ECE307-9
Bode Diagram-2
Z. Aliyazicioglu
Electrical and Computer Engineering Department
Cal Poly Pomona
Bode Diagram
Dode Diagrams for Complex poles and zeros
Bode diagram consists of two separate plots
The amplitude of H(j) varies with frequency
The phase angle of H(j) varies with frequency
Transfer function H(s) contains complex poles
H (s ) =
K
s 2 + as + b
The conjugate pair into a single quadratic term
H (s ) =
K
(s + j )(s + + j )
Writing quadratic term in more convenient form
(s + )2 + 2 = s 2 + 2 s + 2 + 2
n2 = 2 + 2 n is the corner frequency
of quadratic term
= s 2 + 2 ns + n2
n =
is the damping coefficient
of quadratic term
ECE 307-9 2
Bode Diagram
=
Bode Diagrams for Complex poles and zeros
<1 the roots are complex. So assume that <1
H(s) is given
H (s ) =
Replace s with j
s + 2ns +
2
H ( j ) =
H ( j ) =
In polar form
2
n
H (s ) =
n2
s
s
1 + + 2
n
n
K0
K0 =
1 + j 2
n
n
n2
n
1 = tan (
)
1
n
K0
1
1 + j 2
n
n
AdB = 20log10 K0 20log10 1 + j 2
n
n
( ) = 1
ECE 307-9 3
Bode Diagram
Amplitude Plots
The amplitude of value of
20log10 1 + j 2
n
n
20log10 1 + j 2
0 when 0
n
n
2
20log10 1 + j 2
40log10
n
n
n
when
Results
The approximate amplitude plot consists of two straight lines
1. Straight line lies along the 0 dB when < n
2. Straight Line has a slope 40dB/decade when < n
ECE 307-9 4
Bode Diagram
2
20log 1 + j 2
n
n
Straight-Line Amplitude Plots
= 0.1
>> w=0.1:0.01:1000;
>> x=1./((1(w/10).^2)+j*2*0.1*(w/10));
>> a=20*log10(abs(x));
>> semilogx(w,a)
>> grid on
>> hold on
>> x=1./((1(w/10).^2)+j*2*0.3*(w/10));
>> a=20*log10(abs(x));
>> semilogx(w,a, g')
>> x=1./((1(w/10).^2)+j*2*0.707*(w/10));
>> a=20*log10(abs(x));
>> semilogx(w,a,c')
>> xlabel ('\omega')
>> ylabel ('theta(\omega)')
>> ylabel ('\theta(\omega)')
= 0.3
= 0.707
ECE 307-9 5
Bode Diagram
Straight-Line Amplitude Plots
p
p = n 1 2 2
AdB ( p ) = 10log10 4 2 (1 2 2 )
0
0 = n 2(1 2 2 ) = 2 p
AdB (n ) = 20log10 2
ECE 307-9 6
Bode Diagram
Straight-Line Phase Angle Plots
H ( j ) =
K0
2
1 + j 2
1
n
n
n
( ) = 1 = tan (
)
1
n
2
The phase angle of Complex poles and zeros has three straight
lines approximation
1. The phase angle zero at zero frequency 0
2. - 90 degree at the corner frequency n
3. -180 degree close the large frequency
ECE 307-9 7
Straight-Line Phase Angle Plots
= 0.1
= 0.707
= 0.3
>> w=1:0.01:100;
>> x=1./((1(w/10).^2)+j*2*0.1*(w/10));
>> degree=180*angle(x)/pi;
>> semilogx(w,degree)
>> grid on
>> hold on
>> x=1./((1(w/10).^2)+j*2*0.3*(w/10));
>> degree=180*angle(x)/pi;
>> semilogx(w,degree, 'r')
>> x=1./((1(w/10).^2)+j*2*0.707*(w/10)
);
>> degree=180*angle(x)/pi;
>> semilogx(w,degree, 'g')
>> xlabel ('\omega')
>> ylabel ('theta(\omega)')
>> ylabel
('\theta(\omega)')
ECE 307-9 8
Bode Diagram
Example
1
L1
50m
1Vac
0Vdc
Find Ko
Bode Plot
Damping coefficient
Amplitude value of p, 0, and n
R1
V1
C1
8m
Vi
Vo
H (s ) =
1
2500
LC
= 2
R
1
s
20
s + 2500
+
2
s + s+
L
LC
H ( j ) =
K0
H ( j ) =
1 + j 2
n
n
n2 = 2500
=
2 n
20
= 0.20
100
1
2
1 + j 0.4
50
50
K0 = 1
AdB = 20log 1 + j 0.4
50
50
ECE 307-9 9
MatLab
>> w=1:0.1:1000;
>> a=-20*log10(abs(1(w/50).^2+j*0.4*(w/50
)));
>> semilogx(w,a)
>> grid on
>> xlabel ('\omega')
>> ylabel ('A_{dB}')
p
p = p 1 2 = 47.9 rad/s
2
AdB ( p ) = 10log10 4 2 (1 2 2 ) = 2.2 dB
0 = n 2(1 2 2 ) = 2 p = 67.82 rad/s
AdB ( n ) = 20log10 2 = 7.96 dB
ECE 307-9 10
Bode Diagram
>> w=1:0.1:1000;
>> theta=angle(1(w/50).^2+j*0.4*(w/50));
>> degree=-theta*180/pi;
>> semilogx(w,degree)
>> grid on
>> xlabel ('\omega')
>> ylabel
('\theta(\omega)')
ECE 307-9 11
Bode Plot in MatLab
>>
>>
>>
>>
syms s
n=[0 0 2500];
dn=[1 20 2500];
g=tf(n,dn)
Transfer function:
2500
----------------s^2 + 20 s + 2500
>> bode (g)
>> grid on
ECE 307-9 12
Matlab
1
1Vac
0Vdc
V1
L1
R1
50m
C1
8m
3. 0V
( 7. 5858, 2. 5505)
2. 0V
( 10. 782, 1. 0048)
1. 0V
0V
100mHz
V( R1: 2)
300mHz
V( L1: 1)
1. 0Hz
3. 0Hz
10Hz
30Hz
100Hz
Fr equency
ECE 307-9 13
Bode Diagram
20
-0
- 20
- 40
- 60
1 0 0 mHz
3 0 0 mHz
2 0 * LOG1 0 ( V2 ( C1 ) / V1 ( V1 ) )
1 . 0 Hz
3 . 0 Hz
1 0 Hz
3 0 Hz
1 0 0 Hz
Fr e q u e n c y
ECE 307-9 14
