INTERNATIONAL PRACTICE
HISTORY BACKGROUND DOCUMENT
Fireproofing
IP 14-3-1
Page 1 of 4 Rev. 1
June 2000
BACKGROUND HISTORY DOCUMENTATION FOR CORRESPONDING PARAGRAPHS OF IP 14-3-1 (REV. 1)
S S S S S S S S S
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4.1 4.2 4.3 4.5 4.6 4.7 4.8 4.9 4.10
Provides the fireproofing requirements necessary to prevent equipment failure due to fire exposure based on experience and testing. Defines the quality of concrete/gunite necessary to provide the protection outline in Par. 4.1. Defines the quality of concrete/gunite necessary to provide the protection outline in Par. 4.1. Defines minimum requirements to accept thermal insulation as equivalent to fireproofing based on testing. Defines minimum requirements to accept thermal insulation as equivalent to fireproofing based on testing. To prevent corrosion under insulation. Defines the use of alternative fireproofing materials for lower risk situations. Defines the requirements to assure that the alternative fireproofing materials are acceptable. The application of alternative fireproofing coatings is critical to the performance of the material.
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FIREPROOFING METHODS FOR LOW MELTING POINT MATERIALS S
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4.11
Low melting materials represent higher risk than steel and, therefore, require additional fireproofing methods to withstand the same fire exposure. Plate and frame exchangers represent a higher risk because of the low-melting point gaskets between the plates, and, therefore, a special protective enclosure is required. In addition, the maximum operating temperature for this equipment is limited to 300F.
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4.12
FIREPROOFING MATERIALS AND METHODS FOR ABOVE GROUND WIRING S
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4.13
Operating and maintenance experience has indicated that the external fireproofing of cables is not being properly managed, therefore, fire-rated cable is the preferred alternative. Defines the conditions and testing required to accept alternative fireproofing methods. The capacity of the cable is reduced when operating at higher temperature.
S S
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4.14 4.15
FIREPROOFING MATERIALS AND METHODS FOR ABOVE GROUND WIRING S
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4.16
Defines requirements to assure that motor actuators will perform as designed in a plant fire situation for at least 15 minutes.
STEEL SURFACE PREPARATION AND PRIMER APPLICATION S
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4.17
Defines the surface preparation required to minimize the possibility of CUI and to insure that the alternative fireproofing materials will adhere to the surface.
THIS INFORMATION FOR AUTHORIZED COMPANY USE ONLY EXXON RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING COMPANY FLORHAM PARK, N.J.
IP 14-3-1
Page 2 of 4 Rev. 1
HISTORY BACKGROUND DOCUMENT
Fireproofing
INTERNATIONAL PRACTICE
June 2000
FIREPROOFING APPLICATION - VESSELS
VESSELS AND EQUIPMENT CONSTRUCTED OF LOW MELTING POINT MATERIALS S
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5.1
Low melting materials represent higher risk than steel and, therefore, require fireproofing. This paragraph defines locations where fireproofing is required. Plate and frame exchangers represent a higher risk because of the low-melting point gaskets between the plates, and, therefore, a special protective enclosure is required. This paragraph defines locations where fireproofing is required.
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5.2
STEEL VESSELS S
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5.3
Vessels which have large inventory of flammable liquid and which are not readily accessible for fire fighting require fireproofing to prevent failure due to fire exposure. Multiple vessels have an increased fire risk and passive fire protection (fireproofing) is considered superior. Provides additional fireproofing requirements based on special risk situations.
S S
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5.4 5.5
FIREPROOFING APPLICATION - STRUCTURAL MEMBERS
SUPPORTS FOR VESSELS, INCLUDING PRESSURE STORAGE SPHERES AND SHELL AND TUBE EXCHANGERS S
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6.1
Defines the extent fireproofing should be provided for structural supports to assure that vessels dont fall over andescalate the fire. Clarifies that the major structure has to be fireproofed even when an individual vessels immediate support may not require fireproofing. To permit inspection of the welds in high stress areas. Defines the extent fireproofing is required for various vessel structural supports. The paragraph notes that some structural supports do not need to be fireproofed. These exceptions are based on the philosophy that vessels of small capacity and supported on 12 ins. or less, do not need to be fireproofed because the distance the vessel will fall can be absorbed by the flexibility of the piping attached to the vessel without failure. Failure of the platforms and stairways do not contribute to the severity of a fire and, therefore, do not require to be fireproofed. Defines the requirement for fireproofing the insides of vessel skirts. The insides of vessel skirts only need to be fireproofed in situations where there is more than one skirt opening such that under fire conditions the inside of the skirt will be exposed to the fire due to the chimney effect. To allow adequate cooling to maintain the skirt and/or vessel integrity. To prevent corrosion under insulation.
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6.2
S S
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6.3 6.4
S,C
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6.5
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6.6
S S
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6.7 6.8
SUPPORTS FOR REFRIGERATED STORAGE TANKS AND SPHERES S
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6.9
To prevent the fireproofing from failing due to thermal shock.
SUPPORTS FOR FIRED HEATER AND ASSOCIATED EQUIPMENT S
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6.10
Requires fireproofing of fired heater supports in cases where the fired heater is handling flammable or combustible liquids to avoid additional damage from a split tube fire.
THIS INFORMATION FOR AUTHORIZED COMPANY USE ONLY EXXON RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING COMPANY FLORHAM PARK, N.J.
INTERNATIONAL PRACTICE
HISTORY BACKGROUND DOCUMENT
Fireproofing
IP 14-3-1
Page 3 of 4 Rev. 1
June 2000
[H]
6.11
Restricts the amount of fireproofing on the horizontal support beams in contact with the heater floor to prevent overheating during normal operations. Concern is failure of equipment handling non-flammable materials that may fail if located in a fire hazardous area.
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6.12
SUPPORTS FOR COMPRESSORS S
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6.13
Concern is that elevated compressor supports may fail during exposure to fire.
SUPPORTS FOR PIPERACKS AND PIPES S
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6.14
Experience has indicated that failure of pipe supports has seriously escalated the fires by causing pipe ruptures. Detailed information on fireproofing for various piping support systems are specified. Fireproofing of pipe support structures should be carried to the pipe support level regardless of height, because experience has shown that the lower piperack levels are not sufficient to shield the upper levels from fire exposure within a fire hazardous area. It is usually not cost effective to fireproof pipe supports outside the fire hazardous area. Experience has indicated that failure of pipe supports has seriously escalated the fires by causing pipe ruptures. Detailed information on fireproofing for various piping support systems are specified. Fireproofing of pipe support structures should be carried to the pipe support level regardless of height, because experience has shown that the lower piperack levels are not sufficient to shield the upper levels from fire exposure within a fire hazardous area. It is usually not cost effective to fireproof pipe supports outside the fire hazardous area. Because its difficult to fireproof rod or spring type supports, fireproofed catch beams are used. Experience has indicated that failure of pipe supports has seriously escalated the fires by causing pipe ruptures. Detailed information on fireproofing for various piping support systems are specified. Fireproofing of pipe support structures should be carried to the pipe support level regardless of height, because experience has shown that the lower piperack levels are not sufficient to shield the upper levels from fire exposure within a fire hazardous area. It is usually not cost effective to fireproof pipe supports outside the fire hazardous area. The base case is to fireproof pipe supports regardless of height, however, it is also recognized that fireproofing of elevated supports above 75 ft can be costly hence it is necessary to do a detailed cost benefit/risk analysis of these situations. Failure of the supports of large pipes can result in pipe failures that could escalate the fire. Do not want to impede thermal expansion because it may result in pipe failure. Illustrations outline the extent fireproofing is required for pipe supports in a fire hazardous area to avoid misinterpretation. Defines criteria for fireproofing air-cooled heat exchanger supports so that they dont fail and escalate the fire. Air-fin supports are fireproofed when there is an increased fire risk, like auto-igniting material (above 600F), the air fin is located in a fire hazardous area, or is located above equipment that contains flammable material. Defines extent of fireproofing for the air-fin supports.
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6.15
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6.16
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6.17
S S S
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6.18 6.19 6.20
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6.21
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6.22
FIREPROOFING APPLICATION-ELECTRICAL AND INSTRUMENTATION
S S
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7.1 7.2
To prevent failure of wiring due to fire exposure. Most emergency shutdowns and emergency depressuring systems will have a fail-safe design such that they would actuate in case of fire exposure. However, some installations, such as machinery, do not have fail safe systems. In these cases fireproofing is required to ensure operability during fire exposure.
THIS INFORMATION FOR AUTHORIZED COMPANY USE ONLY EXXON RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING COMPANY FLORHAM PARK, N.J.
IP 14-3-1
Page 4 of 4 Rev. 1
HISTORY BACKGROUND DOCUMENT
Fireproofing
INTERNATIONAL PRACTICE
June 2000
[H]
7.3
EBV(D) valves can be located in a fire hazardous area and require fireproofing to be operable in an emergency. Control devices, such as push buttons, that need to be accessible for non-emergency testing should be fireproofed.
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7.5
Notes: (1) (2) Each paragraph to identify the Purpose Code(s) of the corresponding paragraph number of the applicable International Practice (IP). The symbol [H] is used to denote all History Background Paragraphs which are for INFORMATION ONLY.
THIS INFORMATION FOR AUTHORIZED COMPANY USE ONLY EXXON RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING COMPANY FLORHAM PARK, N.J.
