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Understanding Avoidance Strategies

The document discusses communication strategies used by language learners when facing difficulties in the target language. It identifies two main types of avoidance strategies: 1) Topic avoidance, where learners avoid discussing concepts they do not have the language ability for; and 2) Message abandonment, where learners start referring to something but give up due to language difficulties. Compensatory strategies aim to enable communication despite gaps, such as using circumlocution, approximation, general words, or gestures. Prefabricated patterns involve memorizing stock phrases without full understanding.

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418 views3 pages

Understanding Avoidance Strategies

The document discusses communication strategies used by language learners when facing difficulties in the target language. It identifies two main types of avoidance strategies: 1) Topic avoidance, where learners avoid discussing concepts they do not have the language ability for; and 2) Message abandonment, where learners start referring to something but give up due to language difficulties. Compensatory strategies aim to enable communication despite gaps, such as using circumlocution, approximation, general words, or gestures. Prefabricated patterns involve memorizing stock phrases without full understanding.

Uploaded by

Hà Thu Vân
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Avoidance Strategies 1. Message abandonment: Leaving a message unfinished because of language difficulties. 2.

2. Topic avoidance: Avoiding topic areas or concepts that pose language difficulties. Compensatory Strategies 3. Circumlocution: Describing or e emplif!ing the target ob"ect of action #e.g. the thing !ou open bottles $ith for cor%scre$&. '. Appro imation: (sing an alternative term $hich e presses the meaning of the target le ical item as closel! as possible #e.g. ship for sailboat&. ). (se of all*purpose $ords: + tending a general, empt! le ical item to conte ts $here specific $ords are lac%ing #e.g., the overuse of thing, stuff, $hat*do*!ou call-it, thingie&. .. /ord coinage: Creating a none isting L2 $ord based on a supposed rule #e.g., vegetarianist for vegetarian&. 0. 1refabricated patterns: (sing memori2ed stoc% phrases, usuall! for 3survival4 purposes #e.g., /here is the 555 or Comment alle2-vous6, $here the morphological components are not %no$n to the learner&. 7. 8onlinguistic signals: Mime, gesture, facial e pression, or sound imitation. 9. Literal translation: Translating literall! a le ical item, idiom, compound $ord, or structure from L1 to L2. 1:. ;oreigni2ing: (sing a L1 $ord b! ad"usting it to L2 phonolog! #i.e., $ith a L2 pronunciation& and<or morpholog! #e.g., adding to it a L2 suffi &. 11. Code*s$itching: (sing a L1 $ord $ith L1 pronunciation or a L3 $ord $ith L3 pronunciation $hile spea%ing in L2. 12. Appeal for help: As%ing for aid from the interlocutor either directl! #e.g., /hat do !ou call=6& or indirectl! #[Link] intonation, pause, e!e contact, pu22led e pression&. 13. >talling or time*gaining strategies: (sing fillers or hesitation devices to fill pauses and to gain time to thin% #e.g., $ell, no$, let?s see, uh, as a matter of fact&.

Communication strategies pertain to the emplo!ment of verbal or nonverbal mechanisms for the productive communication of information. ;aerch and %asper#1973a:3.& defined communication strategies as 3potentiall! conscious plans for solving $hat to an individual presents itself as a problem in reaching a particular communicative goal Avoidance is a common communication strateg! that can be bro%en do$n into several subcategories. The most common t!pe of avoidance strateg! is syntactic or lexical avoidance $ithin a semantic categor!. A more direct t!pe of avoidance is topic avoidance, in $hich a $hole topic of conversation might be avoided entirel!. + ample: @ lost m! road Aou lost !our road6 (h,=@ lost. @ got lost.

Prefabricated patterns is the memori2ation of certain stoc% phrases or sentences $ithout internali2ed %no$ledge of their components

Topic Avoidance Avoiding reference to a salient ob"ect for $hich learner does not have necessar! vocabular! Message Abandonment The learner begins to refer to an ob"ect but gives up because it is too difficult

Topic Avoidance 8>:... Do !ou ah... do !ou consider !ourself ah... part of the.. $hat the! call the ne$ breed of Bapanese !oung people. 88>:(n.. !es, @ thin% so, but.. @ am the... bet$een.. ne$ generation and old people6 so called old people. 8>:(m.. 88>:(n. 8>:Co$ do !ou mean bet$een. 88>:(n... cause... #pause& ah... @ thi*... /hatDs $hatDs the ne$ generationDs idea, do !ou thin%6

Message Abandonment A:(mmm ... $h! is it called Crater La%e. E:/h! ... called6 A:/h! is it called Crater La%e. E:Ah ... @Dm not sure but ... the ..ma!be in the first ... (m ... crater means the .... Ah ... @ donDt %no$ ho$ to e plain ... #laugh&

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