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Oxidation Ditch Design Criteria A DB

The oxidation ditch (OD) process subjects wastewater to an extended aeration period without primary sedimentation tanks. The ditch is constructed as an endless channel fitted with aerators to mix wastewater and activated sludge. A final sedimentation tank separates mixed liquor solids from the treated effluent. While the OD process effectively treats organic matter, it provides poor removal of microorganisms like fecal coliform. Tertiary treatment like disinfection is required to meet regulatory limits for fecal coliform in the effluent. Chlorination and maturation ponds are common disinfection methods, with ponds being preferred where land is available.

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817 views2 pages

Oxidation Ditch Design Criteria A DB

The oxidation ditch (OD) process subjects wastewater to an extended aeration period without primary sedimentation tanks. The ditch is constructed as an endless channel fitted with aerators to mix wastewater and activated sludge. A final sedimentation tank separates mixed liquor solids from the treated effluent. While the OD process effectively treats organic matter, it provides poor removal of microorganisms like fecal coliform. Tertiary treatment like disinfection is required to meet regulatory limits for fecal coliform in the effluent. Chlorination and maturation ponds are common disinfection methods, with ponds being preferred where land is available.

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ngocdungmt
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© © All Rights Reserved
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OxidationDitch(OD)DesignConsiderationsExcerptfromSmallTownsandRuralAridAreasWater

SupplyandSanitationProject(ADBTA4853SRI),FinalReport,Annex1UrbanWaterSupplyand
SanitationTechnicalStandardsandOptions,InassociationwithIDPConsultInc.,March2008.

ProcessDesignandPhysicalConsiderations

TheOxidationDitchprocessisaversionoftheactivatedsludgeprocessinwhichthe
[Link]
notrequired,butscreeningandgritremovaloftherawwastewatershouldbeincludedto
[Link]
neededforthemixedliquorthatcomesfromtheaerationditchtoseparateoutthesludge.
Theclarifiedeffluentfromthesedimentationtankisthetreatedeffluentfromtheditch
[Link],theeffluent
usuallyrequiredtertiarytreatmentfordisinfectionbeforefinaldisposal.

Theditchisconstructedintheformofanendlesschannelfittedwithmechanical
[Link].
Itisnormaltoconstructtheditchinreinforcedconcrete,butsimpler,lessexpensive
optionscanbeconsideredtosuitlocalconditions.Thestandardwidthofchannelis2.0to
[Link]
allowmaintenancetobecarriedout,butthevolumeoftheanticipated2030flowsfromthe
[Link]
providetherequiredretentionvolumeinasingleditchchannel.

Theaeratorsprovidethenecessaryoxygenfortreatment,mixtheactivatedsludge
withtheincomingrawwastewater,[Link]
[Link]
arebrushrotorsfittedonahorizontalaxis.

Thefinalsedimentationtankisnormallyacircular,radialflowtankconstructedin
[Link]
[Link]
withdrawnfromthesedimentationtankisreturnedtotheaerationditchasactivatedsludge,
whiletheexcesssludgedisposedof.

Theextendedlengthofaerationintheditchprovideseffectiveoxidationoftheorganic
[Link]
[Link],itisnormaltothicken
[Link]
reducesthevolumeofthesludgethathastobedriedand,hence,reducestheareaofdrying
bedsthatareneeded.

DesignParameters

Thedesignparametersthatareusedforthedesignofanaerationditchsystemare
[Link]
[Link]
ofcommonvaluesforthemostrelevantdesignparametersareshownonthefollowingtable.

ParameterUnitRange

SludgeLoading(F:M)Factor kgBOD/kgMLSS0.050.15
MLSSmg/l 2,0005,000
RecycleRatio 0.751.50
RetentionatADWF Hours2448
BODRemoval% 9095
SludgeAgeDays 1220
Sludgeproduction kgDS/kgBOD/d0.70.8
OxygenRequirement kgO2/kgBOD/d1.82.2

TreatmentEfficiency

Anoxidationditchsystemcouldprovideaneffluentthatcanreliablycomplywith
[Link]
mostsignificantexceptionisthefecalcoliform(FC)[Link]
treatmentplantsarenotdesignedforthereductionorremovalofmicroorganisms,the
efficiencyoftheremovaloffecalcoliformsinanoxidationditchsystemisverypoor.

InordertocomplywiththeFCcriteriaintheproposedCEARegulations,theeffluent
fromanoxidationditchwouldneedtobegiventertiarytreatmentintheformofdisinfection.
Disinfectionistheprocessofthereductionofpathogensofconcerntohumansandanimals
[Link]
generallyconsideredforuseconsistofchemicalmethods(chlorine,chlorinedioxideand
ozone),physicalmethods(UVirradiationandmembranemicrofiltration),andbiological
methods(ponds).

Inrelationtospecificdisinfectionmethodsanumberofconclusionshavebeen
[Link],theeffectivenessofchlorinefortheinactivationof
viruses,helminthsandprotozoaislowerthanforbacteriaanddependstoalargeextenton
havingtheappropriateconditions,[Link],adequatechlorinecontacttime,andlow
[Link]
bacteriaandviruses,buthasyettobefullyassessedforinactivationofprotozoaand
helminths.Maturationpondswith34pondsinseries,givinganoverallretentiontimeofat
leasttwentydays,willnotentirelyeradicatefecalcoliforms,butwillreducetheirnumbersto
[Link]
levels.

Wherethereisinsufficientlandavailablefortheconstructionofmaturationponds,the
mostcommonlyuseddisinfectionmethodischlorination.

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