Annotation of html5/spec/the-select-element.html, revision 1.215
1.204 sruby 1: <!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en-US-x-Hixie"><meta charset="utf-8"><title>4.10.9 The select element — HTML5</title><style type="text/css">
1.200 sruby 2:
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29: #table-example-1 tbody td:first-child::after { content: leader(". "); }
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1.206 sruby 87: src: url('fonts/Essays1743.ttf');
1.200 sruby 88: }
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1.206 sruby 92: src: url('fonts/Essays1743-Bold.ttf');
1.200 sruby 93: }
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1.206 sruby 97: src: url('fonts/Essays1743-Italic.ttf');
1.200 sruby 98: }
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1.206 sruby 103: src: url('fonts/Essays1743-BoldItalic.ttf');
1.200 sruby 104: }
105:
1.204 sruby 106: </style><link href="data:text/css," id="complete" rel="stylesheet" title="Complete specification"><link href="data:text/css,.impl%20{%20display:%20none;%20}%0Ahtml%20{%20border:%20solid%20yellow;%20}%20.domintro:before%20{%20display:%20none;%20}" id="author" rel="alternate stylesheet" title="Author documentation only"><link href="data:text/css,.impl%20{%20background:%20%23FFEEEE;%20}%20.domintro:before%20{%20background:%20%23FFEEEE;%20}" id="highlight" rel="alternate stylesheet" title="Highlight implementation requirements"><style type="text/css">
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169:
1.180 sruby 170: figure.diagrams { border: double black; background: white; padding: 1em; }
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172:
1.1 mike 173: h2 { page-break-before: always; }
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1.1 mike 179:
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272:
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297:
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300: fieldset > :last-child { margin-bottom: 0; }
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302:
1.207 sruby 303: </style><link href="http://www.w3.org/StyleSheets/TR/W3C-ED" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css"><script>
1.1 mike 304: function getCookie(name) {
305: var params = location.search.substr(1).split("&");
306: for (var index = 0; index < params.length; index++) {
307: if (params[index] == name)
308: return "1";
309: var data = params[index].split("=");
310: if (data[0] == name)
311: return unescape(data[1]);
312: }
313: var cookies = document.cookie.split("; ");
314: for (var index = 0; index < cookies.length; index++) {
315: var data = cookies[index].split("=");
316: if (data[0] == name)
317: return unescape(data[1]);
318: }
319: return null;
320: }
1.204 sruby 321: </script><link href="the-button-element.html" rel="prev" title="4.10.8 The button element">
322: <link href="index.html#contents" rel="contents" title="Table of contents">
323: <link href="the-datalist-element.html" rel="next" title="4.10.10 The datalist element">
324: <body class="split chapter" onload="fixBrokenLink();"><div class="head" id="head">
1.1 mike 325: <p><a href="http://www.w3.org/"><img alt="W3C" height="48" src="http://www.w3.org/Icons/w3c_home" width="72"></a></p>
326:
327: <h1>HTML5</h1>
1.197 sruby 328: <h2 class="no-num no-toc" id="a-vocabulary-and-associated-apis-for-html-and-xhtml">A vocabulary and associated APIs for HTML and XHTML</h2>
1.215 ! sruby 329: <h2 class="no-num no-toc" id="editor's-draft-date-1-january-1970">Editor's Draft 21 November 2012</h2>
1.85 mike 330: </div>
1.200 sruby 331:
332:
1.204 sruby 333: <nav class="prev_next">
334: <a href="the-button-element.html">← 4.10.8 The button element</a> –
335: <a href="index.html#contents">Table of contents</a> –
336: <a href="the-datalist-element.html">4.10.10 The datalist element →</a>
337: </nav>
1.1 mike 338:
1.85 mike 339: <h4 id="the-select-element"><span class="secno">4.10.9 </span>The <dfn><code>select</code></dfn> element</h4>
340:
341: <dl class="element"><dt><a href="element-definitions.html#element-dfn-categories" title="element-dfn-categories">Categories</a>:</dt>
1.159 sruby 342: <dd><a href="content-models.html#flow-content-1">Flow content</a>.</dd>
343: <dd><a href="content-models.html#phrasing-content-1">Phrasing content</a>.</dd>
344: <dd><a href="content-models.html#interactive-content-0">Interactive content</a>.</dd>
1.1 mike 345: <dd><a href="forms.html#category-listed" title="category-listed">Listed</a>, <a href="forms.html#category-label" title="category-label">labelable</a>, <a href="forms.html#category-submit" title="category-submit">submittable</a>, and <a href="forms.html#category-reset" title="category-reset">resettable</a> <a href="forms.html#form-associated-element">form-associated element</a>.</dd>
1.159 sruby 346: <dd><a href="content-models.html#palpable-content-0">Palpable content</a>.</dd>
1.25 mike 347: <dt><a href="element-definitions.html#element-dfn-contexts" title="element-dfn-contexts">Contexts in which this element can be used</a>:</dt>
1.159 sruby 348: <dd>Where <a href="content-models.html#phrasing-content-1">phrasing content</a> is expected.</dd>
1.25 mike 349: <dt><a href="element-definitions.html#element-dfn-content-model" title="element-dfn-content-model">Content model</a>:</dt>
1.1 mike 350: <dd>Zero or more <code><a href="the-option-element.html#the-option-element">option</a></code> or <code><a href="the-optgroup-element.html#the-optgroup-element">optgroup</a></code> elements.</dd>
1.25 mike 351: <dt><a href="element-definitions.html#element-dfn-attributes" title="element-dfn-attributes">Content attributes</a>:</dt>
1.1 mike 352: <dd><a href="global-attributes.html#global-attributes">Global attributes</a></dd>
353: <dd><code title="attr-fe-autofocus"><a href="attributes-common-to-form-controls.html#attr-fe-autofocus">autofocus</a></code></dd>
354: <dd><code title="attr-fe-disabled"><a href="attributes-common-to-form-controls.html#attr-fe-disabled">disabled</a></code></dd>
355: <dd><code title="attr-fae-form"><a href="association-of-controls-and-forms.html#attr-fae-form">form</a></code></dd>
356: <dd><code title="attr-select-multiple"><a href="#attr-select-multiple">multiple</a></code></dd>
357: <dd><code title="attr-fe-name"><a href="attributes-common-to-form-controls.html#attr-fe-name">name</a></code></dd>
358: <dd><code title="attr-select-required"><a href="#attr-select-required">required</a></code></dd>
359: <dd><code title="attr-select-size"><a href="#attr-select-size">size</a></code></dd>
1.159 sruby 360: <dt><a href="element-definitions.html#element-dfn-dom" title="element-dfn-dom">DOM interface</a>:</dt><!--TOPIC:DOM APIs-->
1.1 mike 361: <dd>
362: <pre class="idl">interface <dfn id="htmlselectelement">HTMLSelectElement</dfn> : <a href="elements.html#htmlelement">HTMLElement</a> {
363: attribute boolean <a href="attributes-common-to-form-controls.html#dom-fe-autofocus" title="dom-fe-autofocus">autofocus</a>;
364: attribute boolean <a href="attributes-common-to-form-controls.html#dom-fe-disabled" title="dom-fe-disabled">disabled</a>;
365: readonly attribute <a href="the-form-element.html#htmlformelement">HTMLFormElement</a>? <a href="association-of-controls-and-forms.html#dom-fae-form" title="dom-fae-form">form</a>;
366: attribute boolean <a href="#dom-select-multiple" title="dom-select-multiple">multiple</a>;
367: attribute DOMString <a href="attributes-common-to-form-controls.html#dom-fe-name" title="dom-fe-name">name</a>;
368: attribute boolean <a href="#dom-select-required" title="dom-select-required">required</a>;
369: attribute unsigned long <a href="#dom-select-size" title="dom-select-size">size</a>;
370:
371: readonly attribute DOMString <a href="#dom-select-type" title="dom-select-type">type</a>;
372:
1.159 sruby 373: readonly attribute <a href="common-dom-interfaces.html#htmloptionscollection-0">HTMLOptionsCollection</a> <a href="#dom-select-options" title="dom-select-options">options</a>;
1.1 mike 374: attribute unsigned long <a href="#dom-select-length" title="dom-select-length">length</a>;
375: getter <a href="infrastructure.html#element">Element</a> <a href="#dom-select-item" title="dom-select-item">item</a>(unsigned long index);
376: object <a href="#dom-select-nameditem" title="dom-select-namedItem">namedItem</a>(DOMString name);
1.74 mike 377: void <a href="#dom-select-add" title="dom-select-add">add</a>((<a href="the-option-element.html#htmloptionelement">HTMLOptionElement</a> or <a href="the-optgroup-element.html#htmloptgroupelement">HTMLOptGroupElement</a>) element, optional (<a href="elements.html#htmlelement">HTMLElement</a> or long)? before = null);
1.1 mike 378: void <a href="#dom-select-remove" title="dom-select-remove">remove</a>(long index);
1.183 sruby 379: <a href="common-dom-interfaces.html#dom-htmloptionscollection-setter" title="dom-HTMLOptionsCollection-setter">setter creator</a> void (unsigned long index, <a href="the-option-element.html#htmloptionelement">HTMLOptionElement</a>? option);
1.1 mike 380:
381: readonly attribute <a href="infrastructure.html#htmlcollection">HTMLCollection</a> <a href="#dom-select-selectedoptions" title="dom-select-selectedOptions">selectedOptions</a>;
382: attribute long <a href="#dom-select-selectedindex" title="dom-select-selectedIndex">selectedIndex</a>;
383: attribute DOMString <a href="#dom-select-value" title="dom-select-value">value</a>;
384:
1.205 sruby 385: readonly attribute boolean <a href="constraints.html#dom-cva-willvalidate" title="dom-cva-willValidate">willValidate</a>;
386: readonly attribute <a href="constraints.html#validitystate">ValidityState</a> <a href="constraints.html#dom-cva-validity" title="dom-cva-validity">validity</a>;
387: readonly attribute DOMString <a href="constraints.html#dom-cva-validationmessage" title="dom-cva-validationMessage">validationMessage</a>;
388: boolean <a href="constraints.html#dom-cva-checkvalidity" title="dom-cva-checkValidity">checkValidity</a>();
389: void <a href="constraints.html#dom-cva-setcustomvalidity" title="dom-cva-setCustomValidity">setCustomValidity</a>(DOMString error);
1.1 mike 390:
391: readonly attribute <a href="infrastructure.html#nodelist">NodeList</a> <a href="the-label-element.html#dom-lfe-labels" title="dom-lfe-labels">labels</a>;
392: };</pre>
393: </dd>
1.159 sruby 394: </dl><!--TOPIC:HTML--><!-- Proposals for v2:
395: * <select value=""> as an alternative to <option selected>
396: http://developers.slashdot.org/comments.pl?sid=426306&cid=22142072
397: <Philip`> http://www.ipiao.com.cn/ does <select size="1" name="to"><script>City_Default="PEK"</script><SCRIPT language=javascript
398: src="/js/flightcity.js"></SCRIPT></select> which is the kind of thing that could be much simpler with <select value="PEK">
399: --><p>The <code><a href="#the-select-element">select</a></code> element represents a control for
1.85 mike 400: selecting amongst a set of options.</p>
401:
402: <p>The <dfn id="attr-select-multiple" title="attr-select-multiple"><code>multiple</code></dfn>
1.1 mike 403: attribute is a <a href="common-microsyntaxes.html#boolean-attribute">boolean attribute</a>. If the attribute is
404: present, then the <code><a href="#the-select-element">select</a></code> element
1.205 sruby 405: <a href="rendering.html#represents">represents</a> a control for selecting zero or more options
1.1 mike 406: from the <a href="#concept-select-option-list" title="concept-select-option-list">list of
407: options</a>. If the attribute is absent, then the
1.205 sruby 408: <code><a href="#the-select-element">select</a></code> element <a href="rendering.html#represents">represents</a> a control for
1.85 mike 409: selecting a single option from the <a href="#concept-select-option-list" title="concept-select-option-list">list of options</a>.</p>
410:
411: <p>The <dfn id="attr-select-size" title="attr-select-size"><code>size</code></dfn>
1.1 mike 412: attribute gives the number of options to show to the user. The <code title="attr-select-size"><a href="#attr-select-size">size</a></code> attribute, if specified, must
413: have a value that is a <a href="common-microsyntaxes.html#valid-non-negative-integer">valid non-negative integer</a>
1.85 mike 414: greater than zero.</p>
415:
416: <div class="impl">
1.1 mike 417:
418: <p>The <dfn id="concept-select-size" title="concept-select-size">display size</dfn> of a
419: <code><a href="#the-select-element">select</a></code> element is the result of applying the
420: <a href="common-microsyntaxes.html#rules-for-parsing-non-negative-integers">rules for parsing non-negative integers</a> to the value of
421: element's <code title="attr-select-size"><a href="#attr-select-size">size</a></code> attribute, if
422: it has one and parsing it is successful. If applying those rules to
423: the attribute's value is not successful, or if the <code title="attr-select-size"><a href="#attr-select-size">size</a></code> attribute is absent, then the
424: element's <a href="#concept-select-size" title="concept-select-size">display size</a> is 4
425: if the element's <code title="attr-select-multiple"><a href="#attr-select-multiple">multiple</a></code>
426: content attribute is present, and 1 otherwise.</p>
427:
1.85 mike 428: </div>
429:
430: <p>The <dfn id="concept-select-option-list" title="concept-select-option-list">list of options</dfn>
1.1 mike 431: for a <code><a href="#the-select-element">select</a></code> element consists of all the
432: <code><a href="the-option-element.html#the-option-element">option</a></code> element children of the <code><a href="#the-select-element">select</a></code>
433: element, and all the <code><a href="the-option-element.html#the-option-element">option</a></code> element children of all the
434: <code><a href="the-optgroup-element.html#the-optgroup-element">optgroup</a></code> element children of the <code><a href="#the-select-element">select</a></code>
1.85 mike 435: element, in <a href="infrastructure.html#tree-order">tree order</a>.</p>
436:
437: <p>The <dfn id="attr-select-required" title="attr-select-required"><code>required</code></dfn>
1.1 mike 438: attribute is a <a href="common-microsyntaxes.html#boolean-attribute">boolean attribute</a>. When specified, the
439: user will be required to select a value before submitting the
1.85 mike 440: form.</p>
441:
442: <p>If a <code><a href="#the-select-element">select</a></code> element has a <code title="attr-select-required"><a href="#attr-select-required">required</a></code> attribute specified,
1.1 mike 443: does not have a <code title="attr-select-multiple"><a href="#attr-select-multiple">multiple</a></code>
444: attribute specified, and has a <a href="#concept-select-size" title="concept-select-size">display size</a> of 1;
445: and if the <a href="the-option-element.html#concept-option-value" title="concept-option-value">value</a> of the
446: first <code><a href="the-option-element.html#the-option-element">option</a></code> element in the <code><a href="#the-select-element">select</a></code>
447: element's <a href="#concept-select-option-list" title="concept-select-option-list">list of
448: options</a> (if any) is the empty string, and that
449: <code><a href="the-option-element.html#the-option-element">option</a></code> element's parent node is the <code><a href="#the-select-element">select</a></code>
450: element (and not an <code><a href="the-optgroup-element.html#the-optgroup-element">optgroup</a></code> element), then that
451: <code><a href="the-option-element.html#the-option-element">option</a></code> is the <code><a href="#the-select-element">select</a></code> element's
1.85 mike 452: <dfn id="placeholder-label-option">placeholder label option</dfn>.</p>
453:
454: <p>If a <code><a href="#the-select-element">select</a></code> element has a <code title="attr-select-required"><a href="#attr-select-required">required</a></code> attribute specified,
1.1 mike 455: does not have a <code title="attr-select-multiple"><a href="#attr-select-multiple">multiple</a></code>
456: attribute specified, and has a <a href="#concept-select-size" title="concept-select-size">display size</a> of 1,
457: then the <code><a href="#the-select-element">select</a></code> element must have a <a href="#placeholder-label-option">placeholder
1.85 mike 458: label option</a>.</p>
459:
460: <div class="impl">
1.1 mike 461:
462: <p><strong>Constraint validation</strong>: If the element has its
463: <code title="attr-select-required"><a href="#attr-select-required">required</a></code> attribute
464: specified, and either none of the <code><a href="the-option-element.html#the-option-element">option</a></code> elements in
465: the <code><a href="#the-select-element">select</a></code> element's <a href="#concept-select-option-list" title="concept-select-option-list">list of options</a> have their
466: <a href="the-option-element.html#concept-option-selectedness" title="concept-option-selectedness">selectedness</a> set to
467: true, or the only <code><a href="the-option-element.html#the-option-element">option</a></code> element in the
468: <code><a href="#the-select-element">select</a></code> element's <a href="#concept-select-option-list" title="concept-select-option-list">list of options</a> with its
469: <a href="the-option-element.html#concept-option-selectedness" title="concept-option-selectedness">selectedness</a> set to
470: true is the <a href="#placeholder-label-option">placeholder label option</a>, then the element
1.205 sruby 471: is <a href="constraints.html#suffering-from-being-missing">suffering from being missing</a>.</p>
1.1 mike 472:
1.85 mike 473: </div>
474:
475: <div class="impl">
1.1 mike 476:
477: <p>If the <code title="attr-select-multiple"><a href="#attr-select-multiple">multiple</a></code>
478: attribute is absent, and the element is not <a href="attributes-common-to-form-controls.html#concept-fe-disabled" title="concept-fe-disabled">disabled</a>, then the user agent
479: should allow the user to pick an <code><a href="the-option-element.html#the-option-element">option</a></code> element in its
480: <a href="#concept-select-option-list" title="concept-select-option-list">list of options</a> that
481: is itself not <a href="the-option-element.html#concept-option-disabled" title="concept-option-disabled">disabled</a>.
482: Upon this <code><a href="the-option-element.html#the-option-element">option</a></code> element being <dfn id="concept-select-pick" title="concept-select-pick">picked</dfn> (either through a click, or
483: through unfocusing the element after changing its value, or through
1.205 sruby 484: a <a href="commands.html#using-the-option-element-to-define-a-command" title="option-command">menu command</a>, or through any
1.1 mike 485: other mechanism), and before the relevant user interaction event
1.159 sruby 486: <!-- interaction event spec point --> is queued (e.g. before the
1.1 mike 487: <code title="event-click"><a href="infrastructure.html#event-click">click</a></code> event), the user agent must
488: set the <a href="the-option-element.html#concept-option-selectedness" title="concept-option-selectedness">selectedness</a> of the
1.205 sruby 489: picked <code><a href="the-option-element.html#the-option-element">option</a></code> element to true and then <a href="webappapis.html#queue-a-task">queue a
490: task</a> to <a href="webappapis.html#fire-a-simple-event">fire a simple event</a> that bubbles named
1.1 mike 491: <code title="event-change">change</code> at the <code><a href="#the-select-element">select</a></code>
1.205 sruby 492: element, using the <a href="webappapis.html#user-interaction-task-source">user interaction task source</a> as the
1.1 mike 493: task source.</p>
494:
495: <p>If the <code title="attr-select-multiple"><a href="#attr-select-multiple">multiple</a></code>
496: attribute is absent, whenever an <code><a href="the-option-element.html#the-option-element">option</a></code> element in the
497: <code><a href="#the-select-element">select</a></code> element's <a href="#concept-select-option-list" title="concept-select-option-list">list of options</a> has its
498: <a href="the-option-element.html#concept-option-selectedness" title="concept-option-selectedness">selectedness</a> set to
499: true, and whenever an <code><a href="the-option-element.html#the-option-element">option</a></code> element with its <a href="the-option-element.html#concept-option-selectedness" title="concept-option-selectedness">selectedness</a> set to true
500: is added to the <code><a href="#the-select-element">select</a></code> element's <a href="#concept-select-option-list" title="concept-select-option-list">list of options</a>, the user
501: agent must set the <a href="the-option-element.html#concept-option-selectedness" title="concept-option-selectedness">selectedness</a> of all the
502: other <code><a href="the-option-element.html#the-option-element">option</a></code> element in its <a href="#concept-select-option-list" title="concept-select-option-list">list of options</a> to
503: false.</p>
504:
505: <p>If the <code title="attr-select-multiple"><a href="#attr-select-multiple">multiple</a></code>
506: attribute is absent and the element's <a href="#concept-select-size" title="concept-select-size">display size</a> is greater than 1,
507: then the user agent should also allow the user to request that the
508: <code><a href="the-option-element.html#the-option-element">option</a></code> whose <a href="the-option-element.html#concept-option-selectedness" title="concept-option-selectedness">selectedness</a> is true, if
509: any, be unselected. Upon this request being conveyed to the user
1.159 sruby 510: agent, and before the relevant user interaction event <!--
511: interaction event spec point --> is queued (e.g. before the <code title="event-click"><a href="infrastructure.html#event-click">click</a></code> event), the user agent must set the
1.1 mike 512: <a href="the-option-element.html#concept-option-selectedness" title="concept-option-selectedness">selectedness</a> of
1.205 sruby 513: that <code><a href="the-option-element.html#the-option-element">option</a></code> element to false and then <a href="webappapis.html#queue-a-task">queue a
514: task</a> to <a href="webappapis.html#fire-a-simple-event">fire a simple event</a> that bubbles named
1.1 mike 515: <code title="event-change">change</code> at the <code><a href="#the-select-element">select</a></code>
1.205 sruby 516: element, using the <a href="webappapis.html#user-interaction-task-source">user interaction task source</a> as the
1.1 mike 517: task source.</p>
518:
519: <p>If the <code title="attr-select-multiple"><a href="#attr-select-multiple">multiple</a></code>
520: attribute is absent and the element's <a href="#concept-select-size" title="concept-select-size">display size</a> is 1, then whenever
521: there are no <code><a href="the-option-element.html#the-option-element">option</a></code> elements in the <code><a href="#the-select-element">select</a></code>
522: element's <a href="#concept-select-option-list" title="concept-select-option-list">list of
523: options</a> that have their <a href="the-option-element.html#concept-option-selectedness" title="concept-option-selectedness">selectedness</a> set to true,
524: the user agent must set the <a href="the-option-element.html#concept-option-selectedness" title="concept-option-selectedness">selectedness</a> of the first
525: <code><a href="the-option-element.html#the-option-element">option</a></code> element in the <a href="#concept-select-option-list" title="concept-select-option-list">list of options</a> in
526: <a href="infrastructure.html#tree-order">tree order</a> that is not <a href="the-option-element.html#concept-option-disabled" title="concept-option-disabled">disabled</a>, if any, to
527: true.</p>
528:
529: <p>If the <code title="attr-select-multiple"><a href="#attr-select-multiple">multiple</a></code>
530: attribute is present, and the element is not <a href="attributes-common-to-form-controls.html#concept-fe-disabled" title="concept-fe-disabled">disabled</a>, then the user agent
531: should allow the user to <dfn id="concept-select-toggle" title="concept-select-toggle">toggle</dfn> the <a href="the-option-element.html#concept-option-selectedness" title="concept-option-selectedness">selectedness</a> of the
532: <code><a href="the-option-element.html#the-option-element">option</a></code> elements in its <a href="#concept-select-option-list" title="concept-select-option-list">list of options</a> that are
533: themselves not <a href="the-option-element.html#concept-option-disabled" title="concept-option-disabled">disabled</a>
1.205 sruby 534: (either through a click, or through a <a href="commands.html#using-the-option-element-to-define-a-command" title="option-command">menu command</a>, or any other mechanism).
1.1 mike 535: Upon the <a href="the-option-element.html#concept-option-selectedness" title="concept-option-selectedness">selectedness</a> of one or
536: more <code><a href="the-option-element.html#the-option-element">option</a></code> elements being changed by the user, and
1.159 sruby 537: before the relevant user interaction event <!-- interaction event
538: spec point --> is queued (e.g. before a related <code title="event-click"><a href="infrastructure.html#event-click">click</a></code> event), the user agent must
1.205 sruby 539: <a href="webappapis.html#queue-a-task">queue a task</a> to <a href="webappapis.html#fire-a-simple-event">fire a simple event</a> that
1.1 mike 540: bubbles named <code title="event-change">change</code> at the
1.205 sruby 541: <code><a href="#the-select-element">select</a></code> element, using the <a href="webappapis.html#user-interaction-task-source">user interaction task
1.1 mike 542: source</a> as the task source.</p>
543:
1.205 sruby 544: <p>The <a href="constraints.html#concept-form-reset-control" title="concept-form-reset-control">reset
1.1 mike 545: algorithm</a> for <code><a href="#the-select-element">select</a></code> elements is to go through
546: all the <code><a href="the-option-element.html#the-option-element">option</a></code> elements in the element's <a href="#concept-select-option-list" title="concept-select-option-list">list of options</a>, and set
547: their <a href="the-option-element.html#concept-option-selectedness" title="concept-option-selectedness">selectedness</a>
548: to true if the <code><a href="the-option-element.html#the-option-element">option</a></code> element has a <code title="attr-option-selected"><a href="the-option-element.html#attr-option-selected">selected</a></code> attribute, and false
549: otherwise.</p>
550:
1.85 mike 551: </div>
552:
553: <p>The <code title="attr-fae-form"><a href="association-of-controls-and-forms.html#attr-fae-form">form</a></code> attribute is used to
1.1 mike 554: explicitly associate the <code><a href="#the-select-element">select</a></code> element with its
555: <a href="association-of-controls-and-forms.html#form-owner">form owner</a>. The <code title="attr-fe-name"><a href="attributes-common-to-form-controls.html#attr-fe-name">name</a></code>
556: attribute represents the element's name. The <code title="attr-fe-disabled"><a href="attributes-common-to-form-controls.html#attr-fe-disabled">disabled</a></code> attribute is used to make
557: the control non-interactive and to prevent its value from being
558: submitted. The <code title="attr-fe-autofocus"><a href="attributes-common-to-form-controls.html#attr-fe-autofocus">autofocus</a></code>
1.85 mike 559: attribute controls focus.</p>
560:
1.159 sruby 561: <!--TOPIC:DOM APIs-->
1.85 mike 562: <dl class="domintro"><dt><var title="">select</var> . <code title="dom-select-type"><a href="#dom-select-type">type</a></code></dt>
1.1 mike 563:
564: <dd>
565:
566: <p>Returns "<code title="">select-multiple</code>" if the element
567: has a <code title="attr-select-multiple"><a href="#attr-select-multiple">multiple</a></code>
568: attribute, and "<code title="">select-one</code>"
569: otherwise.</p>
570:
571: </dd>
572:
573: <dt><var title="">select</var> . <code title="dom-select-options"><a href="#dom-select-options">options</a></code></dt>
574:
575: <dd>
576:
1.159 sruby 577: <p>Returns an <code><a href="common-dom-interfaces.html#htmloptionscollection-0">HTMLOptionsCollection</a></code> of the <a href="#concept-select-option-list" title="concept-select-option-list">list of options</a>.</p>
1.1 mike 578:
579: </dd>
580:
581: <dt><var title="">select</var> . <code title="dom-select-length"><a href="#dom-select-length">length</a></code> [ = <var title="">value</var> ]</dt>
582: <dd>
583: <p>Returns the number of elements in the <a href="#concept-select-option-list" title="concept-select-option-list">list of options</a>.</p>
584: <p>When set to a smaller number, truncates the number of <code><a href="the-option-element.html#the-option-element">option</a></code> elements in the <code><a href="#the-select-element">select</a></code>.</p>
585: <p>When set to a greater number, adds new blank <code><a href="the-option-element.html#the-option-element">option</a></code> elements to the <code><a href="#the-select-element">select</a></code>.</p>
586: </dd>
587:
588: <dt><var title="">element</var> = <var title="">select</var> . <code title="dom-select-item"><a href="#dom-select-item">item</a></code>(<var title="">index</var>)</dt>
589: <dt><var title="">select</var>[<var title="">index</var>]</dt>
590: <dd>
591: <p>Returns the item with index <var title="">index</var> from the <a href="#concept-select-option-list" title="concept-select-option-list">list of options</a>. The items are sorted in <a href="infrastructure.html#tree-order">tree order</a>.</p>
592: </dd>
593:
594: <dt><var title="">element</var> = <var title="">select</var> . <code title="dom-select-item"><a href="#dom-select-item">namedItem</a></code>(<var title="">name</var>)</dt>
595: <dd>
1.205 sruby 596: <p>Returns the item with <a href="infrastructure.html#concept-id" title="concept-id">ID</a> or <code title="attr-option-name"><a href="obsolete.html#attr-option-name">name</a></code> <var title="">name</var> from the <a href="#concept-select-option-list" title="concept-select-option-list">list of options</a>.</p>
1.1 mike 597: <p>If there are multiple matching items, then a <code><a href="infrastructure.html#nodelist">NodeList</a></code> object containing all those elements is returned.</p>
598: <p>Returns null if no element with that <a href="infrastructure.html#concept-id" title="concept-id">ID</a> could be found.</p>
599: </dd>
600:
601: <dt><var title="">select</var> . <code title="dom-select-add"><a href="#dom-select-add">add</a></code>(<var title="">element</var> [, <var title="">before</var> ])</dt>
602: <dd>
603: <p>Inserts <var title="">element</var> before the node given by <var title="">before</var>.</p>
604: <p>The <var title="">before</var> argument can be a number, in
605: which case <var title="">element</var> is inserted before the item
606: with that number, or an element from the <a href="#concept-select-option-list" title="concept-select-option-list">list of options</a>, in
607: which case <var title="">element</var> is inserted before that
608: element.</p>
609: <p>If <var title="">before</var> is omitted, null, or a number out
610: of range, then <var title="">element</var> will be added at the
611: end of the list.</p>
612: <p>This method will throw a <code><a href="infrastructure.html#hierarchyrequesterror">HierarchyRequestError</a></code>
613: exception if <var title="">element</var> is an ancestor of the
614: element into which it is to be inserted.</p>
615: </dd>
616:
617: <dt><var title="">select</var> . <code title="dom-select-selectedOptions"><a href="#dom-select-selectedoptions">selectedOptions</a></code></dt>
618:
619: <dd>
620:
621: <p>Returns an <code><a href="infrastructure.html#htmlcollection">HTMLCollection</a></code> of the <a href="#concept-select-option-list" title="concept-select-option-list">list of options</a> that are
622: selected.</p>
623:
624: </dd>
625:
626: <dt><var title="">select</var> . <code title="dom-select-selectedIndex"><a href="#dom-select-selectedindex">selectedIndex</a></code> [ = <var title="">value</var> ]</dt>
627:
628: <dd>
629:
630: <p>Returns the index of the first selected item, if any, or
1.204 sruby 631: −1 if there is no selected item.</p>
1.1 mike 632:
633: <p>Can be set, to change the selection.</p>
634:
635: </dd>
636:
637: <dt><var title="">select</var> . <code title="dom-select-value"><a href="#dom-select-value">value</a></code> [ = <var title="">value</var> ]</dt>
638:
639: <dd>
640:
641: <p>Returns the <a href="attributes-common-to-form-controls.html#concept-fe-value" title="concept-fe-value">value</a> of the
642: first selected item, if any, or the empty string if there is no
643: selected item.</p>
644:
645: <p>Can be set, to change the selection.</p>
646:
647: </dd>
648:
649: </dl><div class="impl">
650:
651: <p>The <dfn id="dom-select-type" title="dom-select-type"><code>type</code></dfn> IDL
652: attribute, on getting, must return the string "<code title="">select-one</code>" if the <code title="attr-select-multiple"><a href="#attr-select-multiple">multiple</a></code> attribute is absent,
653: and the string "<code title="">select-multiple</code>" if the <code title="attr-select-multiple"><a href="#attr-select-multiple">multiple</a></code> attribute is
654: present.</p>
655:
656: <p>The <dfn id="dom-select-options" title="dom-select-options"><code>options</code></dfn>
1.159 sruby 657: IDL attribute must return an <code><a href="common-dom-interfaces.html#htmloptionscollection-0">HTMLOptionsCollection</a></code>
1.1 mike 658: rooted at the <code><a href="#the-select-element">select</a></code> node, whose filter matches the
659: elements in the <a href="#concept-select-option-list" title="concept-select-option-list">list of
660: options</a>.</p>
661:
662: <p>The <code title="dom-select-options"><a href="#dom-select-options">options</a></code> collection is
663: also mirrored on the <code><a href="#htmlselectelement">HTMLSelectElement</a></code> object. The
664: <a href="infrastructure.html#supported-property-indices">supported property indices</a> at any instant are the
665: indices supported by the object returned by the <code title="dom-select-options"><a href="#dom-select-options">options</a></code> attribute at that
666: instant.</p>
667:
668: <p>The <dfn id="dom-select-length" title="dom-select-length"><code>length</code></dfn> IDL
669: attribute must return the number of nodes <a href="infrastructure.html#represented-by-the-collection" title="represented
670: by the collection">represented</a> by the <code title="dom-select-options"><a href="#dom-select-options">options</a></code> collection. On setting, it
671: must act like the attribute of the same name on the <code title="dom-select-options"><a href="#dom-select-options">options</a></code> collection.</p>
672:
673: <p>The <dfn id="dom-select-item" title="dom-select-item"><code>item(<var title="">index</var>)</code></dfn> method must return the value
674: returned by the method of the same name on the <code title="dom-select-options"><a href="#dom-select-options">options</a></code> collection, when invoked
675: with the same argument.</p>
676:
677: <p>The <dfn id="dom-select-nameditem" title="dom-select-namedItem"><code>namedItem(<var title="">name</var>)</code></dfn> method must return the value
678: returned by the method of the same name on the <code title="dom-select-options"><a href="#dom-select-options">options</a></code> collection, when invoked
679: with the same argument.</p>
680:
681: <p>When the user agent is to <dfn id="dom-htmlselectelement-setter" title="dom-HTMLSelectElement-setter">set the value of a new indexed
682: property</dfn> for a given property index <var title="">index</var>
683: to a new value <var title="">value</var>, it must instead <a href="common-dom-interfaces.html#dom-htmloptionscollection-setter" title="dom-HTMLOptionsCollection-setter">set the value of a new
684: indexed property</a> with the given property index <var title="">index</var> to the new value <var title="">value</var> on the
685: <code title="dom-select-options"><a href="#dom-select-options">options</a></code> collection.</p>
686:
687: <p>Similarly, the <dfn id="dom-select-add" title="dom-select-add"><code>add()</code></dfn> and <dfn id="dom-select-remove" title="dom-select-remove"><code>remove()</code></dfn> methods must
688: act like their namesake methods on that same <code title="dom-select-options"><a href="#dom-select-options">options</a></code> collection.</p>
689:
690: <p>The <dfn id="dom-select-selectedoptions" title="dom-select-selectedOptions"><code>selectedOptions</code></dfn>
691: IDL attribute must return an <code><a href="infrastructure.html#htmlcollection">HTMLCollection</a></code> rooted at
692: the <code><a href="#the-select-element">select</a></code> node, whose filter matches the elements in
693: the <a href="#concept-select-option-list" title="concept-select-option-list">list of options</a>
694: that have their <a href="the-option-element.html#concept-option-selectedness" title="concept-option-selectedness">selectedness</a> set to
695: true.</p>
696:
697: <p>The <dfn id="dom-select-selectedindex" title="dom-select-selectedIndex"><code>selectedIndex</code></dfn>
698: IDL attribute, on getting, must return the <a href="the-option-element.html#concept-option-index" title="concept-option-index">index</a> of the first
699: <code><a href="the-option-element.html#the-option-element">option</a></code> element in the <a href="#concept-select-option-list" title="concept-select-option-list">list of options</a> in
700: <a href="infrastructure.html#tree-order">tree order</a> that has its <a href="the-option-element.html#concept-option-selectedness" title="concept-option-selectedness">selectedness</a> set to true,
1.204 sruby 701: if any. If there isn't one, then it must return −1.</p>
1.1 mike 702:
703: <p>On setting, the <code title="dom-select-selectedIndex"><a href="#dom-select-selectedindex">selectedIndex</a></code> attribute must
704: set the <a href="the-option-element.html#concept-option-selectedness" title="concept-option-selectedness">selectedness</a> of all the
705: <code><a href="the-option-element.html#the-option-element">option</a></code> elements in the <a href="#concept-select-option-list" title="concept-select-option-list">list of options</a> to false,
706: and then the <code><a href="the-option-element.html#the-option-element">option</a></code> element in the <a href="#concept-select-option-list" title="concept-select-option-list">list of options</a> whose
707: <a href="the-option-element.html#concept-option-index" title="concept-option-index">index</a> is the given new
708: value, if any, must have its <a href="the-option-element.html#concept-option-selectedness" title="concept-option-selectedness">selectedness</a> set to
709: true.</p>
710:
711: <p>The <dfn id="dom-select-value" title="dom-select-value"><code>value</code></dfn> IDL
712: attribute, on getting, must return the <a href="the-option-element.html#concept-option-value" title="concept-option-value">value</a> of the first
713: <code><a href="the-option-element.html#the-option-element">option</a></code> element in the <a href="#concept-select-option-list" title="concept-select-option-list">list of options</a> in
714: <a href="infrastructure.html#tree-order">tree order</a> that has its <a href="the-option-element.html#concept-option-selectedness" title="concept-option-selectedness">selectedness</a> set to true,
715: if any. If there isn't one, then it must return the empty
716: string.</p>
717:
718: <p>On setting, the <code title="dom-select-value"><a href="#dom-select-value">value</a></code>
719: attribute must set the <a href="the-option-element.html#concept-option-selectedness" title="concept-option-selectedness">selectedness</a> of all the
720: <code><a href="the-option-element.html#the-option-element">option</a></code> elements in the <a href="#concept-select-option-list" title="concept-select-option-list">list of options</a> to false,
721: and then the first <code><a href="the-option-element.html#the-option-element">option</a></code> element in the <a href="#concept-select-option-list" title="concept-select-option-list">list of options</a>, in
722: <a href="infrastructure.html#tree-order">tree order</a>, whose <a href="the-option-element.html#concept-option-value" title="concept-option-value">value</a> is equal to the given new
723: value, if any, must have its <a href="the-option-element.html#concept-option-selectedness" title="concept-option-selectedness">selectedness</a> set to
724: true.</p>
725:
726: <p>The <dfn id="dom-select-multiple" title="dom-select-multiple"><code>multiple</code></dfn>,
727: <dfn id="dom-select-required" title="dom-select-required"><code>required</code></dfn>, and
728: <dfn id="dom-select-size" title="dom-select-size"><code>size</code></dfn> IDL attributes
729: must <a href="common-dom-interfaces.html#reflect">reflect</a> the respective content attributes of the
730: same name. The <code title="dom-select-size"><a href="#dom-select-size">size</a></code> IDL
1.159 sruby 731: attribute has a default value of zero.</p> <!-- see bug 12288 for
732: compat reasons why .size allows zero (it's not limited to values
733: greater than zero) even though that value really makes no sense -->
1.4 mike 734:
1.1 mike 735: <p class="note">For historical reasons, the default value of the
736: <code title="dom-select-size"><a href="#dom-select-size">size</a></code> IDL attribute does not
737: return the actual size used, which, in the absence of the <code title="attr-select-size"><a href="#attr-select-size">size</a></code> content attribute, is either 1
738: or 4 depending on the presence of the <code title="attr-select-multiple"><a href="#attr-select-multiple">multiple</a></code> attribute.</p>
739:
1.205 sruby 740: <p>The <code title="dom-cva-willValidate"><a href="constraints.html#dom-cva-willvalidate">willValidate</a></code>, <code title="dom-cva-validity"><a href="constraints.html#dom-cva-validity">validity</a></code>, and <code title="dom-cva-validationMessage"><a href="constraints.html#dom-cva-validationmessage">validationMessage</a></code> IDL
741: attributes, and the <code title="dom-cva-checkValidity"><a href="constraints.html#dom-cva-checkvalidity">checkValidity()</a></code> and <code title="dom-cva-setCustomValidity"><a href="constraints.html#dom-cva-setcustomvalidity">setCustomValidity()</a></code>
742: methods, are part of the <a href="constraints.html#the-constraint-validation-api">constraint validation API</a>. The
1.188 sruby 743: <code title="dom-lfe-labels"><a href="the-label-element.html#dom-lfe-labels">labels</a></code> IDL attribute provides a
744: list of the element's <code><a href="the-label-element.html#the-label-element">label</a></code>s. The <code title="dom-fe-autofocus"><a href="attributes-common-to-form-controls.html#dom-fe-autofocus">autofocus</a></code>, <code title="dom-fe-disabled"><a href="attributes-common-to-form-controls.html#dom-fe-disabled">disabled</a></code>, <code title="dom-fae-form"><a href="association-of-controls-and-forms.html#dom-fae-form">form</a></code>, and <code title="dom-fe-name"><a href="attributes-common-to-form-controls.html#dom-fe-name">name</a></code> IDL attributes are part of the
1.1 mike 745: element's forms API.</p>
746:
1.85 mike 747: </div>
1.159 sruby 748: <!--TOPIC:HTML-->
1.85 mike 749:
750: <div class="example">
1.1 mike 751:
752: <p>The following example shows how a <code><a href="#the-select-element">select</a></code> element
753: can be used to offer the user with a set of options from which the
754: user can select a single option. The default option is
755: preselected.</p>
756:
757: <pre><p>
758: <label for="unittype">Select unit type:</label>
759: <select id="unittype" name="unittype">
760: <option value="1"> Miner </option>
761: <option value="2"> Puffer </option>
762: <option value="3" selected> Snipey </option>
763: <option value="4"> Max </option>
764: <option value="5"> Firebot </option>
765: </select>
766: </p></pre>
767:
768: <p>When there is no default option, a placeholder can be used
769: instead:</p>
770:
771: <pre><select name="unittype" <strong>required</strong>>
772: <strong><option value=""> Select unit type </option></strong>
773: <option value="1"> Miner </option>
774: <option value="2"> Puffer </option>
775: <option value="3"> Snipey </option>
776: <option value="4"> Max </option>
777: <option value="5"> Firebot </option>
778: </select></pre>
779:
1.85 mike 780: </div>
781:
782: <div class="example">
1.1 mike 783:
784: <p>Here, the user is offered a set of options from which he can
785: select any number. By default, all five options are selected.</p>
786:
787: <pre><p>
788: <label for="allowedunits">Select unit types to enable on this map:</label>
789: <select id="allowedunits" name="allowedunits" multiple>
790: <option value="1" selected> Miner </option>
791: <option value="2" selected> Puffer </option>
792: <option value="3" selected> Snipey </option>
793: <option value="4" selected> Max </option>
794: <option value="5" selected> Firebot </option>
795: </select>
796: </p></pre>
797:
1.85 mike 798: </div>
799:
800: <div class="example">
1.1 mike 801:
802: <p>Sometimes, a user has to select one or more items. This example
803: shows such an interface.</p>
804:
805: <pre><p>Select the songs from that you would like on your Act II Mix Tape:</p>
806: <select multiple required name="act2">
807: <option value="s1">It Sucks to Be Me (Reprise)
808: <option value="s2">There is Life Outside Your Apartment
809: <option value="s3">The More You Ruv Someone
810: <option value="s4">Schadenfreude
811: <option value="s5">I Wish I Could Go Back to College
812: <option value="s6">The Money Song
813: <option value="s7">School for Monsters
814: <option value="s8">The Money Song (Reprise)
815: <option value="s9">There's a Fine, Fine Line (Reprise)
816: <option value="s10">What Do You Do With a B.A. in English? (Reprise)
817: <option value="s11">For Now
818: </select></pre>
819:
1.85 mike 820: </div>
821:
822:
823:
1.204 sruby 824:
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