085: <dd>
5086:
5087: <p>If the <a href="#list-of-active-formatting-elements">list of active formatting elements</a>
5088: contains an element whose tag name is "a" between the end of
5089: the list and the last marker on the list (or the start of the
5090: list if there is no marker on the list), then this is a
5091: <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a>; act as if an end tag with the tag
5092: name "a" had been seen, then remove that element from the
5093: <a href="#list-of-active-formatting-elements">list of active formatting elements</a> and the
5094: <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> if the end tag didn't
5095: already remove it (it might not have if the element is not
5096: <a href="#has-an-element-in-table-scope" title="has an element in table scope">in table
5097: scope</a>).</p>
5098:
5099: <p class="example">In the non-conforming stream
5100: <code><a href="a">a<table><a href="b">b</table>x</code>,
5101: the first <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-a-element">a</a></code> element would be closed upon seeing
5102: the second one, and the "x" character would be inside a link
5103: to "b", not to "a". This is despite the fact that the outer
5104: <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-a-element">a</a></code> element is not in table scope (meaning that a
5105: regular <code></a></code> end tag at the start of the table
5106: wouldn't close the outer <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-a-element">a</a></code> element).</p>
5107:
5108: <p><a href="#reconstruct-the-active-formatting-elements">Reconstruct the active formatting elements</a>, if
5109: any.</p>
5110:
5111: <p><a href="#insert-an-html-element">Insert an HTML element</a> for the token. Add that
5112: element to the <a href="#list-of-active-formatting-elements">list of active formatting
5113: elements</a>.</p>
5114:
5115: </dd>
5116:
5117: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is one of: "b", "big", "code", "em",
5118: "font", "i", "s", "small", "strike", "strong", "tt", "u"</dt>
5119: <dd>
5120:
5121: <p><a href="#reconstruct-the-active-formatting-elements">Reconstruct the active formatting elements</a>, if
5122: any.</p>
5123:
5124: <p><a href="#insert-an-html-element">Insert an HTML element</a> for the token. Add that
5125: element to the <a href="#list-of-active-formatting-elements">list of active formatting
5126: elements</a>.</p>
5127:
5128: </dd>
5129:
5130: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "nobr"</dt>
5131: <dd>
5132:
5133: <p><a href="#reconstruct-the-active-formatting-elements">Reconstruct the active formatting elements</a>, if
5134: any.</p>
5135:
5136: <p>If the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> <a href="#has-an-element-in-scope" title="has an
5137: element in scope">has a <code>nobr</code> element in scope</a>,
5138: then this is a <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a>; act as if an end tag with
5139: the tag name "nobr" had been seen, then once again
5140: <a href="#reconstruct-the-active-formatting-elements">reconstruct the active formatting elements</a>, if
5141: any.</p>
5142:
5143: <p><a href="#insert-an-html-element">Insert an HTML element</a> for the token. Add that
5144: element to the <a href="#list-of-active-formatting-elements">list of active formatting
5145: elements</a>.</p>
5146:
5147: </dd>
5148:
5149: <dt id="adoptionAgency">An end tag whose tag name is one of: "a",
5150: "b", "big", "code", "em", "font", "i", "nobr", "s", "small",
5151: "strike", "strong", "tt", "u"</dt>
5152: <dd>
5153:
5154: <p>Follow these steps:</p>
5155:
5156: <ol><li>
5157:
5158: <p>Let the <var title="">formatting element</var> be the
5159: last element in the <a href="#list-of-active-formatting-elements">list of active formatting
5160: elements</a> that:</p>
5161:
5162: <ul><li>is between the end of the list and the last scope
5163: marker in the list, if any, or the start of the list
5164: otherwise, and</li>
5165:
5166: <li>has the same tag name as the token.</li>
5167:
5168: </ul><p>If there is no such node, or, if that node is also in the
5169: <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> but the element is not <a href="#has-an-element-in-scope" title="has an element in scope">in scope</a>, then this is a
5170: <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a>; ignore the token, and abort these
5171: steps.</p>
5172:
5173: <p>Otherwise, if there is such a node, but that node is not
5174: in the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a>, then this is a
5175: <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a>; remove the element from the list,
5176: and abort these steps.</p>
5177:
5178: <p>Otherwise, there is a <var title="">formatting
5179: element</var> and that element is in <a href="#stack-of-open-elements" title="stack of
5180: open elements">the stack</a> and is <a href="#has-an-element-in-scope" title="has an
5181: element in scope">in scope</a>. If the element is not the
5182: <a href="#current-node">current node</a>, this is a <a href="#parse-error">parse
5183: error</a>. In any case, proceed with the algorithm as
5184: written in the following steps.</p>
5185:
5186: </li>
5187:
5188: <li><p>Let the <var title="">furthest block</var> be the
5189: topmost node in the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> that
5190: is lower in the stack than the <var title="">formatting
5191: element</var>, and is not an element in the
5192: <a href="#phrasing">phrasing</a> or <a href="#formatting">formatting</a>
5193: categories. There might not be one.</p></li>
5194:
5195: <li><p>If there is no <var title="">furthest block</var>,
5196: then the UA must skip the subsequent steps and instead just
5197: pop all the nodes from the bottom of the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open
5198: elements</a>, from the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> up to and
5199: including the <var title="">formatting element</var>, and
5200: remove the <var title="">formatting element</var> from the
5201: <a href="#list-of-active-formatting-elements">list of active formatting elements</a>.</p></li>
5202:
5203: <li><p>Let the <var title="">common ancestor</var> be the element
5204: immediately above the <var title="">formatting element</var> in the
5205: <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a>.</p></li>
5206:
5207: <li><p>Let a bookmark note the position of the <var title="">formatting element</var> in the <a href="#list-of-active-formatting-elements">list of active
5208: formatting elements</a> relative to the elements on either
5209: side of it in the list.</p></li>
5210:
5211: <li>
5212:
5213: <p>Let <var title="">node</var> and <var title="">last node</var> be the
5214: <var title="">furthest block</var>. Follow these steps:</p>
5215:
5216: <ol><li>Let <var title="">node</var> be the element immediately
5217: above <var title="">node</var> in the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open
1.436 mike 5218: elements</a>, or if <var title="">node</var> is no longer in
5219: the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> (e.g. because it got
5220: removed by the next step), the element that was immediately
5221: above <var title="">node</var> in the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open
5222: elements</a> before <var title="">node</var> was
5223: removed.</li>
1.1 mike 5224:
5225: <li>If <var title="">node</var> is not in the <a href="#list-of-active-formatting-elements">list of
5226: active formatting elements</a>, then remove <var title="">node</var> from the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open
5227: elements</a> and then go back to step 1.</li>
5228:
5229: <li>Otherwise, if <var title="">node</var> is the <var title="">formatting element</var>, then go to the next step
5230: in the overall algorithm.</li>
5231:
5232: <li>Otherwise, if <var title="">last node</var> is the <var title="">furthest block</var>, then move the aforementioned
5233: bookmark to be immediately after the <var title="">node</var> in the <a href="#list-of-active-formatting-elements">list of active formatting
5234: elements</a>.</li>
5235:
5236: <li><a href="#create-an-element-for-the-token">Create an element for the token</a> for which the
5237: element <var title="">node</var> was created, replace the entry
5238: for <var title="">node</var> in the <a href="#list-of-active-formatting-elements">list of active
5239: formatting elements</a> with an entry for the new element,
5240: replace the entry for <var title="">node</var> in the
5241: <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> with an entry for the new
5242: element, and let <var title="">node</var> be the new
5243: element.</li>
5244:
5245: <li>Insert <var title="">last node</var> into <var title="">node</var>, first removing it from its previous
5246: parent node if any.</li>
5247:
5248: <li>Let <var title="">last node</var> be <var title="">node</var>.</li>
5249:
5250: <li>Return to step 1 of this inner set of steps.</li>
5251:
5252: </ol></li>
5253:
5254: <li>
5255:
5256: <p>If the <var title="">common ancestor</var> node is a
5257: <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-table-element">table</a></code>, <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tbody-element">tbody</a></code>, <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tfoot-element">tfoot</a></code>,
5258: <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-thead-element">thead</a></code>, or <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tr-element">tr</a></code> element, then,
5259: <a href="#foster-parent">foster parent</a> whatever <var title="">last
5260: node</var> ended up being in the previous step, first removing
5261: it from its previous parent node if any.</p>
5262:
5263: <p>Otherwise, append whatever <var title="">last node</var>
5264: ended up being in the previous step to the <var title="">common
5265: ancestor</var> node, first removing it from its previous parent
5266: node if any.</p>
5267:
5268: </li>
5269:
5270: <li><p><a href="#create-an-element-for-the-token">Create an element for the token</a> for which the
5271: <var title="">formatting element</var> was created.</p></li>
5272:
5273: <li><p>Take all of the child nodes of the <var title="">furthest
5274: block</var> and append them to the element created in the last
5275: step.</p></li>
5276:
5277: <li><p>Append that new element to the <var title="">furthest
5278: block</var>.</p></li>
5279:
5280: <li><p>Remove the <var title="">formatting element</var> from the
5281: <a href="#list-of-active-formatting-elements">list of active formatting elements</a>, and insert the
5282: new element into the <a href="#list-of-active-formatting-elements">list of active formatting
5283: elements</a> at the position of the aforementioned
5284: bookmark.</p></li>
5285:
5286: <li><p>Remove the <var title="">formatting element</var> from the
5287: <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a>, and insert the new element
5288: into the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> immediately below
5289: the position of the <var title="">furthest block</var> in that
5290: stack.</p></li>
5291:
5292: <li><p>Jump back to step 1 in this series of steps.</p></li>
5293:
1.334 mike 5294: </ol><p class="note">Because of the way this algorithm causes elements
1.304 mike 5295: to change parents, it has been dubbed the "adoption agency
5296: algorithm" (in contrast with other possible algorithms for dealing
5297: with misnested content, which included the "incest algorithm", the
1.1 mike 5298: "secret affair algorithm", and the "Heisenberg algorithm").</p>
5299:
5300: </dd>
5301:
5302: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "button"</dt>
5303: <dd>
5304:
5305: <p>If the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> <a href="#has-an-element-in-scope" title="has
5306: an element in scope">has a <code>button</code> element in
5307: scope</a>, then this is a <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a>;
5308: act as if an end tag with the tag name "button" had been seen,
5309: then reprocess the token.</p>
5310:
5311: <p>Otherwise:</p>
5312:
5313: <p><a href="#reconstruct-the-active-formatting-elements">Reconstruct the active formatting elements</a>, if
5314: any.</p>
5315:
5316: <p><a href="#insert-an-html-element">Insert an HTML element</a> for the token.</p>
5317:
5318: <p>Insert a marker at the end of the <a href="#list-of-active-formatting-elements">list of active
5319: formatting elements</a>.</p>
5320:
5321: <p>Set the <a href="#frameset-ok-flag">frameset-ok flag</a> to "not ok".</p>
5322:
5323: </dd>
5324:
5325: <dt>A start tag token whose tag name is one of: "applet",
5326: "marquee", "object"</dt>
5327: <dd>
5328:
5329: <p><a href="#reconstruct-the-active-formatting-elements">Reconstruct the active formatting elements</a>, if
5330: any.</p>
5331:
5332: <p><a href="#insert-an-html-element">Insert an HTML element</a> for the token.</p>
5333:
5334: <p>Insert a marker at the end of the <a href="#list-of-active-formatting-elements">list of active
5335: formatting elements</a>.</p>
5336:
5337: <p>Set the <a href="#frameset-ok-flag">frameset-ok flag</a> to "not ok".</p>
5338:
5339: </dd>
5340:
5341: <dt>An end tag token whose tag name is one of: "applet", "button",
5342: "marquee", "object"</dt>
5343: <dd>
5344:
5345: <p>If the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> does not <a href="#has-an-element-in-scope" title="has an element in scope">have an element in scope</a>
5346: with the same tag name as that of the token, then this is a
5347: <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a>; ignore the token.</p>
5348:
5349: <p>Otherwise, run these steps:</p>
5350:
5351: <ol><li><p><a href="#generate-implied-end-tags">Generate implied end tags</a>.</p></li>
5352:
5353: <li><p>If the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> is not an element with
5354: the same tag name as that of the token, then this is a
5355: <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a>.</p></li>
5356:
5357: <li><p>Pop elements from the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a>
5358: until an element with the same tag name as the token has been
5359: popped from the stack.</p></li>
5360:
5361: <li><a href="#clear-the-list-of-active-formatting-elements-up-to-the-last-marker">Clear the list of active formatting elements up to the
5362: last marker</a>.</li>
5363:
5364: </ol></dd>
5365:
5366: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "table"</dt>
5367: <dd>
5368:
5369: <p>If the <code>Document</code> is <em>not</em> set to
5370: <a href="dom.html#quirks-mode">quirks mode</a>, and the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open
5371: elements</a> <a href="#has-an-element-in-scope" title="has an element in scope">has a
5372: <code>p</code> element in scope</a>, then act as if an end tag
5373: with the tag name "p" had been seen.</p> <!-- i hate myself (this
5374: quirk was basically caused by acid2; if i'd realised we could
5375: change the specs when i wrote acid2, we could have avoided having
5376: any parsing-mode quirks) -Hixie -->
5377:
5378: <p><a href="#insert-an-html-element">Insert an HTML element</a> for the token.</p>
5379:
5380: <p>Set the <a href="#frameset-ok-flag">frameset-ok flag</a> to "not ok".</p>
5381:
5382: <p>Switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to "<a href="#parsing-main-intable" title="insertion mode: in table">in table</a>".</p>
5383:
5384: </dd>
5385:
5386: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is one of: "area", "basefont",
5387: "bgsound", "br", "embed", "img", "input", "keygen", "spacer",
5388: "wbr"</dt>
5389: <dd>
5390:
5391: <p><a href="#reconstruct-the-active-formatting-elements">Reconstruct the active formatting elements</a>, if
5392: any.</p>
5393:
5394: <p><a href="#insert-an-html-element">Insert an HTML element</a> for the token. Immediately
5395: pop the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> off the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open
5396: elements</a>.</p>
5397:
5398: <p><a href="#acknowledge-self-closing-flag" title="acknowledge self-closing flag">Acknowledge the
5399: token's <i>self-closing flag</i></a>, if it is set.</p>
5400:
5401: <p>Set the <a href="#frameset-ok-flag">frameset-ok flag</a> to "not ok".</p> <!--
5402: shouldn't really do it for <area>, <basefont>, <bgsound>, and
5403: <spacer> -->
5404:
5405: </dd>
5406:
5407: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is one of: "param", "source"</dt>
5408: <dd>
5409:
5410: <p><a href="#insert-an-html-element">Insert an HTML element</a> for the token. Immediately
5411: pop the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> off the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open
5412: elements</a>.</p>
5413:
5414: <p><a href="#acknowledge-self-closing-flag" title="acknowledge self-closing flag">Acknowledge the
5415: token's <i>self-closing flag</i></a>, if it is set.</p>
5416:
5417: </dd>
5418:
5419: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "hr"</dt>
5420: <dd>
5421:
5422: <p>If the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> <a href="#has-an-element-in-scope" title="has
5423: an element in scope">has a <code>p</code> element in
5424: scope</a>, then act as if an end tag with the tag name
5425: "p" had been seen.</p>
5426:
5427: <p><a href="#insert-an-html-element">Insert an HTML element</a> for the token. Immediately
5428: pop the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> off the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open
5429: elements</a>.</p>
5430:
5431: <p><a href="#acknowledge-self-closing-flag" title="acknowledge self-closing flag">Acknowledge the
5432: token's <i>self-closing flag</i></a>, if it is set.</p>
5433:
5434: <p>Set the <a href="#frameset-ok-flag">frameset-ok flag</a> to "not ok".</p>
5435:
5436: </dd>
5437:
5438: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "image"</dt>
5439: <dd>
5440: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Change the token's tag name
5441: to "img" and reprocess it. (Don't ask.)</p> <!-- As of
5442: 2005-12, studies showed that around 0.2% of pages used the
5443: <image> element. -->
5444: </dd>
5445:
5446: <dt id="isindex">A start tag whose tag name is "isindex"</dt>
5447: <dd>
5448:
5449: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>.</p>
5450:
5451: <p>If the <a href="#form-element-pointer"><code title="">form</code> element
5452: pointer</a> is not null, then ignore the token.</p>
5453:
5454: <p>Otherwise:</p>
5455:
5456: <p><a href="#acknowledge-self-closing-flag" title="acknowledge self-closing flag">Acknowledge the
5457: token's <i>self-closing flag</i></a>, if it is set.</p> <!--
5458: purely to reduce the number of errors (we don't care if they
5459: included the /, they're not supposed to be including the tag at
5460: all! -->
5461:
5462: <p>Act as if a start tag token with the tag name "form" had been seen.</p>
5463:
5464: <p>If the token has an attribute called "action", set the
5465: <code title="attr-form-action">action</code> attribute on the
5466: resulting <code><a href="forms.html#the-form-element">form</a></code> element to the value of the
5467: "action" attribute of the token.</p>
5468:
5469: <p>Act as if a start tag token with the tag name "hr" had been
5470: seen.</p>
5471:
5472: <p>Act as if a start tag token with the tag name "label" had been
5473: seen.</p>
5474:
5475: <p>Act as if a stream of character tokens had been seen (see below
5476: for what they should say).</p>
5477:
5478: <p>Act as if a start tag token with the tag name "input" had been
5479: seen, with all the attributes from the "isindex" token except
5480: "name", "action", and "prompt". Set the <code title="attr-fe-name"><a href="forms.html#attr-fe-name">name</a></code> attribute of the resulting
5481: <code><a href="forms.html#the-input-element">input</a></code> element to the value "<code title="">isindex</code>".</p>
5482:
5483: <p>Act as if a stream of character tokens had been seen (see
5484: below for what they should say).</p>
5485:
5486: <p>Act as if an end tag token with the tag name "label" had been
5487: seen.</p>
5488:
5489: <p>Act as if a start tag token with the tag name "hr" had been
5490: seen.</p>
5491:
5492: <p>Act as if an end tag token with the tag name "form" had been
5493: seen.</p>
5494:
5495: <p>If the token has an attribute with the name "prompt", then the
5496: first stream of characters must be the same string as given in
5497: that attribute, and the second stream of characters must be
5498: empty. Otherwise, the two streams of character tokens together
5499: should, together with the <code><a href="forms.html#the-input-element">input</a></code> element, express the
5500: equivalent of "This is a searchable index. Insert your search
5501: keywords here: (input field)" in the user's preferred
5502: language.</p>
5503:
5504: </dd>
5505:
5506: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "textarea"</dt>
5507: <dd>
5508:
5509: <ol><li><p><a href="#insert-an-html-element">Insert an HTML element</a> for the
5510: token.</p></li>
5511:
5512: <li><p>If the next token is a U+000A LINE FEED (LF) character
5513: token, then ignore that token and move on to the next
5514: one. (Newlines at the start of <code><a href="forms.html#the-textarea-element">textarea</a></code> elements are
5515: ignored as an authoring convenience.)</p></li>
5516:
5517: <li><p>Switch the tokenizer's <a href="#content-model-flag">content model flag</a> to
5518: the RCDATA state.</p></li>
5519:
5520: <li><p>Let the <a href="#original-insertion-mode">original insertion mode</a> be the
5521: current <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a>.</p>
5522:
5523: </li><li><p>Set the <a href="#frameset-ok-flag">frameset-ok flag</a> to "not
5524: ok".</p></li>
5525:
1.91 mike 5526: <li><p>Switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to "<a href="#parsing-main-incdata" title="insertion mode: in RAWTEXT/RCDATA">in
5527: RAWTEXT/RCDATA</a>".</p></li>
1.1 mike 5528:
5529: </ol></dd>
5530:
5531: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "xmp"</dt>
5532: <dd>
5533:
1.233 mike 5534: <p>If the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> <a href="#has-an-element-in-scope" title="has
5535: an element in scope">has a <code>p</code> element in
5536: scope</a>, then act as if an end tag with the tag name
5537: "p" had been seen.</p>
5538:
1.1 mike 5539: <p><a href="#reconstruct-the-active-formatting-elements">Reconstruct the active formatting elements</a>, if
5540: any.</p>
5541:
5542: <p>Set the <a href="#frameset-ok-flag">frameset-ok flag</a> to "not ok".</p>
5543:
1.91 mike 5544: <p>Follow the <a href="#generic-raw-text-element-parsing-algorithm">generic raw text element parsing algorithm</a>.</p>
1.1 mike 5545:
5546: </dd>
5547:
5548: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "iframe"</dt>
5549: <dd>
5550:
5551: <p>Set the <a href="#frameset-ok-flag">frameset-ok flag</a> to "not ok".</p>
5552:
1.91 mike 5553: <p>Follow the <a href="#generic-raw-text-element-parsing-algorithm">generic raw text element parsing algorithm</a>.</p>
1.1 mike 5554:
5555: </dd>
5556:
5557: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "noembed"</dt>
5558: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "noscript", if the <a href="#scripting-flag">scripting flag</a> is enabled</dt>
5559: <dd>
5560:
1.91 mike 5561: <p>Follow the <a href="#generic-raw-text-element-parsing-algorithm">generic raw text element parsing algorithm</a>.</p>
1.1 mike 5562:
5563: </dd>
5564:
5565: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "select"</dt>
5566: <dd>
5567:
5568: <p><a href="#reconstruct-the-active-formatting-elements">Reconstruct the active formatting elements</a>, if
5569: any.</p>
5570:
5571: <p><a href="#insert-an-html-element">Insert an HTML element</a> for the token.</p>
5572:
5573: <p>Set the <a href="#frameset-ok-flag">frameset-ok flag</a> to "not ok".</p>
5574:
5575: <p>If the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> is one of <a href="#parsing-main-intable" title="insertion mode: in table">in table</a>", "<a href="#parsing-main-incaption" title="insertion mode: in caption">in caption</a>", "<a href="#parsing-main-incolgroup" title="insertion mode: in column group">in column group</a>",
5576: "<a href="#parsing-main-intbody" title="insertion mode: in table body">in table
5577: body</a>", "<a href="#parsing-main-intr" title="insertion mode: in row">in
5578: row</a>", or "<a href="#parsing-main-intd" title="insertion mode: in cell">in
5579: cell</a>", then switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to
5580: "<a href="#parsing-main-inselectintable" title="insertion mode: in select in table">in select in
5581: table</a>". Otherwise, switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a>
5582: to "<a href="#parsing-main-inselect" title="insertion mode: in select">in select</a>".</p>
5583:
5584: </dd>
5585:
5586: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is one of: "optgroup", "option"</dt>
5587: <dd>
5588:
5589: <p>If the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> <a href="#has-an-element-in-scope" title="has an
5590: element in scope">has an <code>option</code> element in
5591: scope</a>, then act as if an end tag with the tag name "option"
5592: had been seen.</p>
5593:
5594: <p><a href="#reconstruct-the-active-formatting-elements">Reconstruct the active formatting elements</a>, if
5595: any.</p>
5596:
5597: <p><a href="#insert-an-html-element">Insert an HTML element</a> for the token.</p>
5598:
5599: </dd>
5600:
5601: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is one of: "rp", "rt"</dt>
5602: <dd>
5603:
5604: <!-- the parsing rules for ruby really don't match IE much at all,
5605: but in practice the markup used is very simple and so strict
5606: compatibility with IE isn't required. For example, as defined
5607: here we get very, very different behaviour than IE for
5608: pathological cases like:
5609:
5610: <ruby><ol><li><p>a<rt>b
5611: <ruby>a<rt>b<p>c
5612:
5613: But in practice most ruby markup falls into these cases:
5614:
5615: <ruby>a<rt>b</ruby>
5616: <ruby>a<rp>b<rt>c<rp>d</ruby>
5617: <ruby>a<rt>b</rt></ruby>
5618: <ruby>a<rp>b</rp><rt>c</rt><rp>d</rp></ruby>
5619:
5620: -->
5621:
5622: <p>If the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> <a href="#has-an-element-in-scope" title="has an
5623: element in scope">has a <code>ruby</code> element in scope</a>,
5624: then <a href="#generate-implied-end-tags">generate implied end tags</a>. If the <a href="#current-node">current
5625: node</a> is not then a <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-ruby-element">ruby</a></code> element, this is a
5626: <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a>; pop all the nodes from the <a href="#current-node">current
5627: node</a> up to the node immediately before the bottommost
5628: <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-ruby-element">ruby</a></code> element on the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open
5629: elements</a>.</p>
5630:
5631: <p><a href="#insert-an-html-element">Insert an HTML element</a> for the token.</p>
5632:
5633: </dd>
5634:
5635: <dt>An end tag whose tag name is "br"</dt>
5636: <dd>
5637: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Act as if a start tag token with
5638: the tag name "br" had been seen. Ignore the end tag token.</p>
5639: </dd>
5640:
5641: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "math"</dt>
5642: <dd>
5643:
5644: <p><a href="#reconstruct-the-active-formatting-elements">Reconstruct the active formatting elements</a>, if
5645: any.</p>
5646:
5647: <p><a href="#adjust-mathml-attributes">Adjust MathML attributes</a> for the token. (This
5648: fixes the case of MathML attributes that are not all
5649: lowercase.)</p>
5650:
5651: <p><a href="#adjust-foreign-attributes">Adjust foreign attributes</a> for the token. (This
5652: fixes the use of namespaced attributes, in particular XLink.)</p>
5653:
5654: <p><a href="#insert-a-foreign-element">Insert a foreign element</a> for the token, in the
5655: <a href="#mathml-namespace">MathML namespace</a>.</p>
5656:
5657: <!-- If we ever change the frameset-ok flag to an insertion mode,
5658: the following change would be implied, except we'd have to do it
5659: even in the face of a self-closed tag:
5660: <p>Set the <span>frameset-ok flag</span> to "not ok".</p>
5661: -->
5662:
5663: <p>If the token has its <i>self-closing flag</i> set, pop the
5664: <a href="#current-node">current node</a> off the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open
5665: elements</a> and <a href="#acknowledge-self-closing-flag" title="acknowledge self-closing
5666: flag">acknowledge the token's <i>self-closing flag</i></a>.</p>
5667:
5668: <p>Otherwise, if the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> is not already
5669: "<a href="#parsing-main-inforeign" title="insertion mode: in foreign content">in foreign
5670: content</a>", let the <a href="#secondary-insertion-mode">secondary insertion mode</a> be
5671: the current <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a>, and then switch the
5672: <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to "<a href="#parsing-main-inforeign" title="insertion mode: in
5673: foreign content">in foreign content</a>".</p>
5674:
5675: </dd>
5676:
5677: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "svg"</dt>
5678: <dd>
5679:
5680: <p><a href="#reconstruct-the-active-formatting-elements">Reconstruct the active formatting elements</a>, if
5681: any.</p>
5682:
5683: <p><a href="#adjust-svg-attributes">Adjust SVG attributes</a> for the token. (This fixes
5684: the case of SVG attributes that are not all lowercase.)</p>
5685:
5686: <p><a href="#adjust-foreign-attributes">Adjust foreign attributes</a> for the token. (This
5687: fixes the use of namespaced attributes, in particular XLink in
5688: SVG.)</p>
5689:
5690: <p><a href="#insert-a-foreign-element">Insert a foreign element</a> for the token, in the
5691: <a href="#svg-namespace">SVG namespace</a>.</p>
5692:
5693: <!-- If we ever change the frameset-ok flag to an insertion mode,
5694: the following change would be implied, except we'd have to do it
5695: even in the face of a self-closed tag:
5696: <p>Set the <span>frameset-ok flag</span> to "not ok".</p>
5697: -->
5698:
5699: <p>If the token has its <i>self-closing flag</i> set, pop the
5700: <a href="#current-node">current node</a> off the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open
5701: elements</a> and <a href="#acknowledge-self-closing-flag" title="acknowledge self-closing
5702: flag">acknowledge the token's <i>self-closing flag</i></a>.</p>
5703:
5704: <p>Otherwise, if the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> is not already
5705: "<a href="#parsing-main-inforeign" title="insertion mode: in foreign content">in foreign
5706: content</a>", let the <a href="#secondary-insertion-mode">secondary insertion mode</a> be
5707: the current <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a>, and then switch the
5708: <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to "<a href="#parsing-main-inforeign" title="insertion mode: in
5709: foreign content">in foreign content</a>".</p>
5710:
5711: </dd>
5712:
5713: <dt>A start <!--or end--> tag whose tag name is one of: "caption",
5714: "col", "colgroup", "frame", "head", "tbody", "td", "tfoot", "th",
5715: "thead", "tr"</dt>
5716: <!--<dt>An end tag whose tag name is one of: "area", "base",
5717: "basefont", "bgsound", "command", "embed", "hr", "iframe", "image",
5718: "img", "input", "isindex", "keygen", "link", "meta", "noembed",
5719: "noframes", "param", "script", "select", "source", "spacer",
5720: "style", "table", "textarea", "title", "wbr"</dt>-->
5721: <!--<dt>An end tag whose tag name is "noscript", if the
5722: <span>scripting flag</span> is enabled</dt>-->
5723: <dd>
5724: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Ignore the token.</p>
5725: <!-- end tags are commented out because since they can never end
5726: up on the stack anyway, the default end tag clause will
5727: automatically handle them. we don't want to have text in the spec
5728: that is just an optimisation, as that detracts from the spec
5729: itself -->
5730: </dd>
5731:
5732: <dt>Any other start tag</dt>
5733: <dd>
5734:
5735: <p><a href="#reconstruct-the-active-formatting-elements">Reconstruct the active formatting elements</a>, if
5736: any.</p>
5737:
5738: <p><a href="#insert-an-html-element">Insert an HTML element</a> for the token.</p>
5739:
5740: <p class="note">This element will be a <a href="#phrasing">phrasing</a>
5741: element.</p>
5742:
5743: </dd>
5744:
5745: <dt>Any other end tag</dt>
5746: <dd>
5747:
5748: <p>Run the following steps:</p>
5749:
5750: <ol><li><p>Initialize <var title="">node</var> to be the <a href="#current-node">current
5751: node</a> (the bottommost node of the stack).</p></li>
5752:
5753: <li><p>If <var title="">node</var> has the same tag name as
5754: the end tag token, then:</p>
5755:
5756: <ol><li><p><a href="#generate-implied-end-tags">Generate implied end tags</a>.</p></li>
5757:
5758: <li><p>If the tag name of the end tag token does not match
5759: the tag name of the <a href="#current-node">current node</a>, this is a
5760: <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a>.</p></li>
5761:
5762: <li><p>Pop all the nodes from the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> up
5763: to <var title="">node</var>, including <var title="">node</var>, then stop these steps.</p></li>
5764:
5765: </ol></li>
5766:
5767: <li><p>Otherwise, if <var title="">node</var> is in neither the
5768: <a href="#formatting">formatting</a> category nor the <a href="#phrasing">phrasing</a>
5769: category, then this is a <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a>; ignore the
5770: token, and abort these steps.</p></li>
5771:
5772: <li><p>Set <var title="">node</var> to the previous entry in the
5773: <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a>.</p></li>
5774:
5775: <li><p>Return to step 2.</p></li>
5776:
5777: </ol></dd>
5778:
1.91 mike 5779: </dl><h5 id="parsing-main-incdata"><span class="secno">9.2.5.11 </span>The "<dfn title="insertion mode: in RAWTEXT/RCDATA">in RAWTEXT/RCDATA</dfn>" insertion mode</h5>
1.1 mike 5780:
5781: <p>When the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> is "<a href="#parsing-main-incdata" title="insertion
1.91 mike 5782: mode: in RAWTEXT/RCDATA">in RAWTEXT/RCDATA</a>", tokens must be
1.1 mike 5783: handled as follows:</p>
5784:
5785: <dl class="switch"><dt>A character token</dt>
5786: <dd>
5787:
5788: <p><a href="#insert-a-character" title="insert a character">Insert the token's
5789: character</a> into the <a href="#current-node">current node</a>.</p>
5790:
5791: </dd>
5792:
5793: <dt>An end-of-file token</dt>
5794: <dd>
5795:
5796: <!-- can't be the fragment case -->
5797: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>.</p>
5798:
5799: <p>If the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> is a <code><a href="semantics.html#script">script</a></code>
1.484 mike 5800: element, mark the <code><a href="semantics.html#script">script</a></code> element as <a href="semantics.html#already-started">"already
5801: started"</a>.</p>
1.1 mike 5802:
5803: <p>Pop the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> off the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open
5804: elements</a>.</p>
5805:
5806: <p>Switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to the <a href="#original-insertion-mode">original
5807: insertion mode</a> and reprocess the current token.</p>
5808:
5809: </dd>
5810:
5811: <dt>An end tag whose tag name is "script"</dt>
5812: <dd>
5813:
5814: <p>Let <var title="">script</var> be the <a href="#current-node">current node</a>
5815: (which will be a <code><a href="semantics.html#script">script</a></code> element).</p>
5816:
5817: <p>Pop the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> off the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open
5818: elements</a>.</p>
5819:
5820: <p>Switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to the <a href="#original-insertion-mode">original
5821: insertion mode</a>.</p>
5822:
5823: <p>Let the <var title="">old insertion point</var> have the
5824: same value as the current <a href="#insertion-point">insertion point</a>. Let
5825: the <a href="#insertion-point">insertion point</a> be just before the <a href="#next-input-character">next
5826: input character</a>.</p>
5827:
5828: <p>Increment the parser's <a href="#script-nesting-level">script nesting level</a> by
5829: one.</p>
5830:
5831: <p><a href="semantics.html#running-a-script" title="running a script">Run</a> the <var title="">script</var>. This might cause some script to execute,
1.159 mike 5832: which might cause <a href="embedded-content-0.html#dom-document-write" title="dom-document-write">new characters
1.1 mike 5833: to be inserted into the tokenizer</a>, and might cause the
5834: tokenizer to output more tokens, resulting in a <a href="#nestedParsing">reentrant invocation of the parser</a>.</p>
5835:
5836: <p>Decrement the parser's <a href="#script-nesting-level">script nesting level</a> by
5837: one. If the parser's <a href="#script-nesting-level">script nesting level</a> is zero,
5838: then set the <a href="#parser-pause-flag">parser pause flag</a> to false.</p>
5839:
5840: <p>Let the <a href="#insertion-point">insertion point</a> have the value of the <var title="">old insertion point</var>. (In other words, restore the
5841: <a href="#insertion-point">insertion point</a> to its previous value. This value
5842: might be the "undefined" value.)</p>
5843:
5844: <p id="scriptTagParserResumes">At this stage, if there is a
1.484 mike 5845: <a href="semantics.html#pending-parsing-blocking-script">pending parsing-blocking script</a>, then:</p>
1.1 mike 5846:
5847: <dl class="switch"><dt>If the <a href="#script-nesting-level">script nesting level</a> is not zero:</dt>
5848:
5849: <dd>
5850:
5851: <p>Set the <a href="#parser-pause-flag">parser pause flag</a> to true, and abort the
5852: processing of any nested invocations of the tokenizer, yielding
5853: control back to the caller. (Tokenization will resume when the
5854: caller returns to the "outer" tree construction stage.)</p>
5855:
5856: <p class="note">The tree construction stage of this particular
5857: parser is <a href="#nestedParsing">being called reentrantly</a>,
1.159 mike 5858: say from a call to <code title="dom-document-write"><a href="embedded-content-0.html#dom-document-write">document.write()</a></code>.</p>
1.1 mike 5859:
5860: </dd>
5861:
5862:
5863: <dt>Otherwise:</dt>
5864:
5865: <dd>
5866:
5867: <p>Follow these steps:</p>
5868:
1.484 mike 5869: <ol><li><p>Let <var title="">the script</var> be the <a href="semantics.html#pending-parsing-blocking-script">pending
5870: parsing-blocking script</a>. There is no longer a <a href="semantics.html#pending-parsing-blocking-script">pending
5871: parsing-blocking script</a>.</p></li>
5872:
5873: <li><p>Block the <a href="#tokenization" title="tokenization">tokenizer</a>
5874: for this instance of the <a href="#html-parser">HTML parser</a>, such that
5875: the <a href="browsers.html#event-loop">event loop</a> will not run <a href="browsers.html#concept-task" title="concept-task">tasks</a> that invoke the <a href="#tokenization" title="tokenization">tokenizer</a>.</p></li>
5876:
5877: <li><p><a href="browsers.html#spin-the-event-loop">Spin the event loop</a> until there is no <a href="semantics.html#a-style-sheet-blocking-scripts" title="a style sheet blocking scripts">style sheet blocking
5878: scripts</a> and <var title="">the script</var>'s
5879: <a href="semantics.html#ready-to-be-parser-executed">"ready to be parser-executed"</a> flag is set.</p></li>
5880:
5881: <li><p>Unblock the <a href="#tokenization" title="tokenization">tokenizer</a>
5882: for this instance of the <a href="#html-parser">HTML parser</a>, such that
5883: <a href="browsers.html#concept-task" title="concept-task">tasks</a> that invoke the <a href="#tokenization" title="tokenization">tokenizer</a> can again be
5884: run.</p></li>
1.1 mike 5885:
5886: <li><p>Let the <a href="#insertion-point">insertion point</a> be just before the
5887: <a href="#next-input-character">next input character</a>.</p></li>
5888:
5889: <li><p>Increment the parser's <a href="#script-nesting-level">script nesting level</a>
5890: by one (it should be zero before this step, so this sets it to
5891: one).</p></li>
5892:
1.484 mike 5893: <li><p><a href="semantics.html#executing-a-script-block" title="executing a script block">Execute</a>
5894: <var title="">the script</var>.</p></li>
1.1 mike 5895:
5896: <li><p>Decrement the parser's <a href="#script-nesting-level">script nesting level</a>
5897: by one. If the parser's <a href="#script-nesting-level">script nesting level</a> is
5898: zero (which it always should be at this point), then set the
5899: <a href="#parser-pause-flag">parser pause flag</a> to false.</p>
5900:
5901: </li><li><p>Let the <a href="#insertion-point">insertion point</a> be undefined
5902: again.</p></li>
5903:
1.484 mike 5904: <li><p>If there is once again a <a href="semantics.html#pending-parsing-blocking-script">pending parsing-blocking
1.1 mike 5905: script</a>, then repeat these steps from step 1.</p></li>
5906:
5907: </ol></dd>
5908:
5909: </dl></dd>
5910:
5911: <dt>Any other end tag</dt>
5912: <dd>
5913:
5914: <p>Pop the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> off the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open
5915: elements</a>.</p>
5916:
5917: <p>Switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to the <a href="#original-insertion-mode">original
5918: insertion mode</a>.</p>
5919:
5920: </dd>
5921:
5922: </dl><h5 id="parsing-main-intable"><span class="secno">9.2.5.12 </span>The "<dfn title="insertion mode: in table">in table</dfn>" insertion mode</h5>
5923:
5924: <p>When the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> is "<a href="#parsing-main-intable" title="insertion
5925: mode: in table">in table</a>", tokens must be handled as follows:</p>
5926:
5927: <dl class="switch"><dt>A character token</dt>
5928: <dd>
5929:
5930: <p>Let the <dfn id="pending-table-character-tokens"><var>pending table character tokens</var></dfn>
5931: be an empty list of tokens.</p>
5932:
5933: <p>Let the <a href="#original-insertion-mode">original insertion mode</a> be the current
5934: <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a>.</p>
5935:
5936: <p>Switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to "<a href="#parsing-main-intabletext" title="insertion mode: in table text">in table text</a>" and
5937: reprocess the token.</p>
5938:
5939: </dd>
5940:
5941: <dt>A comment token</dt>
5942: <dd>
5943: <p>Append a <code>Comment</code> node to the <a href="#current-node">current
5944: node</a> with the <code title="">data</code> attribute set to
5945: the data given in the comment token.</p>
5946: </dd>
5947:
5948: <dt>A DOCTYPE token</dt>
5949: <dd>
5950: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Ignore the token.</p>
5951: </dd>
5952:
5953: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "caption"</dt>
5954: <dd>
5955:
5956: <p><a href="#clear-the-stack-back-to-a-table-context">Clear the stack back to a table context</a>. (See
5957: below.)</p>
5958:
5959: <p>Insert a marker at the end of the <a href="#list-of-active-formatting-elements">list of active
5960: formatting elements</a>.</p>
5961:
5962: <p><a href="#insert-an-html-element">Insert an HTML element</a> for the token, then
5963: switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to "<a href="#parsing-main-incaption" title="insertion mode: in caption">in caption</a>".</p>
5964:
5965: </dd>
5966:
5967: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "colgroup"</dt>
5968: <dd>
5969:
5970: <p><a href="#clear-the-stack-back-to-a-table-context">Clear the stack back to a table context</a>. (See
5971: below.)</p>
5972:
5973: <p><a href="#insert-an-html-element">Insert an HTML element</a> for the token, then
5974: switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to "<a href="#parsing-main-incolgroup" title="insertion mode: in column group">in column
5975: group</a>".</p>
5976:
5977: </dd>
5978:
5979: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "col"</dt>
5980: <dd>
5981: <p>Act as if a start tag token with the tag name "colgroup"
5982: had been seen, then reprocess the current token.</p>
5983: </dd>
5984:
5985: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is one of: "tbody", "tfoot", "thead"</dt>
5986: <dd>
5987:
5988: <p><a href="#clear-the-stack-back-to-a-table-context">Clear the stack back to a table context</a>. (See
5989: below.)</p>
5990:
5991: <p><a href="#insert-an-html-element">Insert an HTML element</a> for the token, then
5992: switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to "<a href="#parsing-main-intbody" title="insertion mode: in table body">in table
5993: body</a>".</p>
5994:
5995: </dd>
5996:
5997: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is one of: "td", "th", "tr"</dt>
5998: <dd>
5999: <p>Act as if a start tag token with the tag name "tbody" had
6000: been seen, then reprocess the current token.</p>
6001: </dd>
6002:
6003: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "table"</dt>
6004: <dd>
6005:
6006: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Act as if an end tag token with
6007: the tag name "table" had been seen, then, if that token wasn't
6008: ignored, reprocess the current token.</p>
6009:
6010: <p class="note">The fake end tag token here can only be
6011: ignored in the <a href="#fragment-case">fragment case</a>.</p>
6012:
6013: </dd>
6014:
6015: <dt>An end tag whose tag name is "table"</dt>
6016: <dd>
6017:
6018: <p>If the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> does not <a href="#has-an-element-in-table-scope" title="has an element in table scope">have an element in table
6019: scope</a> with the same tag name as the token, this is a
6020: <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a>. Ignore the token. (<a href="#fragment-case">fragment
6021: case</a>)</p>
6022:
6023: <p>Otherwise:</p>
6024:
6025: <p>Pop elements from this stack until a <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-table-element">table</a></code>
6026: element has been popped from the stack.</p>
6027:
6028: <p><a href="#reset-the-insertion-mode-appropriately">Reset the insertion mode appropriately</a>.</p>
6029:
6030: </dd>
6031:
6032: <dt>An end tag whose tag name is one of: "body", "caption",
6033: "col", "colgroup", "html", "tbody", "td", "tfoot", "th",
6034: "thead", "tr"</dt>
6035: <dd>
6036: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Ignore the token.</p>
6037: </dd>
6038:
6039: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is one of: "style", "script"</dt>
6040: <dd>
6041:
6042: <p>Process the token <a href="#using-the-rules-for">using the rules for</a> the "<a href="#parsing-main-inhead" title="insertion mode: in head">in head</a>" <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion
6043: mode</a>.</p>
6044:
6045: </dd>
6046:
6047: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "input"</dt>
6048: <dd>
6049:
6050: <p>If the token does not have an attribute with the name "type",
6051: or if it does, but that attribute's value is not an <a href="infrastructure.html#ascii-case-insensitive">ASCII
6052: case-insensitive</a> match for the string "<code title="">hidden</code>", then: act as described in the "anything
6053: else" entry below.</p>
6054:
6055: <p>Otherwise:</p>
6056:
6057: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>.</p>
6058:
6059: <p><a href="#insert-an-html-element">Insert an HTML element</a> for the token.</p>
6060:
6061: <p>Pop that <code><a href="forms.html#the-input-element">input</a></code> element off the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of
6062: open elements</a>.</p>
6063:
6064: </dd>
6065:
6066: <dt>An end-of-file token</dt>
6067: <dd>
6068:
6069: <p>If the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> is not the root
1.159 mike 6070: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element-0">html</a></code> element, then this is a <a href="#parse-error">parse
1.1 mike 6071: error</a>.</p>
6072:
6073: <p class="note">It can only be the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> in
6074: the <a href="#fragment-case">fragment case</a>.</p>
6075:
6076: <p><a href="#stop-parsing">Stop parsing</a>.</p>
6077:
6078: </dd>
6079:
6080: <dt>Anything else</dt>
6081: <dd>
6082:
6083: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Process the token <a href="#using-the-rules-for">using the
6084: rules for</a> the "<a href="#parsing-main-inbody" title="insertion mode: in body">in
6085: body</a>" <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a>, except that if the
6086: <a href="#current-node">current node</a> is a <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-table-element">table</a></code>,
6087: <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tbody-element">tbody</a></code>, <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tfoot-element">tfoot</a></code>, <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-thead-element">thead</a></code>, or
6088: <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tr-element">tr</a></code> element, then, whenever a node would be inserted
6089: into the <a href="#current-node">current node</a>, it must instead be <a href="#foster-parent" title="foster parent">foster parented</a>.</p>
6090:
6091: </dd>
6092:
6093: </dl><p>When the steps above require the UA to <dfn id="clear-the-stack-back-to-a-table-context">clear the stack
6094: back to a table context</dfn>, it means that the UA must, while
6095: the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> is not a <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-table-element">table</a></code>
1.159 mike 6096: element or an <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element-0">html</a></code> element, pop elements from the
1.1 mike 6097: <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a>.</p>
6098:
6099: <p class="note">The <a href="#current-node">current node</a> being an
1.159 mike 6100: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element-0">html</a></code> element after this process is a <a href="#fragment-case">fragment
1.1 mike 6101: case</a>.</p>
6102:
6103:
6104:
6105: <h5 id="parsing-main-intabletext"><span class="secno">9.2.5.13 </span>The "<dfn title="insertion mode: in table text">in table text</dfn>" insertion mode</h5>
6106:
6107: <p>When the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> is "<a href="#parsing-main-intabletext" title="insertion
6108: mode: in table text">in table text</a>", tokens must be handled
6109: as follows:</p>
6110:
6111: <dl class="switch"><dt>A character token</dt>
6112: <dd>
6113:
6114: <p>Append the character token to the <var><a href="#pending-table-character-tokens">pending table character
6115: tokens</a></var> list.</p>
6116:
6117: </dd>
6118:
6119:
6120: <dt>Anything else</dt>
6121: <dd>
6122:
6123: <p>If any of the tokens in the <var><a href="#pending-table-character-tokens">pending table character
6124: tokens</a></var> list are character tokens that are not one of U+0009
6125: CHARACTER TABULATION, U+000A LINE FEED (LF), U+000C FORM FEED
6126: (FF), <!--U+000D CARRIAGE RETURN (CR),--> or U+0020 SPACE, then
6127: reprocess those character tokens using the rules given in the
6128: "anything else" entry in the <a href="#parsing-main-intable" title="insertion mode: in
6129: table">in table</a>" insertion mode.</p>
6130:
6131: <p>Otherwise, <a href="#insert-a-character" title="insert a character">insert the
6132: characters</a> given by the <var><a href="#pending-table-character-tokens">pending table character
6133: tokens</a></var> list into the <a href="#current-node">current node</a>.</p>
6134:
6135: <p>Switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to the <a href="#original-insertion-mode">original
6136: insertion mode</a> and reprocess the token.</p>
6137:
6138: </dd>
6139:
6140: </dl><h5 id="parsing-main-incaption"><span class="secno">9.2.5.14 </span>The "<dfn title="insertion mode: in caption">in caption</dfn>" insertion mode</h5>
6141:
6142: <p>When the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> is "<a href="#parsing-main-incaption" title="insertion
6143: mode: in caption">in caption</a>", tokens must be handled as follows:</p>
6144:
6145: <dl class="switch"><dt>An end tag whose tag name is "caption"</dt>
6146: <dd>
6147:
6148: <p>If the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> does not <a href="#has-an-element-in-table-scope" title="has an element in table scope">have an element in table
6149: scope</a> with the same tag name as the token, this is a
6150: <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a>. Ignore the token. (<a href="#fragment-case">fragment
6151: case</a>)</p>
6152:
6153: <p>Otherwise:</p>
6154:
6155: <p><a href="#generate-implied-end-tags">Generate implied end tags</a>.</p>
6156:
6157: <p>Now, if the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> is not a
6158: <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-caption-element">caption</a></code> element, then this is a <a href="#parse-error">parse
6159: error</a>.</p>
6160:
6161: <p>Pop elements from this stack until a <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-caption-element">caption</a></code>
6162: element has been popped from the stack.</p>
6163:
6164: <p><a href="#clear-the-list-of-active-formatting-elements-up-to-the-last-marker">Clear the list of active formatting elements up to
6165: the last marker</a>.</p>
6166:
6167: <p>Switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to "<a href="#parsing-main-intable" title="insertion mode: in table">in table</a>".</p>
6168:
6169: </dd>
6170:
6171: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is one of: "caption", "col",
6172: "colgroup", "tbody", "td", "tfoot", "th", "thead", "tr"</dt>
6173: <dt>An end tag whose tag name is "table"</dt>
6174: <dd>
6175:
6176: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Act as if an end tag with the tag
6177: name "caption" had been seen, then, if that token wasn't
6178: ignored, reprocess the current token.</p>
6179:
6180: <p class="note">The fake end tag token here can only be
6181: ignored in the <a href="#fragment-case">fragment case</a>.</p>
6182:
6183: </dd>
6184:
6185: <dt>An end tag whose tag name is one of: "body", "col",
6186: "colgroup", "html", "tbody", "td", "tfoot", "th", "thead",
6187: "tr"</dt>
6188: <dd>
6189: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Ignore the token.</p>
6190: </dd>
6191:
6192: <dt>Anything else</dt>
6193: <dd>
6194: <p>Process the token <a href="#using-the-rules-for">using the rules for</a> the "<a href="#parsing-main-inbody" title="insertion mode: in body">in body</a>" <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion
6195: mode</a>.</p>
6196: </dd>
6197:
6198: </dl><h5 id="parsing-main-incolgroup"><span class="secno">9.2.5.15 </span>The "<dfn title="insertion mode: in column group">in column group</dfn>" insertion mode</h5>
6199:
6200: <p>When the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> is "<a href="#parsing-main-incolgroup" title="insertion
6201: mode: in column group">in column group</a>", tokens must be handled as follows:</p>
6202:
6203: <dl class="switch"><dt>A character token that is one of U+0009 CHARACTER
6204: TABULATION, U+000A LINE FEED (LF), U+000C FORM FEED (FF),
6205: <!--U+000D CARRIAGE RETURN (CR),--> or U+0020 SPACE</dt>
6206: <dd>
6207: <p><a href="#insert-a-character" title="insert a character">Insert the character</a> into
6208: the <a href="#current-node">current node</a>.</p>
6209: </dd>
6210:
6211: <dt>A comment token</dt>
6212: <dd>
6213: <p>Append a <code>Comment</code> node to the <a href="#current-node">current
6214: node</a> with the <code title="">data</code> attribute set to
6215: the data given in the comment token.</p>
6216: </dd>
6217:
6218: <dt>A DOCTYPE token</dt>
6219: <dd>
6220: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Ignore the token.</p>
6221: </dd>
6222:
6223: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "html"</dt>
6224: <dd>
6225: <p>Process the token <a href="#using-the-rules-for">using the rules for</a> the "<a href="#parsing-main-inbody" title="insertion mode: in body">in body</a>" <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion
6226: mode</a>.</p>
6227: </dd>
6228:
6229: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "col"</dt>
6230: <dd>
6231:
6232: <p><a href="#insert-an-html-element">Insert an HTML element</a> for the token. Immediately
6233: pop the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> off the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open
6234: elements</a>.</p>
6235:
6236: <p><a href="#acknowledge-self-closing-flag" title="acknowledge self-closing flag">Acknowledge the
6237: token's <i>self-closing flag</i></a>, if it is set.</p>
6238:
6239: </dd>
6240:
6241: <dt>An end tag whose tag name is "colgroup"</dt>
6242: <dd>
6243:
6244: <p>If the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> is the root
1.159 mike 6245: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element-0">html</a></code> element, then this is a <a href="#parse-error">parse
1.1 mike 6246: error</a>; ignore the token. (<a href="#fragment-case">fragment
6247: case</a>)</p>
6248:
6249: <p>Otherwise, pop the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> (which will be
6250: a <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-colgroup-element">colgroup</a></code> element) from the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open
6251: elements</a>. Switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to
6252: "<a href="#parsing-main-intable" title="insertion mode: in table">in table</a>".</p>
6253:
6254: </dd>
6255:
6256: <dt>An end tag whose tag name is "col"</dt>
6257: <dd>
6258: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Ignore the token.</p>
6259: </dd>
6260:
6261: <dt>An end-of-file token</dt>
6262: <dd>
6263:
1.159 mike 6264: <p>If the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> is the root <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element-0">html</a></code>
1.1 mike 6265: element, then <a href="#stop-parsing">stop parsing</a>. (<a href="#fragment-case">fragment
6266: case</a>)</p>
6267:
6268: <p>Otherwise, act as described in the "anything else" entry
6269: below.</p>
6270:
6271: </dd>
6272:
6273: <dt>Anything else</dt>
6274: <dd>
6275:
6276: <p>Act as if an end tag with the tag name "colgroup" had been
6277: seen, and then, if that token wasn't ignored, reprocess the
6278: current token.</p>
6279:
6280: <p class="note">The fake end tag token here can only be
6281: ignored in the <a href="#fragment-case">fragment case</a>.</p>
6282:
6283: </dd>
6284:
6285: </dl><h5 id="parsing-main-intbody"><span class="secno">9.2.5.16 </span>The "<dfn title="insertion mode: in table body">in table body</dfn>" insertion mode</h5>
6286:
6287: <p>When the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> is "<a href="#parsing-main-intbody" title="insertion
6288: mode: in table body">in table body</a>", tokens must be handled as follows:</p>
6289:
6290: <dl class="switch"><dt>A start tag whose tag name is "tr"</dt>
6291: <dd>
6292:
6293: <p><a href="#clear-the-stack-back-to-a-table-body-context">Clear the stack back to a table body
6294: context</a>. (See below.)</p>
6295:
6296: <p><a href="#insert-an-html-element">Insert an HTML element</a> for the token, then switch
6297: the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to "<a href="#parsing-main-intr" title="insertion mode:
6298: in row">in row</a>".</p>
6299:
6300: </dd>
6301:
6302: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is one of: "th", "td"</dt>
6303: <dd>
6304: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Act as if a start tag with
6305: the tag name "tr" had been seen, then reprocess the current
6306: token.</p>
6307: </dd>
6308:
6309: <dt>An end tag whose tag name is one of: "tbody", "tfoot",
6310: "thead"</dt>
6311: <dd>
6312:
6313: <p>If the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> does not <a href="#has-an-element-in-table-scope" title="has an element in table scope">have an element in table
6314: scope</a> with the same tag name as the token, this is a
6315: <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a>. Ignore the token.</p>
6316:
6317: <p>Otherwise:</p>
6318:
6319: <p><a href="#clear-the-stack-back-to-a-table-body-context">Clear the stack back to a table body
6320: context</a>. (See below.)</p>
6321:
6322: <p>Pop the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> from the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of
6323: open elements</a>. Switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a>
6324: to "<a href="#parsing-main-intable" title="insertion mode: in table">in table</a>".</p>
6325:
6326: </dd>
6327:
6328: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is one of: "caption", "col",
6329: "colgroup", "tbody", "tfoot", "thead"</dt>
6330: <dt>An end tag whose tag name is "table"</dt>
6331: <dd>
6332:
6333: <p>If the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> does not <a href="#has-an-element-in-table-scope" title="has an element in table scope">have a
6334: <code>tbody</code>, <code>thead</code>, or <code>tfoot</code>
6335: element in table scope</a>, this is a <a href="#parse-error">parse
6336: error</a>. Ignore the token. (<a href="#fragment-case">fragment
6337: case</a>)</p>
6338:
6339: <p>Otherwise:</p>
6340:
6341: <p><a href="#clear-the-stack-back-to-a-table-body-context">Clear the stack back to a table body
6342: context</a>. (See below.)</p>
6343:
6344: <p>Act as if an end tag with the same tag name as the
6345: <a href="#current-node">current node</a> ("tbody", "tfoot", or "thead") had
6346: been seen, then reprocess the current token.</p>
6347:
6348: </dd>
6349:
6350: <dt>An end tag whose tag name is one of: "body", "caption",
6351: "col", "colgroup", "html", "td", "th", "tr"</dt>
6352: <dd>
6353: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Ignore the token.</p>
6354: </dd>
6355:
6356: <dt>Anything else</dt>
6357: <dd>
6358: <p>Process the token <a href="#using-the-rules-for">using the rules for</a> the "<a href="#parsing-main-intable" title="insertion mode: in table">in table</a>" <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion
6359: mode</a>.</p>
6360: </dd>
6361:
6362: </dl><p>When the steps above require the UA to <dfn id="clear-the-stack-back-to-a-table-body-context">clear the stack
6363: back to a table body context</dfn>, it means that the UA must,
6364: while the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> is not a <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tbody-element">tbody</a></code>,
1.159 mike 6365: <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tfoot-element">tfoot</a></code>, <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-thead-element">thead</a></code>, or <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element-0">html</a></code>
1.1 mike 6366: element, pop elements from the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open
6367: elements</a>.</p>
6368:
6369: <p class="note">The <a href="#current-node">current node</a> being an
1.159 mike 6370: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element-0">html</a></code> element after this process is a <a href="#fragment-case">fragment
1.1 mike 6371: case</a>.</p>
6372:
6373:
6374: <h5 id="parsing-main-intr"><span class="secno">9.2.5.17 </span>The "<dfn title="insertion mode: in row">in row</dfn>" insertion mode</h5>
6375:
6376: <p>When the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> is "<a href="#parsing-main-intr" title="insertion
6377: mode: in row">in row</a>", tokens must be handled as follows:</p>
6378:
6379: <dl class="switch"><dt>A start tag whose tag name is one of: "th", "td"</dt>
6380: <dd>
6381:
6382: <p><a href="#clear-the-stack-back-to-a-table-row-context">Clear the stack back to a table row
6383: context</a>. (See below.)</p>
6384:
6385: <p><a href="#insert-an-html-element">Insert an HTML element</a> for the token, then switch
6386: the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to "<a href="#parsing-main-intd" title="insertion mode:
6387: in cell">in cell</a>".</p>
6388:
6389: <p>Insert a marker at the end of the <a href="#list-of-active-formatting-elements">list of active
6390: formatting elements</a>.</p>
6391:
6392: </dd>
6393:
6394: <dt>An end tag whose tag name is "tr"</dt>
6395: <dd>
6396:
6397: <p>If the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> does not <a href="#has-an-element-in-table-scope" title="has an element in table scope">have an element in table
6398: scope</a> with the same tag name as the token, this is a
6399: <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a>. Ignore the token. (<a href="#fragment-case">fragment
6400: case</a>)</p>
6401:
6402: <p>Otherwise:</p>
6403:
6404: <p><a href="#clear-the-stack-back-to-a-table-row-context">Clear the stack back to a table row
6405: context</a>. (See below.)</p>
6406:
6407: <p>Pop the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> (which will be a
6408: <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tr-element">tr</a></code> element) from the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open
6409: elements</a>. Switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to
6410: "<a href="#parsing-main-intbody" title="insertion mode: in table body">in table
6411: body</a>".</p>
6412:
6413: </dd>
6414:
6415: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is one of: "caption", "col",
6416: "colgroup", "tbody", "tfoot", "thead", "tr"</dt>
6417: <dt>An end tag whose tag name is "table"</dt>
6418: <dd>
6419:
6420: <p>Act as if an end tag with the tag name "tr" had been seen,
6421: then, if that token wasn't ignored, reprocess the current
6422: token.</p>
6423:
6424: <p class="note">The fake end tag token here can only be
6425: ignored in the <a href="#fragment-case">fragment case</a>.</p>
6426:
6427: </dd>
6428:
6429: <dt>An end tag whose tag name is one of: "tbody", "tfoot",
6430: "thead"</dt>
6431: <dd>
6432:
6433: <p>If the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> does not <a href="#has-an-element-in-table-scope" title="has an element in table scope">have an element in table
6434: scope</a> with the same tag name as the token, this is a
6435: <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a>. Ignore the token.</p>
6436:
6437: <p>Otherwise, act as if an end tag with the tag name "tr" had
6438: been seen, then reprocess the current token.</p>
6439:
6440: </dd>
6441:
6442: <dt>An end tag whose tag name is one of: "body", "caption",
6443: "col", "colgroup", "html", "td", "th"</dt>
6444: <dd>
6445: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Ignore the token.</p>
6446: </dd>
6447:
6448: <dt>Anything else</dt>
6449: <dd>
6450: <p>Process the token <a href="#using-the-rules-for">using the rules for</a> the "<a href="#parsing-main-intable" title="insertion mode: in table">in table</a>" <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion
6451: mode</a>.</p>
6452: </dd>
6453:
6454: </dl><p>When the steps above require the UA to <dfn id="clear-the-stack-back-to-a-table-row-context">clear the stack
6455: back to a table row context</dfn>, it means that the UA must,
6456: while the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> is not a <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tr-element">tr</a></code>
1.159 mike 6457: element or an <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element-0">html</a></code> element, pop elements from the
1.1 mike 6458: <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a>.</p>
6459:
6460: <p class="note">The <a href="#current-node">current node</a> being an
1.159 mike 6461: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element-0">html</a></code> element after this process is a <a href="#fragment-case">fragment
1.1 mike 6462: case</a>.</p>
6463:
6464:
6465: <h5 id="parsing-main-intd"><span class="secno">9.2.5.18 </span>The "<dfn title="insertion mode: in cell">in cell</dfn>" insertion mode</h5>
6466:
6467: <p>When the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> is "<a href="#parsing-main-intd" title="insertion
6468: mode: in cell">in cell</a>", tokens must be handled as follows:</p>
6469:
6470: <dl class="switch"><dt>An end tag whose tag name is one of: "td", "th"</dt>
6471: <dd>
6472:
6473: <p>If the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> does not <a href="#has-an-element-in-table-scope" title="has an element in table scope">have an element in table
6474: scope</a> with the same tag name as that of the token, then
6475: this is a <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a> and the token must be
6476: ignored.</p>
6477:
6478: <p>Otherwise:</p>
6479:
6480: <p><a href="#generate-implied-end-tags">Generate implied end tags</a>.</p>
6481:
6482: <p>Now, if the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> is not an element
6483: with the same tag name as the token, then this is a
6484: <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a>.</p>
6485:
6486: <p>Pop elements from this stack until an element with the same
6487: tag name as the token has been popped from the stack.</p>
6488:
6489: <p><a href="#clear-the-list-of-active-formatting-elements-up-to-the-last-marker">Clear the list of active formatting elements up to
6490: the last marker</a>.</p>
6491:
6492: <p>Switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to "<a href="#parsing-main-intr" title="insertion mode: in row">in row</a>". (The
6493: <a href="#current-node">current node</a> will be a <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tr-element">tr</a></code> element at
6494: this point.)</p>
6495:
6496: </dd>
6497:
6498: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is one of: "caption", "col",
6499: "colgroup", "tbody", "td", "tfoot", "th", "thead", "tr"</dt>
6500: <dd>
6501:
6502: <p>If the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> does
6503: <em>not</em> <a href="#has-an-element-in-table-scope" title="has an element in table scope">have
6504: a <code>td</code> or <code>th</code> element in table
6505: scope</a>, then this is a <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a>; ignore
6506: the token. (<a href="#fragment-case">fragment case</a>)</p>
6507:
6508: <p>Otherwise, <a href="#close-the-cell">close the cell</a> (see below) and
6509: reprocess the current token.</p>
6510:
6511: </dd>
6512:
6513: <dt>An end tag whose tag name is one of: "body", "caption",
6514: "col", "colgroup", "html"</dt>
6515: <dd>
6516: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Ignore the token.</p>
6517: </dd>
6518:
6519: <dt>An end tag whose tag name is one of: "table", "tbody",
6520: "tfoot", "thead", "tr"</dt>
6521: <dd>
6522:
6523: <p>If the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> does not <a href="#has-an-element-in-table-scope" title="has an element in table scope">have an element in table
6524: scope</a> with the same tag name as that of the token
6525: (which can only happen for "tbody", "tfoot" and "thead", or,
6526: in the <a href="#fragment-case">fragment case</a>), then this is a <a href="#parse-error">parse
6527: error</a> and the token must be ignored.</p>
6528:
6529: <p>Otherwise, <a href="#close-the-cell">close the cell</a> (see below) and
6530: reprocess the current token.</p>
6531:
6532: </dd>
6533:
6534: <dt>Anything else</dt>
6535: <dd>
6536: <p>Process the token <a href="#using-the-rules-for">using the rules for</a> the "<a href="#parsing-main-inbody" title="insertion mode: in body">in body</a>" <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion
6537: mode</a>.</p>
6538: </dd>
6539:
6540: </dl><p>Where the steps above say to <dfn id="close-the-cell">close the cell</dfn>, they
6541: mean to run the following algorithm:</p>
6542:
6543: <ol><li><p>If the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> <a href="#has-an-element-in-table-scope" title="has an element in table scope">has a <code>td</code>
6544: element in table scope</a>, then act as if an end tag token
6545: with the tag name "td" had been seen.</p></li>
6546:
6547: <li><p>Otherwise, the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> will
6548: <a href="#has-an-element-in-table-scope" title="has an element in table scope">have a
6549: <code>th</code> element in table scope</a>; act as if an end
6550: tag token with the tag name "th" had been seen.</p></li>
6551:
6552: </ol><p class="note">The <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> cannot
6553: have both a <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-td-element">td</a></code> and a <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-th-element">th</a></code> element <a href="#has-an-element-in-table-scope" title="has an element in table scope">in table scope</a> at
6554: the same time, nor can it have neither when the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion
6555: mode</a> is "<a href="#parsing-main-intd" title="insertion mode: in cell">in
6556: cell</a>".</p>
6557:
6558:
6559: <h5 id="parsing-main-inselect"><span class="secno">9.2.5.19 </span>The "<dfn title="insertion mode: in select">in select</dfn>" insertion mode</h5>
6560:
6561: <p>When the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> is "<a href="#parsing-main-inselect" title="insertion
6562: mode: in select">in select</a>", tokens must be handled as follows:</p>
6563:
6564: <dl class="switch"><dt>A character token</dt>
6565: <dd>
6566: <p><a href="#insert-a-character" title="insert a character">Insert the token's
6567: character</a> into the <a href="#current-node">current node</a>.</p>
6568: </dd>
6569:
6570: <dt>A comment token</dt>
6571: <dd>
6572: <p>Append a <code>Comment</code> node to the <a href="#current-node">current
6573: node</a> with the <code title="">data</code> attribute set to
6574: the data given in the comment token.</p>
6575: </dd>
6576:
6577: <dt>A DOCTYPE token</dt>
6578: <dd>
6579: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Ignore the token.</p>
6580: </dd>
6581:
6582: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "html"</dt>
6583: <dd>
6584: <p>Process the token <a href="#using-the-rules-for">using the rules for</a> the "<a href="#parsing-main-inbody" title="insertion mode: in body">in body</a>" <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion
6585: mode</a>.</p>
6586: </dd>
6587:
6588: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "option"</dt>
6589: <dd>
6590:
6591: <p>If the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> is an <code><a href="forms.html#the-option-element">option</a></code>
6592: element, act as if an end tag with the tag name "option" had
6593: been seen.</p>
6594:
6595: <p><a href="#insert-an-html-element">Insert an HTML element</a> for the token.</p>
6596:
6597: </dd>
6598:
6599: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "optgroup"</dt>
6600: <dd>
6601:
6602: <p>If the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> is an <code><a href="forms.html#the-option-element">option</a></code>
6603: element, act as if an end tag with the tag name "option" had
6604: been seen.</p>
6605:
6606: <p>If the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> is an
6607: <code><a href="forms.html#the-optgroup-element">optgroup</a></code> element, act as if an end tag with the
6608: tag name "optgroup" had been seen.</p>
6609:
6610: <p><a href="#insert-an-html-element">Insert an HTML element</a> for the token.</p>
6611:
6612: </dd>
6613:
6614: <dt>An end tag whose tag name is "optgroup"</dt>
6615: <dd>
6616:
6617: <p>First, if the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> is an
6618: <code><a href="forms.html#the-option-element">option</a></code> element, and the node immediately before
6619: it in the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> is an
6620: <code><a href="forms.html#the-optgroup-element">optgroup</a></code> element, then act as if an end tag with
6621: the tag name "option" had been seen.</p>
6622:
6623: <p>If the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> is an
6624: <code><a href="forms.html#the-optgroup-element">optgroup</a></code> element, then pop that node from the
6625: <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a>. Otherwise, this is a
6626: <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a>; ignore the token.</p>
6627:
6628: </dd>
6629:
6630: <dt>An end tag whose tag name is "option"</dt>
6631: <dd>
6632:
6633: <p>If the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> is an <code><a href="forms.html#the-option-element">option</a></code>
6634: element, then pop that node from the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open
6635: elements</a>. Otherwise, this is a <a href="#parse-error">parse
6636: error</a>; ignore the token.</p>
6637:
6638: </dd>
6639:
6640: <dt>An end tag whose tag name is "select"</dt>
6641: <dd>
6642:
6643: <p>If the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> does not <a href="#has-an-element-in-table-scope" title="has an element in table scope">have an element in table
6644: scope</a> with the same tag name as the token, this is a
6645: <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a>. Ignore the token. (<a href="#fragment-case">fragment
6646: case</a>)</p>
6647:
6648: <p>Otherwise:</p>
6649:
6650: <p>Pop elements from the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a>
6651: until a <code><a href="forms.html#the-select-element">select</a></code> element has been popped from the
6652: stack.</p>
6653:
6654: <p><a href="#reset-the-insertion-mode-appropriately">Reset the insertion mode appropriately</a>.</p>
6655:
6656: </dd>
6657:
6658: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "select"</dt>
6659: <dd>
6660:
6661: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Act as if the token had been
6662: an end tag with the tag name "select" instead.</p>
6663:
6664: </dd>
6665:
6666: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is one of: "input", "keygen", "textarea"</dt>
6667: <dd>
1.73 mike 6668:
6669: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>.</p>
6670:
1.124 mike 6671: <p>If the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> does not <a href="#has-an-element-in-table-scope" title="has an element in table scope">have a <code>select</code>
6672: element in table scope</a>, ignore the token. (<a href="#fragment-case">fragment
6673: case</a>)</p>
1.73 mike 6674:
6675: <p>Otherwise, act as if an end tag with the tag name "select" had
6676: been seen, and reprocess the token.</p>
6677:
1.1 mike 6678: </dd>
6679:
6680: <dt>A start tag token whose tag name is "script"</dt>
6681: <dd>
6682: <p>Process the token <a href="#using-the-rules-for">using the rules for</a> the "<a href="#parsing-main-inhead" title="insertion mode: in head">in head</a>" <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion
6683: mode</a>.</p>
6684: </dd>
6685:
6686: <dt>An end-of-file token</dt>
6687: <dd>
6688:
6689: <p>If the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> is not the root
1.159 mike 6690: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element-0">html</a></code> element, then this is a <a href="#parse-error">parse
1.1 mike 6691: error</a>.</p>
6692:
6693: <p class="note">It can only be the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> in
6694: the <a href="#fragment-case">fragment case</a>.</p>
6695:
6696: <p><a href="#stop-parsing">Stop parsing</a>.</p>
6697:
6698: </dd>
6699:
6700: <dt>Anything else</dt>
6701: <dd>
6702: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Ignore the token.</p>
6703: </dd>
6704:
6705: </dl><h5 id="parsing-main-inselectintable"><span class="secno">9.2.5.20 </span>The "<dfn title="insertion mode: in select in table">in select in table</dfn>" insertion mode</h5>
6706:
6707: <p>When the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> is "<a href="#parsing-main-inselectintable" title="insertion
6708: mode: in select in table">in select in table</a>", tokens must be handled as follows:</p>
6709:
6710: <dl class="switch"><dt>A start tag whose tag name is one of: "caption", "table",
6711: "tbody", "tfoot", "thead", "tr", "td", "th"</dt>
6712: <dd>
6713: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Act as if an end tag with the tag
6714: name "select" had been seen, and reprocess the token.</p>
6715: </dd>
6716:
6717: <dt>An end tag whose tag name is one of: "caption", "table",
6718: "tbody", "tfoot", "thead", "tr", "td", "th"</dt>
6719: <dd>
6720:
6721: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>.</p>
6722:
6723: <p>If the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> <a href="#has-an-element-in-table-scope">has an
6724: element in table scope</a> with the same tag name as that
6725: of the token, then act as if an end tag with the tag name
6726: "select" had been seen, and reprocess the token. Otherwise,
6727: ignore the token.</p>
6728:
6729: </dd>
6730:
6731: <dt>Anything else</dt>
6732: <dd>
6733: <p>Process the token <a href="#using-the-rules-for">using the rules for</a> the "<a href="#parsing-main-inselect" title="insertion mode: in select">in select</a>" <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion
6734: mode</a>.</p>
6735: </dd>
6736:
1.168 mike 6737: </dl><h5 id="parsing-main-inforeign"><span class="secno">9.2.5.21 </span>The "<dfn title="insertion mode: in foreign content">in foreign content</dfn>" insertion mode</h5>
1.1 mike 6738:
6739: <p>When the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> is "<a href="#parsing-main-inforeign" title="insertion
6740: mode: in foreign content">in foreign content</a>", tokens must be
6741: handled as follows:</p>
6742:
6743: <dl class="switch"><dt>A character token</dt>
6744: <dd>
6745:
6746: <p><a href="#insert-a-character" title="insert a character">Insert the token's
6747: character</a> into the <a href="#current-node">current node</a>.</p>
6748:
6749: <p>If the token is not one of U+0009 CHARACTER TABULATION, U+000A
6750: LINE FEED (LF), U+000C FORM FEED (FF), <!--U+000D CARRIAGE RETURN
6751: (CR),--> or U+0020 SPACE, then set the <a href="#frameset-ok-flag">frameset-ok
6752: flag</a> to "not ok".</p>
6753:
6754: </dd>
6755:
6756: <dt>A comment token</dt>
6757: <dd>
6758: <p>Append a <code>Comment</code> node to the <a href="#current-node">current
6759: node</a> with the <code title="">data</code> attribute set to
6760: the data given in the comment token.</p>
6761: </dd>
6762:
6763: <dt>A DOCTYPE token</dt>
6764: <dd>
6765: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Ignore the token.</p>
6766: </dd>
6767:
6768: <dt>An end tag whose tag name is "script", if the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> is a <code title="">script</code> element in the <a href="#svg-namespace">SVG namespace</a>.</dt>
6769: <dd>
6770:
6771: <p>Pop the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> off the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open
6772: elements</a>.</p>
6773:
6774: <p>Let the <var title="">old insertion point</var> have the
6775: same value as the current <a href="#insertion-point">insertion point</a>. Let
6776: the <a href="#insertion-point">insertion point</a> be just before the <a href="#next-input-character">next
6777: input character</a>.</p>
6778:
6779: <p>Increment the parser's <a href="#script-nesting-level">script nesting level</a> by
6780: one. Set the <a href="#parser-pause-flag">parser pause flag</a> to true.</p>
6781:
6782: <p><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/SVGMobile12/script.html#ScriptContentProcessing">Process
6783: the <code title="">script</code> element</a> according to the SVG
1.187 mike 6784: rules, if the user agent supports SVG. <a href="references.html#refsSVG">[SVG]</a></p>
1.1 mike 6785:
1.159 mike 6786: <p class="note">Even if this causes <a href="embedded-content-0.html#dom-document-write" title="dom-document-write">new characters to be inserted into the
1.1 mike 6787: tokenizer</a>, the parser will not be executed reentrantly,
6788: since the <a href="#parser-pause-flag">parser pause flag</a> is true.</p>
6789:
6790: <p>Decrement the parser's <a href="#script-nesting-level">script nesting level</a> by
6791: one. If the parser's <a href="#script-nesting-level">script nesting level</a> is zero,
6792: then set the <a href="#parser-pause-flag">parser pause flag</a> to false.</p>
6793:
6794: <p>Let the <a href="#insertion-point">insertion point</a> have the value of the <var title="">old insertion point</var>. (In other words, restore the
6795: <a href="#insertion-point">insertion point</a> to its previous value. This value
6796: might be the "undefined" value.)</p>
6797:
6798: </dd>
6799:
6800: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is neither "mglyph" nor "malignmark", if the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> is an <code title="">mi</code> element in the <a href="#mathml-namespace">MathML namespace</a>.</dt>
6801: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is neither "mglyph" nor "malignmark", if the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> is an <code title="">mo</code> element in the <a href="#mathml-namespace">MathML namespace</a>.</dt>
6802: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is neither "mglyph" nor "malignmark", if the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> is an <code title="">mn</code> element in the <a href="#mathml-namespace">MathML namespace</a>.</dt>
6803: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is neither "mglyph" nor "malignmark", if the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> is an <code title="">ms</code> element in the <a href="#mathml-namespace">MathML namespace</a>.</dt>
6804: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is neither "mglyph" nor "malignmark", if the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> is an <code title="">mtext</code> element in the <a href="#mathml-namespace">MathML namespace</a>.</dt>
6805: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "svg", if the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> is an <code title="">annotation-xml</code> element in the <a href="#mathml-namespace">MathML namespace</a>.</dt>
6806: <dt>A start tag, if the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> is a <code title="">foreignObject</code> element in the <a href="#svg-namespace">SVG namespace</a>.</dt>
6807: <dt>A start tag, if the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> is a <code title="">desc</code> element in the <a href="#svg-namespace">SVG namespace</a>.</dt>
6808: <dt>A start tag, if the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> is a <code title="">title</code> element in the <a href="#svg-namespace">SVG namespace</a>.</dt>
6809: <dt>A start tag, if the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> is an element in the <a href="#html-namespace-0">HTML namespace</a>.</dt>
6810: <dt>An end tag</dt>
6811: <dd>
6812:
6813: <p>Process the token <a href="#using-the-rules-for">using the rules for</a> the
6814: <a href="#secondary-insertion-mode">secondary insertion mode</a>.</p>
6815:
6816: <p>If, after doing so, the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> is still
6817: "<a href="#parsing-main-inforeign" title="insertion mode: in foreign content">in foreign
1.336 mike 6818: content</a>", but there is no element <a href="#has-an-element-in-scope" title="has an
6819: element in scope">in scope</a> that has a namespace other than
6820: the <a href="#html-namespace-0">HTML namespace</a>, switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion
1.1 mike 6821: mode</a> to the <a href="#secondary-insertion-mode">secondary insertion mode</a>.</p>
6822:
6823: </dd>
6824:
6825: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is one of: <!--"a",--> "b", "big",
6826: "blockquote", "body"<!--by inspection-->, "br", "center", "code",
1.422 mike 6827: "dd", "div", "dl", "dt"<!-- so that dd and dt can be handled
6828: uniformly throughout the parser -->, "em", "embed", "h1", "h2",
6829: "h3", "h4"<!--for completeness-->, "h5", "h6"<!--for
1.1 mike 6830: completeness-->, "head"<!--by inspection-->, "hr", "i", "img",
6831: "li", "listing"<!-- so that pre and listing can be handled
6832: uniformly throughout the parser -->, "menu", "meta", "nobr",
6833: "ol"<!-- so that dl, ul, and ol can be handled uniformly throughout
6834: the parser -->, "p", "pre", "ruby", "s", <!--"script",--> "small",
6835: "span", "strong", "strike"<!-- so that s and strike can be handled
6836: uniformly throughout the parser -->, <!--"style",--> "sub", "sup",
1.305 mike 6837: "table"<!--by inspection-->, "tt", "u", "ul", "var"</dt> <!-- this
6838: list was determined empirically by studying over 6,000,000,000
1.422 mike 6839: pages that were specifically not XML pages -->
6840: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "font", if the token has any
6841: attributes named "color", "face", or "size"</dt> <!-- the
6842: attributes here are required so that SVG <font> will go through as
6843: SVG but legacy <font>s won't -->
6844: <dt>An end-of-file token</dt> <dd>
1.1 mike 6845:
6846: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>.</p>
6847:
6848: <p>Pop elements from the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> until
6849: the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> is in the <a href="#html-namespace-0">HTML
6850: namespace</a>.</p>
6851:
6852: <p>Switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to the <a href="#secondary-insertion-mode">secondary
6853: insertion mode</a>, and reprocess the token.</p>
6854:
6855: </dd>
6856:
6857: <dt>Any other start tag</dt>
6858: <dd>
6859:
6860: <p>If the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> is an element in the
6861: <a href="#mathml-namespace">MathML namespace</a>, <a href="#adjust-mathml-attributes">adjust MathML
6862: attributes</a> for the token. (This fixes the case of MathML
6863: attributes that are not all lowercase.)</p>
6864:
6865: <p>If the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> is an element in the <a href="#svg-namespace">SVG
6866: namespace</a>, and the token's tag name is one of the ones in
6867: the first column of the following table, change the tag name to
6868: the name given in the corresponding cell in the second
6869: column. (This fixes the case of SVG elements that are not all
6870: lowercase.)</p>
6871:
6872: <table><thead><tr><th> Tag name </th><th> Element name
6873: </th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td> <code title="">altglyph</code> </td><td> <code title="">altGlyph</code>
6874: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">altglyphdef</code> </td><td> <code title="">altGlyphDef</code>
6875: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">altglyphitem</code> </td><td> <code title="">altGlyphItem</code>
6876: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">animatecolor</code> </td><td> <code title="">animateColor</code>
6877: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">animatemotion</code> </td><td> <code title="">animateMotion</code>
6878: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">animatetransform</code> </td><td> <code title="">animateTransform</code>
6879: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">clippath</code> </td><td> <code title="">clipPath</code>
6880: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">feblend</code> </td><td> <code title="">feBlend</code>
6881: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">fecolormatrix</code> </td><td> <code title="">feColorMatrix</code>
6882: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">fecomponenttransfer</code> </td><td> <code title="">feComponentTransfer</code>
6883: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">fecomposite</code> </td><td> <code title="">feComposite</code>
6884: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">feconvolvematrix</code> </td><td> <code title="">feConvolveMatrix</code>
6885: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">fediffuselighting</code> </td><td> <code title="">feDiffuseLighting</code>
6886: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">fedisplacementmap</code> </td><td> <code title="">feDisplacementMap</code>
6887: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">fedistantlight</code> </td><td> <code title="">feDistantLight</code>
6888: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">feflood</code> </td><td> <code title="">feFlood</code>
6889: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">fefunca</code> </td><td> <code title="">feFuncA</code>
6890: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">fefuncb</code> </td><td> <code title="">feFuncB</code>
6891: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">fefuncg</code> </td><td> <code title="">feFuncG</code>
6892: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">fefuncr</code> </td><td> <code title="">feFuncR</code>
6893: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">fegaussianblur</code> </td><td> <code title="">feGaussianBlur</code>
6894: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">feimage</code> </td><td> <code title="">feImage</code>
6895: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">femerge</code> </td><td> <code title="">feMerge</code>
6896: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">femergenode</code> </td><td> <code title="">feMergeNode</code>
6897: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">femorphology</code> </td><td> <code title="">feMorphology</code>
6898: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">feoffset</code> </td><td> <code title="">feOffset</code>
6899: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">fepointlight</code> </td><td> <code title="">fePointLight</code>
6900: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">fespecularlighting</code> </td><td> <code title="">feSpecularLighting</code>
6901: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">fespotlight</code> </td><td> <code title="">feSpotLight</code>
6902: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">fetile</code> </td><td> <code title="">feTile</code>
6903: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">feturbulence</code> </td><td> <code title="">feTurbulence</code>
6904: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">foreignobject</code> </td><td> <code title="">foreignObject</code>
6905: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">glyphref</code> </td><td> <code title="">glyphRef</code>
6906: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">lineargradient</code> </td><td> <code title="">linearGradient</code>
6907: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">radialgradient</code> </td><td> <code title="">radialGradient</code>
6908: <!--<tr> <td> <code title="">solidcolor</code> <td> <code title="">solidColor</code> (SVG 1.2)-->
6909: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">textpath</code> </td><td> <code title="">textPath</code>
6910: </td></tr></tbody></table><p>If the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> is an element in the <a href="#svg-namespace">SVG
6911: namespace</a>, <a href="#adjust-svg-attributes">adjust SVG attributes</a> for the
6912: token. (This fixes the case of SVG attributes that are not all
6913: lowercase.)</p>
6914:
6915: <p><a href="#adjust-foreign-attributes">Adjust foreign attributes</a> for the token. (This
6916: fixes the use of namespaced attributes, in particular XLink in
6917: SVG.)</p>
6918:
6919: <p><a href="#insert-a-foreign-element">Insert a foreign element</a> for the token, in the
6920: same namespace as the <a href="#current-node">current node</a>.</p>
6921:
6922: <p>If the token has its <i>self-closing flag</i> set, pop the
6923: <a href="#current-node">current node</a> off the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open
6924: elements</a> and <a href="#acknowledge-self-closing-flag" title="acknowledge self-closing
6925: flag">acknowledge the token's <i>self-closing flag</i></a>.</p>
6926:
6927: </dd>
6928:
6929: </dl><h5 id="parsing-main-afterbody"><span class="secno">9.2.5.22 </span>The "<dfn title="insertion mode: after body">after body</dfn>" insertion mode</h5>
6930:
6931: <p>When the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> is "<a href="#parsing-main-afterbody" title="insertion
6932: mode: after body">after body</a>", tokens must be handled as follows:</p>
6933:
6934: <dl class="switch"><dt>A character token that is one of U+0009 CHARACTER
6935: TABULATION, U+000A LINE FEED (LF), U+000C FORM FEED (FF),
6936: <!--U+000D CARRIAGE RETURN (CR),--> or U+0020 SPACE</dt>
6937: <dd>
6938: <p>Process the token <a href="#using-the-rules-for">using the rules for</a> the "<a href="#parsing-main-inbody" title="insertion mode: in body">in body</a>" <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion
6939: mode</a>.</p>
6940: </dd>
6941:
6942: <dt>A comment token</dt>
6943: <dd>
6944: <p>Append a <code>Comment</code> node to the first element in
1.159 mike 6945: the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> (the <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element-0">html</a></code>
1.1 mike 6946: element), with the <code title="">data</code> attribute set to
6947: the data given in the comment token.</p>
6948: </dd>
6949:
6950: <dt>A DOCTYPE token</dt>
6951: <dd>
6952: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Ignore the token.</p>
6953: </dd>
6954:
6955: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "html"</dt>
6956: <dd>
6957: <p>Process the token <a href="#using-the-rules-for">using the rules for</a> the "<a href="#parsing-main-inbody" title="insertion mode: in body">in body</a>" <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion
6958: mode</a>.</p>
6959: </dd>
6960:
6961: <dt>An end tag whose tag name is "html"</dt>
6962: <dd>
6963:
6964: <p>If the parser was originally created as part of the <a href="#html-fragment-parsing-algorithm">HTML
6965: fragment parsing algorithm</a>, this is a <a href="#parse-error">parse
6966: error</a>; ignore the token. (<a href="#fragment-case">fragment case</a>)</p>
6967:
6968: <p>Otherwise, switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to "<a href="#the-after-after-body-insertion-mode" title="insertion mode: after after body">after after
6969: body</a>".</p>
6970:
6971: </dd>
6972:
6973: <dt>An end-of-file token</dt>
6974: <dd>
6975: <p><a href="#stop-parsing">Stop parsing</a>.</p>
6976: </dd>
6977:
6978: <dt>Anything else</dt>
6979: <dd>
6980:
6981: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion
6982: mode</a> to "<a href="#parsing-main-inbody" title="insertion mode: in body">in
6983: body</a>" and reprocess the token.</p>
6984:
6985: </dd>
6986:
6987: </dl><h5 id="parsing-main-inframeset"><span class="secno">9.2.5.23 </span>The "<dfn title="insertion mode: in frameset">in frameset</dfn>" insertion mode</h5>
6988:
6989: <p>When the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> is "<a href="#parsing-main-inframeset" title="insertion
6990: mode: in frameset">in frameset</a>", tokens must be handled as follows:</p>
6991:
6992: <dl class="switch"><dt>A character token that is one of U+0009 CHARACTER
6993: TABULATION, U+000A LINE FEED (LF), U+000C FORM FEED (FF),
6994: <!--U+000D CARRIAGE RETURN (CR),--> or U+0020 SPACE</dt>
6995: <dd>
6996: <p><a href="#insert-a-character" title="insert a character">Insert the character</a> into
6997: the <a href="#current-node">current node</a>.</p>
6998: </dd>
6999:
7000: <dt>A comment token</dt>
7001: <dd>
7002: <p>Append a <code>Comment</code> node to the <a href="#current-node">current
7003: node</a> with the <code title="">data</code> attribute set to
7004: the data given in the comment token.</p>
7005: </dd>
7006:
7007: <dt>A DOCTYPE token</dt>
7008: <dd>
7009: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Ignore the token.</p>
7010: </dd>
7011:
7012: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "html"</dt>
7013: <dd>
7014: <p>Process the token <a href="#using-the-rules-for">using the rules for</a> the "<a href="#parsing-main-inbody" title="insertion mode: in body">in body</a>" <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion
7015: mode</a>.</p>
7016: </dd>
7017:
7018: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "frameset"</dt>
7019: <dd>
7020: <p><a href="#insert-an-html-element">Insert an HTML element</a> for the token.</p>
7021: </dd>
7022:
7023: <dt>An end tag whose tag name is "frameset"</dt>
7024: <dd>
7025:
7026: <p>If the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> is the root
1.159 mike 7027: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element-0">html</a></code> element, then this is a <a href="#parse-error">parse
1.1 mike 7028: error</a>; ignore the token. (<a href="#fragment-case">fragment
7029: case</a>)</p>
7030:
7031: <p>Otherwise, pop the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> from the
7032: <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a>.</p>
7033:
7034: <p>If the parser was <em>not</em> originally created as part
7035: of the <a href="#html-fragment-parsing-algorithm">HTML fragment parsing algorithm</a>
7036: (<a href="#fragment-case">fragment case</a>), and the <a href="#current-node">current
1.5 mike 7037: node</a> is no longer a <code><a href="obsolete.html#frameset">frameset</a></code> element, then
1.1 mike 7038: switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to "<a href="#parsing-main-afterframeset" title="insertion mode: after frameset">after
7039: frameset</a>".</p>
7040:
7041: </dd>
7042:
7043: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "frame"</dt>
7044: <dd>
7045:
7046: <p><a href="#insert-an-html-element">Insert an HTML element</a> for the token.
7047: Immediately pop the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> off the
7048: <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a>.</p>
7049:
7050: <p><a href="#acknowledge-self-closing-flag" title="acknowledge self-closing flag">Acknowledge the
7051: token's <i>self-closing flag</i></a>, if it is set.</p>
7052:
7053: </dd>
7054:
7055: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "noframes"</dt>
7056: <dd>
7057: <p>Process the token <a href="#using-the-rules-for">using the rules for</a> the "<a href="#parsing-main-inhead" title="insertion mode: in head">in head</a>" <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion
7058: mode</a>.</p>
7059: </dd>
7060:
7061: <dt>An end-of-file token</dt>
7062: <dd>
7063:
7064: <p>If the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> is not the root
1.159 mike 7065: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element-0">html</a></code> element, then this is a <a href="#parse-error">parse
1.1 mike 7066: error</a>.</p>
7067:
7068: <p class="note">It can only be the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> in
7069: the <a href="#fragment-case">fragment case</a>.</p>
7070:
7071: <p><a href="#stop-parsing">Stop parsing</a>.</p>
7072:
7073: </dd>
7074:
7075: <dt>Anything else</dt>
7076: <dd>
7077: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Ignore the token.</p>
7078: </dd>
7079:
7080: </dl><h5 id="parsing-main-afterframeset"><span class="secno">9.2.5.24 </span>The "<dfn title="insertion mode: after frameset">after frameset</dfn>" insertion mode</h5>
7081:
7082: <p>When the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> is "<a href="#parsing-main-afterframeset" title="insertion
7083: mode: after frameset">after frameset</a>", tokens must be handled as follows:</p>
7084:
7085: <!-- due to rules in the "in frameset" mode, this can't be entered in the fragment case -->
7086: <dl class="switch"><dt>A character token that is one of U+0009 CHARACTER
7087: TABULATION, U+000A LINE FEED (LF), U+000C FORM FEED (FF),
7088: <!--U+000D CARRIAGE RETURN (CR),--> or U+0020 SPACE</dt>
7089: <dd>
7090: <p><a href="#insert-a-character" title="insert a character">Insert the character</a> into
7091: the <a href="#current-node">current node</a>.</p>
7092: </dd>
7093:
7094: <dt>A comment token</dt>
7095: <dd>
7096: <p>Append a <code>Comment</code> node to the <a href="#current-node">current
7097: node</a> with the <code title="">data</code> attribute set to
7098: the data given in the comment token.</p>
7099: </dd>
7100:
7101: <dt>A DOCTYPE token</dt>
7102: <dd>
7103: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Ignore the token.</p>
7104: </dd>
7105:
7106: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "html"</dt>
7107: <dd>
7108: <p>Process the token <a href="#using-the-rules-for">using the rules for</a> the "<a href="#parsing-main-inbody" title="insertion mode: in body">in body</a>" <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion
7109: mode</a>.</p>
7110: </dd>
7111:
7112: <dt>An end tag whose tag name is "html"</dt>
7113: <dd>
7114: <p>Switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to "<a href="#the-after-after-frameset-insertion-mode" title="insertion mode: after after frameset">after after
7115: frameset</a>".</p>
7116: </dd>
7117:
7118: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "noframes"</dt>
7119: <dd>
7120: <p>Process the token <a href="#using-the-rules-for">using the rules for</a> the "<a href="#parsing-main-inhead" title="insertion mode: in head">in head</a>" <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion
7121: mode</a>.</p>
7122: </dd>
7123:
7124: <dt>An end-of-file token</dt>
7125: <dd>
7126: <p><a href="#stop-parsing">Stop parsing</a>.</p>
7127: </dd>
7128:
7129: <dt>Anything else</dt>
7130: <dd>
7131: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Ignore the token.</p>
7132: </dd>
7133:
1.336 mike 7134: </dl><h5 id="the-after-after-body-insertion-mode"><span class="secno">9.2.5.25 </span>The "<dfn title="insertion mode: after after body">after after body</dfn>" insertion mode</h5>
1.1 mike 7135:
7136: <p>When the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> is "<a href="#the-after-after-body-insertion-mode" title="insertion
7137: mode: after after body">after after body</a>", tokens must be handled as follows:</p>
7138:
7139: <dl class="switch"><dt>A comment token</dt>
7140: <dd>
7141: <p>Append a <code>Comment</code> node to the <code>Document</code>
7142: object with the <code title="">data</code> attribute set to the
7143: data given in the comment token.</p>
7144: </dd>
7145:
7146: <dt>A DOCTYPE token</dt>
7147: <dt>A character token that is one of U+0009 CHARACTER
7148: TABULATION, U+000A LINE FEED (LF), U+000C FORM FEED (FF),
7149: <!--U+000D CARRIAGE RETURN (CR),--> or U+0020 SPACE</dt>
7150: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "html"</dt>
7151: <dd>
7152: <p>Process the token <a href="#using-the-rules-for">using the rules for</a> the "<a href="#parsing-main-inbody" title="insertion mode: in body">in body</a>" <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion
7153: mode</a>.</p>
7154: </dd>
7155:
7156: <dt>An end-of-file token</dt>
7157: <dd>
7158: <p><a href="#stop-parsing">Stop parsing</a>.</p>
7159: </dd>
7160:
7161: <dt>Anything else</dt>
7162: <dd>
7163: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a>
7164: to "<a href="#parsing-main-inbody" title="insertion mode: in body">in body</a>" and
7165: reprocess the token.</p>
7166: </dd>
7167:
7168: </dl><h5 id="the-after-after-frameset-insertion-mode"><span class="secno">9.2.5.26 </span>The "<dfn title="insertion mode: after after frameset">after after frameset</dfn>" insertion mode</h5>
7169:
7170: <p>When the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> is "<a href="#the-after-after-frameset-insertion-mode" title="insertion
7171: mode: after after frameset">after after frameset</a>", tokens must be handled as follows:</p>
7172:
7173: <dl class="switch"><dt>A comment token</dt>
7174: <dd>
7175: <p>Append a <code>Comment</code> node to the <code>Document</code>
7176: object with the <code title="">data</code> attribute set to the
7177: data given in the comment token.</p>
7178: </dd>
7179:
7180: <dt>A DOCTYPE token</dt>
7181: <dt>A character token that is one of U+0009 CHARACTER
7182: TABULATION, U+000A LINE FEED (LF), U+000C FORM FEED (FF),
7183: <!--U+000D CARRIAGE RETURN (CR),--> or U+0020 SPACE</dt>
7184: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "html"</dt>
7185: <dd>
7186: <p>Process the token <a href="#using-the-rules-for">using the rules for</a> the "<a href="#parsing-main-inbody" title="insertion mode: in body">in body</a>" <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion
7187: mode</a>.</p>
7188: </dd>
7189:
7190: <dt>An end-of-file token</dt>
7191: <dd>
7192: <p><a href="#stop-parsing">Stop parsing</a>.</p>
7193: </dd>
7194:
7195: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "noframes"</dt>
7196: <dd>
7197: <p>Process the token <a href="#using-the-rules-for">using the rules for</a> the "<a href="#parsing-main-inhead" title="insertion mode: in head">in head</a>" <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion
7198: mode</a>.</p>
7199: </dd>
7200:
7201: <dt>Anything else</dt>
7202: <dd>
7203: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Ignore the token.</p>
7204: </dd>
7205:
1.266 mike 7206: </dl></div><div class="impl">
7207:
7208: <h4 id="the-end"><span class="secno">9.2.6 </span>The end</h4>
1.1 mike 7209:
7210: <p>Once the user agent <dfn id="stop-parsing" title="stop parsing">stops parsing</dfn>
1.484 mike 7211: the document, the user agent must run the following steps:</p>
1.1 mike 7212:
1.484 mike 7213: <ol><!-- this happens as part of one of the tasks that runs the parser --><li><p>Set the <a href="dom.html#current-document-readiness">current document readiness</a> to
7214: "interactive" <!-- this also synchronously fires an event --> and
7215: the <a href="#insertion-point">insertion point</a> to undefined.</p></li>
7216:
7217: <li><p>If the <a href="semantics.html#list-of-scripts-that-will-execute-when-the-document-has-finished-parsing">list of scripts that will execute when the
7218: document has finished parsing</a> is not empty, run these
7219: substeps:</p>
7220:
7221: <ol><li><p><a href="browsers.html#spin-the-event-loop">Spin the event loop</a> until the first
7222: <code><a href="semantics.html#script">script</a></code> in the <a href="semantics.html#list-of-scripts-that-will-execute-when-the-document-has-finished-parsing">list of scripts that will
7223: execute when the document has finished parsing</a> has its
7224: <a href="semantics.html#ready-to-be-parser-executed">"ready to be parser-executed"</a> flag set <em>and</em> there
7225: is no <a href="semantics.html#a-style-sheet-blocking-scripts" title="a style sheet blocking scripts">style sheet
7226: blocking scripts</a>.</p></li>
7227:
7228: <li><p><a href="semantics.html#executing-a-script-block" title="executing a script block">Execute</a> the
7229: first <code><a href="semantics.html#script">script</a></code> in the <a href="semantics.html#list-of-scripts-that-will-execute-when-the-document-has-finished-parsing">list of scripts that will
7230: execute when the document has finished parsing</a>.</p></li>
7231:
7232: <li><p>Remove the first <code><a href="semantics.html#script">script</a></code> element from the
7233: <a href="semantics.html#list-of-scripts-that-will-execute-when-the-document-has-finished-parsing">list of scripts that will execute when the document has
7234: finished parsing</a> (i.e. shift out the first entry in the
7235: list).</p></li>
7236:
7237: <li><p>If the <a href="semantics.html#list-of-scripts-that-will-execute-when-the-document-has-finished-parsing">list of scripts that will execute when the
7238: document has finished parsing</a> is still not empty, repeat
7239: these substeps again from substep 1.</p>
7240:
7241: </li></ol></li>
7242:
7243: <li><p><a href="browsers.html#spin-the-event-loop">Spin the event loop</a> until the the <a href="semantics.html#list-of-scripts-that-will-execute-as-soon-as-possible">list of
7244: scripts that will execute as soon as possible</a> is
7245: empty.</p></li>
7246:
7247: <li><p><a href="browsers.html#queue-a-task">Queue a task</a> to <a href="browsers.html#fire-a-simple-event">fire a simple
7248: event</a> named <code title="event-DOMContentLoaded">DOMContentLoaded</code> at the
7249: <code>Document</code>.</p></li>
7250:
7251: <li><p><a href="browsers.html#spin-the-event-loop">Spin the event loop</a> until there is nothing that
7252: <dfn id="delay-the-load-event" title="delay the load event">delays the load event</dfn> in
7253: the <code>Document</code>.</p></li>
7254:
7255: <li><p><a href="browsers.html#queue-a-task">Queue a task</a> to set the <a href="dom.html#current-document-readiness">current document
7256: readiness</a> to "complete". <!-- this also fires an event
7257: synchronously during the task --></p></li>
1.1 mike 7258:
1.484 mike 7259: <li><p>If the <code>Document</code> is in a <a href="browsers.html#browsing-context">browsing
1.1 mike 7260: context</a>, then <a href="browsers.html#queue-a-task">queue a task</a> to <a href="browsers.html#fire-a-simple-event">fire a
1.460 mike 7261: simple event</a> named <code title="event-load">load</code> at
1.1 mike 7262: the <code>Document</code>'s <code><a href="browsers.html#window">Window</a></code> object, but with
7263: its <code title="dom-event-target">target</code> set to the
7264: <code>Document</code> object (and the <code title="dom-event-currentTarget">currentTarget</code> set to the
1.484 mike 7265: <code><a href="browsers.html#window">Window</a></code> object).</p></li>
1.1 mike 7266:
1.484 mike 7267: <li><p>If the <code>Document</code> has a <a href="history.html#pending-state-object">pending state
1.1 mike 7268: object</a>, then <a href="browsers.html#queue-a-task">queue a task</a> to fire a <code title="event-popstate"><a href="history.html#event-popstate">popstate</a></code> event in no namespace on the
7269: <code>Document</code>'s <code><a href="browsers.html#window">Window</a></code> object using the
7270: <code><a href="history.html#popstateevent">PopStateEvent</a></code> interface, with the <code title="dom-PopStateEvent-state"><a href="history.html#dom-popstateevent-state">state</a></code> attribute set to the
7271: current value of the <a href="history.html#pending-state-object">pending state object</a>. This event
1.484 mike 7272: must bubble but not be cancelable and has no default
7273: action.</p></li>
1.1 mike 7274:
1.484 mike 7275: </ol><p>The <a href="browsers.html#task-source">task source</a> for the <a href="browsers.html#concept-task" title="concept-task">tasks</a> mentioned in this section is the
7276: <a href="browsers.html#dom-manipulation-task-source">DOM manipulation task source</a>.</p>
1.1 mike 7277:
1.266 mike 7278: </div><div class="impl">
1.1 mike 7279:
7280: <h4 id="coercing-an-html-dom-into-an-infoset"><span class="secno">9.2.7 </span>Coercing an HTML DOM into an infoset</h4>
7281:
7282: <p>When an application uses an <a href="#html-parser">HTML parser</a> in
7283: conjunction with an XML pipeline, it is possible that the
7284: constructed DOM is not compatible with the XML tool chain in certain
7285: subtle ways. For example, an XML toolchain might not be able to
7286: represent attributes with the name <code title="">xmlns</code>,
7287: since they conflict with the Namespaces in XML syntax. There is also
7288: some data that the <a href="#html-parser">HTML parser</a> generates that isn't
7289: included in the DOM itself. This section specifies some rules for
7290: handling these issues.</p>
7291:
7292: <p>If the XML API being used doesn't support DOCTYPEs, the tool may
7293: drop DOCTYPEs altogether.</p>
7294:
7295: <p>If the XML API doesn't support attributes in no namespace that
7296: are named "<code title="">xmlns</code>", attributes whose names
7297: start with "<code title="">xmlns:</code>", or attributes in the
7298: <a href="#xmlns-namespace">XMLNS namespace</a>, then the tool may drop such
7299: attributes.</p>
7300:
7301: <p>The tool may annotate the output with any namespace declarations
7302: required for proper operation.</p>
7303:
7304: <p>If the XML API being used restricts the allowable characters in
7305: the local names of elements and attributes, then the tool may map
7306: all element and attribute local names that the API wouldn't support
7307: to a set of names that <em>are</em> allowed, by replacing any
7308: character that isn't supported with the uppercase letter U and the
7309: six digits of the character's Unicode code point when expressed in
7310: hexadecimal, using digits 0-9 and capital letters A-F as the
7311: symbols, in increasing numeric order.</p>
7312:
7313: <p class="example">For example, the element name <code title="">foo<bar</code>, which can be output by the <a href="#html-parser">HTML
7314: parser</a>, though it is neither a legal HTML element name nor a
7315: well-formed XML element name, would be converted into <code title="">fooU00003Cbar</code>, which <em>is</em> a well-formed XML
7316: element name (though it's still not legal in HTML by any means).</p>
7317:
7318: <p class="example">As another example, consider the attribute
7319: <code>xlink:href</code>. Used on a MathML element, it becomes, after
7320: being <a href="#adjust-foreign-attributes" title="adjust foreign attributes">adjusted</a>, an
7321: attribute with a prefix "<code title="">xlink</code>" and a local
7322: name "<code title="">href</code>". However, used on an HTML element,
7323: it becomes an attribute with no prefix and the local name "<code title="">xlink:href</code>", which is not a valid NCName, and thus
7324: might not be accepted by an XML API. It could thus get converted,
7325: becoming "<code title="">xlinkU00003Ahref</code>".</p>
7326:
7327: <p class="note">The resulting names from this conversion
7328: conveniently can't clash with any attribute generated by the
7329: <a href="#html-parser">HTML parser</a>, since those are all either lowercase or
7330: those listed in the <a href="#adjust-foreign-attributes">adjust foreign attributes</a>
7331: algorithm's table.</p>
7332:
7333: <p>If the XML API restricts comments from having two consecutive
7334: U+002D HYPHEN-MINUS characters (--), the tool may insert a single
7335: U+0020 SPACE character between any such offending characters.</p>
7336:
7337: <p>If the XML API restricts comments from ending in a
7338: U+002D HYPHEN-MINUS character (-), the tool may insert a single
7339: U+0020 SPACE character at the end of such comments.</p>
7340:
7341: <p>If the XML API restricts allowed characters in character data,
1.439 mike 7342: attribute values, or comments, the tool may replace any U+000C FORM
7343: FEED (FF) character with a U+0020 SPACE character, and any other
7344: literal non-XML character with a U+FFFD REPLACEMENT CHARACTER.</p>
1.1 mike 7345:
7346: <p>If the tool has no way to convey out-of-band information, then
7347: the tool may drop the following information:</p>
7348:
7349: <ul><li>Whether the document is set to <i><a href="dom.html#no-quirks-mode">no quirks mode</a></i>,
7350: <i><a href="dom.html#limited-quirks-mode">limited quirks mode</a></i>, or <i><a href="dom.html#quirks-mode">quirks mode</a></i></li>
7351:
7352: <li>The association between form controls and forms that aren't
7353: their nearest <code><a href="forms.html#the-form-element">form</a></code> element ancestor (use of the
7354: <a href="#form-element-pointer"><code>form</code> element pointer</a> in the parser)</li>
7355:
7356: </ul><p class="note">The mutations allowed by this section apply
7357: <em>after</em> the <a href="#html-parser">HTML parser</a>'s rules have been
7358: applied. For example, a <code title=""><a::></code> start tag
7359: will be closed by a <code title=""></a::></code> end tag, and
7360: never by a <code title=""></aU00003AU00003A></code> end tag, even
7361: if the user agent is using the rules above to then generate an
7362: actual element in the DOM with the name <code title="">aU00003AU00003A</code> for that start tag.</p>
7363:
1.266 mike 7364: </div><div class="impl">
1.1 mike 7365:
1.35 mike 7366: <h4 id="an-introduction-to-error-handling-and-strange-cases-in-the-parser"><span class="secno">9.2.8 </span>An introduction to error handling and strange cases in the parser</h4>
1.1 mike 7367:
7368: <p><i>This section is non-normative.</i></p>
7369:
7370: <p>This section examines some erroneous markup and discusses how
7371: the <a href="#html-parser">HTML parser</a> handles these cases.</p>
7372:
7373:
7374: <h5 id="misnested-tags:-b-i-b-i"><span class="secno">9.2.8.1 </span>Misnested tags: <b><i></b></i></h5>
7375:
7376: <p><i>This section is non-normative.</i></p>
7377:
7378: <p>The most-often discussed example of erroneous markup is as
7379: follows:</p>
7380:
7381: <pre><p>1<b>2<i>3</b>4</i>5</p></pre>
7382:
7383: <p>The parsing of this markup is straightforward up to the "3". At
7384: this point, the DOM looks like this:</p>
7385:
1.159 mike 7386: <ul class="domTree"><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element-0">html</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-head-element-0">head</a></code></li><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-body-element-0">body</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-p-element">p</a></code><ul><li class="t3"><code>#text</code>: <span title="">1</span></li><li class="t1"><code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-b-element">b</a></code><ul><li class="t3"><code>#text</code>: <span title="">2</span></li><li class="t1"><code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-i-element">i</a></code><ul><li class="t3"><code>#text</code>: <span title="">3</span></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul><p>Here, the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> has five elements
7387: on it: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element-0">html</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-body-element-0">body</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-p-element">p</a></code>,
1.1 mike 7388: <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-b-element">b</a></code>, and <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-i-element">i</a></code>. The <a href="#list-of-active-formatting-elements">list of active
7389: formatting elements</a> just has two: <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-b-element">b</a></code> and
7390: <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-i-element">i</a></code>. The <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> is "<a href="#parsing-main-inbody" title="insertion mode: in body">in body</a>".</p>
7391:
7392: <p>Upon receiving the end tag token with the tag name "b", the "<a href="#adoptionAgency">adoption agency algorithm</a>" is
7393: invoked. This is a simple case, in that the <var title="">formatting
7394: element</var> is the <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-b-element">b</a></code> element, and there is no
7395: <var title="">furthest block</var>. Thus, the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open
1.159 mike 7396: elements</a> ends up with just three elements: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element-0">html</a></code>,
7397: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-body-element-0">body</a></code>, and <code><a href="semantics.html#the-p-element">p</a></code>, while the <a href="#list-of-active-formatting-elements">list of
1.1 mike 7398: active formatting elements</a> has just one: <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-i-element">i</a></code>. The
7399: DOM tree is unmodified at this point.</p>
7400:
7401: <p>The next token is a character ("4"), triggers the <a href="#reconstruct-the-active-formatting-elements" title="reconstruct the active formatting elements">reconstruction of
7402: the active formatting elements</a>, in this case just the
7403: <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-i-element">i</a></code> element. A new <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-i-element">i</a></code> element is thus created
7404: for the "4" text node. After the end tag token for the "i" is also
7405: received, and the "5" text node is inserted, the DOM looks as
7406: follows:</p>
7407:
1.159 mike 7408: <ul class="domTree"><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element-0">html</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-head-element-0">head</a></code></li><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-body-element-0">body</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-p-element">p</a></code><ul><li class="t3"><code>#text</code>: <span title="">1</span></li><li class="t1"><code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-b-element">b</a></code><ul><li class="t3"><code>#text</code>: <span title="">2</span></li><li class="t1"><code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-i-element">i</a></code><ul><li class="t3"><code>#text</code>: <span title="">3</span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li class="t1"><code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-i-element">i</a></code><ul><li class="t3"><code>#text</code>: <span title="">4</span></li></ul></li><li class="t3"><code>#text</code>: <span title="">5</span></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul><h5 id="misnested-tags:-b-p-b-p"><span class="secno">9.2.8.2 </span>Misnested tags: <b><p></b></p></h5>
1.1 mike 7409:
7410: <p><i>This section is non-normative.</i></p>
7411:
7412: <p>A case similar to the previous one is the following:</p>
7413:
7414: <pre><b>1<p>2</b>3</p></pre>
7415:
7416: <p>Up to the "2" the parsing here is straightforward:</p>
7417:
1.159 mike 7418: <ul class="domTree"><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element-0">html</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-head-element-0">head</a></code></li><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-body-element-0">body</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-b-element">b</a></code><ul><li class="t3"><code>#text</code>: <span title="">1</span></li><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-p-element">p</a></code><ul><li class="t3"><code>#text</code>: <span title="">2</span></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul><p>The interesting part is when the end tag token with the tag name
1.1 mike 7419: "b" is parsed.</p>
7420:
7421: <p>Before that token is seen, the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open
1.159 mike 7422: elements</a> has four elements on it: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element-0">html</a></code>,
7423: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-body-element-0">body</a></code>, <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-b-element">b</a></code>, and <code><a href="semantics.html#the-p-element">p</a></code>. The
1.1 mike 7424: <a href="#list-of-active-formatting-elements">list of active formatting elements</a> just has the one:
7425: <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-b-element">b</a></code>. The <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> is "<a href="#parsing-main-inbody" title="insertion mode: in body">in body</a>".</p>
7426:
7427: <p>Upon receiving the end tag token with the tag name "b", the "<a href="#adoptionAgency">adoption agency algorithm</a>" is invoked, as
7428: in the previous example. However, in this case, there <em>is</em> a
7429: <var title="">furthest block</var>, namely the <code><a href="semantics.html#the-p-element">p</a></code> element. Thus,
7430: this time the adoption agency algorithm isn't skipped over.</p>
7431:
1.159 mike 7432: <p>The <var title="">common ancestor</var> is the <code><a href="semantics.html#the-body-element-0">body</a></code>
1.1 mike 7433: element. A conceptual "bookmark" marks the position of the
7434: <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-b-element">b</a></code> in the <a href="#list-of-active-formatting-elements">list of active formatting
7435: elements</a>, but since that list has only one element in it,
7436: it won't have much effect.</p>
7437:
7438: <p>As the algorithm progresses, <var title="">node</var> ends up set
7439: to the formatting element (<code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-b-element">b</a></code>), and <var title="">last
7440: node</var> ends up set to the <var title="">furthest block</var>
7441: (<code><a href="semantics.html#the-p-element">p</a></code>).</p>
7442:
7443: <p>The <var title="">last node</var> gets appended (moved) to the
7444: <var title="">common ancestor</var>, so that the DOM looks like:</p>
7445:
1.159 mike 7446: <ul class="domTree"><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element-0">html</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-head-element-0">head</a></code></li><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-body-element-0">body</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-b-element">b</a></code><ul><li class="t3"><code>#text</code>: <span title="">1</span></li></ul></li><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-p-element">p</a></code><ul><li class="t3"><code>#text</code>: <span title="">2</span></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul><p>A new <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-b-element">b</a></code> element is created, and the children of the
1.1 mike 7447: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-p-element">p</a></code> element are moved to it:</p>
7448:
1.159 mike 7449: <ul class="domTree"><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element-0">html</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-head-element-0">head</a></code></li><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-body-element-0">body</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-b-element">b</a></code><ul><li class="t3"><code>#text</code>: <span title="">1</span></li></ul></li><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-p-element">p</a></code></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul><ul class="domTree"><li class="t1"><code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-b-element">b</a></code><ul><li class="t3"><code>#text</code>: <span title="">2</span></li></ul></li></ul><p>Finally, the new <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-b-element">b</a></code> element is appended to the
1.1 mike 7450: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-p-element">p</a></code> element, so that the DOM looks like:</p>
7451:
1.159 mike 7452: <ul class="domTree"><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element-0">html</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-head-element-0">head</a></code></li><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-body-element-0">body</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-b-element">b</a></code><ul><li class="t3"><code>#text</code>: <span title="">1</span></li></ul></li><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-p-element">p</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-b-element">b</a></code><ul><li class="t3"><code>#text</code>: <span title="">2</span></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul><p>The <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-b-element">b</a></code> element is removed from the <a href="#list-of-active-formatting-elements">list of
1.1 mike 7453: active formatting elements</a> and the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open
7454: elements</a>, so that when the "3" is parsed, it is appended to
7455: the <code><a href="semantics.html#the-p-element">p</a></code> element:</p>
7456:
1.159 mike 7457: <ul class="domTree"><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element-0">html</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-head-element-0">head</a></code></li><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-body-element-0">body</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-b-element">b</a></code><ul><li class="t3"><code>#text</code>: <span title="">1</span></li></ul></li><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-p-element">p</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-b-element">b</a></code><ul><li class="t3"><code>#text</code>: <span title="">2</span></li></ul></li><li class="t3"><code>#text</code>: <span title="">3</span></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul><h5 id="unexpected-markup-in-tables"><span class="secno">9.2.8.3 </span>Unexpected markup in tables</h5>
1.1 mike 7458:
7459: <p><i>This section is non-normative.</i></p>
7460:
7461: <p>Error handling in tables is, for historical reasons, especially
7462: strange. For example, consider the following markup:</p>
7463:
7464: <pre><table><strong><b></strong><tr><td>aaa</td></tr><strong>bbb</strong></table>ccc</pre>
7465:
7466: <p>The highlighted <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-b-element">b</a></code> element start tag is not allowed
7467: directly inside a table like that, and the parser handles this case
7468: by placing the element <em>before</em> the table. (This is called <i title="foster parent"><a href="#foster-parent">foster parenting</a></i>.) This can be seen by
7469: examining the DOM tree as it stands just after the
7470: <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-table-element">table</a></code> element's start tag has been seen:</p>
7471:
1.159 mike 7472: <ul class="domTree"><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element-0">html</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-head-element-0">head</a></code></li><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-body-element-0">body</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-table-element">table</a></code></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul><p>...and then immediately after the <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-b-element">b</a></code> element start
1.1 mike 7473: tag has been seen:</p>
7474:
1.159 mike 7475: <ul class="domTree"><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element-0">html</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-head-element-0">head</a></code></li><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-body-element-0">body</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-b-element">b</a></code></li><li class="t1"><code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-table-element">table</a></code></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul><p>At this point, the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> has on it
7476: the elements <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element-0">html</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-body-element-0">body</a></code>,
1.1 mike 7477: <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-table-element">table</a></code>, and <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-b-element">b</a></code> (in that order, despite the
7478: resulting DOM tree); the <a href="#list-of-active-formatting-elements">list of active formatting
7479: elements</a> just has the <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-b-element">b</a></code> element in it; and the
7480: <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> is "<a href="#parsing-main-intable" title="insertion mode: in
7481: table">in table</a>".</p>
7482:
7483: <p>The <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tr-element">tr</a></code> start tag causes the <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-b-element">b</a></code> element
7484: to be popped off the stack and a <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tbody-element">tbody</a></code> start tag to be
7485: implied; the <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tbody-element">tbody</a></code> and <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tr-element">tr</a></code> elements are
7486: then handled in a rather straight-forward manner, taking the parser
7487: through the "<a href="#parsing-main-intbody" title="insertion mode: in table body">in table
7488: body</a>" and "<a href="#parsing-main-intr" title="insertion mode: in row">in
7489: row</a>" insertion modes, after which the DOM looks as
7490: follows:</p>
7491:
1.159 mike 7492: <ul class="domTree"><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element-0">html</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-head-element-0">head</a></code></li><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-body-element-0">body</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-b-element">b</a></code></li><li class="t1"><code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-table-element">table</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tbody-element">tbody</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tr-element">tr</a></code></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul><p>Here, the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> has on it the
7493: elements <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element-0">html</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-body-element-0">body</a></code>, <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-table-element">table</a></code>,
1.1 mike 7494: <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tbody-element">tbody</a></code>, and <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tr-element">tr</a></code>; the <a href="#list-of-active-formatting-elements">list of active
7495: formatting elements</a> still has the <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-b-element">b</a></code> element in
7496: it; and the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> is "<a href="#parsing-main-intr" title="insertion
7497: mode: in row">in row</a>".</p>
7498:
7499: <p>The <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-td-element">td</a></code> element start tag token, after putting a
7500: <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-td-element">td</a></code> element on the tree, puts a marker on the <a href="#list-of-active-formatting-elements">list
7501: of active formatting elements</a> (it also switches to the "<a href="#parsing-main-intd" title="insertion mode: in cell">in cell</a>" <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion
7502: mode</a>).</p>
7503:
1.159 mike 7504: <ul class="domTree"><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element-0">html</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-head-element-0">head</a></code></li><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-body-element-0">body</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-b-element">b</a></code></li><li class="t1"><code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-table-element">table</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tbody-element">tbody</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tr-element">tr</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-td-element">td</a></code></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul><p>The marker means that when the "aaa" character tokens are seen,
1.1 mike 7505: no <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-b-element">b</a></code> element is created to hold the resulting text
7506: node:</p>
7507:
1.159 mike 7508: <ul class="domTree"><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element-0">html</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-head-element-0">head</a></code></li><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-body-element-0">body</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-b-element">b</a></code></li><li class="t1"><code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-table-element">table</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tbody-element">tbody</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tr-element">tr</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-td-element">td</a></code><ul><li class="t3"><code>#text</code>: <span title="">aaa</span></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul><p>The end tags are handled in a straight-forward manner; after
1.1 mike 7509: handling them, the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> has on it the
1.159 mike 7510: elements <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element-0">html</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-body-element-0">body</a></code>, <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-table-element">table</a></code>,
1.1 mike 7511: and <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tbody-element">tbody</a></code>; the <a href="#list-of-active-formatting-elements">list of active formatting
7512: elements</a> still has the <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-b-element">b</a></code> element in it (the
7513: marker having been removed by the "td" end tag token); and the
7514: <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> is "<a href="#parsing-main-intbody" title="insertion mode: in
7515: table body">in table body</a>".</p>
7516:
7517: <p>Thus it is that the "bbb" character tokens are found. These
7518: trigger the "<a href="#parsing-main-intabletext" title="insertion mode: in table text">in table
7519: text</a>" insertion mode to be used (with the <a href="#original-insertion-mode">original
7520: insertion mode</a> set to "<a href="#parsing-main-intbody" title="insertion mode: in table
7521: body">in table body</a>"). The character tokens are collected,
7522: and when the next token (the <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-table-element">table</a></code> element end tag) is
7523: seen, they are processed as a group. Since they are not all spaces,
7524: they are handled as per the "anything else" rules in the "<a href="#parsing-main-intable" title="insertion mode: in table">in table</a>" insertion mode,
7525: which defer to the "<a href="#parsing-main-inbody" title="insertion mode: in body">in
7526: body</a>" insertion mode but with <a href="#foster-parent" title="foster
7527: parent">foster parenting</a>.</p>
7528:
7529: <p>When <a href="#reconstruct-the-active-formatting-elements" title="reconstruct the active formatting elements">the
7530: active formatting elements are reconstructed</a>, a
7531: <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-b-element">b</a></code> element is created and <a href="#foster-parent" title="foster
7532: parent">foster parented</a>, and then the "bbb" text node is
7533: appended to it:</p>
7534:
1.159 mike 7535: <ul class="domTree"><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element-0">html</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-head-element-0">head</a></code></li><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-body-element-0">body</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-b-element">b</a></code></li><li class="t1"><code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-b-element">b</a></code><ul><li class="t3"><code>#text</code>: <span title="">bbb</span></li></ul></li><li class="t1"><code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-table-element">table</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tbody-element">tbody</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tr-element">tr</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-td-element">td</a></code><ul><li class="t3"><code>#text</code>: <span title="">aaa</span></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul><p>The <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> has on it the elements
7536: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element-0">html</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-body-element-0">body</a></code>, <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-table-element">table</a></code>,
1.1 mike 7537: <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tbody-element">tbody</a></code>, and the new <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-b-element">b</a></code> (again, note that
7538: this doesn't match the resulting tree!); the <a href="#list-of-active-formatting-elements">list of active
7539: formatting elements</a> has the new <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-b-element">b</a></code> element in it;
7540: and the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> is still "<a href="#parsing-main-intbody" title="insertion
7541: mode: in table body">in table body</a>".</p>
7542:
7543: <p>Had the character tokens been only <a href="infrastructure.html#space-character" title="space
7544: character">space characters</a> instead of "bbb", then those
7545: <a href="infrastructure.html#space-character" title="space character">space characters</a> would just be
7546: appended to the <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tbody-element">tbody</a></code> element.</p>
7547:
7548: <p>Finally, the <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-table-element">table</a></code> is closed by a "table" end
7549: tag. This pops all the nodes from the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open
7550: elements</a> up to and including the <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-table-element">table</a></code> element,
7551: but it doesn't affect the <a href="#list-of-active-formatting-elements">list of active formatting
7552: elements</a>, so the "ccc" character tokens after the table
7553: result in yet another <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-b-element">b</a></code> element being created, this
7554: time after the table:</p>
7555:
1.159 mike 7556: <ul class="domTree"><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element-0">html</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-head-element-0">head</a></code></li><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-body-element-0">body</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-b-element">b</a></code></li><li class="t1"><code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-b-element">b</a></code><ul><li class="t3"><code>#text</code>: <span title="">bbb</span></li></ul></li><li class="t1"><code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-table-element">table</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tbody-element">tbody</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tr-element">tr</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-td-element">td</a></code><ul><li class="t3"><code>#text</code>: <span title="">aaa</span></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li><li class="t1"><code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-b-element">b</a></code><ul><li class="t3"><code>#text</code>: <span title="">ccc</span></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul><h5 id="scripts-that-modify-the-page-as-it-is-being-parsed"><span class="secno">9.2.8.4 </span>Scripts that modify the page as it is being parsed</h5>
1.1 mike 7557:
7558: <p><i>This section is non-normative.</i></p>
7559:
7560: <p>Consider the following markup, which for this example we will
7561: assume is the document with <a href="infrastructure.html#url">URL</a> <code title="">http://example.com/inner</code>, being rendered as the
1.159 mike 7562: content of an <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-iframe-element">iframe</a></code> in another document with the
1.1 mike 7563: <a href="infrastructure.html#url">URL</a> <code title="">http://example.com/outer</code>:</p>
7564:
7565: <pre><div id=a>
7566: <script>
7567: var div = document.getElementById('a');
7568: parent.document.body.appendChild(div);
7569: </script>
7570: <script>
7571: alert(document.URL);
7572: </script>
7573: </div>
7574: <script>
7575: alert(document.URL);
7576: </script></pre>
7577:
7578: <p>Up to the first "script" end tag, before the script is parsed,
7579: the result is relatively straightforward:</p>
7580:
1.306 mike 7581: <ul class="domTree"><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element-0">html</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-head-element-0">head</a></code></li><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-body-element-0">body</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-div-element">div</a></code> <span class="t2" title=""><code class="attribute name">id</code>="<code class="attribute value"><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-a-element">a</a></code>"</span><ul><li class="t3"><code>#text</code>: <span title="">
7582: </span></li><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#script">script</a></code><ul><li class="t3"><code>#text</code>: <span title="">var div = document.getElementById('a'); ⏎ parent.document.body.appendChild(div);</span></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul><p>After the script is parsed, though, the <code><a href="semantics.html#the-div-element">div</a></code> element
1.1 mike 7583: and its child <code><a href="semantics.html#script">script</a></code> element are gone:</p>
7584:
1.159 mike 7585: <ul class="domTree"><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element-0">html</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-head-element-0">head</a></code></li><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-body-element-0">body</a></code></li></ul></li></ul><p>They are, at this point, in the <code>Document</code> of the
1.1 mike 7586: aforementioned outer <a href="browsers.html#browsing-context">browsing context</a>. However, the
7587: <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> <em>still contains the
1.306 mike 7588: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-div-element">div</a></code> element</em>.</p>
1.1 mike 7589:
7590: <p>Thus, when the second <code><a href="semantics.html#script">script</a></code> element is parsed, it
7591: is inserted <em>into the outer <code>Document</code>
7592: object</em>.</p>
7593:
7594: <p>This also means that the <a href="browsers.html#script-s-global-object">script's global object</a> is
7595: the outer <a href="browsers.html#browsing-context">browsing context</a>'s <code><a href="browsers.html#window">Window</a></code>
7596: object, <em>not</em> the <code><a href="browsers.html#window">Window</a></code> object inside the
1.159 mike 7597: <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-iframe-element">iframe</a></code>.</p>
1.1 mike 7598:
7599: <p class="note">This isn't a security problem since the script that
1.306 mike 7600: moves the <code><a href="semantics.html#the-div-element">div</a></code> into the outer <code>Document</code> can
1.1 mike 7601: only do so because they have the two <code>Document</code> object
1.159 mike 7602: have the same <a href="browsers.html#origin">origin</a>.</p>
1.1 mike 7603:
7604: <p>Thus, the first alert says "http://example.com/outer".</p>
7605:
1.306 mike 7606: <p>Once the <code><a href="semantics.html#the-div-element">div</a></code> element's end tag is parsed, the
7607: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-div-element">div</a></code> element is popped off the stack, and so the next
1.1 mike 7608: <code><a href="semantics.html#script">script</a></code> element is in the inner <code>Document</code>:</p>
7609:
1.159 mike 7610: <ul class="domTree"><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element-0">html</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-head-element-0">head</a></code></li><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-body-element-0">body</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#script">script</a></code><ul><li class="t3"><code>#text</code>: <span title="">alert(document.URL);</span></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul><p>This second alert will say "http://example.com/inner".</p>
1.1 mike 7611:
7612:
7613:
1.215 mike 7614: <h3 id="namespaces"><span class="secno">9.3 </span>Namespaces</h3>
1.1 mike 7615:
7616: <p>The <dfn id="html-namespace-0">HTML namespace</dfn> is: <code>http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml</code></p>
7617:
7618: <p>The <dfn id="mathml-namespace">MathML namespace</dfn> is: <code>http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML</code></p>
7619:
7620: <p>The <dfn id="svg-namespace">SVG namespace</dfn> is: <code>http://www.w3.org/2000/svg</code></p>
7621:
7622: <p>The <dfn id="xlink-namespace">XLink namespace</dfn> is: <code>http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink</code></p>
7623:
7624: <p>The <dfn id="xml-namespace">XML namespace</dfn> is: <code>http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace</code></p>
7625:
7626: <p>The <dfn id="xmlns-namespace">XMLNS namespace</dfn> is: <code>http://www.w3.org/2000/xmlns/</code></p>
7627:
7628: <hr><p>Data mining tools and other user agents that perform operations
1.83 mike 7629: on <code><a href="iana-considerations.html#text-html">text/html</a></code> content without running scripts,
1.1 mike 7630: evaluating CSS or XPath expressions, or otherwise exposing the
7631: resulting DOM to arbitrary content, may "support namespaces" by just
7632: asserting that their DOM node analogues are in certain namespaces,
7633: without actually exposing the above strings.</p>
7634:
7635:
7636:
7637:
7638: <h3 id="serializing-html-fragments"><span class="secno">9.4 </span>Serializing HTML fragments</h3>
7639:
7640: <p>The following steps form the <dfn id="html-fragment-serialization-algorithm">HTML fragment serialization
7641: algorithm</dfn>. The algorithm takes as input a DOM
7642: <code>Element</code> or <code>Document</code>, referred to as <var title="">the node</var>, and either returns a string or raises an
7643: exception.</p>
7644:
7645: <p class="note">This algorithm serializes the <em>children</em> of
7646: the node being serialized, not the node itself.</p>
7647:
7648: <ol><li><p>Let <var title="">s</var> be a string, and initialize it to
7649: the empty string.</p></li>
7650:
7651: <li>
7652:
7653: <p>For each child node of <var title="">the node</var>, in
7654: <a href="infrastructure.html#tree-order">tree order</a>, run the following steps:
7655:
7656: </p><ol><li><p>Let <var title="">current node</var> be the child node
7657: being processed.</p></li>
7658:
7659: <li>
7660:
7661: <p>Append the appropriate string from the following list to
7662: <var title="">s</var>:</p>
7663:
7664: <dl class="switch"><dt>If <var title="">current node</var> is an <code title="">Element</code></dt>
7665:
7666: <dd>
7667:
7668: <p>Append a U+003C LESS-THAN SIGN (<code title=""><</code>)
7669: character, followed by the element's tag name. (For nodes
7670: created by the <a href="#html-parser">HTML parser</a> or <code title="">Document.createElement()</code>, the tag name will be
7671: lowercase.)</p>
7672:
7673: <p>For each attribute that the element has, append a U+0020
7674: SPACE character, the attribute's name (which, for attributes
7675: set by the <a href="#html-parser">HTML parser</a> or by <code title="">Element.setAttributeNode()</code> or <code title="">Element.setAttribute()</code>, will be lowercase), a
7676: U+003D EQUALS SIGN (<code title="">=</code>) character, a
7677: U+0022 QUOTATION MARK (<code title="">"</code>)
7678: character, the attribute's value, <a href="#escapingString" title="escaping a
7679: string">escaped as described below</a> in <i>attribute
7680: mode</i>, and a second U+0022 QUOTATION MARK (<code title="">"</code>) character.</p>
7681:
7682: <p>While the exact order of attributes is UA-defined, and may
7683: depend on factors such as the order that the attributes were
7684: given in the original markup, the sort order must be stable,
7685: such that consecutive invocations of this algorithm serialize an
7686: element's attributes in the same order.</p>
7687:
7688: <p>Append a U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN (<code title="">></code>)
7689: character.</p>
7690:
7691: <p>If <var title="">current node</var> is an
1.5 mike 7692: <code><a href="the-canvas-element.html#the-area-element">area</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-base-element">base</a></code>, <code><a href="obsolete.html#basefont">basefont</a></code>,
1.1 mike 7693: <code>bgsound</code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-br-element">br</a></code>, <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-col-element">col</a></code>,
1.159 mike 7694: <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-embed-element">embed</a></code>, <code><a href="obsolete.html#frame">frame</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-hr-element">hr</a></code>,
7695: <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-img-element">img</a></code>, <code><a href="forms.html#the-input-element">input</a></code>, <code><a href="forms.html#the-keygen-element">keygen</a></code>,
7696: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-link-element">link</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#meta">meta</a></code>, <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-param-element">param</a></code>,
1.5 mike 7697: <code><a href="obsolete.html#spacer">spacer</a></code>, or <code>wbr</code> element, then
1.1 mike 7698: continue on to the next child node at this point.</p> <!--
7699: also, i guess: image and isindex, but we don't list those
7700: because we don't consider those "elements", more "macros", and
7701: thus we should never serialize them -->
7702:
7703: <p>If <var title="">current node</var> is a <code><a href="semantics.html#the-pre-element">pre</a></code>,
1.42 mike 7704: <code><a href="forms.html#the-textarea-element">textarea</a></code>, or <code><a href="obsolete.html#listing">listing</a></code> element, append
1.1 mike 7705: a U+000A LINE FEED (LF) character.</p>
7706:
7707: <p>Append the value of running the <a href="#html-fragment-serialization-algorithm">HTML fragment
7708: serialization algorithm</a> on the <var title="">current
7709: node</var> element (thus recursing into this algorithm for
7710: that element), followed by a U+003C LESS-THAN SIGN (<code title=""><</code>) character, a U+002F SOLIDUS (<code title="">/</code>) character, the element's tag name again,
7711: and finally a U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN (<code title="">></code>) character.</p>
7712:
7713: </dd>
7714:
7715:
7716: <dt>If <var title="">current node</var> is a <code title="">Text</code> or <code title="">CDATASection</code>
7717: node</dt>
7718:
7719: <dd>
7720:
1.19 mike 7721: <p>If the parent of <var title="">current node</var> is a
1.42 mike 7722: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-style-element">style</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#script">script</a></code>, <code><a href="obsolete.html#xmp">xmp</a></code>,
1.159 mike 7723: <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-iframe-element">iframe</a></code>, <code><a href="obsolete.html#noembed">noembed</a></code>,
1.222 mike 7724: <code><a href="obsolete.html#noframes">noframes</a></code>, or <code><a href="obsolete.html#plaintext">plaintext</a></code> element, or
7725: if the parent of <var title="">current node</var> is
7726: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-noscript-element">noscript</a></code> element and <a href="browsers.html#concept-n-script" title="concept-n-script">scripting is enabled</a> for the
7727: node, then append the value of <var title="">current
7728: node</var>'s <code title="">data</code> IDL attribute
7729: literally.</p>
1.1 mike 7730:
7731: <p>Otherwise, append the value of <var title="">current
1.192 mike 7732: node</var>'s <code title="">data</code> IDL attribute, <a href="#escapingString" title="escaping a string">escaped as described
1.1 mike 7733: below</a>.</p>
7734:
7735: </dd>
7736:
7737:
7738: <dt>If <var title="">current node</var> is a <code title="">Comment</code></dt>
7739:
7740: <dd>
7741:
7742: <p>Append the literal string <code><!--</code> (U+003C
7743: LESS-THAN SIGN, U+0021 EXCLAMATION MARK, U+002D HYPHEN-MINUS,
1.192 mike 7744: U+002D HYPHEN-MINUS), followed by the value of <var title="">current node</var>'s <code title="">data</code> IDL
1.1 mike 7745: attribute, followed by the literal string <code>--></code>
7746: (U+002D HYPHEN-MINUS, U+002D HYPHEN-MINUS, U+003E GREATER-THAN
7747: SIGN).</p>
7748:
7749: </dd>
7750:
7751:
7752: <dt>If <var title="">current node</var> is a <code title="">ProcessingInstruction</code></dt>
7753:
7754: <dd>
7755:
7756: <p>Append the literal string <code><?</code> (U+003C
7757: LESS-THAN SIGN, U+003F QUESTION MARK), followed by the value
1.192 mike 7758: of <var title="">current node</var>'s <code title="">target</code> IDL attribute, followed by a single
7759: U+0020 SPACE character, followed by the value of <var title="">current node</var>'s <code title="">data</code> IDL
1.1 mike 7760: attribute, followed by a single U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN
1.464 mike 7761: character (>).</p>
1.1 mike 7762:
7763: </dd>
7764:
7765:
7766: <dt>If <var title="">current node</var> is a <code title="">DocumentType</code></dt>
7767:
7768: <dd>
7769:
7770: <p>Append the literal string <code><!DOCTYPE</code> (U+003C
7771: LESS-THAN SIGN, U+0021 EXCLAMATION MARK, U+0044 LATIN CAPITAL
7772: LETTER D, U+004F LATIN CAPITAL LETTER O, U+0043 LATIN CAPITAL
7773: LETTER C, U+0054 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER T, U+0059 LATIN CAPITAL
7774: LETTER Y, U+0050 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER P, U+0045 LATIN CAPITAL
7775: LETTER E), followed by a space (U+0020 SPACE), followed by the
1.192 mike 7776: value of <var title="">current node</var>'s <code title="">name</code> IDL attribute, followed by the literal
1.1 mike 7777: string <code>></code> (U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN).</p>
7778:
7779: </dd>
7780:
7781:
7782: </dl><p>Other node types (e.g. <code title="">Attr</code>) cannot
7783: occur as children of elements. If, despite this, they somehow do
7784: occur, this algorithm must raise an
7785: <code><a href="infrastructure.html#invalid_state_err">INVALID_STATE_ERR</a></code> exception.</p>
7786:
7787: </li>
7788:
7789: </ol></li>
7790:
7791: <li><p>The result of the algorithm is the string <var title="">s</var>.</p></li>
7792:
7793: </ol><p><dfn id="escapingString">Escaping a string</dfn> (for the
7794: purposes of the algorithm above) consists of replacing any
7795: occurrences of the "<code title="">&</code>" character by the
7796: string "<code title="">&amp;</code>", any occurrences of the
7797: U+00A0 NO-BREAK SPACE character by the string "<code title="">&nbsp;</code>", and, if the algorithm was invoked in
7798: the <i>attribute mode</i>, any occurrences of the "<code title="">"</code>" character by the string "<code title="">&quot;</code>", or if it was not, any occurrences of
7799: the "<code title=""><</code>" character by the string "<code title="">&lt;</code>", any occurrences of the "<code title="">></code>" character by the string "<code title="">&gt;</code>".</p>
7800:
7801: <p class="note">Entity reference nodes are <a href="infrastructure.html#entity-references">assumed to be expanded</a> by the user
7802: agent, and are therefore not covered in the algorithm above.</p>
7803:
7804: <p class="note">It is possible that the output of this algorithm, if
7805: parsed with an <a href="#html-parser">HTML parser</a>, will not return the
7806: original tree structure. For instance, if a <code><a href="forms.html#the-textarea-element">textarea</a></code>
7807: element to which a <code title="">Comment</code> node has been
7808: appended is serialized and the output is then reparsed, the comment
7809: will end up being displayed in the text field. Similarly, if, as a
7810: result of DOM manipulation, an element contains a comment that
7811: contains the literal string "<code title="">--></code>", then
7812: when the result of serializing the element is parsed, the comment
7813: will be truncated at that point and the rest of the comment will be
7814: interpreted as markup. More examples would be making a
7815: <code><a href="semantics.html#script">script</a></code> element contain a text node with the text string
7816: "<code></script></code>", or having a <code><a href="semantics.html#the-p-element">p</a></code> element that
7817: contains a <code><a href="semantics.html#the-ul-element">ul</a></code> element (as the <code><a href="semantics.html#the-ul-element">ul</a></code> element's
7818: <a href="#syntax-start-tag" title="syntax-start-tag">start tag</a> would imply the end
7819: tag for the <code><a href="semantics.html#the-p-element">p</a></code>).</p>
7820:
7821:
7822: <h3 id="parsing-html-fragments"><span class="secno">9.5 </span>Parsing HTML fragments</h3>
7823:
7824: <p>The following steps form the <dfn id="html-fragment-parsing-algorithm">HTML fragment parsing
7825: algorithm</dfn>. The algorithm optionally takes as input an
7826: <code>Element</code> node, referred to as the <var title="">context</var> element, which gives the context for the
7827: parser, as well as <var title="">input</var>, a string to parse, and
7828: returns a list of zero or more nodes.</p>
7829:
7830: <p class="note">Parts marked <dfn id="fragment-case">fragment case</dfn> in algorithms
7831: in the parser section are parts that only occur if the parser was
7832: created for the purposes of this algorithm (and with a <var title="">context</var> element). The algorithms have been annotated
7833: with such markings for informational purposes only; such markings
7834: have no normative weight. If it is possible for a condition
7835: described as a <a href="#fragment-case">fragment case</a> to occur even when the
7836: parser wasn't created for the purposes of handling this algorithm,
7837: then that is an error in the specification.</p>
7838:
7839: <ol><li>
7840:
7841: <p>Create a new <code>Document</code> node, and mark it as being
7842: an <a href="dom.html#html-documents" title="HTML documents">HTML document</a>.</p>
7843:
7844: </li>
7845:
7846: <li>
7847:
7848: <p>If there is a <var title="">context</var> element, and the
7849: <code>Document</code> of the <var title="">context</var> element
7850: is in <a href="dom.html#quirks-mode">quirks mode</a>, then let the <code>Document</code>
7851: be in <a href="dom.html#quirks-mode">quirks mode</a>. Otherwise, if there is a <var title="">context</var> element, and the <code>Document</code> of
7852: the <var title="">context</var> element is in <a href="dom.html#limited-quirks-mode">limited quirks
7853: mode</a>, then let the <code>Document</code> be in
7854: <a href="dom.html#limited-quirks-mode">limited quirks mode</a>. Otherwise, leave the
7855: <code>Document</code> in <a href="dom.html#no-quirks-mode">no quirks mode</a>.</p>
7856:
7857: </li>
7858:
7859: <li>
7860:
7861: <p>Create a new <a href="#html-parser">HTML parser</a>, and associate it with
7862: the just created <code>Document</code> node.</p>
7863:
7864: </li>
7865:
7866: <li>
7867:
7868: <p>If there is a <var title="">context</var> element, run these
7869: substeps:</p>
7870:
7871: <ol><li>
7872:
7873: <p>Set the <a href="#html-parser">HTML parser</a>'s <a href="#tokenization">tokenization</a>
7874: stage's <a href="#content-model-flag">content model flag</a> according to the <var title="">context</var> element, as follows:</p>
7875:
1.159 mike 7876: <dl class="switch"><dt>If it is a <code><a href="semantics.html#the-title-element-0">title</a></code> or <code><a href="forms.html#the-textarea-element">textarea</a></code>
1.1 mike 7877: element</dt>
7878:
7879: <dd>Set the <a href="#content-model-flag">content model flag</a> to
7880: the RCDATA state.</dd>
7881:
7882:
7883: <dt>If it is a <code><a href="semantics.html#the-style-element">style</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#script">script</a></code>,
1.159 mike 7884: <code><a href="obsolete.html#xmp">xmp</a></code>, <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-iframe-element">iframe</a></code>, <code><a href="obsolete.html#noembed">noembed</a></code>, or
1.5 mike 7885: <code><a href="obsolete.html#noframes">noframes</a></code> element</dt>
1.1 mike 7886:
7887: <dd>Set the <a href="#content-model-flag">content model flag</a> to
1.91 mike 7888: the RAWTEXT state.</dd>
1.1 mike 7889:
7890:
7891: <dt>If it is a <code><a href="semantics.html#the-noscript-element">noscript</a></code> element</dt>
7892:
7893: <dd>If the <a href="#scripting-flag">scripting flag</a> is enabled, set the
1.91 mike 7894: <a href="#content-model-flag">content model flag</a> to the RAWTEXT
1.1 mike 7895: state. Otherwise, set the <a href="#content-model-flag">content model flag</a> to the
7896: PCDATA state.</dd>
7897:
7898:
1.42 mike 7899: <dt>If it is a <code><a href="obsolete.html#plaintext">plaintext</a></code> element</dt>
1.1 mike 7900:
7901: <dd>Set the <a href="#content-model-flag">content model flag</a> to
7902: PLAINTEXT.</dd>
7903:
7904:
7905: <dt>Otherwise</dt>
7906:
7907: <dd>Leave the <a href="#content-model-flag">content model flag</a> in the PCDATA
7908: state.</dd>
7909:
7910: </dl></li>
7911:
7912: <li>
7913:
1.159 mike 7914: <p>Let <var title="">root</var> be a new <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element-0">html</a></code> element
1.1 mike 7915: with no attributes.</p>
7916:
7917: </li>
7918:
7919: <li>
7920:
7921: <p>Append the element <var title="">root</var> to the
7922: <code>Document</code> node created above.</p>
7923:
7924: </li>
7925:
7926: <li>
7927:
7928: <p>Set up the parser's <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> so that
7929: it contains just the single element <var title="">root</var>.</p>
7930:
7931: </li>
7932:
7933: <li>
7934:
7935: <p><a href="#reset-the-insertion-mode-appropriately" title="reset the insertion mode appropriately">Reset the
7936: parser's insertion mode appropriately</a>.</p>
7937:
7938: <p class="note">The parser will reference the <var title="">context</var> element as part of that algorithm.</p>
7939:
7940: </li>
7941:
7942: <li>
7943:
7944: <p>Set the parser's <a href="#form-element-pointer"><code>form</code> element pointer</a>
7945: to the nearest node to the <var title="">context</var> element
7946: that is a <code><a href="forms.html#the-form-element">form</a></code> element (going straight up the
7947: ancestor chain, and including the element itself, if it is a
7948: <code><a href="forms.html#the-form-element">form</a></code> element), or, if there is no such
7949: <code><a href="forms.html#the-form-element">form</a></code> element, to null.</p>
7950:
7951: </li>
7952:
7953: </ol></li>
7954:
7955: <li>
7956:
7957: <p>Place into the <a href="#the-input-stream">input stream</a> for the <a href="#html-parser">HTML
7958: parser</a> just created the <var title="">input</var>. The
7959: encoding <a href="#concept-encoding-confidence" title="concept-encoding-confidence">confidence</a> is
7960: <i>irrelevant</i>.</p>
7961:
7962: </li>
7963:
7964: <li>
7965:
7966: <p>Start the parser and let it run until it has consumed all the
7967: characters just inserted into the input stream.</p>
7968:
7969: </li>
7970:
7971: <li>
7972:
7973: <p>If there is a <var title="">context</var> element, return the
7974: child nodes of <var title="">root</var>, in <a href="infrastructure.html#tree-order">tree
7975: order</a>.</p>
7976:
7977: <p>Otherwise, return the children of the <code>Document</code>
7978: object, in <a href="infrastructure.html#tree-order">tree order</a>.</p>
7979:
7980: </li>
7981:
1.123 mike 7982: </ol></div></body></html>
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