Rack and Pinion Drive Calculation and Selection
Chapter
Racks Helical
m = 1.5
m=2
m=3
m=4
m=5
m=6
m=8
m = 10
m = 12
ZA-30
ZA-31
ZA-32
ZA-33
ZA-34
ZA-35
ZA-36
ZA-37
ZA-38
Racks Straight
m=1
m = 1.5
m=2
m = 2.5
m=3
m=4
m=5
m=6
m=8
m = 10
m = 12
ZB-36
ZB-37
ZB-38
ZB-39
ZB-40
ZB-41
ZB-42
ZB-43
ZB-44
ZB-45
ZB-46
Integrated Racks
m=2
m=3
m=4
p = 5 mm
p = 10 mm
p = 13.33 mm
ZC-15
ZC-16
ZC-17
ZC-18
ZC-19
ZC-20
Calculation, Instruction
Calculation Example
ZD-2
Travelling Operation
Lifting Operation
Actual size of modular gearing according to DIN 867
1/2012
Dimensions in mm
ZD-3
ZD-4
ZD-5
ZD 1
Rack and Pinion Drive Calculation and Selection
The values given in the load table are based upon uniform, smooth operation, KH=1.0 and reliable grease lubrication. Since,
in practice, the applications are very diverse, it is important to consider the given conditions by using appropriate factors SB,
KA, LKH and fn (see below).
Formulas for Determining the Tangential Force
a
= t
b
[m/s]
Fu
= m g + m a (for lifting axle)
1000
[kN]
= m g + m a (for driving axle) [kN]
1000
Fu Tab
Fu perm. =
[kN]
KA SB fn LKH
Fu
Formula dimensions see page ZD-3
The Condition Fu < Fu perm. Must be Fullled.
Load Factor KA
Drive
Type of load from the machines to be driven
Uniform
Medium Shocks Heavy Shocks
Uniform
1.00
1.25
1.75
Light Shocks
1.25
1.50
2.00
Medium Shocks
1.50
1.75
2.25
Safety Coefcient SB
The safety coefcient should be allowed for according to experience (SB = 1.1 to 1.4).
Life-Time Factor fn
considering of the peripheral speed of the pinion and lubrication.
Lubrication
Peripheral Speed
of Gearing
m/sec
m/min
0.5
30
1.0
60
1.5
90
2.0
120
3.0
180
5.0
300
Continuous Daily
0.85
0.95
1.00
1.05
1.10
1.25
0.95
1.10
1.20
1.30
1.50
1.90
Monthly
from
3
to
10
Linear Load Distribution Factor LKH
The linear load distribution factor considers the contact stress, while it describes unintegrated load distribution over the tooth
width (LKH = KH).
LKH = 1.1 for counter bearing, e.g. Torque Supporter
= 1.2 for preloaded bearings on the output shaft e.g. ATLANTA HT, HP and E servo-worm gear unit, BG bevel-gear unit
= 1.5 for unpreloaded bearings on the output shaft e.g. ATLANTA B servo-worm gear unit
ZD 2
Dimensions in mm
1/2012
Rack and Pinion Drive - Calculation and Selection
Calculation Example
Your Calculation
Values Given
Values Given
x Travelling Operation
x Travelling Operation
Mass to be Moved
= 820 kg
Mass to be Moved
kg
Speed
= 2 m/s
Speed
m/s
Acceleration Time
tb
= 1s
Acceleration Time
tb
Acceleration Due to Gravity g
= 9.81 m/s2
Acceleration Due to Gravity g
Coefcient of Friction
= 0.1
Coefcient of Friction
Load Factor
KA = 1.5
Load Factor
KA =
Life-Time Factor
fn
Life-Time Factor
fn
Safety Coefcient
SB = 1.2
Safety Coefcient
SB =
Linear Load
Distribution Factor
LKH = 1.5
Linear Load
Distribution Factor
LKH =
= 1.05 (cont. lubrication)
Calculation Process
a
Fu
tb
2
1
= 2 m/s2
tb
8209.810.1+8202
Fu zul./per. =
m/s2
kN
1000
Permissible Feed Force Fu Tab
Fu zul./per. =
KA SB fn LKH
= 2.44 kN
Assumed feed force: rack C45, ind. hardened, straight
tooth, module 3, pinion 16MnCr5, case hardened, 20 teeth,
page ZB-40 with Futab = 11.5 kN
Fu zul./per. =
a =
1000
1000
FuTab
Results
Fu = mg+ma ; Fu =
mg+ma
1000
Fu
Calculation Process
Results
a =
m/s2
9.81
11.5 kN
= 4.05 kN
[Link].5
Fu Tab
KA SB fn LKH
Fu zul. /per. =
kN
Condition
Fu zul./per. > Fu ; 4.05 kN > 2.44 kN
Condition
= > fullled
Fu zul./per. > Fu ;
Result:
1/2012
Rack
27 30 101
Page ZB-13
Pinion
24 35 220
Page ZB-23
case hardened
Dimensions in mm
kN >
kN
= > fullled
ZD 3
Rack and Pinion Drive - Calculation and Selection
Calculation Example
Your Calculation
Values Given
Values Given
x Lifting Operation
x Lifting Operation
Mass to be Moved
= 300 kg
Mass to be Moved
kg
Speed
= 1.08 m/s
Speed
m/s
Acceleration Time
tb
= 0.7 s
Acceleration Time
tb
= 9.81 m/s
Acceleration Due to Gravity g
Acceleration Due to Gravity g
Load Factor
KA =
Life-Time Factor
fn
SB = 1.2
Safety Coefcient
SB =
LKH = 1.2
Linear Load
Distribution Factor
LKH =
Load Factor
KA = 1.2
Life-Time Factor
fn
Safety Coefcient
Linear Load
Distribution Factor
= 1.1
(Cont. Lubrication)
Calculation Process
a
tb
a =
Fu = mg+ma
1000
Results
1.08
0.27
Fu = 3009.81+3004
9.81
Calculation Process
= 4 m/s
= 4.1 kN
=
tb
Fu
= mg+ma
Results
a =
Fu erf./req. =
m/s
kN
kN
1000
1000
1000
m/s
Assumed feed force: rack C45, ind. hardened, helical,
module 2, pinion 16MnCr5, case hardened, 20 teeth, page
Permissible Feed Force Fu tab
ZA-31 with Futab = 12 kN
Fu Tab
11.5 kN
Fu zul./per. =
; Fu zul./per. =
KA SB fn LKH
[Link].2
= 5.9 kN
Fu Tab
Fu zul./per. =
; Fu zul./per. =
KA SB fn LKH
Condition
Condition
Fu zul./per. > Fu ; 6.0 kN > 4.1 kN
Result:
ZD 4
=> fullled
Fu zul./per. > Fu ;
Rack
29 20 105
Page ZA-7
Pinion
24 29 520
Page ZA-24
Dimensions in mm
kN >
kN
=> fullled
1/2012
