NCCI: Elastic critical moment for lateral torsional buckling
SN003b-EN-EU
14
NCCI: Elastic critical moment for lateral torsional buckling
on
23
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/2 0
This NCCI gives the expression of the elastic critical moment for doubly symmetric crosssections. Values of the factors involved in the calculation are given for common cases. For
a beam under a uniformly distributed load with end moments or a concentrated load at
mid-span with end moments, the values for the factors are given in graphs.
General
2.
Method for doubly symmetric sections
3.
C1 and C2 factors
4.
References
2
2
4
12
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l. L
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Contents
Page 1
NCCI: Elastic critical moment for lateral torsional buckling
SN003b-EN-EU
General
14
1.
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For doubly symmetric cross-sections, the elastic critical moment Mcr may be calculated by the
method given in paragraph 2.
on
23
For cases not covered by the method given in paragraph 2, the elastic critical moment may be
determined by a buckling analysis of the beam provided that the calculation accounts for all
the parameters liable to affect the value of Mcr :
.co
m
geometry of the cross-section
warping rigidity
ail
position of the transverse loading with regard to the shear centre
gm
restraint conditions
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The LTBeam software is specific software for the calculation of the critical moment Mcr. It
may be downloaded free of charge from the following web site:
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http://www.cticm.com
Method for doubly symmetric sections
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np
2.
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The method given hereafter only applies to uniform straight members for which the crosssection is symmetric about the bending plane.
ed
The conditions of restraint at each end are at least :
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ns
restrained against lateral movement
restrained against rotation about the longitudinal axis
ria
l. L
The elastic critical moment may be calculated from the following formula derived from the
buckling theory :
2 EI z k I w kL GI t
2
M cr C1
2
C2 zg C2 zg
2
kL k w I z EI z
at
e
is the shear modulus (G = 80770 N/mm2)
Co
is the Young modulus (E = 210000 N/mm2)
py
rig
ht
where
ed
(1)
Iz
is the second moment of area about the weak axis
It
is the torsion constant
Iw
is the warping constant
Page 2
NCCI: Elastic critical moment for lateral torsional buckling
SN003b-EN-EU
is the beam length between points which have lateral restraint
23
Note : for doubly symmetric sections, the shear centre coincides with the centroid.
/2 0
is the distance between the point of load application and the shear centre.
/0 1
zg
14
k and kw are effective length factors
on
C1 and C2 are coefficients depending on the loading and end restraint conditions (see 3).
ail
.co
m
The factor k refers to end rotation on plan. It is analogous to the ratio of the buckling length to
the system length for a compression member. k should be taken as not less than 1,0 unless less
than 1,0 can be justified.
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gm
The factor kw refers to end warping. Unless special provision for warping fixity is made, kw
should be taken as 1,0.
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In the general case zg is positive for loads acting towards the shear centre from their point of
application (Figure 2.1).
to
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ed
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np
zg < 0
l. L
zg > 0
Point of application of the transverse load
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at
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Figure 2.1
Page 3
NCCI: Elastic critical moment for lateral torsional buckling
SN003b-EN-EU
L2GI t
2
C2 zg C2 zg
2
EI z
/0 1
I z
(2)
on
L2
23
2 EI z I w
M cr C1
/2 0
14
In the common case of normal support conditions at the ends (fork supports), k and kw are
taken equal to 1.
ail
(3)
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L2
I w L2GI t
I z 2 EI z
gm
2 EI z
M cr C1
.co
m
When the bending moment diagram is linear along a segment of a member delimited by
lateral restraints, or when the transverse load is applied in the shear centre, C2 zg = 0. The
latter expression should be simplified as follows :
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For doubly symmetric I-profiles, the warping constant Iw may be calculated as follows :
I h t f
Iw z
4
(4)
np
er
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ra
where
is the total depth of the cross-section
tf
is the flange thickness
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ed
to
C1 and C2 factors
3.1
General
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3.
at
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ria
The C1 and C2 factors depend on various parameters :
section properties,
ed
support conditions,
py
rig
ht
moment diagram
It can be demonstrated that the C1 and C2 factors depend on the ratio :
EI w
Co
GI t L2
(5)
The values given in this document have been calculated with the assumption that = 0. This
assumption leads to conservative values of C1.
Page 4
NCCI: Elastic critical moment for lateral torsional buckling
SN003b-EN-EU
3.2
Member with end moments only
on
23
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14
The factor C1 may be determined from Table 3.1 for a member with end moment loading.
.co
m
gm
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-1 +1
Member with end moments
Table 3.1
Values of C1 for end moment loading (for k = 1)
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Figure 3.1
C1
+1,00
1,00
+0,75
1,14
+0,50
1,31
+0,25
1,52
0,00
1,77
-0,25
2,05
-0,50
2,33
ria
l. L
ice
ns
ed
to
go
ra
np
at
e
-0,75
2,55
Co
py
rig
ht
ed
-1,00
2,57
Page 5
NCCI: Elastic critical moment for lateral torsional buckling
SN003b-EN-EU
3.3
Member with transverse loading
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14
Table 3.2 gives values of C1 and C2 for some cases of a member with transverse loading,
Bending moment diagram
C1
C2
on
Loading and support
conditions
23
Values of factors C1 and C2 for cases with transverse loading (for k = 1)
.co
m
Table 3.2
0,454
2,578
1,554
1,348
0,630
1,683
1,645
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np
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gm
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1,127
Member with end moments and transverse loading
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3.4
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Note : the critical moment Mcr is calculated for the section with the maximal moment along the member
l. L
For combined loading of end moments and transverse loads as shown in Figure 3.2, values of
C1 and C2 may be obtained from the curves given hereafter. Two cases are considered:
at
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ria
Case a) end moments with a uniformly distributed load
Case b) end moments with a concentrated load at mid-span
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The moment distribution may be defined using two parameters :
py
rig
ht
is the ratio of end moments. By definition, M is the maximum end moment, and so :
-1 1 ( = 1 for a uniform moment)
Co
is the ratio of the moment due to transverse load to the maximum end moment M
Case a)
qL2
8M
Page 6
NCCI: Elastic critical moment for lateral torsional buckling
SN003b-EN-EU
14
FL
4M
/2 0
Case b)
/0 1
Sign convention for :
if M and the transverse load (q or F), each supposed acting alone, bend the
beam in the same direction (e.g. as shown in the figure below)
<0
otherwise
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23
>0
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gm
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The values of C1 and C2 have been determined for k = 1 and kw = 1.
L
(b)
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L
(a)
End moments with a transverse load
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py
rig
ht
ed
at
e
ria
l. L
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ns
ed
to
go
ra
Figure 3.2
Page 7
14
NCCI: Elastic critical moment for lateral torsional buckling
SN003b-EN-EU
3.0
/0 1
/2 0
C1
on
23
2.5
.co
m
2.0
gm
0,1
0,2
0,3
ail
1.5
1.4
0,4
0,5
a@
0,6
1.3
0,7
0,8
1
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1,2
1.2
1,5
1.0
-0.8
-0.6
-0.4
-0.2
0.2
0.4
0.8
>0
to
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0.6
np
-1
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1.1
-1,1
ed
5.0
C1
-0,9
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ns
4.5
-1
4.0
l. L
3.5
-0,8
-0,7
-0,6
-0,5
ria
3.0
-0,4
-0,3
at
e
2.5
ed
1.5
1.0
-1,4
-0.8
-0.6
-0.4
-0.2
-1,6
-1,7
-1,8
0.2
0.4
M
0.6
0.8
<0
Co
py
rig
-1,5
-2
ht
-1
-1,3
-0,1
2.0
-1,2
-0,2
Figure 3.3
End moments and uniformly distributed load Factor C1
Page 8
14
NCCI: Elastic critical moment for lateral torsional buckling
SN003b-EN-EU
/2 0
0.5
/0 1
C2
0.4
23
2
1,5
on
1,2
0.3
0,9
0,8
0,7
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m
0,6
0,5
0.2
0,4
ail
0,3
0,2
gm
0.1
a@
0,1
0.0
-0.8
-0.6
-0.4
-0.2
0.2
0.4
np
er
>0
0.8
ov
0.6
icv
-1
ra
2.5
-1,2
go
C2
-1,1
to
2.0
ed
-1,6
-1,3
-0,8
-1,8
-2
at
e
0.0
-0.8
-0.6
-1
py
rig
ht
ed
Co
Figure 3.4
-0,7
-0,6
-0,5
ria
0.5
-1,5
-1,7
l. L
1.0
-1,4
-0,9
ice
ns
1.5
-1
-0,4
-0,3
-0,2
-0,1
-0.4
-0.2
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
<0
End moments and uniformly distributed load Factor C2
Page 9
14
NCCI: Elastic critical moment for lateral torsional buckling
SN003b-EN-EU
/2 0
3.0
/0 1
C1
on
23
2.5
.co
m
2.0
0,5
0,4
0,3
0,2
0,1
1.4
gm
0,6
ail
1.5
a@
0,7
0,8
1.3
2
icv
1,5
0,9
1,2
1
1.1
er
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1.2
-0.8
-0.6
-0.4
-0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
to
go
>0
ed
0.2
ra
-1
0,2
0,1
np
1.0
ice
ns
4.0
C1
-1,1
-0,9
-0,7
-0,6
at
e
-0,5
-0,4
-1,5
-0,2
-1,6
-0,1
-1,7
-1,8
ed
2.0
-1,3
-1,4
-0,3
2.5
-2
py
rig
ht
1.5
-0,8
ria
3.0
-1,2
-1
l. L
3.5
1.0
-1
-0.8
-0.6
-0.4
-0.2
Co
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
<0
Figure 3.5
End moments and point load at mid-span Factor C1
Page 10
14
NCCI: Elastic critical moment for lateral torsional buckling
SN003b-EN-EU
0.5
C2
/2 0
0.4
/0 1
2
1,5
23
1,2
1
0,9
0,8
0.3
on
0,7
0,6
.co
m
0,5
0.2
0,4
ail
0,3
gm
0,2
0.1
0,1
-0.8
-0.6
-0.4
-0.2
0.2
0.4
er
>0
np
0.8
ov
0.6
icv
-1
a@
0.0
ra
2.5
go
C2
to
2.0
-1,2
-1,4
-1,6
-1,3
-1,8
-1,5
ed
-1,7
-2
ice
ns
1.5
-0,9
-0,8
l. L
1.0
-0,7
-0,6
-0,5
at
e
ria
0.5
0.0
-0.8
-0.6
-1
-0,4
-0,3
-0,2
-0,1
-0.4
-0.2
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
py
rig
ht
ed
-1,1
-1
Co
Figure 3.6
<0
End moments and point load at mid-span Factor C2
Page 11
NCCI: Elastic critical moment for lateral torsional buckling
SN003b-EN-EU
ENV 1993-1-1
/2 0
References
14
4.
23
/0 1
Eurocode 3 : Design of steel structures Part 1.1 : General rules and rules for buildings.
European Committee for Standardisation.
Timoshenko, S.P. and Gere, J. M.
.co
m
on
Theory of elastic stability. 2nd Edition. Mc Graw-Hill. 1961.
Djalaly, H.
Gala, Y.
gm
ail
Calcul de la rsistance ultime au dversement dans le cas de la flexion dvie. Revue
Construction Mtallique n3-1974. CTICM.
Co
py
rig
ht
ed
at
e
ria
l. L
ice
ns
ed
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np
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icv
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Dversement lastique dune poutre section bi-symtrique soumise des moments dextrmit
et une charge repartee ou concentre. Revue Construction Mtallique n2-2002. CTICM.
Page 12
NCCI: Elastic critical moment for lateral torsional buckling
SN003b-EN-EU
/0 1
/2 0
14
Quality Record
RESOURCE TITLE
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NCCI: Elastic critical moment for lateral torsional buckling
on
Reference(s)
ORIGINAL DOCUMENT
Company
Created by
Alain Bureau
CTICM
Technical content checked by
Yvan Gala
CTICM
Editorial content checked by
D C Iles
SCI
Date
2/3/05
SCI
1/3/05
CTICM
1/3/05
SBI
1/3/05
RWTH
1/3/05
Labein
1/3/05
SCI
21/4/06
G W Owens
2. France
A Bureau
3. Sweden
A Olsson
4. Germany
C Mueller
5. Spain
J Chica
go
ra
np
er
ov
1. UK
Resource approved by Technical
Coordinator
icv
a@
Technical content endorsed by the
following STEEL Partners:
gm
ail
.co
m
Name
to
G W Owens
ed
TRANSLATED DOCUMENT
ice
ns
This Translation made and checked by:
l. L
Translated resource approved by:
Co
py
rig
ht
ed
at
e
ria
Corrigendum 2010-10-12: Figure 3.4 Labels corrected (for curves 1.1 to 1.9)
Page 13
NCCI: Elastic critical moment for lateral torsional buckling
SN003b-EN-EU
NCCI: Elastic critical moment for lateral torsional buckling
23
Title*
/0 1
/2 0
14
Wrapper Information
on
Series
This NCCI gives the expression of the elastic critical moment for doubly symmetric crosssections. Values of the factors involved in the calculation are given for common cases. For a
beam under a uniformly distributed load with end moments or a concentrat
Access Level*
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ail
.co
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P:\CMP\CMP554\Finalization\SN files\003\SN003b-EN-EU.doc
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03/02/2005
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Checked By
Alain Bureau, CTICM
Yvan Gala, CTICM
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ra
go
ice
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ed
to
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Lateral Torsional Buckling
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at
e
ria
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ed
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rig
ht
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