Mathematics for Australia Year 8 - Homework
CONGRUENCE AND TRANSFORMATIONS (Chapter 17)
CHAPTER 17: CONGRUENCE AND TRANSFORMATIONS
17A TRANSFORMATIONS
5 a Reflect ABC in the: i x-axis
A C -5 5 y B 5 x
ii y-axis.
REMINDER
Under a translation, every point on the figure moves a fixed distance in a given direction.
1 Translate the given figure 5 units left and 2 units down.
-5
b For each reflection in a, state the vertex coordinates of the image. i ii
2 Determine the translation from A to A0 in the following:
REMINDER
A A0
A rotation is a transformation in which every point on the figure is turned through a given angle about a fixed point. The fixed point is called the centre of rotation and is usually labelled O. 6 Rotate the given figure about O through 180 .
O
a Translate ABCD 6 units right and 4 units up.
5 y
-5 B A D
C -5
7
5
b State the vertex coordinates of the image.
-5 A B C -5 5 x
4 Reflect the following figure in the mirror line given:
m
a State the vertex coordinates of ABCD. b Rotate the figure 270 clockwise about O. c State the vertex coordinates of the image.
1 100
CONGRUENCE AND TRANSFORMATIONS (Chapter 17)
17B CONGRUENT FIGURES
Mathematics for Australia Year 8 - Homework
4 Show that A is congruent to B by transforming A to B in a single transformation.
5 y
REMINDER
Two figures are congruent if one figure lies exactly on top of the other after a combination of translations, rotations, and reflections. 1 Are the following pairs of figures congruent? a
B -5 A -5 5 x
5 Show that A is congruent to B by transforming A to B in a combination of transformations.
5 y
b
A -5 5
-5
2 Which two of these figures are congruent? A B 6 Are the following pairs of figures congruent? a y
5
3 Quadrilaterals PQRS and WXYZ are congruent.
P Q Y 26 cm R X 58 cm 105 Z 56 58 cm
-5
-5
109 40 cm W
b
5
Determine the: a length of [QR] c perimeter of PQRS. PS b size of Qb
-5
-5
1 101
Mathematics for Australia Year 8 - Homework
17C CONGRUENT TRIANGLES
CONGRUENCE AND TRANSFORMATIONS (Chapter 17)
f
REMINDER
Two triangles are congruent if any one of the following is true: All corresponding sides are equal in length. (SSS) 2 Which of the following triangles is congruent to the one alongside?
112 23 5 cm
Two sides and the included angle are equal. (SAS)
A
45 23 5 cm
112 23 5 cm
Two angles and a pair of corresponding sides are equal. (AAcorS)
C
45 112 23
23 5 cm 112
For right angled triangles, the hypotenuses and one pair of sides are equal. (RHS)
3 The following pairs of triangles are not drawn to scale. Determine whether each pair is congruent. If it is, what else can we deduce about them? a A B 1 State whether these pairs of triangles are congruent, giving reasons for your answers: a
D E C F
b b
R 60 S X 30 30 T Y
70 50 60 60
70 50
d
45 45
H J K
e
30
35
30 35
F L
1 102
CONGRUENCE AND TRANSFORMATIONS (Chapter 17)
d
11 cm A 80 5 cm C B Q 5 cm R 80 11 cm
Mathematics for Australia Year 8 - Homework
b Explain why PR = SQ.
c What property of rectangles has been proven?
P
17D
PROOF USING CONGRUENCE
A
3 The diagonals of parallelogram EFGH meet at P, as shown. F
E P G H
1 Consider the isosceles triangle shown alongside.
a Show that 4EPF = 4GPH.
B M C
a Complete the following: In triangles ABM and ACM: AB = ............... fgiveng
b = ............... = .......... AMB
f......................................................g [AM] is ......................... to both triangles. ) 4ABM = 4ACM f.......................................g
b Explain why EP = GP.
b = ............... Equating corresponding angles, BAM
b What property of isosceles triangles has been proven in a?
c Explain why HP = FP.
d What property of parallelogram has been proven in c and d?
2 Consider the rectangle PQRS.
4 Use congruence to show that the opposite angles of a rhombus are equal in size.
S R D
a Show that 4PQR = 4SRQ.
1 103
Mathematics for Australia Year 8 - Homework
REVIEW OF CHAPTER 17
1 Translate the given figures in the direction indicated. a b
CONGRUENCE AND TRANSFORMATIONS (Chapter 17)
5 Show that A is congruent to B by transforming A to B in a series of transformations:
5 y A
-5 B -5
5 units down
1 unit left and 4 units up
y
2 State the translation that maps A onto B.
5
6 The following pairs of triangles are not drawn to scale. Determine whether each pair is congruent. If it is, what else can we deduce about them? a
B C F A D E
B -5 A -5 5
a Reflect ABCD in the x-axis.
5 A -5 D y B C 5 x R W 70
66
44
66
-5
b State the coordinates of the image vertices.
7 Use congruence to show that the diagonals of a rectangle bisect each other.
4 Rotate A 90 anticlockwise about O.
5 A -5 x y
-5
1 104
