How to pivot a dataframe in R?
This recipe helps you pivot a dataframe in R
Recipe Objective
One of the major data manipulation operation is to compute cross tabulations of measuremens by categories. Excel has a new feature of pivot tables.
In this recipe, we will learn how to pivot a dataframe. There are two ways to pivot a table/dataframe using tidyverse package: ​
- pivot_wider() function (i.e to expand the columns to summarise the data well where each row corresponds to the unique factor levels from a column)
- pivot_longer() function (i.e to shrink the columns such that rows are increased to summarise the data well)
We will use the pivot_wider() function to explain this task ​
Table of Contents
STEP 1: Loading the packages and dataset
# for data manipulation
library(tidyverse)
long_data = read.csv("R_329_wide_data.csv")
attach(long_data)
glimpse(long_data)
Rows: 16
Columns: 3
$ ï..Area Mumbai, Mumbai, Mumbai, Mumbai, Kolkata, Kolkata, Kolkata, ...
$ Quarter Q1_2012, Q2_2012, Q3_2012, Q4_2012, Q1_2012, Q2_2012, Q3_20...
$ Sales 150, 116, 150, 125, 116, 125, 116, 150, 125, 116, 125, 116,...
STEP 2: Pivoting the table
We use pivot_wider() function to carry out the task.
Syntax: pivot_wider(df, id_cols = , names_from = , values_from = )
where:
- df = dataframe
- id_cols = identifier columns not to pivot
- names_from = column to pivot into new column
- values_from = column with measurement values
pivot_wide_data = pivot_wider(long_data, id_cols = ï..Area, names_from = Quarter, values_from = Sales)
pivot_wide_data
Area Q1_2012 Q2_2012 Q3_2012 Q4_2012
Mumbai 150 116 150 125
Kolkata 116 125 116 150
Delhi 125 116 125 116
Chennai 116 150 116 116
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