Java version history

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The Java language has undergone several changes since JDK 1.0 as well as numerous
additions of classes and packages to the standard library. Since J2SE 1.4, the evolution of the
Java language has been governed by the Java Community Process (JCP), which uses Java
Specification Requests (JSRs) to propose and specify additions and changes to the Java
platform. The language is specified by the Java Language Specification (JLS); changes to the
JLS are managed under JSR 901.
In addition to the language changes, much more dramatic changes have been made to the Java
Class Library over the years, which has grown from a few hundred classes in JDK 1.0 to over
three thousand in J2SE 5. Entire new APIs, such as Swing and Java2D, have been introduced,
and many of the original JDK 1.0 classes and methods have beendeprecated. Some programs
allow conversion of Java programs from one version of the Java platform to an older one (for
example Java 5.0 backported to 1.4) (see Java backporting tools).
After the Java 7 release, Oracle promised to go back to a 2-year release cycle.[1] However, in
2013, Oracle announced that they would delay Java 8 by one year, in order to fix bugs related to
Java security.[2]
Java 8 is the only publicly supported version, while after public support periods of older versions
has ended, non-public updates have been issued for Java 7 and earlier.
Contents
[hide]

1JDK Alpha and Beta (1995)

2JDK 1.0 (January 23, 1996)

3JDK 1.1 (February 19, 1997)

4J2SE 1.2 (December 8, 1998)

5J2SE 1.3 (May 8, 2000)

6J2SE 1.4 (February 6, 2002)

7J2SE 5.0 (September 30, 2004)

o

8Java SE 6 (December 11, 2006)

o

8.1Java 6 updates

9Java SE 7 (July 28, 2011)

o

7.1Java 5 updates

9.1Java 7 updates

10Java SE 8 (March 18, 2014)

o

10.1Java 8 updates

11Java SE 9

12Java SE 10

13Implementations

14References

15External links

JDK Alpha and Beta (1995)[edit]

Alpha and Beta Java public releases had highly unstable APIs and ABIs. The supplied Java web
browser was named WebRunner.

JDK 1.0 (January 23, 1996)[edit]

Originally called Oak. Initial release[3][4] The first stable version, JDK 1.0.2, is called Java 1. [4]

JDK 1.1 (February 19, 1997)[edit]

Major additions included:[5]

an extensive retooling of the AWT event model

inner classes added to the language

JavaBeans

JDBC

RMI

reflection which supported Introspection only, no modification at

runtime was possible.

JIT (Just In Time) compiler on Microsoft Windows platforms,

produced for JavaSoft by Symantec

J2SE 1.2 (December 8, 1998)[edit]

Codename Playground. This and subsequent releases through J2SE 5.0 were rebranded
retrospectively Java 2 and the version name "J2SE" (Java 2 Platform, Standard Edition)
replaced JDK to distinguish the base platform from J2EE (Java 2 Platform, Enterprise Edition)
and J2ME (Java 2 Platform, Micro Edition). This was a very significant release of Java as it
tripled the size of the Java platform to 1520 classes in 59 packages. Major additions included: [6]

strictfp keyword

the Swing graphical API was integrated into the core classes

Sun's JVM was equipped with a JIT compiler for the first time

Java plug-in

Java IDL, an IDL implementation for CORBA interoperability

Collections framework

J2SE 1.3 (May 8, 2000)[edit]

Codename Kestrel. The most notable changes were:[7][8]

HotSpot JVM included (the HotSpot JVM was first released in

April 1999 for the J2SE 1.2 JVM)

RMI was modified to support optional compatibility with CORBA

Java Naming and Directory Interface (JNDI) included in core

libraries (previously available as an extension)

Java Platform Debugger Architecture (JPDA)

JavaSound

Synthetic proxy classes

J2SE 1.4 (February 6, 2002)[edit]

Codename Merlin. This was the first release of the Java platform developed under the Java
Community Process as JSR 59. Major changes included:[9][10]

Language changes

assert keyword (specified in JSR 41)

Library improvements

Regular expressions modeled after Perl regular expressions

Exception chaining allows an exception to encapsulate

original lower-level exception

Internet Protocol version 6 (IPv6) support

Non-blocking IO (named New Input/Output, NIO) (specified

in JSR 51)

Logging API (specified in JSR 47)

Image I/O API for reading and writing images in formats

like JPEG and PNG

Integrated XML parser and XSLT processor (JAXP)

(specified in JSR 5 and JSR 63)

Integrated security and cryptography extensions

(JCE, JSSE, JAAS)

Java Web Start included (Java Web Start was first released
in March 2001 for J2SE 1.3) (specified in JSR 56)

Preferences API (java.util.prefs)

Public support and security updates for Java 1.4 ended in October 2008. Paid security updates
for Oracle customers ended in February 2013.[11]

J2SE 5.0 (September 30, 2004)[edit]

Codename Tiger. Originally numbered 1.5, which is still used as the internal version number.
The number was changed to "better reflect the level of maturity, stability, scalability and security
of the J2SE".[12] This version was developed under JSR 176.
J2SE 5.0 entered its end-of-public-updates period on April 8, 2008; updates are no longer
available to the public as of November 3, 2009. Updates were available to paid Oracle customers
until May 2015.[13]
Tiger added a number of significant new language features:[14][15]

Generics: Provides compile-time (static) type safety for

collections and eliminates the need for most typecasts (type
conversion). (Specified by JSR 14.)

Metadata: Also called annotations; allows language constructs

such as classes and methods to be tagged with additional data,
which can then be processed by metadata-aware utilities.
(Specified by JSR 175.)

Autoboxing/unboxing: Automatic conversions between primitive

types (such as int ) and primitive wrapper classes (such
as Integer ). (Specified by JSR 201.)

Enumerations: The enum keyword creates a typesafe, ordered

list of values (such as Day.MONDAY , Day.TUESDAY , etc.).
Previously this could only be achieved by non-typesafe constant
integers or manually constructed classes (typesafe enum
pattern). (Specified by JSR 201.)

Varargs: The last parameter of a method can now be declared

using a type name followed by three dots (e.g. void
drawtext(String... lines) ). In the calling code any
number of parameters of that type can be used and they are
then placed in an array to be passed to the method, or
alternatively the calling code can pass an array of that type.

Enhanced for each loop: The for loop syntax is extended

with special syntax for iterating over each member of either an

array or any Iterable , such as the

standard Collection classes. (Specified by JSR 201.)

Improved semantics of execution for multithreaded Java

programs. The new Java memory model addresses issues of
complexity, effectiveness, and performance of previous
specifications.[16]

Static imports

There were also the following improvements to the standard libraries:

Automatic stub generation for RMI objects.

Swing: New skinnable look and feel, called synth.

The concurrency utilities in package java.util.concurrent.[17]

Scanner class for parsing data from various input streams and
buffers.

Java 5 is the last release of Java to officially support the Microsoft Windows 9x line (Windows 95,
Windows 98, Windows ME),[18] while Windows Vista is the newest version of Windows that J2SE
5 was supported on prior to Java 5 going end of life in October 2009. [11]
Java 5 Update 5 (1.5.0_05) is the last release of Java to work without any problems on Windows
NT 4.0.[19]
Java 5 is the default version of Java installed on Apple Mac OS X 10.5 (Leopard). Java 6 can be
installed and set as the default to be used on 64-bit (Core 2 Duo and higher) processor
machines.[20] Java 6 is also supported by 32-bit machines running Mac OS X 10.6 (Snow
Leopard).

Java 5 updates[edit]
Release

Release date

Highlights

Java SE 5

2004-10-4

Metadata, generic types, autoboxing and auto-unboxing of

primitive types, enhanced for loop, enumerated types, static
import, formatted I/O, varargs, and concurrency utilities.
Improved startup time and memory footprint. Sharing of
read-only data between multiple running JVMs. Remote
monitoring and management. A new JVM profiling API.
Programmatic generation of stack traces. Support for XML
1.1 with Namespaces, XML Schema, SAX 2.0.2, DOM
Level 3, and XSLT with a fast XLSTC compiler. Unicode
4.0 support.

Java SE 5 Update 1

2004-12-25

50 bugs have been fixed.

Java SE 5 Update 2

2005-03-16

A few crashes were fixed. The program is now compiled

with better optimization. Calendar bugfixes and other

bugfixes were made.

2005-05-03

This release fixes several bugs, including crashes of the

Linux Mozilla plugin.

Java SE 5 Update 4

2005-07-04

With the release, J2SE support for Windows 64-bit has

progressed from release candidate to final release. This
version runs on AMD64/EM64T 64-bit mode machines
with Windows Server 2003 x64 Editions.

Java SE 5 Update 5

2005-09-18

Several bugs were fixed and performance enhancements

were made.

Java SE 5 Update 6

2005-12-07

Prior to this update, an applet or application could specify

the version of the JRE on which it would run. This has
changed. All applets are executed with the latest JRE
version.

Java SE 5 Update 7

2006-05-29

Several bugs were fixed and performance enhancements

were made.

Java SE 5 Update 8

2006-08-13

Several bugs were fixed and performance enhancements

were made.

Java SE 5 Update 9

2006-11-12

This release fixes several minor regressions.

Java SE 5 Update 10

2006-12-22

An implementation of the epoll I/O event notification

facility, supported by Linux 2.6, was added. Many bugs
were fixed.

Java SE 5 Update 11

2007-03-08

Several bugs were fixed and performance enhancements

were made.

Java SE 5 Update 12

2007-06-11

Java SE 5 Update 13

2007-10-05

Java SE 5 Update 3

Multiple security vulnerabilities in Java Web Start relating

to local file access were fixed. A security vulnerability in
the JRE allowing network access restrictions to be
circumvented was fixed. Several other security issues and

minor bugs were fixed.

Java SE 5 Update 14

2008-03-06

Several crashes due to heap buffer out-of-bounds were

fixed, along with several other bugs. New root certificates
from AOL, DigiCert, and TrustCenter are now included.

2008-07-23

This release fixes several security flaws, such as DoS

vulnerabilites, buffer overflows, and other bugs which
could lead to crashes or which would give applets access to
certain system resources. These vulnerabilites were located
in Java Web Start, in the Java Management Extensions
(JMX) Management Agent, and in the functions for
handling XML data.

2008-12-03

The UTF-8 charset implementation was updated to handle

the non-shortest form of UTF-8 byte sequences,
introducing an incompatibility from previous releases. New
root certificates were added. Many bugs were fixed.

Java SE 5 Update 18

2009-03-25

Several security issues were resolved. The behavior of the

JNDI feature to store and retrieve Java objects in an LDAP
directory was slightly modified. Five new root certificates
were added. Many bugs were fixed.

Java SE 5 Update 19

2009-05-29

Support was added for several system configurations.

Service Tag support was added. Many bugs were fixed,
including several crashes and memory leaks.

Java SE 5 Update 20

2009-08-06

Several security vulnerabilities were resolved, such as

potential system access by untrusted applets, and integer
overflows in image processing and in Unpack200. Several
new root certificates were added. Many other minor bugs
were fixed.

Java SE 5 Update 21

2009-09-09

Many minor bugs were fixed.

Java SE 5 Update 22

2009-11-04

This release marks the End of Service Life (EOSL) for

Java 5, and is its final public version. Several security
vulnerabilities, reported as Sun Alerts 269868, 270474,
270475, and 270476, were fixed. Several other bugs were

Java SE 5 Update 15

Java SE 5 Update 16

Java SE 5 Update 17

fixed. Furthermore, two new root certificates were added.

Java SE 6 (December 11, 2006)[edit]

Codename Mustang. As of this version, Sun replaced the name "J2SE" with Java SE and
dropped the ".0" from the version number.[21] Internal numbering for developers remains 1.6.0.
[22]
This version was developed under JSR 270.
During the development phase, new builds including enhancements and bug fixes were released
approximately weekly. Beta versions were released in February and June 2006, leading up to a
final release that occurred on December 11, 2006.
Major changes included in this version:[23][24]

Support for older Win9x versions dropped; unofficially, Java 6

Update 7 was the last release of Java shown to work on these
versions of Windows.[citation needed] This is believed[by whom?] to be due to
the major changes in Update 10.

Scripting Language Support (JSR 223): Generic API for tight

integration with scripting languages, and builtin Mozilla JavaScript Rhino integration.

Dramatic performance improvements for the core platform, [25]

[26]
and Swing.

Improved Web Service support through JAX-WS (JSR 224).

JDBC 4.0 support (JSR 221).

Java Compiler API (JSR 199): an API allowing a Java program

to select and invoke a Java Compiler programmatically.

Upgrade of JAXB to version 2.0: Including integration of

a StAX parser.

Support for pluggable annotations (JSR 269).[27]

Many GUI improvements, such as integration of SwingWorker in

the API, table sorting and filtering, and true Swing doublebuffering (eliminating the gray-area effect).

JVM improvements
include: synchronization and compiler performance
optimizations, new algorithms and upgrades to existing garbage
collection algorithms, and application start-up performance.

Java 6 reached the end of its supported life in February 2013, at which time all public updates,
including security updates, were scheduled to be stopped. [28][29] Oracle released two more update
to Java 6 in March and April 2013, which patched some security vulnerabilities. [30][31]

Java 6 updates[edit]

After Java 6 release, Sun, and later Oracle, released several updates which, while not changing
any public API, enhanced end-user usability or fixed bugs.[32]
Release

Release date

Highlights

This release adds many enhancements in the fields of Web

services, scripting, databases, pluggable annotations, and
security, as well as quality, compatibility, and stability.
JConsole is now officially supported. Java DB support has
been added.

Java SE 6

2006-12-23

Java SE 6 Update 1

2007-05-07

Java SE 6 Update 2

2007-07-03

Java SE 6 Update 3

2007-10-03

Java SE 6 Update 4

2008-01-14

HotSpot VM 10

Java SE 6 Update 5

2008-03-05

Several security flaws were eliminated. New root

certificates from AOL, DigiCert, and TrustCenter are now
included.

2008-04-16

A workaround for the infamous Xlib/XCB locking

assertion issue was introduced. A memory leak when using
Kerberos authentication with LoginContext was fixed.
Several other bugs were fixed.

Java SE 6 Update 6

Unofficially, Java SE 6 Update 7 (1.6.0.7) is the last

version of Java that was shown to be working on the
Win9x family of operating systems[citation needed]

Java SE 6 Update 7[33]

Java SE 6 Update 10[34]

2008-10-15

HotSpot VM 11. Major changes for this update include:

Java Deployment Toolkit, a set

of JavaScript functions to ease the deployment
of applets and Java Web Start applications.[35]

Java Kernel, a small installer including only the

most commonly used JRE classes. Other packages are
downloaded when needed.

Java SE 6 Update 11[39]

Java SE 6 Update 12

[41]

Java SE 6 Update 13[42]

Enhanced updater.
Enhanced versioning and pack200 support: serverside support is no longer required.[36]

Java Quick Starter, to improve cold start-up time.

Improved performance of Java2D graphics

primitives on Windows, using Direct3D and hardware
acceleration.

A new Swing look and feel called Nimbus and

based on synth.[37]

Next-Generation Java Plug-In: applets now run in

a separate process and support many features of Web
Start applications.[38]

2008-12-03

13 security fixes[40]

2008-12-12

No security fixes; 64-bit Java plug-in (for 64-bit web

browsers only); Windows Server 2008 support;
performance improvements of graphics
and JavaFX applications

2009-03-24

7 security fixes, JNDI store and retrieve Java objects in

LDAP slightly modified, JMX Change
(createMBeanunregisterMBean), 4 new root certificates
added
HotSpot VM 14. This release includes extensive
performance updates to the JIT compiler, compressed
pointers for 64-bit machines, as well as support for the G1
(Garbage First) low-pause garbage collector.[44][45]
The -XX:+DoEscapeAnalysis option directs the
HotSpot JIT compiler to use escape analysis to determine if
local objects can be allocated on the stack instead of
the heap.[46]

Java SE 6 Update 14[43]

2009-05-28

Java SE 6 Update 15

2009-08-04

Introduced patch-in-place functionality[49]

Java SE 6 Update 16

2009-08-11

Fixed the issue introduced in update 14 which caused

debuggers to miss breakpoints[50]

Java SE 6 Update 17[51]

2009-11-04

Security fixes; 2 new root certificates

Java SE 6 Update 18

2010-01-13

No security fixes; Hotspot VM 16; support for Ubuntu 8.04

LTS Desktop Edition, SLES 11, Windows 7, Red Hat
Enterprise Linux5.3, Firefox 3.6, VisualVM 1.2; updated

[52]

Some developers have noticed an issue introduced in this

release which causes debuggers to miss breakpoints
seemingly randomly.[47] Sun has a corresponding bug,
which is tracking the issue. The workaround applies to the
Client and Server VMs.[48]Using the -XX:
+UseParallelGC option will prevent the failure. Another
workaround is to roll back to update 13, or to upgrade to
update 16.

Java DB; many performance improvements

Java SE 6 Update 19[53]

2010-03-30

Security fixes; root certificate changes: seven new, three

removed, five replaced with stronger signature algorithms;
interim fix for TLS renegotiation attack

Java SE 6 Update 20[54]

2010-04-15

2 security fixes

Java SE 6 Update 21[55]

2010-07-07

No security fixes; Hotspot VM 17; support for Red Hat

Enterprise Linux 5.4 and 5.5, Oracle Enterprise Linux 4.8,
5.4, 5.5; Google Chrome 4 support; support for
Customized Loading Progress Indicators; VisualVM 1.2.2

Java SE 6 Update 22[56]

2010-10-12

29 security fixes; RFC 5746 support

Java SE 6 Update 23[57]

2010-12-08

No security fixes; Hotspot VM 19; better support for rightto-left languages

Java SE 6 Update 24[58]

2011-02-15

21 security fixes; updated Java DB

Java SE 6 Update 25

2011-03-21

No security fixes; Hotspot VM 20; support for Internet

Explorer 9, Firefox 4 and Chrome 10; improved
BigDecimal; includes "tiered" compilation in the Server
VM that enables it to start quickly as does the Client VM,
while achieving better peak performance (this feature is
enabled by specifying -server and -XX:
+TieredCompilation command options)[59]

Java SE 6 Update 26[60]

2011-06-07

17 new security fixes;[61] last version compatible with

Windows Vista SP1

Java SE 6 Update 27[62]

2011-08-16

No security fixes; certification for Firefox 5

Java SE 6 Update 29[63]

2011-10-18

20 security fixes, various bug fixes[64]

Java SE 6 Update 30[65]

2011-12-12

No security fixes; fix for SSL regression in Update 29;

support for Red Hat Enterprise Linux 6

Java SE 6 Update 31[66]

2012-02-14

14 security fixes and one bug fix

JAVA SE 6 Update 32[67]

2012-04-26

No security fixes, various bug fixes

Java SE 6 Update 33

[68]

2012-06-12

14 security fixes, improved VM configuration file loading

Java SE 6 Update 34[69]

2012-08-14

No security fixes, various bug fixes

Java SE 6 Update 35

[70]

2012-08-30

Contains a security-in-depth fix[71]

Java SE 6 Update 37[72]

2012-10-16

30 security fixes

Java SE 6 Update 38[73]

2012-12-11

Various bug fixes[74]

Java SE 6 Update 39[75]

2013-02-01

50 security fixes

Java SE 6 Update 41[76]

2013-02-19

5 security fixes

Java SE 6 Update 43

[77]

2013-03-04

2 security fixes

Java SE 6 Update 45[78]

2013-04-16

42 security fixes;[79] other changes;[78] final public update[80]

Java SE 6 Update 51[81]

2013-06-18

Not available publicly, only available through the Java SE

Support program and in Apple Update for OS X Snow
Leopard, Lion & Mountain Lion; up to 40 security fixes[82]

Java SE 6 Update 65[83]

2013-10-15

Not available publicly, only available through the Java SE

Support program and in Apple Update for OS X Snow
Leopard, Lion & Mountain Lion; at least 11 critical
security fixes[84]

Java SE 6 Update 71[85]

2014-01-14

Not available for public download; 33 fixes[86]

Java SE 6 Update 75[87]

2014-04-15

Not available publicly, only available through the Java SE

Support program and in Solaris 10's Recommended
Patchset Cluster no. #54; 25 security fixes[88]

Java SE 6 Update 81[89]

2014-07-15

Not available publicly, only available through the Java SE

Support program and in Solaris 10's Recommended
Patchset Cluster; 11 security fixes[90]

Java SE 6 Update 85[91]

2014-10-16

Not available publicly, only available through the Java SE

Support program and in Solaris 10's Recommended
Patchset Cluster; 18 security fixes[92]

Java SE 6 Update 91[93]

2015-01-21

Not available publicly, only available through the Java SE

Support program and in Solaris 10's Recommended
Patchset Cluster; 15 security fixes[94]

Java SE 6 Update 95

2015-04-14

Not available publicly, only available through the Java SE

Support program and in Solaris 10's Recommended
Patchset Cluster; 14 security fixes[95]

Java SE 6 Update 101

2015-07-15

Not available publicly, only available through the Java SE

Support program and in Solaris 10's Recommended
Patchset Cluster; 18 security fixes[96]

Java SE 6 Update 105

2015-10-20

Not available publicly, only available through the Java SE

Support program and in Solaris 10's Recommended
Patchset Cluster; 17 security fixes[97]

Java SE 7 (July 28, 2011)[edit]

Java 7 (codename Dolphin[98]) is a major update that was launched on July 7, 2011[99] and was
made available for developers on July 28, 2011.[100] The development period was organized into
thirteen milestones; on June 6, 2011, the last of the thirteen milestones was finished. [101][102] On
average, 8 builds (which generally included enhancements and bug fixes) were released per
milestone. The feature list at the OpenJDK 7 project lists many of the changes.
Additions in Java 7 include:[103]

JVM support for dynamic languages, with the

new invokedynamic bytecode under JSR-292,[104] following the
prototyping work currently done on the Multi Language Virtual
Machine

Compressed 64-bit pointers[105] (available in Java 6 with -XX:

+UseCompressedOops)[106]

These small language changes (grouped under a project named

Coin):[107]

Strings in switch[108]

Automatic resource management in try-statement [109]

Improved type inference for generic instance creation,

aka the diamond operator <>[110]

Simplified varargs method declaration[111]

Binary integer literals[112]

Allowing underscores in numeric literals[113]

Catching multiple exception types and rethrowing

exceptions with improved type checking[114]

Concurrency utilities under JSR 166[115]

New file I/O library (defined by JSR 203) adding support for
multiple file systems, file metadata and symbolic links. The
new packages are java.nio.file, java.nio.file.attribute and
java.nio.file.spi[116][117]

Timsort is used to sort collections and arrays of objects

instead of merge sort

Library-level support for elliptic curve

cryptography algorithms

An XRender pipeline for Java 2D, which improves handling

of features specific to modern GPUs

New platform APIs for the graphics features originally

implemented in version 6u10 as unsupported APIs[118]

Enhanced library-level support for new network protocols,

including SCTP and Sockets Direct Protocol

Upstream updates to XML and Unicode

Java Deployment Rulesets[119]

Lambda (Java's implementation of lambda functions), Jigsaw

(Java's implementation of modules), and part of Coin were
dropped from Java 7, and released as part of Java 8 (except for
Jigsaw, which will be in Java 9).[120][121]
Java 7 was the default version to download on java.com from
April 2012 until Java 8 was released.[122]

Java 7 updates[edit]
Oracle issued public updates to the Java 7 family on a quarterly
basis[123] until April 2015 when the product reached the end of its
support lifecycle.[124][125]
Release

Release date

Highlights

Java SE 7[126]

2011-07-28

Initial release; HotSpot VM 21

Java SE 7 Update 1[127]

2011-10-18

20 security fixes, other bug fixes

Java SE 7 Update 2[128]

2011-12-12

No security fixes; HotSpot VM 22; reliability and

performance improvements; support for Solaris 11 and
Firefox 5 and later;JavaFX included with Java SE JDK,
improvements for web-deployed applications

Java SE 7 Update 3[129]

2012-02-14

14 security fixes[130]

Java SE 7 Update 4[131]

2012-04-26

No security updates; HotSpot VM 23; JDK Support for

Mac OS X

Java SE 7 Update 5[132]

2012-06-12

14 security fixes[133]

Java SE 7 Update 6[134]

2012-08-14

JavaFX and Java Access Bridge included in Java SE

JDK and JRE installation, JavaFX support for touchenabled monitors and touch pads, JavaFX support for
Linux, JDK and JRE Support for Mac OS X, JDK for
Linux on ARM[135]

Java SE 7 Update 7[136]

2012-08-30

4 security fixes[71]

Java SE 7 Update 9[137]

2012-10-16

30 security vulnerabilities fixes[138]

2012-12-11

New security features, such as the ability to disable any

Java application from running in the browser and new
dialogs to warn you when the JRE is insecure, and bug
fixes

Java SE 7 Update 11[140]

2013-01-13

Olson Data 2012i; bugfix for problems with

registration of plugin on systems with Stand-alone
version of JavaFX Installed, security fixes for CVE2013-0422;[141] the default security level for Java applets
and web start applications has been increased from
"Medium" to "High"

Java SE 7 Update 13[142]

2013-02-01

50 security fixes

Java SE 7 Update 15[143]

2013-02-19

5 security fixes

Java SE 7 Update 10[139]

Java SE 7 Update 17[144]

2013-03-04

2 security fixes

Java SE 7 Update 21[145]

2013-04-16

Multiple changes including 42 security fixes, a new

Server JRE that doesn't include the plug-in, and the
JDK for Linux on ARM

Java SE 7 Update 25[146]

2013-06-18

Multiple changes including 40 security fixes[82][147]

Java SE 7 Update 40[148]

2013-09-10

New security features, hardfloat ARM, Java Mission

Control and Retina Display support[149]

2013-10-15

51 security fixes;[151] protections against unauthorized

redistribution of Java applications; restore security
prompts; JAXP changes; TimeZone.setDefault change

Java SE 7 Update 51[152]

2014-01-14

36 security fixes; block JAVA applets without manifest

(like Remote console Java Applet IBM IMM card,
HP iLO card) even if warning dialog is with sentence
"will be blocked in next version"[153][154]

Java SE 7 Update 55[155]

2014-04-15

37 security fixes[156]

Java SE 7 Update 60[157]

2014-05-28

130 bug fixes[158]

Java SE 7 Update 65[159]

2014-07-15

18 bug fixes[160]

Java SE 7 Update 67[161]

2014-08-04

1 bug fix[162]

Java SE 7 Update 71[163]

2014-10-14

16 bug fixes[164]

[165]

2014-10-14

Same release date with Update 71 as a corresponding

Patch Set Update (PSU) for Java SE 7,[166] 36 bug
fixes[167]

Java SE 7 Update 75[168]

2015-01-20

12 bug fixes,[169] SSLv3 disabled by default

Java SE 7 Update 76[170]

2015-01-20

Same release date with Update 75 as a corresponding

Java SE 7 Update 45

Java SE 7 Update 72

[150]

Patch Set Update (PSU) for Java SE 7,[166] 97 bug

fixes[171]

Java SE 7 Update 79[172]

2015-04-14

21 security fixes

Java SE 7 Update 80[172]

2015-04-14

Last public release of Java 7. Same release date with

Update 79 as a corresponding Patch Set Update (PSU)
for Java SE 7

Java SE 7 Update 85

2015-07-15

Not available publicly, only available through the Java

SE Support program and in Solaris 10's Recommended
Patchset Cluster; 25 security fixes[96]

Java SE 7 Update 91

2015-10-20

Not available publicly, only available through the Java

SE Support program and in Solaris 10's Recommended
Patchset Cluster; 20 security fixes[97]

Java SE 8 (March 18, 2014)[edit]

Java 8 was released on 18 March 2014,[173][174] and included some
features that were planned for Java 7 but later deferred. [175]
Work on features was organized in terms of JDK Enhancement
Proposals (JEPs).[176]

JSR 335, JEP 126: Language-level support for lambda

expressions (officially, lambda expressions;
unofficially, closures) under Project Lambda[177] and default
methods (virtual extension methods)[178][179][180] which allow the
addition of methods to interfaces without breaking existing
implementations. There was an ongoing debate in the Java
community on whether to add support for lambda
expressions.[181][182] Sun later declared that lambda
expressions would be included in Java and asked for
community input to refine the feature.[183] Supporting lambda
expressions also allows the performance of functional-style
operations on streams of elements, such as MapReduceinspired transformations on collections. Default methods
allow an author of an API to add new methods to an
interface without breaking the old code using it. Although it
was not their primary intent,[178] default methods also allow
multiple inheritance of behavior (but not state).

JSR 223, JEP 174: Project Nashorn, a JavaScript runtime

which allows developers to embed JavaScript code within
applications

JSR 308, JEP 104: Annotation on Java Types[184]

Unsigned Integer Arithmetic[185]

JSR 337, JEP 120: Repeating annotations[186]

JSR 310, JEP 150: Date and Time API[187]

JEP 178: Statically-linked JNI libraries[188]

JEP 153: Launch JavaFX applications (direct launching of

JavaFX application JARs)[189]

JEP 122: Remove the permanent generation[190]

Java 8 is not supported on Windows XP[191] but as of JDK 8

update 25, it can still be installed and run under Windows XP.
[192]
Previous updates of JDK 8 could be run under XP, but had to
be installed after a forced installation by directly unzipping files
from the installation executable.
From October 2014, Java 8 has been the default version to
download from the official website.[193]

Java 8 updates[edit]
Release

Release date

Highlights

Java SE 8

2014-03-18

Initial release

Java SE 8 Update 5[194]

2014-04-15

Using "*" in Caller-AllowableCodebase attribute; bug fixes

[195]

Java SE 8 Update 11

2014-07-15

Java Dependency Analysis Tool (jdeps); Java Control

Panel option to disable sponsors; JAR file attribute
Entry-Point; JAXP processing limit property
maxElementDepth; 18 security bug fixes[196]

Java SE 8 Update 20[197]

2014-08-19

Java SE 8 Update 25[198]

2014-10-14

Java SE 8 Update 31[199]

2015-01-19

26 bug fixes. SSLv3 disabled by default.

Java SE 8 Update 40[200]

2015-03-03

Added the notion of "memory pressure" to help

indicate how much of system's memory is still
available (low pressure = high memory, high pressure =

low memory).

Java SE 8 Update 45[201]

2015-04-14

Java SE 8 Update 51[202]

2015-07-14

Added support for native sandbox on Windows

platforms. This feature is disabled by default. Also, 25
security fixes.

Java SE 8 Update 60[203]

2015-08-18

480 bug fixes

Java SE 8 Update 65[204]

2015-10-20

3 bug fixes

Java SE 8 Update 66[205]

2015-11-16

15 bug fixes

Java SE 9[edit]
At JavaOne 2011, Oracle discussed features they hope to have
in the initial release of Java 9 scheduled for September 22,
2016,[206] including better support for multi-gigabyte heaps, better
native code integration, and a self-tuning JVM.[207]

JSR 294: Modularization of the JDK under Project Jigsaw

(Java Module System)[121][208][209]

JSR 354: Money and Currency API[210][211]

JEP 222: jshell: The Java Shell (a Java REPL)[212][213]

There are plans to add automatic parallelization using OpenCL.[1]

[214]

Azul Systems announces early access program for Zulu

supporting Java 9 on October 26, 2015[215].

Java SE 10[edit]
There is speculation of introducing objects without identity (value
types),[216][217] as well as moving towards 64-bit addressable
arrays to support large data sets somewhere around 2018. [1]

Implementations[edit]
OpenJDK is a free and open source implementation of the Java
Platform, Standard Edition (Java SE).
Before OpenJDK, several Free Java implementations were
made by companies and groups such as Apache
Harmony. IBM also provides Java implementations,

and RedHatprovides it through the IcedTea project:

a build and integration project for OpenJDK.
[218]

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External links[edit]

Official Java SE Downloads

Early history of Java

Full list of changes for J2SE 1.3

Full list of changes for J2SE 1.4

Full list of changes for J2SE 5.0

Full list of changes for Java SE 6

Mustang development site for Java SE 6

Java SE 7 release notes

Sun Java Supported versions and EOL

Downloads archive for older version of Java

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