NEL 441 Chapter Review
Q: How can I solve a quadratic equation algebraically?
A: Write the equation in standard form:
ax
2
1 bx 1 c 5 0
Then determine the roots of the equation by factoring or by using the
quadratic formula.
Factoring
If the expression
ax
2
1 bx 1 c is factorable, then
the equation ax
2
1 bx 1 c 5 0
is true when either of the factors
is equal to 0.
For example:
2x
2
1 2x 5 5x 1 20
2x
2
2 3x 2 20 5 0
(2x 1 5)(x 2 4) 5 0
2x 1 5 5 0 or x 2 4 5 0
2x 5 25 x 5 4
x 5 2
5
2
The roots are
2
5
2
and 4
Using the quadratic formula
x 5
2b 6 "b
2
2 4ac
2a
For example:
3x
2
2 4x 2 5 5 0
a 5 3, b 5 24, and c 5 25
Substitute these values into the
quadratic formula.
x 5
21242 6 " 1242
2
2 4132 1252
2132
x 5
4 6 "76
6
The radicand is positive, so the
equation has a solution.
x 5
4 1 "76
6
or x 5
4 2 "76
6
The roots are
2 1 "19
3
and
2 2 "19
3
7 Chapter Review
Study Aid
See Lessons 7.5, Examples 1,
4, and 5, and 7.7, Examples
1, 3, and 4.
Try Chapter Review
Questions 8 and 13.
NEL 442 Chapter 7 Quadratic Functions and Equations
For example: Sketch the graph of the following quadratic function:
y 5 7(x 2 4)
2
1 10
The vertex is at (4, 10). Determine the coordinates of the
vertex, (h, k).
y 5 7[(5) 2 4]
2
1 10
y 5 7(1)
2
1 10
y 5 17
One other point on the
graph is (5, 17).
Locate one other point on the
function by substituting a value for
x into the equation. In this example,
substitute 5 for x because the
calculation is easy to check.
Another point on the graph
is (3, 17), because 3 is the
same distance from 4 as 5
is. (Another way of looking
at this is that
(x 2 4)
2
5 1 when x is 5
and when x is 3.)
Apply symmetry to the first located
point. In this example, the vertical
line of symmetry is x 5 4.
-2
0
2 4 6 8
-20
20
40
60
80
x
(4, 10)
(5, 17)
(3, 17)
y 7(x 4)
2
10
Connect the three points with a
smooth curve.
Q. When using a quadratic model, how do you decide whether
you should determine the vertex of the parabola or solve a
quadratic equation?
A. If you want to determine a maximum or minimum value, then you
should locate the vertex of the function. If you are given a specific
value for the dependent variable (any number, including 0), then
you should solve the corresponding quadratic equation by graphing,
factoring, or using the quadratic formula.
Study Aid
See Lesson 7.8, Examples
1 to 4.
Try Chapter Review
Questions 14 to 17.
Q: How can you graph a quadratic function in vertex form,
y 5 a(x 2 h)
2
1 k?
A: Use the information provided by the form of the quadratic equation.
Study Aid
See Lesson 7.6, Examples
1 and 2.
Try Chapter Review
Question 9.
NEL 443 Chapter Review
PRACTISING
Lesson 7.1
1. Graph the following quadratic functions
without using technology.
a) f (x) 5 x
2
2 6x 1 8
b) g(x) 5 22(x 1 1)(x 2 3)
c) h(x) 5 0.5(x 1 4)
2
2 2
Lesson 7.2
2. The points (22, 241) and (6, 241) are on
the following quadratic function:
f (x) 5 23x
2
1 12x 2 5
Determine the vertex of the function.
3. In the photograph, the fisherman is holding his
fishing rod 0.5 m above the water. The fishing
rod reaches its maximum height 1.5 m above
and 1 m to the left of his hand.
a) Determine the quadratic function that
describes the arc of the fishing rod. Assume
that the y-axis passes through the fishermans
hand and the x-axis is at water level.
b) State the domain and range for the function
that models the fishing rod.
Lesson 7.3
4. Solve by graphing.
a) 6x
2
2 13x 1 6 5 0
b) 25x
2
2 8x 1 3 5 0
c) 4n
2
1 1 5 n 1 3
d) c
2
2 38c 1 340 5 3c
2
2 96c 1 740
Lesson 7.4
5. a) Rewrite the following quadratic function in
factored form:
f (x) 5 2x
2
2 12x 1 10
b) Identify the zeros of the function, and
determine the equation of the axis of
symmetry of the parabola it defines.
c) State the domain and range of the function.
d) Graph the function.
6. Determine the x-intercepts of the graph of this
quadratic function:
f (x) 5 2x
2
2 5x 2 12
7. Determine the vertex of the parabola that is
defined by each quadratic function. Explain
your process.
a) f (x) 5 3x
2
2 6x 1 5
b) g(x) 5 21(x 1 2)(x 1 3)
Lesson 7.5
8. Solve by factoring. Verify each solution.
a) s
2
2 7s 2 60 5 0
b) 2a
2
1 10a 1 12 5 0
c) 16d
2
2 169 5 0
d) 3x
2
2 2x 5 81 2 2x 2 x
2
Lesson 7.6
9. a) State the direction of opening of the
parabola that is defined by the following
quadratic function:
y 5 2(x 2 3)
2
2 7
b) Provide the equation of the axis of symmetry and
the coordinates of the vertex of the parabola.
c) State the domain and range of the function.
d) Sketch the parabola.
NEL 444 Chapter 7 Quadratic Functions and Equations
10. Determine the quadratic function with zeros
of 24 and 22, if the point (21, 29) is also on
the graph of this function.
11. Determine the quadratic function that defines
the parabola that has a vertex at (3, 25) and
passes through (21, 29).
12. The High Level Bridge in Edmonton is the
source of the Great Divide Waterfall, which is
open to the public on holiday weekends in the
summer. The water falls a vertical distance of
45 m from the bridge and reaches the North
Saskatchewan River 10 m horizontally from
the base of the bridge. Determine a quadratic
function that models the path of the water.
Lesson 7.7
13. Solve by using the quadratic formula.
a) 117x
2
2 307x 1 176 5 0
b) f
2
1 2f 2 2 5 0
c) 7h
2
1 6h 5 5
d) 6x
2
1 8x 1 4 5 0
Lesson 7.8
14. Determine three consecutive positive odd
integers, if the sum of the squares of the first
two integers is 15 less than the square of the
third integer.
15. A right triangle has a perimeter of 120 cm.
One side of the triangle is 24 cm long.
Determine the length of the other side and the
length of the hypotenuse.
16. On the 13th hole of a golf course, Saraya hits
her tee shot to the right of the fairway. Saraya
estimates that she now has 130 yd to reach the
front of the green. However, she needs to clear
some pine trees that are 40 yd from the green.
The trees are about 10 yd high. Determine two
different quadratic equations that model the
flight of a golf ball over the trees and onto the
green. Write one of your functions in factored
form and the other in standard form.
17. A fishing boat leaves a dock at noon and travels
due west at 40 km/h. A second boat leaves the
same dock 20 min later and travels due south at
51 km/h. At what time, to the nearest minute,
will the two boats be 116 km apart?
