Filamer Christian University

(Secondary School)

The Feasibility of Okra and Aloe Vera as

An Homemade Shampoo

Ms. Jovelita Crizaldo

Chemistry Teacher

By:

Don Ezek Dollete

Chapter 1
 Introduction

This chapter presents the background of the study, the statement of the

problem, hypothesis, significant of the study, scope and delimitations of the study

and definition of terms.

Background of the study

Nowadays, there are many artificial and cosmetic things that is in the market.

One of the most popular is shampoo. We think that we will produce a shampoo in a

natural way. So that’s how we come up with okra and aloe vera to help replace

other artificial products into an environmental one.

Statement of the Problem

1. Can okra and aloe vera be used as raw materials in making shampoo?

2. How effective are aloe vera and okra on the tensile of the hair?

3. Is there any significant difference in the effectivity of different conceration of

okra and aloe vera in strengthening hair?

Hypothesis

There is significant difference in the effectively of different concentration of

okra and aloe vera in strengthening hair.

Scope and Delimitation

This study
 Chapter 2

Review of Related Literature

 This chapter represents a review of related literature and studies about okra

and gugo that can be made as an homemade shampoo and can strengthen the

tensile of the hair.

Okra

Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) Moench, known in many English-speaking

countries as lady's fingers or gumbo) is a flowering plant in the mallow family. It is

valued for its edible green seed pods. Originating in Africa, the plant is cultivated in

tropical, subtropical and warm temperate regions around the world. The name

"okra", most often used in the United States and the Philippines, is of West African

origin and is cognate with "ọ́kụ̀rụ̀" in Igbo, a language spoken in Nigeria. Okra is

often known as "Lady's Fingers" outside of the United States. In various Bantu

languages, okra is called "kingombo" or a variant thereof, and this is the origin of its

name in Portuguese ("quiabo"), Spanish, Dutch and French, and also of the name

"gumbo", used in parts of the United States and English-speaking Caribbean for

either the vegetable, or a stew based on it. In the United Kingdom it is often called

as "bhindi", from its Hindi name "bhindi" or "bhendi". It is a tall-growing, warm-

season, annual vegetable from the same family as hollyhock, rose of Sharon and

hibiscus. The immature pods are used for soups, canning and stews or as a fried or

boiled vegetable. The hibiscuses like flowers and upright plant (3 to 6 feet or more

in height) have ornamental value for backyard gardens.

From Arabia, the plant spread around the shores of the Mediterranean Sea and

eastward.

The plant was introduced to the Americas by ships plying the Atlantic slave

trade by 1658, when its presence was recorded in Brazil. It was further documented

in Suriname in 1686.

Okra may have been introduced to southeastern North America in the early 18th

century. It was being grown as far north as Philadelphia by 1748. Thomas Jefferson

noted that it was well established in Virginia by 1781. It was commonplace

throughout the southern United States by 1800 and the first mention of different

cultivars was in 1806.

Okra seed pod

In Caribbean islands, okra is eaten as soup, often with fish. In Haiti it is

cooked with rice and maize, and also used as a sauce for meat. It became a popular

vegetable in Japanese cuisine toward the end of the 20th century, served with soy

sauce and katsuobushi, or as tempura.

Okra forms part of several regional "signature" dishes. Frango com quiabo

(chicken with okra) is a Brazilian dish that is especially famous in the region of

Minas Gerais. Gumbo, a hearty stew whose key ingredient is okra, is found

throughout the Gulf Coast of the United States and in the South Carolina

Lowcountry. Breaded, deep fried okra is eaten in the southern United States. Okra is

also an ingredient expected in callaloo, a Caribbean dish and the national dish of

Trinidad and Tobago. Okra is also eaten in Nigeria, where draw soup is a popular

dish, often eaten with garri or cassava. In Vietnam, okra is the important ingredient
in the dish canh chua. Okra slices can also be added to ratatouille, combining very

well with the other ingredients of this French popular dish.

Okra leaves may be cooked in a similar way to the greens of beets or

dandelions. The leaves are also eaten raw in salads. Okra seeds may be roasted and

ground to form a caffeinate-free substitute for coffee. When importation of coffee

was disrupted by the American Civil War in 1861, the Austin State Gazette noted,

"An acre of okra will produce seed enough to furnish a plantation of fifty negroes

with coffee in every way equal to that imported from Rio.

Okra oil is a pressed seed oil, extracted from the seeds of the okra. The

greenish-yellow edible oil has a pleasant taste and odor, and is high in unsaturated

fats such as oleic acid and linoleic acid. The oil content of the seed can be quite

high at about 40%. Oil yields from okra crops are also high. At 794 kg/ha, the yield

was exceeded only by that of sunflower oil in one trial. Common Okra seed is

reported to contain only 15% oil.

Nutritional Value & Health Benefits

Okra is a powerhouse of valuable nutrients. Nearly half of which is soluble

fiber in the form of gums and pectins. Soluble fiber helps to lower serum

cholesterol, reducing the risk of heart disease. The other half is insoluble fiber which

helps to keep the intestinal tract healthy decreasing the risk of some forms of

cancer, especially colorectal cancer. Nearly 10% of the recommended levels of

vitamin B6 and folic acid are also present in a half cup of cooked okra.

Nutrition Facts (1/2 cup sliced, cooked Calories 25

okra) Dietary Fiber 2 grams

Protein 1.52 grams Calcium 50.4 mg

Carbohydrates 5.76 grams Iron 0.4 mg

Vitamin A 460 IU Potassium 256.6 mg

Vitamin C 13.04 mg Magnesium 46 mg

Folic acid 36.5 micrograms

Aloe vera

Aloe vera, also known as the true or medicinal aloe, is a species of succulent

plant in the genus Aloe that is believed to have originated in the Sudan. Aloe vera

grows in arid climates and is widely distributed in Africa, India, and other arid areas.

The species is frequently cited as being used in herbal medicine. Many scientific

studies of the use of aloe vera have been undertaken, some of them conflicting.

Despite these limitations, there is some preliminary evidence that Aloe vera

extracts may be useful in the treatment of wound and burn healing, minor skin

infections, Sebaceous cyst, diabetes, and elevated blood lipids in humans. These

positive effects are thought to be due to the presence of compounds such as

polysaccharides, mannans, anthraquinones, and lectins.

Claims of medical properties

Scientific evidence for the cosmetic and therapeutic effectiveness of aloe

vera is limited and when present is frequently contradictory.[1][2] Despite this, the

cosmetic and alternative medicine industries regularly make claims regarding the

soothing, moisturizing, and healing properties of aloe vera, especially via Internet

advertising.[3][38][39][40][41] Aloe vera gel is used as an ingredient in commercially

available lotion, yogurt, beverages, and some desserts.[42][43][44]

 Aloe vera juice is used for consumption and relief of digestive issues such as

heartburn and irritable bowel syndrome, although it bears significant potential to be

toxic when taken orally. It is common practice for cosmetic companies to add sap or

other derivatives from aloe vera to products such as makeup, tissues, moisturizers,

soaps, sunscreens, incense, shaving cream, and shampoos.[42] Other uses for

extracts of aloe vera include the dilution of semen for the artificial fertilization of

sheep,[46] use as fresh food preservative,[47] and use in water conservation in small

farms.[48] The supposed therapeutic uses of aloe vera are not exclusive to the

species and may be found to a lesser or greater degree in the gels of all aloes, and

indeed are shared with large numbers of plants belonging to the family

Asphodelaceae. Bulbine frutescens, for example, is used widely for the treatment of

burns and a host of skin afflictions.

Aloe vera has a long association with herbal medicine, although it is not

known when its medical applications were first suspected. Early records of aloe vera

use appear in the Ebers Papyrus from 16th century BCE, in both Dioscorides' De

Materia Medica and Pliny the Elder's Natural History written in the mid-first century

CE along with the Juliana Anicia Codex produced in 512 CE. Aloe vera is non-toxic,

with no known side effects, provided the aloin has been removed by processing.

Taking aloe vera that contains aloin in excess amounts has been associated with

various side-effects. However, the species is used widely in the traditional herbal

medicine of China, Japan, Russia, South Africa, the United States, Jamaica, Latin

America and India.

Aloe vera may be effective in treatment of wounds. Evidence on the effects of

its sap on wound healing, however, is limited and contradictory. Some studies, for
example, show that aloe vera promotes the rates of healing, while, in contrast,

other studies show that wounds to which aloe vera gel was applied were

significantly slower to heal than those treated with conventional medical

preparations. A more recent review (2007) concludes that the cumulative evidence

supports the use of aloe vera for the healing of first to second degree burns. In

addition to topical use in wound or burn healing, internal intake of aloe vera has

been linked in preliminary research with improved blood glucose levels in diabetics,

and with lower blood lipids in hyperlipidaemic patients, but also with acute hepatitis

(liver disease). In other diseases, preliminary studies have suggested oral aoe vera

gel may reduce symptoms and inflammation in patients with ulcerative colitis.

Compounds extracted from aloe vera have been used as an immunostimulant that

aids in fighting cancers in cats and dogs; however, this treatment has not been

scientifically tested in humans.

Topical application of aloe vera may be effective for genital herpes and

psoriasis. However, it is not effective for the prevention of radiation-induced

injuries. Although anecdotally useful, it has not been proven to offer protection from

sunburn or suntan. In a double-blind clinical trial, both the group using an aloe vera

containing dentifrice and the group using a fluoridated dentifrice had a reduction of

gingivitis and plaque, but no statistically significant difference was found between

the two.

Aloe vera extracts have antibacterial and antifungal activities, which may

help in the treatment of minor skin infections, such as boils and benign skin cysts

and have been shown to inhibit the growth of fungi that cause tinea. For bacteria,

inner-leaf gel from aloe vera was shown to inhibit growth of Streptococcus and
Shigella species in vitro.In contrast, aloe vera extracts failed to show antibiotic

properties against Xanthomonas species.

Shampoo

Shampoo is a hair care product used for the removal of oils, dirt, skin

particles, dandruff, environmental pollutants and other contaminant particles that

gradually build up in hair. The goal is to remove the unwanted build-up without

stripping out so much sebum as to make hair unmanageable.

Even though most modern shampoos include a conditioning component,

shampooing is frequently followed by the use of conditioners which ease combing

and styling.

Composition

Shampoo is generally made by combining a surfactant, most often sodium lauryl

sulfate and/or sodium laureth sulfate with a co-surfactant, most often

cocamidopropyl betaine in water to form a thick, viscous liquid. Other essential

ingredients include salt (sodium chloride), which is used to adjust the viscosity, a

preservative and fragrance. Other ingredients are generally included in shampoo

formulations to maximize the following qualities:

• Pleasing foam • Slightly acidic (pH less than 7),

• Easy rinsing since a basic environment

• Minimal skin/eye irritation weakens the hair by breaking

• Feels thick and/or creamy the disulfide bonds in hair

• Pleasant fragrance keratin.

• Low toxicity • No damage to hair

• Good biodegradability

Many shampoos are pearlescent. This effect is achieved by addition of tiny flakes

of suitable materials, e.g. glycol distearate, chemically derived from stearic acid,

which may have either animal or vegetable origins. Glycol distearate is a wax. Many

shampoos also include silicone to provide conditioning benefits.

 Chapter 4

Results and Discussion

Hair Concentration Tear Strength

Hair 1

Okra

Hair 2

Aloe Vera

Hair 3

Okra and Aloe Vera