Annotation of html5/spec/the-a-element.html, revision 1.78
1.1 mike 1: <!DOCTYPE html>
2: <html lang="en-US-x-Hixie"><head><title>4.6.1 The a element — HTML5</title><style type="text/css">
3: pre { margin-left: 2em; white-space: pre-wrap; }
4: h2 { margin: 3em 0 1em 0; }
5: h3 { margin: 2.5em 0 1em 0; }
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7: h5, h6 { margin: 2.5em 0 1em; }
8: h1 + h2, h1 + h2 + h2 { margin: 0.75em 0 0.75em; }
9: h2 + h3, h3 + h4, h4 + h5, h5 + h6 { margin-top: 0.5em; }
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11: hr:not(.top) { display: block; background: none; border: none; padding: 0; margin: 2em 0; height: auto; }
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14: dt + dt { margin-top: 0; }
15: dd dt { margin-top: 0.25em; margin-bottom: 0; }
16: dd p { margin-top: 0; }
17: dd dl + p { margin-top: 1em; }
18: dd table + p { margin-top: 1em; }
19: p + * > li, dd li { margin: 1em 0; }
20: dt, dfn { font-weight: bold; font-style: normal; }
21: i, em { font-style: italic; }
22: dt dfn { font-style: italic; }
23: pre, code { font-size: inherit; font-family: monospace; font-variant: normal; }
24: pre strong { color: black; font: inherit; font-weight: bold; background: yellow; }
25: pre em { font-weight: bolder; font-style: normal; }
26: @media screen { code { color: orangered; } code :link, code :visited { color: inherit; } }
27: var sub { vertical-align: bottom; font-size: smaller; position: relative; top: 0.1em; }
28: table { border-collapse: collapse; border-style: hidden hidden none hidden; }
29: table thead, table tbody { border-bottom: solid; }
30: table tbody th:first-child { border-left: solid; }
31: table tbody th { text-align: left; }
32: table td, table th { border-left: solid; border-right: solid; border-bottom: solid thin; vertical-align: top; padding: 0.2em; }
33: blockquote { margin: 0 0 0 2em; border: 0; padding: 0; font-style: italic; }
34:
35: .bad, .bad *:not(.XXX) { color: gray; border-color: gray; background: transparent; }
36: .matrix, .matrix td { border: none; text-align: right; }
37: .matrix { margin-left: 2em; }
38: .dice-example { border-collapse: collapse; border-style: hidden solid solid hidden; border-width: thin; margin-left: 3em; }
39: .dice-example caption { width: 30em; font-size: smaller; font-style: italic; padding: 0.75em 0; text-align: left; }
40: .dice-example td, .dice-example th { border: solid thin; width: 1.35em; height: 1.05em; text-align: center; padding: 0; }
41:
42: .toc dfn, h1 dfn, h2 dfn, h3 dfn, h4 dfn, h5 dfn, h6 dfn { font: inherit; }
43: img.extra, p.overview { float: right; }
44: pre.idl { border: solid thin; background: #EEEEEE; color: black; padding: 0.5em 1em; position: relative; }
45: pre.idl :link, pre.idl :visited { color: inherit; background: transparent; }
46: pre.idl::before { content: "IDL"; font: bold small sans-serif; padding: 0.5em; background: white; position: absolute; top: 0; margin: -1px 0 0 -4em; width: 1.5em; border: thin solid; border-radius: 0 0 0 0.5em }
47: pre.css { border: solid thin; background: #FFFFEE; color: black; padding: 0.5em 1em; }
48: pre.css:first-line { color: #AAAA50; }
49: dl.domintro { color: green; margin: 2em 0 2em 2em; padding: 0.5em 1em; border: none; background: #DDFFDD; }
50: hr + dl.domintro, div.impl + dl.domintro { margin-top: 2.5em; margin-bottom: 1.5em; }
51: dl.domintro dt, dl.domintro dt * { color: black; text-decoration: none; }
52: dl.domintro dd { margin: 0.5em 0 1em 2em; padding: 0; }
53: dl.domintro dd p { margin: 0.5em 0; }
54: dl.domintro:before { display: table; margin: -1em -0.5em -0.5em auto; width: auto; content: 'This box is non-normative. Implementation requirements are given below this box.'; color: black; font-style: italic; border: solid 2px; background: white; padding: 0 0.25em; }
55: dl.switch { padding-left: 2em; }
56: dl.switch > dt { text-indent: -1.5em; }
57: dl.switch > dt:before { content: '\21AA'; padding: 0 0.5em 0 0; display: inline-block; width: 1em; text-align: right; line-height: 0.5em; }
58: dl.triple { padding: 0 0 0 1em; }
59: dl.triple dt, dl.triple dd { margin: 0; display: inline }
60: dl.triple dt:after { content: ':'; }
61: dl.triple dd:after { content: '\A'; white-space: pre; }
62: .diff-old { text-decoration: line-through; color: silver; background: transparent; }
63: .diff-chg, .diff-new { text-decoration: underline; color: green; background: transparent; }
64: a .diff-new { border-bottom: 1px blue solid; }
65:
66: h2 { page-break-before: always; }
67: h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6 { page-break-after: avoid; }
68: h1 + h2, hr + h2.no-toc { page-break-before: auto; }
69:
70: p > span:not([title=""]):not([class="XXX"]):not([class="impl"]):not([class="note"]),
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72:
73: div.head { margin: 0 0 1em; padding: 1em 0 0 0; }
74: div.head p { margin: 0; }
75: div.head h1 { margin: 0; }
76: div.head .logo { float: right; margin: 0 1em; }
77: div.head .logo img { border: none } /* remove border from top image */
78: div.head dl { margin: 1em 0; }
79: div.head p.copyright, div.head p.alt { font-size: x-small; font-style: oblique; margin: 0; }
80:
81: body > .toc > li { margin-top: 1em; margin-bottom: 1em; }
82: body > .toc.brief > li { margin-top: 0.35em; margin-bottom: 0.35em; }
83: body > .toc > li > * { margin-bottom: 0.5em; }
84: body > .toc > li > * > li > * { margin-bottom: 0.25em; }
85: .toc, .toc li { list-style: none; }
86:
87: .brief { margin-top: 1em; margin-bottom: 1em; line-height: 1.1; }
88: .brief li { margin: 0; padding: 0; }
89: .brief li p { margin: 0; padding: 0; }
90:
91: .category-list { margin-top: -0.75em; margin-bottom: 1em; line-height: 1.5; }
92: .category-list::before { content: '\21D2\A0'; font-size: 1.2em; font-weight: 900; }
93: .category-list li { display: inline; }
94: .category-list li:not(:last-child)::after { content: ', '; }
95: .category-list li > span, .category-list li > a { text-transform: lowercase; }
96: .category-list li * { text-transform: none; } /* don't affect <code> nested in <a> */
97:
98: .XXX { color: #E50000; background: white; border: solid red; padding: 0.5em; margin: 1em 0; }
99: .XXX > :first-child { margin-top: 0; }
100: p .XXX { line-height: 3em; }
101: .annotation { border: solid thin black; background: #0C479D; color: white; position: relative; margin: 8px 0 20px 0; }
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103: .annotation :link, .annotation :visited { color: inherit; }
104: .annotation :link:hover, .annotation :visited:hover { background: transparent; }
105: .annotation span { border: none ! important; }
106: .note { color: green; background: transparent; font-family: sans-serif; }
107: .warning { color: red; background: transparent; }
108: .note, .warning { font-weight: bolder; font-style: italic; }
109: .note em, .warning em, .note i, .warning i { font-style: normal; }
110: p.note, div.note { padding: 0.5em 2em; }
111: span.note { padding: 0 2em; }
112: .note p:first-child, .warning p:first-child { margin-top: 0; }
113: .note p:last-child, .warning p:last-child { margin-bottom: 0; }
114: .warning:before { font-style: normal; }
115: p.note:before { content: 'Note: '; }
116: p.warning:before { content: '\26A0 Warning! '; }
117:
118: .bookkeeping:before { display: block; content: 'Bookkeeping details'; font-weight: bolder; font-style: italic; }
119: .bookkeeping { font-size: 0.8em; margin: 2em 0; }
120: .bookkeeping p { margin: 0.5em 2em; display: list-item; list-style: square; }
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122: .bookkeeping dd { margin: 0 3em 0.5em; }
123:
124: h4 { position: relative; z-index: 3; }
125: h4 + .element, h4 + div + .element { margin-top: -2.5em; padding-top: 2em; }
126: .element {
127: background: #EEEEFF;
128: color: black;
129: margin: 0 0 1em 0.15em;
130: padding: 0 1em 0.25em 0.75em;
131: border-left: solid #9999FF 0.25em;
132: position: relative;
133: z-index: 1;
134: }
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136: position: absolute;
137: z-index: 2;
138: top: 0;
139: left: -1.15em;
140: height: 2em;
141: width: 0.9em;
142: background: #EEEEFF;
143: content: ' ';
144: border-style: none none solid solid;
145: border-color: #9999FF;
146: border-width: 0.25em;
147: }
148:
149: .example { display: block; color: #222222; background: #FCFCFC; border-left: double; margin-left: 2em; padding-left: 1em; }
150: td > .example:only-child { margin: 0 0 0 0.1em; }
151:
152: ul.domTree, ul.domTree ul { padding: 0 0 0 1em; margin: 0; }
153: ul.domTree li { padding: 0; margin: 0; list-style: none; position: relative; }
154: ul.domTree li li { list-style: none; }
155: ul.domTree li:first-child::before { position: absolute; top: 0; height: 0.6em; left: -0.75em; width: 0.5em; border-style: none none solid solid; content: ''; border-width: 0.1em; }
156: ul.domTree li:not(:last-child)::after { position: absolute; top: 0; bottom: -0.6em; left: -0.75em; width: 0.5em; border-style: none none solid solid; content: ''; border-width: 0.1em; }
157: ul.domTree span { font-style: italic; font-family: serif; }
158: ul.domTree .t1 code { color: purple; font-weight: bold; }
159: ul.domTree .t2 { font-style: normal; font-family: monospace; }
160: ul.domTree .t2 .name { color: black; font-weight: bold; }
161: ul.domTree .t2 .value { color: blue; font-weight: normal; }
162: ul.domTree .t3 code, .domTree .t4 code, .domTree .t5 code { color: gray; }
163: ul.domTree .t7 code, .domTree .t8 code { color: green; }
164: ul.domTree .t10 code { color: teal; }
165:
166: body.dfnEnabled dfn { cursor: pointer; }
167: .dfnPanel {
168: display: inline;
169: position: absolute;
170: z-index: 10;
171: height: auto;
172: width: auto;
173: padding: 0.5em 0.75em;
174: font: small sans-serif, Droid Sans Fallback;
175: background: #DDDDDD;
176: color: black;
177: border: outset 0.2em;
178: }
179: .dfnPanel * { margin: 0; padding: 0; font: inherit; text-indent: 0; }
180: .dfnPanel :link, .dfnPanel :visited { color: black; }
181: .dfnPanel p { font-weight: bolder; }
182: .dfnPanel * + p { margin-top: 0.25em; }
183: .dfnPanel li { list-style-position: inside; }
184:
185: #configUI { position: absolute; z-index: 20; top: 10em; right: 1em; width: 11em; font-size: small; }
186: #configUI p { margin: 0.5em 0; padding: 0.3em; background: #EEEEEE; color: black; border: inset thin; }
187: #configUI p label { display: block; }
188: #configUI #updateUI, #configUI .loginUI { text-align: center; }
189: #configUI input[type=button] { display: block; margin: auto; }
190:
191: fieldset { margin: 1em; padding: 0.5em 1em; }
192: fieldset > legend + * { margin-top: 0; }
193: fieldset > :last-child { margin-bottom: 0; }
194: fieldset p { margin: 0.5em 0; }
195:
196: </style><link href="http://www.w3.org/StyleSheets/TR/W3C-ED" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css"><style type="text/css">
197:
198: .applies thead th > * { display: block; }
199: .applies thead code { display: block; }
200: .applies tbody th { whitespace: nowrap; }
201: .applies td { text-align: center; }
202: .applies .yes { background: yellow; }
203:
204: .matrix, .matrix td { border: hidden; text-align: right; }
205: .matrix { margin-left: 2em; }
206:
207: .dice-example { border-collapse: collapse; border-style: hidden solid solid hidden; border-width: thin; margin-left: 3em; }
208: .dice-example caption { width: 30em; font-size: smaller; font-style: italic; padding: 0.75em 0; text-align: left; }
209: .dice-example td, .dice-example th { border: solid thin; width: 1.35em; height: 1.05em; text-align: center; padding: 0; }
210:
211: td.eg { border-width: thin; text-align: center; }
212:
213: #table-example-1 { border: solid thin; border-collapse: collapse; margin-left: 3em; }
214: #table-example-1 * { font-family: "Essays1743", serif; line-height: 1.01em; }
215: #table-example-1 caption { padding-bottom: 0.5em; }
216: #table-example-1 thead, #table-example-1 tbody { border: none; }
217: #table-example-1 th, #table-example-1 td { border: solid thin; }
218: #table-example-1 th { font-weight: normal; }
219: #table-example-1 td { border-style: none solid; vertical-align: top; }
220: #table-example-1 th { padding: 0.5em; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center; }
221: #table-example-1 tbody tr:first-child td { padding-top: 0.5em; }
222: #table-example-1 tbody tr:last-child td { padding-bottom: 1.5em; }
223: #table-example-1 tbody td:first-child { padding-left: 2.5em; padding-right: 0; width: 9em; }
224: #table-example-1 tbody td:first-child::after { content: leader(". "); }
225: #table-example-1 tbody td { padding-left: 2em; padding-right: 2em; }
226: #table-example-1 tbody td:first-child + td { width: 10em; }
227: #table-example-1 tbody td:first-child + td ~ td { width: 2.5em; }
228: #table-example-1 tbody td:first-child + td + td + td ~ td { width: 1.25em; }
229:
230: .apple-table-examples { border: none; border-collapse: separate; border-spacing: 1.5em 0em; width: 40em; margin-left: 3em; }
231: .apple-table-examples * { font-family: "Times", serif; }
232: .apple-table-examples td, .apple-table-examples th { border: none; white-space: nowrap; padding-top: 0; padding-bottom: 0; }
233: .apple-table-examples tbody th:first-child { border-left: none; width: 100%; }
234: .apple-table-examples thead th:first-child ~ th { font-size: smaller; font-weight: bolder; border-bottom: solid 2px; text-align: center; }
235: .apple-table-examples tbody th::after, .apple-table-examples tfoot th::after { content: leader(". ") }
236: .apple-table-examples tbody th, .apple-table-examples tfoot th { font: inherit; text-align: left; }
237: .apple-table-examples td { text-align: right; vertical-align: top; }
238: .apple-table-examples.e1 tbody tr:last-child td { border-bottom: solid 1px; }
239: .apple-table-examples.e1 tbody + tbody tr:last-child td { border-bottom: double 3px; }
240: .apple-table-examples.e2 th[scope=row] { padding-left: 1em; }
241: .apple-table-examples sup { line-height: 0; }
242:
243: .details-example img { vertical-align: top; }
244:
245: #base64-table {
246: white-space: nowrap;
247: font-size: 0.6em;
248: column-width: 6em;
249: column-count: 5;
250: column-gap: 1em;
251: -moz-column-width: 6em;
252: -moz-column-count: 5;
253: -moz-column-gap: 1em;
254: -webkit-column-width: 6em;
255: -webkit-column-count: 5;
256: -webkit-column-gap: 1em;
257: }
258: #base64-table thead { display: none; }
259: #base64-table * { border: none; }
260: #base64-table tbody td:first-child:after { content: ':'; }
261: #base64-table tbody td:last-child { text-align: right; }
262:
263: #named-character-references-table {
264: white-space: nowrap;
265: font-size: 0.6em;
266: column-width: 30em;
267: column-gap: 1em;
268: -moz-column-width: 30em;
269: -moz-column-gap: 1em;
270: -webkit-column-width: 30em;
271: -webkit-column-gap: 1em;
272: }
273: #named-character-references-table > table > tbody > tr > td:first-child + td,
274: #named-character-references-table > table > tbody > tr > td:last-child { text-align: center; }
275: #named-character-references-table > table > tbody > tr > td:last-child:hover > span { position: absolute; top: auto; left: auto; margin-left: 0.5em; line-height: 1.2; font-size: 5em; border: outset; padding: 0.25em 0.5em; background: white; width: 1.25em; height: auto; text-align: center; }
276: #named-character-references-table > table > tbody > tr#entity-CounterClockwiseContourIntegral > td:first-child { font-size: 0.5em; }
277:
278: .glyph.control { color: red; }
279:
280: @font-face {
281: font-family: 'Essays1743';
282: src: url('http://www.whatwg.org/specs/web-apps/current-work/fonts/Essays1743.ttf');
283: }
284: @font-face {
285: font-family: 'Essays1743';
286: font-weight: bold;
287: src: url('http://www.whatwg.org/specs/web-apps/current-work/fonts/Essays1743-Bold.ttf');
288: }
289: @font-face {
290: font-family: 'Essays1743';
291: font-style: italic;
292: src: url('http://www.whatwg.org/specs/web-apps/current-work/fonts/Essays1743-Italic.ttf');
293: }
294: @font-face {
295: font-family: 'Essays1743';
296: font-style: italic;
297: font-weight: bold;
298: src: url('http://www.whatwg.org/specs/web-apps/current-work/fonts/Essays1743-BoldItalic.ttf');
299: }
300:
301: </style><link href="data:text/css," id="complete" rel="stylesheet" title="Complete specification"><link href="data:text/css,.impl%20%7B%20display:%20none;%20%7D%0Ahtml%20%7B%20border:%20solid%20yellow;%20%7D%20.domintro:before%20%7B%20display:%20none;%20%7D" id="author" rel="alternate stylesheet" title="Author documentation only"><link href="data:text/css,.impl%20%7B%20background:%20%23FFEEEE;%20%7D%20.domintro:before%20%7B%20background:%20%23FFEEEE;%20%7D" id="highlight" rel="alternate stylesheet" title="Highlight implementation requirements"><script type="text/javascript">
302: function getCookie(name) {
303: var params = location.search.substr(1).split("&");
304: for (var index = 0; index < params.length; index++) {
305: if (params[index] == name)
306: return "1";
307: var data = params[index].split("=");
308: if (data[0] == name)
309: return unescape(data[1]);
310: }
311: var cookies = document.cookie.split("; ");
312: for (var index = 0; index < cookies.length; index++) {
313: var data = cookies[index].split("=");
314: if (data[0] == name)
315: return unescape(data[1]);
316: }
317: return null;
318: }
319: </script>
320: <script src="link-fixup.js"></script>
321: <link href="text-level-semantics.html" title="4.6 Text-level semantics" rel="prev">
322: <link href="index.html#contents" title="Table of contents" rel="contents">
323: <link href="the-em-element.html" title="4.6.2 The em element" rel="next">
1.22 mike 324: </head><body onload="fixBrokenLink();" class="split chapter"><div class="head" id="head">
1.1 mike 325: <p><a href="http://www.w3.org/"><img alt="W3C" height="48" src="http://www.w3.org/Icons/w3c_home" width="72"></a></p>
326:
327: <h1>HTML5</h1>
1.78 ! mike 328: <h2 class="no-num no-toc" id="a-vocabulary-and-associated-apis-for-html-and-xhtml">A vocabulary and associated APIs for HTML and XHTML</h2><p>This is revision 1.5600.</p>
1.1 mike 329:
1.78 ! mike 330: <h2 class="no-num no-toc" id="editor-s-draft-29-february-2012">Editor's Draft 29 February 2012</h2>
1.1 mike 331: </div><nav class="prev_next">
332: <a href="text-level-semantics.html">← 4.6 Text-level semantics</a> –
333: <a href="index.html#contents">Table of contents</a> –
334: <a href="the-em-element.html">4.6.2 The em element →</a>
335: </nav>
336:
1.25 mike 337: <h4 id="the-a-element"><span class="secno">4.6.1 </span>The <dfn><code>a</code></dfn> element</h4><dl class="element"><dt><a href="element-definitions.html#element-dfn-categories" title="element-dfn-categories">Categories</a>:</dt>
1.1 mike 338: <dd><a href="content-models.html#flow-content">Flow content</a>.</dd>
339: <dd>When the element only contains <a href="content-models.html#phrasing-content">phrasing content</a>: <a href="content-models.html#phrasing-content">phrasing content</a>.</dd>
340: <dd><a href="content-models.html#interactive-content">Interactive content</a>.</dd>
341: <dd><a href="content-models.html#palpable-content">Palpable content</a>.</dd>
1.25 mike 342: <dt><a href="element-definitions.html#element-dfn-contexts" title="element-dfn-contexts">Contexts in which this element can be used</a>:</dt>
1.1 mike 343: <dd>When the element only contains <a href="content-models.html#phrasing-content">phrasing content</a>: where <a href="content-models.html#phrasing-content">phrasing content</a> is expected.</dd>
344: <dd>Otherwise: where <a href="content-models.html#flow-content">flow content</a> is expected.</dd>
1.25 mike 345: <dt><a href="element-definitions.html#element-dfn-content-model" title="element-dfn-content-model">Content model</a>:</dt>
1.1 mike 346: <dd><a href="content-models.html#transparent">Transparent</a>, but there must be no <a href="content-models.html#interactive-content">interactive content</a> descendant.</dd>
1.25 mike 347: <dt><a href="element-definitions.html#element-dfn-attributes" title="element-dfn-attributes">Content attributes</a>:</dt>
1.1 mike 348: <dd><a href="global-attributes.html#global-attributes">Global attributes</a></dd>
349: <dd><code title="attr-hyperlink-href"><a href="links.html#attr-hyperlink-href">href</a></code></dd>
350: <dd><code title="attr-hyperlink-target"><a href="links.html#attr-hyperlink-target">target</a></code></dd>
351: <dd><code title="attr-hyperlink-rel"><a href="links.html#attr-hyperlink-rel">rel</a></code></dd>
352: <dd><code title="attr-hyperlink-media"><a href="links.html#attr-hyperlink-media">media</a></code></dd>
353: <dd><code title="attr-hyperlink-hreflang"><a href="links.html#attr-hyperlink-hreflang">hreflang</a></code></dd>
354: <dd><code title="attr-hyperlink-type"><a href="links.html#attr-hyperlink-type">type</a></code></dd>
1.25 mike 355: <dt><a href="element-definitions.html#element-dfn-dom" title="element-dfn-dom">DOM interface</a>:</dt>
1.1 mike 356: <dd>
357: <pre class="idl">interface <dfn id="htmlanchorelement">HTMLAnchorElement</dfn> : <a href="elements.html#htmlelement">HTMLElement</a> {
358: stringifier attribute DOMString <a href="#dom-a-href" title="dom-a-href">href</a>;
359: attribute DOMString <a href="#dom-a-target" title="dom-a-target">target</a>;
360: attribute DOMString <a href="#dom-a-rel" title="dom-a-rel">rel</a>;
361: readonly attribute <a href="infrastructure.html#domtokenlist">DOMTokenList</a> <a href="#dom-a-rellist" title="dom-a-relList">relList</a>;
362: attribute DOMString <a href="#dom-a-media" title="dom-a-media">media</a>;
363: attribute DOMString <a href="#dom-a-hreflang" title="dom-a-hreflang">hreflang</a>;
364: attribute DOMString <a href="#dom-a-type" title="dom-a-type">type</a>;
365:
366: attribute DOMString <a href="#dom-a-text" title="dom-a-text">text</a>;
367:
368: // <a href="urls.html#url-decomposition-idl-attributes">URL decomposition IDL attributes</a>
369: attribute DOMString <a href="#dom-a-protocol" title="dom-a-protocol">protocol</a>;
370: attribute DOMString <a href="#dom-a-host" title="dom-a-host">host</a>;
371: attribute DOMString <a href="#dom-a-hostname" title="dom-a-hostname">hostname</a>;
372: attribute DOMString <a href="#dom-a-port" title="dom-a-port">port</a>;
373: attribute DOMString <a href="#dom-a-pathname" title="dom-a-pathname">pathname</a>;
374: attribute DOMString <a href="#dom-a-search" title="dom-a-search">search</a>;
375: attribute DOMString <a href="#dom-a-hash" title="dom-a-hash">hash</a>;
376: };</pre>
377: </dd>
378: </dl><p>If the <code><a href="#the-a-element">a</a></code> element has an <code title="attr-hyperlink-href"><a href="links.html#attr-hyperlink-href">href</a></code> attribute, then it
379: <a href="rendering.html#represents">represents</a> a <a href="links.html#hyperlink">hyperlink</a> (a hypertext
380: anchor).</p><p>If the <code><a href="#the-a-element">a</a></code> element has no <code title="attr-hyperlink-href"><a href="links.html#attr-hyperlink-href">href</a></code> attribute, then the element
381: <a href="rendering.html#represents">represents</a> a placeholder for where a link might
382: otherwise have been placed, if it had been relevant.</p><p>The <code title="attr-hyperlink-target"><a href="links.html#attr-hyperlink-target">target</a></code>,
383: <code title="attr-hyperlink-rel"><a href="links.html#attr-hyperlink-rel">rel</a></code>, <code title="attr-hyperlink-media"><a href="links.html#attr-hyperlink-media">media</a></code>, <code title="attr-hyperlink-hreflang"><a href="links.html#attr-hyperlink-hreflang">hreflang</a></code>, and <code title="attr-hyperlink-type"><a href="links.html#attr-hyperlink-type">type</a></code> attributes must be omitted
384: if the <code title="attr-hyperlink-href"><a href="links.html#attr-hyperlink-href">href</a></code> attribute is
385: not present.</p><div class="example">
386: <p>If a site uses a consistent navigation toolbar on every page,
387: then the link that would normally link to the page itself could be
388: marked up using an <code><a href="#the-a-element">a</a></code> element:</p>
389: <pre><nav>
390: <ul>
391: <li> <a href="/">Home</a> </li>
392: <li> <a href="/news">News</a> </li>
393: <li> <a>Examples</a> </li>
394: <li> <a href="/legal">Legal</a> </li>
395: </ul>
396: </nav></pre>
397: </div><div class="impl">
398:
399: <p>The <code title="attr-hyperlink-href"><a href="links.html#attr-hyperlink-href">href</a></code>,
400: <code title="attr-hyperlink-target"><a href="links.html#attr-hyperlink-target">target</a></code>,
401: attributes affect what happens when users <a href="links.html#following-hyperlinks" title="following
402: hyperlinks">follow hyperlinks</a>
403: created using the <code><a href="#the-a-element">a</a></code> element. The
404: <code title="attr-hyperlink-rel"><a href="links.html#attr-hyperlink-rel">rel</a></code>, <code title="attr-hyperlink-media"><a href="links.html#attr-hyperlink-media">media</a></code>, <code title="attr-hyperlink-hreflang"><a href="links.html#attr-hyperlink-hreflang">hreflang</a></code>, and <code title="attr-hyperlink-type"><a href="links.html#attr-hyperlink-type">type</a></code> attributes may be used to
405: indicate to the user the likely nature of the target resource before
406: the user follows the link.</p>
407:
408: <p>The <a href="content-models.html#activation-behavior">activation behavior</a> of <code><a href="#the-a-element">a</a></code> elements
409: that create <a href="links.html#hyperlink" title="hyperlink">hyperlinks</a> is to run the
410: following steps:</p>
411:
412: <ol><li><p>If the algorithm is not <a href="browsers.html#allowed-to-show-a-pop-up">allowed to show a
413: pop-up</a> and either the <code><a href="#the-a-element">a</a></code>
414: element's <code title="attr-hyperlink-target"><a href="links.html#attr-hyperlink-target">target</a></code>
415: attribute is present and applying <a href="browsers.html#the-rules-for-choosing-a-browsing-context-given-a-browsing-context-name">the rules for choosing a
416: browsing context given a browsing context name</a>, using the
417: value of the <code title="attr-hyperlink-target"><a href="links.html#attr-hyperlink-target">target</a></code>
418: attribute as the browsing context name, would result in there not
419: being a chosen browsing context, then throw an
420: <code><a href="infrastructure.html#invalidaccesserror">InvalidAccessError</a></code> exception and abort these
421: steps.</p></li>
422:
423: <li><p>If the target of the <code title="event-click"><a href="infrastructure.html#event-click">click</a></code>
424: event is an <code><a href="the-img-element.html#the-img-element">img</a></code> element with an <code title="attr-img-ismap"><a href="the-img-element.html#attr-img-ismap">ismap</a></code> attribute specified, then
425: server-side image map processing must be performed, as follows:</p>
426:
427: <ol><li>If the <code title="event-click"><a href="infrastructure.html#event-click">click</a></code> event was a
428: real pointing-device-triggered <code title="event-click"><a href="infrastructure.html#event-click">click</a></code> event on the <code><a href="the-img-element.html#the-img-element">img</a></code>
429: element, then let <var title="">x</var> be the distance in CSS
430: pixels from the left edge of the image's left border, if it has
431: one, or the left edge of the image otherwise, to the location of
432: the click, and let <var title="">y</var> be the distance in CSS
433: pixels from the top edge of the image's top border, if it has
434: one, or the top edge of the image otherwise, to the location of
435: the click. Otherwise, let <var title="">x</var> and <var title="">y</var> be zero.</li>
436:
437: <li>Let the <dfn id="hyperlink-suffix"><var>hyperlink suffix</var></dfn> be a U+003F
438: QUESTION MARK character, the value of <var title="">x</var>
439: expressed as a base-ten integer using ASCII digits, a U+002C
440: COMMA character (,), and the value of <var title="">y</var>
441: expressed as a base-ten integer using ASCII digits. ASCII digits
442: are the characters in the range U+0030 DIGIT ZERO (0) to U+0039
443: DIGIT NINE (9).</li>
444:
445: </ol></li>
446:
447: <li><p>Finally, the user agent must <a href="links.html#following-hyperlinks" title="following
448: hyperlinks">follow the hyperlink</a>
449: created by the <code><a href="#the-a-element">a</a></code> element, as determined by
450: any expressed user preference. If the steps above defined a
451: <var><a href="#hyperlink-suffix">hyperlink suffix</a></var>, then take that into account when
452: following or downloading the hyperlink.</p></li>
453:
454: </ol></div><dl class="domintro"><dt><var title="">a</var> . <code title="dom-a-text"><a href="#dom-a-text">text</a></code></dt>
455:
456: <dd>
457:
458: <p>Same as <code><a href="infrastructure.html#textcontent">textContent</a></code>.</p>
459:
460: </dd>
461:
462: </dl><div class="impl">
463:
464: <p>The IDL attributes
465: <dfn id="dom-a-href" title="dom-a-href"><code>href</code></dfn>,
466: <dfn id="dom-a-target" title="dom-a-target"><code>target</code></dfn>, <dfn id="dom-a-rel" title="dom-a-rel"><code>rel</code></dfn>, <dfn id="dom-a-media" title="dom-a-media"><code>media</code></dfn>, <dfn id="dom-a-hreflang" title="dom-a-hreflang"><code>hreflang</code></dfn>, and <dfn id="dom-a-type" title="dom-a-type"><code>type</code></dfn>, must
467: <a href="common-dom-interfaces.html#reflect">reflect</a> the respective content attributes of the same
468: name.</p>
469:
470: <p>The IDL attribute <dfn id="dom-a-rellist" title="dom-a-rellist"><code>relList</code></dfn> must
471: <a href="common-dom-interfaces.html#reflect">reflect</a> the <code title="attr-hyperlink-rel"><a href="links.html#attr-hyperlink-rel">rel</a></code>
472: content attribute.</p>
473:
474: <p>The <dfn id="dom-a-text" title="dom-a-text"><code>text</code></dfn> IDL
475: attribute, on getting, must return the same value as the
476: <code><a href="infrastructure.html#textcontent">textContent</a></code> IDL attribute on the element, and on
477: setting, must act as if the <code><a href="infrastructure.html#textcontent">textContent</a></code> IDL attribute
478: on the element had been set to the new value.</p>
479:
480: <p>The <code><a href="#the-a-element">a</a></code> element also supports the complement of
481: <a href="urls.html#url-decomposition-idl-attributes">URL decomposition IDL attributes</a>, <dfn id="dom-a-protocol" title="dom-a-protocol"><code>protocol</code></dfn>, <dfn id="dom-a-host" title="dom-a-host"><code>host</code></dfn>, <dfn id="dom-a-port" title="dom-a-port"><code>port</code></dfn>, <dfn id="dom-a-hostname" title="dom-a-hostname"><code>hostname</code></dfn>, <dfn id="dom-a-pathname" title="dom-a-pathname"><code>pathname</code></dfn>, <dfn id="dom-a-search" title="dom-a-search"><code>search</code></dfn>, and <dfn id="dom-a-hash" title="dom-a-hash"><code>hash</code></dfn>. These must follow the
482: rules given for <a href="urls.html#url-decomposition-idl-attributes">URL decomposition IDL attributes</a>, with
483: the <a href="urls.html#concept-uda-input" title="concept-uda-input">input</a> being the result of
484: <a href="urls.html#resolve-a-url" title="resolve a url">resolving</a> the element's <code title="attr-hyperlink-href"><a href="links.html#attr-hyperlink-href">href</a></code> attribute relative to the
485: element, if there is such an attribute and resolving it is
486: successful, or the empty string otherwise; and the <a href="urls.html#concept-uda-setter" title="concept-uda-setter">common setter action</a> being the
487: same as setting the element's <code title="attr-hyperlink-href"><a href="links.html#attr-hyperlink-href">href</a></code> attribute to the new output
488: value.</p>
489:
490: </div><div class="example">
491:
492: <p>The <code><a href="#the-a-element">a</a></code> element may be wrapped around entire
493: paragraphs, lists, tables, and so forth, even entire sections, so
494: long as there is no interactive content within (e.g. buttons or
495: other links). This example shows how this can be used to make an
496: entire advertising block into a link:</p>
497:
498: <pre><aside class="advertising">
499: <h1>Advertising</h1>
500: <a href="http://ad.example.com/?adid=1929&amp;pubid=1422">
501: <section>
502: <h1>Mellblomatic 9000!</h1>
503: <p>Turn all your widgets into mellbloms!</p>
504: <p>Only $9.99 plus shipping and handling.</p>
505: </section>
506: </a>
507: <a href="http://ad.example.com/?adid=375&amp;pubid=1422">
508: <section>
509: <h1>The Mellblom Browser</h1>
510: <p>Web browsing at the speed of light.</p>
511: <p>No other browser goes faster!</p>
512: </section>
513: </a>
514: </aside></pre>
515:
516: </div></body></html>
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