DRUG
CLASSIFICATI ON/ MECHANISM OF ACTION
Classification: Therapeutic: hormones Pharmacolog ic: oxytocics Mechanism of action: Stimulates uterine smooth muscle, producing uterine contractions similar to those in spontaneous labor Stimulates mammary gland smooth muscle, facilitating lactation Has vasopressor and antidiuretic effects
INDICATIONS/ CONTRAINDICA TIONS/ SIDE EFFECTS
Indications: Induction of labor at term Facilitation of uterine contraction at term Facilitation of threatened abortion Postpartum control of bleeding after expulsion of placenta Used to promote let down in lactating women Contraindications: Hypersensitivity Anticipated nonvaginal delivery Pregnancy Side effects: Coma, seizures, fetal intracranial hemorrhage, hypotension, abruption placenta, increased uterine blood
PRINCIPLES OF CARE
TREATMENT
EVALUATION
Oxytocin (Pitocin)
Fetal maturity, presentation , and pelvic adequacy should be assessed prior to administrati on of oxytocin for induction of labor. Assess character, frequency, and duration of uterine contractions . Monitor maternal blood pressure and pulse frequently and fetal heart rate continuously throughout administrati on. This drug occasionally
Advice patient to expect contractions similar to menstrual cramps after administration has started. Advise patient to administer nasal spray 2-3 minutes prior to planned breast feeding.
Onset of effective contraction s Increase in uterine tone Effective letdown reflex
flow, hypersensitivity, hypochloremia, water intoxication
causes water intoxication.
DRUG
CLASSIFICATI ON/ MECHANISM OF ACTION
Classification: Therapeutic: antidotes, vitamins Pharmacolog ic: fat-soluble vitamins Mechanism of action: Required for hepatic synthesis of blood coagulation factors II (prothrombin ), VII, IX, and X
INDICATIONS/ CONTRAINDICA TIONS/ SIDE EFFECTS
Indications: Prevention and treatment of hypoprothrombi nemia Contraindications: Hypersensitivity Hypersensitivity or intolerance to benzyl alcohol Side effects: Gastric upset, flushing, rash, urticarial, hemolytic anemia, erythema, pain at injection site, swelling, allergic reactions, kernicterus
PRINCIPLES OF CARE
TREATMENT
EVALUATION
Phytomenadione (Vitamin K)
Monitor for frank and occult bleeding. Prothrombin time should be monitored prior to and throughout vitamin K therapy to determine response to and need for further therapy.
Instruct patient to take this medication as ordered. Cooking does not destroy substantial amounts of vitamin K. Caution patient to avoid IM injections and activities leading to injury. Advise patient to report any symptoms of unusual bleeding or bruising. Emphasize the importance of frequent laboratory test to monitor coagulation factors. Patients
Prevention of hemorrhagi c disease in the newborn Prevention of spontaneou s bleeding or cessation of leading in patients with hypoprothr ombinemia
receiving vitamin K therapy should be cautioned not to take OTC medications without the advice of health care professional.
DRUG
CLASSIFICATI ON/ MECHANISM OF ACTION
Classification: Therapeutic: antiinfectives Pharmacolog ic: tetracyclines Mechanism of action: Bacteriostati c action against susceptible bacteria Active against gram positive and gram negative bacteria
INDICATIONS/ CONTRAINDICA TIONS/ SIDE EFFECTS
Indications: Prevention and treatment of bacterial eye infections Contraindications: Hypersensitivity Last half of pregnancy unless the benefits outweigh the fetal risks Use with caution in patients with renal insufficiency or hepatic impairment Not recommended for use with
PRINCIPLES OF CARE
TREATMENT
EVALUATION
Terramycin (Oxytetracycli ne)
Assess patient for infection at the beginning and throughout therapy. Obtain specimens for culture and sensitivity before initiating therapy.
This medication is applied to the eye usually 2-4 times a day as ordered. Do not wear contact lenses while using this medication. Advice patient to wash hands first before applying the ointment. Instruct patient to use this medication regularly in order to get the most benefit from it. Advise patient to report signs
Resolution of signs and symptoms of infection
methoxyflurane lactation
Side effects: Irritation, diarrhea, nephrotoxicity, photodermatitis , rashes, superinfection
of superinfection. Instruct patient to notify health care professional if symptoms do not improve within a few days for systemic preparations. Caution patient to use sunscreen and protective clothing to prevent photosensitivity reactions.
DRUG THERAPEUTIC RECORDS
