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2 26 DrainageBasin Network

The document discusses river morphology, hydrology, and the quantitative relationships between geomorphology and drainage networks. It covers various aspects such as Manning's n value, drainage density, hydrographs, and factors influencing flood hydrographs. Additionally, it highlights the significance of basin characteristics and hydrological responses in understanding river systems.

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5 views24 pages

2 26 DrainageBasin Network

The document discusses river morphology, hydrology, and the quantitative relationships between geomorphology and drainage networks. It covers various aspects such as Manning's n value, drainage density, hydrographs, and factors influencing flood hydrographs. Additionally, it highlights the significance of basin characteristics and hydrological responses in understanding river systems.

Uploaded by

Hero
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

River morphology and ecology

Manning’s n value
River basin
River basin
River Basin
River basin and topography
Drainage
density and
frequency
Drainage patterns and Geological
controls
More drainage patterns
River Basin
Geomorphology-Hydrology Quantitative Relationship

Drainage network
Morphometric ratios (Horton,
1945; Strahlar, 1952)

• Bifurcation ratio
RB= Nu/Nu+1
Nu – No. of stream of order u
• Length Ratio
RL = Lu/Lu-1
Lu – Avg. stream length of order u
• Area Ratio
RA = Au/Au-1
Au – Avg. basin area of order u
Shreve’s stream order
Drainage network
TDCN
What defines the magnitude of a DN

(Akbar et al., 2023)


Why do we get different types of
drainage network?
DN generation
through inclusion
of slope

(Kumar et al., 2022)


Basin shape
River basin - Hydrology
Hydrological response of a river basin
(rainfall – discharge relationship)

Hydrograph
Hydrographs are graphs which show river discharge over a given
period of time
and
show the response of a drainage basin and its river to a period
of rainfall.
Hydrograph Chracteristics
Unit Hydrograph
◼ Hydrograph of a surface runoff resulting from
effective rainfall falling in an ‘unit’ amount of rainfall
in a given time
◼ Assumption
◼ Hortonian overland flow (P-I)
◼ Surface runoff is produced uniformly in space and time
over the total catchment area
◼ Applications
◼ Rainfall-runoff relationship for a given catchment
◼ Hydrological response of a river basin
◼ Shape of a storm hydrograph – f{ physical characteristics of the
catchment)
◼ Qp, tp
◼ Prediction capability
Factors affecting a flood
hydrograph
◼ Basin characteristics
◼ Permeable/impermeable
rocks
◼ Slope
◼ Drainage density
◼ Type of rainfall
◼ Heavy rain – short 
◼ Slow+ long rain – longer 
◼ Direction of rainfall
Factors affecting a flood hydrograph
◼ Land use and
urbanization
◼ Size of the basin
◼ Shape of the basin
◼ Civil Engineering works
Basin shape and its effect

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