Basic Jazz Theory: volume 1 Published by Sol Ut Press (www.sol-ut.com) Copyright 2010 Sol Ut Press. All rights reserved.
. No part of this book, including interior design, cover design, and icons, may be reproduced or transmitted in any form, by any means (electronic, photocopying, recording, or otherwise) without the prior written permission of the publisher. Sol Ut and the SolUt logo are trademarks of SolUt Press. send E-mail regarding this book to [email protected]
ISBN 10: 1453723560 ISBN 13: 9781453723562
For general information about this book or SolUt Press, visit our web site at www.sol-ut.com.
B ASIC J AZZ T HEORY
Volume 1
www.BasicJazzTheory.com
Basic Jazz Theory, vol 1 Table of Contents
Chapter 0: The Ch apter Everyone Sk ips . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Chapter 1: Tune Up . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
www.BasicJazzTheory.com
iii
Chapter 2: Major Scales . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
15
Chapter 3: Goin g Modal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
21
iv
Table of Contents
Chapter 4: Interval Training . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
27
Chapter 5: Cutting The Chords . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
35
Chapter 6: Ex tension Chords . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
41
www.BasicJazzTheory.com
Chapter 7: Pen tatonic and Blues S cales . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
47
Chapter 8: Listen and Learn . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
53
Codicil: Book Index, Scales, Piano Keyboard, Guitar Fingerboard
59
www.BasicJazzTheory.com
vi
T HE C HAPTER E VERYONE S KIPS
C HAPTER 0
Introduction
www.BasicJazzTheory.com
Why Listen to Me?
0: The Chapter Everyone Skips
Skills Youll Need To Make This Book Work
www.BasicJazzTheory.com
Basic Jazz Theory, volume 1: The Big Picture
Icons In The Book:
Improvise Now
Brain Boosters
Theory Geek Alert
Notice!
0: The Chapter Everyone Skips
Whats Inside: The Details
Chapter 0: The Chapter Eve ryone Skips
Chapter 1: Tune Up
Chapter 2: Major Scales
Chapter 3: Going Modal
Chapter 4: Interval Training
Chapter 5: Cutting the Chords
www.BasicJazzTheory.com
Chapter 6: Extension Chords
Chapter 7: Pentatonic and Blues Scales
Chapter 8: Listen & Learn
Codicil
Get Bonus Material for the Book
0: The Chapter Everyone Skips
T UNE U P
C HAPTER 1
Why Should You Learn Tunes First?
www.BasicJazzTheory.com
How to Learn Tunes: By Rote or by Note?
Learn Tunes by Ear
Learn Tunes with Written Music
1: Tune Up
Memorizing
Tune List
www.BasicJazzTheory.com
15 Easy Jazz Melodies to Learn Now
Memorizing Tunes
10
1: Tune Up
The Big Picture
The Nitty Gritty
www.BasicJazzTheory.com
11
A Tune to memorize: Les Yeux noirs (Dark Eyes)
Scale to use f or improvising on Dark Eyes : D harmonic minor
12
1: Tune Up
fast
Les Yeux Noirs (Dark Eye s)
Scale to use for improvising on Dark Eyes : D harmonic minor
Ear Training
www.BasicJazzTheory.com
13
Chapter Review
Practical use
14
1: Tune Up
M AJOR S CALES
C HAPTER 2
The Major Scale
www.BasicJazzTheory.com
15
The C Major Scale
Whole and Half Steps for the Major Scale
Octave
Scales with Accidentals
F Major Scale
16
2: Major Scales
G Major Scale
Major Scales with Many Accidentals
A Major Scale with Lots of Flats
A Major Scale with Lots of Sharps
www.BasicJazzTheory.com
17
More Enharmonics
Ear Training
Improvise Now
Somethin Else
18
2: Major Scales
Chapter Review
Practical Use
www.BasicJazzTheory.com
19
20
2: Major Scales
G OING M ODAL
C HAPTER 3
What is a Mode?
The Modes
www.BasicJazzTheory.com
21
Ionian
Dorian
Phrygian
22
3: Going Mod al
Lydian
Mixolydian
Aeolian
Locrian
www.BasicJazzTheory.com
23
Finding Modes in Other Keys
1 2
2 3
Modes Using Other Scales
melodic minor (ascending)
Lydian augmented
half-diminished or Locrian #2
Ear Training
24
3: Going Mod al
Improvise Now
Somethin Else
Chapter Review
www.BasicJazzTheory.com
25
Practical use
26
3: Going Mod al
I NTERVAL T RAINING
C HAPTER 4
Intervals by the Number
Harmonic Interval
Melodic Interval
www.BasicJazzTheory.com
27
A Simple Way to Find an Inte rval
23 1
67 45 23 1
Interval Quality
Perfect Intervals
28
4: Interval Training
Major Intervals
M2 M3 M6 M7
major second major third major sixth major seventh
PU/PP
M2
M3
P4
P5
M6
M7
P8
Altering Perfect Intervals
aug P dim
dimU
augU
dim4
aug4
dim5
aug5
dim8
aug8
www.BasicJazzTheory.com
29
Altering Major Intervals
aug Maj min
min2
aug2
-min3
aug3
min6
aug6
min7
aug7
Finding an Interval
30
4: Interval Training
Intervals Greater than an Octave
Finding Intervals in Keys Other than C
Ear Training
Somethin Else
www.BasicJazzTheory.com
31
Chapter Review
32
4: Interval Training
Practical Use
www.BasicJazzTheory.com
33
34
4: Interval Training
C UTTING T HE C HORDS
C HAPTER 5
General Chord Info
Naming Chords
www.BasicJazzTheory.com
35
Roman Numerals
Letter Names
The Basic Triad
fifth third root
fifth third root
Triads in a Major Key
Dmin Emin F
Amin
Bo
Dmin Emin F
Amin
Bo
36
5: Cutting The Chords
Major Triads
C
min3 M3 P5
F
min3 M3
G
P5
Minor Triads
Dmin
M3 min3 P5
EM3 min3
AP5
Diminished Triads
B or Bdim
min3 min3 dim5
Augmented Triads
F+
M3 M3 aug5 M3 M3
Caug
aug5
www.BasicJazzTheory.com
37
Ear Training
Improvise Now
38
5: Cutting The Chords
Somethin Else
Chapter Review
www.BasicJazzTheory.com
39
Practical Use
40
5: Cutting The Chords
E XTENSION C HORDS
C HAPTER 6
General Chord Extension Info
D=9 E=10 F=11 G=12 A=13
C=1 D=2 E=3 F=4 G=5 A=6 B=7 C=8
www.BasicJazzTheory.com
41
Seventh Chords
F7
Dmin7
C7
GMaj7
Emin7
The Dominant Seventh Chord
42
6: Extension Chords
Scale Degree
Scale Degree Name
Associated Chords Roman Numeral.
G7
D7
F7
C7
Ninth Chords
F9
Dmin9
C7,9
GMaj7,9
Emin9
A b M7 9
www.BasicJazzTheory.com
43
Extending Further
Eleventh and Thirteenth Chords
The Half Diminished Chord
Half Diminished Chord Symbols
Ear Training
44
6: Extension Chords
Improvise Now
Somethin Else
Chapter Review
www.BasicJazzTheory.com
45
Practical Use
46
6: Extension Chords
P ENTATONIC
AND
B LUES S CALES
C HAPTER 7
Blues: the Bones of Jazz
General Pentatonic Scale Info
www.BasicJazzTheory.com
47
The Major Pentatonic Scale
The Minor Pentatonic Scale
48
7: Pentatonic and Blues Scales
General Blues Scale Info
Standard Blues Scale
www.BasicJazzTheory.com
49
Recipe #1 for Any Standard Blues Scale (miinor Pentatonic method)
Recipe #2 for Any Standard Blues Scale (major scale method)
50
7: Pentatonic and Blues Scales
Use Your Blues
Ear Training
Improvise Now
www.BasicJazzTheory.com
51
Somethin Else
Chapter Review
Practical Use
52
7: Pentatonic and Blues Scales
L ISTEN & L EARN
C HAPTER 8
Why Listen?
www.BasicJazzTheory.com
53
Where to Listen Online
A Fast and Loose Jazz Styles Cheat Sheet
Jazz Style
Brief Description
54
8: Listen & Learn
Jazz Style
Brief Description
Listening Suggestions
10 Excellent Jazz Albums
www.BasicJazzTheory.com
55
5 Essential Old-School Jazz Albums
5 Essential Big Band Jazz Albums
5 Essential Bebop/Hard Bop Jazz Albums
5 Essential Modal Jazz (influenced) Albums
56
8: Listen & Learn
5 Essential Gypsy Jazz Albums
5 Essential Latin Jazz Albums
5 Essential Piano Jazz Albums
5 Essential Jazz Trumpet Albums
www.BasicJazzTheory.com
57
5 Essential Jazz Saxophone Albums
5 Essential Jazz Guitar Albums
Improvise Now
Only the Beginning
58
8: Listen & Learn
C o d i c i l
INDEX
P IANO K EYBOARD
GUITAR
S CALES
F INGERBOARD
Find more resources at: www.BasicJazzTheory.com
Basic Jazz Theory
volume 2
Other Books from Jonathan Harnum
Visit us on the web: www.sol-ut.com
Basic Music Theory: How to Read, Write, and Understand Written Music
Sound the Trumpet: How to Blow Your Own Horn
I
Numerics
, 42
d
, 56 , 56 , 55 , 56 , 56 , 57
e
, 58 , 56 , 56
x
C
, 10 , 55, 56, 57 , 47 , 10 , 57 , 56, 57 , 58 , 10 , 10, 56, 58 , 35 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 42 , 35 , 35
A
,9 , 54 , 23 , 56, 58 , 55 , 55 , 57 , 57 , 58 , 55 , 55 , 58 , 57 , 57 , 56 , 55 , 57 , 56 , 58 , 57 , 58 , 57 , 57 , 56 , 56 , 56 , 56 , 57 , 56 , 57 , 57 , 58 , 56 , 56 , 58 , 57 , 57 , 57 , 55 , 57 , 57 , 57 , 55, 58 , 56 , 53 , 55 , 56 , 56 , 55 , 10
, 58 , 55 , 56 , 55 , 10 , 57 , 10
, 57 , 37 , 10
, 36 , 42 , 37 , 37 , 37 , 37
B
, 53 , 10 , 55 , 58 , 55 , 54, 56 , 56, 58 , 47 , 55 , 54, 56 , 56, 57 , 57 , 12 , 54 , 56 , 57 , 53 , 10 , 14, 49 , 49, 65 , 49 , 50 , 50 , 71, 72 , 55 , 57 , 56 , 56 , 47
, 36 , 44 , 42 , 43 , 15 , 10, 55, 57 , 10 , 58 , 41 , 10, 56, 58 , 56, 58 , 55, 56 , 55 , 53
D
, 12 , 51 , 10 , 55 , 47 , 37 , 55 , 54 , 10 , 10, 55, 56, 57 , 12, 57
www.BasicJazzTheory.com
61
, 42 , 22 , 58 , 55 , 55 , 13 , 10, 13, 56, 57 , 57 , 55
, 55
, 10 , 12 , 56, 58 , 53 , 23 , 55 , 10, 56 , 23
I
,8 , 51 , 27 , 28 , 29, 30 , 29, 30 , 30 , 27 , 29, 30 , 27 , 30 , 28, 29 , 22 , 44 , 10
E
, 31, 51 , 10, 55 , 57 , 56 , 72 , 56
M
, 10 , 29 , 65 , 48 , 15, 16, 19, 22, 65 , 67 , 37 , 10 , 55, 56, 57, 58 , 55, 56, 57 , 56 , 27 ,7 , 66 ,9 , 10 , 10, 54, 55, 56, 57 , 49 , 14, 65 , 48 , 37 , 23 , 54, 56 , 21 , 24 , 23 , 22 , 22 , 23 , 23 , 23 , 22 , 57 , 13 , 13 , 13 , 13 , 13 , 13 , 13 , 13 , 13 , 13 , 13
F
,7 , 36 , 15 , 49 , 56, 57
J
, 56 , 47 , 57 , 55 , 55 , 58 , 17
G
, 57 , 14, 47 , 56, 58 , 56 , 56 , 10 ,7 , 53 , 58 , 57 , 55 , 12, 55, 57
, 58 , 57 , 56 , 10 , 56, 58 , 56 , 57 , 57 , 56 , 58 , 10, 55, 56, 58 , 56 , 57 , 10
H
, 56 , 15, 16, 19 , 10 , 55, 56 , 56 , 27 , 27 , 57 , 56 , 10 , 55, 58 , 55, 56
K
, 57 , 58 , 57 , 10 , 55 , 10
L
, 10 , 55, 57 , 57 , 55, 56
62
Book Index
, 13 , 13 , 13 , 13 , 13 ,7 , 13 , 13 , 13 , 13 , 13 , 13 , 13 , 13 , 13 , 13 , 13 , 13 , 13 , 10
, 10 , 55, 56, 57 , 22 , 55 , 57 , 57
, 55 , 56 , 10 , 10 , 10 , 36 , 55 , 57
R
, 55 , 58 , 58 , 56, 57 , 56 , 10 , 10 , 57 , 10 , 55, 56 , 36 , 10 , 56 , 36
, 55, 58 , 55, 56 , 56 , 55 , 55 , 53
U
, 28
V
, 55
N
, 10 , 15 , 65 , 23 , 69, 70 , 57 , 55 , 43
S
, 55 , 55 , 66 , 15, 22 , 23 , 57 , 42 , 15 , 55 , 10 , 55 , 10 , 10 , 57 , 10, 55, 56, 58 , 55 , 10, 55, 57 , 7, 12 ,7 , 49 ,7 , 58 , 57 , 12, 57 , 57 ,7 ,7 , 56
W
, 55 , 55 , 55, 56 , 13 , 13 , 18 , 58 , 10 , 15, 16, 19 , 10 , 56, 58
O
, 16, 19 , 56 , 57, 58
P
, 13 , 54 , 57 , 55, 56, 57, 58 , 57 , 47 , 66 , 28 , 28 , 28 , 28 , 28 , 28 , 28 , 28 , 28 , 55
Y
, 54
T
, 51
www.BasicJazzTheory.com
63
SCALES CHECKLIST
Major/Minor Pentatonic Scales
___C
___8ths ___triplets ___a minor pentatonic ___patterns ___all modes
___Eb
___8ths ___triplets ___c minor pentatonic ___patterns ___all modes
___Gb/F#
___8ths ___triplets ___eb minor pentatonic ___patterns ___all modes
___A
___8ths ___triplets ___f# minor pentatonic ___patterns ___all modes
___F
___8ths ___triplets ___d minor pentatonic ___patterns ___all modes
___Ab
___8ths ___triplets ___f minor pentatonic ___patterns ___all modes
___Cb/B
___8ths ___triplets ___ab minor pentatonic ___patterns ___all modes
___D
___8ths ___triplets ___b minor pentatonic ___patterns ___all modes
___Bb
___8ths ___triplets ___g minor pentatonic ___patterns ___all modes
___Db/C#
___8ths ___triplets ___bb minor pentatonic ___patterns ___all modes
___E
___8ths ___triplets ___c# minor pentatonic ___patterns ___all modes
___G
___8ths ___triplets ___e minor pentatonic ___patterns ___all modes
Blues Scales
___C
___8ths ___triplets ___16ths ___patterns ___all modes
___Eb
___8ths ___triplets ___16ths ___patterns ___all modes
___Gb/F#
___8ths ___triplets ___16ths ___patterns ___all modes
___A
___8ths ___triplets ___16ths ___patterns ___all modes
___F
___8ths ___triplets ___16ths ___patterns ___all modes
___Ab
___8ths ___triplets ___16thspatterns ___all modes
___Cb/B
___8ths ___triplets ___16ths ___patterns ___all modes
___D
___8ths ___triplets ___16ths ___patterns ___all modes
___Bb
___8ths ___triplets ___16ths ___patterns ___all modes
___Db/C#
___8ths ___triplets ___16ths ___patterns ___all modes
___E
___8ths ___triplets ___16ths ___patterns ___all modes
___G
___8ths ___triplets ___16ths ___patterns ___all modes
Find more Free resources at: www.BasicJazzTheory.com
64
Book Index
S CALE P RACTICE
A PPENDIX S UPPLEMENT
General Info About These Scales
www.BasicJazzTheory.com
65
A Word on Memorization
Scale Pattern Suggestions
Pentatonics
66
Index: Scales
Pattern Name
Pattern
Major Scales
www.BasicJazzTheory.com
67
Major Scales (flat keys continued)
68
Index: Scales
Natural Minor Scales
www.BasicJazzTheory.com
69
Natural Minor Scales
70
Index: Scales
Blues Scales
www.BasicJazzTheory.com
71
Blues Scales
A Note on Enharmonics
72
Index: Scales
middle C is the C in the middle of your keyboard. Middle C as written in treble and bass clef looks like this:
A# Bb
C# Db
D# Eb
F# G
G# Ab
A# Bb
C# Db
D# Eb
F# Gb
G# Ab
A# Bb
A B C D E F G A B C D E F G A B
Cycle of Fourths/Fifths (Major)
1b no sharps or flats 1# 2# cycle of 4ths cycle of 5ths 3#
2b
3b
4b
4#
5b / 7# 6b / 6#
7b / 5#
Guitar Fretboard
6 5 4 3 2 1
E
F
B
C
E
F
A#/Bb D#/Eb G#/Ab
F#/Gb
C#/Db F#/Gb
A#/Bb
G#/Ab C#/Db F#/Gb
D#/Eb G#/Ab
A#/Bb D#/Eb G#/Ab C#/Db
A#/Bb
Cycle of Fourths/Fifths (natural minor)
1b no sharps or flats 1# 2# cycle of 4ths cycle of 5ths 3#
F#/Gb
A#/Bb D#/Eb
2b
C#/Db F#/Gb
G#/Ab C#/Db
3b
4b
4#
D#/Eb G#/Ab C#/Db F#/Gb A#/Bb D#/Eb
5b / 7# 6b/6#
7b/5 #
