import [Link].
Scanner;
/**
* Provides methods to read and validate user input.
*/
public class Utility {
/**
* Scanner used to read input from keyboard
*/
Scanner sc = new Scanner([Link]);
/**
* Reads a menu choice within a given range.
* @param min minimum valid choice
* @param max maximum valid choice
* @return valid user choice
*/
public int getChoice(int min, int max) {
while (true) {
try {
[Link]("Enter choice: ");
int choice = [Link]([Link]());
if (choice >= min && choice <= max) {
return choice;
[Link]("Choice must be " + min + " to " + max);
} catch (NumberFormatException e) {
[Link]("Please enter a number!");
/**
* Reads and validates a binary number.
* @return valid binary string
*/
public String getValueBinary() {
while (true) { // repeat until valid input
[Link]("Enter binary number: "); // prompt user
String value = [Link](); // read input
if ([Link]("[0-1]+")) { // check binary format
return value; // return valid binary
[Link]("Binary only includes 0 and 1!");
}
}
/**
* Reads and validates a decimal number.
* @return valid decimal string
*/
public String getValueDecimal() {
while (true) { // repeat until valid input
[Link]("Enter decimal number: "); // prompt user
String value = [Link](); // read input
if ([Link]("[0-9]+")) { // check decimal format
return value; // return valid decimal
[Link]("Decimal only includes 0-9!");
/**
* Reads and validates a hexadecimal number.
* @return valid hexadecimal string
*/
public String getValueHexadecimal() {
while (true) { // repeat until valid input
[Link]("Enter hexadecimal number: "); // prompt user
String value = [Link](); // read input
if ([Link]("[0-9A-F]+")) { // check hex format
return value; // return valid hexadecimal
[Link]("Hexadecimal includes 0-9 and A-F!");
import [Link];
/**
* Handles base conversion between binary, decimal and hexadecimal.
*/
public class ChangeBaseNumber {
/**
* Converts a binary string to a decimal string.
* @param binary binary number as string
* @return decimal number as string
*/
public String convertBinaryToDecimal(String binary) {
// store decimal result
BigInteger decimal = [Link];
// base 2
BigInteger base = new BigInteger("2");
// loop each bit
for (int i = 0; i < [Link](); i++) {
// check bit value
if ([Link](i) == '1') {
// add power of 2
decimal = [Link]([Link]([Link]() - 1 - i)
);
// return decimal result
return [Link]();
/**
* Converts a hexadecimal string to a decimal string.
* @param hexadecimal hexadecimal number as string
* @return decimal number as string
*/
public String convertHexadecimalToDecimal(String hexadecimal) {
// store decimal result
BigInteger decimal = [Link];
// base 16
BigInteger base = new BigInteger("16");
// hex characters
String digits = "0123456789ABCDEF";
// loop each digit
for (int i = 0; i < [Link](); i++) {
// get digit value
int value = [Link]([Link](i));
// add value * 16^position
decimal = [Link](
[Link](value).multiply([Link]([Link]() - 1 - i))
);
// return decimal result
return [Link]();
}
/**
* Converts a decimal string to a binary string.
* @param decimal decimal number as string
* @return binary number as string
*/
public String convertDecimalToBinary(String decimal) {
// decimal value
BigInteger deci = new BigInteger(decimal);
// base 2
BigInteger base = new BigInteger("2");
// binary result
String result = "";
// loop until value is 0
while ([Link]() != 0) {
// add remainder
result = [Link](base).intValue() + result;
// divide by 2
deci = [Link](base);
}
// return binary result
return result;
/**
* Converts a decimal string to a hexadecimal string.
* @param decimal decimal number as string
* @return hexadecimal number as string
*/
public String convertDecimalToHexadecimal(String decimal) {
// decimal value
BigInteger deci = new BigInteger(decimal);
// base 16
BigInteger base = new BigInteger("16");
// hex characters
String digits = "0123456789ABCDEF";
// hex result
String result = "";
// loop until value is 0
while ([Link]() != 0) {
// map digit
result = [Link]([Link](base).intValue()) + result;
// divide by 16
deci = [Link](base);
// return hexadecimal result
return result;
/**
* Converts a binary string to a hexadecimal string.
* @param binary binary number as string
* @return hexadecimal number as string
*/
public String convertBinaryToHexadecimal(String binary) {
// binary → decimal → hex
return convertDecimalToHexadecimal(
convertBinaryToDecimal(binary)
);
}
/**
* Converts a hexadecimal string to a binary string.
* @param hexadecimal hexadecimal number as string
* @return binary number as string
*/
public String convertHexadecimalToBinary(String hexadecimal) {
// hex → decimal → binary
return convertDecimalToBinary(
convertHexadecimalToDecimal(hexadecimal)
);
/**
* Displays conversion menu and returns user choice.
* @param from source base
* @param to1 first target base
* @param to2 second target base
* @return user choice (1 or 2)
*/
public int displayConvert(String from, String to1, String to2) {
// input utility
Utility util = new Utility();
// option 1
[Link]("1. Convert from " + from + " to " + to1);
// option 2
[Link]("2. Convert from " + from + " to " + to2);
// return valid choice
return [Link](1, 2);
/**
* Displays binary conversion based on user choice.
* @param binary binary number as string
*/
public void displayBinaryConversion(String binary) {
int choice = displayConvert("binary", "decimal", "hexadecimal");
if (choice == 1) {
[Link]("Decimal: " + convertBinaryToDecimal(binary));
} else {
[Link]("Hexadecimal: " +
convertBinaryToHexadecimal(binary));
}
/**
* Displays decimal conversion based on user choice.
* @param decimal decimal number as string
*/
public void displayDecimalConversion(String decimal) {
int choice = displayConvert("decimal", "binary", "hexadecimal");
if (choice == 1) {
[Link]("Binary: " + convertDecimalToBinary(decimal));
} else {
[Link]("Hexadecimal: " +
convertDecimalToHexadecimal(decimal));
/**
* Displays hexadecimal conversion based on user choice.
* @param hexadecimal hexadecimal number as string
*/
public void displayHexadecimalConversion(String hexadecimal) {
int choice = displayConvert("hexadecimal", "binary", "decimal");
if (choice == 1) {
[Link]("Binary: " +
convertHexadecimalToBinary(hexadecimal));
} else {
[Link]("Decimal: " +
convertHexadecimalToDecimal(hexadecimal));
/**
* Main class that starts the base conversion program.
*/
public class Main {
/**
* Displays the main menu options.
*/
public void displayOption() {
[Link]("1. Change base Binary");
[Link]("2. Change base Decimal");
[Link]("3. Change base Hexadecimal");
[Link]("4. Exit");
/**
* Program entry point.
* @param args command-line arguments
*/
public static void main(String[] args) {
// handle user input
Utility util = new Utility();
// handle conversion logic
ChangeBaseNumber cb = new ChangeBaseNumber();
// create object Main
Main m = new Main();
while (true) {
[Link]();
int choice = [Link](1, 4);
switch (choice) {
case 1:
String binary = [Link]();
[Link](binary);
break;
case 2:
String decimal = [Link]();
[Link](decimal);
break;
case 3:
String hexadecimal = [Link]();
[Link](hexadecimal);
break;
case 4:
return;
