Annotation of html5/spec/syntax.html, revision 1.596
1.2 mike 1: <!DOCTYPE HTML>
1.258 mike 2: <!-- when publishing, change bits marked ZZZ --><html lang="en-US-x-Hixie"><head><title>9 The HTML syntax — HTML 5</title><style type="text/css">
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1.1 mike 144:
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1.267 mike 169: </style><style type="text/css">
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213:
1.235 mike 214: </style><link href="data:text/css," rel="stylesheet" title="Complete specification"><link href="data:text/css,.impl%20%7B%20display:%20none;%20%7D" rel="alternate stylesheet" title="Author documentation only"><link href="data:text/css,.impl%20%7B%20background:%20%23FFEEEE;%20%7D" rel="alternate stylesheet" title="Highlight implementation requirements"><link href="http://www.w3.org/StyleSheets/TR/W3C-ED" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css"><!-- ZZZ ED vs WD -->
1.2 mike 215: <script src="link-fixup.js"></script>
216: <link href="comms.html" title="8 Communication" rel="prev">
217: <link href="spec.html#contents" title="Table of contents" rel="index">
1.1 mike 218: <link href="named-character-references.html" title="9.6 Named character references" rel="next">
1.16 mike 219: </head><body onload="fixBrokenLink(); fixBrokenLink()"><div class="head">
1.1 mike 220: <p><a href="http://www.w3.org/"><img alt="W3C" height="48" src="http://www.w3.org/Icons/w3c_home" width="72"></a></p>
1.183 mike 221: <h1>HTML5</h1>
1.1 mike 222: <h2 class="no-num no-toc" id="a-vocabulary-and-associated-apis-for-html-and-xhtml">A vocabulary and associated APIs for HTML and XHTML</h2>
1.123 mike 223: </div><nav>
1.1 mike 224: <a href="comms.html">← 8 Communication</a> –
1.2 mike 225: <a href="spec.html#contents">Table of contents</a> –
1.1 mike 226: <a href="named-character-references.html">9.6 Named character references →</a>
1.596 ! mike 227: </nav><p>This is revision 1.3418.</p>
1.11 mike 228:
1.1 mike 229:
1.123 mike 230: <h2 id="syntax"><span class="secno">9 </span><dfn>The HTML syntax</dfn></h2><p class="note">This section only describes the rules for
1.83 mike 231: <code><a href="iana-considerations.html#text-html">text/html</a></code> resources. Rules for XML resources are
1.1 mike 232: discussed in the section below entitled "<a href="the-xhtml-syntax.html#the-xhtml-syntax">The XHTML
1.159 mike 233: syntax</a>".</p><h3 id="writing"><span class="secno">9.1 </span>Writing HTML documents</h3><p class="XXX annotation"><b>Status: </b><i>Working draft</i></p><div class="impl">
1.1 mike 234:
235: <p><i>This section only applies to documents, authoring tools, and
236: markup generators. In particular, it does not apply to conformance
237: checkers; conformance checkers must use the requirements given in
238: the next section ("parsing HTML documents").</i></p>
239:
1.123 mike 240: </div><p>Documents must consist of the following parts, in the given
241: order:</p><ol><li>Optionally, a single U+FEFF BYTE ORDER MARK (BOM) character.</li>
1.1 mike 242:
243: <li>Any number of <a href="#syntax-comments" title="syntax-comments">comments</a> and
244: <a href="infrastructure.html#space-character" title="space character">space characters</a>.</li>
245:
246: <li>A <a href="#syntax-doctype" title="syntax-doctype">DOCTYPE</a>.
247:
248: </li><li>Any number of <a href="#syntax-comments" title="syntax-comments">comments</a> and
249: <a href="infrastructure.html#space-character" title="space character">space characters</a>.</li>
250:
1.159 mike 251: <li>The root element, in the form of an <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element-0">html</a></code> <a href="#syntax-elements" title="syntax-elements">element</a>.</li>
1.1 mike 252:
253: <li>Any number of <a href="#syntax-comments" title="syntax-comments">comments</a> and
254: <a href="infrastructure.html#space-character" title="space character">space characters</a>.</li>
255:
256: </ol><p>The various types of content mentioned above are described in the
1.123 mike 257: next few sections.</p><p>In addition, there are some restrictions on how <a href="semantics.html#character-encoding-declaration" title="character encoding declaration">character encoding
1.1 mike 258: declarations</a> are to be serialized, as discussed in the
1.123 mike 259: section on that topic.</p><div class="note">
1.1 mike 260:
1.159 mike 261: <p>Space characters before the root <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element-0">html</a></code> element, and
262: space characters at the start of the <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element-0">html</a></code> element and
263: before the <code><a href="semantics.html#the-head-element-0">head</a></code> element, will be dropped when the
1.1 mike 264: document is parsed; space characters <em>after</em> the root
1.159 mike 265: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element-0">html</a></code> element will be parsed as if they were at the end
266: of the <code><a href="semantics.html#the-body-element-0">body</a></code> element. Thus, space characters around the
1.1 mike 267: root element do not round-trip.</p>
268:
269: <p>It is suggested that newlines be inserted after the DOCTYPE,
270: after any comments that are before the root element, after the
1.159 mike 271: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element-0">html</a></code> element's start tag (if it is not <a href="#syntax-tag-omission" title="syntax-tag-omission">omitted</a>), and after any comments
272: that are inside the <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element-0">html</a></code> element but before the
273: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-head-element-0">head</a></code> element.</p>
1.1 mike 274:
1.123 mike 275: </div><p>Many strings in the HTML syntax (e.g. the names of elements and
1.1 mike 276: their attributes) are case-insensitive, but only for characters in
1.547 mike 277: the ranges U+0041 to U+005A (LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A to LATIN CAPITAL
278: LETTER Z) and U+0061 to U+007A (LATIN SMALL LETTER A to LATIN SMALL
1.1 mike 279: LETTER Z). For convenience, in this section this is just referred to
1.168 mike 280: as "case-insensitive".</p><h4 id="the-doctype"><span class="secno">9.1.1 </span>The DOCTYPE</h4><p class="XXX annotation"><span><a href="http://www.w3.org/html/wg/tracker/issues/4">ISSUE-4</a> (html-versioning) blocks progress to Last Call</span></p><p>A <dfn id="syntax-doctype" title="syntax-doctype">DOCTYPE</dfn> is a mostly useless,
1.123 mike 281: but required, header.</p><p class="note">DOCTYPEs are required for legacy reasons. When
1.1 mike 282: omitted, browsers tend to use a different rendering mode that is
283: incompatible with some specifications. Including the DOCTYPE in a
284: document ensures that the browser makes a best-effort attempt at
1.123 mike 285: following the relevant specifications.</p><p>A DOCTYPE must consist of the following characters, in this
1.588 mike 286: order:</p><ol class="brief"><li>A U+003C LESS-THAN SIGN character (<).</li>
287: <li>A U+0021 EXCLAMATION MARK character (!).</li>
1.1 mike 288: <li>A string that is an <a href="infrastructure.html#ascii-case-insensitive">ASCII case-insensitive</a> match for the string "<code title="">DOCTYPE</code>".</li>
289: <li>One or more <a href="infrastructure.html#space-character" title="space character">space characters</a>.</li>
290: <li>A string that is an <a href="infrastructure.html#ascii-case-insensitive">ASCII case-insensitive</a> match for the string "<code title="">HTML</code>".</li>
291: <li>Optionally, a <a href="#doctype-legacy-string">DOCTYPE legacy string</a> (defined below).</li>
292: <li>Zero or more <a href="infrastructure.html#space-character" title="space character">space characters</a>.</li>
1.588 mike 293: <li>A U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN character (>).</li>
1.1 mike 294: </ol><p class="note">In other words, <code><!DOCTYPE HTML></code>,
1.123 mike 295: case-insensitively.</p><p>For the purposes of HTML generators that cannot output HTML
1.1 mike 296: markup with the short DOCTYPE "<code title=""><!DOCTYPE
297: HTML></code>", a <dfn id="doctype-legacy-string">DOCTYPE legacy string</dfn> may be inserted
298: into the DOCTYPE (in the position defined above). This string must
1.123 mike 299: consist of:</p><ol class="brief"><li>One or more <a href="infrastructure.html#space-character" title="space character">space characters</a>.</li>
1.1 mike 300: <li>A string that is an <a href="infrastructure.html#ascii-case-insensitive">ASCII case-insensitive</a> match for the string "<code title="">SYSTEM</code>".</li>
1.444 mike 301: <li>One or more <a href="infrastructure.html#space-character" title="space character">space characters</a>.</li>
1.1 mike 302: <li>A U+0022 QUOTATION MARK or U+0027 APOSTROPHE character (the <i>quote mark</i>).</li>
1.465 mike 303: <li>The literal string "<code><a href="infrastructure.html#about:legacy-compat">about:legacy-compat</a></code>".</li>
1.1 mike 304: <li>A matching U+0022 QUOTATION MARK or U+0027 APOSTROPHE character (i.e. the same character as in the earlier step marked <i>quote mark</i>).</li>
305: </ol><p class="note">In other words, <code><!DOCTYPE HTML SYSTEM
306: "about:legacy-compat"></code> or <code><!DOCTYPE HTML SYSTEM
307: 'about:legacy-compat'></code>, case-insensitively except for the bit
1.123 mike 308: in quotes.</p><p>The <a href="#doctype-legacy-string">DOCTYPE legacy string</a> should not be used unless
1.1 mike 309: the document is generated from a system that cannot output the
1.373 mike 310: shorter string.</p><h4 id="elements-0"><span class="secno">9.1.2 </span>Elements</h4><p>There are five different kinds of <dfn id="syntax-elements" title="syntax-elements">elements</dfn>: <a href="#void-elements">void elements</a>,
311: <a href="#raw-text-elements">raw text elements</a>, <a href="#rcdata-elements">RCDATA elements</a>,
312: <a href="#foreign-elements">foreign elements</a>, and <a href="#normal-elements">normal elements</a>.</p><dl><dt><dfn id="void-elements">Void elements</dfn></dt>
1.1 mike 313:
314: <dd><code><a href="the-canvas-element.html#the-area-element">area</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-base-element">base</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-br-element">br</a></code>,
1.159 mike 315: <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-col-element">col</a></code>, <code><a href="interactive-elements.html#the-command">command</a></code>, <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-embed-element">embed</a></code>,
316: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-hr-element">hr</a></code>, <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-img-element">img</a></code>, <code><a href="forms.html#the-input-element">input</a></code>,
1.1 mike 317: <code><a href="forms.html#the-keygen-element">keygen</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-link-element">link</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#meta">meta</a></code>,
1.159 mike 318: <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-param-element">param</a></code>, <code><a href="video.html#the-source-element">source</a></code></dd>
1.1 mike 319:
1.373 mike 320: <dt><dfn id="raw-text-elements">Raw text elements</dfn></dt>
1.1 mike 321:
322: <dd><code><a href="semantics.html#script">script</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-style-element">style</a></code></dd> <!-- iframe and
1.91 mike 323: noscript don't count as raw text for syntax purposes -->
1.1 mike 324:
1.373 mike 325: <dt><dfn id="rcdata-elements">RCDATA elements</dfn></dt>
1.1 mike 326:
1.159 mike 327: <dd><code><a href="forms.html#the-textarea-element">textarea</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-title-element-0">title</a></code></dd>
1.1 mike 328:
1.373 mike 329: <dt><dfn id="foreign-elements">Foreign elements</dfn></dt>
1.1 mike 330:
331: <dd>Elements from the <a href="#mathml-namespace">MathML namespace</a>
332: and the <a href="#svg-namespace">SVG namespace</a>.</dd>
333:
1.373 mike 334: <dt><dfn id="normal-elements">Normal elements</dfn></dt>
1.1 mike 335:
336: <dd>All other allowed <a href="infrastructure.html#html-elements">HTML elements</a> are normal
337: elements.</dd>
338:
339: </dl><p><dfn id="syntax-tags" title="syntax-tags">Tags</dfn> are used to delimit the start
1.373 mike 340: and end of elements in the markup. <a href="#raw-text-elements" title="raw text
341: elements">Raw text</a>, <a href="#rcdata-elements" title="RCDATA
342: elements">RCDATA</a>, and <a href="#normal-elements" title="normal
343: elements">normal</a> elements have a <a href="#syntax-start-tag" title="syntax-start-tag">start tag</a> to indicate where they
344: begin, and an <a href="#syntax-end-tag" title="syntax-end-tag">end tag</a> to
345: indicate where they end. The start and end tags of certain
346: <a href="#normal-elements">normal elements</a> can be <a href="#syntax-tag-omission" title="syntax-tag-omission">omitted</a>, as described
1.1 mike 347: later. Those that cannot be omitted must not be omitted. <a href="#void-elements">Void
348: elements</a> only have a start tag; end tags must not be
1.373 mike 349: specified for <a href="#void-elements">void elements</a>. <a href="#foreign-elements">Foreign
350: elements</a> must either have a start tag and an end tag, or a
351: start tag that is marked as self-closing, in which case they must
352: not have an end tag.</p><p>The contents of the element must be placed between just after the
1.1 mike 353: start tag (which <a href="#syntax-tag-omission" title="syntax-tag-omission">might be implied,
354: in certain cases</a>) and just before the end tag (which again,
355: <a href="#syntax-tag-omission" title="syntax-tag-omission">might be implied in certain
356: cases</a>). The exact allowed contents of each individual element
357: depends on the content model of that element, as described earlier
358: in this specification. Elements must not contain content that their
359: content model disallows. In addition to the restrictions placed on
360: the contents by those content models, however, the five types of
1.123 mike 361: elements have additional <em>syntactic</em> requirements.</p><p><a href="#void-elements">Void elements</a> can't have any contents (since there's
1.1 mike 362: no end tag, no content can be put between the start tag and the end
1.373 mike 363: tag).</p><p><a href="#raw-text-elements">Raw text elements</a> can have <a href="#syntax-text" title="syntax-text">text</a>, though it has <a href="#cdata-rcdata-restrictions">restrictions</a> described
364: below.</p><p><a href="#rcdata-elements">RCDATA elements</a> can have <a href="#syntax-text" title="syntax-text">text</a> and <a href="#syntax-charref" title="syntax-charref">character references</a>, but the text
365: must not contain an <a href="#syntax-ambiguous-ampersand" title="syntax-ambiguous-ampersand">ambiguous ampersand</a>.
1.1 mike 366: There are also <a href="#cdata-rcdata-restrictions">further
1.373 mike 367: restrictions</a> described below.</p><p><a href="#foreign-elements">Foreign elements</a> whose start tag is marked as
368: self-closing can't have any contents (since, again, as there's no
369: end tag, no content can be put between the start tag and the end
370: tag). <a href="#foreign-elements">Foreign elements</a> whose start tag is <em>not</em>
371: marked as self-closing can have <a href="#syntax-text" title="syntax-text">text</a>, <a href="#syntax-charref" title="syntax-charref">character references</a>, <a href="#syntax-cdata" title="syntax-cdata">CDATA sections</a>, other <a href="#syntax-elements" title="syntax-elements">elements</a>, and <a href="#syntax-comments" title="syntax-comments">comments</a>, but the text must not
1.588 mike 372: contain the character U+003C LESS-THAN SIGN (<) or an <a href="#syntax-ambiguous-ampersand" title="syntax-ambiguous-ampersand">ambiguous ampersand</a>.</p><div class="note">
1.374 mike 373:
374: <p>The HTML syntax does not support namespace
375: declarations, even in <a href="#foreign-elements">foreign elements</a>.</p>
376:
377: <p>For instance, consider the following HTML fragment:</p>
378:
379: <pre><p>
380: <svg>
381: <metadata>
382: <!-- this is invalid -->
383: <cdr:license xmlns:cdr="http://www.example.com/cdr/metadata" name="MIT"/>
384: </metadata>
385: </svg>
386: </p></pre>
387:
388: <p>The innermost element, <code title="">cdr:license</code>, is
389: actually in the SVG namespace, as the "<code title="">xmlns:cdr</code>" attribute has no effect (unlike in
390: XML). In fact, as the comment in the fragment above says, the
391: fragment is actually non-conforming. This is because the SVG
392: specification does not define any elements called "<code title="">cdr:license</code>" in the SVG namespace.</p>
393:
394: </div><p><a href="#normal-elements">Normal elements</a> can have <a href="#syntax-text" title="syntax-text">text</a>, <a href="#syntax-charref" title="syntax-charref">character references</a>, other <a href="#syntax-elements" title="syntax-elements">elements</a>, and <a href="#syntax-comments" title="syntax-comments">comments</a>, but the text must not
1.588 mike 395: contain the character U+003C LESS-THAN SIGN (<) or an <a href="#syntax-ambiguous-ampersand" title="syntax-ambiguous-ampersand">ambiguous ampersand</a>. Some
396: <a href="#normal-elements">normal elements</a> also have <a href="#element-restrictions">yet more restrictions</a> on what
1.1 mike 397: content they are allowed to hold, beyond the restrictions imposed by
398: the content model and those described in this paragraph. Those
1.123 mike 399: restrictions are described below.</p><p>Tags contain a <dfn id="syntax-tag-name" title="syntax-tag-name">tag name</dfn>,
1.1 mike 400: giving the element's name. HTML elements all have names that only
1.464 mike 401: use characters in the range U+0030 DIGIT ZERO (0) to U+0039 DIGIT
402: NINE (9), U+0061 LATIN SMALL LETTER A to U+007A LATIN SMALL LETTER
403: Z, and U+0041 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A to U+005A LATIN CAPITAL LETTER
404: Z. In the HTML syntax, tag names, even those for <a href="#foreign-elements">foreign
1.462 mike 405: elements</a>, may be written with any mix of lower- and uppercase
406: letters that, when converted to all-lowercase, matches the element's
407: tag name; tag names are case-insensitive.</p><h5 id="start-tags"><span class="secno">9.1.2.1 </span>Start tags</h5><p><dfn id="syntax-start-tag" title="syntax-start-tag">Start tags</dfn> must have the
1.123 mike 408: following format:</p><ol><li>The first character of a start tag must be a U+003C LESS-THAN
1.588 mike 409: SIGN character (<).</li>
1.1 mike 410:
411: <li>The next few characters of a start tag must be the element's
412: <a href="#syntax-tag-name" title="syntax-tag-name">tag name</a>.</li>
413:
414: <li>If there are to be any attributes in the next step, there must
415: first be one or more <a href="infrastructure.html#space-character" title="space character">space
416: characters</a>.</li>
417:
418: <li>Then, the start tag may have a number of attributes, the <a href="#syntax-attributes" title="syntax-attributes">syntax for which</a> is described
419: below. Attributes may be separated from each other by one or more
420: <a href="infrastructure.html#space-character" title="space character">space characters</a>.</li>
421:
422: <li>After the attributes, there may be one or more <a href="infrastructure.html#space-character" title="space character">space characters</a>. (Some attributes
423: are required to be followed by a space. See the <a href="#syntax-attributes" title="syntax-attributes">attributes section</a> below.)</li>
424:
425: <li>Then, if the element is one of the <a href="#void-elements">void elements</a>,
1.373 mike 426: or if the element is a <a href="#foreign-elements" title="foreign elements">foreign
1.588 mike 427: element</a>, then there may be a single U+002F SOLIDUS character
428: (/). This character has no effect on <a href="#void-elements">void elements</a>,
429: but on <a href="#foreign-elements">foreign elements</a> it marks the start tag as
430: self-closing.</li>
1.1 mike 431:
432: <li>Finally, start tags must be closed by a U+003E GREATER-THAN
1.588 mike 433: SIGN character (>).</li>
1.1 mike 434:
1.123 mike 435: </ol><h5 id="end-tags"><span class="secno">9.1.2.2 </span>End tags</h5><p><dfn id="syntax-end-tag" title="syntax-end-tag">End tags</dfn> must have the
436: following format:</p><ol><li>The first character of an end tag must be a U+003C LESS-THAN
1.588 mike 437: SIGN character (<).</li>
1.1 mike 438:
439: <li>The second character of an end tag must be a U+002F SOLIDUS
1.588 mike 440: character (/).</li>
1.1 mike 441:
442: <li>The next few characters of an end tag must be the element's
443: <a href="#syntax-tag-name" title="syntax-tag-name">tag name</a>.</li>
444:
445: <li>After the tag name, there may be one or more <a href="infrastructure.html#space-character" title="space
446: character">space characters</a>.</li>
447:
1.588 mike 448: <li>Finally, end tags must be closed by a U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN
449: character (>).</li>
1.1 mike 450:
1.123 mike 451: </ol><h5 id="attributes"><span class="secno">9.1.2.3 </span>Attributes</h5><p><dfn id="syntax-attributes" title="syntax-attributes">Attributes</dfn> for an element
452: are expressed inside the element's start tag.</p><p>Attributes have a name and a value. <dfn id="syntax-attribute-name" title="syntax-attribute-name">Attribute names</dfn> must consist of
1.1 mike 453: one or more characters other than the <a href="infrastructure.html#space-character" title="space
454: character">space characters</a>, U+0000 NULL, U+0022 QUOTATION
455: MARK ("), U+0027 APOSTROPHE ('), U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN
456: (>), U+002F SOLIDUS (/), and U+003D EQUALS SIGN (=) characters,
457: the control characters, and any characters that are not defined by
1.462 mike 458: Unicode. In the HTML syntax, attribute names, even those for
459: <a href="#foreign-elements">foreign elements</a>, may be written with any mix of lower-
460: and uppercase letters that are an <a href="infrastructure.html#ascii-case-insensitive">ASCII
1.123 mike 461: case-insensitive</a> match for the attribute's name.</p><p><dfn id="syntax-attribute-value" title="syntax-attribute-value">Attribute values</dfn> are a
1.1 mike 462: mixture of <a href="#syntax-text" title="syntax-text">text</a> and <a href="#syntax-charref" title="syntax-charref">character references</a>, except with the
1.123 mike 463: additional restriction that the text cannot contain an <a href="#syntax-ambiguous-ampersand" title="syntax-ambiguous-ampersand">ambiguous ampersand</a>.</p><p>Attributes can be specified in four different ways:</p><dl><dt>Empty attribute syntax</dt>
1.1 mike 464:
465: <dd>
466:
467: <p>Just the <a href="#syntax-attribute-name" title="syntax-attribute-name">attribute
468: name</a>.</p>
469:
470: <div class="example">
471:
472: <p>In the following example, the <code title="attr-fe-disabled"><a href="forms.html#attr-fe-disabled">disabled</a></code> attribute is given with
473: the empty attribute syntax:</p>
474:
475: <pre><input <em>disabled</em>></pre>
476:
477: </div>
478:
479: <p>If an attribute using the empty attribute syntax is to be
480: followed by another attribute, then there must be a <a href="infrastructure.html#space-character">space
481: character</a> separating the two.</p>
482:
483: </dd>
484:
1.2 mike 485: <dt id="unquoted">Unquoted attribute value syntax</dt>
1.1 mike 486:
487: <dd>
488:
489: <p>The <a href="#syntax-attribute-name" title="syntax-attribute-name">attribute name</a>,
490: followed by zero or more <a href="infrastructure.html#space-character" title="space character">space
491: characters</a>, followed by a single U+003D EQUALS SIGN
492: character, followed by zero or more <a href="infrastructure.html#space-character" title="space
493: character">space characters</a>, followed by the <a href="#syntax-attribute-value" title="syntax-attribute-value">attribute value</a>, which, in
494: addition to the requirements given above for attribute values,
495: must not contain any literal <a href="infrastructure.html#space-character" title="space character">space
1.588 mike 496: characters</a>, any U+0022 QUOTATION MARK characters ("),
497: U+0027 APOSTROPHE characters ('), U+003D EQUALS SIGN
498: characters (=), U+003C LESS-THAN SIGN characters (<), U+003E
499: GREATER-THAN SIGN characters (>), or U+0060 GRAVE ACCENT
500: characters (`), and must not be the empty string.</p>
1.463 mike 501:
502: <!-- The ` character is in this list on a temporary basis, waiting
503: for IE to fix it's parsing bug whereby it treats ` as an
504: attribute value delimiter. Otherwise, escaping software that
505: tries to be clever and not use quotes when it doesn't need to
506: could be tricked by an attacker.
507:
508: Posit a site that allows the user to input text that is used
509: verbatim in two attributes, such that the user can set the
510: first attribute's value to:
511:
512: `
513:
514: ...and the second to:
515:
516: ` onload='...payload...' end=x
517:
518: ...with the assumption that the site is going to not quote
519: the first one, and quote the second one with double quotes:
520:
521: <body title=` class="` onload='...payload...' end=x">
522:
523: In IE, this is treated as:
524:
525: <body title=' class="'
526: onload='...payload...'
527: end='x"'>
528:
529: -->
530:
1.1 mike 531:
532: <div class="example">
533:
534: <p>In the following example, the <code title="attr-input-value"><a href="forms.html#attr-input-value">value</a></code> attribute is given
535: with the unquoted attribute value syntax:</p>
536:
537: <pre><input <em>value=yes</em>></pre>
538:
539: </div>
540:
541: <p>If an attribute using the unquoted attribute syntax is to be
1.101 mike 542: followed by another attribute or by the optional U+002F SOLIDUS
1.464 mike 543: character (/) allowed in step 6 of the <a href="#syntax-start-tag" title="syntax-start-tag">start tag</a> syntax above, then there
1.1 mike 544: must be a <a href="infrastructure.html#space-character">space character</a> separating the two.</p>
545:
546: </dd>
547:
548: <dt>Single-quoted attribute value syntax</dt>
549:
550: <dd>
551:
552: <p>The <a href="#syntax-attribute-name" title="syntax-attribute-name">attribute name</a>,
553: followed by zero or more <a href="infrastructure.html#space-character" title="space character">space
554: characters</a>, followed by a single U+003D EQUALS SIGN
555: character, followed by zero or more <a href="infrastructure.html#space-character" title="space
556: character">space characters</a>, followed by a single U+0027
1.588 mike 557: APOSTROPHE character ('), followed by the <a href="#syntax-attribute-value" title="syntax-attribute-value">attribute value</a>, which, in
1.1 mike 558: addition to the requirements given above for attribute values,
1.588 mike 559: must not contain any literal U+0027 APOSTROPHE characters ('), and
560: finally followed by a second single U+0027 APOSTROPHE character
561: (').</p>
1.1 mike 562:
563: <div class="example">
564:
565: <p>In the following example, the <code title="attr-input-type"><a href="forms.html#attr-input-type">type</a></code> attribute is given with the
566: single-quoted attribute value syntax:</p>
567:
568: <pre><input <em>type='checkbox'</em>></pre>
569:
570: </div>
571:
572: <p>If an attribute using the single-quoted attribute syntax is to
573: be followed by another attribute, then there must be a <a href="infrastructure.html#space-character">space
574: character</a> separating the two.</p>
575:
576: </dd>
577:
578: <dt>Double-quoted attribute value syntax</dt>
579:
580: <dd>
581:
582: <p>The <a href="#syntax-attribute-name" title="syntax-attribute-name">attribute name</a>,
583: followed by zero or more <a href="infrastructure.html#space-character" title="space character">space
584: characters</a>, followed by a single U+003D EQUALS SIGN
585: character, followed by zero or more <a href="infrastructure.html#space-character" title="space
586: character">space characters</a>, followed by a single U+0022
1.588 mike 587: QUOTATION MARK character ("), followed by the <a href="#syntax-attribute-value" title="syntax-attribute-value">attribute value</a>, which, in
1.1 mike 588: addition to the requirements given above for attribute values,
1.588 mike 589: must not contain any literal U+0022 QUOTATION MARK characters ("),
590: and finally followed by a second single U+0022 QUOTATION MARK
591: character (").</p>
1.1 mike 592:
593: <div class="example">
594:
595: <p>In the following example, the <code title="attr-fe-name"><a href="forms.html#attr-fe-name">name</a></code> attribute is given with the
596: double-quoted attribute value syntax:</p>
597:
598: <pre><input <em>name="be evil"</em>></pre>
599:
600: </div>
601:
602: <p>If an attribute using the double-quoted attribute syntax is to
603: be followed by another attribute, then there must be a <a href="infrastructure.html#space-character">space
604: character</a> separating the two.</p>
605:
606: </dd>
607:
608: </dl><p>There must never be two or more attributes on the same start tag
609: whose names are an <a href="infrastructure.html#ascii-case-insensitive">ASCII case-insensitive</a> match for
1.462 mike 610: each other.</p><hr><p>When a <a href="#foreign-elements" title="foreign elements">foreign element</a> has
611: one of the namespaced attributes given by the local name and
612: namespace of the first and second cells of a row from the following
613: table, it must be written using the name given by the third cell
614: from the same row.</p><table><thead><tr><th> Local name </th><th> Namespace </th><th> Attribute name
615: </th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td> <code title="">actuate</code> </td><td> <a href="#xlink-namespace">XLink namespace</a> </td><td> <code title="">xlink:actuate</code>
616: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">arcrole</code> </td><td> <a href="#xlink-namespace">XLink namespace</a> </td><td> <code title="">xlink:arcrole</code>
617: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">href</code> </td><td> <a href="#xlink-namespace">XLink namespace</a> </td><td> <code title="">xlink:href</code>
618: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">role</code> </td><td> <a href="#xlink-namespace">XLink namespace</a> </td><td> <code title="">xlink:role</code>
619: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">show</code> </td><td> <a href="#xlink-namespace">XLink namespace</a> </td><td> <code title="">xlink:show</code>
620: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">title</code> </td><td> <a href="#xlink-namespace">XLink namespace</a> </td><td> <code title="">xlink:title</code>
621: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">type</code> </td><td> <a href="#xlink-namespace">XLink namespace</a> </td><td> <code title="">xlink:type</code>
622: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">base</code> </td><td> <a href="#xml-namespace">XML namespace</a> <!-- attr-xml-base --> </td><td> <code title="">xml:base</code>
623: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">lang</code> </td><td> <a href="#xml-namespace">XML namespace</a> </td><td> <code title="">xml:lang</code>
624: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">space</code> </td><td> <a href="#xml-namespace">XML namespace</a> </td><td> <code title="">xml:space</code>
625: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">xmlns</code> </td><td> <a href="#xmlns-namespace">XMLNS namespace</a> </td><td> <code title="">xmlns</code>
626: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">xlink</code> </td><td> <a href="#xmlns-namespace">XMLNS namespace</a> </td><td> <code title="">xmlns:xlink</code>
627: </td></tr></tbody></table><p>No other namespaced attribute can be expressed in the <a href="#syntax">the
628: HTML syntax</a>.</p><h5 id="optional-tags"><span class="secno">9.1.2.4 </span>Optional tags</h5><p>Certain tags can be <dfn id="syntax-tag-omission" title="syntax-tag-omission">omitted</dfn>.</p><p class="note">Omitting an element's <a href="#syntax-start-tag" title="syntax-start-tag">start tag</a> does not mean the element
1.1 mike 629: is not present; it is implied, but it is still there. An HTML
1.159 mike 630: document always has a root <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element-0">html</a></code> element, even if the
1.1 mike 631: string <code title=""><html></code> doesn't appear anywhere in
1.159 mike 632: the markup.</p><!-- <html> --><p>An <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element-0">html</a></code> element's <a href="#syntax-start-tag" title="syntax-start-tag">start tag</a> may be omitted if the
633: first thing inside the <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element-0">html</a></code> element is not a <a href="#syntax-comments" title="syntax-comments">comment</a>.</p><!-- </html> --><p>An <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element-0">html</a></code> element's <a href="#syntax-end-tag" title="syntax-end-tag">end
634: tag</a> may be omitted if the <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element-0">html</a></code> element is not
635: immediately followed by a <a href="#syntax-comments" title="syntax-comments">comment</a>.</p><!-- <head> --><p>A <code><a href="semantics.html#the-head-element-0">head</a></code> element's <a href="#syntax-start-tag" title="syntax-start-tag">start tag</a> may be omitted <!--if the
1.1 mike 636: element is empty, or--> if the first thing inside the
1.159 mike 637: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-head-element-0">head</a></code> element is an element.</p><!-- </head> --><p>A <code><a href="semantics.html#the-head-element-0">head</a></code> element's <a href="#syntax-end-tag" title="syntax-end-tag">end
638: tag</a> may be omitted if the <code><a href="semantics.html#the-head-element-0">head</a></code> element is not
639: immediately followed by a <a href="infrastructure.html#space-character">space character</a> or a <a href="#syntax-comments" title="syntax-comments">comment</a>.</p><!-- <body> --><p>A <code><a href="semantics.html#the-body-element-0">body</a></code> element's <a href="#syntax-start-tag" title="syntax-start-tag">start tag</a> may be omitted if the
640: element is empty, or if the first thing inside the <code><a href="semantics.html#the-body-element-0">body</a></code>
1.1 mike 641: element is not a <a href="infrastructure.html#space-character">space character</a> or a <a href="#syntax-comments" title="syntax-comments">comment</a>, except if the first thing
1.159 mike 642: inside the <code><a href="semantics.html#the-body-element-0">body</a></code> element is a <code><a href="semantics.html#script">script</a></code> or
1.1 mike 643: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-style-element">style</a></code> element. <!-- Note that even if the </head> end
644: tag is present, the parser makes <style> and <script> elements
645: between </head> and <body> end up in the <head> instead of implying
1.159 mike 646: the <body> --></p><!-- </body> --><p>A <code><a href="semantics.html#the-body-element-0">body</a></code> element's <a href="#syntax-end-tag" title="syntax-end-tag">end
647: tag</a> may be omitted if the <code><a href="semantics.html#the-body-element-0">body</a></code> element is not
1.123 mike 648: immediately followed by a <a href="#syntax-comments" title="syntax-comments">comment</a>.</p><!-- </li> --><p>A <code><a href="semantics.html#the-li-element">li</a></code> element's <a href="#syntax-end-tag" title="syntax-end-tag">end
1.1 mike 649: tag</a> may be omitted if the <code><a href="semantics.html#the-li-element">li</a></code> element is
650: immediately followed by another <code><a href="semantics.html#the-li-element">li</a></code> element or if there
1.422 mike 651: is no more content in the parent element.</p><!-- </dt> --><p>A <code><a href="semantics.html#the-dt-element">dt</a></code> element's <a href="#syntax-end-tag" title="syntax-end-tag">end
1.1 mike 652: tag</a> may be omitted if the <code><a href="semantics.html#the-dt-element">dt</a></code> element is
653: immediately followed by another <code><a href="semantics.html#the-dt-element">dt</a></code> element or a
1.123 mike 654: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-dd-element">dd</a></code> element.</p><!-- </dd> --><p>A <code><a href="semantics.html#the-dd-element">dd</a></code> element's <a href="#syntax-end-tag" title="syntax-end-tag">end
1.1 mike 655: tag</a> may be omitted if the <code><a href="semantics.html#the-dd-element">dd</a></code> element is
656: immediately followed by another <code><a href="semantics.html#the-dd-element">dd</a></code> element or a
657: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-dt-element">dt</a></code> element, or if there is no more content in the
1.123 mike 658: parent element.</p><!-- </p> --><p>A <code><a href="semantics.html#the-p-element">p</a></code> element's <a href="#syntax-end-tag" title="syntax-end-tag">end
1.1 mike 659: tag</a> may be omitted if the <code><a href="semantics.html#the-p-element">p</a></code> element is
660: immediately followed by an <code><a href="semantics.html#the-address-element">address</a></code>,
661: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-article-element">article</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-aside-element">aside</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-blockquote-element">blockquote</a></code>,
1.305 mike 662: <!--v2DATAGRID <code>datagrid</code>,--> <code><a href="obsolete.html#dir">dir</a></code>,
1.306 mike 663: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-div-element">div</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-dl-element">dl</a></code>, <code><a href="forms.html#the-fieldset-element">fieldset</a></code>,
1.305 mike 664: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-footer-element">footer</a></code>, <code><a href="forms.html#the-form-element">form</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-h1-h2-h3-h4-h5-and-h6-elements">h1</a></code>,
665: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-h1-h2-h3-h4-h5-and-h6-elements">h2</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-h1-h2-h3-h4-h5-and-h6-elements">h3</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-h1-h2-h3-h4-h5-and-h6-elements">h4</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-h1-h2-h3-h4-h5-and-h6-elements">h5</a></code>,
666: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-h1-h2-h3-h4-h5-and-h6-elements">h6</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-header-element">header</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-hgroup-element">hgroup</a></code>,
667: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-hr-element">hr</a></code>, <code><a href="interactive-elements.html#menus">menu</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-nav-element">nav</a></code>,
668: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-ol-element">ol</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-p-element">p</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-pre-element">pre</a></code>,
1.1 mike 669: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-section-element">section</a></code>, <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-table-element">table</a></code>, or <code><a href="semantics.html#the-ul-element">ul</a></code>,
670: element, or if there is no more content in the parent element and
1.123 mike 671: the parent element is not an <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-a-element">a</a></code> element.</p><!-- </rt> --><p>An <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-rt-element">rt</a></code> element's <a href="#syntax-end-tag" title="syntax-end-tag">end
1.1 mike 672: tag</a> may be omitted if the <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-rt-element">rt</a></code> element is
673: immediately followed by an <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-rt-element">rt</a></code> or <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-rp-element">rp</a></code>
1.123 mike 674: element, or if there is no more content in the parent element.</p><!-- </rp> --><p>An <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-rp-element">rp</a></code> element's <a href="#syntax-end-tag" title="syntax-end-tag">end
1.1 mike 675: tag</a> may be omitted if the <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-rp-element">rp</a></code> element is
676: immediately followed by an <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-rt-element">rt</a></code> or <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-rp-element">rp</a></code>
1.123 mike 677: element, or if there is no more content in the parent element.</p><!-- </optgroup> (the text assumes <optgroup> can only be inside a
1.1 mike 678: <select>; commented out text below can handle the non-<select> case
1.123 mike 679: if we ever allow it) --><p>An <code><a href="forms.html#the-optgroup-element">optgroup</a></code> element's <a href="#syntax-end-tag" title="syntax-end-tag">end tag</a> may be omitted if the
1.1 mike 680: <code><a href="forms.html#the-optgroup-element">optgroup</a></code> element <!--has an ancestor
681: <code>select</code> element and--> is immediately followed by
682: another <code><a href="forms.html#the-optgroup-element">optgroup</a></code> element, or if <!--all of the elements
683: that are ancestors of the <code>optgroup</code> element, up to and
684: including the first ancestor element that is not an
685: <code>optgroup</code> element, have no more content--> there is no
1.123 mike 686: more content in the parent element.</p><!-- so e.g. the max number of </optgroup>s are omitted here:
1.1 mike 687: <select><optgroup></select>
688: <p id=x><optgroup></optgroup>x</p>
689: <p id=x><optgroup><optgroup></optgroup></optgroup>x</p>
690: <p><optgroup id=x><optgroup></optgroup>x</p>
691: <p><optgroup><optgroup id=x>x</p>
1.123 mike 692: --><!-- </option> --><p>An <code><a href="forms.html#the-option-element">option</a></code> element's <a href="#syntax-end-tag" title="syntax-end-tag">end
1.1 mike 693: tag</a> may be omitted if the <code><a href="forms.html#the-option-element">option</a></code> element is
694: immediately followed by another <code><a href="forms.html#the-option-element">option</a></code> element, or if
695: it is immediately followed by an <code><a href="forms.html#the-optgroup-element">optgroup</a></code> element, or
1.123 mike 696: if there is no more content in the parent element.</p><!-- <colgroup> --><p>A <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-colgroup-element">colgroup</a></code> element's <a href="#syntax-start-tag" title="syntax-start-tag">start tag</a> may be omitted if the
1.1 mike 697: first thing inside the <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-colgroup-element">colgroup</a></code> element is a
698: <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-col-element">col</a></code> element, and if the element is not immediately
699: preceded by another <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-colgroup-element">colgroup</a></code> element whose <a href="#syntax-end-tag" title="syntax-end-tag">end tag</a> has been omitted. (It can't be
1.123 mike 700: omitted if the element is empty.)</p><!-- </colgroup> --><p>A <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-colgroup-element">colgroup</a></code> element's <a href="#syntax-end-tag" title="syntax-end-tag">end tag</a> may be omitted if the
1.1 mike 701: <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-colgroup-element">colgroup</a></code> element is not immediately followed by a
1.123 mike 702: <a href="infrastructure.html#space-character">space character</a> or a <a href="#syntax-comments" title="syntax-comments">comment</a>.</p><!-- </thead> --><p>A <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-thead-element">thead</a></code> element's <a href="#syntax-end-tag" title="syntax-end-tag">end
1.1 mike 703: tag</a> may be omitted if the <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-thead-element">thead</a></code> element is
704: immediately followed by a <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tbody-element">tbody</a></code> or <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tfoot-element">tfoot</a></code>
1.123 mike 705: element.</p><!-- <tbody> --><p>A <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tbody-element">tbody</a></code> element's <a href="#syntax-start-tag" title="syntax-start-tag">start tag</a> may be omitted if the
1.1 mike 706: first thing inside the <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tbody-element">tbody</a></code> element is a
707: <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tr-element">tr</a></code> element, and if the element is not immediately
708: preceded by a <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tbody-element">tbody</a></code>, <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-thead-element">thead</a></code>, or
709: <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tfoot-element">tfoot</a></code> element whose <a href="#syntax-end-tag" title="syntax-end-tag">end
710: tag</a> has been omitted. (It can't be omitted if the element is
1.123 mike 711: empty.)</p><!-- </tbody> --><p>A <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tbody-element">tbody</a></code> element's <a href="#syntax-end-tag" title="syntax-end-tag">end
1.1 mike 712: tag</a> may be omitted if the <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tbody-element">tbody</a></code> element is
713: immediately followed by a <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tbody-element">tbody</a></code> or <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tfoot-element">tfoot</a></code>
1.123 mike 714: element, or if there is no more content in the parent element.</p><!-- </tfoot> --><p>A <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tfoot-element">tfoot</a></code> element's <a href="#syntax-end-tag" title="syntax-end-tag">end
1.1 mike 715: tag</a> may be omitted if the <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tfoot-element">tfoot</a></code> element is
716: immediately followed by a <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tbody-element">tbody</a></code> element, or if there is
1.123 mike 717: no more content in the parent element.</p><!-- </tr> --><p>A <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tr-element">tr</a></code> element's <a href="#syntax-end-tag" title="syntax-end-tag">end
1.1 mike 718: tag</a> may be omitted if the <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tr-element">tr</a></code> element is
719: immediately followed by another <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tr-element">tr</a></code> element, or if there
1.123 mike 720: is no more content in the parent element.</p><!-- </td> --><p>A <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-td-element">td</a></code> element's <a href="#syntax-end-tag" title="syntax-end-tag">end
1.1 mike 721: tag</a> may be omitted if the <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-td-element">td</a></code> element is
722: immediately followed by a <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-td-element">td</a></code> or <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-th-element">th</a></code>
1.123 mike 723: element, or if there is no more content in the parent element.</p><!-- </th> --><p>A <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-th-element">th</a></code> element's <a href="#syntax-end-tag" title="syntax-end-tag">end
1.1 mike 724: tag</a> may be omitted if the <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-th-element">th</a></code> element is
725: immediately followed by a <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-td-element">td</a></code> or <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-th-element">th</a></code>
1.123 mike 726: element, or if there is no more content in the parent element.</p><p><strong>However</strong>, a <a href="#syntax-start-tag" title="syntax-start-tag">start
727: tag</a> must never be omitted if it has any attributes.</p><h5 id="element-restrictions"><span class="secno">9.1.2.5 </span>Restrictions on content models</h5><p>For historical reasons, certain elements have extra restrictions
728: beyond even the restrictions given by their content model.</p><p>A <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-table-element">table</a></code> element must not contain <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tr-element">tr</a></code>
1.1 mike 729: elements, even though these elements are technically allowed inside
730: <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-table-element">table</a></code> elements according to the content models
731: described in this specification. (If a <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tr-element">tr</a></code> element is
732: put inside a <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-table-element">table</a></code> in the markup, it will in fact imply
1.304 mike 733: a <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tbody-element">tbody</a></code> start tag before it.)</p><p>A single <a href="#syntax-newlines" title="syntax-newlines">newline</a> may be
734: placed immediately after the <a href="#syntax-start-tag" title="syntax-start-tag">start
1.1 mike 735: tag</a> of <code><a href="semantics.html#the-pre-element">pre</a></code> and <code><a href="forms.html#the-textarea-element">textarea</a></code>
736: elements. This does not affect the processing of the element. The
1.304 mike 737: otherwise optional <a href="#syntax-newlines" title="syntax-newlines">newline</a>
1.381 mike 738: <em>must</em> be included if the element's contents themselves start
739: with a <a href="#syntax-newlines" title="syntax-newlines">newline</a> (because
740: otherwise the leading newline in the contents would be treated like
741: the optional newline, and ignored).</p><div class="example">
1.1 mike 742: <p>The following two <code><a href="semantics.html#the-pre-element">pre</a></code> blocks are equivalent:</p>
743: <pre><pre>Hello</pre></pre>
744: <pre><pre><br>Hello</pre></pre>
1.373 mike 745: </div><h5 id="cdata-rcdata-restrictions"><span class="secno">9.1.2.6 </span>Restrictions on the contents of raw text and RCDATA elements</h5><p>The text in <a href="#raw-text-elements" title="raw text elements">raw text</a> and
746: <a href="#rcdata-elements" title="RCDATA elements">RCDATAs</a> element must not
747: contain any occurrences of the string "<code title=""></</code>"
748: (U+003C LESS-THAN SIGN, U+002F SOLIDUS) followed by characters that
1.1 mike 749: case-insensitively match the tag name of the element followed by one
750: of U+0009 CHARACTER TABULATION, U+000A LINE FEED (LF), U+000C FORM
1.304 mike 751: FEED (FF), U+000D CARRIAGE RETURN (CR), U+0020 SPACE, U+003E
1.542 mike 752: GREATER-THAN SIGN (>), or U+002F SOLIDUS (/).</p><h4 id="text-0"><span class="secno">9.1.3 </span>Text</h4><p><dfn id="syntax-text" title="syntax-text">Text</dfn> is allowed inside elements,
1.1 mike 753: attributes, and comments. Text must consist of Unicode characters.
754: Text must not contain U+0000 characters. Text must not contain
1.316 mike 755: permanently undefined Unicode characters (noncharacters). Text must
756: not contain control characters other than <a href="infrastructure.html#space-character" title="space
757: character">space characters</a>. Extra constraints are placed on
758: what is and what is not allowed in text based on where the text is
759: to be put, as described in the other sections.</p><h5 id="newlines"><span class="secno">9.1.3.1 </span>Newlines</h5><p><dfn id="syntax-newlines" title="syntax-newlines">Newlines</dfn> in HTML may be
1.1 mike 760: represented either as U+000D CARRIAGE RETURN (CR) characters, U+000A
761: LINE FEED (LF) characters, or pairs of U+000D CARRIAGE RETURN (CR),
1.123 mike 762: U+000A LINE FEED (LF) characters in that order.</p><h4 id="character-references"><span class="secno">9.1.4 </span>Character references</h4><p>In certain cases described in other sections, <a href="#syntax-text" title="syntax-text">text</a> may be mixed with <dfn id="syntax-charref" title="syntax-charref">character references</dfn>. These can be used
1.1 mike 763: to escape characters that couldn't otherwise legally be included in
1.588 mike 764: <a href="#syntax-text" title="syntax-text">text</a>.</p><p>Character references must start with a U+0026 AMPERSAND character
765: (&). Following this, there are three possible kinds of character
766: references:</p><dl><dt>Named character references</dt>
1.1 mike 767:
768: <dd>The ampersand must be followed by one of the names given in the
769: <a href="named-character-references.html#named-character-references">named character references</a> section, using the same
770: case. The name must be one that is terminated by a U+003B SEMICOLON
1.464 mike 771: character (;).</dd>
1.1 mike 772:
773:
774: <dt>Decimal numeric character reference</dt>
775:
776: <dd>The ampersand must be followed by a U+0023 NUMBER SIGN
1.588 mike 777: character (#), followed by one or more digits in the range U+0030
778: DIGIT ZERO (0) to U+0039 DIGIT NINE (9), representing a base-ten
779: integer that corresponds to a Unicode code point that is allowed
780: according to the definition below. The digits must then be followed
781: by a U+003B SEMICOLON character (;).</dd>
1.1 mike 782:
783:
784: <dt>Hexadecimal numeric character reference</dt>
785:
786: <dd>The ampersand must be followed by a U+0023 NUMBER SIGN
1.588 mike 787: character (#), which must be followed by either a U+0078 LATIN
788: SMALL LETTER X character (x) or a U+0058 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER X
789: character (X), which must then be followed by one or more digits in
790: the range U+0030 DIGIT ZERO (0) to U+0039 DIGIT NINE (9), U+0061
791: LATIN SMALL LETTER A to U+0066 LATIN SMALL LETTER F, and U+0041
792: LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A to U+0046 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER F,
1.464 mike 793: representing a base-sixteen integer that corresponds to a Unicode
794: code point that is allowed according to the definition below. The
795: digits must then be followed by a U+003B SEMICOLON character
796: (;).</dd>
1.378 mike 797:
798: </dl><p>The numeric character reference forms described above are allowed
799: to reference any Unicode code point other than U+0000, permanently
800: undefined Unicode characters (noncharacters), and control characters
801: other than <a href="infrastructure.html#space-character" title="space character">space
802: characters</a>.</p><p>An <dfn id="syntax-ambiguous-ampersand" title="syntax-ambiguous-ampersand">ambiguous
1.464 mike 803: ampersand</dfn> is a U+0026 AMPERSAND character (&) that is
804: followed by some <a href="#syntax-text" title="syntax-text">text</a> other than a
805: <a href="infrastructure.html#space-character">space character</a>, a U+003C LESS-THAN SIGN character
1.588 mike 806: (<), or another U+0026 AMPERSAND character (&).</p><h4 id="cdata-sections"><span class="secno">9.1.5 </span>CDATA sections</h4><p><dfn id="syntax-cdata" title="syntax-cdata">CDATA sections</dfn> must start with
1.1 mike 807: the character sequence U+003C LESS-THAN SIGN, U+0021 EXCLAMATION
808: MARK, U+005B LEFT SQUARE BRACKET, U+0043 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER C,
809: U+0044 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER D, U+0041 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A, U+0054
810: LATIN CAPITAL LETTER T, U+0041 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A, U+005B LEFT
811: SQUARE BRACKET (<code title=""><![CDATA[</code>). Following this
812: sequence, the CDATA section may have <a href="#syntax-text" title="syntax-text">text</a>, with the additional restriction
813: that the text must not contain the three character sequence U+005D
814: RIGHT SQUARE BRACKET, U+005D RIGHT SQUARE BRACKET, U+003E
815: GREATER-THAN SIGN (<code title="">]]></code>). Finally, the CDATA
816: section must be ended by the three character sequence U+005D RIGHT
817: SQUARE BRACKET, U+005D RIGHT SQUARE BRACKET, U+003E GREATER-THAN
1.159 mike 818: SIGN (<code title="">]]></code>).</p><h4 id="comments"><span class="secno">9.1.6 </span>Comments</h4><p class="XXX annotation"><b>Status: </b><i>Working draft</i></p><p><dfn id="syntax-comments" title="syntax-comments">Comments</dfn> must start with the
1.1 mike 819: four character sequence U+003C LESS-THAN SIGN, U+0021 EXCLAMATION
820: MARK, U+002D HYPHEN-MINUS, U+002D HYPHEN-MINUS (<code title=""><!--</code>). Following this sequence, the comment may
821: have <a href="#syntax-text" title="syntax-text">text</a>, with the additional
822: restriction that the text must not start with a single U+003E
1.588 mike 823: GREATER-THAN SIGN character (>), nor start with a U+002D
824: HYPHEN-MINUS character (-) followed by a U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN
825: (>) character, nor contain two consecutive U+002D HYPHEN-MINUS
826: characters (<code title="">--</code>), nor end with a U+002D
827: HYPHEN-MINUS character (-). Finally, the comment must be ended by
1.1 mike 828: the three character sequence U+002D HYPHEN-MINUS, U+002D
1.123 mike 829: HYPHEN-MINUS, U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN (<code title="">--></code>).</p><div class="impl">
1.1 mike 830:
1.159 mike 831: <h3 id="parsing"><span class="secno">9.2 </span>Parsing HTML documents</h3><p class="XXX annotation"><b>Status: </b><i>Last call for comments</i></p>
1.1 mike 832:
833: <p><i>This section only applies to user agents, data mining tools,
834: and conformance checkers.</i></p>
835:
836: <p class="note">The rules for parsing XML documents into DOM trees
837: are covered by the next section, entitled "<a href="the-xhtml-syntax.html#the-xhtml-syntax">The XHTML
838: syntax</a>".</p>
839:
840: <p>For <a href="dom.html#html-documents">HTML documents</a>, user agents must use the parsing
841: rules described in this section to generate the DOM trees. Together,
842: these rules define what is referred to as the <dfn id="html-parser">HTML
843: parser</dfn>.</p>
844:
845: <div class="note">
846:
847: <p>While the HTML syntax described in this specification bears a
848: close resemblance to SGML and XML, it is a separate language with
849: its own parsing rules.</p>
850:
1.183 mike 851: <p>Some earlier versions of HTML (in particular from HTML2 to
852: HTML4) were based on SGML and used SGML parsing rules. However, few
1.1 mike 853: (if any) web browsers ever implemented true SGML parsing for HTML
854: documents; the only user agents to strictly handle HTML as an SGML
855: application have historically been validators. The resulting
856: confusion — with validators claiming documents to have one
857: representation while widely deployed Web browsers interoperably
858: implemented a different representation — has wasted decades
859: of productivity. This version of HTML thus returns to a non-SGML
860: basis.</p>
861:
862: <p>Authors interested in using SGML tools in their authoring
863: pipeline are encouraged to use XML tools and the XML serialization
864: of HTML.</p>
865:
866: </div>
867:
868: <p>This specification defines the parsing rules for HTML documents,
869: whether they are syntactically correct or not. Certain points in the
870: parsing algorithm are said to be <dfn id="parse-error" title="parse error">parse
871: errors</dfn>. The error handling for parse errors is well-defined:
872: user agents must either act as described below when encountering
873: such problems, or must abort processing at the first error that they
874: encounter for which they do not wish to apply the rules described
875: below.</p>
876:
877: <p>Conformance checkers must report at least one parse error
878: condition to the user if one or more parse error conditions exist in
879: the document and must not report parse error conditions if none
880: exist in the document. Conformance checkers may report more than one
1.174 mike 881: parse error condition if more than one parse error condition exists
1.1 mike 882: in the document. Conformance checkers are not required to recover
883: from parse errors.</p>
884:
885: <p class="note">Parse errors are only errors with the
886: <em>syntax</em> of HTML. In addition to checking for parse errors,
887: conformance checkers will also verify that the document obeys all
888: the other conformance requirements described in this
889: specification.</p>
890:
891: <p>For the purposes of conformance checkers, if a resource is
892: determined to be in <a href="#syntax">the HTML syntax</a>, then it is an
893: <a href="dom.html#html-documents" title="HTML documents">HTML document</a>.</p>
894:
1.266 mike 895: </div><div class="impl">
1.1 mike 896:
897: <h4 id="overview-of-the-parsing-model"><span class="secno">9.2.1 </span>Overview of the parsing model</h4>
898:
899: <p>The input to the HTML parsing process consists of a stream of
900: Unicode characters, which is passed through a
901: <a href="#tokenization">tokenization</a> stage followed by a <a href="#tree-construction">tree
902: construction</a> stage. The output is a <code>Document</code>
903: object.</p>
904:
905: <p class="note">Implementations that <a href="infrastructure.html#non-scripted">do not
906: support scripting</a> do not have to actually create a DOM
907: <code>Document</code> object, but the DOM tree in such cases is
908: still used as the model for the rest of the specification.</p>
909:
910: <p>In the common case, the data handled by the tokenization stage
1.159 mike 911: comes from the network, but <a href="embedded-content-0.html#dynamic-markup-insertion" title="dynamic markup
912: insertion">it can also come from script</a>, e.g. using the <code title="dom-document-write"><a href="embedded-content-0.html#dom-document-write">document.write()</a></code> API.</p>
1.1 mike 913:
914: <p><img alt="" src="images/parsing-model-overview.png"></p>
915:
916: <p id="nestedParsing">There is only one set of states for the
917: tokenizer stage and the tree construction stage, but the tree
918: construction stage is reentrant, meaning that while the tree
919: construction stage is handling one token, the tokenizer might be
920: resumed, causing further tokens to be emitted and processed before
921: the first token's processing is complete.</p>
922:
923: <div class="example">
924:
925: <p>In the following example, the tree construction stage will be
926: called upon to handle a "p" start tag token while handling the
927: "script" start tag token:</p>
928:
929: <pre>...
930: <script>
931: document.write('<p>');
932: </script>
933: ...</pre>
934:
935: </div>
936:
937: <p>To handle these cases, parsers have a <dfn id="script-nesting-level">script nesting
938: level</dfn>, which must be initially set to zero, and a <dfn id="parser-pause-flag">parser
939: pause flag</dfn>, which must be initially set to false.</p>
940:
1.266 mike 941: </div><div class="impl">
1.1 mike 942:
943: <h4 id="the-input-stream"><span class="secno">9.2.2 </span>The <dfn>input stream</dfn></h4>
944:
945: <p>The stream of Unicode characters that comprises the input to the
946: tokenization stage will be initially seen by the user agent as a
947: stream of bytes (typically coming over the network or from the local
948: file system). The bytes encode the actual characters according to a
949: particular <em>character encoding</em>, which the user agent must
950: use to decode the bytes into characters.</p>
951:
952: <p class="note">For XML documents, the algorithm user agents must
953: use to determine the character encoding is given by the XML
1.104 mike 954: specification. This section does not apply to XML documents. <a href="references.html#refsXML">[XML]</a></p>
1.1 mike 955:
956:
1.168 mike 957: <h5 id="determining-the-character-encoding"><span class="secno">9.2.2.1 </span>Determining the character encoding</h5><p class="XXX annotation"><b>Status: </b><i>Working draft</i></p>
1.1 mike 958:
959: <p>In some cases, it might be impractical to unambiguously determine
960: the encoding before parsing the document. Because of this, this
961: specification provides for a two-pass mechanism with an optional
962: pre-scan. Implementations are allowed, as described below, to apply
963: a simplified parsing algorithm to whatever bytes they have available
964: before beginning to parse the document. Then, the real parser is
965: started, using a tentative encoding derived from this pre-parse and
966: other out-of-band metadata. If, while the document is being loaded,
967: the user agent discovers an encoding declaration that conflicts with
968: this information, then the parser can get reinvoked to perform a
969: parse of the document with the real encoding.</p>
970:
971: <p id="documentEncoding">User agents must use the following
972: algorithm (the <dfn id="encoding-sniffing-algorithm">encoding sniffing algorithm</dfn>) to determine
973: the character encoding to use when decoding a document in the first
974: pass. This algorithm takes as input any out-of-band metadata
975: available to the user agent (e.g. the <a href="infrastructure.html#content-type" title="Content-Type">Content-Type metadata</a> of the document)
976: and all the bytes available so far, and returns an encoding and a
977: <dfn id="concept-encoding-confidence" title="concept-encoding-confidence">confidence</dfn>. The
978: confidence is either <i>tentative</i>, <i>certain</i>, or
979: <i>irrelevant</i>. The encoding used, and whether the confidence in
980: that encoding is <i>tentative</i> or <i>certain</i>, is <a href="#meta-charset-during-parse">used during the parsing</a> to
981: determine whether to <a href="#change-the-encoding">change the encoding</a>. If no
982: encoding is necessary, e.g. because the parser is operating on a
983: stream of Unicode characters and doesn't have to use an encoding at
984: all, then the <a href="#concept-encoding-confidence" title="concept-encoding-confidence">confidence</a> is
985: <i>irrelevant</i>.</p>
986:
987: <ol><li><p>If the transport layer specifies an encoding, and it is
988: supported, return that encoding with the <a href="#concept-encoding-confidence" title="concept-encoding-confidence">confidence</a>
989: <i>certain</i>, and abort these steps.</p></li>
990:
991: <li><p>The user agent may wait for more bytes of the resource to be
992: available, either in this step or at any later step in this
993: algorithm. For instance, a user agent might wait 500ms or 512
994: bytes, whichever came first. In general preparsing the source to
995: find the encoding improves performance, as it reduces the need to
996: throw away the data structures used when parsing upon finding the
997: encoding information. However, if the user agent delays too long to
998: obtain data to determine the encoding, then the cost of the delay
999: could outweigh any performance improvements from the
1000: preparse.</p></li>
1001:
1002: <li><p>For each of the rows in the following table, starting with
1003: the first one and going down, if there are as many or more bytes
1004: available than the number of bytes in the first column, and the
1005: first bytes of the file match the bytes given in the first column,
1006: then return the encoding given in the cell in the second column of
1007: that row, with the <a href="#concept-encoding-confidence" title="concept-encoding-confidence">confidence</a>
1008: <i>certain</i>, and abort these steps:</p>
1009:
1010: <!-- this table is present in several forms in this file; keep them in sync -->
1011: <table><thead><tr><th>Bytes in Hexadecimal
1012: </th><th>Encoding
1013: </th></tr></thead><tbody><!-- nobody uses this
1014: <tr>
1015: <td>00 00 FE FF
1016: <td>UTF-32BE
1017: <tr>
1018: <td>FF FE 00 00
1019: <td>UTF-32LE
1020: --><tr><td>FE FF
1021: </td><td>UTF-16BE
1022: </td></tr><tr><td>FF FE
1023: </td><td>UTF-16LE
1024: </td></tr><tr><td>EF BB BF
1025: </td><td>UTF-8
1026: <!-- nobody uses this
1027: <tr>
1028: <td>DD 73 66 73
1029: <td>UTF-EBCDIC
1030: -->
1031: </td></tr></tbody></table><p class="note">This step looks for Unicode Byte Order Marks
1032: (BOMs).</p></li>
1033:
1034: <li><p>Otherwise, the user agent will have to search for explicit
1035: character encoding information in the file itself. This should
1036: proceed as follows:
1037:
1038: </p><p>Let <var title="">position</var> be a pointer to a byte in the
1039: input stream, initially pointing at the first byte. If at any
1040: point during these substeps the user agent either runs out of
1041: bytes or decides that scanning further bytes would not be
1042: efficient, then skip to the next step of the overall character
1043: encoding detection algorithm. User agents may decide that scanning
1044: <em>any</em> bytes is not efficient, in which case these substeps
1045: are entirely skipped.</p>
1046:
1047: <p>Now, repeat the following "two" steps until the algorithm
1048: aborts (either because user agent aborts, as described above, or
1049: because a character encoding is found):</p>
1050:
1051: <ol><li><p>If <var title="">position</var> points to:</p>
1052:
1053: <dl class="switch"><dt>A sequence of bytes starting with: 0x3C 0x21 0x2D 0x2D (ASCII '<!--')</dt>
1054: <dd>
1055:
1056: <p>Advance the <var title="">position</var> pointer so that it
1057: points at the first 0x3E byte which is preceded by two 0x2D
1058: bytes (i.e. at the end of an ASCII '-->' sequence) and comes
1059: after the 0x3C byte that was found. (The two 0x2D bytes can be
1060: the same as the those in the '<!--' sequence.)</p>
1061:
1062: </dd>
1063:
1064: <dt>A sequence of bytes starting with: 0x3C, 0x4D or 0x6D, 0x45 or 0x65, 0x54 or 0x74, 0x41 or 0x61, and finally one of 0x09, 0x0A, 0x0C, 0x0D, 0x20, 0x2F (case-insensitive ASCII '<meta' followed by a space or slash)</dt>
1065: <dd>
1066:
1067: <ol><li><p>Advance the <var title="">position</var> pointer so
1068: that it points at the next 0x09, 0x0A, 0x0C, 0x0D, 0x20, or
1069: 0x2F byte (the one in sequence of characters matched
1070: above).</p></li>
1071:
1072: <li><p><a href="#concept-get-attributes-when-sniffing" title="concept-get-attributes-when-sniffing">Get
1073: an attribute</a> and its value. If no attribute was
1074: sniffed, then skip this inner set of steps, and jump to the
1075: second step in the overall "two step" algorithm.</p></li>
1076:
1077: <li><p>If the attribute's name is neither "<code title="">charset</code>" nor "<code title="">content</code>",
1078: then return to step 2 in these inner steps.</p></li>
1079:
1080: <li><p>If the attribute's name is "<code title="">charset</code>", let <var title="">charset</var> be
1081: the attribute's value, interpreted as a character
1082: encoding.</p></li>
1083:
1084: <li><p>Otherwise, the attribute's name is "<code title="">content</code>": apply the <a href="infrastructure.html#algorithm-for-extracting-an-encoding-from-a-content-type">algorithm for
1085: extracting an encoding from a Content-Type</a>, giving the
1086: attribute's value as the string to parse. If an encoding is
1087: returned, let <var title="">charset</var> be that
1088: encoding. Otherwise, return to step 2 in these inner
1089: steps.</p></li>
1090:
1091: <li><p>If <var title="">charset</var> is a UTF-16 encoding,
1092: change the value of <var title="">charset</var> to
1093: UTF-8.</p></li>
1094:
1095: <li><p>If <var title="">charset</var> is a supported
1096: character encoding, then return the given encoding, with
1097: <a href="#concept-encoding-confidence" title="concept-encoding-confidence">confidence</a>
1098: <i>tentative</i>, and abort all these steps.</p></li>
1099:
1100: <li><p>Otherwise, return to step 2 in these inner
1101: steps.</p></li>
1102:
1103: </ol></dd>
1104:
1.464 mike 1105: <dt>A sequence of bytes starting with a 0x3C byte (ASCII <), optionally a 0x2F byte (ASCII /), and finally a byte in the range 0x41-0x5A or 0x61-0x7A (an ASCII letter)</dt>
1.1 mike 1106: <dd>
1107:
1108: <ol><li><p>Advance the <var title="">position</var> pointer so
1109: that it points at the next 0x09 (ASCII TAB), 0x0A (ASCII LF),
1110: 0x0C (ASCII FF), 0x0D (ASCII CR), 0x20 (ASCII space), or 0x3E
1.464 mike 1111: (ASCII >) byte.</p></li>
1.1 mike 1112:
1113: <li><p>Repeatedly <a href="#concept-get-attributes-when-sniffing" title="concept-get-attributes-when-sniffing">get an
1114: attribute</a> until no further attributes can be found,
1115: then jump to the second step in the overall "two step"
1116: algorithm.</p></li>
1117:
1118: </ol></dd>
1119:
1120: <dt>A sequence of bytes starting with: 0x3C 0x21 (ASCII '<!')</dt>
1121: <dt>A sequence of bytes starting with: 0x3C 0x2F (ASCII '</')</dt>
1122: <dt>A sequence of bytes starting with: 0x3C 0x3F (ASCII '<?')</dt>
1123: <dd>
1124:
1125: <p>Advance the <var title="">position</var> pointer so that it
1.464 mike 1126: points at the first 0x3E byte (ASCII >) that comes after the
1.1 mike 1127: 0x3C byte that was found.</p>
1128:
1129: </dd>
1130:
1131: <dt>Any other byte</dt>
1132: <dd>
1133:
1134: <p>Do nothing with that byte.</p>
1135:
1136: </dd>
1137:
1138: </dl></li>
1139:
1140: <li>Move <var title="">position</var> so it points at the next
1141: byte in the input stream, and return to the first step of this
1142: "two step" algorithm.</li>
1143:
1144: </ol><p>When the above "two step" algorithm says to <dfn id="concept-get-attributes-when-sniffing" title="concept-get-attributes-when-sniffing">get an
1145: attribute</dfn>, it means doing this:</p>
1146:
1147: <ol><li><p>If the byte at <var title="">position</var> is one of 0x09
1148: (ASCII TAB), 0x0A (ASCII LF), 0x0C (ASCII FF), 0x0D (ASCII CR),
1.464 mike 1149: 0x20 (ASCII space), or 0x2F (ASCII /) then advance <var title="">position</var> to the next byte and redo this
1.1 mike 1150: substep.</p></li>
1151:
1152: <li><p>If the byte at <var title="">position</var> is 0x3E (ASCII
1.464 mike 1153: >), then abort the "get an attribute" algorithm. There isn't
1.1 mike 1154: one.</p></li>
1155:
1156: <li><p>Otherwise, the byte at <var title="">position</var> is the
1157: start of the attribute name. Let <var title="">attribute
1158: name</var> and <var title="">attribute value</var> be the empty
1159: string.</p></li>
1160:
1161: <li><p><i>Attribute name</i>: Process the byte at <var title="">position</var> as follows:</p>
1162:
1.464 mike 1163: <dl class="switch"><dt>If it is 0x3D (ASCII =), and the <var title="">attribute
1.1 mike 1164: name</var> is longer than the empty string</dt>
1165:
1166: <dd>Advance <var title="">position</var> to the next byte and
1167: jump to the step below labeled <i>value</i>.</dd>
1168:
1169: <dt>If it is 0x09 (ASCII TAB), 0x0A (ASCII LF), 0x0C (ASCII
1170: FF), 0x0D (ASCII CR), or 0x20 (ASCII space)</dt>
1171:
1172: <dd>Jump to the step below labeled <i>spaces</i>.</dd>
1173:
1.464 mike 1174: <dt>If it is 0x2F (ASCII /) or 0x3E (ASCII >)</dt>
1.1 mike 1175:
1176: <dd>Abort the "get an attribute" algorithm. The attribute's
1177: name is the value of <var title="">attribute name</var>, its
1178: value is the empty string.</dd>
1179:
1.464 mike 1180: <dt>If it is in the range 0x41 (ASCII A) to 0x5A (ASCII
1181: Z)</dt>
1.1 mike 1182:
1183: <dd>Append the Unicode character with code point <span title=""><var title="">b</var>+0x20</span> to <var title="">attribute
1184: name</var> (where <var title="">b</var> is the value of the
1185: byte at <var title="">position</var>).</dd>
1186:
1187: <dt>Anything else</dt>
1188:
1189: <dd>Append the Unicode character with the same code point as the
1190: value of the byte at <var title="">position</var>) to <var title="">attribute name</var>. (It doesn't actually matter how
1191: bytes outside the ASCII range are handled here, since only
1192: ASCII characters can contribute to the detection of a character
1193: encoding.)</dd>
1194:
1195: </dl></li>
1196:
1197: <li><p>Advance <var title="">position</var> to the next byte and
1198: return to the previous step.</p></li>
1199:
1200: <li><p><i>Spaces</i>: If the byte at <var title="">position</var> is one of 0x09 (ASCII TAB), 0x0A (ASCII
1201: LF), 0x0C (ASCII FF), 0x0D (ASCII CR), or 0x20 (ASCII space) then
1202: advance <var title="">position</var> to the next byte, then,
1203: repeat this step.</p></li>
1204:
1205: <li><p>If the byte at <var title="">position</var> is
1.464 mike 1206: <em>not</em> 0x3D (ASCII =), abort the "get an attribute"
1.1 mike 1207: algorithm. The attribute's name is the value of <var title="">attribute name</var>, its value is the empty
1208: string.</p></li>
1209:
1210: <li><p>Advance <var title="">position</var> past the 0x3D (ASCII
1.464 mike 1211: =) byte.</p></li>
1.1 mike 1212:
1213: <li><p><i>Value:</i> If the byte at <var title="">position</var> is one of 0x09 (ASCII TAB), 0x0A (ASCII
1214: LF), 0x0C (ASCII FF), 0x0D (ASCII CR), or 0x20 (ASCII space) then
1215: advance <var title="">position</var> to the next byte, then,
1216: repeat this step.</p></li>
1217:
1218: <li><p>Process the byte at <var title="">position</var> as
1219: follows:</p>
1220:
1.464 mike 1221: <dl class="switch"><dt>If it is 0x22 (ASCII ") or 0x27 (ASCII ')</dt>
1.1 mike 1222:
1223: <dd>
1224:
1225: <ol><li>Let <var title="">b</var> be the value of the byte at
1226: <var title="">position</var>.</li>
1227:
1228: <li>Advance <var title="">position</var> to the next
1229: byte.</li>
1230:
1231: <li>If the value of the byte at <var title="">position</var>
1232: is the value of <var title="">b</var>, then advance <var title="">position</var> to the next byte and abort the "get
1233: an attribute" algorithm. The attribute's name is the value of
1234: <var title="">attribute name</var>, and its value is the
1235: value of <var title="">attribute value</var>.</li>
1236:
1.464 mike 1237: <li>Otherwise, if the value of the byte at <var title="">position</var> is in the range 0x41 (ASCII A) to
1238: 0x5A (ASCII Z), then append a Unicode character to <var title="">attribute value</var> whose code point is 0x20 more
1.1 mike 1239: than the value of the byte at <var title="">position</var>.</li>
1240:
1241: <li>Otherwise, append a Unicode character to <var title="">attribute value</var> whose code point is the same as
1242: the value of the byte at <var title="">position</var>.</li>
1243:
1244: <li>Return to the second step in these substeps.</li>
1245:
1246: </ol></dd>
1247:
1.464 mike 1248: <dt>If it is 0x3E (ASCII >)</dt>
1.1 mike 1249:
1250: <dd>Abort the "get an attribute" algorithm. The attribute's
1251: name is the value of <var title="">attribute name</var>, its
1252: value is the empty string.</dd>
1253:
1254:
1.464 mike 1255: <dt>If it is in the range 0x41 (ASCII A) to 0x5A (ASCII
1256: Z)</dt>
1.1 mike 1257:
1258: <dd>Append the Unicode character with code point <span title=""><var title="">b</var>+0x20</span> to <var title="">attribute
1259: value</var> (where <var title="">b</var> is the value of the
1260: byte at <var title="">position</var>). Advance <var title="">position</var> to the next byte.</dd>
1261:
1262: <dt>Anything else</dt>
1263:
1264: <dd>Append the Unicode character with the same code point as the
1265: value of the byte at <var title="">position</var>) to <var title="">attribute value</var>. Advance <var title="">position</var> to the next byte.</dd>
1266:
1267: </dl></li>
1268:
1269: <li><p>Process the byte at <var title="">position</var> as
1270: follows:</p>
1271:
1272: <dl class="switch"><dt>If it is 0x09 (ASCII TAB), 0x0A (ASCII LF), 0x0C (ASCII
1273: FF), 0x0D (ASCII CR), 0x20 (ASCII space), or 0x3E (ASCII
1.464 mike 1274: >)</dt>
1.1 mike 1275:
1276: <dd>Abort the "get an attribute" algorithm. The attribute's
1277: name is the value of <var title="">attribute name</var> and its
1278: value is the value of <var title="">attribute value</var>.</dd>
1279:
1.464 mike 1280: <dt>If it is in the range 0x41 (ASCII A) to 0x5A (ASCII
1281: Z)</dt>
1.1 mike 1282:
1283: <dd>Append the Unicode character with code point <span title=""><var title="">b</var>+0x20</span> to <var title="">attribute
1284: value</var> (where <var title="">b</var> is the value of the
1285: byte at <var title="">position</var>).</dd>
1286:
1287: <dt>Anything else</dt>
1288:
1289: <dd>Append the Unicode character with the same code point as the
1290: value of the byte at <var title="">position</var>) to <var title="">attribute value</var>.</dd>
1291:
1292: </dl></li>
1293:
1294: <li><p>Advance <var title="">position</var> to the next byte and
1295: return to the previous step.</p></li>
1296:
1297: </ol><p>For the sake of interoperability, user agents should not use a
1298: pre-scan algorithm that returns different results than the one
1299: described above. (But, if you do, please at least let us know, so
1300: that we can improve this algorithm and benefit everyone...)</p>
1301:
1302: </li>
1303:
1304: <li><p>If the user agent has information on the likely encoding for
1305: this page, e.g. based on the encoding of the page when it was last
1306: visited, then return that encoding, with the <a href="#concept-encoding-confidence" title="concept-encoding-confidence">confidence</a>
1307: <i>tentative</i>, and abort these steps.</p></li>
1308:
1.322 mike 1309: <li>
1310:
1311: <p>The user agent may attempt to autodetect the character encoding
1312: from applying frequency analysis or other algorithms to the data
1.568 mike 1313: stream. Such algorithms may use information about the resource
1314: other than the resource's contents, including the address of the
1315: resource. If autodetection succeeds in determining a character
1.322 mike 1316: encoding, then return that encoding, with the <a href="#concept-encoding-confidence" title="concept-encoding-confidence">confidence</a>
1317: <i>tentative</i>, and abort these steps. <a href="references.html#refsUNIVCHARDET">[UNIVCHARDET]</a></p>
1318:
1319: <p class="note">The UTF-8 encoding has a highly detectable bit
1320: pattern. Documents that contain bytes with values greater than
1321: 0x7F which match the UTF-8 pattern are very likely to be UTF-8,
1322: while documents with byte sequences that do not match it are very
1323: likely not. User-agents are therefore encouraged to search for
1.485 mike 1324: this common encoding. <a href="references.html#refsPPUTF8">[PPUTF8]</a> <a href="references.html#refsUTF8DET">[UTF8DET]</a></p>
1.322 mike 1325:
1326: </li>
1.1 mike 1327:
1.501 mike 1328: <li>
1329:
1330: <p>Otherwise, return an implementation-defined or user-specified
1331: default character encoding, with the <a href="#concept-encoding-confidence" title="concept-encoding-confidence">confidence</a>
1332: <i>tentative</i>.</p>
1333:
1334: <p>In controlled environments or in environments where the
1335: encoding of documents can be prescribed (for example, for user
1336: agents intended for dedicated use in new networks), the
1337: comprehensive <code title="">UTF-8</code> encoding is
1338: suggested.</p>
1339:
1340: <p>In other environments, the default encoding is typically
1341: dependent on the user's locale (an approximation of the languages,
1342: and thus typically encodings, of the pages that the user is likely
1343: to frequent). The following table gives suggested defaults based
1.504 mike 1344: on the user's locale, for compatibility with legacy
1345: content. Locales are identified by BCP 47 language codes. <a href="references.html#refsBCP47">[BCP47]</a></p>
1.501 mike 1346:
1347: <!-- based on mozilla 1.9.1 localizations:
1348: http://mxr.mozilla.org/l10n-mozilla1.9.1/find?string=global%2Fintl.properties&tree=l10n-mozilla1.9.1&hint= -->
1349:
1.504 mike 1350: <table><thead><tr><th>Locale language
1.501 mike 1351: </th><th>Suggested default encoding
1352: </th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>ar
1353: </td><td>UTF-8
1354:
1355: </td></tr><tr><td>be
1356: </td><td>ISO-8859-5
1357:
1358: </td></tr><tr><td>bg
1359: </td><td>windows-1251
1360:
1361: </td></tr><tr><td>cs<!-- -CZ -->
1362: </td><td>ISO-8859-2
1363:
1364: </td></tr><tr><td>cy
1365: </td><td>UTF-8
1366:
1367: </td></tr><tr><td>fa<!-- -IR -->
1368: </td><td>UTF-8
1369:
1370: </td></tr><tr><td>he<!-- -IL -->
1371: </td><td>windows-1255
1372:
1373: </td></tr><tr><td>hr
1374: </td><td>UTF-8
1375:
1376: </td></tr><tr><td>hu<!-- -HU -->
1377: </td><td>ISO-8859-2
1378:
1379: </td></tr><tr><td>ja <!-- and ja-JP-mac -->
1380: </td><td>windows-31J <!-- Shift_JIS -->
1381:
1382: </td></tr><tr><td>kk
1383: </td><td>UTF-8
1384:
1385: </td></tr><tr><td>ko<!-- -KR -->
1386: </td><td>windows-949 <!-- EUC-KR -->
1387:
1388: </td></tr><tr><td>ku
1389: </td><td>windows-1254 <!-- ISO-8859-9 -->
1390:
1391: </td></tr><tr><td>lt
1392: </td><td>windows-1257
1393:
1394: </td></tr><tr><td>lv<!-- -LV -->
1395: </td><td>ISO-8859-13
1396:
1397: </td></tr><tr><td>mk<!-- -MK -->
1398: </td><td>UTF-8
1399:
1400: </td></tr><tr><td>or
1401: </td><td>UTF-8
1402:
1403: </td></tr><tr><td>pl<!-- -PL -->
1404: </td><td>ISO-8859-2
1405:
1406: </td></tr><tr><td>ro
1407: </td><td>UTF-8
1408:
1409: </td></tr><tr><td>ru
1410: </td><td>windows-1251
1411:
1412: </td></tr><tr><td>sk
1413: </td><td>windows-1250
1414:
1415: </td></tr><tr><td>sl
1416: </td><td>ISO-8859-2
1417:
1418: </td></tr><tr><td>sr
1419: </td><td>UTF-8
1420:
1421: </td></tr><tr><td>th
1422: </td><td>windows-874 <!-- TIS-620 -->
1423:
1424: </td></tr><tr><td>tr<!-- -TR -->
1425: </td><td>windows-1254 <!-- ISO-8859-9 -->
1426:
1.503 mike 1427: </td></tr><tr><td>uk
1.501 mike 1428: </td><td>windows-1251
1429:
1430: </td></tr><tr><td>vi
1431: </td><td>UTF-8
1432:
1433: </td></tr><tr><td>zh-CN
1434: </td><td>GB18030
1435:
1436: </td></tr><tr><td>zh-TW
1437: </td><td>Big5
1438:
1439: </td></tr><tr><td>All other locales
1440: </td><td>windows-1252
1441:
1442: </td></tr></tbody></table></li>
1.1 mike 1443:
1444: </ol><p>The <a href="dom.html#document-s-character-encoding">document's character encoding</a> must immediately
1445: be set to the value returned from this algorithm, at the same time
1446: as the user agent uses the returned value to select the decoder to
1447: use for the input stream.</p>
1448:
1.582 mike 1449: <p class="note">This algorithm is a <a href="introduction.html#willful-violation">willful violation</a>
1450: of the HTTP specification, which requires that the encoding be
1451: assumed to be ISO-8859-1 in the absence of a <a href="semantics.html#character-encoding-declaration">character
1452: encoding declaration</a> to the contrary, and of the RFC 2046,
1453: which requires that the encoding be assumed to be US-ASCII in the
1454: absence of a <a href="semantics.html#character-encoding-declaration">character encoding declaration</a> to the
1455: contrary. This specification's third approach is motivated by a
1456: desire to be maximally compatible with legacy content. <a href="references.html#refsHTTP">[HTTP]</a> <a href="references.html#refsRFC2046">[RFC2046]</a></p>
1457:
1.1 mike 1458:
1.237 mike 1459: <h5 id="character-encodings-0"><span class="secno">9.2.2.2 </span>Character encodings</h5><p class="XXX annotation"><b>Status: </b><i>Working draft</i></p>
1.1 mike 1460:
1.237 mike 1461: <p>User agents must at a minimum support the UTF-8 and Windows-1252
1462: encodings, but may support more.</p>
1463:
1464: <p class="note">It is not unusual for Web browsers to support dozens
1465: if not upwards of a hundred distinct character encodings.</p>
1466:
1.365 mike 1467: <p>User agents must support the <a href="infrastructure.html#preferred-mime-name">preferred MIME name</a> of
1468: every character encoding they support, and should support all the
1469: IANA-registered names and aliases of every character encoding they
1470: support. <a href="references.html#refsIANACHARSET">[IANACHARSET]</a></p>
1.237 mike 1471:
1472: <p>When comparing a string specifying a character encoding with the
1473: name or alias of a character encoding to determine if they are
1474: equal, user agents must remove any leading or trailing <a href="infrastructure.html#space-character" title="space character">space characters</a> in both names, and
1475: then perform the comparison in an <a href="infrastructure.html#ascii-case-insensitive">ASCII
1476: case-insensitive</a> manner.</p>
1477:
1.539 mike 1478: <hr><p>When a user agent would otherwise use an encoding given in the
1.237 mike 1479: first column of the following table to either convert content to
1480: Unicode characters or convert Unicode characters to bytes, it must
1481: instead use the encoding given in the cell in the second column of
1482: the same row. When a byte or sequence of bytes is treated
1483: differently due to this encoding aliasing, it is said to have been
1484: <dfn id="misinterpreted-for-compatibility">misinterpreted for compatibility</dfn>.</p>
1485:
1486: <table><caption>Character encoding overrides</caption>
1487: <thead><tr><th> Input encoding </th><th> Replacement encoding </th><th> References
1488: </th></tr></thead><tbody><!-- how about EUC-JP? --><tr><td> EUC-KR </td><td> windows-949 </td><td>
1489: <a href="references.html#refsEUCKR">[EUCKR]</a>
1490: <a href="references.html#refsWIN949">[WIN949]</a>
1491: </td></tr><tr><td> GB2312 </td><td> GBK </td><td>
1492: <a href="references.html#refsRFC1345">[RFC1345]</a>
1493: <a href="references.html#refsGBK">[GBK]</a>
1494: </td></tr><tr><td> GB_2312-80 </td><td> GBK </td><td>
1495: <a href="references.html#refsRFC1345">[RFC1345]</a>
1496: <a href="references.html#refsGBK">[GBK]</a>
1497: </td></tr><tr><td> ISO-8859-1 </td><td> windows-1252 </td><td>
1498: <a href="references.html#refsRFC1345">[RFC1345]</a>
1499: <a href="references.html#refsWIN1252">[WIN1252]</a>
1500: </td></tr><tr><td> ISO-8859-9 </td><td> windows-1254 </td><td>
1501: <a href="references.html#refsRFC1345">[RFC1345]</a>
1502: <a href="references.html#refsWIN1254">[WIN1254]</a>
1503: </td></tr><tr><td> ISO-8859-11 </td><td> windows-874 </td><td>
1504: <a href="references.html#refsISO885911">[ISO885911]</a>
1505: <a href="references.html#refsWIN874">[WIN874]</a>
1506: </td></tr><tr><td> KS_C_5601-1987 </td><td> windows-949 </td><td>
1507: <a href="references.html#refsRFC1345">[RFC1345]</a>
1508: <a href="references.html#refsWIN949">[WIN949]</a>
1509: </td></tr><tr><td> Shift_JIS </td><td> windows-31J </td><td>
1510: <a href="references.html#refsSHIFTJIS">[SHIFTJIS]</a>
1511: <a href="references.html#refsWIN31J">[WIN31J]</a>
1512: </td></tr><tr><td> TIS-620 </td><td> windows-874 </td><td>
1513: <a href="references.html#refsTIS620">[TIS620]</a>
1514: <a href="references.html#refsWIN874">[WIN874]</a>
1515: </td></tr><tr><td> US-ASCII </td><td> windows-1252 </td><td>
1516: <a href="references.html#refsRFC1345">[RFC1345]</a>
1517: <a href="references.html#refsWIN1252">[WIN1252]</a>
1518: </td></tr></tbody></table><p class="note">The requirement to treat certain encodings as other
1519: encodings according to the table above is a <a href="introduction.html#willful-violation">willful
1520: violation</a> of the W3C Character Model specification, motivated
1521: by a desire for compatibility with legacy content. <a href="references.html#refsCHARMOD">[CHARMOD]</a></p>
1522:
1523: <p>When a user agent is to use the UTF-16 encoding but no BOM has
1524: been found, user agents must default to UTF-16LE.</p>
1525:
1526: <p class="note">The requirement to default UTF-16 to LE rather than
1527: BE is a <a href="introduction.html#willful-violation">willful violation</a> of RFC 2781, motivated by a
1.581 mike 1528: desire for compatibility with legacy content. <a href="references.html#refsRFC2781">[RFC2781]</a></p>
1.237 mike 1529:
1530: <hr><p>User agents must not support the CESU-8, UTF-7, BOCU-1 and SCSU
1531: encodings. <a href="references.html#refsCESU8">[CESU8]</a> <a href="references.html#refsUTF7">[UTF7]</a> <a href="references.html#refsBOCU1">[BOCU1]</a> <a href="references.html#refsSCSU">[SCSU]</a></p>
1532:
1533: <p>Support for encodings based on EBCDIC is not recommended. This
1534: encoding is rarely used for publicly-facing Web content.</p>
1535:
1536: <p>Support for UTF-32 is not recommended. This encoding is rarely
1537: used, and frequently implemented incorrectly.</p>
1538:
1539: <p class="note">This specification does not make any attempt to
1540: support EBCDIC-based encodings and UTF-32 in its algorithms; support
1541: and use of these encodings can thus lead to unexpected behavior in
1542: implementations of this specification.</p>
1543:
1544:
1545:
1546: <h5 id="preprocessing-the-input-stream"><span class="secno">9.2.2.3 </span>Preprocessing the input stream</h5>
1.1 mike 1547:
1548: <p>Given an encoding, the bytes in the input stream must be
1549: converted to Unicode characters for the tokenizer, as described by
1550: the rules for that encoding, except that the leading U+FEFF BYTE
1551: ORDER MARK character, if any, must not be stripped by the encoding
1552: layer (it is stripped by the rule below).</p> <!-- this is to
1553: prevent two leading BOMs from being both stripped, once by the
1554: decoder, and once by the parser -->
1555:
1556: <p>Bytes or sequences of bytes in the original byte stream that
1.393 mike 1557: could not be converted to Unicode code points must be converted to
1558: U+FFFD REPLACEMENT CHARACTERs.</p>
1.1 mike 1559:
1560: <p class="note">Bytes or sequences of bytes in the original byte
1561: stream that did not conform to the encoding specification
1562: (e.g. invalid UTF-8 byte sequences in a UTF-8 input stream) are
1563: errors that conformance checkers are expected to report.</p>
1564:
1.438 mike 1565: <p>Any byte or sequence of bytes in the original byte stream that is
1566: <a href="#misinterpreted-for-compatibility">misinterpreted for compatibility</a> is a <a href="#parse-error">parse
1.1 mike 1567: error</a>.</p>
1568:
1569: <p>One leading U+FEFF BYTE ORDER MARK character must be ignored if
1570: any are present.</p>
1571:
1.300 mike 1572: <p class="note">The requirement to strip a U+FEFF BYTE ORDER MARK
1573: character regardless of whether that character was used to determine
1574: the byte order is a <a href="introduction.html#willful-violation">willful violation</a> of Unicode,
1575: motivated by a desire to increase the resilience of user agents in
1576: the face of naïve transcoders.</p>
1577:
1.316 mike 1578: <p>All U+0000 NULL characters and code points in the range U+D800 to
1.315 mike 1579: U+DFFF<!-- surrogates not allowed e.g. in UTF-8, and we don't want
1580: them to suddenly turn into codepoints when they go through a UTF-16
1581: pipe --> in the input must be replaced by U+FFFD REPLACEMENT
1.316 mike 1582: CHARACTERs. Any occurrences of such characters and code points are
1583: <a href="#parse-error" title="parse error">parse errors</a>.</p>
1.1 mike 1584:
1585: <p>Any occurrences of any characters in the ranges U+0001 to U+0008,
1586: <!-- HT, LF allowed --> <!-- U+000B is in the next list --> <!-- FF,
1587: CR allowed --> U+000E to U+001F, <!-- ASCII allowed --> U+007F
1.315 mike 1588: <!--to U+0084, (U+0085 NEL not allowed), U+0086--> to U+009F, U+FDD0
1589: to U+FDEF, and characters U+000B, U+FFFE, U+FFFF, U+1FFFE, U+1FFFF,
1590: U+2FFFE, U+2FFFF, U+3FFFE, U+3FFFF, U+4FFFE, U+4FFFF, U+5FFFE,
1591: U+5FFFF, U+6FFFE, U+6FFFF, U+7FFFE, U+7FFFF, U+8FFFE, U+8FFFF,
1592: U+9FFFE, U+9FFFF, U+AFFFE, U+AFFFF, U+BFFFE, U+BFFFF, U+CFFFE,
1593: U+CFFFF, U+DFFFE, U+DFFFF, U+EFFFE, U+EFFFF, U+FFFFE, U+FFFFF,
1594: U+10FFFE, and U+10FFFF are <a href="#parse-error" title="parse error">parse
1.316 mike 1595: errors</a>. These are all control characters or permanently
1596: undefined Unicode characters (noncharacters).</p>
1.1 mike 1597:
1598: <p>U+000D CARRIAGE RETURN (CR) characters and U+000A LINE FEED (LF)
1599: characters are treated specially. Any CR characters that are
1600: followed by LF characters must be removed, and any CR characters not
1601: followed by LF characters must be converted to LF characters. Thus,
1602: newlines in HTML DOMs are represented by LF characters, and there
1603: are never any CR characters in the input to the
1604: <a href="#tokenization">tokenization</a> stage.</p>
1605:
1606: <p>The <dfn id="next-input-character">next input character</dfn> is the first character in the
1607: input stream that has not yet been <dfn id="consumed">consumed</dfn>. Initially,
1608: the <i><a href="#next-input-character">next input character</a></i> is the first character in the
1609: input. The <dfn id="current-input-character">current input character</dfn> is the last character
1610: to have been <i><a href="#consumed">consumed</a></i>.</p>
1611:
1612: <p>The <dfn id="insertion-point">insertion point</dfn> is the position (just before a
1613: character or just before the end of the input stream) where content
1.159 mike 1614: inserted using <code title="dom-document-write"><a href="embedded-content-0.html#dom-document-write">document.write()</a></code> is actually
1.1 mike 1615: inserted. The insertion point is relative to the position of the
1616: character immediately after it, it is not an absolute offset into
1617: the input stream. Initially, the insertion point is
1.10 mike 1618: undefined.</p>
1.1 mike 1619:
1620: <p>The "EOF" character in the tables below is a conceptual character
1621: representing the end of the <a href="#the-input-stream">input stream</a>. If the parser
1.159 mike 1622: is a <a href="embedded-content-0.html#script-created-parser">script-created parser</a>, then the end of the
1.1 mike 1623: <a href="#the-input-stream">input stream</a> is reached when an <dfn id="explicit-eof-character">explicit "EOF"
1.159 mike 1624: character</dfn> (inserted by the <code title="dom-document-close"><a href="embedded-content-0.html#dom-document-close">document.close()</a></code> method) is
1.1 mike 1625: consumed. Otherwise, the "EOF" character is not a real character in
1626: the stream, but rather the lack of any further characters.</p>
1627:
1628:
1.237 mike 1629: <h5 id="changing-the-encoding-while-parsing"><span class="secno">9.2.2.4 </span>Changing the encoding while parsing</h5>
1.1 mike 1630:
1631: <p>When the parser requires the user agent to <dfn id="change-the-encoding">change the
1632: encoding</dfn>, it must run the following steps. This might happen
1633: if the <a href="#encoding-sniffing-algorithm">encoding sniffing algorithm</a> described above
1634: failed to find an encoding, or if it found an encoding that was not
1635: the actual encoding of the file.</p>
1636:
1637: <ol><li>If the new encoding is identical or equivalent to the encoding
1638: that is already being used to interpret the input stream, then set
1639: the <a href="#concept-encoding-confidence" title="concept-encoding-confidence">confidence</a> to
1640: <i>certain</i> and abort these steps. This happens when the
1641: encoding information found in the file matches what the
1642: <a href="#encoding-sniffing-algorithm">encoding sniffing algorithm</a> determined to be the
1643: encoding, and in the second pass through the parser if the first
1644: pass found that the encoding sniffing algorithm described in the
1645: earlier section failed to find the right encoding.</li>
1646:
1647: <li>If the encoding that is already being used to interpret the
1648: input stream is a UTF-16 encoding, then set the <a href="#concept-encoding-confidence" title="concept-encoding-confidence">confidence</a> to
1649: <i>certain</i> and abort these steps. The new encoding is ignored;
1650: if it was anything but the same encoding, then it would be clearly
1651: incorrect.</li>
1652:
1653: <li>If the new encoding is a UTF-16 encoding, change it to
1654: UTF-8.</li>
1655:
1656: <li>If all the bytes up to the last byte converted by the current
1657: decoder have the same Unicode interpretations in both the current
1658: encoding and the new encoding, and if the user agent supports
1659: changing the converter on the fly, then the user agent may change
1660: to the new converter for the encoding on the fly. Set the
1661: <a href="dom.html#document-s-character-encoding">document's character encoding</a> and the encoding used to
1662: convert the input stream to the new encoding, set the <a href="#concept-encoding-confidence" title="concept-encoding-confidence">confidence</a> to
1663: <i>certain</i>, and abort these steps.</li>
1664:
1665: <li>Otherwise, <a href="history.html#navigate">navigate</a> to the document again, with
1666: <a href="history.html#replacement-enabled">replacement enabled</a>, and using the same <a href="history.html#source-browsing-context">source
1667: browsing context</a>, but this time skip the <a href="#encoding-sniffing-algorithm">encoding
1668: sniffing algorithm</a> and instead just set the encoding to the
1669: new encoding and the <a href="#concept-encoding-confidence" title="concept-encoding-confidence">confidence</a> to
1670: <i>certain</i>. Whenever possible, this should be done without
1671: actually contacting the network layer (the bytes should be
1672: re-parsed from memory), even if, e.g., the document is marked as
1673: not being cacheable. If this is not possible and contacting the
1674: network layer would involve repeating a request that uses a method
1675: other than HTTP GET (<a href="infrastructure.html#concept-http-equivalent-get" title="concept-http-equivalent-get">or
1676: equivalent</a> for non-HTTP URLs), then instead set the <a href="#concept-encoding-confidence" title="concept-encoding-confidence">confidence</a> to
1677: <i>certain</i> and ignore the new encoding. The resource will be
1678: misinterpreted. User agents may notify the user of the situation,
1679: to aid in application development.</li>
1680:
1.266 mike 1681: </ol></div><div class="impl">
1682:
1683: <h4 id="parse-state"><span class="secno">9.2.3 </span>Parse state</h4>
1.1 mike 1684:
1685: <h5 id="the-insertion-mode"><span class="secno">9.2.3.1 </span>The insertion mode</h5>
1686:
1687: <p>The <dfn id="insertion-mode">insertion mode</dfn> is a state variable that controls
1688: the primary operation of the tree construction stage.</p>
1689:
1690: <p>Initially, the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> is "<a href="#the-initial-insertion-mode" title="insertion mode: initial">initial</a>". It can change to
1691: "<a href="#the-before-html-insertion-mode" title="insertion mode: before html">before html</a>",
1692: "<a href="#the-before-head-insertion-mode" title="insertion mode: before head">before head</a>",
1693: "<a href="#parsing-main-inhead" title="insertion mode: in head">in head</a>", "<a href="#parsing-main-inheadnoscript" title="insertion mode: in head noscript">in head noscript</a>",
1.540 mike 1694: "<a href="#the-after-head-insertion-mode" title="insertion mode: after head">after head</a>", "<a href="#parsing-main-inbody" title="insertion mode: in body">in body</a>", "<a href="#parsing-main-incdata" title="insertion mode: text">text</a>",
1.1 mike 1695: "<a href="#parsing-main-intable" title="insertion mode: in table">in table</a>", "<a href="#parsing-main-intabletext" title="insertion mode: in table text">in table text</a>", "<a href="#parsing-main-incaption" title="insertion mode: in caption">in caption</a>", "<a href="#parsing-main-incolgroup" title="insertion mode: in column group">in column group</a>",
1696: "<a href="#parsing-main-intbody" title="insertion mode: in table body">in table body</a>",
1697: "<a href="#parsing-main-intr" title="insertion mode: in row">in row</a>", "<a href="#parsing-main-intd" title="insertion mode: in cell">in cell</a>", "<a href="#parsing-main-inselect" title="insertion mode: in select">in select</a>", "<a href="#parsing-main-inselectintable" title="insertion mode: in select in table">in select in
1698: table</a>", "<a href="#parsing-main-inforeign" title="insertion mode: in foreign content">in
1699: foreign content</a>", "<a href="#parsing-main-afterbody" title="insertion mode: after
1700: body">after body</a>", "<a href="#parsing-main-inframeset" title="insertion mode: in
1701: frameset">in frameset</a>", "<a href="#parsing-main-afterframeset" title="insertion mode: after
1702: frameset">after frameset</a>", "<a href="#the-after-after-body-insertion-mode" title="insertion mode:
1703: after after body">after after body</a>", and "<a href="#the-after-after-frameset-insertion-mode" title="insertion mode: after after frameset">after after
1704: frameset</a>" during the course of the parsing, as described in
1705: the <a href="#tree-construction">tree construction</a> stage. The insertion mode affects
1706: how tokens are processed and whether CDATA sections are
1707: supported.</p>
1708:
1709: <p>Seven of these modes, namely "<a href="#parsing-main-inhead" title="insertion mode: in
1710: head">in head</a>", "<a href="#parsing-main-inbody" title="insertion mode: in body">in
1711: body</a>", "<a href="#parsing-main-intable" title="insertion mode: in table">in
1712: table</a>", "<a href="#parsing-main-intbody" title="insertion mode: in table body">in table
1713: body</a>", "<a href="#parsing-main-intr" title="insertion mode: in row">in row</a>",
1714: "<a href="#parsing-main-intd" title="insertion mode: in cell">in cell</a>", and "<a href="#parsing-main-inselect" title="insertion mode: in select">in select</a>", are special, in
1715: that the other modes defer to them at various times. When the
1716: algorithm below says that the user agent is to do something
1717: "<dfn id="using-the-rules-for">using the rules for</dfn> the <var title="">m</var> insertion
1718: mode", where <var title="">m</var> is one of these modes, the user
1719: agent must use the rules described under the <var title="">m</var>
1720: <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a>'s section, but must leave the
1721: <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> unchanged unless the rules in <var title="">m</var> themselves switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a>
1722: to a new value.</p>
1723:
1724: <p>When the insertion mode is switched to "<a href="#parsing-main-incdata" title="insertion
1.540 mike 1725: mode: text">text</a>" or "<a href="#parsing-main-intabletext" title="insertion mode: in table
1726: text">in table text</a>", the <dfn id="original-insertion-mode">original insertion mode</dfn>
1727: is also set. This is the insertion mode to which the tree
1728: construction stage will return.</p>
1.1 mike 1729:
1730: <p>When the insertion mode is switched to "<a href="#parsing-main-inforeign" title="insertion
1731: mode: in foreign content">in foreign content</a>", the
1732: <dfn id="secondary-insertion-mode">secondary insertion mode</dfn> is also set. This secondary mode
1733: is used within the rules for the "<a href="#parsing-main-inforeign" title="insertion mode: in
1734: foreign content">in foreign content</a>" mode to handle HTML
1735: (i.e. not foreign) content.</p>
1736:
1737: <hr><p>When the steps below require the UA to <dfn id="reset-the-insertion-mode-appropriately">reset the insertion
1738: mode appropriately</dfn>, it means the UA must follow these
1739: steps:</p>
1740:
1741: <ol><li>Let <var title="">last</var> be false.</li>
1742:
1743: <li>Let <var title="">node</var> be the last node in the
1744: <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a>.</li>
1745:
1746: <li>If <var title="">node</var> is the first node in the stack of
1747: open elements, then set <var title="">last</var> to true and set
1748: <var title="">node</var> to the <var title="">context</var>
1749: element. (<a href="#fragment-case">fragment case</a>)</li>
1750:
1751: <li>If <var title="">node</var> is a <code><a href="forms.html#the-select-element">select</a></code> element,
1752: then switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to "<a href="#parsing-main-inselect" title="insertion mode: in select">in select</a>" and abort these
1753: steps. (<a href="#fragment-case">fragment case</a>)</li>
1754:
1755: <li>If <var title="">node</var> is a <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-td-element">td</a></code> or
1756: <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-th-element">th</a></code> element and <var title="">last</var> is false, then
1757: switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to "<a href="#parsing-main-intd" title="insertion
1758: mode: in cell">in cell</a>" and abort these steps.</li>
1759:
1760: <li>If <var title="">node</var> is a <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tr-element">tr</a></code> element, then
1761: switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to "<a href="#parsing-main-intr" title="insertion
1762: mode: in row">in row</a>" and abort these steps.</li>
1763:
1764: <li>If <var title="">node</var> is a <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tbody-element">tbody</a></code>,
1765: <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-thead-element">thead</a></code>, or <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tfoot-element">tfoot</a></code> element, then switch the
1766: <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to "<a href="#parsing-main-intbody" title="insertion mode: in
1767: table body">in table body</a>" and abort these steps.</li>
1768:
1769: <li>If <var title="">node</var> is a <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-caption-element">caption</a></code> element,
1770: then switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to "<a href="#parsing-main-incaption" title="insertion mode: in caption">in caption</a>" and abort
1771: these steps.</li>
1772:
1773: <li>If <var title="">node</var> is a <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-colgroup-element">colgroup</a></code> element,
1774: then switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to "<a href="#parsing-main-incolgroup" title="insertion mode: in column group">in column group</a>" and
1775: abort these steps. (<a href="#fragment-case">fragment case</a>)</li>
1776:
1777: <li>If <var title="">node</var> is a <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-table-element">table</a></code> element,
1778: then switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to "<a href="#parsing-main-intable" title="insertion mode: in table">in table</a>" and abort these
1779: steps.</li>
1780:
1781: <li>If <var title="">node</var> is an element from the <a href="#mathml-namespace">MathML
1782: namespace</a> or the <a href="#svg-namespace">SVG namespace</a>, then switch the
1783: <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to "<a href="#parsing-main-inforeign" title="insertion mode: in
1784: foreign content">in foreign content</a>", let the
1785: <a href="#secondary-insertion-mode">secondary insertion mode</a> be "<a href="#parsing-main-inbody" title="insertion
1786: mode: in body">in body</a>", and abort these steps.</li>
1787:
1.159 mike 1788: <li>If <var title="">node</var> is a <code><a href="semantics.html#the-head-element-0">head</a></code> element,
1.1 mike 1789: then switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to "<a href="#parsing-main-inbody" title="insertion mode: in body">in body</a>" ("<a href="#parsing-main-inbody" title="insertion mode: in body">in body</a>"! <em> not "<a href="#parsing-main-inhead" title="insertion mode: in head">in head</a>"</em>!) and abort
1790: these steps. (<a href="#fragment-case">fragment case</a>)</li> <!-- This is only
1791: here for now in case people think that the spec accidentally
1792: omitted it and try to "fix" it. Note that noscript-in-head is also
1793: handled this way. This is all intentional. The only thing it
1794: doesn't handle is the scripting-disabled fragment parsing case for
1795: a <head> element containing a <noscript> which itself contains
1796: something other than a <link> or a <style> element; you'd expect
1797: that to break out of the <noscript> but it doesn't. This is an edge
1798: case that doesn't affect the spec, since the algorithm for fragment
1799: parsing is only used for innerHTML/outerHTML/insertAdjacentHTML(),
1.333 mike 1800: where we know scripting is enabled. -->
1.1 mike 1801:
1.159 mike 1802: <li>If <var title="">node</var> is a <code><a href="semantics.html#the-body-element-0">body</a></code> element,
1.1 mike 1803: then switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to "<a href="#parsing-main-inbody" title="insertion mode: in body">in body</a>" and abort these
1804: steps.</li>
1805:
1.5 mike 1806: <li>If <var title="">node</var> is a <code><a href="obsolete.html#frameset">frameset</a></code> element,
1.1 mike 1807: then switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to "<a href="#parsing-main-inframeset" title="insertion mode: in frameset">in frameset</a>" and abort
1808: these steps. (<a href="#fragment-case">fragment case</a>)</li>
1809:
1.159 mike 1810: <li>If <var title="">node</var> is an <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element-0">html</a></code> element,
1.333 mike 1811: then <!--: if the <span><code title="">head</code> element
1812: pointer</span> is null,--> switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a>
1813: to "<a href="#the-before-head-insertion-mode" title="insertion mode: before head">before
1814: head</a>"<!--, otherwise, switch the <span>insertion mode</span>
1815: to "<span title="insertion mode: after head">after head</span>".-->
1816: Then, <!-- in either case, --> abort these steps. (<a href="#fragment-case">fragment
1817: case</a>)</li> <!-- if the head element pointer can ever be
1818: non-null when we're going through these steps, we'll need to
1819: uncomment out the commented-out bits -->
1.1 mike 1820:
1821: <li>If <var title="">last</var> is true, then switch the
1822: <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to "<a href="#parsing-main-inbody" title="insertion mode: in
1823: body">in body</a>" and abort these steps. (<a href="#fragment-case">fragment
1824: case</a>)</li>
1825:
1826: <li>Let <var title="">node</var> now be the node before <var title="">node</var> in the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open
1827: elements</a>.</li>
1828:
1829: <li>Return to step 3.</li>
1830:
1831: </ol><h5 id="the-stack-of-open-elements"><span class="secno">9.2.3.2 </span>The stack of open elements</h5>
1832:
1833: <p>Initially, the <dfn id="stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</dfn> is empty. The
1834: stack grows downwards; the topmost node on the stack is the first
1835: one added to the stack, and the bottommost node of the stack is the
1836: most recently added node in the stack (notwithstanding when the
1837: stack is manipulated in a random access fashion as part of <a href="#adoptionAgency">the handling for misnested tags</a>).</p>
1838:
1839: <p>The "<a href="#the-before-html-insertion-mode" title="insertion mode: before html">before
1840: html</a>" <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> creates the
1.159 mike 1841: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element-0">html</a></code> root element node, which is then added to the
1.1 mike 1842: stack.</p>
1843:
1844: <p>In the <a href="#fragment-case">fragment case</a>, the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open
1.159 mike 1845: elements</a> is initialized to contain an <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element-0">html</a></code>
1.1 mike 1846: element that is created as part of <a href="#html-fragment-parsing-algorithm" title="html fragment
1847: parsing algorithm">that algorithm</a>. (The <a href="#fragment-case">fragment
1848: case</a> skips the "<a href="#the-before-html-insertion-mode" title="insertion mode: before
1849: html">before html</a>" <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a>.)</p>
1850:
1.159 mike 1851: <p>The <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element-0">html</a></code> node, however it is created, is the topmost
1.1 mike 1852: node of the stack. It never gets popped off the stack.</p>
1853:
1854: <p>The <dfn id="current-node">current node</dfn> is the bottommost node in this
1855: stack.</p>
1856:
1857: <p>The <dfn id="current-table">current table</dfn> is the last <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-table-element">table</a></code>
1858: element in the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a>, if there is
1859: one. If there is no <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-table-element">table</a></code> element in the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of
1860: open elements</a> (<a href="#fragment-case">fragment case</a>), then the
1861: <a href="#current-table">current table</a> is the first element in the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack
1.159 mike 1862: of open elements</a> (the <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element-0">html</a></code> element).</p>
1.1 mike 1863:
1864: <p>Elements in the stack fall into the following categories:</p>
1865:
1866: <dl><dt><dfn id="special">Special</dfn></dt>
1867:
1868: <dd><p>The following HTML elements have varying levels of special
1869: parsing rules: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-address-element">address</a></code>, <code><a href="the-canvas-element.html#the-area-element">area</a></code>,
1870: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-article-element">article</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-aside-element">aside</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-base-element">base</a></code>,
1.5 mike 1871: <code><a href="obsolete.html#basefont">basefont</a></code>, <code>bgsound</code>,
1.159 mike 1872: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-blockquote-element">blockquote</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-body-element-0">body</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-br-element">br</a></code>,
1.5 mike 1873: <code><a href="obsolete.html#center">center</a></code>, <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-col-element">col</a></code>, <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-colgroup-element">colgroup</a></code>,
1.86 mike 1874: <code><a href="interactive-elements.html#the-command">command</a></code>, <!--v2DDATAGRID--><code>datagrid</code>,
1.422 mike 1875: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-dd-element">dd</a></code>, <code><a href="interactive-elements.html#the-details-element">details</a></code>, <code><a href="obsolete.html#dir">dir</a></code>,
1876: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-div-element">div</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-dl-element">dl</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-dt-element">dt</a></code>,
1877: <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-embed-element">embed</a></code>, <code><a href="forms.html#the-fieldset-element">fieldset</a></code>, <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-figure-element">figure</a></code>,
1878: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-footer-element">footer</a></code>, <code><a href="forms.html#the-form-element">form</a></code>, <code><a href="obsolete.html#frame">frame</a></code>,
1879: <code><a href="obsolete.html#frameset">frameset</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-h1-h2-h3-h4-h5-and-h6-elements">h1</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-h1-h2-h3-h4-h5-and-h6-elements">h2</a></code>,
1880: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-h1-h2-h3-h4-h5-and-h6-elements">h3</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-h1-h2-h3-h4-h5-and-h6-elements">h4</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-h1-h2-h3-h4-h5-and-h6-elements">h5</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-h1-h2-h3-h4-h5-and-h6-elements">h6</a></code>,
1881: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-head-element-0">head</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-header-element">header</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-hgroup-element">hgroup</a></code>,
1882: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-hr-element">hr</a></code>, <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-iframe-element">iframe</a></code>, <!-- <code>image</code>,
1883: (commented out because this isn't an element that can end up on the
1884: stack, so it doesn't matter) --> <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-img-element">img</a></code>,
1885: <code><a href="forms.html#the-input-element">input</a></code>, <code><a href="obsolete.html#isindex-0">isindex</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-li-element">li</a></code>,
1886: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-link-element">link</a></code>, <code><a href="obsolete.html#listing">listing</a></code>, <code><a href="interactive-elements.html#menus">menu</a></code>,
1887: <code><a href="semantics.html#meta">meta</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-nav-element">nav</a></code>, <code><a href="obsolete.html#noembed">noembed</a></code>,
1888: <code><a href="obsolete.html#noframes">noframes</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-noscript-element">noscript</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-ol-element">ol</a></code>,
1889: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-p-element">p</a></code>, <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-param-element">param</a></code>, <code><a href="obsolete.html#plaintext">plaintext</a></code>,
1890: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-pre-element">pre</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#script">script</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-section-element">section</a></code>,
1.589 mike 1891: <code><a href="forms.html#the-select-element">select</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-style-element">style</a></code>, <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tbody-element">tbody</a></code>,
1892: <code><a href="forms.html#the-textarea-element">textarea</a></code>, <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tfoot-element">tfoot</a></code>, <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-thead-element">thead</a></code>,
1893: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-title-element-0">title</a></code>, <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tr-element">tr</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-ul-element">ul</a></code>,
1894: <code>wbr</code>, and <code><a href="obsolete.html#xmp">xmp</a></code>.</p></dd>
1.1 mike 1895:
1896: <dt><dfn id="scoping">Scoping</dfn></dt>
1897: <dd><p>The following HTML elements introduce new <a href="#has-an-element-in-scope" title="has
1898: an element in scope">scopes</a> for various parts of the
1.5 mike 1899: parsing: <code><a href="obsolete.html#the-applet-element">applet</a></code>, <code><a href="forms.html#the-button-element">button</a></code>,
1.159 mike 1900: <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-caption-element">caption</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element-0">html</a></code>, <code><a href="obsolete.html#the-marquee-element">marquee</a></code>,
1901: <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-object-element">object</a></code>, <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-table-element">table</a></code>, <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-td-element">td</a></code>,
1.1 mike 1902: <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-th-element">th</a></code>, and SVG's <code>foreignObject</code>.</p></dd>
1903:
1904: <dt><dfn id="formatting">Formatting</dfn></dt>
1905: <dd><p>The following HTML elements are those that end up in the
1906: <a href="#list-of-active-formatting-elements">list of active formatting elements</a>: <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-a-element">a</a></code>,
1.5 mike 1907: <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-b-element">b</a></code>, <code><a href="obsolete.html#big">big</a></code>, <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-code-element">code</a></code>,
1908: <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-em-element">em</a></code>, <code><a href="obsolete.html#font">font</a></code>, <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-i-element">i</a></code>,
1909: <code>nobr</code>, <code><a href="obsolete.html#s">s</a></code>, <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-small-element">small</a></code>,
1910: <code><a href="obsolete.html#strike">strike</a></code>, <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-strong-element">strong</a></code>, <code><a href="obsolete.html#tt">tt</a></code>, and
1911: <code><a href="obsolete.html#u">u</a></code>.</p></dd>
1.1 mike 1912:
1913: <dt><dfn id="phrasing">Phrasing</dfn></dt>
1914: <dd><p>All other elements found while parsing an HTML
1915: document.</p></dd>
1916:
1.234 mike 1917: </dl><p>The <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> is said to <dfn id="has-an-element-in-the-specific-scope" title="has an element in the specific scope">have an element in a
1918: specific scope</dfn> consisting of a list of element types <var title="">list</var> when the following algorithm terminates in a
1919: match state:</p>
1.1 mike 1920:
1921: <ol><li><p>Initialize <var title="">node</var> to be the <a href="#current-node">current
1922: node</a> (the bottommost node of the stack).</p></li>
1923:
1924: <li><p>If <var title="">node</var> is the target node, terminate in
1925: a match state.</p></li>
1926:
1.234 mike 1927: <li><p>Otherwise, if <var title="">node</var> is one of the element
1928: types in <var title="">list</var>, terminate in a failure
1929: state.</p></li>
1.1 mike 1930:
1931: <li><p>Otherwise, set <var title="">node</var> to the previous
1932: entry in the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> and return to step
1933: 2. (This will never fail, since the loop will always terminate in
1934: the previous step if the top of the stack — an
1.159 mike 1935: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element-0">html</a></code> element — is reached.)</p></li>
1.1 mike 1936:
1.234 mike 1937: </ol><p>The <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> is said to <dfn id="has-an-element-in-scope" title="has an element in scope">have an element in scope</dfn> when
1938: it <a href="#has-an-element-in-the-specific-scope">has an element in the specific scope</a> consisting
1939: of the following element types:</p>
1940:
1941: <ul class="brief"><li><code><a href="obsolete.html#the-applet-element">applet</a></code> in the HTML namespace</li>
1942: <li><code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-caption-element">caption</a></code> in the HTML namespace</li>
1943: <li><code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element-0">html</a></code> in the HTML namespace</li> <!-- (This can only happen if the <var title="">node</var> is the topmost node of the <span>stack of open elements</span>, and prevents the next step from being invoked if there are no more elements in the stack.) -->
1944: <li><code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-table-element">table</a></code> in the HTML namespace</li>
1945: <li><code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-td-element">td</a></code> in the HTML namespace</li>
1946: <li><code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-th-element">th</a></code> in the HTML namespace</li>
1947: <li><code><a href="forms.html#the-button-element">button</a></code> in the HTML namespace</li>
1948: <li><code><a href="obsolete.html#the-marquee-element">marquee</a></code> in the HTML namespace</li>
1949: <li><code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-object-element">object</a></code> in the HTML namespace</li>
1950: <li><code title="">foreignObject</code> in the SVG namespace</li>
1951: </ul><p>The <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> is said to <dfn id="has-an-element-in-list-item-scope" title="has an element in list item scope">have an element in list
1952: item scope</dfn> when it <a href="#has-an-element-in-the-specific-scope">has an element in the specific
1953: scope</a> consisting of the following element types:</p>
1954:
1955: <ul class="brief"><li>All the element types listed above for the <i><a href="#has-an-element-in-scope">has an element
1956: in scope</a></i> algorithm.</li>
1957: <li><code><a href="semantics.html#the-ol-element">ol</a></code> in the HTML namespace</li>
1958: <li><code><a href="semantics.html#the-ul-element">ul</a></code> in the HTML namespace</li>
1959: </ul><p>The <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> is said to <dfn id="has-an-element-in-table-scope" title="has an element in table scope">have an element in <em>table
1960: scope</em></dfn> when it <a href="#has-an-element-in-the-specific-scope">has an element in the specific
1961: scope</a> consisting of the following element types:</p>
1962:
1963: <ul class="brief"><li><code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element-0">html</a></code> in the HTML namespace</li> <!-- (This can only happen if the <var title="">node</var> is the topmost node of the <span>stack of open elements</span>, and prevents the next step from being invoked if there are no more elements in the stack.) -->
1964: <li><code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-table-element">table</a></code> in the HTML namespace</li>
1965: </ul><p>Nothing happens if at any time any of the elements in the
1.1 mike 1966: <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> are moved to a new location in,
1967: or removed from, the <code>Document</code> tree. In particular, the
1968: stack is not changed in this situation. This can cause, amongst
1969: other strange effects, content to be appended to nodes that are no
1970: longer in the DOM.</p>
1971:
1972: <p class="note">In some cases (namely, when <a href="#adoptionAgency">closing misnested formatting elements</a>),
1973: the stack is manipulated in a random-access fashion.</p>
1974:
1975:
1976: <h5 id="the-list-of-active-formatting-elements"><span class="secno">9.2.3.3 </span>The list of active formatting elements</h5>
1977:
1978: <p>Initially, the <dfn id="list-of-active-formatting-elements">list of active formatting elements</dfn> is
1979: empty. It is used to handle mis-nested <a href="#formatting" title="formatting">formatting element tags</a>.</p>
1980:
1981: <p>The list contains elements in the <a href="#formatting">formatting</a>
1982: category, and scope markers. The scope markers are inserted when
1.159 mike 1983: entering <code><a href="obsolete.html#the-applet-element">applet</a></code> elements, buttons, <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-object-element">object</a></code>
1.1 mike 1984: elements, marquees, table cells, and table captions, and are used to
1.5 mike 1985: prevent formatting from "leaking" <em>into</em> <code><a href="obsolete.html#the-applet-element">applet</a></code>
1.159 mike 1986: elements, buttons, <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-object-element">object</a></code> elements, marquees, and
1.1 mike 1987: tables.</p>
1988:
1989: <p class="note">The scope markers are unrelated to the concept of an
1990: element being <a href="#has-an-element-in-scope" title="has an element in scope">in
1991: scope</a>.</p>
1992:
1993: <p>In addition, each element in the <a href="#list-of-active-formatting-elements">list of active formatting
1994: elements</a> is associated with the token for which it was
1995: created, so that further elements can be created for that token if
1996: necessary.</p>
1997:
1998: <p>When the steps below require the UA to <dfn id="reconstruct-the-active-formatting-elements">reconstruct the
1999: active formatting elements</dfn>, the UA must perform the following
2000: steps:</p>
2001:
2002: <ol><li>If there are no entries in the <a href="#list-of-active-formatting-elements">list of active formatting
2003: elements</a>, then there is nothing to reconstruct; stop this
2004: algorithm.</li>
2005:
2006: <li>If the last (most recently added) entry in the <a href="#list-of-active-formatting-elements">list of
2007: active formatting elements</a> is a marker, or if it is an
2008: element that is in the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a>, then
2009: there is nothing to reconstruct; stop this algorithm.</li>
2010:
2011: <li>Let <var title="">entry</var> be the last (most recently added)
2012: element in the <a href="#list-of-active-formatting-elements">list of active formatting
2013: elements</a>.</li>
2014:
2015: <li>If there are no entries before <var title="">entry</var> in the
2016: <a href="#list-of-active-formatting-elements">list of active formatting elements</a>, then jump to step
2017: 8.</li>
2018:
2019: <li>Let <var title="">entry</var> be the entry one earlier than
2020: <var title="">entry</var> in the <a href="#list-of-active-formatting-elements">list of active formatting
2021: elements</a>.</li>
2022:
2023: <li>If <var title="">entry</var> is neither a marker nor an element
2024: that is also in the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a>, go to step
2025: 4.</li>
2026:
2027: <li>Let <var title="">entry</var> be the element one later than
2028: <var title="">entry</var> in the <a href="#list-of-active-formatting-elements">list of active formatting
2029: elements</a>.</li>
2030:
2031: <li><a href="#create-an-element-for-the-token">Create an element for the token</a> for which the
2032: element <var title="">entry</var> was created, to obtain <var title="">new element</var>.</li>
2033:
2034: <li>Append <var title="">new element</var> to the <a href="#current-node">current
2035: node</a> and push it onto the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open
2036: elements</a> so that it is the new <a href="#current-node">current
2037: node</a>.</li>
2038:
2039: <li>Replace the entry for <var title="">entry</var> in the list
2040: with an entry for <var title="">new element</var>.</li>
2041:
2042: <li>If the entry for <var title="">new element</var> in the
2043: <a href="#list-of-active-formatting-elements">list of active formatting elements</a> is not the last
2044: entry in the list, return to step 7.</li>
2045:
2046: </ol><p>This has the effect of reopening all the formatting elements that
2047: were opened in the current body, cell, or caption (whichever is
2048: youngest) that haven't been explicitly closed.</p>
2049:
2050: <p class="note">The way this specification is written, the
2051: <a href="#list-of-active-formatting-elements">list of active formatting elements</a> always consists of
2052: elements in chronological order with the least recently added
2053: element first and the most recently added element last (except for
2054: while steps 8 to 11 of the above algorithm are being executed, of
2055: course).</p>
2056:
2057: <p>When the steps below require the UA to <dfn id="clear-the-list-of-active-formatting-elements-up-to-the-last-marker">clear the list of
2058: active formatting elements up to the last marker</dfn>, the UA must
2059: perform the following steps:</p>
2060:
2061: <ol><li>Let <var title="">entry</var> be the last (most recently added)
2062: entry in the <a href="#list-of-active-formatting-elements">list of active formatting elements</a>.</li>
2063:
2064: <li>Remove <var title="">entry</var> from the <a href="#list-of-active-formatting-elements">list of active
2065: formatting elements</a>.</li>
2066:
2067: <li>If <var title="">entry</var> was a marker, then stop the
2068: algorithm at this point. The list has been cleared up to the last
2069: marker.</li>
2070:
2071: <li>Go to step 1.</li>
2072:
2073: </ol><h5 id="the-element-pointers"><span class="secno">9.2.3.4 </span>The element pointers</h5>
2074:
2075: <p>Initially, the <dfn id="head-element-pointer"><code title="">head</code> element
2076: pointer</dfn> and the <dfn id="form-element-pointer"><code title="">form</code> element
2077: pointer</dfn> are both null.</p>
2078:
1.159 mike 2079: <p>Once a <code><a href="semantics.html#the-head-element-0">head</a></code> element has been parsed (whether
1.1 mike 2080: implicitly or explicitly) the <a href="#head-element-pointer"><code title="">head</code>
2081: element pointer</a> gets set to point to this node.</p>
2082:
2083: <p>The <a href="#form-element-pointer"><code title="">form</code> element pointer</a>
2084: points to the last <code><a href="forms.html#the-form-element">form</a></code> element that was opened and
2085: whose end tag has not yet been seen. It is used to make form
2086: controls associate with forms in the face of dramatically bad
2087: markup, for historical reasons.</p>
2088:
2089:
2090: <h5 id="other-parsing-state-flags"><span class="secno">9.2.3.5 </span>Other parsing state flags</h5>
2091:
2092: <p>The <dfn id="scripting-flag">scripting flag</dfn> is set to "enabled" if <a href="browsers.html#concept-n-script" title="concept-n-script">scripting was enabled</a> for the
2093: <code>Document</code> with which the parser is associated when the
2094: parser was created, and "disabled" otherwise.</p>
2095:
2096: <p class="note">The <a href="#scripting-flag">scripting flag</a> can be enabled even
2097: when the parser was originally created for the <a href="#html-fragment-parsing-algorithm">HTML fragment
2098: parsing algorithm</a>, even though <code><a href="semantics.html#script">script</a></code> elements
2099: don't execute in that case.</p>
2100:
2101: <p>The <dfn id="frameset-ok-flag">frameset-ok flag</dfn> is set to "ok" when the parser is
2102: created. It is set to "not ok" after certain tokens are seen.</p>
2103:
1.266 mike 2104: </div><div class="impl">
1.1 mike 2105:
1.159 mike 2106: <h4 id="tokenization"><span class="secno">9.2.4 </span><dfn>Tokenization</dfn></h4><p class="XXX annotation"><b>Status: </b><i>Last call for comments</i></p>
1.1 mike 2107:
2108: <p>Implementations must act as if they used the following state
2109: machine to tokenize HTML. The state machine must start in the
2110: <a href="#data-state">data state</a>. Most states consume a single character,
2111: which may have various side-effects, and either switches the state
2112: machine to a new state to <em>reconsume</em> the same character, or
2113: switches it to a new state (to consume the next character), or
2114: repeats the same state (to consume the next character). Some states
2115: have more complicated behavior and can consume several characters
1.541 mike 2116: before switching to another state. In some cases, the tokenizer
2117: state is also changed by the tree construction stage.</p>
1.1 mike 2118:
1.541 mike 2119: <p>The exact behavior of certain states depends on the
2120: <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> and the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open
2121: elements</a>. Certain states also use a <dfn id="temporary-buffer"><var>temporary
2122: buffer</var></dfn> to track progress.</p>
1.1 mike 2123:
2124: <p>The output of the tokenization step is a series of zero or more
2125: of the following tokens: DOCTYPE, start tag, end tag, comment,
2126: character, end-of-file. DOCTYPE tokens have a name, a public
2127: identifier, a system identifier, and a <i>force-quirks
2128: flag</i>. When a DOCTYPE token is created, its name, public
2129: identifier, and system identifier must be marked as missing (which
2130: is a distinct state from the empty string), and the <i>force-quirks
2131: flag</i> must be set to <i>off</i> (its other state is
2132: <i>on</i>). Start and end tag tokens have a tag name, a
2133: <i>self-closing flag</i>, and a list of attributes, each of which
2134: has a name and a value. When a start or end tag token is created,
2135: its <i>self-closing flag</i> must be unset (its other state is that
2136: it be set), and its attributes list must be empty. Comment and
2137: character tokens have data.</p>
2138:
2139: <p>When a token is emitted, it must immediately be handled by the
2140: <a href="#tree-construction">tree construction</a> stage. The tree construction stage
1.541 mike 2141: can affect the state of the tokenization stage, and can insert
2142: additional characters into the stream. (For example, the
1.1 mike 2143: <code><a href="semantics.html#script">script</a></code> element can result in scripts executing and
1.159 mike 2144: using the <a href="embedded-content-0.html#dynamic-markup-insertion">dynamic markup insertion</a> APIs to insert
1.1 mike 2145: characters into the stream being tokenized.)</p>
2146:
2147: <p>When a start tag token is emitted with its <i>self-closing
2148: flag</i> set, if the flag is not <dfn id="acknowledge-self-closing-flag" title="acknowledge
2149: self-closing flag">acknowledged</dfn> when it is processed by the
2150: tree construction stage, that is a <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a>.</p>
2151:
2152: <p>When an end tag token is emitted with attributes, that is a
2153: <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a>.</p>
2154:
2155: <p>When an end tag token is emitted with its <i>self-closing
2156: flag</i> set, that is a <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a>.</p>
2157:
1.541 mike 2158: <p>An <dfn id="appropriate-end-tag-token">appropriate end tag token</dfn> is an end tag token whose
2159: tag name matches the tag name of the last start tag to have been
2160: emitted from this tokenizer, if any. If no start tag has been
2161: emitted from this tokenizer, then no end tag token is
2162: appropriate.</p>
2163:
1.1 mike 2164: <p>Before each step of the tokenizer, the user agent must first
2165: check the <a href="#parser-pause-flag">parser pause flag</a>. If it is true, then the
2166: tokenizer must abort the processing of any nested invocations of the
1.479 mike 2167: tokenizer, yielding control back to the caller.</p>
1.1 mike 2168:
2169: <p>The tokenizer state machine consists of the states defined in the
2170: following subsections.</p>
2171:
1.541 mike 2172:
1.333 mike 2173: <!-- Order of the lists below is supposed to be non-error then
2174: error, by unicode, then EOF, ending with "anything else" -->
1.1 mike 2175:
1.541 mike 2176:
1.1 mike 2177: <h5 id="data-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.1 </span><dfn>Data state</dfn></h5>
2178:
2179: <p>Consume the <a href="#next-input-character">next input character</a>:</p>
2180:
2181: <dl class="switch"><dt>U+0026 AMPERSAND (&)</dt>
1.541 mike 2182: <dd>Switch to the <a href="#character-reference-in-data-state">character reference in data
1.56 mike 2183: state</a>.</dd>
1.1 mike 2184:
1.541 mike 2185: <dt>U+003C LESS-THAN SIGN (<)</dt>
2186: <dd>Switch to the <a href="#tag-open-state">tag open state</a>.</dd>
2187:
2188: <dt>EOF</dt>
2189: <dd>Emit an end-of-file token.</dd>
2190:
2191: <dt>Anything else</dt>
2192: <dd>Emit the <a href="#current-input-character">current input character</a> as a character
2193: token. Stay in the <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd>
1.1 mike 2194:
1.541 mike 2195: </dl><h5 id="rcdata-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.2 </span><dfn>RCDATA state</dfn></h5>
1.1 mike 2196:
1.541 mike 2197: <p>Consume the <a href="#next-input-character">next input character</a>:</p>
1.1 mike 2198:
1.541 mike 2199: <dl class="switch"><dt>U+0026 AMPERSAND (&)</dt>
2200: <dd>Switch to the <a href="#character-reference-in-data-state">character reference in data
2201: state</a>.</dd>
1.1 mike 2202:
2203: <dt>U+003C LESS-THAN SIGN (<)</dt>
1.541 mike 2204: <dd>Switch to the <a href="#rcdata-less-than-sign-state">RCDATA less-than sign state</a>.</dd>
2205:
2206: <dt>EOF</dt>
2207: <dd>Emit an end-of-file token.</dd>
1.1 mike 2208:
1.541 mike 2209: <dt>Anything else</dt>
2210: <dd>Emit the <a href="#current-input-character">current input character</a> as a character
2211: token. Stay in the <a href="#rcdata-state">RCDATA state</a>.</dd>
1.1 mike 2212:
1.541 mike 2213: </dl><h5 id="rawtext-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.3 </span><dfn>RAWTEXT state</dfn></h5>
1.1 mike 2214:
1.541 mike 2215: <p>Consume the <a href="#next-input-character">next input character</a>:</p>
1.1 mike 2216:
1.541 mike 2217: <dl class="switch"><dt>U+003C LESS-THAN SIGN (<)</dt>
2218: <dd>Switch to the <a href="#rawtext-less-than-sign-state">RAWTEXT less-than sign state</a>.</dd>
1.1 mike 2219:
2220: <dt>EOF</dt>
2221: <dd>Emit an end-of-file token.</dd>
2222:
2223: <dt>Anything else</dt>
1.541 mike 2224: <dd>Emit the <a href="#current-input-character">current input character</a> as a character
2225: token. Stay in the <a href="#rawtext-state">RAWTEXT state</a>.</dd>
1.1 mike 2226:
1.541 mike 2227: </dl><h5 id="script-data-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.4 </span><dfn>Script data state</dfn></h5>
1.1 mike 2228:
1.541 mike 2229: <p>Consume the <a href="#next-input-character">next input character</a>:</p>
1.1 mike 2230:
1.541 mike 2231: <dl class="switch"><dt>U+003C LESS-THAN SIGN (<)</dt>
2232: <dd>Switch to the <a href="#script-data-less-than-sign-state">script data less-than sign state</a>.</dd>
1.1 mike 2233:
1.541 mike 2234: <dt>EOF</dt>
2235: <dd>Emit an end-of-file token.</dd>
1.1 mike 2236:
1.541 mike 2237: <dt>Anything else</dt>
2238: <dd>Emit the <a href="#current-input-character">current input character</a> as a character
2239: token. Stay in the <a href="#script-data-state">script data state</a>.</dd>
1.1 mike 2240:
1.541 mike 2241: </dl><h5 id="plaintext-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.5 </span><dfn>PLAINTEXT state</dfn></h5>
1.1 mike 2242:
1.541 mike 2243: <p>Consume the <a href="#next-input-character">next input character</a>:</p>
1.1 mike 2244:
1.541 mike 2245: <dl class="switch"><dt>EOF</dt>
2246: <dd>Emit an end-of-file token.</dd>
1.1 mike 2247:
1.541 mike 2248: <dt>Anything else</dt>
2249: <dd>Emit the <a href="#current-input-character">current input character</a> as a character
2250: token. Stay in the <a href="#plaintext-state">PLAINTEXT state</a>.</dd>
1.1 mike 2251:
1.541 mike 2252: </dl><h5 id="character-reference-in-data-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.6 </span><dfn>Character reference in data state</dfn></h5>
1.1 mike 2253:
1.541 mike 2254: <p>Attempt to <a href="#consume-a-character-reference">consume a character reference</a>, with no
2255: <a href="#additional-allowed-character">additional allowed character</a>.</p>
1.1 mike 2256:
1.541 mike 2257: <p>If nothing is returned, emit a U+0026 AMPERSAND character
2258: token.</p>
1.1 mike 2259:
1.541 mike 2260: <p>Otherwise, emit the character token that was returned.</p>
1.1 mike 2261:
1.541 mike 2262: <p>Finally, switch to the <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</p>
1.1 mike 2263:
2264:
1.541 mike 2265: <h5 id="tag-open-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.7 </span><dfn>Tag open state</dfn></h5>
1.1 mike 2266:
1.541 mike 2267: <p>Consume the <a href="#next-input-character">next input character</a>:</p>
1.1 mike 2268:
1.541 mike 2269: <dl class="switch"><dt>U+0021 EXCLAMATION MARK (!)</dt>
2270: <dd>Switch to the <a href="#markup-declaration-open-state">markup declaration open state</a>.</dd>
1.1 mike 2271:
1.541 mike 2272: <dt>U+002F SOLIDUS (/)</dt>
2273: <dd>Switch to the <a href="#close-tag-open-state">close tag open state</a>.</dd>
1.1 mike 2274:
1.541 mike 2275: <dt>U+0041 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A through to U+005A LATIN CAPITAL LETTER Z</dt>
2276: <dd>Create a new start tag token, set its tag name to the
2277: lowercase version of the <a href="#current-input-character">current input character</a> (add 0x0020 to the
2278: character's code point), then switch to the <a href="#tag-name-state">tag name
2279: state</a>. (Don't emit the token yet; further details will
2280: be filled in before it is emitted.)</dd>
1.1 mike 2281:
1.541 mike 2282: <dt>U+0061 LATIN SMALL LETTER A through to U+007A LATIN SMALL LETTER Z</dt>
2283: <dd>Create a new start tag token, set its tag name to the
2284: <a href="#current-input-character">current input character</a>, then switch to the <a href="#tag-name-state">tag
2285: name state</a>. (Don't emit the token yet; further details will
2286: be filled in before it is emitted.)</dd>
1.1 mike 2287:
1.541 mike 2288: <dt>U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN (>)</dt>
2289: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Emit a U+003C LESS-THAN SIGN
2290: character token and a U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN character
2291: token. Switch to the <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd>
1.1 mike 2292:
1.541 mike 2293: <dt>U+003F QUESTION MARK (?)</dt>
2294: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Switch to the <a href="#bogus-comment-state">bogus
2295: comment state</a>.</dd>
1.1 mike 2296:
1.541 mike 2297: <dt>Anything else</dt>
2298: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Emit a U+003C LESS-THAN SIGN
2299: character token and reconsume the <a href="#current-input-character">current input
2300: character</a> in the <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd>
1.1 mike 2301:
1.541 mike 2302: </dl><h5 id="close-tag-open-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.8 </span><dfn>Close tag open state</dfn></h5>
1.1 mike 2303:
1.541 mike 2304: <p>Consume the <a href="#next-input-character">next input character</a>:</p>
1.1 mike 2305:
2306: <dl class="switch"><dt>U+0041 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A through to U+005A LATIN CAPITAL LETTER Z</dt>
2307: <dd>Create a new end tag token, set its tag name to the lowercase
1.541 mike 2308: version of the <a href="#current-input-character">current input character</a> (add 0x0020 to
2309: the character's code point), then switch to the <a href="#tag-name-state">tag name
1.1 mike 2310: state</a>. (Don't emit the token yet; further details will be
2311: filled in before it is emitted.)</dd>
2312:
2313: <dt>U+0061 LATIN SMALL LETTER A through to U+007A LATIN SMALL LETTER Z</dt>
1.541 mike 2314: <dd>Create a new end tag token, set its tag name to the
2315: <a href="#current-input-character">current input character</a>, then switch to the <a href="#tag-name-state">tag
2316: name state</a>. (Don't emit the token yet; further details will
2317: be filled in before it is emitted.)</dd>
1.1 mike 2318:
2319: <dt>U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN (>)</dt>
2320: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Switch to the <a href="#data-state">data
2321: state</a>.</dd>
2322:
2323: <dt>EOF</dt>
2324: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Emit a U+003C LESS-THAN SIGN
2325: character token and a U+002F SOLIDUS character token. Reconsume
2326: the EOF character in the <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd>
2327:
2328: <dt>Anything else</dt>
2329: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Switch to the <a href="#bogus-comment-state">bogus
2330: comment state</a>.</dd>
2331:
1.541 mike 2332: </dl><h5 id="tag-name-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.9 </span><dfn>Tag name state</dfn></h5>
1.1 mike 2333:
2334: <p>Consume the <a href="#next-input-character">next input character</a>:</p>
2335:
2336: <dl class="switch"><dt>U+0009 CHARACTER TABULATION</dt>
2337: <dt>U+000A LINE FEED (LF)</dt>
2338: <dt>U+000C FORM FEED (FF)</dt>
2339: <!--<dt>U+000D CARRIAGE RETURN (CR)</dt>-->
2340: <dt>U+0020 SPACE</dt>
2341: <dd>Switch to the <a href="#before-attribute-name-state">before attribute name state</a>.</dd>
2342:
2343: <dt>U+002F SOLIDUS (/)</dt>
2344: <dd>Switch to the <a href="#self-closing-start-tag-state">self-closing start tag state</a>.</dd>
2345:
2346: <dt>U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN (>)</dt>
2347: <dd>Emit the current tag token. Switch to the <a href="#data-state">data
2348: state</a>.</dd>
2349:
2350: <dt>U+0041 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A through to U+005A LATIN CAPITAL LETTER Z</dt>
1.541 mike 2351: <dd>Append the lowercase version of the <a href="#current-input-character">current input
2352: character</a> (add 0x0020 to the character's code point) to the
2353: current tag token's tag name. Stay in the <a href="#tag-name-state">tag name
2354: state</a>.</dd>
2355:
2356: <dt>EOF</dt>
2357: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Reconsume the EOF character in the
2358: <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd>
2359:
2360: <dt>Anything else</dt>
2361: <dd>Append the <a href="#current-input-character">current input character</a> to the current
2362: tag token's tag name. Stay in the <a href="#tag-name-state">tag name state</a>.</dd>
2363:
2364: </dl><h5 id="rcdata-less-than-sign-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.10 </span><dfn>RCDATA less-than sign state</dfn></h5>
2365: <!-- identical to the RAWTEXT less-than sign state, except s/RAWTEXT/RCDATA/g -->
2366:
2367: <p>Consume the <a href="#next-input-character">next input character</a>:</p>
2368:
2369: <dl class="switch"><dt>U+002F SOLIDUS (/)</dt>
2370: <dd>Set the <var><a href="#temporary-buffer">temporary buffer</a></var> to the empty string. Switch
2371: to the <a href="#rcdata-end-tag-open-state">RCDATA end tag open state</a>.</dd>
2372:
2373: <dt>Anything else</dt>
2374: <dd>Emit a U+003C LESS-THAN SIGN character token and reconsume the
2375: <a href="#current-input-character">current input character</a> in the <a href="#rcdata-state">RCDATA
2376: state</a>.</dd>
2377:
2378: </dl><h5 id="rcdata-end-tag-open-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.11 </span><dfn>RCDATA end tag open state</dfn></h5>
2379: <!-- identical to the RAWTEXT (and Script data) end tag open state, except s/RAWTEXT/RCDATA/g -->
2380:
2381: <p>Consume the <a href="#next-input-character">next input character</a>:</p>
2382:
2383: <dl class="switch"><dt>U+0041 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A through to U+005A LATIN CAPITAL LETTER Z</dt>
2384: <dd>Create a new end tag token, and set its tag name to the
2385: lowercase version of the <a href="#current-input-character">current input character</a> (add
2386: 0x0020 to the character's code point). Append the <a href="#current-input-character">current
2387: input character</a> to the <var><a href="#temporary-buffer">temporary buffer</a></var>. Finally,
2388: switch to the <a href="#rcdata-end-tag-name-state">RCDATA end tag name state</a>. (Don't emit
2389: the token yet; further details will be filled in before it is
2390: emitted.)</dd>
2391:
2392: <dt>U+0061 LATIN SMALL LETTER A through to U+007A LATIN SMALL LETTER Z</dt>
2393: <dd>Create a new end tag token, and set its tag name to the
2394: <a href="#current-input-character">current input character</a>. Append the <a href="#current-input-character">current
2395: input character</a> to the <var><a href="#temporary-buffer">temporary buffer</a></var>. Finally,
2396: switch to the <a href="#rcdata-end-tag-name-state">RCDATA end tag name state</a>. (Don't emit
2397: the token yet; further details will be filled in before it is
2398: emitted.)</dd>
2399:
2400: <dt>Anything else</dt>
2401: <dd>Emit a U+003C LESS-THAN SIGN character token, a U+002F SOLIDUS
2402: character token, and reconsume the <a href="#current-input-character">current input
2403: character</a> in the <a href="#rcdata-state">RCDATA state</a>.</dd>
2404:
2405: </dl><h5 id="rcdata-end-tag-name-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.12 </span><dfn>RCDATA end tag name state</dfn></h5>
2406: <!-- identical to the RAWTEXT (and Script data) end tag name state, except s/RAWTEXT/RCDATA/g -->
2407:
2408: <p>Consume the <a href="#next-input-character">next input character</a>:</p>
2409:
2410: <dl class="switch"><dt>U+0009 CHARACTER TABULATION</dt>
2411: <dt>U+000A LINE FEED (LF)</dt>
2412: <dt>U+000C FORM FEED (FF)</dt>
2413: <!--<dt>U+000D CARRIAGE RETURN (CR)</dt>-->
2414: <dt>U+0020 SPACE</dt>
2415: <dd>If the current end tag token is an <a href="#appropriate-end-tag-token">appropriate end tag
2416: token</a>, then switch to the <a href="#before-attribute-name-state">before attribute name
2417: state</a>. Otherwise, treat it as per the "anything else" entry
2418: below.</dd>
2419:
2420: <dt>U+002F SOLIDUS (/)</dt>
2421: <dd>If the current end tag token is an <a href="#appropriate-end-tag-token">appropriate end tag
2422: token</a>, then switch to the <a href="#self-closing-start-tag-state">self-closing start tag
2423: state</a>. Otherwise, treat it as per the "anything else" entry
2424: below.</dd>
2425:
2426: <dt>U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN (>)</dt>
2427: <dd>If the current end tag token is an <a href="#appropriate-end-tag-token">appropriate end tag
2428: token</a>, then emit the current tag token and switch to the
2429: <a href="#data-state">data state</a>. Otherwise, treat it as per the "anything
2430: else" entry below.</dd>
2431:
2432: <dt>U+0041 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A through to U+005A LATIN CAPITAL LETTER Z</dt>
2433: <dd>Append the lowercase version of the <a href="#current-input-character">current input
2434: character</a> (add 0x0020 to the character's code point) to the
2435: current tag token's tag name. Append the <a href="#current-input-character">current input
2436: character</a> to the <var><a href="#temporary-buffer">temporary buffer</a></var>. Stay in the
2437: <a href="#rcdata-end-tag-name-state">RCDATA end tag name state</a>.</dd>
2438:
2439: <dt>U+0061 LATIN SMALL LETTER A through to U+007A LATIN SMALL LETTER Z</dt>
2440: <dd>Append the <a href="#current-input-character">current input character</a> to the current
2441: tag token's tag name. Append the <a href="#current-input-character">current input
2442: character</a> to the <var><a href="#temporary-buffer">temporary buffer</a></var>. Stay in the
2443: <a href="#rcdata-end-tag-name-state">RCDATA end tag name state</a>.</dd>
2444:
2445: <dt>Anything else</dt>
2446: <dd>Emit a U+003C LESS-THAN SIGN character token, a U+002F SOLIDUS
2447: character token, a character token for each of the characters in
2448: the <var><a href="#temporary-buffer">temporary buffer</a></var> (in the order they were added to
2449: the buffer), and reconsume the <a href="#current-input-character">current input character</a>
2450: in the <a href="#rcdata-state">RCDATA state</a>.</dd>
2451:
2452: </dl><h5 id="rawtext-less-than-sign-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.13 </span><dfn>RAWTEXT less-than sign state</dfn></h5>
2453: <!-- identical to the RCDATA less-than sign state, except s/RCDATA/RAWTEXT/g -->
2454:
2455: <p>Consume the <a href="#next-input-character">next input character</a>:</p>
2456:
2457: <dl class="switch"><dt>U+002F SOLIDUS (/)</dt>
2458: <dd>Set the <var><a href="#temporary-buffer">temporary buffer</a></var> to the empty string. Switch
2459: to the <a href="#rawtext-end-tag-open-state">RAWTEXT end tag open state</a>.</dd>
2460:
2461: <dt>Anything else</dt>
2462: <dd>Emit a U+003C LESS-THAN SIGN character token and reconsume the
2463: <a href="#current-input-character">current input character</a> in the <a href="#rawtext-state">RAWTEXT
2464: state</a>.</dd>
2465:
2466: </dl><h5 id="rawtext-end-tag-open-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.14 </span><dfn>RAWTEXT end tag open state</dfn></h5>
2467: <!-- identical to the RCDATA (and Script data) end tag open state, except s/RCDATA/RAWTEXT/g -->
2468:
2469: <p>Consume the <a href="#next-input-character">next input character</a>:</p>
2470:
2471: <dl class="switch"><dt>U+0041 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A through to U+005A LATIN CAPITAL LETTER Z</dt>
2472: <dd>Create a new end tag token, and set its tag name to the
2473: lowercase version of the <a href="#current-input-character">current input character</a> (add
2474: 0x0020 to the character's code point). Append the <a href="#current-input-character">current
2475: input character</a> to the <var><a href="#temporary-buffer">temporary buffer</a></var>. Finally,
2476: switch to the <a href="#rawtext-end-tag-name-state">RAWTEXT end tag name state</a>. (Don't emit
2477: the token yet; further details will be filled in before it is
2478: emitted.)</dd>
2479:
2480: <dt>U+0061 LATIN SMALL LETTER A through to U+007A LATIN SMALL LETTER Z</dt>
2481: <dd>Create a new end tag token, and set its tag name to the
2482: <a href="#current-input-character">current input character</a>. Append the <a href="#current-input-character">current
2483: input character</a> to the <var><a href="#temporary-buffer">temporary buffer</a></var>. Finally,
2484: switch to the <a href="#rawtext-end-tag-name-state">RAWTEXT end tag name state</a>. (Don't emit
2485: the token yet; further details will be filled in before it is
2486: emitted.)</dd>
2487:
2488: <dt>Anything else</dt>
2489: <dd>Emit a U+003C LESS-THAN SIGN character token, a U+002F SOLIDUS
2490: character token, and reconsume the <a href="#current-input-character">current input
2491: character</a> in the <a href="#rawtext-state">RAWTEXT state</a>.</dd>
2492:
2493: </dl><h5 id="rawtext-end-tag-name-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.15 </span><dfn>RAWTEXT end tag name state</dfn></h5>
2494: <!-- identical to the RCDATA (and Script data) end tag name state, except s/RCDATA/RAWTEXT/g -->
2495:
2496: <p>Consume the <a href="#next-input-character">next input character</a>:</p>
2497:
2498: <dl class="switch"><dt>U+0009 CHARACTER TABULATION</dt>
2499: <dt>U+000A LINE FEED (LF)</dt>
2500: <dt>U+000C FORM FEED (FF)</dt>
2501: <!--<dt>U+000D CARRIAGE RETURN (CR)</dt>-->
2502: <dt>U+0020 SPACE</dt>
2503: <dd>If the current end tag token is an <a href="#appropriate-end-tag-token">appropriate end tag
2504: token</a>, then switch to the <a href="#before-attribute-name-state">before attribute name
2505: state</a>. Otherwise, treat it as per the "anything else" entry
2506: below.</dd>
2507:
2508: <dt>U+002F SOLIDUS (/)</dt>
2509: <dd>If the current end tag token is an <a href="#appropriate-end-tag-token">appropriate end tag
2510: token</a>, then switch to the <a href="#self-closing-start-tag-state">self-closing start tag
2511: state</a>. Otherwise, treat it as per the "anything else" entry
2512: below.</dd>
2513:
2514: <dt>U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN (>)</dt>
2515: <dd>If the current end tag token is an <a href="#appropriate-end-tag-token">appropriate end tag
2516: token</a>, then emit the current tag token and switch to the
2517: <a href="#data-state">data state</a>. Otherwise, treat it as per the "anything
2518: else" entry below.</dd>
2519:
2520: <dt>U+0041 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A through to U+005A LATIN CAPITAL LETTER Z</dt>
2521: <dd>Append the lowercase version of the <a href="#current-input-character">current input
2522: character</a> (add 0x0020 to the character's code point) to the
2523: current tag token's tag name. Append the <a href="#current-input-character">current input
2524: character</a> to the <var><a href="#temporary-buffer">temporary buffer</a></var>. Stay in the
2525: <a href="#rawtext-end-tag-name-state">RAWTEXT end tag name state</a>.</dd>
2526:
2527: <dt>U+0061 LATIN SMALL LETTER A through to U+007A LATIN SMALL LETTER Z</dt>
2528: <dd>Append the <a href="#current-input-character">current input character</a> to the current
2529: tag token's tag name. Append the <a href="#current-input-character">current input
2530: character</a> to the <var><a href="#temporary-buffer">temporary buffer</a></var>. Stay in the
2531: <a href="#rawtext-end-tag-name-state">RAWTEXT end tag name state</a>.</dd>
2532:
2533: <dt>Anything else</dt>
2534: <dd>Emit a U+003C LESS-THAN SIGN character token, a U+002F SOLIDUS
2535: character token, a character token for each of the characters in
2536: the <var><a href="#temporary-buffer">temporary buffer</a></var> (in the order they were added to
2537: the buffer), and reconsume the <a href="#current-input-character">current input character</a>
2538: in the <a href="#rawtext-state">RAWTEXT state</a>.</dd>
2539:
2540: </dl><h5 id="script-data-less-than-sign-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.16 </span><dfn>Script data less-than sign state</dfn></h5>
2541:
2542: <p>Consume the <a href="#next-input-character">next input character</a>:</p>
2543:
2544: <dl class="switch"><dt>U+002F SOLIDUS (/)</dt>
2545: <dd>Set the <var><a href="#temporary-buffer">temporary buffer</a></var> to the empty string. Switch
2546: to the <a href="#script-data-end-tag-open-state">script data end tag open state</a>.</dd>
2547:
2548: <dt>U+0021 EXCLAMATION MARK (!)</dt>
2549: <dd>Emit a U+003C LESS-THAN SIGN character token and a U+0021
2550: EXCLAMATION MARK character token. Switch to the <a href="#script-data-escape-start-state">script data
2551: escape start state</a>.</dd>
2552:
2553: <dt>Anything else</dt>
2554: <dd>Emit a U+003C LESS-THAN SIGN character token and reconsume the
2555: <a href="#current-input-character">current input character</a> in the <a href="#script-data-state">script data
2556: state</a>.</dd>
2557:
2558: </dl><h5 id="script-data-end-tag-open-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.17 </span><dfn>Script data end tag open state</dfn></h5>
2559: <!-- identical to the RCDATA (and RAWTEXT) end tag open state, except s/RCDATA/Script data/g -->
2560:
2561: <p>Consume the <a href="#next-input-character">next input character</a>:</p>
2562:
2563: <dl class="switch"><dt>U+0041 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A through to U+005A LATIN CAPITAL LETTER Z</dt>
2564: <dd>Create a new end tag token, and set its tag name to the
2565: lowercase version of the <a href="#current-input-character">current input character</a> (add
2566: 0x0020 to the character's code point). Append the <a href="#current-input-character">current
2567: input character</a> to the <var><a href="#temporary-buffer">temporary buffer</a></var>. Finally,
2568: switch to the <a href="#script-data-end-tag-name-state">script data end tag name state</a>. (Don't emit
2569: the token yet; further details will be filled in before it is
2570: emitted.)</dd>
2571:
2572: <dt>U+0061 LATIN SMALL LETTER A through to U+007A LATIN SMALL LETTER Z</dt>
2573: <dd>Create a new end tag token, and set its tag name to the
2574: <a href="#current-input-character">current input character</a>. Append the <a href="#current-input-character">current
2575: input character</a> to the <var><a href="#temporary-buffer">temporary buffer</a></var>. Finally,
2576: switch to the <a href="#script-data-end-tag-name-state">script data end tag name state</a>. (Don't emit
2577: the token yet; further details will be filled in before it is
2578: emitted.)</dd>
2579:
2580: <dt>Anything else</dt>
2581: <dd>Emit a U+003C LESS-THAN SIGN character token, a U+002F SOLIDUS
2582: character token, and reconsume the <a href="#current-input-character">current input
2583: character</a> in the <a href="#script-data-state">script data state</a>.</dd>
2584:
2585: </dl><h5 id="script-data-end-tag-name-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.18 </span><dfn>Script data end tag name state</dfn></h5>
2586: <!-- identical to the RCDATA (and RAWTEXT) end tag name state, except s/RCDATA/Script data/g -->
2587:
2588: <p>Consume the <a href="#next-input-character">next input character</a>:</p>
2589:
2590: <dl class="switch"><dt>U+0009 CHARACTER TABULATION</dt>
2591: <dt>U+000A LINE FEED (LF)</dt>
2592: <dt>U+000C FORM FEED (FF)</dt>
2593: <!--<dt>U+000D CARRIAGE RETURN (CR)</dt>-->
2594: <dt>U+0020 SPACE</dt>
2595: <dd>If the current end tag token is an <a href="#appropriate-end-tag-token">appropriate end tag
2596: token</a>, then switch to the <a href="#before-attribute-name-state">before attribute name
2597: state</a>. Otherwise, treat it as per the "anything else" entry
2598: below.</dd>
2599:
2600: <dt>U+002F SOLIDUS (/)</dt>
2601: <dd>If the current end tag token is an <a href="#appropriate-end-tag-token">appropriate end tag
2602: token</a>, then switch to the <a href="#self-closing-start-tag-state">self-closing start tag
2603: state</a>. Otherwise, treat it as per the "anything else" entry
2604: below.</dd>
2605:
2606: <dt>U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN (>)</dt>
2607: <dd>If the current end tag token is an <a href="#appropriate-end-tag-token">appropriate end tag
2608: token</a>, then emit the current tag token and switch to the
2609: <a href="#data-state">data state</a>. Otherwise, treat it as per the "anything
2610: else" entry below.</dd>
2611:
2612: <dt>U+0041 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A through to U+005A LATIN CAPITAL LETTER Z</dt>
2613: <dd>Append the lowercase version of the <a href="#current-input-character">current input
2614: character</a> (add 0x0020 to the character's code point) to the
2615: current tag token's tag name. Append the <a href="#current-input-character">current input
2616: character</a> to the <var><a href="#temporary-buffer">temporary buffer</a></var>. Stay in the
1.542 mike 2617: <a href="#script-data-end-tag-name-state">script data end tag name state</a>.</dd>
1.541 mike 2618:
2619: <dt>U+0061 LATIN SMALL LETTER A through to U+007A LATIN SMALL LETTER Z</dt>
2620: <dd>Append the <a href="#current-input-character">current input character</a> to the current
2621: tag token's tag name. Append the <a href="#current-input-character">current input
2622: character</a> to the <var><a href="#temporary-buffer">temporary buffer</a></var>. Stay in the
1.542 mike 2623: <a href="#script-data-end-tag-name-state">script data end tag name state</a>.</dd>
1.541 mike 2624:
2625: <dt>Anything else</dt>
2626: <dd>Emit a U+003C LESS-THAN SIGN character token, a U+002F SOLIDUS
2627: character token, a character token for each of the characters in
2628: the <var><a href="#temporary-buffer">temporary buffer</a></var> (in the order they were added to
2629: the buffer), and reconsume the <a href="#current-input-character">current input character</a>
2630: in the <a href="#script-data-state">script data state</a>.</dd>
2631:
2632: </dl><h5 id="script-data-escape-start-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.19 </span><dfn>Script data escape start state</dfn></h5>
2633:
2634: <p>Consume the <a href="#next-input-character">next input character</a>:</p>
2635:
2636: <dl class="switch"><dt>U+002D HYPHEN-MINUS (-)</dt>
2637: <dd>Emit a U+002D HYPHEN-MINUS character token. Switch to the
2638: <a href="#script-data-escape-start-dash-state">script data escape start dash state</a>.</dd>
2639:
2640: <dt>Anything else</dt>
2641: <dd>Reconsume the <a href="#current-input-character">current input character</a> in the
2642: <a href="#script-data-state">script data state</a>.</dd>
2643:
2644: </dl><h5 id="script-data-escape-start-dash-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.20 </span><dfn>Script data escape start dash state</dfn></h5>
2645:
2646: <p>Consume the <a href="#next-input-character">next input character</a>:</p>
2647:
2648: <dl class="switch"><dt>U+002D HYPHEN-MINUS (-)</dt>
2649: <dd>Emit a U+002D HYPHEN-MINUS character token. Switch to the
2650: <a href="#script-data-escaped-dash-dash-state">script data escaped dash dash state</a>.</dd>
2651:
2652: <dt>Anything else</dt>
2653: <dd>Reconsume the <a href="#current-input-character">current input character</a> in the
2654: <a href="#script-data-state">script data state</a>.</dd>
2655:
2656: </dl><h5 id="script-data-escaped-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.21 </span><dfn>Script data escaped state</dfn></h5>
2657:
2658: <p>Consume the <a href="#next-input-character">next input character</a>:</p>
2659:
2660: <dl class="switch"><dt>U+002D HYPHEN-MINUS (-)</dt>
2661: <dd>Emit a U+002D HYPHEN-MINUS character token. Switch to the
2662: <a href="#script-data-escaped-dash-state">script data escaped dash state</a>.</dd>
2663:
1.542 mike 2664: <dt>U+003C LESS-THAN SIGN (<)</dt>
2665: <dd><p>Switch to the <a href="#script-data-escaped-less-than-sign-state">script data escaped less-than sign
2666: state</a>.</p></dd>
2667:
1.541 mike 2668: <dt>EOF</dt>
2669: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Reconsume the EOF character in the
2670: <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd>
2671:
2672: <dt>Anything else</dt>
1.542 mike 2673: <dd>Emit the <a href="#current-input-character">current input character</a> as a character
2674: token. Stay in the <a href="#script-data-escaped-state">script data escaped state</a>.</dd>
1.541 mike 2675:
2676: </dl><h5 id="script-data-escaped-dash-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.22 </span><dfn>Script data escaped dash state</dfn></h5>
2677:
2678: <p>Consume the <a href="#next-input-character">next input character</a>:</p>
2679:
2680: <dl class="switch"><dt>U+002D HYPHEN-MINUS (-)</dt>
2681: <dd>Emit a U+002D HYPHEN-MINUS character token. Switch to the
2682: <a href="#script-data-escaped-dash-dash-state">script data escaped dash dash state</a>.</dd>
2683:
1.542 mike 2684: <dt>U+003C LESS-THAN SIGN (<)</dt>
2685: <dd><p>Switch to the <a href="#script-data-escaped-less-than-sign-state">script data escaped less-than sign
2686: state</a>.</p></dd>
2687:
1.541 mike 2688: <dt>EOF</dt>
2689: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Reconsume the EOF character in the
2690: <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd>
2691:
2692: <dt>Anything else</dt>
1.542 mike 2693: <dd>Emit the <a href="#current-input-character">current input character</a> as a character
2694: token. Switch to the <a href="#script-data-escaped-state">script data escaped state</a>.</dd>
1.541 mike 2695:
2696: </dl><h5 id="script-data-escaped-dash-dash-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.23 </span><dfn>Script data escaped dash dash state</dfn></h5>
2697:
2698: <p>Consume the <a href="#next-input-character">next input character</a>:</p>
2699:
2700: <dl class="switch"><dt>U+002D HYPHEN-MINUS (-)</dt>
2701: <dd>Emit a U+002D HYPHEN-MINUS character token. Stay in the
2702: <a href="#script-data-escaped-dash-dash-state">script data escaped dash dash state</a>.</dd>
2703:
1.542 mike 2704: <dt>U+003C LESS-THAN SIGN (<)</dt>
2705: <dd><p>Switch to the <a href="#script-data-escaped-less-than-sign-state">script data escaped less-than sign
2706: state</a>.</p></dd>
2707:
1.541 mike 2708: <dt>U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN (>)</dt>
2709: <dd>Emit a U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN character token. Switch to the
2710: <a href="#script-data-state">script data state</a>.</dd>
1.1 mike 2711:
2712: <dt>EOF</dt>
2713: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Reconsume the EOF character in the
2714: <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd>
2715:
2716: <dt>Anything else</dt>
1.542 mike 2717: <dd>Emit the <a href="#current-input-character">current input character</a> as a character
2718: token. Switch to the <a href="#script-data-escaped-state">script data escaped state</a>.</dd>
2719:
2720: </dl><h5 id="script-data-escaped-less-than-sign-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.24 </span><dfn>Script data escaped less-than sign state</dfn></h5>
2721:
2722: <p>Consume the <a href="#next-input-character">next input character</a>:</p>
2723:
2724: <dl class="switch"><dt>U+002F SOLIDUS (/)</dt>
2725: <dd>Set the <var><a href="#temporary-buffer">temporary buffer</a></var> to the empty string. Switch
2726: to the <a href="#script-data-escaped-end-tag-open-state">script data escaped end tag open state</a>.</dd>
2727:
2728: <dt>U+0041 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A through to U+005A LATIN CAPITAL LETTER Z</dt>
2729: <dd>Emit a U+003C LESS-THAN SIGN character token and the
2730: <a href="#current-input-character">current input character</a> as a character token. Set the
2731: <var><a href="#temporary-buffer">temporary buffer</a></var> to the empty string. Append the
2732: lowercase version of the <a href="#current-input-character">current input character</a> (add
2733: 0x0020 to the character's code point) to the <var><a href="#temporary-buffer">temporary
2734: buffer</a></var>. Switch to the <a href="#script-data-double-escape-start-state">script data double escape start
2735: state</a>.</dd>
2736:
2737: <dt>U+0061 LATIN SMALL LETTER A through to U+007A LATIN SMALL LETTER Z</dt>
2738: <dd>Emit a U+003C LESS-THAN SIGN character token and the
2739: <a href="#current-input-character">current input character</a> as a character token. Set the
2740: <var><a href="#temporary-buffer">temporary buffer</a></var> to the empty string. Append the
2741: <a href="#current-input-character">current input character</a> to the <var><a href="#temporary-buffer">temporary
2742: buffer</a></var>. Switch to the <a href="#script-data-double-escape-start-state">script data double escape start
2743: state</a>.</dd>
2744:
2745: <dt>Anything else</dt>
2746: <dd>Emit a U+003C LESS-THAN SIGN character token and reconsume the
2747: <a href="#current-input-character">current input character</a> in the <a href="#script-data-escaped-state">script data
2748: escaped state</a>.</dd>
2749:
2750: </dl><h5 id="script-data-escaped-end-tag-open-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.25 </span><dfn>Script data escaped end tag open state</dfn></h5>
2751:
2752: <p>Consume the <a href="#next-input-character">next input character</a>:</p>
2753:
2754: <dl class="switch"><dt>U+0041 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A through to U+005A LATIN CAPITAL LETTER Z</dt>
2755: <dd>Create a new end tag token, and set its tag name to the
2756: lowercase version of the <a href="#current-input-character">current input character</a> (add
2757: 0x0020 to the character's code point). Append the <a href="#current-input-character">current
2758: input character</a> to the <var><a href="#temporary-buffer">temporary buffer</a></var>. Finally,
2759: switch to the <a href="#script-data-escaped-end-tag-name-state">script data escaped end tag name
2760: state</a>. (Don't emit the token yet; further details will be
2761: filled in before it is emitted.)</dd>
2762:
2763: <dt>U+0061 LATIN SMALL LETTER A through to U+007A LATIN SMALL LETTER Z</dt>
2764: <dd>Create a new end tag token, and set its tag name to the
2765: <a href="#current-input-character">current input character</a>. Append the <a href="#current-input-character">current
2766: input character</a> to the <var><a href="#temporary-buffer">temporary buffer</a></var>. Finally,
2767: switch to the <a href="#script-data-escaped-end-tag-name-state">script data escaped end tag name
2768: state</a>. (Don't emit the token yet; further details will be
2769: filled in before it is emitted.)</dd>
2770:
2771: <dt>Anything else</dt>
2772: <dd>Emit a U+003C LESS-THAN SIGN character token, a U+002F SOLIDUS
2773: character token, and reconsume the <a href="#current-input-character">current input
2774: character</a> in the <a href="#script-data-escaped-state">script data escaped state</a>.</dd>
2775:
2776: </dl><h5 id="script-data-escaped-end-tag-name-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.26 </span><dfn>Script data escaped end tag name state</dfn></h5>
2777:
2778: <p>Consume the <a href="#next-input-character">next input character</a>:</p>
2779:
2780: <dl class="switch"><dt>U+0009 CHARACTER TABULATION</dt>
2781: <dt>U+000A LINE FEED (LF)</dt>
2782: <dt>U+000C FORM FEED (FF)</dt>
2783: <!--<dt>U+000D CARRIAGE RETURN (CR)</dt>-->
2784: <dt>U+0020 SPACE</dt>
2785: <dd>If the current end tag token is an <a href="#appropriate-end-tag-token">appropriate end tag
2786: token</a>, then switch to the <a href="#before-attribute-name-state">before attribute name
2787: state</a>. Otherwise, treat it as per the "anything else" entry
2788: below.</dd>
2789:
2790: <dt>U+002F SOLIDUS (/)</dt>
2791: <dd>If the current end tag token is an <a href="#appropriate-end-tag-token">appropriate end tag
2792: token</a>, then switch to the <a href="#self-closing-start-tag-state">self-closing start tag
2793: state</a>. Otherwise, treat it as per the "anything else" entry
2794: below.</dd>
2795:
2796: <dt>U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN (>)</dt>
2797: <dd>If the current end tag token is an <a href="#appropriate-end-tag-token">appropriate end tag
2798: token</a>, then emit the current tag token and switch to the
2799: <a href="#data-state">data state</a>. Otherwise, treat it as per the "anything
2800: else" entry below.</dd>
2801:
2802: <dt>U+0041 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A through to U+005A LATIN CAPITAL LETTER Z</dt>
2803: <dd>Append the lowercase version of the <a href="#current-input-character">current input
2804: character</a> (add 0x0020 to the character's code point) to the
2805: current tag token's tag name. Append the <a href="#current-input-character">current input
2806: character</a> to the <var><a href="#temporary-buffer">temporary buffer</a></var>. Stay in the
2807: <a href="#script-data-escaped-end-tag-name-state">script data escaped end tag name state</a>.</dd>
2808:
2809: <dt>U+0061 LATIN SMALL LETTER A through to U+007A LATIN SMALL LETTER Z</dt>
2810: <dd>Append the <a href="#current-input-character">current input character</a> to the current
2811: tag token's tag name. Append the <a href="#current-input-character">current input
2812: character</a> to the <var><a href="#temporary-buffer">temporary buffer</a></var>. Stay in the
2813: <a href="#script-data-escaped-end-tag-name-state">script data escaped end tag name state</a>.</dd>
2814:
2815: <dt>Anything else</dt>
2816: <dd>Emit a U+003C LESS-THAN SIGN character token, a U+002F SOLIDUS
2817: character token, a character token for each of the characters in
2818: the <var><a href="#temporary-buffer">temporary buffer</a></var> (in the order they were added to
2819: the buffer), and reconsume the <a href="#current-input-character">current input character</a>
2820: in the <a href="#script-data-escaped-state">script data escaped state</a>.</dd>
2821:
2822: </dl><h5 id="script-data-double-escape-start-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.27 </span><dfn>Script data double escape start state</dfn></h5>
2823:
2824: <p>Consume the <a href="#next-input-character">next input character</a>:</p>
2825:
2826: <dl class="switch"><dt>U+0009 CHARACTER TABULATION</dt>
2827: <dt>U+000A LINE FEED (LF)</dt>
2828: <dt>U+000C FORM FEED (FF)</dt>
2829: <!--<dt>U+000D CARRIAGE RETURN (CR)</dt>-->
2830: <dt>U+0020 SPACE</dt>
2831: <dt>U+002F SOLIDUS (/)</dt>
2832: <dt>U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN (>)</dt>
2833: <dd>Emit the <a href="#current-input-character">current input character</a> as a character
2834: token. If the <var><a href="#temporary-buffer">temporary buffer</a></var> is the string "<code title="">script</code>", then switch to the <a href="#script-data-double-escaped-state">script data
2835: double escaped state</a>. Otherwise, switch to the <a href="#script-data-escaped-state">script
2836: data escaped state</a>.</dd>
2837:
2838: <dt>U+0041 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A through to U+005A LATIN CAPITAL LETTER Z</dt>
2839: <dd>Emit the <a href="#current-input-character">current input character</a> as a character
2840: token. Append the lowercase version of the <a href="#current-input-character">current input
2841: character</a> (add 0x0020 to the character's code point) to the
2842: <var><a href="#temporary-buffer">temporary buffer</a></var>. Stay in the <a href="#script-data-double-escape-start-state">script data double
2843: escape start state</a>.</dd>
2844:
2845: <dt>U+0061 LATIN SMALL LETTER A through to U+007A LATIN SMALL LETTER Z</dt>
2846: <dd>Emit the <a href="#current-input-character">current input character</a> as a character
2847: token. Append the <a href="#current-input-character">current input character</a> to the
2848: <var><a href="#temporary-buffer">temporary buffer</a></var>. Stay in the <a href="#script-data-double-escape-start-state">script data double
2849: escape start state</a>.</dd>
2850:
2851: <dt>Anything else</dt>
2852: <dd>Reconsume the <a href="#current-input-character">current input character</a> in the
2853: <a href="#script-data-escaped-state">script data escaped state</a>.</dd>
2854:
2855: </dl><h5 id="script-data-double-escaped-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.28 </span><dfn>Script data double escaped state</dfn></h5>
2856:
2857: <p>Consume the <a href="#next-input-character">next input character</a>:</p>
2858:
2859: <dl class="switch"><dt>U+002D HYPHEN-MINUS (-)</dt>
2860: <dd>Emit a U+002D HYPHEN-MINUS character token. Switch to the
2861: <a href="#script-data-double-escaped-dash-state">script data double escaped dash state</a>.</dd>
2862:
2863: <dt>U+003C LESS-THAN SIGN (<)</dt>
2864: <dd><p>Emit a U+003C LESS-THAN SIGN character token. Switch to the
2865: <a href="#script-data-double-escaped-less-than-sign-state">script data double escaped less-than sign
2866: state</a>.</p></dd>
2867:
2868: <dt>EOF</dt>
2869: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Reconsume the EOF character in the
2870: <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd>
2871:
2872: <dt>Anything else</dt>
2873: <dd>Emit the <a href="#current-input-character">current input character</a> as a character
2874: token. Stay in the <a href="#script-data-double-escaped-state">script data double escaped
2875: state</a>.</dd>
2876:
2877: </dl><h5 id="script-data-double-escaped-dash-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.29 </span><dfn>Script data double escaped dash state</dfn></h5>
2878:
2879: <p>Consume the <a href="#next-input-character">next input character</a>:</p>
2880:
2881: <dl class="switch"><dt>U+002D HYPHEN-MINUS (-)</dt>
2882: <dd>Emit a U+002D HYPHEN-MINUS character token. Switch to the
2883: <a href="#script-data-double-escaped-dash-dash-state">script data double escaped dash dash state</a>.</dd>
2884:
2885: <dt>U+003C LESS-THAN SIGN (<)</dt>
2886: <dd><p>Emit a U+003C LESS-THAN SIGN character token. Switch to the
2887: <a href="#script-data-double-escaped-less-than-sign-state">script data double escaped less-than sign
2888: state</a>.</p></dd>
2889:
2890: <dt>EOF</dt>
2891: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Reconsume the EOF character in the
2892: <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd>
2893:
2894: <dt>Anything else</dt>
2895: <dd>Emit the <a href="#current-input-character">current input character</a> as a character
2896: token. Switch to the <a href="#script-data-double-escaped-state">script data double escaped
2897: state</a>.</dd>
2898:
2899: </dl><h5 id="script-data-double-escaped-dash-dash-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.30 </span><dfn>Script data double escaped dash dash state</dfn></h5>
2900:
2901: <p>Consume the <a href="#next-input-character">next input character</a>:</p>
2902:
2903: <dl class="switch"><dt>U+002D HYPHEN-MINUS (-)</dt>
2904: <dd>Emit a U+002D HYPHEN-MINUS character token. Stay in the
2905: <a href="#script-data-double-escaped-dash-dash-state">script data double escaped dash dash state</a>.</dd>
2906:
2907: <dt>U+003C LESS-THAN SIGN (<)</dt>
2908: <dd><p>Emit a U+003C LESS-THAN SIGN character token. Switch to the
2909: <a href="#script-data-double-escaped-less-than-sign-state">script data double escaped less-than sign
2910: state</a>.</p></dd>
2911:
2912: <dt>U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN (>)</dt>
2913: <dd>Emit a U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN character token. Switch to the
2914: <a href="#script-data-state">script data state</a>.</dd>
2915:
2916: <dt>EOF</dt>
2917: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Reconsume the EOF character in the
2918: <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd>
2919:
2920: <dt>Anything else</dt>
2921: <dd>Emit the <a href="#current-input-character">current input character</a> as a character
2922: token. Switch to the <a href="#script-data-double-escaped-state">script data double escaped
2923: state</a>.</dd>
2924:
2925: </dl><h5 id="script-data-double-escaped-less-than-sign-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.31 </span><dfn>Script data double escaped less-than sign state</dfn></h5>
2926:
2927: <p>Consume the <a href="#next-input-character">next input character</a>:</p>
2928:
2929: <dl class="switch"><dt>U+002F SOLIDUS (/)</dt>
2930: <dd>Emit a U+002F SOLIDUS character token. Set the <var><a href="#temporary-buffer">temporary
2931: buffer</a></var> to the empty string. Switch to the <a href="#script-data-double-escape-end-state">script data
2932: double escape end state</a>.</dd>
2933:
2934: <dt>Anything else</dt>
2935: <dd>Reconsume the <a href="#current-input-character">current input character</a> in the
2936: <a href="#script-data-double-escaped-state">script data double escaped state</a>.</dd>
2937:
2938: </dl><h5 id="script-data-double-escape-end-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.32 </span><dfn>Script data double escape end state</dfn></h5>
2939:
2940: <p>Consume the <a href="#next-input-character">next input character</a>:</p>
2941:
2942: <dl class="switch"><dt>U+0009 CHARACTER TABULATION</dt>
2943: <dt>U+000A LINE FEED (LF)</dt>
2944: <dt>U+000C FORM FEED (FF)</dt>
2945: <!--<dt>U+000D CARRIAGE RETURN (CR)</dt>-->
2946: <dt>U+0020 SPACE</dt>
2947: <dt>U+002F SOLIDUS (/)</dt>
2948: <dt>U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN (>)</dt>
2949: <dd>Emit the <a href="#current-input-character">current input character</a> as a character
2950: token. If the <var><a href="#temporary-buffer">temporary buffer</a></var> is the string "<code title="">script</code>", then switch to the <a href="#script-data-escaped-state">script data
2951: escaped state</a>. Otherwise, switch to the <a href="#script-data-double-escaped-state">script data
2952: double escaped state</a>.</dd>
2953:
2954: <dt>U+0041 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A through to U+005A LATIN CAPITAL LETTER Z</dt>
2955: <dd>Emit the <a href="#current-input-character">current input character</a> as a character
2956: token. Append the lowercase version of the <a href="#current-input-character">current input
2957: character</a> (add 0x0020 to the character's code point) to the
2958: <var><a href="#temporary-buffer">temporary buffer</a></var>. Stay in the <a href="#script-data-double-escape-end-state">script data double
2959: escape end state</a>.</dd>
2960:
2961: <dt>U+0061 LATIN SMALL LETTER A through to U+007A LATIN SMALL LETTER Z</dt>
2962: <dd>Emit the <a href="#current-input-character">current input character</a> as a character
2963: token. Append the <a href="#current-input-character">current input character</a> to the
2964: <var><a href="#temporary-buffer">temporary buffer</a></var>. Stay in the <a href="#script-data-double-escape-end-state">script data double
2965: escape end state</a>.</dd>
2966:
2967: <dt>Anything else</dt>
2968: <dd>Reconsume the <a href="#current-input-character">current input character</a> in the
2969: <a href="#script-data-double-escaped-state">script data double escaped state</a>.</dd>
1.1 mike 2970:
1.542 mike 2971: </dl><h5 id="before-attribute-name-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.33 </span><dfn>Before attribute name state</dfn></h5>
1.1 mike 2972:
2973: <p>Consume the <a href="#next-input-character">next input character</a>:</p>
2974:
2975: <dl class="switch"><dt>U+0009 CHARACTER TABULATION</dt>
2976: <dt>U+000A LINE FEED (LF)</dt>
2977: <dt>U+000C FORM FEED (FF)</dt>
2978: <!--<dt>U+000D CARRIAGE RETURN (CR)</dt>-->
2979: <dt>U+0020 SPACE</dt>
2980: <dd>Stay in the <a href="#before-attribute-name-state">before attribute name state</a>.</dd>
2981:
2982: <dt>U+002F SOLIDUS (/)</dt>
2983: <dd>Switch to the <a href="#self-closing-start-tag-state">self-closing start tag state</a>.</dd>
2984:
2985: <dt>U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN (>)</dt>
2986: <dd>Emit the current tag token. Switch to the <a href="#data-state">data
2987: state</a>.</dd>
2988:
2989: <dt>U+0041 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A through to U+005A LATIN CAPITAL LETTER Z</dt>
2990: <dd>Start a new attribute in the current tag token. Set that
2991: attribute's name to the lowercase version of the <a href="#current-input-character">current input
2992: character</a> (add 0x0020 to the character's code point), and its
2993: value to the empty string. Switch to the <a href="#attribute-name-state">attribute name
2994: state</a>.</dd>
2995:
2996: <dt>U+0022 QUOTATION MARK (")</dt>
2997: <dt>U+0027 APOSTROPHE (')</dt>
2998: <dt>U+003C LESS-THAN SIGN (<)</dt>
2999: <dt>U+003D EQUALS SIGN (=)</dt>
3000: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Treat it as per the "anything else"
3001: entry below.</dd>
3002:
3003: <dt>EOF</dt>
3004: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Reconsume the EOF character in the
3005: <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd>
3006:
3007: <dt>Anything else</dt>
3008: <dd>Start a new attribute in the current tag token. Set that
3009: attribute's name to the <a href="#current-input-character">current input character</a>, and its value to
3010: the empty string. Switch to the <a href="#attribute-name-state">attribute name
3011: state</a>.</dd>
3012:
1.542 mike 3013: </dl><h5 id="attribute-name-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.34 </span><dfn>Attribute name state</dfn></h5>
1.1 mike 3014:
3015: <p>Consume the <a href="#next-input-character">next input character</a>:</p>
3016:
3017: <dl class="switch"><dt>U+0009 CHARACTER TABULATION</dt>
3018: <dt>U+000A LINE FEED (LF)</dt>
3019: <dt>U+000C FORM FEED (FF)</dt>
3020: <!--<dt>U+000D CARRIAGE RETURN (CR)</dt>-->
3021: <dt>U+0020 SPACE</dt>
3022: <dd>Switch to the <a href="#after-attribute-name-state">after attribute name state</a>.</dd>
3023:
3024: <dt>U+002F SOLIDUS (/)</dt>
3025: <dd>Switch to the <a href="#self-closing-start-tag-state">self-closing start tag state</a>.</dd>
3026:
3027: <dt>U+003D EQUALS SIGN (=)</dt>
3028: <dd>Switch to the <a href="#before-attribute-value-state">before attribute value state</a>.</dd>
3029:
3030: <dt>U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN (>)</dt>
3031: <dd>Emit the current tag token. Switch to the <a href="#data-state">data
3032: state</a>.</dd>
3033:
3034: <dt>U+0041 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A through to U+005A LATIN CAPITAL LETTER Z</dt>
1.541 mike 3035: <dd>Append the lowercase version of the <a href="#current-input-character">current input
3036: character</a> (add 0x0020 to the character's code point) to the
3037: current attribute's name. Stay in the <a href="#attribute-name-state">attribute name
1.1 mike 3038: state</a>.</dd>
3039:
3040: <dt>U+0022 QUOTATION MARK (")</dt>
3041: <dt>U+0027 APOSTROPHE (')</dt>
3042: <dt>U+003C LESS-THAN SIGN (<)</dt>
3043: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Treat it as per the "anything else"
3044: entry below.</dd>
3045:
3046: <dt>EOF</dt>
3047: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Reconsume the EOF character in the
3048: <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd>
3049:
3050: <dt>Anything else</dt>
1.541 mike 3051: <dd>Append the <a href="#current-input-character">current input character</a> to the current
3052: attribute's name. Stay in the <a href="#attribute-name-state">attribute name
3053: state</a>.</dd>
1.1 mike 3054:
3055: </dl><p>When the user agent leaves the attribute name state (and before
3056: emitting the tag token, if appropriate), the complete attribute's
3057: name must be compared to the other attributes on the same token;
3058: if there is already an attribute on the token with the exact same
3059: name, then this is a <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a> and the new
3060: attribute must be dropped, along with the value that gets
3061: associated with it (if any).</p>
3062:
3063:
1.542 mike 3064: <h5 id="after-attribute-name-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.35 </span><dfn>After attribute name state</dfn></h5>
1.1 mike 3065:
3066: <p>Consume the <a href="#next-input-character">next input character</a>:</p>
3067:
3068: <dl class="switch"><dt>U+0009 CHARACTER TABULATION</dt>
3069: <dt>U+000A LINE FEED (LF)</dt>
3070: <dt>U+000C FORM FEED (FF)</dt>
3071: <!--<dt>U+000D CARRIAGE RETURN (CR)</dt>-->
3072: <dt>U+0020 SPACE</dt>
3073: <dd>Stay in the <a href="#after-attribute-name-state">after attribute name state</a>.</dd>
3074:
3075: <dt>U+002F SOLIDUS (/)</dt>
3076: <dd>Switch to the <a href="#self-closing-start-tag-state">self-closing start tag state</a>.</dd>
3077:
3078: <dt>U+003D EQUALS SIGN (=)</dt>
3079: <dd>Switch to the <a href="#before-attribute-value-state">before attribute value state</a>.</dd>
3080:
3081: <dt>U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN (>)</dt>
3082: <dd>Emit the current tag token. Switch to the <a href="#data-state">data
3083: state</a>.</dd>
3084:
3085: <dt>U+0041 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A through to U+005A LATIN CAPITAL LETTER Z</dt>
3086: <dd>Start a new attribute in the current tag token. Set that
1.541 mike 3087: attribute's name to the lowercase version of the <a href="#current-input-character">current
3088: input character</a> (add 0x0020 to the character's code point),
3089: and its value to the empty string. Switch to the <a href="#attribute-name-state">attribute
3090: name state</a>.</dd>
1.1 mike 3091:
3092: <dt>U+0022 QUOTATION MARK (")</dt>
3093: <dt>U+0027 APOSTROPHE (')</dt>
3094: <dt>U+003C LESS-THAN SIGN (<)</dt>
3095: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Treat it as per the "anything else"
3096: entry below.</dd>
3097:
3098: <dt>EOF</dt>
3099: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Reconsume the EOF character in the
3100: <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd>
3101:
3102: <dt>Anything else</dt>
3103: <dd>Start a new attribute in the current tag token. Set that
1.541 mike 3104: attribute's name to the <a href="#current-input-character">current input character</a>, and
3105: its value to the empty string. Switch to the <a href="#attribute-name-state">attribute name
1.1 mike 3106: state</a>.</dd>
3107:
1.542 mike 3108: </dl><h5 id="before-attribute-value-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.36 </span><dfn>Before attribute value state</dfn></h5>
1.1 mike 3109:
3110: <p>Consume the <a href="#next-input-character">next input character</a>:</p>
3111:
3112: <dl class="switch"><dt>U+0009 CHARACTER TABULATION</dt>
3113: <dt>U+000A LINE FEED (LF)</dt>
3114: <dt>U+000C FORM FEED (FF)</dt>
3115: <!--<dt>U+000D CARRIAGE RETURN (CR)</dt>-->
3116: <dt>U+0020 SPACE</dt>
3117: <dd>Stay in the <a href="#before-attribute-value-state">before attribute value state</a>.</dd>
3118:
3119: <dt>U+0022 QUOTATION MARK (")</dt>
3120: <dd>Switch to the <a href="#attribute-value-double-quoted-state">attribute value (double-quoted) state</a>.</dd>
3121:
3122: <dt>U+0026 AMPERSAND (&)</dt>
3123: <dd>Switch to the <a href="#attribute-value-unquoted-state">attribute value (unquoted) state</a>
1.541 mike 3124: and reconsume this <a href="#current-input-character">current input character</a>.</dd>
1.1 mike 3125:
3126: <dt>U+0027 APOSTROPHE (')</dt>
3127: <dd>Switch to the <a href="#attribute-value-single-quoted-state">attribute value (single-quoted) state</a>.</dd>
3128:
3129: <dt>U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN (>)</dt>
3130: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Emit the current tag token. Switch to
3131: the <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd>
3132:
3133: <dt>U+003C LESS-THAN SIGN (<)</dt>
3134: <dt>U+003D EQUALS SIGN (=)</dt>
1.463 mike 3135: <dt>U+0060 GRAVE ACCENT (`)</dt>
1.1 mike 3136: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Treat it as per the "anything else"
3137: entry below.</dd>
3138:
3139: <dt>EOF</dt>
3140: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Reconsume the EOF character in the
3141: <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd>
3142:
3143: <dt>Anything else</dt>
3144: <dd>Append the <a href="#current-input-character">current input character</a> to the current
3145: attribute's value. Switch to the <a href="#attribute-value-unquoted-state">attribute value (unquoted)
3146: state</a>.</dd>
3147:
1.542 mike 3148: </dl><h5 id="attribute-value-double-quoted-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.37 </span><dfn>Attribute value (double-quoted) state</dfn></h5>
1.1 mike 3149:
3150: <p>Consume the <a href="#next-input-character">next input character</a>:</p>
3151:
3152: <dl class="switch"><dt>U+0022 QUOTATION MARK (")</dt>
3153: <dd>Switch to the <a href="#after-attribute-value-quoted-state">after attribute value (quoted)
3154: state</a>.</dd>
3155:
3156: <dt>U+0026 AMPERSAND (&)</dt>
3157: <dd>Switch to the <a href="#character-reference-in-attribute-value-state">character reference in attribute value
3158: state</a>, with the <a href="#additional-allowed-character">additional allowed character</a>
3159: being U+0022 QUOTATION MARK (").</dd>
3160:
3161: <dt>EOF</dt>
3162: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Reconsume the EOF character in the
3163: <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd>
3164:
3165: <dt>Anything else</dt>
1.541 mike 3166: <dd>Append the <a href="#current-input-character">current input character</a> to the current
3167: attribute's value. Stay in the <a href="#attribute-value-double-quoted-state">attribute value
3168: (double-quoted) state</a>.</dd>
1.1 mike 3169:
1.542 mike 3170: </dl><h5 id="attribute-value-single-quoted-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.38 </span><dfn>Attribute value (single-quoted) state</dfn></h5>
1.1 mike 3171:
3172: <p>Consume the <a href="#next-input-character">next input character</a>:</p>
3173:
3174: <dl class="switch"><dt>U+0027 APOSTROPHE (')</dt>
3175: <dd>Switch to the <a href="#after-attribute-value-quoted-state">after attribute value (quoted)
3176: state</a>.</dd>
3177:
3178: <dt>U+0026 AMPERSAND (&)</dt>
3179: <dd>Switch to the <a href="#character-reference-in-attribute-value-state">character reference in attribute value
3180: state</a>, with the <a href="#additional-allowed-character">additional allowed character</a>
3181: being U+0027 APOSTROPHE (').</dd>
3182:
3183: <dt>EOF</dt>
3184: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Reconsume the EOF character in the
3185: <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd>
3186:
3187: <dt>Anything else</dt>
1.541 mike 3188: <dd>Append the <a href="#current-input-character">current input character</a> to the current
3189: attribute's value. Stay in the <a href="#attribute-value-single-quoted-state">attribute value
3190: (single-quoted) state</a>.</dd>
1.1 mike 3191:
1.542 mike 3192: </dl><h5 id="attribute-value-unquoted-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.39 </span><dfn>Attribute value (unquoted) state</dfn></h5>
1.1 mike 3193:
3194: <p>Consume the <a href="#next-input-character">next input character</a>:</p>
3195:
3196: <dl class="switch"><dt>U+0009 CHARACTER TABULATION</dt>
3197: <dt>U+000A LINE FEED (LF)</dt>
3198: <dt>U+000C FORM FEED (FF)</dt>
3199: <!--<dt>U+000D CARRIAGE RETURN (CR)</dt>-->
3200: <dt>U+0020 SPACE</dt>
3201: <dd>Switch to the <a href="#before-attribute-name-state">before attribute name state</a>.</dd>
3202:
3203: <dt>U+0026 AMPERSAND (&)</dt>
3204: <dd>Switch to the <a href="#character-reference-in-attribute-value-state">character reference in attribute value
1.299 mike 3205: state</a>, with the <a href="#additional-allowed-character">additional allowed character</a>
3206: being U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN (>).</dd>
1.1 mike 3207:
3208: <dt>U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN (>)</dt>
3209: <dd>Emit the current tag token. Switch to the <a href="#data-state">data
3210: state</a>.</dd>
3211:
3212: <dt>U+0022 QUOTATION MARK (")</dt>
3213: <dt>U+0027 APOSTROPHE (')</dt>
3214: <dt>U+003C LESS-THAN SIGN (<)</dt>
3215: <dt>U+003D EQUALS SIGN (=)</dt>
1.463 mike 3216: <dt>U+0060 GRAVE ACCENT (`)</dt>
1.1 mike 3217: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Treat it as per the "anything else"
3218: entry below.</dd>
3219:
3220: <dt>EOF</dt>
3221: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Reconsume the EOF character in the
3222: <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd>
3223:
3224: <dt>Anything else</dt>
1.541 mike 3225: <dd>Append the <a href="#current-input-character">current input character</a> to the current
3226: attribute's value. Stay in the <a href="#attribute-value-unquoted-state">attribute value (unquoted)
1.1 mike 3227: state</a>.</dd>
3228:
1.542 mike 3229: </dl><h5 id="character-reference-in-attribute-value-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.40 </span><dfn>Character reference in attribute value state</dfn></h5>
1.1 mike 3230:
3231: <p>Attempt to <a href="#consume-a-character-reference">consume a character reference</a>.</p>
3232:
3233: <p>If nothing is returned, append a U+0026 AMPERSAND character to
3234: the current attribute's value.</p>
3235:
3236: <p>Otherwise, append the returned character token to the current
3237: attribute's value.</p>
3238:
3239: <p>Finally, switch back to the attribute value state that you were
3240: in when were switched into this state.</p>
3241:
3242:
1.542 mike 3243: <h5 id="after-attribute-value-quoted-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.41 </span><dfn>After attribute value (quoted) state</dfn></h5>
1.1 mike 3244:
3245: <p>Consume the <a href="#next-input-character">next input character</a>:</p>
3246:
3247: <dl class="switch"><dt>U+0009 CHARACTER TABULATION</dt>
3248: <dt>U+000A LINE FEED (LF)</dt>
3249: <dt>U+000C FORM FEED (FF)</dt>
3250: <!--<dt>U+000D CARRIAGE RETURN (CR)</dt>-->
3251: <dt>U+0020 SPACE</dt>
3252: <dd>Switch to the <a href="#before-attribute-name-state">before attribute name state</a>.</dd>
3253:
3254: <dt>U+002F SOLIDUS (/)</dt>
3255: <dd>Switch to the <a href="#self-closing-start-tag-state">self-closing start tag state</a>.</dd>
3256:
3257: <dt>U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN (>)</dt>
3258: <dd>Emit the current tag token. Switch to the <a href="#data-state">data
3259: state</a>.</dd>
3260:
3261: <dt>EOF</dt>
3262: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Reconsume the EOF character in the
3263: <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd>
3264:
3265: <dt>Anything else</dt>
3266: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Reconsume the character in
3267: the <a href="#before-attribute-name-state">before attribute name state</a>.</dd>
3268:
1.542 mike 3269: </dl><h5 id="self-closing-start-tag-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.42 </span><dfn>Self-closing start tag state</dfn></h5>
1.1 mike 3270:
3271: <p>Consume the <a href="#next-input-character">next input character</a>:</p>
3272:
3273: <dl class="switch"><dt>U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN (>)</dt>
3274: <dd>Set the <i>self-closing flag</i> of the current tag
3275: token. Emit the current tag token. Switch to the <a href="#data-state">data
3276: state</a>.</dd>
3277:
3278: <dt>EOF</dt>
3279: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Reconsume the EOF character in the
3280: <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd>
3281:
3282: <dt>Anything else</dt>
3283: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Reconsume the character in
3284: the <a href="#before-attribute-name-state">before attribute name state</a>.</dd>
3285:
1.542 mike 3286: </dl><h5 id="bogus-comment-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.43 </span><dfn>Bogus comment state</dfn></h5>
1.1 mike 3287:
3288: <p>Consume every character up to and including the first U+003E
3289: GREATER-THAN SIGN character (>) or the end of the file (EOF),
3290: whichever comes first. Emit a comment token whose data is the
3291: concatenation of all the characters starting from and including
3292: the character that caused the state machine to switch into the
3293: bogus comment state, up to and including the character immediately
3294: before the last consumed character (i.e. up to the character just
3295: before the U+003E or EOF character). (If the comment was started
3296: by the end of the file (EOF), the token is empty.)</p>
3297:
3298: <p>Switch to the <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</p>
3299:
3300: <p>If the end of the file was reached, reconsume the EOF
3301: character.</p>
3302:
3303:
1.542 mike 3304: <h5 id="markup-declaration-open-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.44 </span><dfn>Markup declaration open state</dfn></h5>
1.1 mike 3305:
1.588 mike 3306: <p>If the next two characters are both U+002D HYPHEN-MINUS
3307: characters (-), consume those two characters, create a comment token
1.1 mike 3308: whose data is the empty string, and switch to the <a href="#comment-start-state">comment
3309: start state</a>.</p>
3310:
3311: <p>Otherwise, if the next seven characters are an <a href="infrastructure.html#ascii-case-insensitive">ASCII
3312: case-insensitive</a> match for the word "DOCTYPE", then consume
3313: those characters and switch to the <a href="#doctype-state">DOCTYPE state</a>.</p>
3314:
3315: <p>Otherwise, if the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> is "<a href="#parsing-main-inforeign" title="insertion mode: in foreign content">in foreign
3316: content</a>" and the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> is not an element
3317: in the <a href="#html-namespace-0">HTML namespace</a> and the next seven characters are
1.585 mike 3318: an <a href="infrastructure.html#case-sensitive">case-sensitive</a> match for the string "[CDATA[" (the
3319: five uppercase letters "CDATA" with a U+005B LEFT SQUARE BRACKET
3320: character before and after), then consume those characters and
3321: switch to the <a href="#cdata-section-state">CDATA section state</a>.</p>
1.1 mike 3322:
3323: <p>Otherwise, this is a <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a>. Switch to the
3324: <a href="#bogus-comment-state">bogus comment state</a>. The next character that is
3325: consumed, if any, is the first character that will be in the
3326: comment.</p>
3327:
3328:
1.542 mike 3329: <h5 id="comment-start-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.45 </span><dfn>Comment start state</dfn></h5>
1.1 mike 3330:
3331: <p>Consume the <a href="#next-input-character">next input character</a>:</p>
3332:
3333: <dl class="switch"><dt>U+002D HYPHEN-MINUS (-)</dt>
3334: <dd>Switch to the <a href="#comment-start-dash-state">comment start dash state</a>.</dd>
3335:
3336: <dt>U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN (>)</dt>
3337: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Emit the comment token. Switch to the
3338: <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd> <!-- see comment in comment end state
3339: -->
3340:
3341: <dt>EOF</dt>
3342: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Emit the comment token. Reconsume
3343: the EOF character in the <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd>
3344:
3345: <dt>Anything else</dt>
1.541 mike 3346: <dd>Append the <a href="#current-input-character">current input character</a> to the comment
3347: token's data. Switch to the <a href="#comment-state">comment state</a>.</dd>
1.1 mike 3348:
1.542 mike 3349: </dl><h5 id="comment-start-dash-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.46 </span><dfn>Comment start dash state</dfn></h5>
1.1 mike 3350:
3351: <p>Consume the <a href="#next-input-character">next input character</a>:</p>
3352:
3353: <dl class="switch"><dt>U+002D HYPHEN-MINUS (-)</dt>
3354: <dd>Switch to the <a href="#comment-end-state">comment end state</a></dd>
3355:
3356: <dt>U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN (>)</dt>
3357: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Emit the comment token. Switch to
3358: the <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd>
3359:
3360: <dt>EOF</dt>
3361: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Emit the comment token. Reconsume the
3362: EOF character in the <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd> <!-- see comment
3363: in comment end state -->
3364:
3365: <dt>Anything else</dt>
1.541 mike 3366: <dd>Append a U+002D HYPHEN-MINUS character (-) and the
3367: <a href="#current-input-character">current input character</a> to the comment token's
3368: data. Switch to the <a href="#comment-state">comment state</a>.</dd>
1.1 mike 3369:
1.542 mike 3370: </dl><h5 id="comment-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.47 </span><dfn id="comment">Comment state</dfn></h5>
1.1 mike 3371:
3372: <p>Consume the <a href="#next-input-character">next input character</a>:</p>
3373:
3374: <dl class="switch"><dt>U+002D HYPHEN-MINUS (-)</dt>
3375: <dd>Switch to the <a href="#comment-end-dash-state">comment end dash state</a></dd>
3376:
3377: <dt>EOF</dt>
3378: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Emit the comment token. Reconsume the
3379: EOF character in the <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd> <!-- see comment
3380: in comment end state -->
3381:
3382: <dt>Anything else</dt>
1.541 mike 3383: <dd>Append the <a href="#current-input-character">current input character</a> to the comment
3384: token's data. Stay in the <a href="#comment-state">comment state</a>.</dd>
1.1 mike 3385:
1.542 mike 3386: </dl><h5 id="comment-end-dash-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.48 </span><dfn>Comment end dash state</dfn></h5>
1.1 mike 3387:
3388: <p>Consume the <a href="#next-input-character">next input character</a>:</p>
3389:
3390: <dl class="switch"><dt>U+002D HYPHEN-MINUS (-)</dt>
3391: <dd>Switch to the <a href="#comment-end-state">comment end state</a></dd>
3392:
3393: <dt>EOF</dt>
3394: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Emit the comment token. Reconsume the
3395: EOF character in the <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd> <!-- see comment
3396: in comment end state -->
3397:
3398: <dt>Anything else</dt>
1.541 mike 3399: <dd>Append a U+002D HYPHEN-MINUS character (-) and the
3400: <a href="#current-input-character">current input character</a> to the comment token's
3401: data. Switch to the <a href="#comment-state">comment state</a>.</dd>
1.1 mike 3402:
1.542 mike 3403: </dl><h5 id="comment-end-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.49 </span><dfn>Comment end state</dfn></h5>
1.1 mike 3404:
3405: <p>Consume the <a href="#next-input-character">next input character</a>:</p>
3406:
3407: <dl class="switch"><dt>U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN (>)</dt>
3408: <dd>Emit the comment token. Switch to the <a href="#data-state">data
3409: state</a>.</dd>
3410:
3411: <dt>U+0009 CHARACTER TABULATION</dt>
3412: <dt>U+000A LINE FEED (LF)</dt>
3413: <dt>U+000C FORM FEED (FF)</dt>
3414: <!--<dt>U+000D CARRIAGE RETURN (CR)</dt>-->
3415: <dt>U+0020 SPACE</dt>
1.588 mike 3416: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Append two U+002D HYPHEN-MINUS
3417: characters (-) and the <a href="#current-input-character">current input character</a> to the
1.541 mike 3418: comment token's data. Switch to the <a href="#comment-end-space-state">comment end space
3419: state</a>.</dd>
1.1 mike 3420:
3421: <dt>U+0021 EXCLAMATION MARK (!)</dt>
3422: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Switch to the <a href="#comment-end-bang-state">comment end bang
3423: state</a>.</dd>
3424:
1.333 mike 3425: <dt>U+002D HYPHEN-MINUS (-)</dt>
3426: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Append a U+002D HYPHEN-MINUS
1.464 mike 3427: character (-) to the comment token's data. Stay in the
1.333 mike 3428: <a href="#comment-end-state">comment end state</a>.</dd>
3429:
1.1 mike 3430: <dt>EOF</dt>
3431: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Emit the comment token. Reconsume
3432: the EOF character in the <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd> <!-- For
3433: security reasons: otherwise, hostile user could put a <script> in
3434: a comment e.g. in a blog comment and then DOS the server so that
3435: the end tag isn't read, and then the commented <script> tag would
3436: be treated as live code -->
3437:
3438: <dt>Anything else</dt>
1.588 mike 3439: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Append two U+002D HYPHEN-MINUS
3440: characters (-) and the <a href="#current-input-character">current input character</a> to the
1.541 mike 3441: comment token's data. Switch to the <a href="#comment-state">comment
3442: state</a>.</dd>
1.1 mike 3443:
1.542 mike 3444: </dl><h5 id="comment-end-bang-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.50 </span><dfn>Comment end bang state</dfn></h5>
1.1 mike 3445:
3446: <p>Consume the <a href="#next-input-character">next input character</a>:</p>
3447:
1.333 mike 3448: <dl class="switch"><dt>U+002D HYPHEN-MINUS (-)</dt>
1.588 mike 3449: <dd>Append two U+002D HYPHEN-MINUS characters (-) and a U+0021
1.464 mike 3450: EXCLAMATION MARK character (!) to the comment token's data. Switch
1.1 mike 3451: to the <a href="#comment-end-dash-state">comment end dash state</a>.</dd>
3452:
1.333 mike 3453: <dt>U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN (>)</dt>
3454: <dd>Emit the comment token. Switch to the <a href="#data-state">data
3455: state</a>.</dd>
3456:
1.1 mike 3457: <dt>EOF</dt>
3458: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Emit the comment token. Reconsume
3459: the EOF character in the <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd> <!-- see
3460: comment in comment end state -->
3461:
3462: <dt>Anything else</dt>
1.588 mike 3463: <dd>Append two U+002D HYPHEN-MINUS characters (-), a U+0021
1.541 mike 3464: EXCLAMATION MARK character (!), and the <a href="#current-input-character">current input
3465: character</a> to the comment token's data. Switch to the
3466: <a href="#comment-state">comment state</a>.</dd>
1.1 mike 3467:
1.542 mike 3468: </dl><h5 id="comment-end-space-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.51 </span><dfn>Comment end space state</dfn></h5>
1.1 mike 3469:
3470: <p>Consume the <a href="#next-input-character">next input character</a>:</p>
3471:
1.333 mike 3472: <dl class="switch"><dt>U+0009 CHARACTER TABULATION</dt>
1.1 mike 3473: <dt>U+000A LINE FEED (LF)</dt>
3474: <dt>U+000C FORM FEED (FF)</dt>
3475: <!--<dt>U+000D CARRIAGE RETURN (CR)</dt>-->
3476: <dt>U+0020 SPACE</dt>
1.541 mike 3477: <dd>Append the <a href="#current-input-character">current input character</a> to the comment token's data. Stay in
1.1 mike 3478: the <a href="#comment-end-space-state">comment end space state</a>.</dd>
3479:
1.333 mike 3480: <dt>U+002D HYPHEN-MINUS (-)</dt>
3481: <dd>Switch to the <a href="#comment-end-dash-state">comment end dash state</a>.</dd>
3482:
3483: <dt>U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN (>)</dt>
3484: <dd>Emit the comment token. Switch to the <a href="#data-state">data
3485: state</a>.</dd>
3486:
1.1 mike 3487: <dt>EOF</dt>
3488: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Emit the comment token. Reconsume
3489: the EOF character in the <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd> <!-- see
3490: comment in comment end state -->
3491:
3492: <dt>Anything else</dt>
1.541 mike 3493: <dd>Append the <a href="#current-input-character">current input character</a> to the comment token's data. Switch
1.1 mike 3494: to the <a href="#comment-state">comment state</a>.</dd>
3495:
1.542 mike 3496: </dl><h5 id="doctype-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.52 </span><dfn>DOCTYPE state</dfn></h5>
1.1 mike 3497:
3498: <p>Consume the <a href="#next-input-character">next input character</a>:</p>
3499:
3500: <dl class="switch"><dt>U+0009 CHARACTER TABULATION</dt>
3501: <dt>U+000A LINE FEED (LF)</dt>
3502: <dt>U+000C FORM FEED (FF)</dt>
3503: <!--<dt>U+000D CARRIAGE RETURN (CR)</dt>-->
3504: <dt>U+0020 SPACE</dt>
3505: <dd>Switch to the <a href="#before-doctype-name-state">before DOCTYPE name state</a>.</dd>
3506:
3507: <dt>EOF</dt>
3508: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Create a new DOCTYPE token. Set its
3509: <i>force-quirks flag</i> to <i>on</i>. Emit the token. Reconsume
3510: the EOF character in the <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd>
3511:
3512: <dt>Anything else</dt>
3513: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Reconsume the current
3514: character in the <a href="#before-doctype-name-state">before DOCTYPE name state</a>.</dd>
3515:
1.542 mike 3516: </dl><h5 id="before-doctype-name-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.53 </span><dfn>Before DOCTYPE name state</dfn></h5>
1.1 mike 3517:
3518: <p>Consume the <a href="#next-input-character">next input character</a>:</p>
3519:
3520: <dl class="switch"><dt>U+0009 CHARACTER TABULATION</dt>
3521: <dt>U+000A LINE FEED (LF)</dt>
3522: <dt>U+000C FORM FEED (FF)</dt>
3523: <!--<dt>U+000D CARRIAGE RETURN (CR)</dt>-->
3524: <dt>U+0020 SPACE</dt>
3525: <dd>Stay in the <a href="#before-doctype-name-state">before DOCTYPE name state</a>.</dd>
3526:
3527: <dt>U+0041 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A through to U+005A LATIN CAPITAL LETTER Z</dt>
3528: <dd>Create a new DOCTYPE token. Set the token's name to the
1.541 mike 3529: lowercase version of the <a href="#current-input-character">current input character</a> (add 0x0020 to the
1.1 mike 3530: character's code point). Switch to the <a href="#doctype-name-state">DOCTYPE name
3531: state</a>.</dd>
3532:
1.333 mike 3533: <dt>U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN (>)</dt>
3534: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Create a new DOCTYPE token. Set its
3535: <i>force-quirks flag</i> to <i>on</i>. Emit the token. Switch to
3536: the <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd>
3537:
1.1 mike 3538: <dt>EOF</dt>
3539: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Create a new DOCTYPE token. Set its
3540: <i>force-quirks flag</i> to <i>on</i>. Emit the token. Reconsume
3541: the EOF character in the <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd>
3542:
3543: <dt>Anything else</dt>
3544: <dd>Create a new DOCTYPE token. Set the token's name to the
3545: <a href="#current-input-character">current input character</a>. Switch to the <a href="#doctype-name-state">DOCTYPE name
3546: state</a>.</dd>
3547:
1.542 mike 3548: </dl><h5 id="doctype-name-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.54 </span><dfn>DOCTYPE name state</dfn></h5>
1.1 mike 3549:
3550: <p>Consume the <a href="#next-input-character">next input character</a>:</p>
3551:
3552: <dl class="switch"><dt>U+0009 CHARACTER TABULATION</dt>
3553: <dt>U+000A LINE FEED (LF)</dt>
3554: <dt>U+000C FORM FEED (FF)</dt>
3555: <!--<dt>U+000D CARRIAGE RETURN (CR)</dt>-->
3556: <dt>U+0020 SPACE</dt>
3557: <dd>Switch to the <a href="#after-doctype-name-state">after DOCTYPE name state</a>.</dd>
3558:
3559: <dt>U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN (>)</dt>
3560: <dd>Emit the current DOCTYPE token. Switch to the <a href="#data-state">data
3561: state</a>.</dd>
3562:
3563: <dt>U+0041 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER A through to U+005A LATIN CAPITAL LETTER Z</dt>
1.541 mike 3564: <dd>Append the lowercase version of the <a href="#current-input-character">current input
3565: character</a> (add 0x0020 to the character's code point) to the
3566: current DOCTYPE token's name. Stay in the <a href="#doctype-name-state">DOCTYPE name
3567: state</a>.</dd>
1.1 mike 3568:
3569: <dt>EOF</dt>
3570: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Set the DOCTYPE token's
3571: <i>force-quirks flag</i> to <i>on</i>. Emit that DOCTYPE token.
3572: Reconsume the EOF character in the <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd>
3573:
3574: <dt>Anything else</dt>
1.541 mike 3575: <dd>Append the <a href="#current-input-character">current input character</a> to the current
3576: DOCTYPE token's name. Stay in the <a href="#doctype-name-state">DOCTYPE name
3577: state</a>.</dd>
1.1 mike 3578:
1.542 mike 3579: </dl><h5 id="after-doctype-name-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.55 </span><dfn>After DOCTYPE name state</dfn></h5>
1.1 mike 3580:
3581: <p>Consume the <a href="#next-input-character">next input character</a>:</p>
3582:
3583: <dl class="switch"><dt>U+0009 CHARACTER TABULATION</dt>
3584: <dt>U+000A LINE FEED (LF)</dt>
3585: <dt>U+000C FORM FEED (FF)</dt>
3586: <!--<dt>U+000D CARRIAGE RETURN (CR)</dt>-->
3587: <dt>U+0020 SPACE</dt>
3588: <dd>Stay in the <a href="#after-doctype-name-state">after DOCTYPE name state</a>.</dd>
3589:
3590: <dt>U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN (>)</dt>
3591: <dd>Emit the current DOCTYPE token. Switch to the <a href="#data-state">data
3592: state</a>.</dd>
3593:
3594: <dt>EOF</dt>
3595: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Set the DOCTYPE token's
3596: <i>force-quirks flag</i> to <i>on</i>. Emit that DOCTYPE token.
3597: Reconsume the EOF character in the <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd>
3598:
3599: <dt>Anything else</dt>
3600: <dd>
3601:
3602: <p>If the six characters starting from the <a href="#current-input-character">current input
3603: character</a> are an <a href="infrastructure.html#ascii-case-insensitive">ASCII case-insensitive</a> match
3604: for the word "PUBLIC", then consume those characters and switch to
1.444 mike 3605: the <a href="#after-doctype-public-keyword-state">after DOCTYPE public keyword state</a>.</p>
1.1 mike 3606:
3607: <p>Otherwise, if the six characters starting from the
3608: <a href="#current-input-character">current input character</a> are an <a href="infrastructure.html#ascii-case-insensitive">ASCII
3609: case-insensitive</a> match for the word "SYSTEM", then consume
1.444 mike 3610: those characters and switch to the <a href="#after-doctype-system-keyword-state">after DOCTYPE system
3611: keyword state</a>.</p>
1.1 mike 3612:
3613: <p>Otherwise, this is the <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a>. Set the
3614: DOCTYPE token's <i>force-quirks flag</i> to <i>on</i>. Switch to
3615: the <a href="#bogus-doctype-state">bogus DOCTYPE state</a>.</p>
3616:
3617: </dd>
3618:
1.542 mike 3619: </dl><h5 id="after-doctype-public-keyword-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.56 </span><dfn>After DOCTYPE public keyword state</dfn></h5>
1.444 mike 3620:
3621: <p>Consume the <a href="#next-input-character">next input character</a>:</p>
3622:
3623: <dl class="switch"><dt>U+0009 CHARACTER TABULATION</dt>
3624: <dt>U+000A LINE FEED (LF)</dt>
3625: <dt>U+000C FORM FEED (FF)</dt>
3626: <!--<dt>U+000D CARRIAGE RETURN (CR)</dt>-->
3627: <dt>U+0020 SPACE</dt>
3628: <dd>Switch to the <a href="#before-doctype-public-identifier-state">before DOCTYPE public identifier
3629: state</a>.</dd>
3630:
3631: <dt>EOF</dt>
3632: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Set the DOCTYPE token's
3633: <i>force-quirks flag</i> to <i>on</i>. Emit that DOCTYPE token.
3634: Reconsume the EOF character in the <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd>
3635:
3636: <dt>Anything else</dt>
3637: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Reconsume the current character in
3638: the <a href="#before-doctype-public-identifier-state">before DOCTYPE public identifier state</a>.</dd>
3639:
1.542 mike 3640: </dl><h5 id="before-doctype-public-identifier-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.57 </span><dfn>Before DOCTYPE public identifier state</dfn></h5>
1.1 mike 3641:
3642: <p>Consume the <a href="#next-input-character">next input character</a>:</p>
3643:
3644: <dl class="switch"><dt>U+0009 CHARACTER TABULATION</dt>
3645: <dt>U+000A LINE FEED (LF)</dt>
3646: <dt>U+000C FORM FEED (FF)</dt>
3647: <!--<dt>U+000D CARRIAGE RETURN (CR)</dt>-->
3648: <dt>U+0020 SPACE</dt>
3649: <dd>Stay in the <a href="#before-doctype-public-identifier-state">before DOCTYPE public identifier state</a>.</dd>
3650:
3651: <dt>U+0022 QUOTATION MARK (")</dt>
3652: <dd>Set the DOCTYPE token's public identifier to the empty string
3653: (not missing), then switch to the <a href="#doctype-public-identifier-double-quoted-state">DOCTYPE public identifier
3654: (double-quoted) state</a>.</dd>
3655:
3656: <dt>U+0027 APOSTROPHE (')</dt>
3657: <dd>Set the DOCTYPE token's public identifier to the empty string
3658: (not missing), then switch to the <a href="#doctype-public-identifier-single-quoted-state">DOCTYPE public identifier
3659: (single-quoted) state</a>.</dd>
3660:
3661: <dt>U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN (>)</dt>
3662: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Set the DOCTYPE token's
3663: <i>force-quirks flag</i> to <i>on</i>. Emit that DOCTYPE
3664: token. Switch to the <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd>
3665:
3666: <dt>EOF</dt>
3667: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Set the DOCTYPE token's
3668: <i>force-quirks flag</i> to <i>on</i>. Emit that DOCTYPE token.
3669: Reconsume the EOF character in the <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd>
3670:
3671: <dt>Anything else</dt>
3672: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Set the DOCTYPE token's
3673: <i>force-quirks flag</i> to <i>on</i>. Switch to the <a href="#bogus-doctype-state">bogus
3674: DOCTYPE state</a>.</dd>
3675:
1.542 mike 3676: </dl><h5 id="doctype-public-identifier-double-quoted-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.58 </span><dfn>DOCTYPE public identifier (double-quoted) state</dfn></h5>
1.1 mike 3677:
3678: <p>Consume the <a href="#next-input-character">next input character</a>:</p>
3679:
3680: <dl class="switch"><dt>U+0022 QUOTATION MARK (")</dt>
3681: <dd>Switch to the <a href="#after-doctype-public-identifier-state">after DOCTYPE public identifier state</a>.</dd>
3682:
3683: <dt>U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN (>)</dt>
3684: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Set the DOCTYPE token's
3685: <i>force-quirks flag</i> to <i>on</i>. Emit that DOCTYPE
3686: token. Switch to the <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd>
3687:
3688: <dt>EOF</dt>
3689: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Set the DOCTYPE token's
3690: <i>force-quirks flag</i> to <i>on</i>. Emit that DOCTYPE token.
3691: Reconsume the EOF character in the <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd>
3692:
3693: <dt>Anything else</dt>
3694: <dd>Append the <a href="#current-input-character">current input character</a> to the current DOCTYPE
3695: token's public identifier. Stay in the <a href="#doctype-public-identifier-double-quoted-state">DOCTYPE public
3696: identifier (double-quoted) state</a>.</dd>
3697:
1.542 mike 3698: </dl><h5 id="doctype-public-identifier-single-quoted-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.59 </span><dfn>DOCTYPE public identifier (single-quoted) state</dfn></h5>
1.1 mike 3699:
3700: <p>Consume the <a href="#next-input-character">next input character</a>:</p>
3701:
3702: <dl class="switch"><dt>U+0027 APOSTROPHE (')</dt>
3703: <dd>Switch to the <a href="#after-doctype-public-identifier-state">after DOCTYPE public identifier state</a>.</dd>
3704:
3705: <dt>U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN (>)</dt>
3706: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Set the DOCTYPE token's
3707: <i>force-quirks flag</i> to <i>on</i>. Emit that DOCTYPE
3708: token. Switch to the <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd>
3709:
3710: <dt>EOF</dt>
3711: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Set the DOCTYPE token's
3712: <i>force-quirks flag</i> to <i>on</i>. Emit that DOCTYPE token.
3713: Reconsume the EOF character in the <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd>
3714:
3715: <dt>Anything else</dt>
3716: <dd>Append the <a href="#current-input-character">current input character</a> to the current DOCTYPE
3717: token's public identifier. Stay in the <a href="#doctype-public-identifier-single-quoted-state">DOCTYPE public
3718: identifier (single-quoted) state</a>.</dd>
3719:
1.542 mike 3720: </dl><h5 id="after-doctype-public-identifier-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.60 </span><dfn>After DOCTYPE public identifier state</dfn></h5>
1.1 mike 3721:
3722: <p>Consume the <a href="#next-input-character">next input character</a>:</p>
3723:
3724: <dl class="switch"><dt>U+0009 CHARACTER TABULATION</dt>
3725: <dt>U+000A LINE FEED (LF)</dt>
3726: <dt>U+000C FORM FEED (FF)</dt>
3727: <!--<dt>U+000D CARRIAGE RETURN (CR)</dt>-->
3728: <dt>U+0020 SPACE</dt>
1.541 mike 3729: <dd>Switch to the <a href="#between-doctype-public-and-system-identifiers-state">between DOCTYPE public and system
3730: identifiers state</a>.</dd>
1.444 mike 3731:
3732: <dt>U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN (>)</dt>
3733: <dd>Emit the current DOCTYPE token. Switch to the <a href="#data-state">data
3734: state</a>.</dd>
3735:
3736: <dt>U+0022 QUOTATION MARK (")</dt>
3737: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Set the DOCTYPE token's system
3738: identifier to the empty string (not missing), then switch to the
3739: <a href="#doctype-system-identifier-double-quoted-state">DOCTYPE system identifier (double-quoted) state</a>.</dd>
3740:
3741: <dt>U+0027 APOSTROPHE (')</dt>
3742: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Set the DOCTYPE token's system
3743: identifier to the empty string (not missing), then switch to the
3744: <a href="#doctype-system-identifier-single-quoted-state">DOCTYPE system identifier (single-quoted) state</a>.</dd>
3745:
3746: <dt>EOF</dt>
3747: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Set the DOCTYPE token's
3748: <i>force-quirks flag</i> to <i>on</i>. Emit that DOCTYPE token.
3749: Reconsume the EOF character in the <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd>
3750:
3751: <dt>Anything else</dt>
3752: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Set the DOCTYPE token's
3753: <i>force-quirks flag</i> to <i>on</i>. Switch to the <a href="#bogus-doctype-state">bogus
3754: DOCTYPE state</a>.</dd>
3755:
1.542 mike 3756: </dl><h5 id="between-doctype-public-and-system-identifiers-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.61 </span><dfn>Between DOCTYPE public and system identifiers state</dfn></h5>
1.444 mike 3757:
3758: <p>Consume the <a href="#next-input-character">next input character</a>:</p>
3759:
3760: <dl class="switch"><dt>U+0009 CHARACTER TABULATION</dt>
3761: <dt>U+000A LINE FEED (LF)</dt>
3762: <dt>U+000C FORM FEED (FF)</dt>
3763: <!--<dt>U+000D CARRIAGE RETURN (CR)</dt>-->
3764: <dt>U+0020 SPACE</dt>
1.541 mike 3765: <dd>Stay in the <a href="#between-doctype-public-and-system-identifiers-state">between DOCTYPE public and system identifiers
3766: state</a>.</dd>
1.444 mike 3767:
3768: <dt>U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN (>)</dt>
3769: <dd>Emit the current DOCTYPE token. Switch to the <a href="#data-state">data
3770: state</a>.</dd>
1.1 mike 3771:
3772: <dt>U+0022 QUOTATION MARK (")</dt>
3773: <dd>Set the DOCTYPE token's system identifier to the empty string
3774: (not missing), then switch to the <a href="#doctype-system-identifier-double-quoted-state">DOCTYPE system identifier
3775: (double-quoted) state</a>.</dd>
3776:
3777: <dt>U+0027 APOSTROPHE (')</dt>
3778: <dd>Set the DOCTYPE token's system identifier to the empty string
3779: (not missing), then switch to the <a href="#doctype-system-identifier-single-quoted-state">DOCTYPE system identifier
3780: (single-quoted) state</a>.</dd>
3781:
3782: <dt>EOF</dt>
3783: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Set the DOCTYPE token's
3784: <i>force-quirks flag</i> to <i>on</i>. Emit that DOCTYPE token.
3785: Reconsume the EOF character in the <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd>
3786:
3787: <dt>Anything else</dt>
3788: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Set the DOCTYPE token's
3789: <i>force-quirks flag</i> to <i>on</i>. Switch to the <a href="#bogus-doctype-state">bogus
3790: DOCTYPE state</a>.</dd>
3791:
1.542 mike 3792: </dl><h5 id="after-doctype-system-keyword-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.62 </span><dfn>After DOCTYPE system keyword state</dfn></h5>
1.444 mike 3793:
3794: <p>Consume the <a href="#next-input-character">next input character</a>:</p>
3795:
3796: <dl class="switch"><dt>U+0009 CHARACTER TABULATION</dt>
3797: <dt>U+000A LINE FEED (LF)</dt>
3798: <dt>U+000C FORM FEED (FF)</dt>
3799: <!--<dt>U+000D CARRIAGE RETURN (CR)</dt>-->
3800: <dt>U+0020 SPACE</dt>
3801: <dd>Switch to the <a href="#before-doctype-system-identifier-state">before DOCTYPE system identifier
3802: state</a>.</dd>
3803:
3804: <dt>EOF</dt>
3805: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Set the DOCTYPE token's
3806: <i>force-quirks flag</i> to <i>on</i>. Emit that DOCTYPE token.
3807: Reconsume the EOF character in the <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd>
3808:
3809: <dt>Anything else</dt>
3810: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Reconsume the current character in
3811: the <a href="#before-doctype-system-identifier-state">before DOCTYPE system identifier state</a>.</dd>
3812:
1.542 mike 3813: </dl><h5 id="before-doctype-system-identifier-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.63 </span><dfn>Before DOCTYPE system identifier state</dfn></h5>
1.1 mike 3814:
3815: <p>Consume the <a href="#next-input-character">next input character</a>:</p>
3816:
3817: <dl class="switch"><dt>U+0009 CHARACTER TABULATION</dt>
3818: <dt>U+000A LINE FEED (LF)</dt>
3819: <dt>U+000C FORM FEED (FF)</dt>
3820: <!--<dt>U+000D CARRIAGE RETURN (CR)</dt>-->
3821: <dt>U+0020 SPACE</dt>
3822: <dd>Stay in the <a href="#before-doctype-system-identifier-state">before DOCTYPE system identifier state</a>.</dd>
3823:
3824: <dt>U+0022 QUOTATION MARK (")</dt>
3825: <dd>Set the DOCTYPE token's system identifier to the empty string
3826: (not missing), then switch to the <a href="#doctype-system-identifier-double-quoted-state">DOCTYPE system identifier
3827: (double-quoted) state</a>.</dd>
3828:
3829: <dt>U+0027 APOSTROPHE (')</dt>
3830: <dd>Set the DOCTYPE token's system identifier to the empty string
3831: (not missing), then switch to the <a href="#doctype-system-identifier-single-quoted-state">DOCTYPE system identifier
3832: (single-quoted) state</a>.</dd>
3833:
3834: <dt>U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN (>)</dt>
3835: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Set the DOCTYPE token's
3836: <i>force-quirks flag</i> to <i>on</i>. Emit that DOCTYPE
3837: token. Switch to the <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd>
3838:
3839: <dt>EOF</dt>
3840: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Set the DOCTYPE token's
3841: <i>force-quirks flag</i> to <i>on</i>. Emit that DOCTYPE token.
3842: Reconsume the EOF character in the <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd>
3843:
3844: <dt>Anything else</dt>
3845: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Set the DOCTYPE token's
3846: <i>force-quirks flag</i> to <i>on</i>. Switch to the <a href="#bogus-doctype-state">bogus
3847: DOCTYPE state</a>.</dd>
3848:
1.542 mike 3849: </dl><h5 id="doctype-system-identifier-double-quoted-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.64 </span><dfn>DOCTYPE system identifier (double-quoted) state</dfn></h5>
1.1 mike 3850:
3851: <p>Consume the <a href="#next-input-character">next input character</a>:</p>
3852:
3853: <dl class="switch"><dt>U+0022 QUOTATION MARK (")</dt>
1.541 mike 3854: <dd>Switch to the <a href="#after-doctype-system-identifier-state">after DOCTYPE system identifier
3855: state</a>.</dd>
1.1 mike 3856:
3857: <dt>U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN (>)</dt>
3858: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Set the DOCTYPE token's
3859: <i>force-quirks flag</i> to <i>on</i>. Emit that DOCTYPE
3860: token. Switch to the <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd>
3861:
3862: <dt>EOF</dt>
3863: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Set the DOCTYPE token's
3864: <i>force-quirks flag</i> to <i>on</i>. Emit that DOCTYPE token.
3865: Reconsume the EOF character in the <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd>
3866:
3867: <dt>Anything else</dt>
1.541 mike 3868: <dd>Append the <a href="#current-input-character">current input character</a> to the current
3869: DOCTYPE token's system identifier. Stay in the <a href="#doctype-system-identifier-double-quoted-state">DOCTYPE system
1.1 mike 3870: identifier (double-quoted) state</a>.</dd>
3871:
1.542 mike 3872: </dl><h5 id="doctype-system-identifier-single-quoted-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.65 </span><dfn>DOCTYPE system identifier (single-quoted) state</dfn></h5>
1.1 mike 3873:
3874: <p>Consume the <a href="#next-input-character">next input character</a>:</p>
3875:
3876: <dl class="switch"><dt>U+0027 APOSTROPHE (')</dt>
1.541 mike 3877: <dd>Switch to the <a href="#after-doctype-system-identifier-state">after DOCTYPE system identifier
3878: state</a>.</dd>
1.1 mike 3879:
3880: <dt>U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN (>)</dt>
3881: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Set the DOCTYPE token's
3882: <i>force-quirks flag</i> to <i>on</i>. Emit that DOCTYPE
3883: token. Switch to the <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd>
3884:
3885: <dt>EOF</dt>
3886: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Set the DOCTYPE token's
3887: <i>force-quirks flag</i> to <i>on</i>. Emit that DOCTYPE token.
3888: Reconsume the EOF character in the <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd>
3889:
3890: <dt>Anything else</dt>
1.541 mike 3891: <dd>Append the <a href="#current-input-character">current input character</a> to the current
3892: DOCTYPE token's system identifier. Stay in the <a href="#doctype-system-identifier-single-quoted-state">DOCTYPE system
1.1 mike 3893: identifier (single-quoted) state</a>.</dd>
3894:
1.542 mike 3895: </dl><h5 id="after-doctype-system-identifier-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.66 </span><dfn>After DOCTYPE system identifier state</dfn></h5>
1.1 mike 3896:
3897: <p>Consume the <a href="#next-input-character">next input character</a>:</p>
3898:
3899: <dl class="switch"><dt>U+0009 CHARACTER TABULATION</dt>
3900: <dt>U+000A LINE FEED (LF)</dt>
3901: <dt>U+000C FORM FEED (FF)</dt>
3902: <!--<dt>U+000D CARRIAGE RETURN (CR)</dt>-->
3903: <dt>U+0020 SPACE</dt>
1.541 mike 3904: <dd>Stay in the <a href="#after-doctype-system-identifier-state">after DOCTYPE system identifier
3905: state</a>.</dd>
1.1 mike 3906:
3907: <dt>U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN (>)</dt>
3908: <dd>Emit the current DOCTYPE token. Switch to the <a href="#data-state">data
3909: state</a>.</dd>
3910:
3911: <dt>EOF</dt>
3912: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Set the DOCTYPE token's
3913: <i>force-quirks flag</i> to <i>on</i>. Emit that DOCTYPE token.
3914: Reconsume the EOF character in the <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd>
3915:
3916: <dt>Anything else</dt>
3917: <dd><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Switch to the <a href="#bogus-doctype-state">bogus DOCTYPE
3918: state</a>. (This does <em>not</em> set the DOCTYPE token's
3919: <i>force-quirks flag</i> to <i>on</i>.)</dd>
3920:
1.542 mike 3921: </dl><h5 id="bogus-doctype-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.67 </span><dfn>Bogus DOCTYPE state</dfn></h5>
1.1 mike 3922:
3923: <p>Consume the <a href="#next-input-character">next input character</a>:</p>
3924:
3925: <dl class="switch"><dt>U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN (>)</dt>
3926: <dd>Emit the DOCTYPE token. Switch to the <a href="#data-state">data
3927: state</a>.</dd>
3928:
3929: <dt>EOF</dt>
3930: <dd>Emit the DOCTYPE token. Reconsume the EOF character in the
3931: <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd>
3932:
3933: <dt>Anything else</dt>
3934: <dd>Stay in the <a href="#bogus-doctype-state">bogus DOCTYPE state</a>.</dd>
3935:
1.542 mike 3936: </dl><h5 id="cdata-section-state"><span class="secno">9.2.4.68 </span><dfn>CDATA section state</dfn></h5>
1.1 mike 3937:
3938: <p>Consume every character up to the next occurrence of the three
3939: character sequence U+005D RIGHT SQUARE BRACKET U+005D RIGHT SQUARE
3940: BRACKET U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN (<code title="">]]></code>), or the
3941: end of the file (EOF), whichever comes first. Emit a series of
3942: character tokens consisting of all the characters consumed except
3943: the matching three character sequence at the end (if one was found
3944: before the end of the file).</p>
3945:
3946: <p>Switch to the <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</p>
3947:
3948: <p>If the end of the file was reached, reconsume the EOF
3949: character.</p>
3950:
3951:
3952:
1.542 mike 3953: <h5 id="tokenizing-character-references"><span class="secno">9.2.4.69 </span>Tokenizing character references</h5>
1.1 mike 3954:
3955: <p>This section defines how to <dfn id="consume-a-character-reference">consume a character
3956: reference</dfn>. This definition is used when parsing character
1.299 mike 3957: references <a href="#character-reference-in-data-state" title="character reference in data state">in
1.1 mike 3958: text</a> and <a href="#character-reference-in-attribute-value-state" title="character reference in attribute value
3959: state">in attributes</a>.</p>
3960:
3961: <p>The behavior depends on the identity of the next character (the
3962: one immediately after the U+0026 AMPERSAND character):</p>
3963:
3964: <dl class="switch"><dt>U+0009 CHARACTER TABULATION</dt>
3965: <dt>U+000A LINE FEED (LF)</dt>
3966: <dt>U+000C FORM FEED (FF)</dt>
3967: <!--<dt>U+000D CARRIAGE RETURN (CR)</dt>-->
3968: <dt>U+0020 SPACE</dt>
3969: <dt>U+003C LESS-THAN SIGN</dt>
3970: <dt>U+0026 AMPERSAND</dt>
3971: <dt>EOF</dt>
3972: <dt>The <dfn id="additional-allowed-character">additional allowed character</dfn>, if there is one</dt>
3973:
3974: <dd>Not a character reference. No characters are consumed, and
3975: nothing is returned. (This is not an error, either.)</dd>
3976:
3977:
3978: <dt>U+0023 NUMBER SIGN (#)</dt>
3979:
3980: <dd>
3981:
3982: <p>Consume the U+0023 NUMBER SIGN.</p>
3983:
3984: <p>The behavior further depends on the character after the U+0023
3985: NUMBER SIGN:</p>
3986:
3987: <dl class="switch"><dt>U+0078 LATIN SMALL LETTER X</dt>
3988: <dt>U+0058 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER X</dt>
3989:
3990: <dd>
3991:
3992: <p>Consume the X.</p>
3993:
3994: <p>Follow the steps below, but using the range of characters
1.464 mike 3995: U+0030 DIGIT ZERO (0) to U+0039 DIGIT NINE (9), U+0061 LATIN
3996: SMALL LETTER A to U+0066 LATIN SMALL LETTER F, and U+0041 LATIN
3997: CAPITAL LETTER A to U+0046 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER F (in other
3998: words, 0-9, A-F, a-f).</p>
1.1 mike 3999:
4000: <p>When it comes to interpreting the number, interpret it as a
4001: hexadecimal number.</p>
4002:
4003: </dd>
4004:
4005:
4006: <dt>Anything else</dt>
4007:
4008: <dd>
4009:
4010: <p>Follow the steps below, but using the range of characters
1.464 mike 4011: U+0030 DIGIT ZERO (0) to U+0039 DIGIT NINE (9).</p>
1.1 mike 4012:
4013: <p>When it comes to interpreting the number, interpret it as a
4014: decimal number.</p>
4015:
4016: </dd>
4017:
4018: </dl><p>Consume as many characters as match the range of characters
4019: given above.</p>
4020:
4021: <p>If no characters match the range, then don't consume any
4022: characters (and unconsume the U+0023 NUMBER SIGN character and, if
4023: appropriate, the X character). This is a <a href="#parse-error">parse
4024: error</a>; nothing is returned.</p>
4025:
4026: <p>Otherwise, if the next character is a U+003B SEMICOLON, consume
4027: that too. If it isn't, there is a <a href="#parse-error">parse
4028: error</a>.</p>
4029:
4030: <p>If one or more characters match the range, then take them all
4031: and interpret the string of characters as a number (either
4032: hexadecimal or decimal as appropriate).</p>
4033:
4034: <p>If that number is one of the numbers in the first column of the
4035: following table, then this is a <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a>. Find the
4036: row with that number in the first column, and return a character
4037: token for the Unicode character given in the second column of that
4038: row.</p>
4039:
4040: <table><thead><tr><th>Number </th><th colspan="2">Unicode character
4041: </th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td>0x00 </td><td>U+FFFD </td><td>REPLACEMENT CHARACTER
4042: </td></tr><tr><td>0x0D </td><td>U+000A </td><td>LINE FEED (LF)
1.464 mike 4043: </td></tr><tr><td>0x80 </td><td>U+20AC </td><td>EURO SIGN (€)
1.1 mike 4044: </td></tr><tr><td>0x81 </td><td>U+0081 </td><td><control>
1.464 mike 4045: </td></tr><tr><td>0x82 </td><td>U+201A </td><td>SINGLE LOW-9 QUOTATION MARK (‚)
4046: </td></tr><tr><td>0x83 </td><td>U+0192 </td><td>LATIN SMALL LETTER F WITH HOOK (ƒ)
4047: </td></tr><tr><td>0x84 </td><td>U+201E </td><td>DOUBLE LOW-9 QUOTATION MARK („)
4048: </td></tr><tr><td>0x85 </td><td>U+2026 </td><td>HORIZONTAL ELLIPSIS (…)
4049: </td></tr><tr><td>0x86 </td><td>U+2020 </td><td>DAGGER (†)
4050: </td></tr><tr><td>0x87 </td><td>U+2021 </td><td>DOUBLE DAGGER (‡)
4051: </td></tr><tr><td>0x88 </td><td>U+02C6 </td><td>MODIFIER LETTER CIRCUMFLEX ACCENT (ˆ)
4052: </td></tr><tr><td>0x89 </td><td>U+2030 </td><td>PER MILLE SIGN (‰)
4053: </td></tr><tr><td>0x8A </td><td>U+0160 </td><td>LATIN CAPITAL LETTER S WITH CARON (Š)
4054: </td></tr><tr><td>0x8B </td><td>U+2039 </td><td>SINGLE LEFT-POINTING ANGLE QUOTATION MARK (‹)
4055: </td></tr><tr><td>0x8C </td><td>U+0152 </td><td>LATIN CAPITAL LIGATURE OE (Œ)
1.1 mike 4056: </td></tr><tr><td>0x8D </td><td>U+008D </td><td><control>
1.464 mike 4057: </td></tr><tr><td>0x8E </td><td>U+017D </td><td>LATIN CAPITAL LETTER Z WITH CARON (Ž)
1.1 mike 4058: </td></tr><tr><td>0x8F </td><td>U+008F </td><td><control>
4059: </td></tr><tr><td>0x90 </td><td>U+0090 </td><td><control>
1.464 mike 4060: </td></tr><tr><td>0x91 </td><td>U+2018 </td><td>LEFT SINGLE QUOTATION MARK (‘)
4061: </td></tr><tr><td>0x92 </td><td>U+2019 </td><td>RIGHT SINGLE QUOTATION MARK (’)
4062: </td></tr><tr><td>0x93 </td><td>U+201C </td><td>LEFT DOUBLE QUOTATION MARK (“)
4063: </td></tr><tr><td>0x94 </td><td>U+201D </td><td>RIGHT DOUBLE QUOTATION MARK (”)
4064: </td></tr><tr><td>0x95 </td><td>U+2022 </td><td>BULLET (•)
4065: </td></tr><tr><td>0x96 </td><td>U+2013 </td><td>EN DASH (–)
4066: </td></tr><tr><td>0x97 </td><td>U+2014 </td><td>EM DASH (—)
4067: </td></tr><tr><td>0x98 </td><td>U+02DC </td><td>SMALL TILDE (˜)
4068: </td></tr><tr><td>0x99 </td><td>U+2122 </td><td>TRADE MARK SIGN (™)
4069: </td></tr><tr><td>0x9A </td><td>U+0161 </td><td>LATIN SMALL LETTER S WITH CARON (š)
4070: </td></tr><tr><td>0x9B </td><td>U+203A </td><td>SINGLE RIGHT-POINTING ANGLE QUOTATION MARK (›)
4071: </td></tr><tr><td>0x9C </td><td>U+0153 </td><td>LATIN SMALL LIGATURE OE (œ)
1.1 mike 4072: </td></tr><tr><td>0x9D </td><td>U+009D </td><td><control>
1.464 mike 4073: </td></tr><tr><td>0x9E </td><td>U+017E </td><td>LATIN SMALL LETTER Z WITH CARON (ž)
4074: </td></tr><tr><td>0x9F </td><td>U+0178 </td><td>LATIN CAPITAL LETTER Y WITH DIAERESIS (Ÿ)
1.315 mike 4075: </td></tr></tbody></table><p>Otherwise, if the number is in the range 0xD800 to 0xDFFF<!--
4076: surrogates not allowed; see the comment in the "preprocessing the
4077: input stream" section for details --> or is greater than 0x10FFFF,
4078: then this is a <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a>. Return a U+FFFD
4079: REPLACEMENT CHARACTER.</p>
1.18 mike 4080:
4081: <p>Otherwise, return a character token for the Unicode character
1.1 mike 4082: whose code point is that number.
4083:
4084: <!-- this is the same as the equivalent list in the input stream
4085: section -->
4086: If the number is in the range 0x0001 to 0x0008, <!-- HT, LF
4087: allowed --> <!-- U+000B is in the next list --> <!-- FF, CR
4088: allowed --> 0x000E to 0x001F, <!-- ASCII allowed --> 0x007F <!--to
1.315 mike 4089: 0x0084, (0x0085 NEL not allowed), 0x0086--> to 0x009F, 0xFDD0 to
4090: 0xFDEF, or is one of 0x000B, 0xFFFE, 0xFFFF, 0x1FFFE, 0x1FFFF,
4091: 0x2FFFE, 0x2FFFF, 0x3FFFE, 0x3FFFF, 0x4FFFE, 0x4FFFF, 0x5FFFE,
4092: 0x5FFFF, 0x6FFFE, 0x6FFFF, 0x7FFFE, 0x7FFFF, 0x8FFFE, 0x8FFFF,
4093: 0x9FFFE, 0x9FFFF, 0xAFFFE, 0xAFFFF, 0xBFFFE, 0xBFFFF, 0xCFFFE,
4094: 0xCFFFF, 0xDFFFE, 0xDFFFF, 0xEFFFE, 0xEFFFF, 0xFFFFE, 0xFFFFF,
4095: 0x10FFFE, or 0x10FFFF, then this is a <a href="#parse-error">parse
4096: error</a>.</p>
1.1 mike 4097:
4098: </dd>
4099:
4100:
4101: <dt>Anything else</dt>
4102:
4103: <dd>
4104:
4105: <p>Consume the maximum number of characters possible, with the
4106: consumed characters matching one of the identifiers in the first
4107: column of the <a href="named-character-references.html#named-character-references">named character references</a> table (in a
4108: <a href="infrastructure.html#case-sensitive">case-sensitive</a> manner).</p>
4109:
4110: <p>If no match can be made, then this is a <a href="#parse-error">parse
4111: error</a>. No characters are consumed, and nothing is
4112: returned.</p>
4113:
1.588 mike 4114: <p>If the last character matched is not a U+003B SEMICOLON
4115: character (;), there is a <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a>.</p>
1.1 mike 4116:
4117: <p>If the character reference is being consumed <a href="#character-reference-in-attribute-value-state" title="character reference in attribute value state">as part of an
4118: attribute</a>, and the last character matched is not a U+003B
1.588 mike 4119: SEMICOLON character (;), and the next character is in the range
4120: U+0030 DIGIT ZERO (0) to U+0039 DIGIT NINE (9), U+0041 LATIN
4121: CAPITAL LETTER A to U+005A LATIN CAPITAL LETTER Z, or U+0061 LATIN
4122: SMALL LETTER A to U+007A LATIN SMALL LETTER Z, then, for
4123: historical reasons, all the characters that were matched after the
4124: U+0026 AMPERSAND character (&) must be unconsumed, and nothing
4125: is returned.</p>
1.1 mike 4126:
4127: <p>Otherwise, return a character token for the character
4128: corresponding to the character reference name (as given by the
4129: second column of the <a href="named-character-references.html#named-character-references">named character references</a>
4130: table).</p>
4131:
4132: <div class="example">
4133:
4134: <p>If the markup contains <code title="">I'm &notit; I tell
4135: you</code>, the character reference is parsed as "not", as in,
4136: <code title="">I'm ¬it; I tell you</code>. But if the markup
4137: was <code title="">I'm &notin; I tell you</code>, the
4138: character reference would be parsed as "notin;", resulting in
4139: <code title="">I'm ∉ I tell you</code>.</p>
4140:
4141: </div>
4142:
4143: </dd>
4144:
1.266 mike 4145: </dl></div><div class="impl">
4146:
1.363 mike 4147: <!-- v2: One thing that this doesn't define is handling deeply
4148: nested documents. There are compatibility requirements around that:
4149: you can't throw away the elements altogether, consider Tux made only
4150: with opening <font> elements, one per character. Seems that the best
4151: thing to do is to close some formatting elements from the middle of
4152: the stack when you hit a limit, or something. -->
4153:
1.266 mike 4154: <h4 id="tree-construction"><span class="secno">9.2.5 </span><dfn>Tree construction</dfn></h4>
1.1 mike 4155:
4156: <p>The input to the tree construction stage is a sequence of tokens
4157: from the <a href="#tokenization">tokenization</a> stage. The tree construction
4158: stage is associated with a DOM <code>Document</code> object when a
4159: parser is created. The "output" of this stage consists of
4160: dynamically modifying or extending that document's DOM tree.</p>
4161:
4162: <p>This specification does not define when an interactive user agent
4163: has to render the <code>Document</code> so that it is available to
4164: the user, or when it has to begin accepting user input.</p>
4165:
4166: <p>As each token is emitted from the tokenizer, the user agent must
4167: process the token according to the rules given in the section
4168: corresponding to the current <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a>.</p>
4169:
4170: <p>When the steps below require the UA to <dfn id="insert-a-character">insert a
4171: character</dfn> into a node, if that node has a child immediately
4172: before where the character is to be inserted, and that child is a
4173: <code>Text</code> node, and that <code>Text</code> node was the last
4174: node that the parser inserted into the document, then the character
4175: must be appended to that <code>Text</code> node; otherwise, a new
4176: <code>Text</code> node whose data is just that character must be
4177: inserted in the appropriate place.</p>
4178:
4179: <div class="example">
4180:
4181: <p>Here are some sample inputs to the parser and the corresponding
4182: number of text nodes that they result in, assuming a user agent
4183: that executes scripts.</p>
4184:
4185: <table><thead><tr><th>Input </th><th>Number of text nodes
4186: </th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td><pre>A<script>
4187: var script = document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0];
4188: document.body.removeChild(script);
4189: </script>B</pre>
4190: </td><td>Two adjacent text nodes in the document, containing "A" and "B".
4191: </td></tr><tr><td><pre>A<script>
4192: var text = document.createTextNode('B');
4193: document.body.appendChild(text);
4194: </script>C</pre>
4195: </td><td>Four text nodes; "A" before the script, the script's contents, "B" after the script, and then, immediately after that, "C".
4196: </td></tr><tr><td><pre>A<script>
4197: var text = document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0].firstChild;
4198: text.data = 'B';
4199: document.body.appendChild(text);
4200: </script>B</pre>
4201: </td><td>Two adjacent text nodes in the document, containing "A" and "BB".
4202: </td></tr><tr><td><pre>A<table>B<tr>C</tr>C</table></pre>
4203: </td><td>Three adjacent text nodes before the table, containing "A", "B", and "CC" respectively. (This is caused by <a href="#foster-parent" title="foster parent">foster parenting</a>.)
4204: </td></tr><tr><td><pre>A<table><tr> B</tr> B</table></pre>
4205: </td><td>Two adjacent text nodes before the table, containing "A" and " B B" (space-B-space-B) respectively. (This is caused by <a href="#foster-parent" title="foster parent">foster parenting</a>.)
4206: </td></tr><tr><td><pre>A<table><tr> B</tr> </em>C</table></pre>
4207: </td><td>Three adjacent text nodes before the table, containing "A", " B" (space-B), and "C" respectively, and one text node inside the table (as a child of a <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tbody-element">tbody</a></code>) with a single space character. (Space characters separated from non-space characters by non-character tokens are not affected by <a href="#foster-parent" title="foster parent">foster parenting</a>, even if those other tokens then get ignored.)
4208: </td></tr></tbody></table></div>
4209:
4210: <p id="mutation-during-parsing">DOM mutation events must not fire
4211: for changes caused by the UA parsing the document. (Conceptually,
4212: the parser is not mutating the DOM, it is constructing it.) This
1.159 mike 4213: includes the parsing of any content inserted using <code title="dom-document-write"><a href="embedded-content-0.html#dom-document-write">document.write()</a></code> and <code title="dom-document-writeln"><a href="embedded-content-0.html#dom-document-writeln">document.writeln()</a></code> calls. <a href="references.html#refsDOMEVENTS">[DOMEVENTS]</a></p>
1.1 mike 4214:
4215: <p class="note">Not all of the tag names mentioned below are
4216: conformant tag names in this specification; many are included to
4217: handle legacy content. They still form part of the algorithm that
4218: implementations are required to implement to claim conformance.</p>
4219:
4220: <p class="note">The algorithm described below places no limit on the
4221: depth of the DOM tree generated, or on the length of tag names,
4222: attribute names, attribute values, text nodes, etc. While
4223: implementors are encouraged to avoid arbitrary limits, it is
4224: recognized that <a href="infrastructure.html#hardwareLimitations">practical
1.445 mike 4225: concerns</a> will likely force user agents to impose nesting depth
4226: constraints.</p>
1.1 mike 4227:
4228:
4229: <h5 id="creating-and-inserting-elements"><span class="secno">9.2.5.1 </span>Creating and inserting elements</h5>
4230:
4231: <p>When the steps below require the UA to <dfn id="create-an-element-for-the-token" title="create an
4232: element for the token">create an element for a token</dfn> in a
4233: particular namespace, the UA must create a node implementing the
4234: interface appropriate for the element type corresponding to the tag
4235: name of the token in the given namespace (as given in the
4236: specification that defines that element, e.g. for an <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-a-element">a</a></code>
4237: element in the <a href="#html-namespace-0">HTML namespace</a>, this specification
4238: defines it to be the <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#htmlanchorelement">HTMLAnchorElement</a></code> interface), with
4239: the tag name being the name of that element, with the node being in
4240: the given namespace, and with the attributes on the node being those
4241: given in the given token.</p>
4242:
4243: <p>The interface appropriate for an element in the <a href="#html-namespace-0">HTML
1.426 mike 4244: namespace</a> that is not defined in this specification (or
4245: <a href="infrastructure.html#other-applicable-specifications">other applicable specifications</a>) is
1.44 mike 4246: <code><a href="dom.html#htmlunknownelement">HTMLUnknownElement</a></code>. Element in other namespaces whose
1.1 mike 4247: interface is not defined by that namespace's specification must use
4248: the interface <code>Element</code>.</p>
4249:
4250: <p>When a <a href="forms.html#category-reset" title="category-reset">resettable</a> element is
4251: created in this manner, its <a href="forms.html#concept-form-reset-control" title="concept-form-reset-control">reset algorithm</a> must be
4252: invoked once the attributes are set. (This initializes the element's
4253: <a href="forms.html#concept-fe-value" title="concept-fe-value">value</a> and <a href="forms.html#concept-fe-checked" title="concept-fe-checked">checkedness</a> based on the element's
4254: attributes.)</p>
4255:
4256: <hr><p>When the steps below require the UA to <dfn id="insert-an-html-element">insert an HTML
4257: element</dfn> for a token, the UA must first <a href="#create-an-element-for-the-token">create an element
4258: for the token</a> in the <a href="#html-namespace-0">HTML namespace</a>, and then
4259: append this node to the <a href="#current-node">current node</a>, and push it onto
4260: the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> so that it is the new
4261: <a href="#current-node">current node</a>.</p>
4262:
4263: <p>The steps below may also require that the UA insert an HTML
4264: element in a particular place, in which case the UA must follow the
4265: same steps except that it must insert or append the new node in the
4266: location specified instead of appending it to the <a href="#current-node">current
4267: node</a>. (This happens in particular during the parsing of
4268: tables with invalid content.)</p>
4269:
4270: <p>If an element created by the <a href="#insert-an-html-element">insert an HTML element</a>
4271: algorithm is a <a href="forms.html#form-associated-element">form-associated element</a>, and the
4272: <a href="#form-element-pointer"><code title="">form</code> element pointer</a> is not null,
4273: and the newly created element doesn't have a <code title="attr-fae-form"><a href="forms.html#attr-fae-form">form</a></code> attribute, the user agent must
4274: <a href="forms.html#concept-form-association" title="concept-form-association">associate</a> the newly
4275: created element with the <code><a href="forms.html#the-form-element">form</a></code> element pointed to by the
4276: <a href="#form-element-pointer"><code title="">form</code> element pointer</a> before
4277: inserting it wherever it is to be inserted.</p>
4278:
4279: <hr><p>When the steps below require the UA to <dfn id="insert-a-foreign-element">insert a foreign
4280: element</dfn> for a token, the UA must first <a href="#create-an-element-for-the-token">create an element
4281: for the token</a> in the given namespace, and then append this
4282: node to the <a href="#current-node">current node</a>, and push it onto the
4283: <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> so that it is the new
4284: <a href="#current-node">current node</a>. If the newly created element has an <code title="">xmlns</code> attribute in the <a href="#xmlns-namespace">XMLNS namespace</a>
4285: whose value is not exactly the same as the element's namespace, that
4286: is a <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a>. Similarly, if the newly created
4287: element has an <code title="">xmlns:xlink</code> attribute in the
4288: <a href="#xmlns-namespace">XMLNS namespace</a> whose value is not the <a href="#xlink-namespace">XLink
4289: Namespace</a>, that is a <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a>.</p>
4290:
4291: <p>When the steps below require the user agent to <dfn id="adjust-mathml-attributes">adjust MathML
4292: attributes</dfn> for a token, then, if the token has an attribute
4293: named <code title="">definitionurl</code>, change its name to <code title="">definitionURL</code> (note the case difference).</p>
4294:
4295: <p>When the steps below require the user agent to <dfn id="adjust-svg-attributes">adjust SVG
4296: attributes</dfn> for a token, then, for each attribute on the token
4297: whose attribute name is one of the ones in the first column of the
4298: following table, change the attribute's name to the name given in
4299: the corresponding cell in the second column. (This fixes the case of
4300: SVG attributes that are not all lowercase.)</p>
4301:
4302: <table><thead><tr><th> Attribute name on token </th><th> Attribute name on element
4303: </th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td> <code title="">attributename</code> </td><td> <code title="">attributeName</code>
4304: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">attributetype</code> </td><td> <code title="">attributeType</code>
4305: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">basefrequency</code> </td><td> <code title="">baseFrequency</code>
4306: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">baseprofile</code> </td><td> <code title="">baseProfile</code>
4307: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">calcmode</code> </td><td> <code title="">calcMode</code>
4308: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">clippathunits</code> </td><td> <code title="">clipPathUnits</code>
4309: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">contentscripttype</code> </td><td> <code title="">contentScriptType</code>
4310: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">contentstyletype</code> </td><td> <code title="">contentStyleType</code>
4311: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">diffuseconstant</code> </td><td> <code title="">diffuseConstant</code>
4312: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">edgemode</code> </td><td> <code title="">edgeMode</code>
4313: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">externalresourcesrequired</code> </td><td> <code title="">externalResourcesRequired</code>
4314: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">filterres</code> </td><td> <code title="">filterRes</code>
4315: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">filterunits</code> </td><td> <code title="">filterUnits</code>
4316: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">glyphref</code> </td><td> <code title="">glyphRef</code>
4317: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">gradienttransform</code> </td><td> <code title="">gradientTransform</code>
4318: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">gradientunits</code> </td><td> <code title="">gradientUnits</code>
4319: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">kernelmatrix</code> </td><td> <code title="">kernelMatrix</code>
4320: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">kernelunitlength</code> </td><td> <code title="">kernelUnitLength</code>
4321: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">keypoints</code> </td><td> <code title="">keyPoints</code>
4322: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">keysplines</code> </td><td> <code title="">keySplines</code>
4323: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">keytimes</code> </td><td> <code title="">keyTimes</code>
4324: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">lengthadjust</code> </td><td> <code title="">lengthAdjust</code>
4325: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">limitingconeangle</code> </td><td> <code title="">limitingConeAngle</code>
4326: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">markerheight</code> </td><td> <code title="">markerHeight</code>
4327: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">markerunits</code> </td><td> <code title="">markerUnits</code>
4328: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">markerwidth</code> </td><td> <code title="">markerWidth</code>
4329: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">maskcontentunits</code> </td><td> <code title="">maskContentUnits</code>
4330: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">maskunits</code> </td><td> <code title="">maskUnits</code>
4331: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">numoctaves</code> </td><td> <code title="">numOctaves</code>
4332: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">pathlength</code> </td><td> <code title="">pathLength</code>
4333: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">patterncontentunits</code> </td><td> <code title="">patternContentUnits</code>
4334: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">patterntransform</code> </td><td> <code title="">patternTransform</code>
4335: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">patternunits</code> </td><td> <code title="">patternUnits</code>
4336: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">pointsatx</code> </td><td> <code title="">pointsAtX</code>
4337: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">pointsaty</code> </td><td> <code title="">pointsAtY</code>
4338: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">pointsatz</code> </td><td> <code title="">pointsAtZ</code>
4339: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">preservealpha</code> </td><td> <code title="">preserveAlpha</code>
4340: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">preserveaspectratio</code> </td><td> <code title="">preserveAspectRatio</code>
4341: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">primitiveunits</code> </td><td> <code title="">primitiveUnits</code>
4342: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">refx</code> </td><td> <code title="">refX</code>
4343: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">refy</code> </td><td> <code title="">refY</code>
4344: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">repeatcount</code> </td><td> <code title="">repeatCount</code>
4345: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">repeatdur</code> </td><td> <code title="">repeatDur</code>
4346: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">requiredextensions</code> </td><td> <code title="">requiredExtensions</code>
4347: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">requiredfeatures</code> </td><td> <code title="">requiredFeatures</code>
4348: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">specularconstant</code> </td><td> <code title="">specularConstant</code>
4349: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">specularexponent</code> </td><td> <code title="">specularExponent</code>
4350: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">spreadmethod</code> </td><td> <code title="">spreadMethod</code>
4351: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">startoffset</code> </td><td> <code title="">startOffset</code>
4352: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">stddeviation</code> </td><td> <code title="">stdDeviation</code>
4353: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">stitchtiles</code> </td><td> <code title="">stitchTiles</code>
4354: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">surfacescale</code> </td><td> <code title="">surfaceScale</code>
4355: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">systemlanguage</code> </td><td> <code title="">systemLanguage</code>
4356: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">tablevalues</code> </td><td> <code title="">tableValues</code>
4357: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">targetx</code> </td><td> <code title="">targetX</code>
4358: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">targety</code> </td><td> <code title="">targetY</code>
4359: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">textlength</code> </td><td> <code title="">textLength</code>
4360: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">viewbox</code> </td><td> <code title="">viewBox</code>
4361: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">viewtarget</code> </td><td> <code title="">viewTarget</code>
4362: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">xchannelselector</code> </td><td> <code title="">xChannelSelector</code>
4363: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">ychannelselector</code> </td><td> <code title="">yChannelSelector</code>
4364: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">zoomandpan</code> </td><td> <code title="">zoomAndPan</code>
4365: </td></tr></tbody></table><p>When the steps below require the user agent to <dfn id="adjust-foreign-attributes">adjust
4366: foreign attributes</dfn> for a token, then, if any of the attributes
4367: on the token match the strings given in the first column of the
4368: following table, let the attribute be a namespaced attribute, with
4369: the prefix being the string given in the corresponding cell in the
4370: second column, the local name being the string given in the
4371: corresponding cell in the third column, and the namespace being the
4372: namespace given in the corresponding cell in the fourth
4373: column. (This fixes the use of namespaced attributes, in particular
4374: <a href="dom.html#attr-xml-lang" title="attr-xml-lang"><code title="">lang</code> attributes in
4375: the <span>XML namespace</span></a>.)</p>
4376:
4377: <table><thead><tr><th> Attribute name </th><th> Prefix </th><th> Local name </th><th> Namespace
4378: </th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td> <code title="">xlink:actuate</code> </td><td> <code title="">xlink</code> </td><td> <code title="">actuate</code> </td><td> <a href="#xlink-namespace">XLink namespace</a>
4379: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">xlink:arcrole</code> </td><td> <code title="">xlink</code> </td><td> <code title="">arcrole</code> </td><td> <a href="#xlink-namespace">XLink namespace</a>
4380: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">xlink:href</code> </td><td> <code title="">xlink</code> </td><td> <code title="">href</code> </td><td> <a href="#xlink-namespace">XLink namespace</a>
4381: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">xlink:role</code> </td><td> <code title="">xlink</code> </td><td> <code title="">role</code> </td><td> <a href="#xlink-namespace">XLink namespace</a>
4382: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">xlink:show</code> </td><td> <code title="">xlink</code> </td><td> <code title="">show</code> </td><td> <a href="#xlink-namespace">XLink namespace</a>
4383: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">xlink:title</code> </td><td> <code title="">xlink</code> </td><td> <code title="">title</code> </td><td> <a href="#xlink-namespace">XLink namespace</a>
4384: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">xlink:type</code> </td><td> <code title="">xlink</code> </td><td> <code title="">type</code> </td><td> <a href="#xlink-namespace">XLink namespace</a>
4385: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">xml:base</code> </td><td> <code title="">xml</code> </td><td> <code title="">base</code> </td><td> <a href="#xml-namespace">XML namespace</a> <!-- attr-xml-base -->
4386: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">xml:lang</code> </td><td> <code title="">xml</code> </td><td> <code title="">lang</code> </td><td> <a href="#xml-namespace">XML namespace</a>
4387: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">xml:space</code> </td><td> <code title="">xml</code> </td><td> <code title="">space</code> </td><td> <a href="#xml-namespace">XML namespace</a>
4388: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">xmlns</code> </td><td> (none) </td><td> <code title="">xmlns</code> </td><td> <a href="#xmlns-namespace">XMLNS namespace</a>
4389: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">xmlns:xlink</code> </td><td> <code title="">xmlns</code> </td><td> <code title="">xlink</code> </td><td> <a href="#xmlns-namespace">XMLNS namespace</a>
1.91 mike 4390: </td></tr></tbody></table><hr><p>The <dfn id="generic-raw-text-element-parsing-algorithm">generic raw text element parsing algorithm</dfn> and the
1.1 mike 4391: <dfn id="generic-rcdata-element-parsing-algorithm">generic RCDATA element parsing algorithm</dfn> consist of the
4392: following steps. These algorithms are always invoked in response to
4393: a start tag token.</p>
4394:
4395: <ol><li><p><a href="#insert-an-html-element">Insert an HTML element</a> for the token.</p></li>
4396:
1.91 mike 4397: <li><p>If the algorithm that was invoked is the <a href="#generic-raw-text-element-parsing-algorithm">generic raw
1.541 mike 4398: text element parsing algorithm</a>, switch the tokenizer to the
4399: <a href="#rawtext-state">RAWTEXT state</a>; otherwise the algorithm invoked
4400: was the <a href="#generic-rcdata-element-parsing-algorithm">generic RCDATA element parsing algorithm</a>,
4401: switch the tokenizer to the <a href="#rcdata-state">RCDATA state</a>.</p></li>
1.1 mike 4402:
4403: <li><p>Let the <a href="#original-insertion-mode">original insertion mode</a> be the current
4404: <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a>.</p>
4405:
1.540 mike 4406: </li><li><p>Then, switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to "<a href="#parsing-main-incdata" title="insertion mode: text">text</a>".</p></li>
1.1 mike 4407:
4408: </ol><h5 id="closing-elements-that-have-implied-end-tags"><span class="secno">9.2.5.2 </span>Closing elements that have implied end tags</h5>
4409:
4410: <p>When the steps below require the UA to <dfn id="generate-implied-end-tags">generate implied end
4411: tags</dfn>, then, while the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> is a
1.422 mike 4412: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-dd-element">dd</a></code> element, a <code><a href="semantics.html#the-dt-element">dt</a></code> element, an
1.1 mike 4413: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-li-element">li</a></code> element, an <code><a href="forms.html#the-option-element">option</a></code> element, an
4414: <code><a href="forms.html#the-optgroup-element">optgroup</a></code> element, a <code><a href="semantics.html#the-p-element">p</a></code> element, an
4415: <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-rp-element">rp</a></code> element, or an <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-rt-element">rt</a></code> element, the UA must
4416: pop the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> off the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open
4417: elements</a>.</p>
4418:
4419: <p>If a step requires the UA to generate implied end tags but lists
4420: an element to exclude from the process, then the UA must perform the
4421: above steps as if that element was not in the above list.</p>
4422:
4423:
4424: <h5 id="foster-parenting"><span class="secno">9.2.5.3 </span>Foster parenting</h5>
4425:
4426: <p>Foster parenting happens when content is misnested in tables.</p>
4427:
4428: <p>When a node <var title="">node</var> is to be <dfn id="foster-parent" title="foster
4429: parent">foster parented</dfn>, the node <var title="">node</var>
4430: must be inserted into the <i><a href="#foster-parent-element">foster parent element</a></i>.</p>
4431:
4432: <p>The <dfn id="foster-parent-element">foster parent element</dfn> is the parent element of the
4433: last <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-table-element">table</a></code> element in the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open
4434: elements</a>, if there is a <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-table-element">table</a></code> element and it has
4435: such a parent element. If there is no <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-table-element">table</a></code> element in
4436: the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> (<a href="#fragment-case">fragment
4437: case</a>), then the <i><a href="#foster-parent-element">foster parent element</a></i> is the first
4438: element in the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> (the
1.159 mike 4439: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element-0">html</a></code> element). Otherwise, if there is a
1.1 mike 4440: <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-table-element">table</a></code> element in the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open
4441: elements</a>, but the last <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-table-element">table</a></code> element in the
4442: <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> has no parent, or its parent
4443: node is not an element, then the <i><a href="#foster-parent-element">foster parent element</a></i> is
4444: the element before the last <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-table-element">table</a></code> element in the
4445: <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a>.</p>
4446:
4447: <p>If the <i><a href="#foster-parent-element">foster parent element</a></i> is the parent element of the
4448: last <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-table-element">table</a></code> element in the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open
4449: elements</a>, then <var title="">node</var> must be inserted
4450: immediately <em>before</em> the last <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-table-element">table</a></code> element in
4451: the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> in the <i><a href="#foster-parent-element">foster parent
4452: element</a></i>; otherwise, <var title="">node</var> must be
4453: <em>appended</em> to the <i><a href="#foster-parent-element">foster parent element</a></i>.</p>
4454:
4455:
4456:
4457: <h5 id="the-initial-insertion-mode"><span class="secno">9.2.5.4 </span>The "<dfn title="insertion mode: initial">initial</dfn>" insertion mode</h5>
4458:
4459: <p>When the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> is "<a href="#the-initial-insertion-mode" title="insertion
4460: mode: initial">initial</a>", tokens must be handled as follows:</p>
4461:
4462: <dl class="switch"><dt>A character token that is one of U+0009 CHARACTER
4463: TABULATION, U+000A LINE FEED (LF), U+000C FORM FEED (FF),
4464: <!--U+000D CARRIAGE RETURN (CR),--> or U+0020 SPACE</dt>
4465: <dd>
4466: <p>Ignore the token.</p>
4467: </dd>
4468:
4469: <dt>A comment token</dt>
4470: <dd>
4471: <p>Append a <code>Comment</code> node to the <code>Document</code>
4472: object with the <code title="">data</code> attribute set to the
4473: data given in the comment token.</p>
4474: </dd>
4475:
4476: <dt>A DOCTYPE token</dt>
4477: <dd>
4478:
4479: <p>If the DOCTYPE token's name is not a
4480: <a href="infrastructure.html#case-sensitive">case-sensitive</a> match for the string "<code title="">html</code>", or the token's public identifier is not
4481: missing, or the token's system identifier is neither missing nor a
4482: <a href="infrastructure.html#case-sensitive">case-sensitive</a> match for the string
1.465 mike 4483: "<code><a href="infrastructure.html#about:legacy-compat">about:legacy-compat</a></code>", and none of the sets of
1.1 mike 4484: conditions in the following list are matched, then there is a
4485: <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a>. If one of the sets of conditions in the
4486: following list is matched, then there is an <dfn id="obsolete-permitted-doctype">obsolete
4487: permitted DOCTYPE</dfn>.</p>
4488:
4489: <ul><!-- only things that trigger no-quirks mode and were valid in
4490: some other spec are allowed in this list --><li>The DOCTYPE token's name is an <a href="infrastructure.html#ascii-case-insensitive">ASCII
1.98 mike 4491: case-insensitive</a> match for the string "<code title="">html</code>", the token's public identifier is the
1.1 mike 4492: <a href="infrastructure.html#case-sensitive">case-sensitive</a> string "<code title="">-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0//EN</code>", and the
4493: token's system identifier is either missing or the
4494: <a href="infrastructure.html#case-sensitive">case-sensitive</a> string "<code title="">http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40/strict.dtd</code>".</li>
4495:
4496: <li>The DOCTYPE token's name is an <a href="infrastructure.html#ascii-case-insensitive">ASCII
1.98 mike 4497: case-insensitive</a> match for the string "<code title="">html</code>", the token's public identifier is the
1.1 mike 4498: <a href="infrastructure.html#case-sensitive">case-sensitive</a> string "<code title="">-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01//EN</code>", and the
4499: token's system identifier is either missing or the
4500: <a href="infrastructure.html#case-sensitive">case-sensitive</a> string "<code title="">http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/strict.dtd</code>".</li>
4501:
4502: <li>The DOCTYPE token's name is an <a href="infrastructure.html#ascii-case-insensitive">ASCII
1.98 mike 4503: case-insensitive</a> match for the string "<code title="">html</code>", the token's public identifier is the
1.1 mike 4504: <a href="infrastructure.html#case-sensitive">case-sensitive</a> string "<code title="">-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN</code>",
4505: and the token's system identifier is the
4506: <a href="infrastructure.html#case-sensitive">case-sensitive</a> string "<code title="">http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd</code>".</li>
4507:
4508: <li>The DOCTYPE token's name is an <a href="infrastructure.html#ascii-case-insensitive">ASCII
1.98 mike 4509: case-insensitive</a> match for the string "<code title="">html</code>", the token's public identifier is the
1.1 mike 4510: <a href="infrastructure.html#case-sensitive">case-sensitive</a> string "<code title="">-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.1//EN</code>", and the
4511: token's system identifier is the <a href="infrastructure.html#case-sensitive">case-sensitive</a>
4512: string "<code title="">http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml11/DTD/xhtml11.dtd</code>".</li>
4513:
4514: </ul><p>Conformance checkers may, based on the values (including
4515: presence or lack thereof) of the DOCTYPE token's name, public
4516: identifier, or system identifier, switch to a conformance checking
4517: mode for another language (e.g. based on the DOCTYPE token a
4518: conformance checker could recognize that the document is an
1.183 mike 4519: HTML4-era document, and defer to an HTML4 conformance
1.1 mike 4520: checker.)</p>
4521:
4522: <p>Append a <code>DocumentType</code> node to the
4523: <code>Document</code> node, with the <code title="">name</code>
4524: attribute set to the name given in the DOCTYPE token, or the empty
4525: string if the name was missing; the <code title="">publicId</code>
4526: attribute set to the public identifier given in the DOCTYPE token,
4527: or the empty string if the public identifier was missing; the
4528: <code title="">systemId</code> attribute set to the system
4529: identifier given in the DOCTYPE token, or the empty string if the
4530: system identifier was missing; and the other attributes specific
4531: to <code>DocumentType</code> objects set to null and empty lists
4532: as appropriate. Associate the <code>DocumentType</code> node with
4533: the <code>Document</code> object so that it is returned as the
4534: value of the <code title="">doctype</code> attribute of the
4535: <code>Document</code> object.</p>
4536:
4537: <p id="quirks-mode-doctypes">Then, if the DOCTYPE token matches
4538: one of the conditions in the following list, then set the
4539: <code>Document</code> to <a href="dom.html#quirks-mode">quirks mode</a>:</p>
4540:
4541: <ul class="brief"><li> The <i>force-quirks flag</i> is set to <i>on</i>. </li>
4542: <li> The name is set to anything other than "<code title="">HTML</code>". </li>
4543: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">+//Silmaril//dtd html Pro v0r11 19970101//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
4544: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//AdvaSoft Ltd//DTD HTML 3.0 asWedit + extensions//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
4545: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//AS//DTD HTML 3.0 asWedit + extensions//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
4546: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//IETF//DTD HTML 2.0 Level 1//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
4547: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//IETF//DTD HTML 2.0 Level 2//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
4548: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//IETF//DTD HTML 2.0 Strict Level 1//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
4549: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//IETF//DTD HTML 2.0 Strict Level 2//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
4550: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//IETF//DTD HTML 2.0 Strict//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
4551: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//IETF//DTD HTML 2.0//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
4552: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//IETF//DTD HTML 2.1E//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
4553: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//IETF//DTD HTML 3.0//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
4554: <!--<li> The public identifier is set to: "<code title="">-//IETF//DTD HTML 3.0//EN//</code>" </li>-->
4555: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//IETF//DTD HTML 3.2 Final//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
4556: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//IETF//DTD HTML 3.2//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
4557: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//IETF//DTD HTML 3//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
4558: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//IETF//DTD HTML Level 0//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
4559: <!--<li> The public identifier is set to: "<code title="">-//IETF//DTD HTML Level 0//EN//2.0</code>" </li>-->
4560: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//IETF//DTD HTML Level 1//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
4561: <!--<li> The public identifier is set to: "<code title="">-//IETF//DTD HTML Level 1//EN//2.0</code>" </li>-->
4562: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//IETF//DTD HTML Level 2//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
4563: <!--<li> The public identifier is set to: "<code title="">-//IETF//DTD HTML Level 2//EN//2.0</code>" </li>-->
4564: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//IETF//DTD HTML Level 3//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
4565: <!--<li> The public identifier is set to: "<code title="">-//IETF//DTD HTML Level 3//EN//3.0</code>" </li>-->
4566: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//IETF//DTD HTML Strict Level 0//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
4567: <!--<li> The public identifier is set to: "<code title="">-//IETF//DTD HTML Strict Level 0//EN//2.0</code>" </li>-->
4568: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//IETF//DTD HTML Strict Level 1//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
4569: <!--<li> The public identifier is set to: "<code title="">-//IETF//DTD HTML Strict Level 1//EN//2.0</code>" </li>-->
4570: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//IETF//DTD HTML Strict Level 2//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
4571: <!--<li> The public identifier is set to: "<code title="">-//IETF//DTD HTML Strict Level 2//EN//2.0</code>" </li>-->
4572: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//IETF//DTD HTML Strict Level 3//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
4573: <!--<li> The public identifier is set to: "<code title="">-//IETF//DTD HTML Strict Level 3//EN//3.0</code>" </li>-->
4574: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//IETF//DTD HTML Strict//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
4575: <!--<li> The public identifier is set to: "<code title="">-//IETF//DTD HTML Strict//EN//2.0</code>" </li>-->
4576: <!--<li> The public identifier is set to: "<code title="">-//IETF//DTD HTML Strict//EN//3.0</code>" </li>-->
4577: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//IETF//DTD HTML//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
4578: <!--<li> The public identifier is set to: "<code title="">-//IETF//DTD HTML//EN//2.0</code>" </li>-->
4579: <!--<li> The public identifier is set to: "<code title="">-//IETF//DTD HTML//EN//3.0</code>" </li>-->
4580: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//Metrius//DTD Metrius Presentational//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
4581: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//Microsoft//DTD Internet Explorer 2.0 HTML Strict//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
4582: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//Microsoft//DTD Internet Explorer 2.0 HTML//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
4583: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//Microsoft//DTD Internet Explorer 2.0 Tables//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
4584: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//Microsoft//DTD Internet Explorer 3.0 HTML Strict//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
4585: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//Microsoft//DTD Internet Explorer 3.0 HTML//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
4586: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//Microsoft//DTD Internet Explorer 3.0 Tables//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
4587: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//Netscape Comm. Corp.//DTD HTML//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
4588: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//Netscape Comm. Corp.//DTD Strict HTML//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
4589: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//O'Reilly and Associates//DTD HTML 2.0//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
4590: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//O'Reilly and Associates//DTD HTML Extended 1.0//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
4591: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//O'Reilly and Associates//DTD HTML Extended Relaxed 1.0//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
4592: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//SoftQuad Software//DTD HoTMetaL PRO 6.0::19990601::extensions to HTML 4.0//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
4593: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//SoftQuad//DTD HoTMetaL PRO 4.0::19971010::extensions to HTML 4.0//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
4594: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//Spyglass//DTD HTML 2.0 Extended//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
4595: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//SQ//DTD HTML 2.0 HoTMetaL + extensions//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
4596: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//Sun Microsystems Corp.//DTD HotJava HTML//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
4597: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//Sun Microsystems Corp.//DTD HotJava Strict HTML//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
4598: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//W3C//DTD HTML 3 1995-03-24//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
4599: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//W3C//DTD HTML 3.2 Draft//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
4600: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//W3C//DTD HTML 3.2 Final//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
4601: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//W3C//DTD HTML 3.2//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
4602: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//W3C//DTD HTML 3.2S Draft//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
4603: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Frameset//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
4604: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
4605: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//W3C//DTD HTML Experimental 19960712//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
4606: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//W3C//DTD HTML Experimental 970421//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
4607: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//W3C//DTD W3 HTML//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
4608: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//W3O//DTD W3 HTML 3.0//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
4609: <!--<li> The public identifier is set to: "<code title="">-//W3O//DTD W3 HTML 3.0//EN//</code>" </li>-->
4610: <li> The public identifier is set to: "<code title="">-//W3O//DTD W3 HTML Strict 3.0//EN//</code>" </li>
4611: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//WebTechs//DTD Mozilla HTML 2.0//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
4612: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//WebTechs//DTD Mozilla HTML//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
4613: <li> The public identifier is set to: "<code title="">-/W3C/DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional/EN</code>" </li>
4614: <li> The public identifier is set to: "<code title="">HTML</code>" </li>
4615: <li> The system identifier is set to: "<code title="">http://www.ibm.com/data/dtd/v11/ibmxhtml1-transitional.dtd</code>" </li>
4616: <li> The system identifier is missing and the public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Frameset//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
4617: <li> The system identifier is missing and the public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
4618: </ul><p>Otherwise, if the DOCTYPE token matches one of the conditions
4619: in the following list, then set the <code>Document</code> to
4620: <a href="dom.html#limited-quirks-mode">limited quirks mode</a>:</p>
4621:
4622: <ul class="brief"><li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Frameset//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
4623: <li> The public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
4624: <li> The system identifier is not missing and the public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Frameset//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
4625: <li> The system identifier is not missing and the public identifier starts with: "<code title="">-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//<!--EN--></code>" </li>
4626: </ul><p>The name, system identifier, and public identifier strings must
4627: be compared to the values given in the lists above in an
4628: <a href="infrastructure.html#ascii-case-insensitive">ASCII case-insensitive</a> manner. A system identifier
4629: whose value is the empty string is not considered missing for the
4630: purposes of the conditions above.</p>
4631:
4632: <p>Then, switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to "<a href="#the-before-html-insertion-mode" title="insertion mode: before html">before html</a>".</p>
4633:
4634: </dd>
4635:
4636: <dt>Anything else</dt>
4637: <dd>
4638:
4639: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>.</p>
4640:
4641: <p>Set the <code>Document</code> to <a href="dom.html#quirks-mode">quirks mode</a>.</p>
4642:
4643: <p>Switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to "<a href="#the-before-html-insertion-mode" title="insertion mode: before html">before html</a>", then
4644: reprocess the current token.</p>
4645:
4646: </dd>
4647:
4648: </dl><h5 id="the-before-html-insertion-mode"><span class="secno">9.2.5.5 </span>The "<dfn title="insertion mode: before html">before html</dfn>" insertion mode</h5>
4649:
4650: <p>When the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> is "<a href="#the-before-html-insertion-mode" title="insertion
4651: mode: before html">before html</a>", tokens must be handled as follows:</p>
4652:
4653: <dl class="switch"><dt>A DOCTYPE token</dt>
4654: <dd>
4655: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Ignore the token.</p>
4656: </dd>
4657:
4658: <dt>A comment token</dt>
4659: <dd>
4660: <p>Append a <code>Comment</code> node to the <code>Document</code>
4661: object with the <code title="">data</code> attribute set to the
4662: data given in the comment token.</p>
4663: </dd>
4664:
4665: <dt>A character token that is one of U+0009 CHARACTER
4666: TABULATION, U+000A LINE FEED (LF), U+000C FORM FEED (FF),
4667: <!--U+000D CARRIAGE RETURN (CR),--> or U+0020 SPACE</dt>
4668: <dd>
4669: <p>Ignore the token.</p>
4670: </dd>
4671:
4672: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "html"</dt>
4673: <dd>
4674:
4675: <p><a href="#create-an-element-for-the-token">Create an element for the token</a> in the <a href="#html-namespace-0">HTML
4676: namespace</a>. Append it to the <code>Document</code>
4677: object. Put this element in the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open
4678: elements</a>.</p>
4679:
4680: <p id="parser-appcache">If the <code>Document</code> is being
4681: loaded as part of <a href="history.html#navigate" title="navigate">navigation</a> of a
4682: <a href="browsers.html#browsing-context">browsing context</a>, then: if the newly created element
4683: has a <code title="attr-html-manifest"><a href="semantics.html#attr-html-manifest">manifest</a></code> attribute,
4684: then <a href="infrastructure.html#resolve-a-url" title="resolve a url">resolve</a> the value of that
4685: attribute to an <a href="infrastructure.html#absolute-url">absolute URL</a>, relative to the newly
4686: created element, and if that is successful, run the <a href="offline.html#concept-appcache-init" title="concept-appcache-init">application cache selection
1.29 mike 4687: algorithm</a> with the resulting <a href="infrastructure.html#absolute-url">absolute URL</a> with
4688: any <a href="infrastructure.html#url-fragment" title="url-fragment"><fragment></a> component
4689: removed; otherwise, if there is no such attribute or resolving it
4690: fails, run the <a href="offline.html#concept-appcache-init" title="concept-appcache-init">application
4691: cache selection algorithm</a> with no manifest. The algorithm
4692: must be passed the <code>Document</code> object.</p>
1.1 mike 4693:
4694: <p>Switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to "<a href="#the-before-head-insertion-mode" title="insertion mode: before head">before head</a>".</p>
4695:
4696: </dd>
4697:
1.334 mike 4698: <dt>An end tag whose tag name is one of: "head", "body", "html", "br"</dt>
4699: <dd>
4700: <p>Act as described in the "anything else" entry below.</p>
4701: </dd>
4702:
4703: <dt>Any other end tag</dt>
4704: <dd>
4705: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Ignore the token.</p>
4706: </dd>
4707:
1.1 mike 4708: <dt>Anything else</dt>
4709: <dd>
4710:
1.159 mike 4711: <p>Create an <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element-0">html</a></code> element. Append it to the
1.1 mike 4712: <code>Document</code> object. Put this element in the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack
4713: of open elements</a>.</p>
4714:
4715: <p>If the <code>Document</code> is being loaded as part of <a href="history.html#navigate" title="navigate">navigation</a> of a <a href="browsers.html#browsing-context">browsing
4716: context</a>, then: run the <a href="offline.html#concept-appcache-init" title="concept-appcache-init">application cache selection
4717: algorithm</a> with no manifest, passing it the
4718: <code>Document</code> object.</p>
4719:
4720: <p>Switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to "<a href="#the-before-head-insertion-mode" title="insertion mode: before head">before head</a>", then
4721: reprocess the current token.</p>
4722:
4723: </dd>
4724:
4725: </dl><p>The root element can end up being removed from the
4726: <code>Document</code> object, e.g. by scripts; nothing in particular
4727: happens in such cases, content continues being appended to the nodes
4728: as described in the next section.</p>
4729:
4730:
4731: <h5 id="the-before-head-insertion-mode"><span class="secno">9.2.5.6 </span>The "<dfn title="insertion mode: before head">before head</dfn>" insertion mode</h5>
4732:
4733: <p>When the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> is "<a href="#the-before-head-insertion-mode" title="insertion
4734: mode: before head">before head</a>", tokens must be handled as follows:</p>
4735:
4736: <dl class="switch"><dt>A character token that is one of U+0009 CHARACTER
4737: TABULATION, U+000A LINE FEED (LF), U+000C FORM FEED (FF),
4738: <!--U+000D CARRIAGE RETURN (CR),--> or U+0020 SPACE</dt>
4739: <dd>
4740: <p>Ignore the token.</p> <!-- :-( -->
4741: </dd>
4742:
4743: <dt>A comment token</dt>
4744: <dd>
4745: <p>Append a <code>Comment</code> node to the <a href="#current-node">current
4746: node</a> with the <code title="">data</code> attribute set to
4747: the data given in the comment token.</p>
4748: </dd>
4749:
4750: <dt>A DOCTYPE token</dt>
4751: <dd>
4752: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Ignore the token.</p>
4753: </dd>
4754:
4755: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "html"</dt>
4756: <dd>
4757: <p>Process the token <a href="#using-the-rules-for">using the rules for</a> the "<a href="#parsing-main-inbody" title="insertion mode: in body">in body</a>" <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion
4758: mode</a>.</p>
4759: </dd>
4760:
4761: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "head"</dt>
4762: <dd>
4763:
4764: <p><a href="#insert-an-html-element">Insert an HTML element</a> for the token.</p>
4765:
4766: <p>Set the <a href="#head-element-pointer"><code title="">head</code> element pointer</a>
1.159 mike 4767: to the newly created <code><a href="semantics.html#the-head-element-0">head</a></code> element.</p>
1.1 mike 4768:
4769: <p>Switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to "<a href="#parsing-main-inhead" title="insertion mode: in head">in head</a>".</p>
4770:
4771: </dd>
4772:
4773: <dt>An end tag whose tag name is one of: "head", "body", "html", "br"</dt>
4774: <dd>
4775:
4776: <p>Act as if a start tag token with the tag name "head" and no
4777: attributes had been seen, then reprocess the current token.</p>
4778:
4779: </dd>
4780:
4781: <dt>Any other end tag</dt>
4782: <dd>
4783:
4784: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Ignore the token.</p>
4785:
4786: </dd>
4787:
4788: <dt>Anything else</dt>
4789: <dd>
4790:
4791: <p>Act as if a start tag token with the tag name "head" and no
4792: attributes had been seen, then reprocess the current
4793: token.</p>
4794:
4795: </dd>
4796:
4797: </dl><h5 id="parsing-main-inhead"><span class="secno">9.2.5.7 </span>The "<dfn title="insertion mode: in head">in head</dfn>" insertion mode</h5>
4798:
4799: <p>When the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> is "<a href="#parsing-main-inhead" title="insertion
4800: mode: in head">in head</a>", tokens must be handled as follows:</p>
4801:
4802: <dl class="switch"><dt>A character token that is one of U+0009 CHARACTER
4803: TABULATION, U+000A LINE FEED (LF), U+000C FORM FEED (FF),
4804: <!--U+000D CARRIAGE RETURN (CR),--> or U+0020 SPACE</dt>
4805: <dd>
4806: <p><a href="#insert-a-character" title="insert a character">Insert the character</a> into
4807: the <a href="#current-node">current node</a>.</p>
4808: </dd>
4809:
4810: <dt>A comment token</dt>
4811: <dd>
4812: <p>Append a <code>Comment</code> node to the <a href="#current-node">current
4813: node</a> with the <code title="">data</code> attribute set to
4814: the data given in the comment token.</p>
4815: </dd>
4816:
4817: <dt>A DOCTYPE token</dt>
4818: <dd>
4819: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Ignore the token.</p>
4820: </dd>
4821:
4822: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "html"</dt>
4823: <dd>
4824: <p>Process the token <a href="#using-the-rules-for">using the rules for</a> the "<a href="#parsing-main-inbody" title="insertion mode: in body">in body</a>" <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion
4825: mode</a>.</p>
4826: </dd>
4827:
4828: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is one of: "base", "command",
4829: "link"</dt>
4830: <dd>
4831:
4832: <p><a href="#insert-an-html-element">Insert an HTML element</a> for the token. Immediately
4833: pop the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> off the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open
4834: elements</a>.</p>
4835:
4836: <p><a href="#acknowledge-self-closing-flag" title="acknowledge self-closing flag">Acknowledge the
4837: token's <i>self-closing flag</i></a>, if it is set.</p>
4838:
4839: </dd>
4840:
4841: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "meta"</dt>
4842: <dd>
4843:
4844: <p><a href="#insert-an-html-element">Insert an HTML element</a> for the token. Immediately
4845: pop the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> off the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open
4846: elements</a>.</p>
4847:
4848: <p><a href="#acknowledge-self-closing-flag" title="acknowledge self-closing flag">Acknowledge the
4849: token's <i>self-closing flag</i></a>, if it is set.</p>
4850:
4851: <p id="meta-charset-during-parse">If the element has a <code title="attr-meta-charset"><a href="semantics.html#attr-meta-charset">charset</a></code> attribute, and its
4852: value is a supported encoding, and the <a href="#concept-encoding-confidence" title="concept-encoding-confidence">confidence</a> is
4853: currently <i>tentative</i>, then <a href="#change-the-encoding">change the
4854: encoding</a> to the encoding given by the value of the
4855: <code title="attr-meta-charset"><a href="semantics.html#attr-meta-charset">charset</a></code> attribute.</p>
4856:
4857: <p>Otherwise, if the element has a <code title="attr-meta-charset"><a href="semantics.html#attr-meta-charset">content</a></code> attribute, and
4858: applying the <a href="infrastructure.html#algorithm-for-extracting-an-encoding-from-a-content-type">algorithm for extracting an encoding from a
4859: Content-Type</a> to its value returns a supported encoding
4860: <var title="">encoding</var>, and the <a href="#concept-encoding-confidence" title="concept-encoding-confidence">confidence</a> is
4861: currently <i>tentative</i>, then <a href="#change-the-encoding">change the
4862: encoding</a> to the encoding <var title="">encoding</var>.</p>
4863:
4864: </dd>
4865:
4866: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "title"</dt>
4867: <dd>
4868: <p>Follow the <a href="#generic-rcdata-element-parsing-algorithm">generic RCDATA element parsing algorithm</a>.</p>
4869: </dd>
4870:
4871: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "noscript", if the <a href="#scripting-flag">scripting flag</a> is enabled</dt>
4872: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is one of: "noframes", "style"</dt>
4873: <dd>
1.91 mike 4874: <p>Follow the <a href="#generic-raw-text-element-parsing-algorithm">generic raw text element parsing algorithm</a>.</p>
1.1 mike 4875: </dd>
4876:
4877: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "noscript", if the <a href="#scripting-flag">scripting flag</a> is disabled</dt>
4878: <dd>
4879:
4880: <p><a href="#insert-an-html-element">Insert an HTML element</a> for the token.</p>
4881:
4882: <p>Switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to "<a href="#parsing-main-inheadnoscript" title="insertion mode: in head noscript">in head
4883: noscript</a>".</p>
4884:
4885: </dd>
4886:
4887: <dt id="scriptTag">A start tag whose tag name is "script"</dt>
4888: <dd>
4889:
4890: <ol><li><p><a href="#create-an-element-for-the-token">Create an element for the token</a> in the
4891: <a href="#html-namespace-0">HTML namespace</a>.</p></li>
4892:
4893: <li>
4894:
4895: <p>Mark the element as being <a href="semantics.html#parser-inserted">"parser-inserted"</a>.</p>
4896:
4897: <p class="note">This ensures that, if the script is external,
1.159 mike 4898: any <code title="dom-document-write"><a href="embedded-content-0.html#dom-document-write">document.write()</a></code>
1.1 mike 4899: calls in the script will execute in-line, instead of blowing the
4900: document away, as would happen in most other cases. It also
4901: prevents the script from executing until the end tag is
4902: seen.</p>
4903:
4904: </li>
4905:
4906: <li><p>If the parser was originally created for the <a href="#html-fragment-parsing-algorithm">HTML
4907: fragment parsing algorithm</a>, then mark the
1.484 mike 4908: <code><a href="semantics.html#script">script</a></code> element as <a href="semantics.html#already-started">"already
4909: started"</a>. (<a href="#fragment-case">fragment case</a>)</p></li>
1.1 mike 4910:
4911: <li><p>Append the new element to the <a href="#current-node">current node</a>
4912: and push it onto the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open
4913: elements</a>.</p></li>
4914:
1.541 mike 4915: <li><p>Switch the tokenizer to the <a href="#script-data-state">script data
4916: state</a>.</p></li>
1.1 mike 4917:
4918: <li><p>Let the <a href="#original-insertion-mode">original insertion mode</a> be the current
4919: <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a>.</p>
4920:
1.540 mike 4921: </li><li><p>Switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to "<a href="#parsing-main-incdata" title="insertion mode: text">text</a>".</p></li>
1.1 mike 4922:
4923: </ol></dd>
4924:
4925: <dt>An end tag whose tag name is "head"</dt>
4926: <dd>
4927:
4928: <p>Pop the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> (which will be the
1.159 mike 4929: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-head-element-0">head</a></code> element) off the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open
1.1 mike 4930: elements</a>.</p>
4931:
4932: <p>Switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to "<a href="#the-after-head-insertion-mode" title="insertion mode: after head">after head</a>".</p>
4933:
4934: </dd>
4935:
4936: <dt>An end tag whose tag name is one of: "body", "html", "br"</dt>
4937: <dd>
4938: <p>Act as described in the "anything else" entry below.</p>
4939: </dd>
4940:
4941: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "head"</dt>
4942: <dt>Any other end tag</dt>
4943: <dd>
4944: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Ignore the token.</p>
4945: </dd>
4946:
4947: <dt>Anything else</dt>
4948: <dd>
4949:
4950: <!-- can't get here with an EOF and a fragment case -->
4951:
4952: <p>Act as if an end tag token with the tag name "head" had
4953: been seen, and reprocess the current token.</p>
4954:
4955: </dd>
4956:
4957: </dl><h5 id="parsing-main-inheadnoscript"><span class="secno">9.2.5.8 </span>The "<dfn title="insertion mode: in head noscript">in head noscript</dfn>" insertion mode</h5>
4958:
4959: <p>When the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> is "<a href="#parsing-main-inheadnoscript" title="insertion
4960: mode: in head noscript">in head noscript</a>", tokens must be handled as follows:</p>
4961:
4962: <dl class="switch"><dt>A DOCTYPE token</dt>
4963: <dd>
4964: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Ignore the token.</p>
4965: </dd>
4966:
4967: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "html"</dt>
4968: <dd>
4969: <p>Process the token <a href="#using-the-rules-for">using the rules for</a> the "<a href="#parsing-main-inbody" title="insertion mode: in body">in body</a>" <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion
4970: mode</a>.</p>
4971: </dd>
4972:
4973: <dt>An end tag whose tag name is "noscript"</dt>
4974: <dd>
4975:
4976: <p>Pop the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> (which will be a
4977: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-noscript-element">noscript</a></code> element) from the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open
4978: elements</a>; the new <a href="#current-node">current node</a> will be a
1.159 mike 4979: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-head-element-0">head</a></code> element.</p>
1.1 mike 4980:
4981: <p>Switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to "<a href="#parsing-main-inhead" title="insertion mode: in head">in head</a>".</p>
4982:
4983: </dd>
4984:
4985: <dt>A character token that is one of U+0009 CHARACTER
4986: TABULATION, U+000A LINE FEED (LF), U+000C FORM FEED (FF),
4987: <!--U+000D CARRIAGE RETURN (CR),--> or U+0020 SPACE</dt>
4988: <dt>A comment token</dt>
4989: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is one of: "link", "meta", "noframes", "style"</dt>
4990: <dd>
4991: <p>Process the token <a href="#using-the-rules-for">using the rules for</a> the "<a href="#parsing-main-inhead" title="insertion mode: in head">in head</a>" <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion
4992: mode</a>.</p>
4993: </dd>
4994:
4995: <dt>An end tag whose tag name is "br"</dt>
4996: <dd>
4997: <p>Act as described in the "anything else" entry below.</p>
4998: </dd>
4999:
5000: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is one of: "head", "noscript"</dt>
5001: <dt>Any other end tag</dt>
5002: <dd>
5003: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Ignore the token.</p>
5004: </dd>
5005:
5006: <dt>Anything else</dt>
5007: <dd>
5008:
5009: <!-- can't get here with an EOF and a fragment case -->
5010:
5011: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Act as if an end tag with the tag
5012: name "noscript" had been seen and reprocess the current
5013: token.</p>
5014:
5015: </dd>
5016:
5017: </dl><h5 id="the-after-head-insertion-mode"><span class="secno">9.2.5.9 </span>The "<dfn title="insertion mode: after head">after head</dfn>" insertion mode</h5>
5018:
5019: <p>When the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> is "<a href="#the-after-head-insertion-mode" title="insertion
5020: mode: after head">after head</a>", tokens must be handled as follows:</p>
5021:
5022: <dl class="switch"><dt>A character token that is one of U+0009 CHARACTER
5023: TABULATION, U+000A LINE FEED (LF), U+000C FORM FEED (FF),
5024: <!--U+000D CARRIAGE RETURN (CR),--> or U+0020 SPACE</dt>
5025: <dd>
5026: <p><a href="#insert-a-character" title="insert a character">Insert the character</a> into
5027: the <a href="#current-node">current node</a>.</p>
5028: </dd>
5029:
5030: <dt>A comment token</dt>
5031: <dd>
5032: <p>Append a <code>Comment</code> node to the <a href="#current-node">current
5033: node</a> with the <code title="">data</code> attribute set to
5034: the data given in the comment token.</p>
5035: </dd>
5036:
5037: <dt>A DOCTYPE token</dt>
5038: <dd>
5039: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Ignore the token.</p>
5040: </dd>
5041:
5042: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "html"</dt>
5043: <dd>
5044: <p>Process the token <a href="#using-the-rules-for">using the rules for</a> the "<a href="#parsing-main-inbody" title="insertion mode: in body">in body</a>" <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion
5045: mode</a>.</p>
5046: </dd>
5047:
5048: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "body"</dt>
5049: <dd>
5050:
5051: <p><a href="#insert-an-html-element">Insert an HTML element</a> for the token.</p>
5052:
5053: <p>Set the <a href="#frameset-ok-flag">frameset-ok flag</a> to "not ok".</p>
5054:
5055: <p>Switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to "<a href="#parsing-main-inbody" title="insertion mode: in body">in body</a>".</p>
5056:
5057: </dd>
5058:
5059: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "frameset"</dt>
5060: <dd>
5061:
5062: <p><a href="#insert-an-html-element">Insert an HTML element</a> for the token.</p>
5063:
5064: <p>Switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to "<a href="#parsing-main-inframeset" title="insertion mode: in frameset">in frameset</a>".</p>
5065:
5066: </dd>
5067:
5068: <dt>A start tag token whose tag name is one of: "base", "link",
5069: "meta", "noframes", "script", "style", "title"</dt>
5070: <dd>
5071:
5072: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>.</p>
5073:
5074: <p>Push the node pointed to by the <a href="#head-element-pointer"><code title="">head</code> element pointer</a> onto the
5075: <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a>.</p>
5076:
5077: <p>Process the token <a href="#using-the-rules-for">using the rules for</a> the "<a href="#parsing-main-inhead" title="insertion mode: in head">in head</a>" <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion
5078: mode</a>.</p>
5079:
5080: <p>Remove the node pointed to by the <a href="#head-element-pointer"><code title="">head</code> element pointer</a> from the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack
5081: of open elements</a>.</p>
5082:
5083: <p class="note">The <a href="#head-element-pointer"><code title="">head</code> element
5084: pointer</a> cannot be null at this point.</p>
5085:
5086: </dd>
5087:
5088: <dt>An end tag whose tag name is one of: "body", "html", "br"</dt>
5089: <dd>
5090: <p>Act as described in the "anything else" entry below.</p>
5091: </dd>
5092:
5093: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "head"</dt>
5094: <dt>Any other end tag</dt>
5095: <dd>
5096: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Ignore the token.</p>
5097: </dd>
5098:
5099: <dt>Anything else</dt>
5100: <dd>
5101: <p>Act as if a start tag token with the tag name "body" and no
5102: attributes had been seen, then set the <a href="#frameset-ok-flag">frameset-ok
5103: flag</a> back to "ok", and then reprocess the current
5104: token.</p>
5105: </dd>
5106:
5107: </dl><h5 id="parsing-main-inbody"><span class="secno">9.2.5.10 </span>The "<dfn title="insertion mode: in body">in body</dfn>" insertion mode</h5>
5108:
5109: <p>When the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> is "<a href="#parsing-main-inbody" title="insertion
5110: mode: in body">in body</a>", tokens must be handled as follows:</p>
5111:
5112: <dl class="switch"><dt>A character token</dt>
5113: <dd>
5114:
5115: <p><a href="#reconstruct-the-active-formatting-elements">Reconstruct the active formatting elements</a>, if
5116: any.</p>
5117:
5118: <p><a href="#insert-a-character" title="insert a character">Insert the token's
5119: character</a> into the <a href="#current-node">current node</a>.</p>
5120:
5121: <p>If the token is not one of U+0009 CHARACTER TABULATION, U+000A
5122: LINE FEED (LF), U+000C FORM FEED (FF), <!--U+000D CARRIAGE RETURN
5123: (CR),--> or U+0020 SPACE, then set the <a href="#frameset-ok-flag">frameset-ok
5124: flag</a> to "not ok".</p>
5125:
5126: </dd>
5127:
5128: <dt>A comment token</dt>
5129: <dd>
5130: <p>Append a <code>Comment</code> node to the <a href="#current-node">current
5131: node</a> with the <code title="">data</code> attribute set to
5132: the data given in the comment token.</p>
5133: </dd>
5134:
5135: <dt>A DOCTYPE token</dt>
5136: <dd>
5137: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Ignore the token.</p>
5138: </dd>
5139:
5140: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "html"</dt>
5141: <dd>
5142: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. For each attribute on the token,
5143: check to see if the attribute is already present on the top
5144: element of the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a>. If it is not,
5145: add the attribute and its corresponding value to that element.</p>
5146: </dd>
5147:
5148: <dt>A start tag token whose tag name is one of: "base", "command",
5149: "link", "meta", "noframes", "script", "style", "title"</dt>
5150: <dd>
5151: <p>Process the token <a href="#using-the-rules-for">using the rules for</a> the "<a href="#parsing-main-inhead" title="insertion mode: in head">in head</a>" <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion
5152: mode</a>.</p>
5153: </dd>
5154:
5155: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "body"</dt>
5156: <dd>
5157:
5158: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>.</p>
5159:
5160: <p>If the second element on the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open
1.159 mike 5161: elements</a> is not a <code><a href="semantics.html#the-body-element-0">body</a></code> element, or, if the
1.1 mike 5162: <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> has only one node on it,
5163: then ignore the token. (<a href="#fragment-case">fragment case</a>)</p>
5164:
5165: <p>Otherwise, for each attribute on the token, check to see if
1.159 mike 5166: the attribute is already present on the <code><a href="semantics.html#the-body-element-0">body</a></code>
1.1 mike 5167: element (the second element) on the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open
5168: elements</a>. If it is not, add the attribute and its
5169: corresponding value to that element.</p>
5170:
5171: </dd>
5172:
5173: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "frameset"</dt>
5174: <dd>
5175:
5176: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>.</p>
5177:
5178: <p>If the second element on the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open
1.159 mike 5179: elements</a> is not a <code><a href="semantics.html#the-body-element-0">body</a></code> element, or, if the
1.1 mike 5180: <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> has only one node on it,
5181: then ignore the token. (<a href="#fragment-case">fragment case</a>)</p>
5182:
5183: <p>If the <a href="#frameset-ok-flag">frameset-ok flag</a> is set to "not ok", ignore
5184: the token.</p>
5185:
5186: <p>Otherwise, run the following steps:</p>
5187:
5188: <ol><li><p>Remove the second element on the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open
5189: elements</a> from its parent node, if it has one.</p></li>
5190:
5191: <li><p>Pop all the nodes from the bottom of the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of
5192: open elements</a>, from the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> up to,
1.159 mike 5193: but not including, the root <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element-0">html</a></code> element.</p>
1.1 mike 5194:
5195: </li><li><p><a href="#insert-an-html-element">Insert an HTML element</a> for the
5196: token.</p></li>
5197:
5198: <li><p>Switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to "<a href="#parsing-main-inframeset" title="insertion mode: in frameset">in frameset</a>".</p>
5199:
5200: </li></ol></dd>
5201:
5202: <dt>An end-of-file token</dt>
5203: <dd>
5204:
5205: <p>If there is a node in the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a>
1.422 mike 5206: that is not either a <code><a href="semantics.html#the-dd-element">dd</a></code> element, a <code><a href="semantics.html#the-dt-element">dt</a></code>
5207: element, an <code><a href="semantics.html#the-li-element">li</a></code> element, a <code><a href="semantics.html#the-p-element">p</a></code> element, a
1.1 mike 5208: <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tbody-element">tbody</a></code> element, a <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-td-element">td</a></code> element, a
5209: <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tfoot-element">tfoot</a></code> element, a <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-th-element">th</a></code> element, a
5210: <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-thead-element">thead</a></code> element, a <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tr-element">tr</a></code> element, the
1.159 mike 5211: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-body-element-0">body</a></code> element, or the <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element-0">html</a></code> element, then
1.1 mike 5212: this is a <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a>.</p> <!-- (some of those are
1.422 mike 5213: fragment cases) -->
1.1 mike 5214:
5215: <p><a href="#stop-parsing">Stop parsing</a>.</p>
5216:
5217: </dd>
5218:
5219: <dt>An end tag whose tag name is "body"</dt>
5220: <dd>
5221:
5222: <p>If the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> does not <a href="#has-an-element-in-scope" title="has an element in scope">have a <code>body</code> element
5223: in scope</a>, this is a <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a>; ignore the
5224: token.</p>
5225:
5226: <!-- if we get here, the insertion mode here is forcibly "in
5227: body". -->
5228:
5229: <p>Otherwise, if there is a node in the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open
1.422 mike 5230: elements</a> that is not either a <code><a href="semantics.html#the-dd-element">dd</a></code> element, a
1.1 mike 5231: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-dt-element">dt</a></code> element, an <code><a href="semantics.html#the-li-element">li</a></code> element, an
5232: <code><a href="forms.html#the-optgroup-element">optgroup</a></code> element, an <code><a href="forms.html#the-option-element">option</a></code> element, a
5233: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-p-element">p</a></code> element, an <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-rp-element">rp</a></code> element, an
5234: <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-rt-element">rt</a></code> element, a <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tbody-element">tbody</a></code> element, a
5235: <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-td-element">td</a></code> element, a <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tfoot-element">tfoot</a></code> element, a
5236: <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-th-element">th</a></code> element, a <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-thead-element">thead</a></code> element, a
1.159 mike 5237: <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tr-element">tr</a></code> element, the <code><a href="semantics.html#the-body-element-0">body</a></code> element, or the
5238: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element-0">html</a></code> element, then this is a <a href="#parse-error">parse
1.1 mike 5239: error</a>.</p> <!-- (some of those are fragment cases, e.g. for
5240: <tbody> you'd have hit the first paragraph since the <body>
1.422 mike 5241: wouldn't be in scope, unless it was a fragment case) -->
1.1 mike 5242:
5243: <!-- If we ever change the frameset-ok flag to an insertion mode,
5244: then we'd have to somehow keep track of its state when we switch
5245: to after-body. -->
5246:
5247: <p>Switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to "<a href="#parsing-main-afterbody" title="insertion mode: after body">after body</a>".</p>
5248:
5249: </dd>
5250:
5251: <dt>An end tag whose tag name is "html"</dt>
5252: <dd>
5253:
5254: <p>Act as if an end tag with tag name "body" had been seen,
5255: then, if that token wasn't ignored, reprocess the current
5256: token.</p>
5257:
5258: <p class="note">The fake end tag token here can only be
5259: ignored in the <a href="#fragment-case">fragment case</a>.</p>
5260:
5261: </dd>
5262:
5263: <!-- start tags for non-phrasing flow content elements -->
5264:
5265: <!-- the normal ones -->
5266: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is one of: "address", "article",
1.86 mike 5267: "aside", "blockquote", "center", <!--v2DATAGRID-->"datagrid",
1.305 mike 5268: "details", "dir", "div", "dl", "fieldset", "figure", "footer",
5269: "header", "hgroup", "menu", "nav", "ol", "p", "section", "ul"</dt>
1.1 mike 5270: <dd>
5271:
5272: <!-- As of May 2008 this doesn't match any browser exactly, but is
5273: as close to what IE does as I can get without doing the non-tree
5274: DOM nonsense, and thus should actually afford better compatibility
5275: when implemented by the other browsers. -->
5276:
5277: <p>If the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> <a href="#has-an-element-in-scope" title="has
5278: an element in scope">has a <code>p</code> element in
5279: scope</a>, then act as if an end tag with the tag name
5280: "p" had been seen.</p>
5281:
5282: <p><a href="#insert-an-html-element">Insert an HTML element</a> for the token.</p>
5283:
5284: </dd>
5285:
5286: <!-- as normal, but close h1-h6 if it's the current node -->
5287: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is one of: "h1", "h2", "h3", "h4",
5288: "h5", "h6"</dt>
5289: <dd>
5290:
5291: <p>If the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> <a href="#has-an-element-in-scope" title="has
5292: an element in scope">has a <code>p</code> element in
5293: scope</a>, then act as if an end tag with the tag name
5294: "p" had been seen.</p>
5295:
5296: <p>If the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> is an element whose tag name
5297: is one of "h1", "h2", "h3", "h4", "h5", or "h6", then this is a
5298: <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a>; pop the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> off
5299: the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a>.</p>
5300: <!-- See https://bugs.webkit.org/show_bug.cgi?id=12646 -->
5301:
5302: <p><a href="#insert-an-html-element">Insert an HTML element</a> for the token.</p>
5303:
5304: </dd>
5305:
5306: <!-- as normal, but drops leading newline -->
5307: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is one of: "pre", "listing"</dt>
5308: <dd>
5309:
5310: <p>If the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> <a href="#has-an-element-in-scope" title="has
5311: an element in scope">has a <code>p</code> element in
5312: scope</a>, then act as if an end tag with the tag name
5313: "p" had been seen.</p>
5314:
5315: <p><a href="#insert-an-html-element">Insert an HTML element</a> for the token.</p>
5316:
5317: <p>If the next token is a U+000A LINE FEED (LF) character
5318: token, then ignore that token and move on to the next
5319: one. (Newlines at the start of <code><a href="semantics.html#the-pre-element">pre</a></code> blocks are
5320: ignored as an authoring convenience.)</p>
5321:
5322: <p>Set the <a href="#frameset-ok-flag">frameset-ok flag</a> to "not ok".</p>
5323:
5324: </dd>
5325:
5326: <!-- as normal, but interacts with the form element pointer -->
5327: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "form"</dt>
5328: <dd>
5329:
5330: <p>If the <a href="#form-element-pointer"><code title="form">form</code> element
5331: pointer</a> is not null, then this is a <a href="#parse-error">parse
5332: error</a>; ignore the token.</p>
5333:
5334: <p>Otherwise:</p>
5335:
5336: <p>If the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> <a href="#has-an-element-in-scope" title="has
5337: an element in scope">has a <code>p</code> element in
5338: scope</a>, then act as if an end tag with the tag name
5339: "p" had been seen.</p>
5340:
5341: <p><a href="#insert-an-html-element">Insert an HTML element</a> for the token, and set the
5342: <a href="#form-element-pointer"><code title="form">form</code> element pointer</a> to
5343: point to the element created.</p>
5344:
5345: </dd>
5346:
5347: <!-- as normal, but imply </li> when there's another <li> open in weird cases -->
5348: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "li"</dt>
5349: <dd>
5350:
5351: <p>Run the following algorithm:</p>
5352:
5353: <ol><li><p>Set the <a href="#frameset-ok-flag">frameset-ok flag</a> to "not ok".</p></li>
5354:
5355: <li><p>Initialize <var title="">node</var> to be the <a href="#current-node">current
5356: node</a> (the bottommost node of the stack).</p></li>
5357:
1.578 mike 5358: <li><p><i>Loop</i>: If <var title="">node</var> is an
5359: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-li-element">li</a></code> element, then act as if an end tag with the tag
5360: name "li" had been seen, then jump to the last step.</p></li>
1.1 mike 5361:
1.578 mike 5362: <li><p>If <var title="">node</var> is not in the
1.1 mike 5363: <a href="#formatting">formatting</a> category, and is not in the
5364: <a href="#phrasing">phrasing</a> category, and is not an
1.306 mike 5365: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-address-element">address</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-div-element">div</a></code>, or <code><a href="semantics.html#the-p-element">p</a></code>
1.1 mike 5366: element, then jump to the last step.</p></li> <!-- an element
5367: <foo> is in this list if the following markup:
5368:
5369: <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"><body><ol><li><foo><li>
5370:
5371: ...results in the second <li> not being (in any way) a descendant
5372: of the first <li>, or if <foo> is a formatting element that gets
5373: reopened later. -->
5374:
5375: <li><p>Otherwise, set <var title="">node</var> to the previous
5376: entry in the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> and return to
5377: the step labeled <i>loop</i>.</p></li>
5378:
5379: <li>
5380:
5381: <p>This is the last step.</p>
5382:
5383: <p>If the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> <a href="#has-an-element-in-scope" title="has
5384: an element in scope">has a <code>p</code> element in
5385: scope</a>, then act as if an end tag with the tag name
5386: "p" had been seen.</p>
5387:
5388: <p>Finally, <a href="#insert-an-html-element">insert an HTML element</a> for the
5389: token.</p>
5390:
5391: </li>
5392:
5393: </ol></dd>
5394:
5395: <!-- as normal, but imply </dt> or </dd> when there's another <dt> or <dd> open in weird cases -->
1.422 mike 5396: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is one of: "dd", "dt"</dt>
1.1 mike 5397: <dd>
5398:
5399: <p>Run the following algorithm:</p>
5400:
5401: <ol><li><p>Set the <a href="#frameset-ok-flag">frameset-ok flag</a> to "not ok".</p></li>
5402:
5403: <li><p>Initialize <var title="">node</var> to be the <a href="#current-node">current
5404: node</a> (the bottommost node of the stack).</p></li>
5405:
5406: <li><p><i>Loop</i>: If <var title="">node</var> is a
1.422 mike 5407: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-dd-element">dd</a></code> or <code><a href="semantics.html#the-dt-element">dt</a></code> element, then act as if an end
5408: tag with the same tag name as <var title="">node</var> had been
5409: seen, then jump to the last step.</p></li>
1.1 mike 5410:
5411: <li><p>If <var title="">node</var> is not in the
5412: <a href="#formatting">formatting</a> category, and is not in the
5413: <a href="#phrasing">phrasing</a> category, and is not an
1.306 mike 5414: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-address-element">address</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-div-element">div</a></code>, or <code><a href="semantics.html#the-p-element">p</a></code>
1.1 mike 5415: element, then jump to the last step.</p></li> <!-- an element
5416: <foo> is in this list if the following markup:
5417:
5418: <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"><body><dl><dt><foo><dt>
5419:
5420: ...results in the second <dt> not being (in any way) a descendant
5421: of the first <dt>, or if <foo> is a formatting element that gets
5422: reopened later. -->
5423:
5424: <li><p>Otherwise, set <var title="">node</var> to the previous
5425: entry in the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> and return to
5426: the step labeled <i>loop</i>.</p></li>
5427:
5428: <li>
5429:
5430: <p>This is the last step.</p>
5431:
5432: <p>If the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> <a href="#has-an-element-in-scope" title="has
5433: an element in scope">has a <code>p</code> element in
5434: scope</a>, then act as if an end tag with the tag name
5435: "p" had been seen.</p>
5436:
5437: <p>Finally, <a href="#insert-an-html-element">insert an HTML element</a> for the
5438: token.</p>
5439:
5440: </li>
5441:
5442: </ol></dd>
5443:
5444: <!-- same as normal, but effectively ends parsing -->
5445: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "plaintext"</dt>
5446: <dd>
5447:
5448: <p>If the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> <a href="#has-an-element-in-scope" title="has
5449: an element in scope">has a <code>p</code> element in
5450: scope</a>, then act as if an end tag with the tag name
5451: "p" had been seen.</p>
5452:
5453: <p><a href="#insert-an-html-element">Insert an HTML element</a> for the token.</p>
5454:
1.541 mike 5455: <p>Switch the tokenizer to the <a href="#plaintext-state">PLAINTEXT state</a>.</p>
1.1 mike 5456:
1.541 mike 5457: <p class="note">Once a start tag with the tag name "plaintext" has
5458: been seen, that will be the last token ever seen other than
5459: character tokens (and the end-of-file token), because there is no
5460: way to switch out of the <a href="#plaintext-state">PLAINTEXT state</a>.</p>
1.1 mike 5461:
5462: </dd>
5463:
5464: <!-- end tags for non-phrasing flow content elements -->
5465:
5466: <!-- the normal ones -->
5467: <dt>An end tag whose tag name is one of: "address", "article",
1.86 mike 5468: "aside", "blockquote", "center", <!--v2DATAGRID-->"datagrid",
1.305 mike 5469: "details", "dir", "div", "dl", "fieldset", "figure", "footer",
5470: "header", "hgroup", "listing", "menu", "nav", "ol", "pre",
5471: "section", "ul"</dt>
1.1 mike 5472: <dd>
5473:
5474: <p>If the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> does not <a href="#has-an-element-in-scope" title="has an element in scope">have an element in scope</a>
5475: with the same tag name as that of the token, then this is a
5476: <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a>; ignore the token.</p>
5477:
5478: <p>Otherwise, run these steps:</p>
5479:
5480: <ol><li><p><a href="#generate-implied-end-tags">Generate implied end tags</a>.</p></li>
5481:
5482: <li><p>If the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> is not an element with
5483: the same tag name as that of the token, then this is a
5484: <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a>.</p></li>
5485:
5486: <li><p>Pop elements from the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a>
5487: until an element with the same tag name as the token has been
5488: popped from the stack.</p></li>
5489:
5490: </ol></dd>
5491:
5492: <!-- removes the form element pointer instead of the matching node -->
5493: <dt>An end tag whose tag name is "form"</dt>
5494: <dd>
5495:
5496: <p>Let <var title="">node</var> be the element that the
5497: <a href="#form-element-pointer"><code title="">form</code> element pointer</a> is set
5498: to.</p>
5499:
5500: <p>Set the <a href="#form-element-pointer"><code title="">form</code> element pointer</a>
5501: to null.</p>
5502:
5503: <p>If <var title="">node</var> is null or the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open
5504: elements</a> does not <a href="#has-an-element-in-scope" title="has an element in
5505: scope">have <var title="">node</var> in scope</a>, then this is
5506: a <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a>; ignore the token.</p>
5507:
5508: <p>Otherwise, run these steps:</p>
5509:
5510: <ol><li><p><a href="#generate-implied-end-tags">Generate implied end tags</a>.</p></li>
5511:
5512: <li><p>If the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> is not <var title="">node</var>, then this is a <a href="#parse-error">parse
5513: error</a>.</p></li>
5514:
5515: <li><p>Remove <var title="">node</var> from the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of
5516: open elements</a>.</p></li>
5517:
5518: </ol></dd>
5519:
5520: <!-- as normal, except </p> implies <p> if there's no <p> in scope, and needs care as the elements have optional tags -->
5521: <dt>An end tag whose tag name is "p"</dt>
5522: <dd>
5523:
5524: <p>If the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> does not <a href="#has-an-element-in-scope" title="has an element in scope">have an element in scope</a>
5525: with the same tag name as that of the token, then this is a
5526: <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a>; act as if a start tag with the tag name
5527: "p" had been seen, then reprocess the current token.</p>
5528:
5529: <p>Otherwise, run these steps:</p>
5530:
5531: <ol><li><p><a href="#generate-implied-end-tags">Generate implied end tags</a>, except
5532: for elements with the same tag name as the token.</p></li>
5533:
5534: <li><p>If the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> is not an element with
5535: the same tag name as that of the token, then this is a
5536: <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a>.</p></li>
5537:
5538: <li><p>Pop elements from the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a>
5539: until an element with the same tag name as the token has been
5540: popped from the stack.</p></li>
5541:
5542: </ol></dd>
5543:
1.234 mike 5544: <!-- as normal, but needs care as the elements have optional tags, and are further scoped by <ol>/<ul> -->
5545: <dt>An end tag whose tag name is "li"</dt>
5546: <dd>
5547:
5548: <p>If the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> does not <a href="#has-an-element-in-list-item-scope" title="has an element in list item scope">have an element in list
5549: item scope</a> with the same tag name as that of the token,
5550: then this is a <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a>; ignore the token.</p>
5551:
5552: <p>Otherwise, run these steps:</p>
5553:
5554: <ol><li><p><a href="#generate-implied-end-tags">Generate implied end tags</a>, except
5555: for elements with the same tag name as the token.</p></li>
5556:
5557: <li><p>If the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> is not an element with
5558: the same tag name as that of the token, then this is a
5559: <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a>.</p></li>
5560:
5561: <li><p>Pop elements from the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a>
5562: until an element with the same tag name as the token has been
5563: popped from the stack.</p></li>
5564:
5565: </ol></dd>
5566:
1.1 mike 5567: <!-- as normal, but needs care as the elements have optional tags -->
1.422 mike 5568: <dt>An end tag whose tag name is one of: "dd", "dt"</dt>
1.1 mike 5569: <dd>
5570:
5571: <p>If the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> does not <a href="#has-an-element-in-scope" title="has an element in scope">have an element in scope</a>
5572: with the same tag name as that of the token, then this is a
5573: <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a>; ignore the token.</p>
5574:
5575: <p>Otherwise, run these steps:</p>
5576:
5577: <ol><li><p><a href="#generate-implied-end-tags">Generate implied end tags</a>, except
5578: for elements with the same tag name as the token.</p></li>
5579:
5580: <li><p>If the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> is not an element with
5581: the same tag name as that of the token, then this is a
5582: <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a>.</p></li>
5583:
5584: <li><p>Pop elements from the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a>
5585: until an element with the same tag name as the token has been
5586: popped from the stack.</p></li>
5587:
5588: </ol></dd>
5589:
5590: <!-- as normal, except acts as a closer for any of the h1-h6 elements -->
5591: <dt>An end tag whose tag name is one of: "h1", "h2", "h3", "h4", "h5", "h6"</dt>
5592: <dd>
5593:
5594: <p>If the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> does not <a href="#has-an-element-in-scope" title="has an element in scope">have an element in scope</a>
5595: whose tag name is one of "h1", "h2", "h3", "h4", "h5", or "h6",
5596: then this is a <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a>; ignore the token.</p>
5597:
5598: <p>Otherwise, run these steps:</p>
5599:
5600: <ol><li><p><a href="#generate-implied-end-tags">Generate implied end tags</a>.</p></li>
5601:
5602: <li><p>If the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> is not an element with
5603: the same tag name as that of the token, then this is a
5604: <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a>.</p></li>
5605:
5606: <li><p>Pop elements from the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a>
5607: until an element whose tag name is one of "h1", "h2", "h3", "h4",
5608: "h5", or "h6" has been popped from the stack.</p></li>
5609:
5610: </ol></dd>
5611:
5612: <dt>An end tag whose tag name is "sarcasm"</dt>
5613: <dd>
5614: <p>Take a deep breath, then act as described in the "any other end
5615: tag" entry below.</p>
5616: </dd>
5617:
5618: <!-- ADOPTION AGENCY ELEMENTS
5619: Mozilla-only: bdo blink del ins sub sup q
5620: Safari-only: code dfn kbd nobr samp var wbr
5621: Both: a b big em font i s small strike strong tt u -->
5622:
5623: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "a"</dt>
5624: <dd>
5625:
5626: <p>If the <a href="#list-of-active-formatting-elements">list of active formatting elements</a>
5627: contains an element whose tag name is "a" between the end of
5628: the list and the last marker on the list (or the start of the
5629: list if there is no marker on the list), then this is a
5630: <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a>; act as if an end tag with the tag
5631: name "a" had been seen, then remove that element from the
5632: <a href="#list-of-active-formatting-elements">list of active formatting elements</a> and the
5633: <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> if the end tag didn't
5634: already remove it (it might not have if the element is not
5635: <a href="#has-an-element-in-table-scope" title="has an element in table scope">in table
5636: scope</a>).</p>
5637:
5638: <p class="example">In the non-conforming stream
5639: <code><a href="a">a<table><a href="b">b</table>x</code>,
5640: the first <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-a-element">a</a></code> element would be closed upon seeing
5641: the second one, and the "x" character would be inside a link
5642: to "b", not to "a". This is despite the fact that the outer
5643: <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-a-element">a</a></code> element is not in table scope (meaning that a
5644: regular <code></a></code> end tag at the start of the table
5645: wouldn't close the outer <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-a-element">a</a></code> element).</p>
5646:
5647: <p><a href="#reconstruct-the-active-formatting-elements">Reconstruct the active formatting elements</a>, if
5648: any.</p>
5649:
5650: <p><a href="#insert-an-html-element">Insert an HTML element</a> for the token. Add that
5651: element to the <a href="#list-of-active-formatting-elements">list of active formatting
5652: elements</a>.</p>
5653:
5654: </dd>
5655:
5656: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is one of: "b", "big", "code", "em",
5657: "font", "i", "s", "small", "strike", "strong", "tt", "u"</dt>
5658: <dd>
5659:
5660: <p><a href="#reconstruct-the-active-formatting-elements">Reconstruct the active formatting elements</a>, if
5661: any.</p>
5662:
5663: <p><a href="#insert-an-html-element">Insert an HTML element</a> for the token. Add that
5664: element to the <a href="#list-of-active-formatting-elements">list of active formatting
5665: elements</a>.</p>
5666:
5667: </dd>
5668:
5669: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "nobr"</dt>
5670: <dd>
5671:
5672: <p><a href="#reconstruct-the-active-formatting-elements">Reconstruct the active formatting elements</a>, if
5673: any.</p>
5674:
5675: <p>If the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> <a href="#has-an-element-in-scope" title="has an
5676: element in scope">has a <code>nobr</code> element in scope</a>,
5677: then this is a <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a>; act as if an end tag with
5678: the tag name "nobr" had been seen, then once again
5679: <a href="#reconstruct-the-active-formatting-elements">reconstruct the active formatting elements</a>, if
5680: any.</p>
5681:
5682: <p><a href="#insert-an-html-element">Insert an HTML element</a> for the token. Add that
5683: element to the <a href="#list-of-active-formatting-elements">list of active formatting
5684: elements</a>.</p>
5685:
5686: </dd>
5687:
5688: <dt id="adoptionAgency">An end tag whose tag name is one of: "a",
5689: "b", "big", "code", "em", "font", "i", "nobr", "s", "small",
5690: "strike", "strong", "tt", "u"</dt>
5691: <dd>
5692:
5693: <p>Follow these steps:</p>
5694:
5695: <ol><li>
5696:
5697: <p>Let the <var title="">formatting element</var> be the
5698: last element in the <a href="#list-of-active-formatting-elements">list of active formatting
5699: elements</a> that:</p>
5700:
5701: <ul><li>is between the end of the list and the last scope
5702: marker in the list, if any, or the start of the list
5703: otherwise, and</li>
5704:
5705: <li>has the same tag name as the token.</li>
5706:
5707: </ul><p>If there is no such node, or, if that node is also in the
5708: <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> but the element is not <a href="#has-an-element-in-scope" title="has an element in scope">in scope</a>, then this is a
5709: <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a>; ignore the token, and abort these
5710: steps.</p>
5711:
5712: <p>Otherwise, if there is such a node, but that node is not
5713: in the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a>, then this is a
5714: <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a>; remove the element from the list,
5715: and abort these steps.</p>
5716:
5717: <p>Otherwise, there is a <var title="">formatting
5718: element</var> and that element is in <a href="#stack-of-open-elements" title="stack of
5719: open elements">the stack</a> and is <a href="#has-an-element-in-scope" title="has an
5720: element in scope">in scope</a>. If the element is not the
5721: <a href="#current-node">current node</a>, this is a <a href="#parse-error">parse
5722: error</a>. In any case, proceed with the algorithm as
5723: written in the following steps.</p>
5724:
5725: </li>
5726:
5727: <li><p>Let the <var title="">furthest block</var> be the
5728: topmost node in the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> that
5729: is lower in the stack than the <var title="">formatting
5730: element</var>, and is not an element in the
5731: <a href="#phrasing">phrasing</a> or <a href="#formatting">formatting</a>
5732: categories. There might not be one.</p></li>
5733:
5734: <li><p>If there is no <var title="">furthest block</var>,
5735: then the UA must skip the subsequent steps and instead just
5736: pop all the nodes from the bottom of the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open
5737: elements</a>, from the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> up to and
5738: including the <var title="">formatting element</var>, and
5739: remove the <var title="">formatting element</var> from the
5740: <a href="#list-of-active-formatting-elements">list of active formatting elements</a>.</p></li>
5741:
5742: <li><p>Let the <var title="">common ancestor</var> be the element
5743: immediately above the <var title="">formatting element</var> in the
5744: <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a>.</p></li>
5745:
5746: <li><p>Let a bookmark note the position of the <var title="">formatting element</var> in the <a href="#list-of-active-formatting-elements">list of active
5747: formatting elements</a> relative to the elements on either
5748: side of it in the list.</p></li>
5749:
5750: <li>
5751:
5752: <p>Let <var title="">node</var> and <var title="">last node</var> be the
5753: <var title="">furthest block</var>. Follow these steps:</p>
5754:
5755: <ol><li>Let <var title="">node</var> be the element immediately
5756: above <var title="">node</var> in the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open
1.436 mike 5757: elements</a>, or if <var title="">node</var> is no longer in
5758: the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> (e.g. because it got
5759: removed by the next step), the element that was immediately
5760: above <var title="">node</var> in the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open
5761: elements</a> before <var title="">node</var> was
5762: removed.</li>
1.1 mike 5763:
5764: <li>If <var title="">node</var> is not in the <a href="#list-of-active-formatting-elements">list of
5765: active formatting elements</a>, then remove <var title="">node</var> from the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open
5766: elements</a> and then go back to step 1.</li>
5767:
5768: <li>Otherwise, if <var title="">node</var> is the <var title="">formatting element</var>, then go to the next step
5769: in the overall algorithm.</li>
5770:
5771: <li>Otherwise, if <var title="">last node</var> is the <var title="">furthest block</var>, then move the aforementioned
5772: bookmark to be immediately after the <var title="">node</var> in the <a href="#list-of-active-formatting-elements">list of active formatting
5773: elements</a>.</li>
5774:
5775: <li><a href="#create-an-element-for-the-token">Create an element for the token</a> for which the
5776: element <var title="">node</var> was created, replace the entry
5777: for <var title="">node</var> in the <a href="#list-of-active-formatting-elements">list of active
5778: formatting elements</a> with an entry for the new element,
5779: replace the entry for <var title="">node</var> in the
5780: <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> with an entry for the new
5781: element, and let <var title="">node</var> be the new
5782: element.</li>
5783:
5784: <li>Insert <var title="">last node</var> into <var title="">node</var>, first removing it from its previous
5785: parent node if any.</li>
5786:
5787: <li>Let <var title="">last node</var> be <var title="">node</var>.</li>
5788:
5789: <li>Return to step 1 of this inner set of steps.</li>
5790:
5791: </ol></li>
5792:
5793: <li>
5794:
5795: <p>If the <var title="">common ancestor</var> node is a
5796: <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-table-element">table</a></code>, <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tbody-element">tbody</a></code>, <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tfoot-element">tfoot</a></code>,
5797: <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-thead-element">thead</a></code>, or <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tr-element">tr</a></code> element, then,
5798: <a href="#foster-parent">foster parent</a> whatever <var title="">last
5799: node</var> ended up being in the previous step, first removing
5800: it from its previous parent node if any.</p>
5801:
5802: <p>Otherwise, append whatever <var title="">last node</var>
5803: ended up being in the previous step to the <var title="">common
5804: ancestor</var> node, first removing it from its previous parent
5805: node if any.</p>
5806:
5807: </li>
5808:
5809: <li><p><a href="#create-an-element-for-the-token">Create an element for the token</a> for which the
5810: <var title="">formatting element</var> was created.</p></li>
5811:
5812: <li><p>Take all of the child nodes of the <var title="">furthest
5813: block</var> and append them to the element created in the last
5814: step.</p></li>
5815:
5816: <li><p>Append that new element to the <var title="">furthest
5817: block</var>.</p></li>
5818:
5819: <li><p>Remove the <var title="">formatting element</var> from the
5820: <a href="#list-of-active-formatting-elements">list of active formatting elements</a>, and insert the
5821: new element into the <a href="#list-of-active-formatting-elements">list of active formatting
5822: elements</a> at the position of the aforementioned
5823: bookmark.</p></li>
5824:
5825: <li><p>Remove the <var title="">formatting element</var> from the
5826: <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a>, and insert the new element
5827: into the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> immediately below
5828: the position of the <var title="">furthest block</var> in that
5829: stack.</p></li>
5830:
5831: <li><p>Jump back to step 1 in this series of steps.</p></li>
5832:
1.334 mike 5833: </ol><p class="note">Because of the way this algorithm causes elements
1.304 mike 5834: to change parents, it has been dubbed the "adoption agency
5835: algorithm" (in contrast with other possible algorithms for dealing
5836: with misnested content, which included the "incest algorithm", the
1.1 mike 5837: "secret affair algorithm", and the "Heisenberg algorithm").</p>
5838:
5839: </dd>
5840:
5841: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "button"</dt>
5842: <dd>
5843:
5844: <p>If the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> <a href="#has-an-element-in-scope" title="has
5845: an element in scope">has a <code>button</code> element in
5846: scope</a>, then this is a <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a>;
5847: act as if an end tag with the tag name "button" had been seen,
5848: then reprocess the token.</p>
5849:
5850: <p>Otherwise:</p>
5851:
5852: <p><a href="#reconstruct-the-active-formatting-elements">Reconstruct the active formatting elements</a>, if
5853: any.</p>
5854:
5855: <p><a href="#insert-an-html-element">Insert an HTML element</a> for the token.</p>
5856:
5857: <p>Insert a marker at the end of the <a href="#list-of-active-formatting-elements">list of active
5858: formatting elements</a>.</p>
5859:
5860: <p>Set the <a href="#frameset-ok-flag">frameset-ok flag</a> to "not ok".</p>
5861:
5862: </dd>
5863:
5864: <dt>A start tag token whose tag name is one of: "applet",
5865: "marquee", "object"</dt>
5866: <dd>
5867:
5868: <p><a href="#reconstruct-the-active-formatting-elements">Reconstruct the active formatting elements</a>, if
5869: any.</p>
5870:
5871: <p><a href="#insert-an-html-element">Insert an HTML element</a> for the token.</p>
5872:
5873: <p>Insert a marker at the end of the <a href="#list-of-active-formatting-elements">list of active
5874: formatting elements</a>.</p>
5875:
5876: <p>Set the <a href="#frameset-ok-flag">frameset-ok flag</a> to "not ok".</p>
5877:
5878: </dd>
5879:
5880: <dt>An end tag token whose tag name is one of: "applet", "button",
5881: "marquee", "object"</dt>
5882: <dd>
5883:
5884: <p>If the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> does not <a href="#has-an-element-in-scope" title="has an element in scope">have an element in scope</a>
5885: with the same tag name as that of the token, then this is a
5886: <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a>; ignore the token.</p>
5887:
5888: <p>Otherwise, run these steps:</p>
5889:
5890: <ol><li><p><a href="#generate-implied-end-tags">Generate implied end tags</a>.</p></li>
5891:
5892: <li><p>If the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> is not an element with
5893: the same tag name as that of the token, then this is a
5894: <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a>.</p></li>
5895:
5896: <li><p>Pop elements from the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a>
5897: until an element with the same tag name as the token has been
5898: popped from the stack.</p></li>
5899:
5900: <li><a href="#clear-the-list-of-active-formatting-elements-up-to-the-last-marker">Clear the list of active formatting elements up to the
5901: last marker</a>.</li>
5902:
5903: </ol></dd>
5904:
5905: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "table"</dt>
5906: <dd>
5907:
5908: <p>If the <code>Document</code> is <em>not</em> set to
5909: <a href="dom.html#quirks-mode">quirks mode</a>, and the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open
5910: elements</a> <a href="#has-an-element-in-scope" title="has an element in scope">has a
5911: <code>p</code> element in scope</a>, then act as if an end tag
5912: with the tag name "p" had been seen.</p> <!-- i hate myself (this
5913: quirk was basically caused by acid2; if i'd realised we could
5914: change the specs when i wrote acid2, we could have avoided having
5915: any parsing-mode quirks) -Hixie -->
5916:
5917: <p><a href="#insert-an-html-element">Insert an HTML element</a> for the token.</p>
5918:
5919: <p>Set the <a href="#frameset-ok-flag">frameset-ok flag</a> to "not ok".</p>
5920:
5921: <p>Switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to "<a href="#parsing-main-intable" title="insertion mode: in table">in table</a>".</p>
5922:
5923: </dd>
5924:
5925: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is one of: "area", "basefont",
1.589 mike 5926: "bgsound", "br", "embed", "img", "input", "keygen", "wbr"</dt>
1.1 mike 5927: <dd>
5928:
5929: <p><a href="#reconstruct-the-active-formatting-elements">Reconstruct the active formatting elements</a>, if
5930: any.</p>
5931:
5932: <p><a href="#insert-an-html-element">Insert an HTML element</a> for the token. Immediately
5933: pop the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> off the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open
5934: elements</a>.</p>
5935:
5936: <p><a href="#acknowledge-self-closing-flag" title="acknowledge self-closing flag">Acknowledge the
5937: token's <i>self-closing flag</i></a>, if it is set.</p>
5938:
5939: <p>Set the <a href="#frameset-ok-flag">frameset-ok flag</a> to "not ok".</p> <!--
1.589 mike 5940: shouldn't really do it for <area>, <basefont>, and <bgsound> -->
1.1 mike 5941:
5942: </dd>
5943:
5944: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is one of: "param", "source"</dt>
5945: <dd>
5946:
5947: <p><a href="#insert-an-html-element">Insert an HTML element</a> for the token. Immediately
5948: pop the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> off the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open
5949: elements</a>.</p>
5950:
5951: <p><a href="#acknowledge-self-closing-flag" title="acknowledge self-closing flag">Acknowledge the
5952: token's <i>self-closing flag</i></a>, if it is set.</p>
5953:
5954: </dd>
5955:
5956: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "hr"</dt>
5957: <dd>
5958:
5959: <p>If the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> <a href="#has-an-element-in-scope" title="has
5960: an element in scope">has a <code>p</code> element in
5961: scope</a>, then act as if an end tag with the tag name
5962: "p" had been seen.</p>
5963:
5964: <p><a href="#insert-an-html-element">Insert an HTML element</a> for the token. Immediately
5965: pop the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> off the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open
5966: elements</a>.</p>
5967:
5968: <p><a href="#acknowledge-self-closing-flag" title="acknowledge self-closing flag">Acknowledge the
5969: token's <i>self-closing flag</i></a>, if it is set.</p>
5970:
5971: <p>Set the <a href="#frameset-ok-flag">frameset-ok flag</a> to "not ok".</p>
5972:
5973: </dd>
5974:
5975: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "image"</dt>
5976: <dd>
5977: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Change the token's tag name
5978: to "img" and reprocess it. (Don't ask.)</p> <!-- As of
5979: 2005-12, studies showed that around 0.2% of pages used the
5980: <image> element. -->
5981: </dd>
5982:
5983: <dt id="isindex">A start tag whose tag name is "isindex"</dt>
5984: <dd>
5985:
5986: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>.</p>
5987:
5988: <p>If the <a href="#form-element-pointer"><code title="">form</code> element
5989: pointer</a> is not null, then ignore the token.</p>
5990:
5991: <p>Otherwise:</p>
5992:
5993: <p><a href="#acknowledge-self-closing-flag" title="acknowledge self-closing flag">Acknowledge the
5994: token's <i>self-closing flag</i></a>, if it is set.</p> <!--
5995: purely to reduce the number of errors (we don't care if they
5996: included the /, they're not supposed to be including the tag at
5997: all! -->
5998:
5999: <p>Act as if a start tag token with the tag name "form" had been seen.</p>
6000:
6001: <p>If the token has an attribute called "action", set the
6002: <code title="attr-form-action">action</code> attribute on the
6003: resulting <code><a href="forms.html#the-form-element">form</a></code> element to the value of the
6004: "action" attribute of the token.</p>
6005:
6006: <p>Act as if a start tag token with the tag name "hr" had been
6007: seen.</p>
6008:
6009: <p>Act as if a start tag token with the tag name "label" had been
6010: seen.</p>
6011:
6012: <p>Act as if a stream of character tokens had been seen (see below
6013: for what they should say).</p>
6014:
6015: <p>Act as if a start tag token with the tag name "input" had been
6016: seen, with all the attributes from the "isindex" token except
6017: "name", "action", and "prompt". Set the <code title="attr-fe-name"><a href="forms.html#attr-fe-name">name</a></code> attribute of the resulting
6018: <code><a href="forms.html#the-input-element">input</a></code> element to the value "<code title="">isindex</code>".</p>
6019:
6020: <p>Act as if a stream of character tokens had been seen (see
6021: below for what they should say).</p>
6022:
6023: <p>Act as if an end tag token with the tag name "label" had been
6024: seen.</p>
6025:
6026: <p>Act as if a start tag token with the tag name "hr" had been
6027: seen.</p>
6028:
6029: <p>Act as if an end tag token with the tag name "form" had been
6030: seen.</p>
6031:
6032: <p>If the token has an attribute with the name "prompt", then the
6033: first stream of characters must be the same string as given in
6034: that attribute, and the second stream of characters must be
6035: empty. Otherwise, the two streams of character tokens together
6036: should, together with the <code><a href="forms.html#the-input-element">input</a></code> element, express the
6037: equivalent of "This is a searchable index. Insert your search
6038: keywords here: (input field)" in the user's preferred
6039: language.</p>
6040:
6041: </dd>
6042:
6043: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "textarea"</dt>
6044: <dd>
6045:
6046: <ol><li><p><a href="#insert-an-html-element">Insert an HTML element</a> for the
6047: token.</p></li>
6048:
6049: <li><p>If the next token is a U+000A LINE FEED (LF) character
6050: token, then ignore that token and move on to the next
6051: one. (Newlines at the start of <code><a href="forms.html#the-textarea-element">textarea</a></code> elements are
6052: ignored as an authoring convenience.)</p></li>
6053:
1.541 mike 6054: <li><p>Switch the tokenizer to the the <a href="#rcdata-state">RCDATA
6055: state</a>.</p></li>
1.1 mike 6056:
6057: <li><p>Let the <a href="#original-insertion-mode">original insertion mode</a> be the
6058: current <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a>.</p>
6059:
6060: </li><li><p>Set the <a href="#frameset-ok-flag">frameset-ok flag</a> to "not
6061: ok".</p></li>
6062:
1.540 mike 6063: <li><p>Switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to "<a href="#parsing-main-incdata" title="insertion mode: text">text</a>".</p></li>
1.1 mike 6064:
6065: </ol></dd>
6066:
6067: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "xmp"</dt>
6068: <dd>
6069:
1.233 mike 6070: <p>If the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> <a href="#has-an-element-in-scope" title="has
6071: an element in scope">has a <code>p</code> element in
6072: scope</a>, then act as if an end tag with the tag name
6073: "p" had been seen.</p>
6074:
1.1 mike 6075: <p><a href="#reconstruct-the-active-formatting-elements">Reconstruct the active formatting elements</a>, if
6076: any.</p>
6077:
6078: <p>Set the <a href="#frameset-ok-flag">frameset-ok flag</a> to "not ok".</p>
6079:
1.91 mike 6080: <p>Follow the <a href="#generic-raw-text-element-parsing-algorithm">generic raw text element parsing algorithm</a>.</p>
1.1 mike 6081:
6082: </dd>
6083:
6084: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "iframe"</dt>
6085: <dd>
6086:
6087: <p>Set the <a href="#frameset-ok-flag">frameset-ok flag</a> to "not ok".</p>
6088:
1.91 mike 6089: <p>Follow the <a href="#generic-raw-text-element-parsing-algorithm">generic raw text element parsing algorithm</a>.</p>
1.1 mike 6090:
6091: </dd>
6092:
6093: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "noembed"</dt>
6094: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "noscript", if the <a href="#scripting-flag">scripting flag</a> is enabled</dt>
6095: <dd>
6096:
1.91 mike 6097: <p>Follow the <a href="#generic-raw-text-element-parsing-algorithm">generic raw text element parsing algorithm</a>.</p>
1.1 mike 6098:
6099: </dd>
6100:
6101: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "select"</dt>
6102: <dd>
6103:
6104: <p><a href="#reconstruct-the-active-formatting-elements">Reconstruct the active formatting elements</a>, if
6105: any.</p>
6106:
6107: <p><a href="#insert-an-html-element">Insert an HTML element</a> for the token.</p>
6108:
6109: <p>Set the <a href="#frameset-ok-flag">frameset-ok flag</a> to "not ok".</p>
6110:
6111: <p>If the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> is one of <a href="#parsing-main-intable" title="insertion mode: in table">in table</a>", "<a href="#parsing-main-incaption" title="insertion mode: in caption">in caption</a>", "<a href="#parsing-main-incolgroup" title="insertion mode: in column group">in column group</a>",
6112: "<a href="#parsing-main-intbody" title="insertion mode: in table body">in table
6113: body</a>", "<a href="#parsing-main-intr" title="insertion mode: in row">in
6114: row</a>", or "<a href="#parsing-main-intd" title="insertion mode: in cell">in
6115: cell</a>", then switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to
6116: "<a href="#parsing-main-inselectintable" title="insertion mode: in select in table">in select in
6117: table</a>". Otherwise, switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a>
6118: to "<a href="#parsing-main-inselect" title="insertion mode: in select">in select</a>".</p>
6119:
6120: </dd>
6121:
6122: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is one of: "optgroup", "option"</dt>
6123: <dd>
6124:
6125: <p>If the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> <a href="#has-an-element-in-scope" title="has an
6126: element in scope">has an <code>option</code> element in
6127: scope</a>, then act as if an end tag with the tag name "option"
6128: had been seen.</p>
6129:
6130: <p><a href="#reconstruct-the-active-formatting-elements">Reconstruct the active formatting elements</a>, if
6131: any.</p>
6132:
6133: <p><a href="#insert-an-html-element">Insert an HTML element</a> for the token.</p>
6134:
6135: </dd>
6136:
6137: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is one of: "rp", "rt"</dt>
6138: <dd>
6139:
6140: <!-- the parsing rules for ruby really don't match IE much at all,
6141: but in practice the markup used is very simple and so strict
6142: compatibility with IE isn't required. For example, as defined
6143: here we get very, very different behaviour than IE for
6144: pathological cases like:
6145:
6146: <ruby><ol><li><p>a<rt>b
6147: <ruby>a<rt>b<p>c
6148:
6149: But in practice most ruby markup falls into these cases:
6150:
6151: <ruby>a<rt>b</ruby>
6152: <ruby>a<rp>b<rt>c<rp>d</ruby>
6153: <ruby>a<rt>b</rt></ruby>
6154: <ruby>a<rp>b</rp><rt>c</rt><rp>d</rp></ruby>
6155:
6156: -->
6157:
6158: <p>If the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> <a href="#has-an-element-in-scope" title="has an
6159: element in scope">has a <code>ruby</code> element in scope</a>,
6160: then <a href="#generate-implied-end-tags">generate implied end tags</a>. If the <a href="#current-node">current
6161: node</a> is not then a <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-ruby-element">ruby</a></code> element, this is a
6162: <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a>; pop all the nodes from the <a href="#current-node">current
6163: node</a> up to the node immediately before the bottommost
6164: <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-ruby-element">ruby</a></code> element on the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open
6165: elements</a>.</p>
6166:
6167: <p><a href="#insert-an-html-element">Insert an HTML element</a> for the token.</p>
6168:
6169: </dd>
6170:
6171: <dt>An end tag whose tag name is "br"</dt>
6172: <dd>
6173: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Act as if a start tag token with
6174: the tag name "br" had been seen. Ignore the end tag token.</p>
6175: </dd>
6176:
6177: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "math"</dt>
6178: <dd>
6179:
6180: <p><a href="#reconstruct-the-active-formatting-elements">Reconstruct the active formatting elements</a>, if
6181: any.</p>
6182:
6183: <p><a href="#adjust-mathml-attributes">Adjust MathML attributes</a> for the token. (This
6184: fixes the case of MathML attributes that are not all
6185: lowercase.)</p>
6186:
6187: <p><a href="#adjust-foreign-attributes">Adjust foreign attributes</a> for the token. (This
6188: fixes the use of namespaced attributes, in particular XLink.)</p>
6189:
6190: <p><a href="#insert-a-foreign-element">Insert a foreign element</a> for the token, in the
6191: <a href="#mathml-namespace">MathML namespace</a>.</p>
6192:
6193: <!-- If we ever change the frameset-ok flag to an insertion mode,
6194: the following change would be implied, except we'd have to do it
6195: even in the face of a self-closed tag:
6196: <p>Set the <span>frameset-ok flag</span> to "not ok".</p>
6197: -->
6198:
6199: <p>If the token has its <i>self-closing flag</i> set, pop the
6200: <a href="#current-node">current node</a> off the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open
6201: elements</a> and <a href="#acknowledge-self-closing-flag" title="acknowledge self-closing
6202: flag">acknowledge the token's <i>self-closing flag</i></a>.</p>
6203:
6204: <p>Otherwise, if the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> is not already
6205: "<a href="#parsing-main-inforeign" title="insertion mode: in foreign content">in foreign
6206: content</a>", let the <a href="#secondary-insertion-mode">secondary insertion mode</a> be
6207: the current <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a>, and then switch the
6208: <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to "<a href="#parsing-main-inforeign" title="insertion mode: in
6209: foreign content">in foreign content</a>".</p>
6210:
6211: </dd>
6212:
6213: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "svg"</dt>
6214: <dd>
6215:
6216: <p><a href="#reconstruct-the-active-formatting-elements">Reconstruct the active formatting elements</a>, if
6217: any.</p>
6218:
6219: <p><a href="#adjust-svg-attributes">Adjust SVG attributes</a> for the token. (This fixes
6220: the case of SVG attributes that are not all lowercase.)</p>
6221:
6222: <p><a href="#adjust-foreign-attributes">Adjust foreign attributes</a> for the token. (This
6223: fixes the use of namespaced attributes, in particular XLink in
6224: SVG.)</p>
6225:
6226: <p><a href="#insert-a-foreign-element">Insert a foreign element</a> for the token, in the
6227: <a href="#svg-namespace">SVG namespace</a>.</p>
6228:
6229: <!-- If we ever change the frameset-ok flag to an insertion mode,
6230: the following change would be implied, except we'd have to do it
6231: even in the face of a self-closed tag:
6232: <p>Set the <span>frameset-ok flag</span> to "not ok".</p>
6233: -->
6234:
6235: <p>If the token has its <i>self-closing flag</i> set, pop the
6236: <a href="#current-node">current node</a> off the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open
6237: elements</a> and <a href="#acknowledge-self-closing-flag" title="acknowledge self-closing
6238: flag">acknowledge the token's <i>self-closing flag</i></a>.</p>
6239:
6240: <p>Otherwise, if the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> is not already
6241: "<a href="#parsing-main-inforeign" title="insertion mode: in foreign content">in foreign
6242: content</a>", let the <a href="#secondary-insertion-mode">secondary insertion mode</a> be
6243: the current <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a>, and then switch the
6244: <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to "<a href="#parsing-main-inforeign" title="insertion mode: in
6245: foreign content">in foreign content</a>".</p>
6246:
6247: </dd>
6248:
6249: <dt>A start <!--or end--> tag whose tag name is one of: "caption",
6250: "col", "colgroup", "frame", "head", "tbody", "td", "tfoot", "th",
6251: "thead", "tr"</dt>
6252: <!--<dt>An end tag whose tag name is one of: "area", "base",
6253: "basefont", "bgsound", "command", "embed", "hr", "iframe", "image",
6254: "img", "input", "isindex", "keygen", "link", "meta", "noembed",
1.589 mike 6255: "noframes", "param", "script", "select", "source", "style",
6256: "table", "textarea", "title", "wbr"</dt>-->
1.1 mike 6257: <!--<dt>An end tag whose tag name is "noscript", if the
6258: <span>scripting flag</span> is enabled</dt>-->
6259: <dd>
6260: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Ignore the token.</p>
6261: <!-- end tags are commented out because since they can never end
6262: up on the stack anyway, the default end tag clause will
6263: automatically handle them. we don't want to have text in the spec
6264: that is just an optimisation, as that detracts from the spec
6265: itself -->
6266: </dd>
6267:
6268: <dt>Any other start tag</dt>
6269: <dd>
6270:
6271: <p><a href="#reconstruct-the-active-formatting-elements">Reconstruct the active formatting elements</a>, if
6272: any.</p>
6273:
6274: <p><a href="#insert-an-html-element">Insert an HTML element</a> for the token.</p>
6275:
6276: <p class="note">This element will be a <a href="#phrasing">phrasing</a>
6277: element.</p>
6278:
6279: </dd>
6280:
6281: <dt>Any other end tag</dt>
6282: <dd>
6283:
6284: <p>Run the following steps:</p>
6285:
6286: <ol><li><p>Initialize <var title="">node</var> to be the <a href="#current-node">current
6287: node</a> (the bottommost node of the stack).</p></li>
6288:
6289: <li><p>If <var title="">node</var> has the same tag name as
6290: the end tag token, then:</p>
6291:
6292: <ol><li><p><a href="#generate-implied-end-tags">Generate implied end tags</a>.</p></li>
6293:
6294: <li><p>If the tag name of the end tag token does not match
6295: the tag name of the <a href="#current-node">current node</a>, this is a
6296: <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a>.</p></li>
6297:
6298: <li><p>Pop all the nodes from the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> up
6299: to <var title="">node</var>, including <var title="">node</var>, then stop these steps.</p></li>
6300:
6301: </ol></li>
6302:
6303: <li><p>Otherwise, if <var title="">node</var> is in neither the
6304: <a href="#formatting">formatting</a> category nor the <a href="#phrasing">phrasing</a>
6305: category, then this is a <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a>; ignore the
6306: token, and abort these steps.</p></li>
6307:
6308: <li><p>Set <var title="">node</var> to the previous entry in the
6309: <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a>.</p></li>
6310:
6311: <li><p>Return to step 2.</p></li>
6312:
6313: </ol></dd>
6314:
1.540 mike 6315: </dl><h5 id="parsing-main-incdata"><span class="secno">9.2.5.11 </span>The "<dfn title="insertion mode: text">text</dfn>" insertion mode</h5>
1.1 mike 6316:
6317: <p>When the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> is "<a href="#parsing-main-incdata" title="insertion
1.540 mike 6318: mode: text">text</a>", tokens must be handled as follows:</p>
1.1 mike 6319:
6320: <dl class="switch"><dt>A character token</dt>
6321: <dd>
6322:
6323: <p><a href="#insert-a-character" title="insert a character">Insert the token's
6324: character</a> into the <a href="#current-node">current node</a>.</p>
6325:
6326: </dd>
6327:
6328: <dt>An end-of-file token</dt>
6329: <dd>
6330:
6331: <!-- can't be the fragment case -->
6332: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>.</p>
6333:
6334: <p>If the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> is a <code><a href="semantics.html#script">script</a></code>
1.484 mike 6335: element, mark the <code><a href="semantics.html#script">script</a></code> element as <a href="semantics.html#already-started">"already
6336: started"</a>.</p>
1.1 mike 6337:
6338: <p>Pop the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> off the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open
6339: elements</a>.</p>
6340:
6341: <p>Switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to the <a href="#original-insertion-mode">original
6342: insertion mode</a> and reprocess the current token.</p>
6343:
6344: </dd>
6345:
6346: <dt>An end tag whose tag name is "script"</dt>
6347: <dd>
6348:
6349: <p>Let <var title="">script</var> be the <a href="#current-node">current node</a>
6350: (which will be a <code><a href="semantics.html#script">script</a></code> element).</p>
6351:
6352: <p>Pop the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> off the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open
6353: elements</a>.</p>
6354:
6355: <p>Switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to the <a href="#original-insertion-mode">original
6356: insertion mode</a>.</p>
6357:
6358: <p>Let the <var title="">old insertion point</var> have the
6359: same value as the current <a href="#insertion-point">insertion point</a>. Let
6360: the <a href="#insertion-point">insertion point</a> be just before the <a href="#next-input-character">next
6361: input character</a>.</p>
6362:
6363: <p>Increment the parser's <a href="#script-nesting-level">script nesting level</a> by
6364: one.</p>
6365:
6366: <p><a href="semantics.html#running-a-script" title="running a script">Run</a> the <var title="">script</var>. This might cause some script to execute,
1.159 mike 6367: which might cause <a href="embedded-content-0.html#dom-document-write" title="dom-document-write">new characters
1.1 mike 6368: to be inserted into the tokenizer</a>, and might cause the
6369: tokenizer to output more tokens, resulting in a <a href="#nestedParsing">reentrant invocation of the parser</a>.</p>
6370:
6371: <p>Decrement the parser's <a href="#script-nesting-level">script nesting level</a> by
6372: one. If the parser's <a href="#script-nesting-level">script nesting level</a> is zero,
6373: then set the <a href="#parser-pause-flag">parser pause flag</a> to false.</p>
6374:
6375: <p>Let the <a href="#insertion-point">insertion point</a> have the value of the <var title="">old insertion point</var>. (In other words, restore the
6376: <a href="#insertion-point">insertion point</a> to its previous value. This value
6377: might be the "undefined" value.)</p>
6378:
6379: <p id="scriptTagParserResumes">At this stage, if there is a
1.484 mike 6380: <a href="semantics.html#pending-parsing-blocking-script">pending parsing-blocking script</a>, then:</p>
1.1 mike 6381:
6382: <dl class="switch"><dt>If the <a href="#script-nesting-level">script nesting level</a> is not zero:</dt>
6383:
6384: <dd>
6385:
6386: <p>Set the <a href="#parser-pause-flag">parser pause flag</a> to true, and abort the
6387: processing of any nested invocations of the tokenizer, yielding
6388: control back to the caller. (Tokenization will resume when the
6389: caller returns to the "outer" tree construction stage.)</p>
6390:
6391: <p class="note">The tree construction stage of this particular
6392: parser is <a href="#nestedParsing">being called reentrantly</a>,
1.159 mike 6393: say from a call to <code title="dom-document-write"><a href="embedded-content-0.html#dom-document-write">document.write()</a></code>.</p>
1.1 mike 6394:
6395: </dd>
6396:
6397:
6398: <dt>Otherwise:</dt>
6399:
6400: <dd>
6401:
6402: <p>Follow these steps:</p>
6403:
1.484 mike 6404: <ol><li><p>Let <var title="">the script</var> be the <a href="semantics.html#pending-parsing-blocking-script">pending
6405: parsing-blocking script</a>. There is no longer a <a href="semantics.html#pending-parsing-blocking-script">pending
6406: parsing-blocking script</a>.</p></li>
6407:
6408: <li><p>Block the <a href="#tokenization" title="tokenization">tokenizer</a>
6409: for this instance of the <a href="#html-parser">HTML parser</a>, such that
6410: the <a href="browsers.html#event-loop">event loop</a> will not run <a href="browsers.html#concept-task" title="concept-task">tasks</a> that invoke the <a href="#tokenization" title="tokenization">tokenizer</a>.</p></li>
6411:
6412: <li><p><a href="browsers.html#spin-the-event-loop">Spin the event loop</a> until there is no <a href="semantics.html#a-style-sheet-blocking-scripts" title="a style sheet blocking scripts">style sheet blocking
6413: scripts</a> and <var title="">the script</var>'s
6414: <a href="semantics.html#ready-to-be-parser-executed">"ready to be parser-executed"</a> flag is set.</p></li>
6415:
6416: <li><p>Unblock the <a href="#tokenization" title="tokenization">tokenizer</a>
6417: for this instance of the <a href="#html-parser">HTML parser</a>, such that
6418: <a href="browsers.html#concept-task" title="concept-task">tasks</a> that invoke the <a href="#tokenization" title="tokenization">tokenizer</a> can again be
6419: run.</p></li>
1.1 mike 6420:
6421: <li><p>Let the <a href="#insertion-point">insertion point</a> be just before the
6422: <a href="#next-input-character">next input character</a>.</p></li>
6423:
6424: <li><p>Increment the parser's <a href="#script-nesting-level">script nesting level</a>
6425: by one (it should be zero before this step, so this sets it to
6426: one).</p></li>
6427:
1.484 mike 6428: <li><p><a href="semantics.html#executing-a-script-block" title="executing a script block">Execute</a>
6429: <var title="">the script</var>.</p></li>
1.1 mike 6430:
6431: <li><p>Decrement the parser's <a href="#script-nesting-level">script nesting level</a>
6432: by one. If the parser's <a href="#script-nesting-level">script nesting level</a> is
6433: zero (which it always should be at this point), then set the
6434: <a href="#parser-pause-flag">parser pause flag</a> to false.</p>
6435:
6436: </li><li><p>Let the <a href="#insertion-point">insertion point</a> be undefined
6437: again.</p></li>
6438:
1.484 mike 6439: <li><p>If there is once again a <a href="semantics.html#pending-parsing-blocking-script">pending parsing-blocking
1.1 mike 6440: script</a>, then repeat these steps from step 1.</p></li>
6441:
6442: </ol></dd>
6443:
6444: </dl></dd>
6445:
6446: <dt>Any other end tag</dt>
6447: <dd>
6448:
6449: <p>Pop the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> off the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open
6450: elements</a>.</p>
6451:
6452: <p>Switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to the <a href="#original-insertion-mode">original
6453: insertion mode</a>.</p>
6454:
6455: </dd>
6456:
6457: </dl><h5 id="parsing-main-intable"><span class="secno">9.2.5.12 </span>The "<dfn title="insertion mode: in table">in table</dfn>" insertion mode</h5>
6458:
6459: <p>When the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> is "<a href="#parsing-main-intable" title="insertion
6460: mode: in table">in table</a>", tokens must be handled as follows:</p>
6461:
6462: <dl class="switch"><dt>A character token</dt>
6463: <dd>
6464:
6465: <p>Let the <dfn id="pending-table-character-tokens"><var>pending table character tokens</var></dfn>
6466: be an empty list of tokens.</p>
6467:
6468: <p>Let the <a href="#original-insertion-mode">original insertion mode</a> be the current
6469: <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a>.</p>
6470:
6471: <p>Switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to "<a href="#parsing-main-intabletext" title="insertion mode: in table text">in table text</a>" and
6472: reprocess the token.</p>
6473:
6474: </dd>
6475:
6476: <dt>A comment token</dt>
6477: <dd>
6478: <p>Append a <code>Comment</code> node to the <a href="#current-node">current
6479: node</a> with the <code title="">data</code> attribute set to
6480: the data given in the comment token.</p>
6481: </dd>
6482:
6483: <dt>A DOCTYPE token</dt>
6484: <dd>
6485: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Ignore the token.</p>
6486: </dd>
6487:
6488: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "caption"</dt>
6489: <dd>
6490:
6491: <p><a href="#clear-the-stack-back-to-a-table-context">Clear the stack back to a table context</a>. (See
6492: below.)</p>
6493:
6494: <p>Insert a marker at the end of the <a href="#list-of-active-formatting-elements">list of active
6495: formatting elements</a>.</p>
6496:
6497: <p><a href="#insert-an-html-element">Insert an HTML element</a> for the token, then
6498: switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to "<a href="#parsing-main-incaption" title="insertion mode: in caption">in caption</a>".</p>
6499:
6500: </dd>
6501:
6502: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "colgroup"</dt>
6503: <dd>
6504:
6505: <p><a href="#clear-the-stack-back-to-a-table-context">Clear the stack back to a table context</a>. (See
6506: below.)</p>
6507:
6508: <p><a href="#insert-an-html-element">Insert an HTML element</a> for the token, then
6509: switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to "<a href="#parsing-main-incolgroup" title="insertion mode: in column group">in column
6510: group</a>".</p>
6511:
6512: </dd>
6513:
6514: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "col"</dt>
6515: <dd>
6516: <p>Act as if a start tag token with the tag name "colgroup"
6517: had been seen, then reprocess the current token.</p>
6518: </dd>
6519:
6520: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is one of: "tbody", "tfoot", "thead"</dt>
6521: <dd>
6522:
6523: <p><a href="#clear-the-stack-back-to-a-table-context">Clear the stack back to a table context</a>. (See
6524: below.)</p>
6525:
6526: <p><a href="#insert-an-html-element">Insert an HTML element</a> for the token, then
6527: switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to "<a href="#parsing-main-intbody" title="insertion mode: in table body">in table
6528: body</a>".</p>
6529:
6530: </dd>
6531:
6532: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is one of: "td", "th", "tr"</dt>
6533: <dd>
6534: <p>Act as if a start tag token with the tag name "tbody" had
6535: been seen, then reprocess the current token.</p>
6536: </dd>
6537:
6538: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "table"</dt>
6539: <dd>
6540:
6541: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Act as if an end tag token with
6542: the tag name "table" had been seen, then, if that token wasn't
6543: ignored, reprocess the current token.</p>
6544:
6545: <p class="note">The fake end tag token here can only be
6546: ignored in the <a href="#fragment-case">fragment case</a>.</p>
6547:
6548: </dd>
6549:
6550: <dt>An end tag whose tag name is "table"</dt>
6551: <dd>
6552:
6553: <p>If the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> does not <a href="#has-an-element-in-table-scope" title="has an element in table scope">have an element in table
6554: scope</a> with the same tag name as the token, this is a
6555: <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a>. Ignore the token. (<a href="#fragment-case">fragment
6556: case</a>)</p>
6557:
6558: <p>Otherwise:</p>
6559:
6560: <p>Pop elements from this stack until a <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-table-element">table</a></code>
6561: element has been popped from the stack.</p>
6562:
6563: <p><a href="#reset-the-insertion-mode-appropriately">Reset the insertion mode appropriately</a>.</p>
6564:
6565: </dd>
6566:
6567: <dt>An end tag whose tag name is one of: "body", "caption",
6568: "col", "colgroup", "html", "tbody", "td", "tfoot", "th",
6569: "thead", "tr"</dt>
6570: <dd>
6571: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Ignore the token.</p>
6572: </dd>
6573:
6574: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is one of: "style", "script"</dt>
6575: <dd>
6576:
6577: <p>Process the token <a href="#using-the-rules-for">using the rules for</a> the "<a href="#parsing-main-inhead" title="insertion mode: in head">in head</a>" <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion
6578: mode</a>.</p>
6579:
6580: </dd>
6581:
6582: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "input"</dt>
6583: <dd>
6584:
6585: <p>If the token does not have an attribute with the name "type",
6586: or if it does, but that attribute's value is not an <a href="infrastructure.html#ascii-case-insensitive">ASCII
6587: case-insensitive</a> match for the string "<code title="">hidden</code>", then: act as described in the "anything
6588: else" entry below.</p>
6589:
6590: <p>Otherwise:</p>
6591:
6592: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>.</p>
6593:
6594: <p><a href="#insert-an-html-element">Insert an HTML element</a> for the token.</p>
6595:
6596: <p>Pop that <code><a href="forms.html#the-input-element">input</a></code> element off the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of
6597: open elements</a>.</p>
6598:
6599: </dd>
6600:
6601: <dt>An end-of-file token</dt>
6602: <dd>
6603:
6604: <p>If the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> is not the root
1.159 mike 6605: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element-0">html</a></code> element, then this is a <a href="#parse-error">parse
1.1 mike 6606: error</a>.</p>
6607:
6608: <p class="note">It can only be the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> in
6609: the <a href="#fragment-case">fragment case</a>.</p>
6610:
6611: <p><a href="#stop-parsing">Stop parsing</a>.</p>
6612:
6613: </dd>
6614:
6615: <dt>Anything else</dt>
6616: <dd>
6617:
6618: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Process the token <a href="#using-the-rules-for">using the
6619: rules for</a> the "<a href="#parsing-main-inbody" title="insertion mode: in body">in
6620: body</a>" <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a>, except that if the
6621: <a href="#current-node">current node</a> is a <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-table-element">table</a></code>,
6622: <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tbody-element">tbody</a></code>, <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tfoot-element">tfoot</a></code>, <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-thead-element">thead</a></code>, or
6623: <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tr-element">tr</a></code> element, then, whenever a node would be inserted
6624: into the <a href="#current-node">current node</a>, it must instead be <a href="#foster-parent" title="foster parent">foster parented</a>.</p>
6625:
6626: </dd>
6627:
6628: </dl><p>When the steps above require the UA to <dfn id="clear-the-stack-back-to-a-table-context">clear the stack
6629: back to a table context</dfn>, it means that the UA must, while
6630: the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> is not a <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-table-element">table</a></code>
1.159 mike 6631: element or an <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element-0">html</a></code> element, pop elements from the
1.1 mike 6632: <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a>.</p>
6633:
6634: <p class="note">The <a href="#current-node">current node</a> being an
1.159 mike 6635: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element-0">html</a></code> element after this process is a <a href="#fragment-case">fragment
1.1 mike 6636: case</a>.</p>
6637:
6638:
6639:
6640: <h5 id="parsing-main-intabletext"><span class="secno">9.2.5.13 </span>The "<dfn title="insertion mode: in table text">in table text</dfn>" insertion mode</h5>
6641:
6642: <p>When the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> is "<a href="#parsing-main-intabletext" title="insertion
6643: mode: in table text">in table text</a>", tokens must be handled
6644: as follows:</p>
6645:
6646: <dl class="switch"><dt>A character token</dt>
6647: <dd>
6648:
6649: <p>Append the character token to the <var><a href="#pending-table-character-tokens">pending table character
6650: tokens</a></var> list.</p>
6651:
6652: </dd>
6653:
6654:
6655: <dt>Anything else</dt>
6656: <dd>
6657:
6658: <p>If any of the tokens in the <var><a href="#pending-table-character-tokens">pending table character
6659: tokens</a></var> list are character tokens that are not one of U+0009
6660: CHARACTER TABULATION, U+000A LINE FEED (LF), U+000C FORM FEED
6661: (FF), <!--U+000D CARRIAGE RETURN (CR),--> or U+0020 SPACE, then
6662: reprocess those character tokens using the rules given in the
6663: "anything else" entry in the <a href="#parsing-main-intable" title="insertion mode: in
6664: table">in table</a>" insertion mode.</p>
6665:
6666: <p>Otherwise, <a href="#insert-a-character" title="insert a character">insert the
6667: characters</a> given by the <var><a href="#pending-table-character-tokens">pending table character
6668: tokens</a></var> list into the <a href="#current-node">current node</a>.</p>
6669:
6670: <p>Switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to the <a href="#original-insertion-mode">original
6671: insertion mode</a> and reprocess the token.</p>
6672:
6673: </dd>
6674:
6675: </dl><h5 id="parsing-main-incaption"><span class="secno">9.2.5.14 </span>The "<dfn title="insertion mode: in caption">in caption</dfn>" insertion mode</h5>
6676:
6677: <p>When the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> is "<a href="#parsing-main-incaption" title="insertion
6678: mode: in caption">in caption</a>", tokens must be handled as follows:</p>
6679:
6680: <dl class="switch"><dt>An end tag whose tag name is "caption"</dt>
6681: <dd>
6682:
6683: <p>If the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> does not <a href="#has-an-element-in-table-scope" title="has an element in table scope">have an element in table
6684: scope</a> with the same tag name as the token, this is a
6685: <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a>. Ignore the token. (<a href="#fragment-case">fragment
6686: case</a>)</p>
6687:
6688: <p>Otherwise:</p>
6689:
6690: <p><a href="#generate-implied-end-tags">Generate implied end tags</a>.</p>
6691:
6692: <p>Now, if the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> is not a
6693: <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-caption-element">caption</a></code> element, then this is a <a href="#parse-error">parse
6694: error</a>.</p>
6695:
6696: <p>Pop elements from this stack until a <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-caption-element">caption</a></code>
6697: element has been popped from the stack.</p>
6698:
6699: <p><a href="#clear-the-list-of-active-formatting-elements-up-to-the-last-marker">Clear the list of active formatting elements up to
6700: the last marker</a>.</p>
6701:
6702: <p>Switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to "<a href="#parsing-main-intable" title="insertion mode: in table">in table</a>".</p>
6703:
6704: </dd>
6705:
6706: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is one of: "caption", "col",
6707: "colgroup", "tbody", "td", "tfoot", "th", "thead", "tr"</dt>
6708: <dt>An end tag whose tag name is "table"</dt>
6709: <dd>
6710:
6711: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Act as if an end tag with the tag
6712: name "caption" had been seen, then, if that token wasn't
6713: ignored, reprocess the current token.</p>
6714:
6715: <p class="note">The fake end tag token here can only be
6716: ignored in the <a href="#fragment-case">fragment case</a>.</p>
6717:
6718: </dd>
6719:
6720: <dt>An end tag whose tag name is one of: "body", "col",
6721: "colgroup", "html", "tbody", "td", "tfoot", "th", "thead",
6722: "tr"</dt>
6723: <dd>
6724: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Ignore the token.</p>
6725: </dd>
6726:
6727: <dt>Anything else</dt>
6728: <dd>
6729: <p>Process the token <a href="#using-the-rules-for">using the rules for</a> the "<a href="#parsing-main-inbody" title="insertion mode: in body">in body</a>" <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion
6730: mode</a>.</p>
6731: </dd>
6732:
6733: </dl><h5 id="parsing-main-incolgroup"><span class="secno">9.2.5.15 </span>The "<dfn title="insertion mode: in column group">in column group</dfn>" insertion mode</h5>
6734:
6735: <p>When the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> is "<a href="#parsing-main-incolgroup" title="insertion
6736: mode: in column group">in column group</a>", tokens must be handled as follows:</p>
6737:
6738: <dl class="switch"><dt>A character token that is one of U+0009 CHARACTER
6739: TABULATION, U+000A LINE FEED (LF), U+000C FORM FEED (FF),
6740: <!--U+000D CARRIAGE RETURN (CR),--> or U+0020 SPACE</dt>
6741: <dd>
6742: <p><a href="#insert-a-character" title="insert a character">Insert the character</a> into
6743: the <a href="#current-node">current node</a>.</p>
6744: </dd>
6745:
6746: <dt>A comment token</dt>
6747: <dd>
6748: <p>Append a <code>Comment</code> node to the <a href="#current-node">current
6749: node</a> with the <code title="">data</code> attribute set to
6750: the data given in the comment token.</p>
6751: </dd>
6752:
6753: <dt>A DOCTYPE token</dt>
6754: <dd>
6755: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Ignore the token.</p>
6756: </dd>
6757:
6758: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "html"</dt>
6759: <dd>
6760: <p>Process the token <a href="#using-the-rules-for">using the rules for</a> the "<a href="#parsing-main-inbody" title="insertion mode: in body">in body</a>" <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion
6761: mode</a>.</p>
6762: </dd>
6763:
6764: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "col"</dt>
6765: <dd>
6766:
6767: <p><a href="#insert-an-html-element">Insert an HTML element</a> for the token. Immediately
6768: pop the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> off the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open
6769: elements</a>.</p>
6770:
6771: <p><a href="#acknowledge-self-closing-flag" title="acknowledge self-closing flag">Acknowledge the
6772: token's <i>self-closing flag</i></a>, if it is set.</p>
6773:
6774: </dd>
6775:
6776: <dt>An end tag whose tag name is "colgroup"</dt>
6777: <dd>
6778:
6779: <p>If the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> is the root
1.159 mike 6780: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element-0">html</a></code> element, then this is a <a href="#parse-error">parse
1.1 mike 6781: error</a>; ignore the token. (<a href="#fragment-case">fragment
6782: case</a>)</p>
6783:
6784: <p>Otherwise, pop the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> (which will be
6785: a <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-colgroup-element">colgroup</a></code> element) from the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open
6786: elements</a>. Switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to
6787: "<a href="#parsing-main-intable" title="insertion mode: in table">in table</a>".</p>
6788:
6789: </dd>
6790:
6791: <dt>An end tag whose tag name is "col"</dt>
6792: <dd>
6793: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Ignore the token.</p>
6794: </dd>
6795:
6796: <dt>An end-of-file token</dt>
6797: <dd>
6798:
1.159 mike 6799: <p>If the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> is the root <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element-0">html</a></code>
1.1 mike 6800: element, then <a href="#stop-parsing">stop parsing</a>. (<a href="#fragment-case">fragment
6801: case</a>)</p>
6802:
6803: <p>Otherwise, act as described in the "anything else" entry
6804: below.</p>
6805:
6806: </dd>
6807:
6808: <dt>Anything else</dt>
6809: <dd>
6810:
6811: <p>Act as if an end tag with the tag name "colgroup" had been
6812: seen, and then, if that token wasn't ignored, reprocess the
6813: current token.</p>
6814:
6815: <p class="note">The fake end tag token here can only be
6816: ignored in the <a href="#fragment-case">fragment case</a>.</p>
6817:
6818: </dd>
6819:
6820: </dl><h5 id="parsing-main-intbody"><span class="secno">9.2.5.16 </span>The "<dfn title="insertion mode: in table body">in table body</dfn>" insertion mode</h5>
6821:
6822: <p>When the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> is "<a href="#parsing-main-intbody" title="insertion
6823: mode: in table body">in table body</a>", tokens must be handled as follows:</p>
6824:
6825: <dl class="switch"><dt>A start tag whose tag name is "tr"</dt>
6826: <dd>
6827:
6828: <p><a href="#clear-the-stack-back-to-a-table-body-context">Clear the stack back to a table body
6829: context</a>. (See below.)</p>
6830:
6831: <p><a href="#insert-an-html-element">Insert an HTML element</a> for the token, then switch
6832: the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to "<a href="#parsing-main-intr" title="insertion mode:
6833: in row">in row</a>".</p>
6834:
6835: </dd>
6836:
6837: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is one of: "th", "td"</dt>
6838: <dd>
6839: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Act as if a start tag with
6840: the tag name "tr" had been seen, then reprocess the current
6841: token.</p>
6842: </dd>
6843:
6844: <dt>An end tag whose tag name is one of: "tbody", "tfoot",
6845: "thead"</dt>
6846: <dd>
6847:
6848: <p>If the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> does not <a href="#has-an-element-in-table-scope" title="has an element in table scope">have an element in table
6849: scope</a> with the same tag name as the token, this is a
6850: <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a>. Ignore the token.</p>
6851:
6852: <p>Otherwise:</p>
6853:
6854: <p><a href="#clear-the-stack-back-to-a-table-body-context">Clear the stack back to a table body
6855: context</a>. (See below.)</p>
6856:
6857: <p>Pop the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> from the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of
6858: open elements</a>. Switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a>
6859: to "<a href="#parsing-main-intable" title="insertion mode: in table">in table</a>".</p>
6860:
6861: </dd>
6862:
6863: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is one of: "caption", "col",
6864: "colgroup", "tbody", "tfoot", "thead"</dt>
6865: <dt>An end tag whose tag name is "table"</dt>
6866: <dd>
6867:
6868: <p>If the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> does not <a href="#has-an-element-in-table-scope" title="has an element in table scope">have a
6869: <code>tbody</code>, <code>thead</code>, or <code>tfoot</code>
6870: element in table scope</a>, this is a <a href="#parse-error">parse
6871: error</a>. Ignore the token. (<a href="#fragment-case">fragment
6872: case</a>)</p>
6873:
6874: <p>Otherwise:</p>
6875:
6876: <p><a href="#clear-the-stack-back-to-a-table-body-context">Clear the stack back to a table body
6877: context</a>. (See below.)</p>
6878:
6879: <p>Act as if an end tag with the same tag name as the
6880: <a href="#current-node">current node</a> ("tbody", "tfoot", or "thead") had
6881: been seen, then reprocess the current token.</p>
6882:
6883: </dd>
6884:
6885: <dt>An end tag whose tag name is one of: "body", "caption",
6886: "col", "colgroup", "html", "td", "th", "tr"</dt>
6887: <dd>
6888: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Ignore the token.</p>
6889: </dd>
6890:
6891: <dt>Anything else</dt>
6892: <dd>
6893: <p>Process the token <a href="#using-the-rules-for">using the rules for</a> the "<a href="#parsing-main-intable" title="insertion mode: in table">in table</a>" <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion
6894: mode</a>.</p>
6895: </dd>
6896:
6897: </dl><p>When the steps above require the UA to <dfn id="clear-the-stack-back-to-a-table-body-context">clear the stack
6898: back to a table body context</dfn>, it means that the UA must,
6899: while the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> is not a <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tbody-element">tbody</a></code>,
1.159 mike 6900: <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tfoot-element">tfoot</a></code>, <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-thead-element">thead</a></code>, or <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element-0">html</a></code>
1.1 mike 6901: element, pop elements from the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open
6902: elements</a>.</p>
6903:
6904: <p class="note">The <a href="#current-node">current node</a> being an
1.159 mike 6905: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element-0">html</a></code> element after this process is a <a href="#fragment-case">fragment
1.1 mike 6906: case</a>.</p>
6907:
6908:
6909: <h5 id="parsing-main-intr"><span class="secno">9.2.5.17 </span>The "<dfn title="insertion mode: in row">in row</dfn>" insertion mode</h5>
6910:
6911: <p>When the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> is "<a href="#parsing-main-intr" title="insertion
6912: mode: in row">in row</a>", tokens must be handled as follows:</p>
6913:
6914: <dl class="switch"><dt>A start tag whose tag name is one of: "th", "td"</dt>
6915: <dd>
6916:
6917: <p><a href="#clear-the-stack-back-to-a-table-row-context">Clear the stack back to a table row
6918: context</a>. (See below.)</p>
6919:
6920: <p><a href="#insert-an-html-element">Insert an HTML element</a> for the token, then switch
6921: the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to "<a href="#parsing-main-intd" title="insertion mode:
6922: in cell">in cell</a>".</p>
6923:
6924: <p>Insert a marker at the end of the <a href="#list-of-active-formatting-elements">list of active
6925: formatting elements</a>.</p>
6926:
6927: </dd>
6928:
6929: <dt>An end tag whose tag name is "tr"</dt>
6930: <dd>
6931:
6932: <p>If the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> does not <a href="#has-an-element-in-table-scope" title="has an element in table scope">have an element in table
6933: scope</a> with the same tag name as the token, this is a
6934: <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a>. Ignore the token. (<a href="#fragment-case">fragment
6935: case</a>)</p>
6936:
6937: <p>Otherwise:</p>
6938:
6939: <p><a href="#clear-the-stack-back-to-a-table-row-context">Clear the stack back to a table row
6940: context</a>. (See below.)</p>
6941:
6942: <p>Pop the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> (which will be a
6943: <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tr-element">tr</a></code> element) from the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open
6944: elements</a>. Switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to
6945: "<a href="#parsing-main-intbody" title="insertion mode: in table body">in table
6946: body</a>".</p>
6947:
6948: </dd>
6949:
6950: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is one of: "caption", "col",
6951: "colgroup", "tbody", "tfoot", "thead", "tr"</dt>
6952: <dt>An end tag whose tag name is "table"</dt>
6953: <dd>
6954:
6955: <p>Act as if an end tag with the tag name "tr" had been seen,
6956: then, if that token wasn't ignored, reprocess the current
6957: token.</p>
6958:
6959: <p class="note">The fake end tag token here can only be
6960: ignored in the <a href="#fragment-case">fragment case</a>.</p>
6961:
6962: </dd>
6963:
6964: <dt>An end tag whose tag name is one of: "tbody", "tfoot",
6965: "thead"</dt>
6966: <dd>
6967:
6968: <p>If the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> does not <a href="#has-an-element-in-table-scope" title="has an element in table scope">have an element in table
6969: scope</a> with the same tag name as the token, this is a
6970: <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a>. Ignore the token.</p>
6971:
6972: <p>Otherwise, act as if an end tag with the tag name "tr" had
6973: been seen, then reprocess the current token.</p>
6974:
6975: </dd>
6976:
6977: <dt>An end tag whose tag name is one of: "body", "caption",
6978: "col", "colgroup", "html", "td", "th"</dt>
6979: <dd>
6980: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Ignore the token.</p>
6981: </dd>
6982:
6983: <dt>Anything else</dt>
6984: <dd>
6985: <p>Process the token <a href="#using-the-rules-for">using the rules for</a> the "<a href="#parsing-main-intable" title="insertion mode: in table">in table</a>" <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion
6986: mode</a>.</p>
6987: </dd>
6988:
6989: </dl><p>When the steps above require the UA to <dfn id="clear-the-stack-back-to-a-table-row-context">clear the stack
6990: back to a table row context</dfn>, it means that the UA must,
6991: while the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> is not a <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tr-element">tr</a></code>
1.159 mike 6992: element or an <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element-0">html</a></code> element, pop elements from the
1.1 mike 6993: <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a>.</p>
6994:
6995: <p class="note">The <a href="#current-node">current node</a> being an
1.159 mike 6996: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element-0">html</a></code> element after this process is a <a href="#fragment-case">fragment
1.1 mike 6997: case</a>.</p>
6998:
6999:
7000: <h5 id="parsing-main-intd"><span class="secno">9.2.5.18 </span>The "<dfn title="insertion mode: in cell">in cell</dfn>" insertion mode</h5>
7001:
7002: <p>When the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> is "<a href="#parsing-main-intd" title="insertion
7003: mode: in cell">in cell</a>", tokens must be handled as follows:</p>
7004:
7005: <dl class="switch"><dt>An end tag whose tag name is one of: "td", "th"</dt>
7006: <dd>
7007:
7008: <p>If the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> does not <a href="#has-an-element-in-table-scope" title="has an element in table scope">have an element in table
7009: scope</a> with the same tag name as that of the token, then
7010: this is a <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a> and the token must be
7011: ignored.</p>
7012:
7013: <p>Otherwise:</p>
7014:
7015: <p><a href="#generate-implied-end-tags">Generate implied end tags</a>.</p>
7016:
7017: <p>Now, if the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> is not an element
7018: with the same tag name as the token, then this is a
7019: <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a>.</p>
7020:
7021: <p>Pop elements from this stack until an element with the same
7022: tag name as the token has been popped from the stack.</p>
7023:
7024: <p><a href="#clear-the-list-of-active-formatting-elements-up-to-the-last-marker">Clear the list of active formatting elements up to
7025: the last marker</a>.</p>
7026:
7027: <p>Switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to "<a href="#parsing-main-intr" title="insertion mode: in row">in row</a>". (The
7028: <a href="#current-node">current node</a> will be a <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tr-element">tr</a></code> element at
7029: this point.)</p>
7030:
7031: </dd>
7032:
7033: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is one of: "caption", "col",
7034: "colgroup", "tbody", "td", "tfoot", "th", "thead", "tr"</dt>
7035: <dd>
7036:
7037: <p>If the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> does
7038: <em>not</em> <a href="#has-an-element-in-table-scope" title="has an element in table scope">have
7039: a <code>td</code> or <code>th</code> element in table
7040: scope</a>, then this is a <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a>; ignore
7041: the token. (<a href="#fragment-case">fragment case</a>)</p>
7042:
7043: <p>Otherwise, <a href="#close-the-cell">close the cell</a> (see below) and
7044: reprocess the current token.</p>
7045:
7046: </dd>
7047:
7048: <dt>An end tag whose tag name is one of: "body", "caption",
7049: "col", "colgroup", "html"</dt>
7050: <dd>
7051: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Ignore the token.</p>
7052: </dd>
7053:
7054: <dt>An end tag whose tag name is one of: "table", "tbody",
7055: "tfoot", "thead", "tr"</dt>
7056: <dd>
7057:
7058: <p>If the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> does not <a href="#has-an-element-in-table-scope" title="has an element in table scope">have an element in table
7059: scope</a> with the same tag name as that of the token
7060: (which can only happen for "tbody", "tfoot" and "thead", or,
7061: in the <a href="#fragment-case">fragment case</a>), then this is a <a href="#parse-error">parse
7062: error</a> and the token must be ignored.</p>
7063:
7064: <p>Otherwise, <a href="#close-the-cell">close the cell</a> (see below) and
7065: reprocess the current token.</p>
7066:
7067: </dd>
7068:
7069: <dt>Anything else</dt>
7070: <dd>
7071: <p>Process the token <a href="#using-the-rules-for">using the rules for</a> the "<a href="#parsing-main-inbody" title="insertion mode: in body">in body</a>" <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion
7072: mode</a>.</p>
7073: </dd>
7074:
7075: </dl><p>Where the steps above say to <dfn id="close-the-cell">close the cell</dfn>, they
7076: mean to run the following algorithm:</p>
7077:
7078: <ol><li><p>If the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> <a href="#has-an-element-in-table-scope" title="has an element in table scope">has a <code>td</code>
7079: element in table scope</a>, then act as if an end tag token
7080: with the tag name "td" had been seen.</p></li>
7081:
7082: <li><p>Otherwise, the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> will
7083: <a href="#has-an-element-in-table-scope" title="has an element in table scope">have a
7084: <code>th</code> element in table scope</a>; act as if an end
7085: tag token with the tag name "th" had been seen.</p></li>
7086:
7087: </ol><p class="note">The <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> cannot
7088: have both a <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-td-element">td</a></code> and a <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-th-element">th</a></code> element <a href="#has-an-element-in-table-scope" title="has an element in table scope">in table scope</a> at
7089: the same time, nor can it have neither when the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion
7090: mode</a> is "<a href="#parsing-main-intd" title="insertion mode: in cell">in
7091: cell</a>".</p>
7092:
7093:
7094: <h5 id="parsing-main-inselect"><span class="secno">9.2.5.19 </span>The "<dfn title="insertion mode: in select">in select</dfn>" insertion mode</h5>
7095:
7096: <p>When the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> is "<a href="#parsing-main-inselect" title="insertion
7097: mode: in select">in select</a>", tokens must be handled as follows:</p>
7098:
7099: <dl class="switch"><dt>A character token</dt>
7100: <dd>
7101: <p><a href="#insert-a-character" title="insert a character">Insert the token's
7102: character</a> into the <a href="#current-node">current node</a>.</p>
7103: </dd>
7104:
7105: <dt>A comment token</dt>
7106: <dd>
7107: <p>Append a <code>Comment</code> node to the <a href="#current-node">current
7108: node</a> with the <code title="">data</code> attribute set to
7109: the data given in the comment token.</p>
7110: </dd>
7111:
7112: <dt>A DOCTYPE token</dt>
7113: <dd>
7114: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Ignore the token.</p>
7115: </dd>
7116:
7117: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "html"</dt>
7118: <dd>
7119: <p>Process the token <a href="#using-the-rules-for">using the rules for</a> the "<a href="#parsing-main-inbody" title="insertion mode: in body">in body</a>" <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion
7120: mode</a>.</p>
7121: </dd>
7122:
7123: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "option"</dt>
7124: <dd>
7125:
7126: <p>If the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> is an <code><a href="forms.html#the-option-element">option</a></code>
7127: element, act as if an end tag with the tag name "option" had
7128: been seen.</p>
7129:
7130: <p><a href="#insert-an-html-element">Insert an HTML element</a> for the token.</p>
7131:
7132: </dd>
7133:
7134: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "optgroup"</dt>
7135: <dd>
7136:
7137: <p>If the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> is an <code><a href="forms.html#the-option-element">option</a></code>
7138: element, act as if an end tag with the tag name "option" had
7139: been seen.</p>
7140:
7141: <p>If the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> is an
7142: <code><a href="forms.html#the-optgroup-element">optgroup</a></code> element, act as if an end tag with the
7143: tag name "optgroup" had been seen.</p>
7144:
7145: <p><a href="#insert-an-html-element">Insert an HTML element</a> for the token.</p>
7146:
7147: </dd>
7148:
7149: <dt>An end tag whose tag name is "optgroup"</dt>
7150: <dd>
7151:
7152: <p>First, if the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> is an
7153: <code><a href="forms.html#the-option-element">option</a></code> element, and the node immediately before
7154: it in the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> is an
7155: <code><a href="forms.html#the-optgroup-element">optgroup</a></code> element, then act as if an end tag with
7156: the tag name "option" had been seen.</p>
7157:
7158: <p>If the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> is an
7159: <code><a href="forms.html#the-optgroup-element">optgroup</a></code> element, then pop that node from the
7160: <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a>. Otherwise, this is a
7161: <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a>; ignore the token.</p>
7162:
7163: </dd>
7164:
7165: <dt>An end tag whose tag name is "option"</dt>
7166: <dd>
7167:
7168: <p>If the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> is an <code><a href="forms.html#the-option-element">option</a></code>
7169: element, then pop that node from the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open
7170: elements</a>. Otherwise, this is a <a href="#parse-error">parse
7171: error</a>; ignore the token.</p>
7172:
7173: </dd>
7174:
7175: <dt>An end tag whose tag name is "select"</dt>
7176: <dd>
7177:
7178: <p>If the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> does not <a href="#has-an-element-in-table-scope" title="has an element in table scope">have an element in table
7179: scope</a> with the same tag name as the token, this is a
7180: <a href="#parse-error">parse error</a>. Ignore the token. (<a href="#fragment-case">fragment
7181: case</a>)</p>
7182:
7183: <p>Otherwise:</p>
7184:
7185: <p>Pop elements from the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a>
7186: until a <code><a href="forms.html#the-select-element">select</a></code> element has been popped from the
7187: stack.</p>
7188:
7189: <p><a href="#reset-the-insertion-mode-appropriately">Reset the insertion mode appropriately</a>.</p>
7190:
7191: </dd>
7192:
7193: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "select"</dt>
7194: <dd>
7195:
7196: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Act as if the token had been
7197: an end tag with the tag name "select" instead.</p>
7198:
7199: </dd>
7200:
7201: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is one of: "input", "keygen", "textarea"</dt>
7202: <dd>
1.73 mike 7203:
7204: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>.</p>
7205:
1.124 mike 7206: <p>If the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> does not <a href="#has-an-element-in-table-scope" title="has an element in table scope">have a <code>select</code>
7207: element in table scope</a>, ignore the token. (<a href="#fragment-case">fragment
7208: case</a>)</p>
1.73 mike 7209:
7210: <p>Otherwise, act as if an end tag with the tag name "select" had
7211: been seen, and reprocess the token.</p>
7212:
1.1 mike 7213: </dd>
7214:
7215: <dt>A start tag token whose tag name is "script"</dt>
7216: <dd>
7217: <p>Process the token <a href="#using-the-rules-for">using the rules for</a> the "<a href="#parsing-main-inhead" title="insertion mode: in head">in head</a>" <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion
7218: mode</a>.</p>
7219: </dd>
7220:
7221: <dt>An end-of-file token</dt>
7222: <dd>
7223:
7224: <p>If the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> is not the root
1.159 mike 7225: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element-0">html</a></code> element, then this is a <a href="#parse-error">parse
1.1 mike 7226: error</a>.</p>
7227:
7228: <p class="note">It can only be the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> in
7229: the <a href="#fragment-case">fragment case</a>.</p>
7230:
7231: <p><a href="#stop-parsing">Stop parsing</a>.</p>
7232:
7233: </dd>
7234:
7235: <dt>Anything else</dt>
7236: <dd>
7237: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Ignore the token.</p>
7238: </dd>
7239:
7240: </dl><h5 id="parsing-main-inselectintable"><span class="secno">9.2.5.20 </span>The "<dfn title="insertion mode: in select in table">in select in table</dfn>" insertion mode</h5>
7241:
7242: <p>When the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> is "<a href="#parsing-main-inselectintable" title="insertion
7243: mode: in select in table">in select in table</a>", tokens must be handled as follows:</p>
7244:
7245: <dl class="switch"><dt>A start tag whose tag name is one of: "caption", "table",
7246: "tbody", "tfoot", "thead", "tr", "td", "th"</dt>
7247: <dd>
7248: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Act as if an end tag with the tag
7249: name "select" had been seen, and reprocess the token.</p>
7250: </dd>
7251:
7252: <dt>An end tag whose tag name is one of: "caption", "table",
7253: "tbody", "tfoot", "thead", "tr", "td", "th"</dt>
7254: <dd>
7255:
7256: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>.</p>
7257:
7258: <p>If the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> <a href="#has-an-element-in-table-scope">has an
7259: element in table scope</a> with the same tag name as that
7260: of the token, then act as if an end tag with the tag name
7261: "select" had been seen, and reprocess the token. Otherwise,
7262: ignore the token.</p>
7263:
7264: </dd>
7265:
7266: <dt>Anything else</dt>
7267: <dd>
7268: <p>Process the token <a href="#using-the-rules-for">using the rules for</a> the "<a href="#parsing-main-inselect" title="insertion mode: in select">in select</a>" <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion
7269: mode</a>.</p>
7270: </dd>
7271:
1.168 mike 7272: </dl><h5 id="parsing-main-inforeign"><span class="secno">9.2.5.21 </span>The "<dfn title="insertion mode: in foreign content">in foreign content</dfn>" insertion mode</h5>
1.1 mike 7273:
7274: <p>When the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> is "<a href="#parsing-main-inforeign" title="insertion
7275: mode: in foreign content">in foreign content</a>", tokens must be
7276: handled as follows:</p>
7277:
7278: <dl class="switch"><dt>A character token</dt>
7279: <dd>
7280:
7281: <p><a href="#insert-a-character" title="insert a character">Insert the token's
7282: character</a> into the <a href="#current-node">current node</a>.</p>
7283:
7284: <p>If the token is not one of U+0009 CHARACTER TABULATION, U+000A
7285: LINE FEED (LF), U+000C FORM FEED (FF), <!--U+000D CARRIAGE RETURN
7286: (CR),--> or U+0020 SPACE, then set the <a href="#frameset-ok-flag">frameset-ok
7287: flag</a> to "not ok".</p>
7288:
7289: </dd>
7290:
7291: <dt>A comment token</dt>
7292: <dd>
7293: <p>Append a <code>Comment</code> node to the <a href="#current-node">current
7294: node</a> with the <code title="">data</code> attribute set to
7295: the data given in the comment token.</p>
7296: </dd>
7297:
7298: <dt>A DOCTYPE token</dt>
7299: <dd>
7300: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Ignore the token.</p>
7301: </dd>
7302:
7303: <dt>An end tag whose tag name is "script", if the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> is a <code title="">script</code> element in the <a href="#svg-namespace">SVG namespace</a>.</dt>
7304: <dd>
7305:
7306: <p>Pop the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> off the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open
7307: elements</a>.</p>
7308:
7309: <p>Let the <var title="">old insertion point</var> have the
7310: same value as the current <a href="#insertion-point">insertion point</a>. Let
7311: the <a href="#insertion-point">insertion point</a> be just before the <a href="#next-input-character">next
7312: input character</a>.</p>
7313:
7314: <p>Increment the parser's <a href="#script-nesting-level">script nesting level</a> by
7315: one. Set the <a href="#parser-pause-flag">parser pause flag</a> to true.</p>
7316:
7317: <p><a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/SVGMobile12/script.html#ScriptContentProcessing">Process
7318: the <code title="">script</code> element</a> according to the SVG
1.187 mike 7319: rules, if the user agent supports SVG. <a href="references.html#refsSVG">[SVG]</a></p>
1.1 mike 7320:
1.159 mike 7321: <p class="note">Even if this causes <a href="embedded-content-0.html#dom-document-write" title="dom-document-write">new characters to be inserted into the
1.1 mike 7322: tokenizer</a>, the parser will not be executed reentrantly,
7323: since the <a href="#parser-pause-flag">parser pause flag</a> is true.</p>
7324:
7325: <p>Decrement the parser's <a href="#script-nesting-level">script nesting level</a> by
7326: one. If the parser's <a href="#script-nesting-level">script nesting level</a> is zero,
7327: then set the <a href="#parser-pause-flag">parser pause flag</a> to false.</p>
7328:
7329: <p>Let the <a href="#insertion-point">insertion point</a> have the value of the <var title="">old insertion point</var>. (In other words, restore the
7330: <a href="#insertion-point">insertion point</a> to its previous value. This value
7331: might be the "undefined" value.)</p>
7332:
7333: </dd>
7334:
7335: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is neither "mglyph" nor "malignmark", if the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> is an <code title="">mi</code> element in the <a href="#mathml-namespace">MathML namespace</a>.</dt>
7336: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is neither "mglyph" nor "malignmark", if the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> is an <code title="">mo</code> element in the <a href="#mathml-namespace">MathML namespace</a>.</dt>
7337: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is neither "mglyph" nor "malignmark", if the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> is an <code title="">mn</code> element in the <a href="#mathml-namespace">MathML namespace</a>.</dt>
7338: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is neither "mglyph" nor "malignmark", if the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> is an <code title="">ms</code> element in the <a href="#mathml-namespace">MathML namespace</a>.</dt>
7339: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is neither "mglyph" nor "malignmark", if the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> is an <code title="">mtext</code> element in the <a href="#mathml-namespace">MathML namespace</a>.</dt>
7340: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "svg", if the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> is an <code title="">annotation-xml</code> element in the <a href="#mathml-namespace">MathML namespace</a>.</dt>
7341: <dt>A start tag, if the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> is a <code title="">foreignObject</code> element in the <a href="#svg-namespace">SVG namespace</a>.</dt>
7342: <dt>A start tag, if the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> is a <code title="">desc</code> element in the <a href="#svg-namespace">SVG namespace</a>.</dt>
7343: <dt>A start tag, if the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> is a <code title="">title</code> element in the <a href="#svg-namespace">SVG namespace</a>.</dt>
7344: <dt>A start tag, if the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> is an element in the <a href="#html-namespace-0">HTML namespace</a>.</dt>
7345: <dt>An end tag</dt>
7346: <dd>
7347:
7348: <p>Process the token <a href="#using-the-rules-for">using the rules for</a> the
7349: <a href="#secondary-insertion-mode">secondary insertion mode</a>.</p>
7350:
7351: <p>If, after doing so, the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> is still
7352: "<a href="#parsing-main-inforeign" title="insertion mode: in foreign content">in foreign
1.336 mike 7353: content</a>", but there is no element <a href="#has-an-element-in-scope" title="has an
7354: element in scope">in scope</a> that has a namespace other than
7355: the <a href="#html-namespace-0">HTML namespace</a>, switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion
1.1 mike 7356: mode</a> to the <a href="#secondary-insertion-mode">secondary insertion mode</a>.</p>
7357:
7358: </dd>
7359:
7360: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is one of: <!--"a",--> "b", "big",
7361: "blockquote", "body"<!--by inspection-->, "br", "center", "code",
1.422 mike 7362: "dd", "div", "dl", "dt"<!-- so that dd and dt can be handled
7363: uniformly throughout the parser -->, "em", "embed", "h1", "h2",
7364: "h3", "h4"<!--for completeness-->, "h5", "h6"<!--for
1.1 mike 7365: completeness-->, "head"<!--by inspection-->, "hr", "i", "img",
7366: "li", "listing"<!-- so that pre and listing can be handled
7367: uniformly throughout the parser -->, "menu", "meta", "nobr",
7368: "ol"<!-- so that dl, ul, and ol can be handled uniformly throughout
7369: the parser -->, "p", "pre", "ruby", "s", <!--"script",--> "small",
7370: "span", "strong", "strike"<!-- so that s and strike can be handled
7371: uniformly throughout the parser -->, <!--"style",--> "sub", "sup",
1.305 mike 7372: "table"<!--by inspection-->, "tt", "u", "ul", "var"</dt> <!-- this
7373: list was determined empirically by studying over 6,000,000,000
1.422 mike 7374: pages that were specifically not XML pages -->
7375: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "font", if the token has any
7376: attributes named "color", "face", or "size"</dt> <!-- the
7377: attributes here are required so that SVG <font> will go through as
7378: SVG but legacy <font>s won't -->
7379: <dt>An end-of-file token</dt> <dd>
1.1 mike 7380:
7381: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>.</p>
7382:
7383: <p>Pop elements from the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> until
7384: the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> is in the <a href="#html-namespace-0">HTML
7385: namespace</a>.</p>
7386:
7387: <p>Switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to the <a href="#secondary-insertion-mode">secondary
7388: insertion mode</a>, and reprocess the token.</p>
7389:
7390: </dd>
7391:
7392: <dt>Any other start tag</dt>
7393: <dd>
7394:
7395: <p>If the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> is an element in the
7396: <a href="#mathml-namespace">MathML namespace</a>, <a href="#adjust-mathml-attributes">adjust MathML
7397: attributes</a> for the token. (This fixes the case of MathML
7398: attributes that are not all lowercase.)</p>
7399:
7400: <p>If the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> is an element in the <a href="#svg-namespace">SVG
7401: namespace</a>, and the token's tag name is one of the ones in
7402: the first column of the following table, change the tag name to
7403: the name given in the corresponding cell in the second
7404: column. (This fixes the case of SVG elements that are not all
7405: lowercase.)</p>
7406:
7407: <table><thead><tr><th> Tag name </th><th> Element name
7408: </th></tr></thead><tbody><tr><td> <code title="">altglyph</code> </td><td> <code title="">altGlyph</code>
7409: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">altglyphdef</code> </td><td> <code title="">altGlyphDef</code>
7410: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">altglyphitem</code> </td><td> <code title="">altGlyphItem</code>
7411: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">animatecolor</code> </td><td> <code title="">animateColor</code>
7412: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">animatemotion</code> </td><td> <code title="">animateMotion</code>
7413: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">animatetransform</code> </td><td> <code title="">animateTransform</code>
7414: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">clippath</code> </td><td> <code title="">clipPath</code>
7415: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">feblend</code> </td><td> <code title="">feBlend</code>
7416: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">fecolormatrix</code> </td><td> <code title="">feColorMatrix</code>
7417: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">fecomponenttransfer</code> </td><td> <code title="">feComponentTransfer</code>
7418: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">fecomposite</code> </td><td> <code title="">feComposite</code>
7419: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">feconvolvematrix</code> </td><td> <code title="">feConvolveMatrix</code>
7420: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">fediffuselighting</code> </td><td> <code title="">feDiffuseLighting</code>
7421: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">fedisplacementmap</code> </td><td> <code title="">feDisplacementMap</code>
7422: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">fedistantlight</code> </td><td> <code title="">feDistantLight</code>
7423: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">feflood</code> </td><td> <code title="">feFlood</code>
7424: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">fefunca</code> </td><td> <code title="">feFuncA</code>
7425: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">fefuncb</code> </td><td> <code title="">feFuncB</code>
7426: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">fefuncg</code> </td><td> <code title="">feFuncG</code>
7427: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">fefuncr</code> </td><td> <code title="">feFuncR</code>
7428: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">fegaussianblur</code> </td><td> <code title="">feGaussianBlur</code>
7429: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">feimage</code> </td><td> <code title="">feImage</code>
7430: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">femerge</code> </td><td> <code title="">feMerge</code>
7431: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">femergenode</code> </td><td> <code title="">feMergeNode</code>
7432: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">femorphology</code> </td><td> <code title="">feMorphology</code>
7433: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">feoffset</code> </td><td> <code title="">feOffset</code>
7434: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">fepointlight</code> </td><td> <code title="">fePointLight</code>
7435: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">fespecularlighting</code> </td><td> <code title="">feSpecularLighting</code>
7436: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">fespotlight</code> </td><td> <code title="">feSpotLight</code>
7437: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">fetile</code> </td><td> <code title="">feTile</code>
7438: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">feturbulence</code> </td><td> <code title="">feTurbulence</code>
7439: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">foreignobject</code> </td><td> <code title="">foreignObject</code>
7440: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">glyphref</code> </td><td> <code title="">glyphRef</code>
7441: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">lineargradient</code> </td><td> <code title="">linearGradient</code>
7442: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">radialgradient</code> </td><td> <code title="">radialGradient</code>
7443: <!--<tr> <td> <code title="">solidcolor</code> <td> <code title="">solidColor</code> (SVG 1.2)-->
7444: </td></tr><tr><td> <code title="">textpath</code> </td><td> <code title="">textPath</code>
7445: </td></tr></tbody></table><p>If the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> is an element in the <a href="#svg-namespace">SVG
7446: namespace</a>, <a href="#adjust-svg-attributes">adjust SVG attributes</a> for the
7447: token. (This fixes the case of SVG attributes that are not all
7448: lowercase.)</p>
7449:
7450: <p><a href="#adjust-foreign-attributes">Adjust foreign attributes</a> for the token. (This
7451: fixes the use of namespaced attributes, in particular XLink in
7452: SVG.)</p>
7453:
7454: <p><a href="#insert-a-foreign-element">Insert a foreign element</a> for the token, in the
7455: same namespace as the <a href="#current-node">current node</a>.</p>
7456:
7457: <p>If the token has its <i>self-closing flag</i> set, pop the
7458: <a href="#current-node">current node</a> off the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open
7459: elements</a> and <a href="#acknowledge-self-closing-flag" title="acknowledge self-closing
7460: flag">acknowledge the token's <i>self-closing flag</i></a>.</p>
7461:
7462: </dd>
7463:
7464: </dl><h5 id="parsing-main-afterbody"><span class="secno">9.2.5.22 </span>The "<dfn title="insertion mode: after body">after body</dfn>" insertion mode</h5>
7465:
7466: <p>When the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> is "<a href="#parsing-main-afterbody" title="insertion
7467: mode: after body">after body</a>", tokens must be handled as follows:</p>
7468:
7469: <dl class="switch"><dt>A character token that is one of U+0009 CHARACTER
7470: TABULATION, U+000A LINE FEED (LF), U+000C FORM FEED (FF),
7471: <!--U+000D CARRIAGE RETURN (CR),--> or U+0020 SPACE</dt>
7472: <dd>
7473: <p>Process the token <a href="#using-the-rules-for">using the rules for</a> the "<a href="#parsing-main-inbody" title="insertion mode: in body">in body</a>" <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion
7474: mode</a>.</p>
7475: </dd>
7476:
7477: <dt>A comment token</dt>
7478: <dd>
7479: <p>Append a <code>Comment</code> node to the first element in
1.159 mike 7480: the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> (the <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element-0">html</a></code>
1.1 mike 7481: element), with the <code title="">data</code> attribute set to
7482: the data given in the comment token.</p>
7483: </dd>
7484:
7485: <dt>A DOCTYPE token</dt>
7486: <dd>
7487: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Ignore the token.</p>
7488: </dd>
7489:
7490: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "html"</dt>
7491: <dd>
7492: <p>Process the token <a href="#using-the-rules-for">using the rules for</a> the "<a href="#parsing-main-inbody" title="insertion mode: in body">in body</a>" <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion
7493: mode</a>.</p>
7494: </dd>
7495:
7496: <dt>An end tag whose tag name is "html"</dt>
7497: <dd>
7498:
7499: <p>If the parser was originally created as part of the <a href="#html-fragment-parsing-algorithm">HTML
7500: fragment parsing algorithm</a>, this is a <a href="#parse-error">parse
7501: error</a>; ignore the token. (<a href="#fragment-case">fragment case</a>)</p>
7502:
7503: <p>Otherwise, switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to "<a href="#the-after-after-body-insertion-mode" title="insertion mode: after after body">after after
7504: body</a>".</p>
7505:
7506: </dd>
7507:
7508: <dt>An end-of-file token</dt>
7509: <dd>
7510: <p><a href="#stop-parsing">Stop parsing</a>.</p>
7511: </dd>
7512:
7513: <dt>Anything else</dt>
7514: <dd>
7515:
7516: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion
7517: mode</a> to "<a href="#parsing-main-inbody" title="insertion mode: in body">in
7518: body</a>" and reprocess the token.</p>
7519:
7520: </dd>
7521:
7522: </dl><h5 id="parsing-main-inframeset"><span class="secno">9.2.5.23 </span>The "<dfn title="insertion mode: in frameset">in frameset</dfn>" insertion mode</h5>
7523:
7524: <p>When the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> is "<a href="#parsing-main-inframeset" title="insertion
7525: mode: in frameset">in frameset</a>", tokens must be handled as follows:</p>
7526:
7527: <dl class="switch"><dt>A character token that is one of U+0009 CHARACTER
7528: TABULATION, U+000A LINE FEED (LF), U+000C FORM FEED (FF),
7529: <!--U+000D CARRIAGE RETURN (CR),--> or U+0020 SPACE</dt>
7530: <dd>
7531: <p><a href="#insert-a-character" title="insert a character">Insert the character</a> into
7532: the <a href="#current-node">current node</a>.</p>
7533: </dd>
7534:
7535: <dt>A comment token</dt>
7536: <dd>
7537: <p>Append a <code>Comment</code> node to the <a href="#current-node">current
7538: node</a> with the <code title="">data</code> attribute set to
7539: the data given in the comment token.</p>
7540: </dd>
7541:
7542: <dt>A DOCTYPE token</dt>
7543: <dd>
7544: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Ignore the token.</p>
7545: </dd>
7546:
7547: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "html"</dt>
7548: <dd>
7549: <p>Process the token <a href="#using-the-rules-for">using the rules for</a> the "<a href="#parsing-main-inbody" title="insertion mode: in body">in body</a>" <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion
7550: mode</a>.</p>
7551: </dd>
7552:
7553: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "frameset"</dt>
7554: <dd>
7555: <p><a href="#insert-an-html-element">Insert an HTML element</a> for the token.</p>
7556: </dd>
7557:
7558: <dt>An end tag whose tag name is "frameset"</dt>
7559: <dd>
7560:
7561: <p>If the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> is the root
1.159 mike 7562: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element-0">html</a></code> element, then this is a <a href="#parse-error">parse
1.1 mike 7563: error</a>; ignore the token. (<a href="#fragment-case">fragment
7564: case</a>)</p>
7565:
7566: <p>Otherwise, pop the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> from the
7567: <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a>.</p>
7568:
7569: <p>If the parser was <em>not</em> originally created as part
7570: of the <a href="#html-fragment-parsing-algorithm">HTML fragment parsing algorithm</a>
7571: (<a href="#fragment-case">fragment case</a>), and the <a href="#current-node">current
1.5 mike 7572: node</a> is no longer a <code><a href="obsolete.html#frameset">frameset</a></code> element, then
1.1 mike 7573: switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to "<a href="#parsing-main-afterframeset" title="insertion mode: after frameset">after
7574: frameset</a>".</p>
7575:
7576: </dd>
7577:
7578: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "frame"</dt>
7579: <dd>
7580:
7581: <p><a href="#insert-an-html-element">Insert an HTML element</a> for the token.
7582: Immediately pop the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> off the
7583: <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a>.</p>
7584:
7585: <p><a href="#acknowledge-self-closing-flag" title="acknowledge self-closing flag">Acknowledge the
7586: token's <i>self-closing flag</i></a>, if it is set.</p>
7587:
7588: </dd>
7589:
7590: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "noframes"</dt>
7591: <dd>
7592: <p>Process the token <a href="#using-the-rules-for">using the rules for</a> the "<a href="#parsing-main-inhead" title="insertion mode: in head">in head</a>" <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion
7593: mode</a>.</p>
7594: </dd>
7595:
7596: <dt>An end-of-file token</dt>
7597: <dd>
7598:
7599: <p>If the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> is not the root
1.159 mike 7600: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element-0">html</a></code> element, then this is a <a href="#parse-error">parse
1.1 mike 7601: error</a>.</p>
7602:
7603: <p class="note">It can only be the <a href="#current-node">current node</a> in
7604: the <a href="#fragment-case">fragment case</a>.</p>
7605:
7606: <p><a href="#stop-parsing">Stop parsing</a>.</p>
7607:
7608: </dd>
7609:
7610: <dt>Anything else</dt>
7611: <dd>
7612: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Ignore the token.</p>
7613: </dd>
7614:
7615: </dl><h5 id="parsing-main-afterframeset"><span class="secno">9.2.5.24 </span>The "<dfn title="insertion mode: after frameset">after frameset</dfn>" insertion mode</h5>
7616:
7617: <p>When the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> is "<a href="#parsing-main-afterframeset" title="insertion
7618: mode: after frameset">after frameset</a>", tokens must be handled as follows:</p>
7619:
7620: <!-- due to rules in the "in frameset" mode, this can't be entered in the fragment case -->
7621: <dl class="switch"><dt>A character token that is one of U+0009 CHARACTER
7622: TABULATION, U+000A LINE FEED (LF), U+000C FORM FEED (FF),
7623: <!--U+000D CARRIAGE RETURN (CR),--> or U+0020 SPACE</dt>
7624: <dd>
7625: <p><a href="#insert-a-character" title="insert a character">Insert the character</a> into
7626: the <a href="#current-node">current node</a>.</p>
7627: </dd>
7628:
7629: <dt>A comment token</dt>
7630: <dd>
7631: <p>Append a <code>Comment</code> node to the <a href="#current-node">current
7632: node</a> with the <code title="">data</code> attribute set to
7633: the data given in the comment token.</p>
7634: </dd>
7635:
7636: <dt>A DOCTYPE token</dt>
7637: <dd>
7638: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Ignore the token.</p>
7639: </dd>
7640:
7641: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "html"</dt>
7642: <dd>
7643: <p>Process the token <a href="#using-the-rules-for">using the rules for</a> the "<a href="#parsing-main-inbody" title="insertion mode: in body">in body</a>" <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion
7644: mode</a>.</p>
7645: </dd>
7646:
7647: <dt>An end tag whose tag name is "html"</dt>
7648: <dd>
7649: <p>Switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> to "<a href="#the-after-after-frameset-insertion-mode" title="insertion mode: after after frameset">after after
7650: frameset</a>".</p>
7651: </dd>
7652:
7653: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "noframes"</dt>
7654: <dd>
7655: <p>Process the token <a href="#using-the-rules-for">using the rules for</a> the "<a href="#parsing-main-inhead" title="insertion mode: in head">in head</a>" <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion
7656: mode</a>.</p>
7657: </dd>
7658:
7659: <dt>An end-of-file token</dt>
7660: <dd>
7661: <p><a href="#stop-parsing">Stop parsing</a>.</p>
7662: </dd>
7663:
7664: <dt>Anything else</dt>
7665: <dd>
7666: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Ignore the token.</p>
7667: </dd>
7668:
1.336 mike 7669: </dl><h5 id="the-after-after-body-insertion-mode"><span class="secno">9.2.5.25 </span>The "<dfn title="insertion mode: after after body">after after body</dfn>" insertion mode</h5>
1.1 mike 7670:
7671: <p>When the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> is "<a href="#the-after-after-body-insertion-mode" title="insertion
7672: mode: after after body">after after body</a>", tokens must be handled as follows:</p>
7673:
7674: <dl class="switch"><dt>A comment token</dt>
7675: <dd>
7676: <p>Append a <code>Comment</code> node to the <code>Document</code>
7677: object with the <code title="">data</code> attribute set to the
7678: data given in the comment token.</p>
7679: </dd>
7680:
7681: <dt>A DOCTYPE token</dt>
7682: <dt>A character token that is one of U+0009 CHARACTER
7683: TABULATION, U+000A LINE FEED (LF), U+000C FORM FEED (FF),
7684: <!--U+000D CARRIAGE RETURN (CR),--> or U+0020 SPACE</dt>
7685: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "html"</dt>
7686: <dd>
7687: <p>Process the token <a href="#using-the-rules-for">using the rules for</a> the "<a href="#parsing-main-inbody" title="insertion mode: in body">in body</a>" <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion
7688: mode</a>.</p>
7689: </dd>
7690:
7691: <dt>An end-of-file token</dt>
7692: <dd>
7693: <p><a href="#stop-parsing">Stop parsing</a>.</p>
7694: </dd>
7695:
7696: <dt>Anything else</dt>
7697: <dd>
7698: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Switch the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a>
7699: to "<a href="#parsing-main-inbody" title="insertion mode: in body">in body</a>" and
7700: reprocess the token.</p>
7701: </dd>
7702:
7703: </dl><h5 id="the-after-after-frameset-insertion-mode"><span class="secno">9.2.5.26 </span>The "<dfn title="insertion mode: after after frameset">after after frameset</dfn>" insertion mode</h5>
7704:
7705: <p>When the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> is "<a href="#the-after-after-frameset-insertion-mode" title="insertion
7706: mode: after after frameset">after after frameset</a>", tokens must be handled as follows:</p>
7707:
7708: <dl class="switch"><dt>A comment token</dt>
7709: <dd>
7710: <p>Append a <code>Comment</code> node to the <code>Document</code>
7711: object with the <code title="">data</code> attribute set to the
7712: data given in the comment token.</p>
7713: </dd>
7714:
7715: <dt>A DOCTYPE token</dt>
7716: <dt>A character token that is one of U+0009 CHARACTER
7717: TABULATION, U+000A LINE FEED (LF), U+000C FORM FEED (FF),
7718: <!--U+000D CARRIAGE RETURN (CR),--> or U+0020 SPACE</dt>
7719: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "html"</dt>
7720: <dd>
7721: <p>Process the token <a href="#using-the-rules-for">using the rules for</a> the "<a href="#parsing-main-inbody" title="insertion mode: in body">in body</a>" <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion
7722: mode</a>.</p>
7723: </dd>
7724:
7725: <dt>An end-of-file token</dt>
7726: <dd>
7727: <p><a href="#stop-parsing">Stop parsing</a>.</p>
7728: </dd>
7729:
7730: <dt>A start tag whose tag name is "noframes"</dt>
7731: <dd>
7732: <p>Process the token <a href="#using-the-rules-for">using the rules for</a> the "<a href="#parsing-main-inhead" title="insertion mode: in head">in head</a>" <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion
7733: mode</a>.</p>
7734: </dd>
7735:
7736: <dt>Anything else</dt>
7737: <dd>
7738: <p><a href="#parse-error">Parse error</a>. Ignore the token.</p>
7739: </dd>
7740:
1.266 mike 7741: </dl></div><div class="impl">
7742:
7743: <h4 id="the-end"><span class="secno">9.2.6 </span>The end</h4>
1.1 mike 7744:
7745: <p>Once the user agent <dfn id="stop-parsing" title="stop parsing">stops parsing</dfn>
1.484 mike 7746: the document, the user agent must run the following steps:</p>
1.1 mike 7747:
1.484 mike 7748: <ol><!-- this happens as part of one of the tasks that runs the parser --><li><p>Set the <a href="dom.html#current-document-readiness">current document readiness</a> to
7749: "interactive" <!-- this also synchronously fires an event --> and
7750: the <a href="#insertion-point">insertion point</a> to undefined.</p></li>
7751:
7752: <li><p>If the <a href="semantics.html#list-of-scripts-that-will-execute-when-the-document-has-finished-parsing">list of scripts that will execute when the
7753: document has finished parsing</a> is not empty, run these
7754: substeps:</p>
7755:
7756: <ol><li><p><a href="browsers.html#spin-the-event-loop">Spin the event loop</a> until the first
7757: <code><a href="semantics.html#script">script</a></code> in the <a href="semantics.html#list-of-scripts-that-will-execute-when-the-document-has-finished-parsing">list of scripts that will
7758: execute when the document has finished parsing</a> has its
7759: <a href="semantics.html#ready-to-be-parser-executed">"ready to be parser-executed"</a> flag set <em>and</em> there
7760: is no <a href="semantics.html#a-style-sheet-blocking-scripts" title="a style sheet blocking scripts">style sheet
7761: blocking scripts</a>.</p></li>
7762:
7763: <li><p><a href="semantics.html#executing-a-script-block" title="executing a script block">Execute</a> the
7764: first <code><a href="semantics.html#script">script</a></code> in the <a href="semantics.html#list-of-scripts-that-will-execute-when-the-document-has-finished-parsing">list of scripts that will
7765: execute when the document has finished parsing</a>.</p></li>
7766:
7767: <li><p>Remove the first <code><a href="semantics.html#script">script</a></code> element from the
7768: <a href="semantics.html#list-of-scripts-that-will-execute-when-the-document-has-finished-parsing">list of scripts that will execute when the document has
7769: finished parsing</a> (i.e. shift out the first entry in the
7770: list).</p></li>
7771:
7772: <li><p>If the <a href="semantics.html#list-of-scripts-that-will-execute-when-the-document-has-finished-parsing">list of scripts that will execute when the
7773: document has finished parsing</a> is still not empty, repeat
7774: these substeps again from substep 1.</p>
7775:
7776: </li></ol></li>
7777:
7778: <li><p><a href="browsers.html#spin-the-event-loop">Spin the event loop</a> until the the <a href="semantics.html#list-of-scripts-that-will-execute-as-soon-as-possible">list of
7779: scripts that will execute as soon as possible</a> is
7780: empty.</p></li>
7781:
7782: <li><p><a href="browsers.html#queue-a-task">Queue a task</a> to <a href="browsers.html#fire-a-simple-event">fire a simple
7783: event</a> named <code title="event-DOMContentLoaded">DOMContentLoaded</code> at the
7784: <code>Document</code>.</p></li>
7785:
7786: <li><p><a href="browsers.html#spin-the-event-loop">Spin the event loop</a> until there is nothing that
7787: <dfn id="delay-the-load-event" title="delay the load event">delays the load event</dfn> in
7788: the <code>Document</code>.</p></li>
7789:
7790: <li><p><a href="browsers.html#queue-a-task">Queue a task</a> to set the <a href="dom.html#current-document-readiness">current document
7791: readiness</a> to "complete". <!-- this also fires an event
7792: synchronously during the task --></p></li>
1.1 mike 7793:
1.484 mike 7794: <li><p>If the <code>Document</code> is in a <a href="browsers.html#browsing-context">browsing
1.1 mike 7795: context</a>, then <a href="browsers.html#queue-a-task">queue a task</a> to <a href="browsers.html#fire-a-simple-event">fire a
1.460 mike 7796: simple event</a> named <code title="event-load">load</code> at
1.1 mike 7797: the <code>Document</code>'s <code><a href="browsers.html#window">Window</a></code> object, but with
7798: its <code title="dom-event-target">target</code> set to the
7799: <code>Document</code> object (and the <code title="dom-event-currentTarget">currentTarget</code> set to the
1.484 mike 7800: <code><a href="browsers.html#window">Window</a></code> object).</p></li>
1.1 mike 7801:
1.569 mike 7802: <li><p>If the <code>Document</code> is in a <a href="browsers.html#browsing-context">browsing
7803: context</a>, then <a href="browsers.html#queue-a-task">queue a task</a> to <a href="browsers.html#fire-a-simple-event">fire a
7804: simple event</a> named <code title="event-pageshow">pageshow</code> at the
7805: <code>Document</code>'s <code><a href="browsers.html#window">Window</a></code> object.</p></li>
7806:
1.484 mike 7807: <li><p>If the <code>Document</code> has a <a href="history.html#pending-state-object">pending state
1.1 mike 7808: object</a>, then <a href="browsers.html#queue-a-task">queue a task</a> to fire a <code title="event-popstate"><a href="history.html#event-popstate">popstate</a></code> event in no namespace on the
7809: <code>Document</code>'s <code><a href="browsers.html#window">Window</a></code> object using the
7810: <code><a href="history.html#popstateevent">PopStateEvent</a></code> interface, with the <code title="dom-PopStateEvent-state"><a href="history.html#dom-popstateevent-state">state</a></code> attribute set to the
7811: current value of the <a href="history.html#pending-state-object">pending state object</a>. This event
1.484 mike 7812: must bubble but not be cancelable and has no default
7813: action.</p></li>
1.1 mike 7814:
1.484 mike 7815: </ol><p>The <a href="browsers.html#task-source">task source</a> for the <a href="browsers.html#concept-task" title="concept-task">tasks</a> mentioned in this section is the
7816: <a href="browsers.html#dom-manipulation-task-source">DOM manipulation task source</a>.</p>
1.1 mike 7817:
1.266 mike 7818: </div><div class="impl">
1.1 mike 7819:
7820: <h4 id="coercing-an-html-dom-into-an-infoset"><span class="secno">9.2.7 </span>Coercing an HTML DOM into an infoset</h4>
7821:
7822: <p>When an application uses an <a href="#html-parser">HTML parser</a> in
7823: conjunction with an XML pipeline, it is possible that the
7824: constructed DOM is not compatible with the XML tool chain in certain
7825: subtle ways. For example, an XML toolchain might not be able to
7826: represent attributes with the name <code title="">xmlns</code>,
7827: since they conflict with the Namespaces in XML syntax. There is also
7828: some data that the <a href="#html-parser">HTML parser</a> generates that isn't
7829: included in the DOM itself. This section specifies some rules for
7830: handling these issues.</p>
7831:
7832: <p>If the XML API being used doesn't support DOCTYPEs, the tool may
7833: drop DOCTYPEs altogether.</p>
7834:
7835: <p>If the XML API doesn't support attributes in no namespace that
7836: are named "<code title="">xmlns</code>", attributes whose names
7837: start with "<code title="">xmlns:</code>", or attributes in the
7838: <a href="#xmlns-namespace">XMLNS namespace</a>, then the tool may drop such
7839: attributes.</p>
7840:
7841: <p>The tool may annotate the output with any namespace declarations
7842: required for proper operation.</p>
7843:
7844: <p>If the XML API being used restricts the allowable characters in
7845: the local names of elements and attributes, then the tool may map
7846: all element and attribute local names that the API wouldn't support
7847: to a set of names that <em>are</em> allowed, by replacing any
7848: character that isn't supported with the uppercase letter U and the
7849: six digits of the character's Unicode code point when expressed in
7850: hexadecimal, using digits 0-9 and capital letters A-F as the
7851: symbols, in increasing numeric order.</p>
7852:
7853: <p class="example">For example, the element name <code title="">foo<bar</code>, which can be output by the <a href="#html-parser">HTML
7854: parser</a>, though it is neither a legal HTML element name nor a
7855: well-formed XML element name, would be converted into <code title="">fooU00003Cbar</code>, which <em>is</em> a well-formed XML
7856: element name (though it's still not legal in HTML by any means).</p>
7857:
7858: <p class="example">As another example, consider the attribute
7859: <code>xlink:href</code>. Used on a MathML element, it becomes, after
7860: being <a href="#adjust-foreign-attributes" title="adjust foreign attributes">adjusted</a>, an
7861: attribute with a prefix "<code title="">xlink</code>" and a local
7862: name "<code title="">href</code>". However, used on an HTML element,
7863: it becomes an attribute with no prefix and the local name "<code title="">xlink:href</code>", which is not a valid NCName, and thus
7864: might not be accepted by an XML API. It could thus get converted,
7865: becoming "<code title="">xlinkU00003Ahref</code>".</p>
7866:
7867: <p class="note">The resulting names from this conversion
7868: conveniently can't clash with any attribute generated by the
7869: <a href="#html-parser">HTML parser</a>, since those are all either lowercase or
7870: those listed in the <a href="#adjust-foreign-attributes">adjust foreign attributes</a>
7871: algorithm's table.</p>
7872:
7873: <p>If the XML API restricts comments from having two consecutive
7874: U+002D HYPHEN-MINUS characters (--), the tool may insert a single
7875: U+0020 SPACE character between any such offending characters.</p>
7876:
7877: <p>If the XML API restricts comments from ending in a
7878: U+002D HYPHEN-MINUS character (-), the tool may insert a single
7879: U+0020 SPACE character at the end of such comments.</p>
7880:
7881: <p>If the XML API restricts allowed characters in character data,
1.439 mike 7882: attribute values, or comments, the tool may replace any U+000C FORM
7883: FEED (FF) character with a U+0020 SPACE character, and any other
7884: literal non-XML character with a U+FFFD REPLACEMENT CHARACTER.</p>
1.1 mike 7885:
7886: <p>If the tool has no way to convey out-of-band information, then
7887: the tool may drop the following information:</p>
7888:
7889: <ul><li>Whether the document is set to <i><a href="dom.html#no-quirks-mode">no quirks mode</a></i>,
7890: <i><a href="dom.html#limited-quirks-mode">limited quirks mode</a></i>, or <i><a href="dom.html#quirks-mode">quirks mode</a></i></li>
7891:
7892: <li>The association between form controls and forms that aren't
7893: their nearest <code><a href="forms.html#the-form-element">form</a></code> element ancestor (use of the
7894: <a href="#form-element-pointer"><code>form</code> element pointer</a> in the parser)</li>
7895:
7896: </ul><p class="note">The mutations allowed by this section apply
7897: <em>after</em> the <a href="#html-parser">HTML parser</a>'s rules have been
7898: applied. For example, a <code title=""><a::></code> start tag
7899: will be closed by a <code title=""></a::></code> end tag, and
7900: never by a <code title=""></aU00003AU00003A></code> end tag, even
7901: if the user agent is using the rules above to then generate an
7902: actual element in the DOM with the name <code title="">aU00003AU00003A</code> for that start tag.</p>
7903:
1.266 mike 7904: </div><div class="impl">
1.1 mike 7905:
1.35 mike 7906: <h4 id="an-introduction-to-error-handling-and-strange-cases-in-the-parser"><span class="secno">9.2.8 </span>An introduction to error handling and strange cases in the parser</h4>
1.1 mike 7907:
7908: <p><i>This section is non-normative.</i></p>
7909:
7910: <p>This section examines some erroneous markup and discusses how
7911: the <a href="#html-parser">HTML parser</a> handles these cases.</p>
7912:
7913:
7914: <h5 id="misnested-tags:-b-i-b-i"><span class="secno">9.2.8.1 </span>Misnested tags: <b><i></b></i></h5>
7915:
7916: <p><i>This section is non-normative.</i></p>
7917:
7918: <p>The most-often discussed example of erroneous markup is as
7919: follows:</p>
7920:
7921: <pre><p>1<b>2<i>3</b>4</i>5</p></pre>
7922:
7923: <p>The parsing of this markup is straightforward up to the "3". At
7924: this point, the DOM looks like this:</p>
7925:
1.159 mike 7926: <ul class="domTree"><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element-0">html</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-head-element-0">head</a></code></li><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-body-element-0">body</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-p-element">p</a></code><ul><li class="t3"><code>#text</code>: <span title="">1</span></li><li class="t1"><code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-b-element">b</a></code><ul><li class="t3"><code>#text</code>: <span title="">2</span></li><li class="t1"><code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-i-element">i</a></code><ul><li class="t3"><code>#text</code>: <span title="">3</span></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul><p>Here, the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> has five elements
7927: on it: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element-0">html</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-body-element-0">body</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-p-element">p</a></code>,
1.1 mike 7928: <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-b-element">b</a></code>, and <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-i-element">i</a></code>. The <a href="#list-of-active-formatting-elements">list of active
7929: formatting elements</a> just has two: <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-b-element">b</a></code> and
7930: <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-i-element">i</a></code>. The <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> is "<a href="#parsing-main-inbody" title="insertion mode: in body">in body</a>".</p>
7931:
7932: <p>Upon receiving the end tag token with the tag name "b", the "<a href="#adoptionAgency">adoption agency algorithm</a>" is
7933: invoked. This is a simple case, in that the <var title="">formatting
7934: element</var> is the <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-b-element">b</a></code> element, and there is no
7935: <var title="">furthest block</var>. Thus, the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open
1.159 mike 7936: elements</a> ends up with just three elements: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element-0">html</a></code>,
7937: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-body-element-0">body</a></code>, and <code><a href="semantics.html#the-p-element">p</a></code>, while the <a href="#list-of-active-formatting-elements">list of
1.1 mike 7938: active formatting elements</a> has just one: <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-i-element">i</a></code>. The
7939: DOM tree is unmodified at this point.</p>
7940:
7941: <p>The next token is a character ("4"), triggers the <a href="#reconstruct-the-active-formatting-elements" title="reconstruct the active formatting elements">reconstruction of
7942: the active formatting elements</a>, in this case just the
7943: <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-i-element">i</a></code> element. A new <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-i-element">i</a></code> element is thus created
7944: for the "4" text node. After the end tag token for the "i" is also
7945: received, and the "5" text node is inserted, the DOM looks as
7946: follows:</p>
7947:
1.159 mike 7948: <ul class="domTree"><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element-0">html</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-head-element-0">head</a></code></li><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-body-element-0">body</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-p-element">p</a></code><ul><li class="t3"><code>#text</code>: <span title="">1</span></li><li class="t1"><code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-b-element">b</a></code><ul><li class="t3"><code>#text</code>: <span title="">2</span></li><li class="t1"><code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-i-element">i</a></code><ul><li class="t3"><code>#text</code>: <span title="">3</span></li></ul></li></ul></li><li class="t1"><code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-i-element">i</a></code><ul><li class="t3"><code>#text</code>: <span title="">4</span></li></ul></li><li class="t3"><code>#text</code>: <span title="">5</span></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul><h5 id="misnested-tags:-b-p-b-p"><span class="secno">9.2.8.2 </span>Misnested tags: <b><p></b></p></h5>
1.1 mike 7949:
7950: <p><i>This section is non-normative.</i></p>
7951:
7952: <p>A case similar to the previous one is the following:</p>
7953:
7954: <pre><b>1<p>2</b>3</p></pre>
7955:
7956: <p>Up to the "2" the parsing here is straightforward:</p>
7957:
1.159 mike 7958: <ul class="domTree"><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element-0">html</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-head-element-0">head</a></code></li><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-body-element-0">body</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-b-element">b</a></code><ul><li class="t3"><code>#text</code>: <span title="">1</span></li><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-p-element">p</a></code><ul><li class="t3"><code>#text</code>: <span title="">2</span></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul><p>The interesting part is when the end tag token with the tag name
1.1 mike 7959: "b" is parsed.</p>
7960:
7961: <p>Before that token is seen, the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open
1.159 mike 7962: elements</a> has four elements on it: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element-0">html</a></code>,
7963: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-body-element-0">body</a></code>, <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-b-element">b</a></code>, and <code><a href="semantics.html#the-p-element">p</a></code>. The
1.1 mike 7964: <a href="#list-of-active-formatting-elements">list of active formatting elements</a> just has the one:
7965: <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-b-element">b</a></code>. The <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> is "<a href="#parsing-main-inbody" title="insertion mode: in body">in body</a>".</p>
7966:
7967: <p>Upon receiving the end tag token with the tag name "b", the "<a href="#adoptionAgency">adoption agency algorithm</a>" is invoked, as
7968: in the previous example. However, in this case, there <em>is</em> a
7969: <var title="">furthest block</var>, namely the <code><a href="semantics.html#the-p-element">p</a></code> element. Thus,
7970: this time the adoption agency algorithm isn't skipped over.</p>
7971:
1.159 mike 7972: <p>The <var title="">common ancestor</var> is the <code><a href="semantics.html#the-body-element-0">body</a></code>
1.1 mike 7973: element. A conceptual "bookmark" marks the position of the
7974: <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-b-element">b</a></code> in the <a href="#list-of-active-formatting-elements">list of active formatting
7975: elements</a>, but since that list has only one element in it,
7976: it won't have much effect.</p>
7977:
7978: <p>As the algorithm progresses, <var title="">node</var> ends up set
7979: to the formatting element (<code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-b-element">b</a></code>), and <var title="">last
7980: node</var> ends up set to the <var title="">furthest block</var>
7981: (<code><a href="semantics.html#the-p-element">p</a></code>).</p>
7982:
7983: <p>The <var title="">last node</var> gets appended (moved) to the
7984: <var title="">common ancestor</var>, so that the DOM looks like:</p>
7985:
1.159 mike 7986: <ul class="domTree"><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element-0">html</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-head-element-0">head</a></code></li><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-body-element-0">body</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-b-element">b</a></code><ul><li class="t3"><code>#text</code>: <span title="">1</span></li></ul></li><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-p-element">p</a></code><ul><li class="t3"><code>#text</code>: <span title="">2</span></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul><p>A new <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-b-element">b</a></code> element is created, and the children of the
1.1 mike 7987: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-p-element">p</a></code> element are moved to it:</p>
7988:
1.159 mike 7989: <ul class="domTree"><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element-0">html</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-head-element-0">head</a></code></li><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-body-element-0">body</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-b-element">b</a></code><ul><li class="t3"><code>#text</code>: <span title="">1</span></li></ul></li><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-p-element">p</a></code></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul><ul class="domTree"><li class="t1"><code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-b-element">b</a></code><ul><li class="t3"><code>#text</code>: <span title="">2</span></li></ul></li></ul><p>Finally, the new <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-b-element">b</a></code> element is appended to the
1.1 mike 7990: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-p-element">p</a></code> element, so that the DOM looks like:</p>
7991:
1.159 mike 7992: <ul class="domTree"><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element-0">html</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-head-element-0">head</a></code></li><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-body-element-0">body</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-b-element">b</a></code><ul><li class="t3"><code>#text</code>: <span title="">1</span></li></ul></li><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-p-element">p</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-b-element">b</a></code><ul><li class="t3"><code>#text</code>: <span title="">2</span></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul><p>The <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-b-element">b</a></code> element is removed from the <a href="#list-of-active-formatting-elements">list of
1.1 mike 7993: active formatting elements</a> and the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open
7994: elements</a>, so that when the "3" is parsed, it is appended to
7995: the <code><a href="semantics.html#the-p-element">p</a></code> element:</p>
7996:
1.159 mike 7997: <ul class="domTree"><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element-0">html</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-head-element-0">head</a></code></li><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-body-element-0">body</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-b-element">b</a></code><ul><li class="t3"><code>#text</code>: <span title="">1</span></li></ul></li><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-p-element">p</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-b-element">b</a></code><ul><li class="t3"><code>#text</code>: <span title="">2</span></li></ul></li><li class="t3"><code>#text</code>: <span title="">3</span></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul><h5 id="unexpected-markup-in-tables"><span class="secno">9.2.8.3 </span>Unexpected markup in tables</h5>
1.1 mike 7998:
7999: <p><i>This section is non-normative.</i></p>
8000:
8001: <p>Error handling in tables is, for historical reasons, especially
8002: strange. For example, consider the following markup:</p>
8003:
8004: <pre><table><strong><b></strong><tr><td>aaa</td></tr><strong>bbb</strong></table>ccc</pre>
8005:
8006: <p>The highlighted <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-b-element">b</a></code> element start tag is not allowed
8007: directly inside a table like that, and the parser handles this case
8008: by placing the element <em>before</em> the table. (This is called <i title="foster parent"><a href="#foster-parent">foster parenting</a></i>.) This can be seen by
8009: examining the DOM tree as it stands just after the
8010: <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-table-element">table</a></code> element's start tag has been seen:</p>
8011:
1.159 mike 8012: <ul class="domTree"><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element-0">html</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-head-element-0">head</a></code></li><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-body-element-0">body</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-table-element">table</a></code></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul><p>...and then immediately after the <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-b-element">b</a></code> element start
1.1 mike 8013: tag has been seen:</p>
8014:
1.159 mike 8015: <ul class="domTree"><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element-0">html</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-head-element-0">head</a></code></li><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-body-element-0">body</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-b-element">b</a></code></li><li class="t1"><code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-table-element">table</a></code></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul><p>At this point, the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> has on it
8016: the elements <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element-0">html</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-body-element-0">body</a></code>,
1.1 mike 8017: <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-table-element">table</a></code>, and <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-b-element">b</a></code> (in that order, despite the
8018: resulting DOM tree); the <a href="#list-of-active-formatting-elements">list of active formatting
8019: elements</a> just has the <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-b-element">b</a></code> element in it; and the
8020: <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> is "<a href="#parsing-main-intable" title="insertion mode: in
8021: table">in table</a>".</p>
8022:
8023: <p>The <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tr-element">tr</a></code> start tag causes the <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-b-element">b</a></code> element
8024: to be popped off the stack and a <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tbody-element">tbody</a></code> start tag to be
8025: implied; the <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tbody-element">tbody</a></code> and <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tr-element">tr</a></code> elements are
8026: then handled in a rather straight-forward manner, taking the parser
8027: through the "<a href="#parsing-main-intbody" title="insertion mode: in table body">in table
8028: body</a>" and "<a href="#parsing-main-intr" title="insertion mode: in row">in
8029: row</a>" insertion modes, after which the DOM looks as
8030: follows:</p>
8031:
1.159 mike 8032: <ul class="domTree"><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element-0">html</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-head-element-0">head</a></code></li><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-body-element-0">body</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-b-element">b</a></code></li><li class="t1"><code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-table-element">table</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tbody-element">tbody</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tr-element">tr</a></code></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul><p>Here, the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> has on it the
8033: elements <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element-0">html</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-body-element-0">body</a></code>, <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-table-element">table</a></code>,
1.1 mike 8034: <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tbody-element">tbody</a></code>, and <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tr-element">tr</a></code>; the <a href="#list-of-active-formatting-elements">list of active
8035: formatting elements</a> still has the <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-b-element">b</a></code> element in
8036: it; and the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> is "<a href="#parsing-main-intr" title="insertion
8037: mode: in row">in row</a>".</p>
8038:
8039: <p>The <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-td-element">td</a></code> element start tag token, after putting a
8040: <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-td-element">td</a></code> element on the tree, puts a marker on the <a href="#list-of-active-formatting-elements">list
8041: of active formatting elements</a> (it also switches to the "<a href="#parsing-main-intd" title="insertion mode: in cell">in cell</a>" <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion
8042: mode</a>).</p>
8043:
1.159 mike 8044: <ul class="domTree"><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element-0">html</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-head-element-0">head</a></code></li><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-body-element-0">body</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-b-element">b</a></code></li><li class="t1"><code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-table-element">table</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tbody-element">tbody</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tr-element">tr</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-td-element">td</a></code></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul><p>The marker means that when the "aaa" character tokens are seen,
1.1 mike 8045: no <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-b-element">b</a></code> element is created to hold the resulting text
8046: node:</p>
8047:
1.159 mike 8048: <ul class="domTree"><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element-0">html</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-head-element-0">head</a></code></li><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-body-element-0">body</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-b-element">b</a></code></li><li class="t1"><code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-table-element">table</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tbody-element">tbody</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tr-element">tr</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-td-element">td</a></code><ul><li class="t3"><code>#text</code>: <span title="">aaa</span></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul><p>The end tags are handled in a straight-forward manner; after
1.1 mike 8049: handling them, the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> has on it the
1.159 mike 8050: elements <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element-0">html</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-body-element-0">body</a></code>, <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-table-element">table</a></code>,
1.1 mike 8051: and <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tbody-element">tbody</a></code>; the <a href="#list-of-active-formatting-elements">list of active formatting
8052: elements</a> still has the <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-b-element">b</a></code> element in it (the
8053: marker having been removed by the "td" end tag token); and the
8054: <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> is "<a href="#parsing-main-intbody" title="insertion mode: in
8055: table body">in table body</a>".</p>
8056:
8057: <p>Thus it is that the "bbb" character tokens are found. These
8058: trigger the "<a href="#parsing-main-intabletext" title="insertion mode: in table text">in table
8059: text</a>" insertion mode to be used (with the <a href="#original-insertion-mode">original
8060: insertion mode</a> set to "<a href="#parsing-main-intbody" title="insertion mode: in table
8061: body">in table body</a>"). The character tokens are collected,
8062: and when the next token (the <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-table-element">table</a></code> element end tag) is
8063: seen, they are processed as a group. Since they are not all spaces,
8064: they are handled as per the "anything else" rules in the "<a href="#parsing-main-intable" title="insertion mode: in table">in table</a>" insertion mode,
8065: which defer to the "<a href="#parsing-main-inbody" title="insertion mode: in body">in
8066: body</a>" insertion mode but with <a href="#foster-parent" title="foster
8067: parent">foster parenting</a>.</p>
8068:
8069: <p>When <a href="#reconstruct-the-active-formatting-elements" title="reconstruct the active formatting elements">the
8070: active formatting elements are reconstructed</a>, a
8071: <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-b-element">b</a></code> element is created and <a href="#foster-parent" title="foster
8072: parent">foster parented</a>, and then the "bbb" text node is
8073: appended to it:</p>
8074:
1.159 mike 8075: <ul class="domTree"><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element-0">html</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-head-element-0">head</a></code></li><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-body-element-0">body</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-b-element">b</a></code></li><li class="t1"><code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-b-element">b</a></code><ul><li class="t3"><code>#text</code>: <span title="">bbb</span></li></ul></li><li class="t1"><code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-table-element">table</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tbody-element">tbody</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tr-element">tr</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-td-element">td</a></code><ul><li class="t3"><code>#text</code>: <span title="">aaa</span></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul><p>The <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> has on it the elements
8076: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element-0">html</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-body-element-0">body</a></code>, <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-table-element">table</a></code>,
1.1 mike 8077: <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tbody-element">tbody</a></code>, and the new <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-b-element">b</a></code> (again, note that
8078: this doesn't match the resulting tree!); the <a href="#list-of-active-formatting-elements">list of active
8079: formatting elements</a> has the new <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-b-element">b</a></code> element in it;
8080: and the <a href="#insertion-mode">insertion mode</a> is still "<a href="#parsing-main-intbody" title="insertion
8081: mode: in table body">in table body</a>".</p>
8082:
8083: <p>Had the character tokens been only <a href="infrastructure.html#space-character" title="space
8084: character">space characters</a> instead of "bbb", then those
8085: <a href="infrastructure.html#space-character" title="space character">space characters</a> would just be
8086: appended to the <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tbody-element">tbody</a></code> element.</p>
8087:
8088: <p>Finally, the <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-table-element">table</a></code> is closed by a "table" end
8089: tag. This pops all the nodes from the <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open
8090: elements</a> up to and including the <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-table-element">table</a></code> element,
8091: but it doesn't affect the <a href="#list-of-active-formatting-elements">list of active formatting
8092: elements</a>, so the "ccc" character tokens after the table
8093: result in yet another <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-b-element">b</a></code> element being created, this
8094: time after the table:</p>
8095:
1.159 mike 8096: <ul class="domTree"><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element-0">html</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-head-element-0">head</a></code></li><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-body-element-0">body</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-b-element">b</a></code></li><li class="t1"><code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-b-element">b</a></code><ul><li class="t3"><code>#text</code>: <span title="">bbb</span></li></ul></li><li class="t1"><code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-table-element">table</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tbody-element">tbody</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-tr-element">tr</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-td-element">td</a></code><ul><li class="t3"><code>#text</code>: <span title="">aaa</span></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li><li class="t1"><code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-b-element">b</a></code><ul><li class="t3"><code>#text</code>: <span title="">ccc</span></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul><h5 id="scripts-that-modify-the-page-as-it-is-being-parsed"><span class="secno">9.2.8.4 </span>Scripts that modify the page as it is being parsed</h5>
1.1 mike 8097:
8098: <p><i>This section is non-normative.</i></p>
8099:
8100: <p>Consider the following markup, which for this example we will
8101: assume is the document with <a href="infrastructure.html#url">URL</a> <code title="">http://example.com/inner</code>, being rendered as the
1.159 mike 8102: content of an <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-iframe-element">iframe</a></code> in another document with the
1.1 mike 8103: <a href="infrastructure.html#url">URL</a> <code title="">http://example.com/outer</code>:</p>
8104:
8105: <pre><div id=a>
8106: <script>
8107: var div = document.getElementById('a');
8108: parent.document.body.appendChild(div);
8109: </script>
8110: <script>
8111: alert(document.URL);
8112: </script>
8113: </div>
8114: <script>
8115: alert(document.URL);
8116: </script></pre>
8117:
8118: <p>Up to the first "script" end tag, before the script is parsed,
8119: the result is relatively straightforward:</p>
8120:
1.306 mike 8121: <ul class="domTree"><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element-0">html</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-head-element-0">head</a></code></li><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-body-element-0">body</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-div-element">div</a></code> <span class="t2" title=""><code class="attribute name">id</code>="<code class="attribute value"><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-a-element">a</a></code>"</span><ul><li class="t3"><code>#text</code>: <span title="">
8122: </span></li><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#script">script</a></code><ul><li class="t3"><code>#text</code>: <span title="">var div = document.getElementById('a'); ⏎ parent.document.body.appendChild(div);</span></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul><p>After the script is parsed, though, the <code><a href="semantics.html#the-div-element">div</a></code> element
1.1 mike 8123: and its child <code><a href="semantics.html#script">script</a></code> element are gone:</p>
8124:
1.159 mike 8125: <ul class="domTree"><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element-0">html</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-head-element-0">head</a></code></li><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-body-element-0">body</a></code></li></ul></li></ul><p>They are, at this point, in the <code>Document</code> of the
1.1 mike 8126: aforementioned outer <a href="browsers.html#browsing-context">browsing context</a>. However, the
8127: <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> <em>still contains the
1.306 mike 8128: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-div-element">div</a></code> element</em>.</p>
1.1 mike 8129:
8130: <p>Thus, when the second <code><a href="semantics.html#script">script</a></code> element is parsed, it
8131: is inserted <em>into the outer <code>Document</code>
8132: object</em>.</p>
8133:
8134: <p>This also means that the <a href="browsers.html#script-s-global-object">script's global object</a> is
8135: the outer <a href="browsers.html#browsing-context">browsing context</a>'s <code><a href="browsers.html#window">Window</a></code>
8136: object, <em>not</em> the <code><a href="browsers.html#window">Window</a></code> object inside the
1.159 mike 8137: <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-iframe-element">iframe</a></code>.</p>
1.1 mike 8138:
8139: <p class="note">This isn't a security problem since the script that
1.306 mike 8140: moves the <code><a href="semantics.html#the-div-element">div</a></code> into the outer <code>Document</code> can
1.1 mike 8141: only do so because they have the two <code>Document</code> object
1.159 mike 8142: have the same <a href="browsers.html#origin">origin</a>.</p>
1.1 mike 8143:
8144: <p>Thus, the first alert says "http://example.com/outer".</p>
8145:
1.306 mike 8146: <p>Once the <code><a href="semantics.html#the-div-element">div</a></code> element's end tag is parsed, the
8147: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-div-element">div</a></code> element is popped off the stack, and so the next
1.1 mike 8148: <code><a href="semantics.html#script">script</a></code> element is in the inner <code>Document</code>:</p>
8149:
1.159 mike 8150: <ul class="domTree"><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element-0">html</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-head-element-0">head</a></code></li><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#the-body-element-0">body</a></code><ul><li class="t1"><code><a href="semantics.html#script">script</a></code><ul><li class="t3"><code>#text</code>: <span title="">alert(document.URL);</span></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul><p>This second alert will say "http://example.com/inner".</p>
1.1 mike 8151:
8152:
8153:
1.215 mike 8154: <h3 id="namespaces"><span class="secno">9.3 </span>Namespaces</h3>
1.1 mike 8155:
8156: <p>The <dfn id="html-namespace-0">HTML namespace</dfn> is: <code>http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml</code></p>
8157:
8158: <p>The <dfn id="mathml-namespace">MathML namespace</dfn> is: <code>http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML</code></p>
8159:
8160: <p>The <dfn id="svg-namespace">SVG namespace</dfn> is: <code>http://www.w3.org/2000/svg</code></p>
8161:
8162: <p>The <dfn id="xlink-namespace">XLink namespace</dfn> is: <code>http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink</code></p>
8163:
8164: <p>The <dfn id="xml-namespace">XML namespace</dfn> is: <code>http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace</code></p>
8165:
8166: <p>The <dfn id="xmlns-namespace">XMLNS namespace</dfn> is: <code>http://www.w3.org/2000/xmlns/</code></p>
8167:
8168: <hr><p>Data mining tools and other user agents that perform operations
1.83 mike 8169: on <code><a href="iana-considerations.html#text-html">text/html</a></code> content without running scripts,
1.1 mike 8170: evaluating CSS or XPath expressions, or otherwise exposing the
8171: resulting DOM to arbitrary content, may "support namespaces" by just
8172: asserting that their DOM node analogues are in certain namespaces,
8173: without actually exposing the above strings.</p>
8174:
8175:
8176:
8177:
8178: <h3 id="serializing-html-fragments"><span class="secno">9.4 </span>Serializing HTML fragments</h3>
8179:
8180: <p>The following steps form the <dfn id="html-fragment-serialization-algorithm">HTML fragment serialization
8181: algorithm</dfn>. The algorithm takes as input a DOM
8182: <code>Element</code> or <code>Document</code>, referred to as <var title="">the node</var>, and either returns a string or raises an
8183: exception.</p>
8184:
8185: <p class="note">This algorithm serializes the <em>children</em> of
8186: the node being serialized, not the node itself.</p>
8187:
8188: <ol><li><p>Let <var title="">s</var> be a string, and initialize it to
8189: the empty string.</p></li>
8190:
8191: <li>
8192:
8193: <p>For each child node of <var title="">the node</var>, in
8194: <a href="infrastructure.html#tree-order">tree order</a>, run the following steps:
8195:
8196: </p><ol><li><p>Let <var title="">current node</var> be the child node
8197: being processed.</p></li>
8198:
8199: <li>
8200:
8201: <p>Append the appropriate string from the following list to
8202: <var title="">s</var>:</p>
8203:
8204: <dl class="switch"><dt>If <var title="">current node</var> is an <code title="">Element</code></dt>
8205:
8206: <dd>
8207:
1.588 mike 8208: <p>Append a U+003C LESS-THAN SIGN character character (<),
8209: followed by the element's tag name. (For nodes created by the
8210: <a href="#html-parser">HTML parser</a> or <code title="">Document.createElement()</code>, the tag name will be
1.1 mike 8211: lowercase.)</p>
8212:
8213: <p>For each attribute that the element has, append a U+0020
8214: SPACE character, the attribute's name (which, for attributes
8215: set by the <a href="#html-parser">HTML parser</a> or by <code title="">Element.setAttributeNode()</code> or <code title="">Element.setAttribute()</code>, will be lowercase), a
1.588 mike 8216: U+003D EQUALS SIGN character (=), a U+0022 QUOTATION MARK
8217: character ("), the attribute's value, <a href="#escapingString" title="escaping a string">escaped as described below</a> in
8218: <i>attribute mode</i>, and a second U+0022 QUOTATION MARK
8219: character (").</p>
1.1 mike 8220:
8221: <p>While the exact order of attributes is UA-defined, and may
8222: depend on factors such as the order that the attributes were
8223: given in the original markup, the sort order must be stable,
8224: such that consecutive invocations of this algorithm serialize an
8225: element's attributes in the same order.</p>
8226:
1.588 mike 8227: <p>Append a U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN character (>).</p>
1.1 mike 8228:
8229: <p>If <var title="">current node</var> is an
1.5 mike 8230: <code><a href="the-canvas-element.html#the-area-element">area</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-base-element">base</a></code>, <code><a href="obsolete.html#basefont">basefont</a></code>,
1.1 mike 8231: <code>bgsound</code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-br-element">br</a></code>, <code><a href="tabular-data.html#the-col-element">col</a></code>,
1.159 mike 8232: <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-embed-element">embed</a></code>, <code><a href="obsolete.html#frame">frame</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#the-hr-element">hr</a></code>,
8233: <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-img-element">img</a></code>, <code><a href="forms.html#the-input-element">input</a></code>, <code><a href="forms.html#the-keygen-element">keygen</a></code>,
1.589 mike 8234: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-link-element">link</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#meta">meta</a></code>, <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-param-element">param</a></code>, or
8235: <code>wbr</code> element, then continue on to the next child
8236: node at this point.</p> <!-- also, i guess: image and isindex,
8237: but we don't list those because we don't consider those
8238: "elements", more "macros", and thus we should never serialize
8239: them -->
1.1 mike 8240:
8241: <p>If <var title="">current node</var> is a <code><a href="semantics.html#the-pre-element">pre</a></code>,
1.42 mike 8242: <code><a href="forms.html#the-textarea-element">textarea</a></code>, or <code><a href="obsolete.html#listing">listing</a></code> element, append
1.1 mike 8243: a U+000A LINE FEED (LF) character.</p>
8244:
8245: <p>Append the value of running the <a href="#html-fragment-serialization-algorithm">HTML fragment
8246: serialization algorithm</a> on the <var title="">current
8247: node</var> element (thus recursing into this algorithm for
1.588 mike 8248: that element), followed by a U+003C LESS-THAN SIGN character
8249: (<), a U+002F SOLIDUS character (/), the element's tag name
8250: again, and finally a U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN character
8251: (>).</p>
1.1 mike 8252:
8253: </dd>
8254:
8255:
8256: <dt>If <var title="">current node</var> is a <code title="">Text</code> or <code title="">CDATASection</code>
8257: node</dt>
8258:
8259: <dd>
8260:
1.19 mike 8261: <p>If the parent of <var title="">current node</var> is a
1.42 mike 8262: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-style-element">style</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#script">script</a></code>, <code><a href="obsolete.html#xmp">xmp</a></code>,
1.159 mike 8263: <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-iframe-element">iframe</a></code>, <code><a href="obsolete.html#noembed">noembed</a></code>,
1.222 mike 8264: <code><a href="obsolete.html#noframes">noframes</a></code>, or <code><a href="obsolete.html#plaintext">plaintext</a></code> element, or
8265: if the parent of <var title="">current node</var> is
8266: <code><a href="semantics.html#the-noscript-element">noscript</a></code> element and <a href="browsers.html#concept-n-script" title="concept-n-script">scripting is enabled</a> for the
8267: node, then append the value of <var title="">current
8268: node</var>'s <code title="">data</code> IDL attribute
8269: literally.</p>
1.1 mike 8270:
8271: <p>Otherwise, append the value of <var title="">current
1.192 mike 8272: node</var>'s <code title="">data</code> IDL attribute, <a href="#escapingString" title="escaping a string">escaped as described
1.1 mike 8273: below</a>.</p>
8274:
8275: </dd>
8276:
8277:
8278: <dt>If <var title="">current node</var> is a <code title="">Comment</code></dt>
8279:
8280: <dd>
8281:
8282: <p>Append the literal string <code><!--</code> (U+003C
8283: LESS-THAN SIGN, U+0021 EXCLAMATION MARK, U+002D HYPHEN-MINUS,
1.192 mike 8284: U+002D HYPHEN-MINUS), followed by the value of <var title="">current node</var>'s <code title="">data</code> IDL
1.1 mike 8285: attribute, followed by the literal string <code>--></code>
8286: (U+002D HYPHEN-MINUS, U+002D HYPHEN-MINUS, U+003E GREATER-THAN
8287: SIGN).</p>
8288:
8289: </dd>
8290:
8291:
8292: <dt>If <var title="">current node</var> is a <code title="">ProcessingInstruction</code></dt>
8293:
8294: <dd>
8295:
8296: <p>Append the literal string <code><?</code> (U+003C
8297: LESS-THAN SIGN, U+003F QUESTION MARK), followed by the value
1.192 mike 8298: of <var title="">current node</var>'s <code title="">target</code> IDL attribute, followed by a single
8299: U+0020 SPACE character, followed by the value of <var title="">current node</var>'s <code title="">data</code> IDL
1.1 mike 8300: attribute, followed by a single U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN
1.464 mike 8301: character (>).</p>
1.1 mike 8302:
8303: </dd>
8304:
8305:
8306: <dt>If <var title="">current node</var> is a <code title="">DocumentType</code></dt>
8307:
8308: <dd>
8309:
8310: <p>Append the literal string <code><!DOCTYPE</code> (U+003C
8311: LESS-THAN SIGN, U+0021 EXCLAMATION MARK, U+0044 LATIN CAPITAL
8312: LETTER D, U+004F LATIN CAPITAL LETTER O, U+0043 LATIN CAPITAL
8313: LETTER C, U+0054 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER T, U+0059 LATIN CAPITAL
8314: LETTER Y, U+0050 LATIN CAPITAL LETTER P, U+0045 LATIN CAPITAL
8315: LETTER E), followed by a space (U+0020 SPACE), followed by the
1.192 mike 8316: value of <var title="">current node</var>'s <code title="">name</code> IDL attribute, followed by the literal
1.1 mike 8317: string <code>></code> (U+003E GREATER-THAN SIGN).</p>
8318:
8319: </dd>
8320:
8321:
8322: </dl><p>Other node types (e.g. <code title="">Attr</code>) cannot
8323: occur as children of elements. If, despite this, they somehow do
8324: occur, this algorithm must raise an
8325: <code><a href="infrastructure.html#invalid_state_err">INVALID_STATE_ERR</a></code> exception.</p>
8326:
8327: </li>
8328:
8329: </ol></li>
8330:
8331: <li><p>The result of the algorithm is the string <var title="">s</var>.</p></li>
8332:
8333: </ol><p><dfn id="escapingString">Escaping a string</dfn> (for the
8334: purposes of the algorithm above) consists of replacing any
8335: occurrences of the "<code title="">&</code>" character by the
8336: string "<code title="">&amp;</code>", any occurrences of the
8337: U+00A0 NO-BREAK SPACE character by the string "<code title="">&nbsp;</code>", and, if the algorithm was invoked in
8338: the <i>attribute mode</i>, any occurrences of the "<code title="">"</code>" character by the string "<code title="">&quot;</code>", or if it was not, any occurrences of
8339: the "<code title=""><</code>" character by the string "<code title="">&lt;</code>", any occurrences of the "<code title="">></code>" character by the string "<code title="">&gt;</code>".</p>
8340:
8341: <p class="note">Entity reference nodes are <a href="infrastructure.html#entity-references">assumed to be expanded</a> by the user
8342: agent, and are therefore not covered in the algorithm above.</p>
8343:
8344: <p class="note">It is possible that the output of this algorithm, if
8345: parsed with an <a href="#html-parser">HTML parser</a>, will not return the
8346: original tree structure. For instance, if a <code><a href="forms.html#the-textarea-element">textarea</a></code>
8347: element to which a <code title="">Comment</code> node has been
8348: appended is serialized and the output is then reparsed, the comment
8349: will end up being displayed in the text field. Similarly, if, as a
8350: result of DOM manipulation, an element contains a comment that
8351: contains the literal string "<code title="">--></code>", then
8352: when the result of serializing the element is parsed, the comment
8353: will be truncated at that point and the rest of the comment will be
8354: interpreted as markup. More examples would be making a
8355: <code><a href="semantics.html#script">script</a></code> element contain a text node with the text string
8356: "<code></script></code>", or having a <code><a href="semantics.html#the-p-element">p</a></code> element that
8357: contains a <code><a href="semantics.html#the-ul-element">ul</a></code> element (as the <code><a href="semantics.html#the-ul-element">ul</a></code> element's
8358: <a href="#syntax-start-tag" title="syntax-start-tag">start tag</a> would imply the end
8359: tag for the <code><a href="semantics.html#the-p-element">p</a></code>).</p>
8360:
8361:
8362: <h3 id="parsing-html-fragments"><span class="secno">9.5 </span>Parsing HTML fragments</h3>
8363:
8364: <p>The following steps form the <dfn id="html-fragment-parsing-algorithm">HTML fragment parsing
8365: algorithm</dfn>. The algorithm optionally takes as input an
8366: <code>Element</code> node, referred to as the <var title="">context</var> element, which gives the context for the
8367: parser, as well as <var title="">input</var>, a string to parse, and
8368: returns a list of zero or more nodes.</p>
8369:
8370: <p class="note">Parts marked <dfn id="fragment-case">fragment case</dfn> in algorithms
8371: in the parser section are parts that only occur if the parser was
8372: created for the purposes of this algorithm (and with a <var title="">context</var> element). The algorithms have been annotated
8373: with such markings for informational purposes only; such markings
8374: have no normative weight. If it is possible for a condition
8375: described as a <a href="#fragment-case">fragment case</a> to occur even when the
8376: parser wasn't created for the purposes of handling this algorithm,
8377: then that is an error in the specification.</p>
8378:
8379: <ol><li>
8380:
8381: <p>Create a new <code>Document</code> node, and mark it as being
8382: an <a href="dom.html#html-documents" title="HTML documents">HTML document</a>.</p>
8383:
8384: </li>
8385:
8386: <li>
8387:
8388: <p>If there is a <var title="">context</var> element, and the
8389: <code>Document</code> of the <var title="">context</var> element
8390: is in <a href="dom.html#quirks-mode">quirks mode</a>, then let the <code>Document</code>
8391: be in <a href="dom.html#quirks-mode">quirks mode</a>. Otherwise, if there is a <var title="">context</var> element, and the <code>Document</code> of
8392: the <var title="">context</var> element is in <a href="dom.html#limited-quirks-mode">limited quirks
8393: mode</a>, then let the <code>Document</code> be in
8394: <a href="dom.html#limited-quirks-mode">limited quirks mode</a>. Otherwise, leave the
8395: <code>Document</code> in <a href="dom.html#no-quirks-mode">no quirks mode</a>.</p>
8396:
8397: </li>
8398:
8399: <li>
8400:
8401: <p>Create a new <a href="#html-parser">HTML parser</a>, and associate it with
8402: the just created <code>Document</code> node.</p>
8403:
8404: </li>
8405:
8406: <li>
8407:
8408: <p>If there is a <var title="">context</var> element, run these
8409: substeps:</p>
8410:
8411: <ol><li>
8412:
1.541 mike 8413: <p>Set the state of the <a href="#html-parser">HTML parser</a>'s
8414: <a href="#tokenization">tokenization</a> stage as follows:</p>
1.1 mike 8415:
1.159 mike 8416: <dl class="switch"><dt>If it is a <code><a href="semantics.html#the-title-element-0">title</a></code> or <code><a href="forms.html#the-textarea-element">textarea</a></code>
1.1 mike 8417: element</dt>
8418:
1.541 mike 8419: <dd>Switch the tokenizer to the <a href="#rcdata-state">RCDATA state</a>.</dd>
1.1 mike 8420:
8421:
8422: <dt>If it is a <code><a href="semantics.html#the-style-element">style</a></code>, <code><a href="semantics.html#script">script</a></code>,
1.159 mike 8423: <code><a href="obsolete.html#xmp">xmp</a></code>, <code><a href="text-level-semantics.html#the-iframe-element">iframe</a></code>, <code><a href="obsolete.html#noembed">noembed</a></code>, or
1.5 mike 8424: <code><a href="obsolete.html#noframes">noframes</a></code> element</dt>
1.1 mike 8425:
1.541 mike 8426: <dd>Switch the tokenizer to the <a href="#rawtext-state">RAWTEXT state</a>.</dd>
1.1 mike 8427:
8428:
8429: <dt>If it is a <code><a href="semantics.html#the-noscript-element">noscript</a></code> element</dt>
8430:
1.541 mike 8431: <dd>If the <a href="#scripting-flag">scripting flag</a> is enabled, switch the
8432: tokenizer to the <a href="#rawtext-state">RAWTEXT state</a>. Otherwise,
8433: leave the tokenizer in the <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd>
1.1 mike 8434:
8435:
1.42 mike 8436: <dt>If it is a <code><a href="obsolete.html#plaintext">plaintext</a></code> element</dt>
1.1 mike 8437:
1.541 mike 8438: <dd>Switch the tokenizer to the <a href="#plaintext-state">PLAINTEXT
8439: state</a>.</dd>
1.1 mike 8440:
8441:
8442: <dt>Otherwise</dt>
8443:
1.541 mike 8444: <dd>Leave the tokenizer in the <a href="#data-state">data state</a>.</dd>
1.1 mike 8445:
8446: </dl></li>
8447:
8448: <li>
8449:
1.159 mike 8450: <p>Let <var title="">root</var> be a new <code><a href="semantics.html#the-html-element-0">html</a></code> element
1.1 mike 8451: with no attributes.</p>
8452:
8453: </li>
8454:
8455: <li>
8456:
8457: <p>Append the element <var title="">root</var> to the
8458: <code>Document</code> node created above.</p>
8459:
8460: </li>
8461:
8462: <li>
8463:
8464: <p>Set up the parser's <a href="#stack-of-open-elements">stack of open elements</a> so that
8465: it contains just the single element <var title="">root</var>.</p>
8466:
8467: </li>
8468:
8469: <li>
8470:
8471: <p><a href="#reset-the-insertion-mode-appropriately" title="reset the insertion mode appropriately">Reset the
8472: parser's insertion mode appropriately</a>.</p>
8473:
8474: <p class="note">The parser will reference the <var title="">context</var> element as part of that algorithm.</p>
8475:
8476: </li>
8477:
8478: <li>
8479:
8480: <p>Set the parser's <a href="#form-element-pointer"><code>form</code> element pointer</a>
8481: to the nearest node to the <var title="">context</var> element
8482: that is a <code><a href="forms.html#the-form-element">form</a></code> element (going straight up the
8483: ancestor chain, and including the element itself, if it is a
8484: <code><a href="forms.html#the-form-element">form</a></code> element), or, if there is no such
8485: <code><a href="forms.html#the-form-element">form</a></code> element, to null.</p>
8486:
8487: </li>
8488:
8489: </ol></li>
8490:
8491: <li>
8492:
8493: <p>Place into the <a href="#the-input-stream">input stream</a> for the <a href="#html-parser">HTML
8494: parser</a> just created the <var title="">input</var>. The
8495: encoding <a href="#concept-encoding-confidence" title="concept-encoding-confidence">confidence</a> is
8496: <i>irrelevant</i>.</p>
8497:
8498: </li>
8499:
8500: <li>
8501:
8502: <p>Start the parser and let it run until it has consumed all the
8503: characters just inserted into the input stream.</p>
8504:
8505: </li>
8506:
8507: <li>
8508:
8509: <p>If there is a <var title="">context</var> element, return the
8510: child nodes of <var title="">root</var>, in <a href="infrastructure.html#tree-order">tree
8511: order</a>.</p>
8512:
8513: <p>Otherwise, return the children of the <code>Document</code>
8514: object, in <a href="infrastructure.html#tree-order">tree order</a>.</p>
8515:
8516: </li>
8517:
1.123 mike 8518: </ol></div></body></html>
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