Carbohydrates & Lipids
1. This molecule acts as molecular chaperones to assist the folding of proteins;
(a) Vitamins (b) Carbohydrates (c) Amides (d) Lipids (e) Nucleic Acid
Correct Answer : (d)
2. Which of these is not a lipid?
(a) Fats (b) Oils (c) Proteins (d) Waxes (e) Lipids
Answer: (c)
3. The abundantly distributed enzyme in germinating seeds and adipocytes is;
(a) Lipase (b) Proteases (c) Cellulase (d) Nuclease (e) Cell Membrane
Answer: (a)
4. Beta-oxidation of fatty acids occurs in;
(a) Peroxisome (b) Peroxisome and Mitochondria (c) Mitochondria (d)
Peroxisome , Mitochondria and ER (e) Both A and B
Answer: (C)
5. An example of is Carnauba wax;
(a) Soft wax (b) Liquid wax (c) Hard wax (d) Archaebacterial wax (e) Nucleus
Answer: (c)
6. In fats, the number of OH groups can be expressed as;
(a) Reichert-Meissil number (b) Polenske number (c) Iodine number (d) Acetyl number
Answer: (d)
7. Rancidity of lipids of lipid-rich foodstuff is because of;
(a) Reduction of fatty acids (b) Hydrogenation of unsaturated fatty acids (c)
Dehydrogenation of saturated fatty acids (d) Oxidation of fatty acids (e) Oxidation of fatty acids
Answer: (d)
8. This is an example of derived lipids;
(a) Terpenes (b) Steroids (c) Carotenoids (d) Fatty Acids (e) Ribosomes
Answer: (b) Steroids
9. The specific gravity of lipid is:
a) 1.5 (b) 1.0 (c) 0.8 (d) 0.2 (e) 0.4
Answer: (c)
10. Which of the following is a reducing sugar?
A) Sucrose B) Glucose C) Fructose D) Maltose (e) Sugar
Answer: B)
11. The storage form of carbohydrate in animals is:
A) Starch B) Glycogen C) Cellulose D) Chitin (E) Cell Wall
Answer: B) Glycogen
12. Which of the following carbohydrates is not digestible by humans?
A) Starch B) Glycogen C) Cellulose D) Maltose C) Glucose
Answer: C) Cellulose
13. Which enzyme is responsible for the breakdown of starch in the mouth?
A) Maltase B) Amylase C) Lactase D) Sucrase E) Lipase
Answer: B) Amylase
14. The bond formed between two monosaccharides is called:
A) Peptide bond B) Glycosidic bond C) Hydrogen bond
D) Ester bond E) Glycosidic Linkage
Answer: B) Glycosidic bond
15. Which carbohydrate is the main source of energy for the brain?
A) Fructose B) Glucose C) Galactose D) Ribose E) Sucrose
Answer: B) Glucose
16. Which of the following Biomolecules simply refers to as “Staff of life”?
(a) Lipids (b) Proteins (c) Vitamins (d) Carbohydrates (e) Nucleoside
Answer: (d) Carbohydrates.
17. Which of the following monosaccharides is the majority found in the human body?
(a) D-type (b) L-type (c) LD-types (d) P- type (e) S- type
Answer : (a) D-type.
18. Which of the following is the most abundant biomolecule on the earth?
(a) Lipids (b) Proteins (c) Carbohydrates (d) Nucleic acids (e) Vitamins
Sol: (c) Carbohydrates.
19. Which of the following is the general formula of Carbohydrates?
(a) (C4H2O)n (b) (C6H2O)n (c) (CHO)n (d) (C2H2O)n COOH (e) (C3H2O)n
Answerl: (c) (CH2O)n.
20. Which of the following is the smallest carbohydrate – triose?
(a) Ribose (b) Glucose (c) Glyceraldehyde (d) Dihydroxyacetone (e) Sucrose
Answer : (c) Glyceraldehyde.
21. Which of the following is an example of Epimers?
(a) Glucose and Ribose (b) Glucose and Galactose (c) Galactose, Mannose and
Glucose
(d) Glucose, Ribose and Mannose (e) Ribose and Mannose
Answer : (b) Glucose and Galactose
22. The Molisch test is used for;
a) Lipids (b) Proteins (c) Mucoproteins (d) Flavoproteins (e) Glucose
Answer : (c) Mucoproteins.
23. Which of the following does not have sulphuric acid groups?
(a) Heparin (b) Kerato sulfate (c) Hyaluronic acid(d) Chondroitin sulfate (e) Mucoproteins
Answer : (c) Hyaluronic acid.
24. Digitonin is a;
(a) Lipid (b) Protein (c) Glycoside (d) Alkaloid (e) Carbohydrates
Answer: (c) Glycoside.
25. Where is glycogen primarily stored in the human body?
A) Brain and Nerves B) Liver and Muscles C) Kidneys and Lungs
D) Adipose tissue E) Backbone
Answer B) Liver and Muscles
26. Agar-agar, used in laboratories as a culture medium, is a carbohydrate derived from:
A) Red algae B) Sugar cane C) Wood pulp D) Animal connective tissue (e) Fats
Answer : Red algae
27. Raffinose is a classic example of a:
(a) Monosaccharide (b) Disaccharide (c) Trisaccharide (d) Polysaccharide (e) Lipids
Answer: (c) Trisaccharide
28. Which of the following is considered a "non-sugar" carbohydrate due to its lack of
sweetness?
(a) Fructose (b) Glucose (c) Starch (d) Lactose (e) Carbohydrates
Answer: (c) Starch (Polysaccharides are generally non-sugars)
29. 5A six-carbon carbohydrate containing an aldehyde functional group is specifically called an:
(a) Aldohexose (b) Ketohexose (c) Aldopentose (d) Ketotetrose (e) Ketotriose
Answer: (a) Aldohexose (e.g., Glucose)
30. Monosaccharides exhibit optical activity because they contain:
(a) Hydroxyl groups (b) Asymmetric (chiral) carbon atoms (c) Double bonds
(d)A ketone or aldehyde group (e) Symmetric carbon atoms
Answer : (b) Asymmetric (chiral) carbon atoms
31. Which reagent is commonly used to detect "reducing sugars" like glucose and fructose?
(a) Iodine solution (b) Benedict’s reagent (c) Bromine water
(d) Concentrated Sulfuric acid (e) Diluted Sulphuric Acid
Answer : (b) Benedict’s reagent
32. Monosaccharides react with phenylhydrazine to form characteristic crystalline derivatives
called:
(a) Osazones (b) Esters (b) Acetals (d) Glycosides (e) Ketones
Answer : (a) Osazones
33. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of lipids?
a) Insoluble in water b) Soluble in organic solvents c) Composed primarily of amino acids
d) Highly hydrophobic e) Composed Of Vitamins
Answer: c) Composed primarily of amino acids
34. Which of the following is an example of a derived lipid?
a) Triglyceride b) Phospholipid c) Steroids d) Waxes e) Vitamins
Answer: c) Steroids
35. Which lipid is majorly found in the cell membrane?
a) Triglycerides b) Phospholipids c) Waxes d) Cholesterol e) Nucleotides
Answer: b) Phospholipids
36. Which of the following is a lipid-soluble vitamin?
a) Vitamin C b) Vitamin B12 c) Vitamin A d) Vitamin B6 e) Vitamin E
Answer: c) Vitamin A
37. Lipids are generally:
a) Denser than water b) Less dense than water c) Equal in density to water
d) More Soluble than Water e)Less Soluble than Carbohydrates
Answer: b) Less dense than water
38. Carbohydrates are stored in plants as:
a) Glycogen b) Starch c) Glucose d) Sucrose e) Maltose
Answer: (b) Starch
39. Carbohydrates are stored in animals as:
a) Cellulose b) Starch c) Glycogen d) Lactose e) Cell Membrane
Answer: (c) Glycogen
40. Which of the following is a ketohexose?
a) Glucose b) Galactose c) Fructose d) Mannose e) Mannose
Answer: (c) Fructose
41. Mannose is an epimer of glucose at carbon:
a) C-2 b) C-3 c) C-4 d) C-5 e) C-8
Answer: (a) C-2
42. Reaction of glucose with HCN confirms the presence of:
a) Hydroxyl group b) Carbonyl group c) Aldehyde group
d) Carboxyl group e) Alkyl Group
Answer: (c) Aldehyde group
43. Which test specifically distinguishes an aldose from a ketose?
A) Benedict’s Test B) Seliwanoff’s Test C) Molisch’s Test D) Iodine Test E) Fehling’s test
Answer: (B) Seliwanoff’s Test
43. The most stable conformation of D-Glucose is the:
A) Boat form B) Half-chair form C) Chair form D) Planar form E) Linked Form
Answer: (C) Chair form
44. Glucose is a..?
A)pentahydroxy aldehyde B)hexahydroxy aldehyde
C) pentahydroxy ketone D) hexahydroxy ketone E) Hexa Hydroxy Aldehyde
Answer: (A) Pentahydroxy aldehyde
45. Which is formed during photosynthesis?
A)glucose B) fructose C)mannose D) sucrose E)dextrose
Answer: (A) Glucose
46. Which store double amount of energy;
A) carbohydrates B) proteins C) lipids D)vitamins E)nucleic acids
Answer: (C) Lipids
47. Glycogen is present in?
A) plants B) animals C) microorganisms D) bacteria E) fungi
Answer: (B) Animals
48. Fats are ...... compounds ;
A) saturated B) unsaturated C)double bonded D)liquids E)triple bonded
Answer: (A) Saturated
49. Which is not correct?
A) Monosaccharides are crystalline B) They are soluble in water C) They are sweet
D) They can be hydrolyzed E) They are simplest sugar
Answer: (D) They can be hydrolyzed
50. Sucrose contains which monosaccharides?
A) Glucose + Glucose B) Glucose + Fructose C) Fructose + Fructose
D) Galactose + Glucose E) Mannose + Dextrose
Answer: (B) Glucose + Fructose
51. Lipids are ...... in water?
A) soluble B) insoluble C) slightly soluble D)highly soluble E)depend on condition
Answer: (B) Insoluble
52. Which disaccharide is commonly known as "milk sugar"?
(a) Sucrose (b) Maltose (c) Lactose (d) Cellobiose (e) Trehalose
Answer: (c) Lactose
53. Starch is a polysaccharide stored in plants, composed of which two components?
(a) Amylose and Cellulose (b) Amylopectin and Glycogen (c) Amylose and Amylopectin
(d) Cellulose and Chitin (e) Glycogen and Chitin
Answer: (c) Amylose and Amylopectin
54. Which carbohydrate is the main structural component of plant cell walls?
(a) Chitin (b) Starch (c) Glycogen (d) Cellulose (e) Pectin
Answer: (d) Cellulose
55. The specific sugar present in DNA is:
(a) Ribose (b) Deoxyribose (c) Glucose (d) Fructose (e) Galactose
Answer: (b) Deoxyribose
56. The change in specific optical rotation of a freshly prepared sugar solution to a constant
value is called:
(a) Epimerization (b) Mutarotation (c) Inversion (d) Isomerization (e) Racemization
Answer: (b) Mutarotation
57. The Benedict's test is used to detect the presence of:
(a) Polysaccharides (b) Non-reducing sugars (c) Reducing sugars (d) Amino sugars (e) Lipids
Answer: (c) Reducing sugars
58. Which of the following is a tetrasaccharide?
(a) Sucrose (b) Lactose (c) Raffinose (d) Stachyose (e) Maltose
Answer: (d) Stachyose
59. Which of the following carbohydrates lacks a glycosidic bond?
A) Maltose B) Amylose C) Galactose D) Glycogen E) Fructose
Answer: C (It is a monosaccharide)
60. Periodic acid (HIO4) oxidation of Vicinal diols in carbohydrates results in:
A) Formation of an ester B) Cleavage of C-C bonds C) Reduction to alcohols
D) Formation of a cyclic ether E) Oxidation to Aldehydes
Answer: B
61. Osazones are formed by the reaction of sugars with:
A) Phenylhydrazine B) Schiff’s reagent C) Tollen’s reagent
D) Bromine water E) Silver Nitrate
Answer: (A) Phenylhydrazine
62. Lipids are insoluble in water primarily due to:
A) Presence of many hydroxyl groups B) High proportion of hydrocarbon chains
C) Hydrogen bonding with water D) Their high molecular weight
E) Due to Reduction to alcohols
Answer: (B) High proportion of hydrocarbon chains
63. Which fatty acid has the highest melting point?
A) Palmitic acid (16:0) B) Stearic acid (18:0) C) Oleic acid (18:1)
D) Linoleic acid (18:2) E) Alpha Linoleic Acid (18:3)
Answer: B (Saturation and longer chains increase melting point)
64. Which lipid contains a carbohydrate moiety?
A) Ganglioside B) Triglyceride C) Cephalin D) Steroid E) Nucleoside
Answer: A (Gangliosides are glycosphingolipids)
65. Which of the following is a precursor for Prostaglandins?
A) Cholesterol B) Palmitic acid C) Arachidonic acid D) Stearic acid E) Linoleic acid
Answer: (C) Arachidonic acid
66. Terpenes are lipids composed of repeating units of:
A) Glucose B) Isoprene C) Glycerol D) Fatty acids E) Lipids
Answer: (B) Isoprene
67. Which sugar is known as "Grape Sugar"?
A) Fructose B) Galactose C) Glucose D) Sucrose E) Maltose
Answer: (C) Glucose
68. Seliwanoff’s test is used to distinguish between:
A) Monosaccharides and Disaccharides B) Aldoses and Ketoses
C) Reducing and Non-reducing sugars D) Glucose and Galactose
E) Lipids And Carbohydrates
Answer: (B) Aldoses and Ketoses
69. Sugar alcohols like Sorbitol are formed by:
A) Oxidation B) Reduction C) Dehydration D) Fermentation E) Hydrogenation
Answer: (B) Reduction
70. The sugar found in milk is:
A) Maltose B) Lactose C) Sucrose D) Trehalose E) Glucose
Answer: (B) Lactose
71. In the ABO blood group system, the 'H-antigen' is a precursor made of:
A) Proteins only B) Oligosaccharide chain C) Pure lipids
D) Nucleic acids E) Vitamins
Answer: (B) Oligosaccharide chain
72. Which polysaccharide is used as a clinical indicator of kidney GFR?
A) Glycogen B) Inulin C) Dextrin D) Starch E) Cellulose
Answer: (B) Inulin
73. Why are oligosaccharides important in cell-cell recognition?
A) They provide massive amounts of ATP B) They act as "tags" on the cell surface
C) They are used to build DNA D) They catalyze chemical reactions
E) They have High molecular weight
Answer: (B) They act as "tags" on the cell surface
74. Dextrans are polymers of glucose used as:
A) Sweeteners B) Plasma volume expanders C) Antibiotics D) Hormones E) Mitosis
Answer: (B) Plasma volume expanders
75. Lipids that contain a carbohydrate group are known as:
A) Phospholipid B) Glycolipids C) Sphingomyelins D) Steroids E) Inulin
Answer: (B) Glycolipids
76. The precursor of Vitamin D and bile salts in the human body is:
A) Lecithin B) Cholesterol C) Cephalin D) Palmitic acid E) Steroids
Answer: (B) Cholesterol
77. Lipid bilayers form spontaneously in water because of:
A) Covalent bonding B) The hydrophobic effect C) Ionic attraction
D) Metallic bonding E) Reduction of Water
Answer: (B) The hydrophobic effect
78. The conversion of liquid vegetable oils into solid shortening (margarine) involves:
A) Oxidation B) Saponification C) Hydrogenation D) Esterification E) Hydration
Answer: (C) Hydrogenation
79. The carboxyl group of a fatty acid is:
A) Non-polar B) Polar and hydrophilic C) Hydrophobic
D) Positively charged at pH 7 E) Soluble in Water
Answer: (B) Polar and hydrophilic
80. "Trans-fats" are associated with an increased risk of:
A) Weight loss B) Cardiovascular disease C) Improved vision
D) Bone density E) Lungs Disease
Answer: (B) Cardiovascular disease
81. Humans cannot digest cellulose because they lack which enzyme?
a) Amylase b) Cellulase c) Invertase d) Maltase E) Cell Membrane
Answer : b) Cellulase
82. The number of milligrams of KOH required to neutralize the free and combined fatty acids
in one gram of a given fat is called:
a) Polenske number b) Acid number c) Saponification number
d) Iodine number e) Basic Number (e) Basic number
Ans: c) Saponification number
83. Which of the following is an unsaturated fatty acid?
a) Stearic acid b) Palmitic acid c) Oleic acid
d) Butyric acid e) Arachidonic acid
Ans: c) Oleic acid
